unit4 计算机专业英语

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计算机专业英语教程(第四版)习题答案

计算机专业英语教程(第四版)习题答案

计算机专业英语教程(第四版)习题答案计算机专业英语教程(第四版)习题答案计算机专业英语(第四版)课后习题答案Unit 1 [Ex 1] Fb5E2RGbCAP [Ex 2] 1. input, storage, processing, and output 2. power; speed; 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. T 9. T 10.memoryp1EanqFDPw 3. central processing unit memoryDXDiTa9E3d 5. keyboard; [Ex 3] B. A. central processing unit; 1. F 2. D 2. monitor 3. G 4. C 5. B main memory; 6. A 7. E monitorRTCrpUDGiT 8. H5PCzVD7HxA 4. internal; primary;1. user3. data4. keyboard5. data processingjLBHrnAILg6. information [Ex 4] instructions7. computer8. memory 3. manipulates 4.1. input device2. screen, screen 5. retrievexHAQX74J0X 8. Function6. code7. hard copy[Ex. 5] 新处理器开始IT 技术的新时代New Processors Open New Era of IT Technologies Last week, Intel introduced to the public in Russia and other CIS countries a family of processors Intel Xeon E5-2600. They are more powerful and reliable and, importantly, are very economical in terms of energy consumption. Their1 / 30presence opens a new era in the field of IT technologies and means that the cloud technology is getting closer.LDAYtRyKfEThese processors are primarily designed for servers, data centers (DPC) and supercomputers. The emergence of this class of devices is not accidental. According to the regional director of Intel in Russia and other CIS states Dmitri Konash who spoke at the event, the market of IT-technology is developing so rapidly that, according to forecasts, by 2015 there will be 15 billion devices connected to the Internet, and over 3 billion of active users.Zzz6ZB2Ltk 上周,英特尔公司向俄罗斯和其它独联体国家的公众推出了英特尔Xeon E5-2600 系列处理器,它们更加强大可靠,尤其是在能量消耗方面更加经济实惠。

计算机专业英语全部答案(第三版)

计算机专业英语全部答案(第三版)

计算机专业英语全部答案(第三版)Unit1EX11 F2 T3 T4 F5 T6 F7 T 8 T 9 T 10FEX2Input hardware, storage hardware, processing hardware, output hardware power, speed, memorycentral processing unitinternal, primary, memorykeyboard, central processing unit, main memory, monitorEX3 PARTA1 F2 D3 G4 C5 B6 A7 E 8 HEX3 PART B1 F2 E3 G4 B5 A6 C7D 8 HEX41 input device2 screen3 manipulates4 instructions5 retrieve6 codes7 hardcopy8 functionEX51 T2 T3 F4 F5 T6 F7 T 8 TUNIT2EX11 T2 F3 T4 F5 T6 F7 T 8 FEX21 sizes, shapes, processing capabilities2 supercomputers, mainframe computers, minicomputers, microcomputers3 mainframe computer4 microcomputer, storage locations5 portables, laptop computers, desktop workstations6 semiconductor7 CPU, memory, storage, devices, processing, users8 microprocessor chipEX3 PARTA1 C2 A3 H4 I5 E6 F7 G 8 JEX3 PARTB1 capacity2 device3 laptop computer4 Portable computers5 Silicon6 semiconductor7 workstation8 Voltage, voltage9 RAM10ROMEX41 portable2 access3 main memory4 sophisticated programs5 processing capabilities6 instructions7 computation8 computer professionalEX51 T2 T3 F4 F5 F6 T7 F 8 T 9 T 10T11F 12T 13 T 14 TUNIT3EX11 T2 F3 T4 T5 T6 T7 F 8 F 9 T 10 F11T 12F 13F 14TEX21 microprocessor2 bus3 register 4control unit5 processor6 binary7 arithmetic, logic 8 milliseconds, microseconds9 instruction 10execution 11megahertz 12wordsize EX3 PARTA1 F2 A3 J4 C5 D6 E7 H 8 I 9 B 10GEX3 PARTB1 Storage 2chip3 buses4 ALU5 register 6control unit7 machine language 8 binary system 9 bits 10computer programEX41 configuration2 decodes3 data bus4 characters5 converts6 synchronize7 circuitry8 internal clockEX51 T2 F3 F4 T5 F6 F7 T 8 T 9 F 10 FUNIT4EX11 F2 T3 T4 F5 F6 T7 F 8 T 9 T 10 F11T 12T 13F 14F 15T 16F17T 18F 19T 20F21T 22FEX2memoryRAMdiskettes, diskschipsparityexpanded, extendedmonochromecacheROMupdatedEX3 PART A1 B2 E3 C4 J5 I6 H 7A 8 F 9 G 10DEX3 PART Bsecondary storagebufferaccesscodedisketteslotterminalsmotherboardbytescreenEX4desktopsoftwareanimationtransferredsophisticatedcompatiblecacheupgradeEX51 T2 F3 F4 T5 T6 T7 T8 F9 T 10 F11T 12F 13F 14T 15T 16F17F 18F 19F 20T21T 22TUnit 5Ex1:1 T2 T3 F4 T5 F6 F7 F 8 T 9 T 10 T11F 12T 13F 14F 15T 16T17F 18T 19F 20F21T 22T 23TEX2mail, courierhub, starlocal area networkpacketsEthernetkilobits per second, megabits per second, gigabits per second circuit switchingreassembledinternet protocol, transmission control protocol datagramsframesbinary, decimalEX3 part A1 C2 E3 B4 F5 A6 D7 H 8 GEX3 part Bhubzippeddecimalframebinary numberinternetpacketbandwidthEX4forwardedreassembledare encapsulatedcableburstysubmitare retransmittedprotocolEX5IP addressnotationdotted-decimalcomputer networkbackgroundsharedgeographicprivacyExercise to the Passage for ReadingEX6有意为维修技师使用所留被弃的、丢失的或损坏了的数据都进了数据桶。

计算机专业英语教程参考答案标准版

计算机专业英语教程参考答案标准版
data flow数据流
dataformatting数据格式化
Ethernet cables以太网电缆
fiber optic光纤
flow control流控制
Frame Relay帧中继
layered architecture分层结构
leased line租用线
meshnetwork网状网络
monolithicarchitecture单片电路结构
Dot-matix printer点阵式打印机
Drum plotter鼓式绘图仪
Electron gun电子枪
Electrostatic charge静电荷
Electrostatic printer静电打印机
Flatbed plotter平板式打印机
Ink-jet printer喷墨式打印机
Laser printer激光打印机
Unit 2
Computer component计算机部件
in terms of以…..的名义
mainframe computer主计算机
output device输出设备
personal computer个人计算机
processing capability处理能力
storage device存储设备
Unit 2
1.In order to save dataportable
2.Before you canaccessany data
3.A computer can’t execute amain memory
4.A computer with a large memorysophisticatedprograms
4.If a computer is to function withoutinstructions

专业英语翻译unit 4.

专业英语翻译unit 4.

12
Major modifications in current procedures, information needs, and decision-making processes, all of which are designed to accomplish desired objectives, are built into the model of the new logical system that is graphically depicted in the proposed logical system data-flow diagram.
8
Table 4.1The Structured Approach To Systems Development Is Compared Toitional Approach Study the current physical system Devise a new physical system Structured Approach Study the current physical system Build the current logical system Analyze the objectives of the new system Derive a new logical system Draft alternative designs Finalize the new physical system
4
Instead of giving users pages of system specifications that they cannot understand, the structured systems analysis process uses tools that depict a logical model of the current system and of the proposed system that the user can clearly understand.

计算机专业英语教程参考答案

计算机专业英语教程参考答案

计算机专业英语教程参考答案计算机专业英语练习参考答案Unit 1[Ex 1]1..F2.T3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.T9.T 10.F [Ex 2]1.input, storage, processing, and output2. power, speed, memory3. central processing unit4. internal, primary, memory5. keyboard, central processing unit, main memory, monitor[Ex 3]A. 1.F 2.D 3.G 4.C 5.B 6.E 7.H 8.AB. /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html er 2.monitor 3.data4.keyboard5.data processing6. information/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html puter8.memory[Ex 4]1.input device2. screen, screen3.manipulates4.instructions5.retrieve6.code7.hard copy8.function/code/instruction [Ex 5]1.T2.T3.F4.F5.T6.F7.T8.FUnit 2[Ex 1]1.T2.F3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.F[Ex 2]1. sizes, shapes, processing capabilities2. supercomputer, mainframe computer, minicomputers, microcomputers3. mainframe computer4.microcomputers, storage locations5. portables, laptop computers/ notebook/palm-sized computer, desktop workstations6.semiconductor7. CPU, memory, storage, devices, processing, users8. microprocessor ship[Ex 3]A. 1.C 2.A 3.H 4.I 5.E 6.F 7.G 8.BB. 1.capacity 2.device /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html ptop computer4.portable computers5.silicon6. semiconductor7.workstation8.voltage9.RAM 10.ROM[Ex 4]1. portable2.access3. main memory4.sophisticated programs5. processing capabilities6.instructions7.semiconductor /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html putation /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html puter professional[Ex 5]1.T2.T3.T4.F5.F6.T7.F8.T9.F 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.T 14.T Unit 3[Ex 1]1.T2.F3.T4.T5.T6.T7.F8.F9.T 10.F 11.T 12.F[Ex 2]1.microprocessor2.bus3.registers4.control unit5.processor6.binary7.arithmetic, logical/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html liseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds.9.instruction 10.execution 11.megaherts 12.wordsize[Ex 3]A. 1.J 2.D 3.F 4.B 5.C 6.E 7.I 8.H 9.A 10.GB. 1.storage 2.chip 3.registers 4.ALU 5.bus6.control bus7.machine language8.binary system9.bits 10. computer program[Ex 4]1. configuration2. converts3.data bus4.characters5.converts6.synchronize7.circuitry8.internal clock [Ex 5]1.T2. F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.T8.T9.T 10.F Unit 4[Ex 1]1.F2.T3.T4.T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.F 11.T 12.T 13.F 14.F 15.T 16.F 17.T 18.F 19 T 20.F 21.T 22.F [Ex 2]1. main memory2.RAM3.diskettes/floppy disks; hard disks4.chips5.parity6.expanded,extended7.monochrome 8.cache 9.ROM 10.updated [Ex 3]A. 1.B 2.E 3.C 4.J 5.I 6.H 7.A 8.F 9.G 10.DB. 1.secondary storage 2.buffer 3.access4.code5.diskette6.slots7.terminals8.motherboard9.bytes 10.screen[Ex 4]1.desktop2.software3.animation4.transferred5.sophisticated/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html patible7.cache8.upgrade[Ex 5]1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.T 11.T 12.T 13.T 14.F 15.F 16.T Unit 5[Ex 1]1.T2.F .3.F4.F5.T6.T7.T8.F9.F 10.T 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.T[Ex 2]1.floppy disks2.disk drive3.revolutions4.bits5.megabytes, gigabyte, terabyte6.density7.sectors8.1.44[Ex 3]A. 1.H 2.F 3.E 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.GB. 1.read/write heads 2.read/write heads3.magnetic tape4.index5.disk drivers6.format7.clone8.tracks[Ex 4]1.increment2.spins3.activate4.specification5.magnetize6.overwrite7.contaminated8.mechnism[Ex 5]1.T2.F3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.T 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.T 15.F 16.T 17.F 18.T 19.T 20.T Unit 6 [Ex 1]1.F2.T3.F4.T5.T6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.F 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.F[Ex 2]/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html patible2.hardcopy3.terminal,monitor4.inked ribbon5.line6.Thernal7.Monochrone8.liquid crystal display[Ex 3]A 1.G 2.B 3.I 4.F 5.D 6.H 7.C 8.E 9.J 10.AB 1.printers 2.hard copy 3.CRT 4.hardware5.pixel6.output7.software8.Line printers9.plotters10.graphics[Ex 4]1. are attached /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html patible3.flexible4.mechanism5.perform6.rotate7.transfer8.video[Ex 5]1.T2.T3.T4.T5.T6.F7.T8.F9.F 10.T 11.T 12.F 13.T 14.T 15.T 16.T 17.F 18.TUnit 7[Ex 1]1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F 10.F 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.T 15.T 16.F 17.T 18.T 19.F 20.F [Ex 2] 1.printers, plotters2.graphics3.pins4.pages per minute5.dots per inch6.lines per minute7.non-impact 8.carbon[Ex 3]A. 1.D 2.F 3.B 4.A 5.G .6.E 7.C 8.HB. 1.print wheel 2.Microcomputers 3.ink-jetprinter /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html work 5.noise 6.output device 7.desktop publishing 8.dot-matrix printers[Ex 4]1.installation2.categorized3.image4.ribbon5.monochrome6.physical7.referred to8.dot [Ex 5]1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6.T7.F 8.T9.T 10.F 11.F 12.T 13.T 14.T 15.FUnit 8[Ex 1]1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.T7.F8.T9.F 10.T 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.T 15.F 16.T [Ex 2]1.inputting2.dumb, smart, intelligent3.dumb4.smart5.intelligent6.point-of-sale, automated teller machine7.POS 8.terminals 9.portable 10.moderms 11.transmitted /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html municate [Ex 3]A. 1.G 2.E 3.A 4.F 5.C 6.B 7.H 8.DB. 1display screen 2.programming3.telecommunications4.function keys5.retrive6.minicomputers7.moderm 8.automated/automatic [Ex 4]1.intelligent2.verify3.Programmable4.specialized5.identify6.built-in7.high-volume8.are transmitted[Ex 5]1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.T 11.T 12.F 13.T 14.T Unit 9[Ex 1]1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F 10.F 11.T 12.F 13.T 14.F 15.T 16.T 17.T 18.F[Ex 2]1.channels2.electrical pulses or charges, electromagnetic waves, pulses of light3.telephone lines, coaxial cables, microwave systems, satellites systems, fiber optic cables4.telephone lines/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html works6.atmosphere7.microwave tower8.gigahertz9.digital 10.light[Ex 3]A. 1.B 2.D 3.F 4.G 5.A 6.C 7.E 8.HB. 1.noise 2.trnasmission 3.Fiber optics4.Microwave5.synchronous6.optical media7.Coaxial cable8.digits[Ex 4]/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html municate2.revolves3.detect4.encrypted5.nonconductive6.optical media7.susceptible8.relayed 9.antenna 10.pulses[Ex 5]1.F2.T3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.F9.T 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.T 14.T 15.F 16.T 17.T 19.F 20.T 21.F 22.TUnit 10[Ex 1]1.F2.F .3.F4.T5.T6.F7.T8.F9.T 10.T 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.T 15.T 16.F [Ex 2]1.three-dimensional2.joystick3.transmitter4.frames5.virtual[Ex 3]A. 1.C 2.G 3.D 4.H 5.B 6.F 7.A 8.EB. 1.sensors 2.virtual reality 3.software package 4.host computer 5.joystick6.mouse7.input 8.transmitter[Ex 4]1.Conveying2.responds3.incorporate4.signals5.performance6.mounted7.cumbersome8.insert[Ex 5]1.T2.f3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.T9.F 10.T 11.T 12.T 13.F 14.T 15.T 16.F 17.F 18.F 19.T 20.F 21.F 22.F 23.T 24.T 25.T Unit 11[Ex 1]1.F2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F8.F9.T 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.T 15.T [Ex 2]1.caller2.audio boards3.directory4.clicking5.IRC[Ex 3]A. 1.F 2.A 3.G 4.B 5.H 6.C 7.I 8.D 9.J 10.EB. 1.update 2.hard disks 3.Audio boards4.directory5.menu6.ports7.download8.online9.icon 10.bug[Ex 4]1.fixes2.register3.specify4.created5.remove6.installed7.execute8.to load [Ex 5]1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F6.T7.T8.F9.T 10.F 11.T 12.F 13.T 14.TUnit 12[Ex 1]1.F2.T .3.T4.T .5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F 10.T [Ex 2]/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html pressed 2.specify3.screen4.wide5.attributes6.optional7.directory8.subdirectories9.lowercase 10.wildcards 11.prompt 12.target[Ex 3]A. 1.H 2.D 3.G 4.C 5.F 6.B 7.E 8.AB. 1.execute 2.prompt 3.file 4.format5.backup file/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html pressed 7.parameter8.lowercase[Ex 4]1.is displayed2.archive3.attribute4.default5.subdirectory6.extension7.abbreviated8.lowercase[Ex 5]1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.F 8.T 9.T 10.TUnit 13[Ex 1]1.T2.F .3.F4.T5.T6.T7.T8.F9.T 10.F 11.T 12.F 13.T 14.T 15.T 16.F 17.T 18.F 19.T 20.T [Ex 2]1.executable2.configure3.variables4.download5.double click6.performance7.explorer8.customize 9.log 10.feature[Ex 3]A. 1.A 2.F 3.B 4.G 5.C 6.D 7.E 8.HB. 1.utility program 2.documentation3.spreadsheet/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html piled 5.virus scanner 6.configuraiotn7.features 8.Viruses[Ex 4]1.infect, being detected2.customized3.folders4.optimizes5.highlighted6.reveal7.prompt8.license[Ex 5]1.T2.F3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.F9.F 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.T 14.F 15.F 16.F 17.T 18.T 19.F 20.T Unit 14 [Ex 1]1.T2.F .3.T4.F5.F6.F7.T8.F9.T 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.T 15.T 16.T 17.T 18.T[Ex 2]1.duplicate2.destination3.entries/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html pound, single-entry5.overwrite6.array7.one-dimensional8.two-dimensional 9.arrays, table/.DBF [Ex 3]A. 1.E 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.AB. 1.record 2.backup 3.field 4.tables 5.array [Ex 4]1.duplicate2.specific3.source, destination4.current5.path6.assign7.original8.dialog [Ex 5]1.F2.F3.T4.F5.F6.F7.F8.F9.F 10.F 12.F[Ex 1]1.F2.T3.T4.T5.F6.T7.T8.T9.F 10.F 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.T [Ex 2]1.browse2.sub-directory3.copyrighted4. custom-written5.unzip6.atrribute7.automatically8.decompressed[Ex 3]A. 1.F 2.G 3.H 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.EB. 1.profile 2.batch program/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html work-aware program4.copyright5.browse6.platform7.kit8.zip[Ex 4]1.format/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html unch3.Custom/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html pressed5.unzip6.licensed7.test-run8.page mode [Ex 5]1.T2.F3.T4.F5.F6.F7.T8.F9.F 10.T 11.T 12.T 13.F 14.T 15.F 16.T 17.F 18.F 19.F 20.T 21.F 22.F [Ex 1]1.T2.T3.T4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T 10.F 11.T 12.F[Ex 3]1.entitled2.impractical3.paper4.major5.conveying6.eminet7.suffice8.programming language/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html pilers 10.to lament11.coincide 12.successive[Ex 4]1.stumbled across2.were appalled at3.making4.was leveled5.analogous6.in futility7.confusion 8.is focused on [Ex 5]1.F2.T3.T4.T5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.T。

Unit 4-计算机专业英语(第2版)-邱晓红-清华大学出版社

Unit 4-计算机专业英语(第2版)-邱晓红-清华大学出版社

Unit Four Software Engineering 软件过程Text A Software processes软件过程A software process is a set of activities that leads to the production of a software product.一个软件过程是一组引发软件产品生产的活动。

These activities may involve the development of software from scratch in a standard programming language like Java or C.这些活动刻画了软件使用像Java或C这样的标准编程语言从头开始的一步步的开发过程。

Increasingly, however,new software is developed by extending and modifying existing systems and by configuring and integrating off-the-shelf software or system components.然而,现在越来越多的软件是通过在旧软件基础上修改或通过配置和集成现成软件或系统组件而形成。

Software processes are complex and, like all intellectual and creative processes, rely on people making decisions and judgements.软件过程是复杂的,像所有智力过程一样,它依赖于人的判断。

Because of the need for judgement and creativity, attempts to automate software processes have met with limited success.因而需要判断和创造力,软件过程自动化的尝试只获得了有限的成功。

人工智能专业英语Unit 4

人工智能专业英语Unit 4
3.What do we need to have in order to apply crossover and mutation? A.Selection criteria B.Recombination C.Random changes D.None of the above
Section B: Genetic Algorithms
II. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the text.
1.Which of the following probabilistic operators do we apply in order to generate the next generation of individuals? A.Selection B.Crossover C.Mutation D.All of the above
2.Which of the following is guaranteed? A.The best node (that is, the one with the lowest heuristic value) is always in the middle of the list. B.The best node (that is, the one with the lowest heuristic value) is always at the end of the list. C.The best node (that is, the one with the lowest heuristic value) is always at the beginning of the list. D.None of the above

计算机专业英语Unit04_SectionA_Computer_Program

计算机专业英语Unit04_SectionA_Computer_Program
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Computer Program-Program Development At this point, a special applications program translates the source code into machine language, or object code —a format that the operating system will recognize as a proper program and be able to execute.
Computer Program-Program Development With the text editor, the programmer creates a text file, which is an ordered list of instructions, also called the program source file. The individual instructions that make up the program source file are called source code.
编译程序将使用FORTRAN、C和Pascal等高级编程语言编写的 文本文件一次性从源代码翻译成目标代码。这不同于BASIC等 解释执行的语言所采取的方式,在解释执行的语言中程序是随 解释执行的语言 着每条指令的执行而逐个语句地翻译成目标代码的。
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Computer Program-Program Development
556yyy操作系统管理计算机以及与之相连的各种资源和设备如随机存储器硬盘驱动器监视器键盘打印机和调制解调器以便其他程序可以使用它们
Unit 4 Software Development Section A Computer Program

计算机专业英语 考试词汇

计算机专业英语 考试词汇

第1章Introduction to the Digital Computer数字计算机:digital computer数据处理系统:data processing system程序设计:programming程序语句:statement真空管:vacuum-tube晶体管:transistor电子线路:electronic circuitry集成电路:IC integrated circuit大规模集成电路:LSI large scale integration 或者large scale integrated circuit开关:switch计算:computation变量:variable算法:algorithm信息技术:information technology程序设计语言:programming language数据库:database操作系统:operating system软件工程:software engineering编译程序:compiler编辑程序:editor加法器:adder计数器:counter计算机网络:computer network人机接口:human-computer interface增加:insert删除:delete更新:update检索:retrieval软件:software硬件:hardware外部设备:peripheral输入设备:input unit输出设备:output unit存储器:memory unit中央处理器:CPU central processing unit键盘:keyboard视频显示终端:video display terminal主存储器:main memory辅助存储器:auxiliary memory内部存储器:internal memory外部存储器:external memory 半导体:semiconductor磁鼓:magnetic drum磁盘:magnetic disk磁带:magnetic tape软盘:floppy disk硬盘:hard disk通用计算机:general-purpose computer专用计算机:special-purpose computer算数逻辑单元:ALU arithmetic and logic unit 寄存器:register随机访问存储器:RAM random-access memory只读存储器:ROM read-only memory应用软件:application software系统软件:system software公共总线:common bus时钟脉冲:clock pulse最高有效位:most significant bits最低有效位:least significant bits第2章Basic Digital-Logic Devices逻辑门电路:logic gates微处理器:microprocessor真值表:truth table补码:complement波形:waveform电位:potential运算器:operator组合逻辑:combinatorial logic晶体管晶体管逻辑电路:TTL transistor-transistor logic推拉输出电路:totem-pole output门控锁存器:gated latch选通脉冲:strobe反相器:inverter组合电路:combinational circuit 布尔函数:Boolean function译码器:decoder触发器:flip-flop低电平有效:active-low高电平有效:active-high边沿触发型触发器:edged-triggered flip-flop 凹陷电平、门槛电平:threshold level上升沿:rising edge下降沿:falling edge移位寄存器:shift register双向移位寄存器:bi-directional shift register 并行传送:parallel transfer二进制计数器:binary counter正反馈:positive feedback 负反馈:negative feedback第3章Programming the Computer机器指令:machine instructions二进制代码:binary code八进制代码:octal code十六进制代码:hexadecimal code符号代码:symbolic code汇编程序:assembler编译程序:compiler面向用户的:user-oriented面向问题的:problem-oriented操作数:operand汇编语言指令:assembly language instructions微处理器:microprocessor机器代码:machine code源程序:source code操作码:opcode助记符:mnemonic累加器:accumulator源操作数:source operand目的操作数:destination operand注释:comment寻址方式:addressing mode直接寻址:direct addressing间接寻址:indirect addressing存储器有效地址:EA effective memory address 偏移量:offset索引、变址:index指针寄存器:pointer register变址寄存器:index register基址寄存器:base register基址指针寄存器:base pointer register目的变址寄存器:destination index register 源变址寄存器:source index register精简指令集计算机:RISC reducedinstruction set computer流水线:pipeline结构化语言:structured language程序块结构:block structure块结构语言:block structure language面向问题的程序设计语言:problem orientedprogramming language面向机器的程序设计语言:machine oriented programming language类:class继承:inheritance对象:object人工智能:artificial intelligence封装:encapsulation多态性:polymorphism域名:domain name系统管理员:system administrator第4章The Computer Memory通用计算机:general-purpose computers主存:main memory辅存:auxiliary memory高速缓冲存储器:cache memory随机访问存储器:RAM random accessmemory只读存储器:ROM read-only memory存储单元:memory cell常量:constant数组、矩阵:array可编程只读存储器:PROM programmable read-only memory可擦除可编程只读存储器:EPROM erasable programmable read-only memory电可擦除可编程只读存储器:EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory半导体集成电路:semiconductor integrated circuit电容器:capacitor 放电:discharge引导装入模块:bootstrap loader初始化程序:initial program金属氧化物半导体:MOS metal oxide semiconductor多道程序设计:multiprogramming重定位:relocation软盘:floppy disk磁泡存储器:magnetic bubble memory软扇区磁盘:soft-sectored disk硬扇区磁盘:hard-sectored disk磁道:track柱面:cylinder固件:firmware虚拟地址:virtual address地址空间:address space物理地址:physical address存储空间:memory space磁盘操作系统:DOS disk operating system第5章Input/Output Devices监视器:monitor点距:dot pitch电子枪:electron gun荧光体:phosphor阴极射线管:CRT cathode ray tube分辨率:resolution视频信号:video signal带宽:bandwidth用户手册:owner’s manual软拷贝:softcopy硬拷贝:hardcopy显微胶片:microfilm光栅、扫描线:raster象素:pixel垂直分辨率:vertical resolution水平分辨率:horizontal resolution彩色图形适配器:CGA color graphics adapter增强型图形适配器:EGA extended graphics adapter主板:motherboard位映射图像:bit-mapped graphics字符映射显示:character-mapped display液晶显示器:LCD liquid crystal display 触摸屏:touch panel图标:icon发光二极管:LED light-emitting diode坐标:coordinate打字机:typewriter控制台:console远程终端:remote terminal大写字符:uppercase小写字符:lowercase电阻器:resistor鼠标:mouse光标:cursor鼠标垫:mouse pad计算机辅助设计:CAD computer aided design报文交换:message-switching矩阵:matrix激光打印机:laser printer静电:static electricity非击打式打印机:nonimpact printers桌面排版系统:desktop publishing光学字符识别:optical character recognition 通用串行总线:universal serial bus数码相机:digital camera第6章Software engineering软件工程:software engineering程序流程图:program flowchart高内聚:highly cohesive低耦合:loosely coupled软件过程:software process结构化程序设计:structured programming自顶向下程序设计:top-down design结构化普查:structured walkthroughs第7章Operating System操作系统:operating system低级语言:low level language高级语言:high level language数据结构:data structure目录:directory属性:attribute进程:process栈指针:stack pointer磁芯映像、内存映像:core image图形用户界面:GUI graphical user interface工作站:workstation服务器:server传输控制协议:TCP Transmission Control Protocol网络互联协议:IP Internet Protocol第五章Input/Output Devices光学字符识别:OCR optical character recognition通用串行总线:USB universal serial bus数码相机:digital camera像素:pixel扫描仪:scanner液晶显示器:LCD Liquid Crystal Display第六章Software engineering软件工程:software engineering程序流程图:program flowchart高内聚:highly cohesive低耦合:loosely coupled软件过程:software process结构化程序设计:structured programming自顶向下程序设计:top-down design结构化普查:structured walkthroughs第七章Operating System操作系统:operating system低级语言:low level language高级语言:high level language数据结构:data structure检查和:checksum目录:directory属性:attribute进程:process栈指针:stack pointer磁芯映像、内存映像:core image图形用户界面:GUI graphical user interface工作站:workstation服务器:server传输控制协议:TCP Transmission Control Protocol网络互联协议:IP Internet Protocol快捷键:shortcut key第八章Computer Networks全双工异步通信:full duplex asynchronous communication全双工:full duplex电流:electric current双绞线:twisted pair wiring调制解调器:modem信号损失:signal loss载波:carrier wave调制:modulation解调:demodulation光纤:optical fiber调幅:amplitude modulation调频:frequency modulation同轴电缆:coaxial cable网络接口卡:NIC network interface card帧格式:frame format拨号:dialup呼叫模式:calling mode应答模式:answer mode面向字符的:character-oriented网络分析器:network analyzer载波监听多重访问:CSMA carrier sense with multiple access 令牌环网:token ring network网络流量:network traffic随机模式:promiscuous mode星型拓扑结构:star topology环型拓扑结构:ring topology总线型拓扑结构:bus topology印刷电路板:printed circuit board校验和:checksum中继器:repeater桥接器:bridge交换机:switch集线器:hub路由器:router客户端:client服务器:server域名系统:DNS domain name system电子邮件:E-mail electronic mail第九章Computer Applications标题栏:title bar下拉菜单:pull-down menu菜单条:menu bar工具条:tool bar格式条:format bar快捷键:shortcut key文本区:text area滚动条:scroll bar视图图标:view icon状态栏:status bar工作窗口:active window对话框:dialog box文本框:text box命令按钮:command button列表框:list box单选按钮:radio button复选框:check box关系型数据库:relational database层次型数据库:hierarchical database网状数据库:network database数据库管理系统:DBMS database management system 实体-关系:ER entity-relationship虚拟现实:virtual reality地理信息系统:GIS geographic information system扩展名:extension计算机辅助设计:CAD computer aided design 模型空间:model space纸张空间:paper space工业机器人:industrial robot内置的:built-in传感器:sensor限位开关:limit switch电机启动器:motor starter固态继电器:solid-state relay指示灯:indicator light梯形图程序:ladder program。

计算机专业英语单词

计算机专业英语单词
16.seek time 查询时间
17.track 磁道
18.video disk 视盘
19.airfoil 机翼,螺旋桨
20.airtight 密封的
21.concentric 同圆心的,共轴的
22.consecutive 相邻的,连接的
23.cushion 缓冲气垫
24.eliminate 删去,省略,排除,消除
mand processor 命令处理程序
5.input/output control system or IOCS I/O控制系统
6.operating system 操作系统
7.primitive command 原始命令
8.prompt 提示
9.protocol 协议
10.system software 系统软件
35.mouse 鼠标
36.mundane 现世的,世界的,世俗的
37.medium 介质 media
38.plamsized 手掌大的
39.plotter 绘图仪
40.peripheral 外部(围)的
41.solid 固体的,实心的
42.table 小平板
43.Universal Product Code (UPC) 通用商品代码
3.debug 调试
4.documentation 文档
5.interpreter 解释程序,翻译员
6.library 库
7.load module 装入模块
8.machine language 机器语言
9.maintenance 维护
10.nonprocedural language 非过程语言

unit4专业英语翻译-2

unit4专业英语翻译-2

语法成分的转换
为了突出原句中的定语,可在翻译时将 其转换为谓语或表语。例如: There is a large amount of energy wasted due to the fraction of commutator. 译:换向器引起的摩擦损耗了大量的能量。 Many factors enter into equipment reliability . 译:涉及设备可靠性的因素很多。
专业英语的翻译-2
词性的转换
英语和汉语在语言结构和表达上有很多 不同的特点,科技英语句子中的名词化 结构较多,而谓语动词则只有一个;相 对而言,汉语的一个句子中往往包含有 几个动词;此外汉语中没有英语中的冠 词、关系代词、关系副词、分词、不定 式、动名词等语法成分,因而翻译时就 需要做适当的词性转换处理。
词性的转换
其他的词性转换 Many Western people are religious. 译:西方人很多都是虔诚的教徒。 The unit of weight is the gram,that of length is the meter,and that of capacity is the litre. 译:重量单位是克,长度单位是米,容 量单位是升。
词性的转换
2、介词在很多情况下,尤其是在构成状语时, 往往可译成汉语的动词。例如: Noise factor is minimized by a parameter amplifier. 采用参数放大器,即可将噪声系数减至最低。 Power is needed to stall the armature against inertia. 为使电枢克服惯性而制动,就需要一定的能量。 The company has advertised in the newspaper for electronics experts. 译:公司在报上登广告招聘电子方面的专家

计算机专业英语的第四版课后习题翻译

计算机专业英语的第四版课后习题翻译

中译英参考答案Unit 1A computer system consists of hardware system and software system. The hardware of the computer is usually divided into three major parts or three primary subsystems: the CPU, the memory subsystem, and the I/O subsystem.The CPU performs many operations and controls computer. The memory subsystem is used to store program being executed by the CPU, along with the program’s data. The I/O subsystem allows the CPU to interact with input and output devices such as the keyboard and monitor of a personal computer. The components of the computer are connected to the buses.The part of the computer that performs the bulk of data processing operations is called the central processing unit and is referred to as the CPU. In microcomputer, it is often called the microprocessor. The CPU is made up of three major parts: control unit, ALU, and register set.Memory is also known as internal memory or main memory. It refers to the circuits in the computer that hold whatever programs and data are available for immediate use by the CPU.I/O subsystem includes I/O devices and interface. There are a wide variety of I/O devices, such as mouse, printer, sensor, disk, and so on. Input-output interface provides a method for transferring information between internal storage and external I/O devices. Peripherals connected to a computer need special communication links for interfacing them with the CPU. The purpose of the communication link is to resolve the differences that exist between the central computer and each peripheral.Unit 2Storage hardware provides permanent storage of information and programs for retrieval by the computer. Hard disk drives store information in magnetic particles embedded in a disk. Usually a permanent part of the computer, hard disk drives can store large amounts of information and retrieve that information very quickly.Although fixed hard drive systems offer faster access and have a higher storage capacity than optical discs, optical disc systems use removable media –a distinct benefit. Optical discs –primary CDs and DVDs – are much more widely used than removable hard drive systems. They are the standard today for software delivery, as well as commonly used for storing high-capacity music and video files. There are also versions of both CD and DVD drives available for home audio and home theater use. Optical discs are commonly referred to as compact discs.CD and DVD discs are read by CD and DVD drives. The speed of a CD or DVD drive is rated as 24x, 32x, 36x, and so on. These labels describe how fast the drive is compared to the first version of that drive. For example, a 36x drive is 36 times the speed of the baseline unit that was originally manufactured. Most optical discs have a title and other text printed only on one side and they are inserted into the drive with the printed side facing up. When inserting such a CD or DVD, be careful not to get dirt, fingerprints, scratches, or anything else that might hinder light reflectivity on the disc’s surface.Unit 3(a) A program is a list of instructions or statements for directing the computer to perform arequired data processing task. Programming is a multistep process for creating that list of instructions.(b) It is important to understand the difference between a class and an object of that class. A class is simply a specification for creating objects. Thus, a single class may create multiple objects.(c) Java is an object-oriented, network-friendly high-lever programming language that allows programmers to build applications that can run on almost any operating system.(d) ActiveX is a set of controls, or reusable components that enables programs or content of almost any type to be embedded within a Web page. Whereas a Java must be downloaded each time you visit a Web site, with ActiveX the component is downloaded only once, then stored on your hard disk for later, repeated use.(e) Programming involves a great deal of creativity. The design is guide to the function or purpose of each component, but the programmer has great flexibility in implementing the design as code. No matter what language is used, each program component involves at least three major aspects: control structures, algorithms, and data structures.Unit 4The software system can be divided into two broad categories: application software and system software. Application software consists of the program for performing tasks particular to the machine’s utilization. In contrast to application software, system software comprises a large number of programs. These programs start up the computer and function as the principle coordinator of all hardware components and application software. Without system software loaded into RAM of your computer, your hardware and application software are useless.System software can be grouped into three basic parts: operating system, utility software, and language translators. The majority of an installation’s utility software consists of programs for performing activities that are fundamental to computer installations yet not included in the operating system. In a sense, utility software consists of software units that extend the capabilities of the operating system.A computer’s OS is the main collection of programs that manage its activities. The primary chores of an OS are management and control. The OS ensures that all actions requested by a user are valid and processed in an orderly fashion. It also manages the computer system’s resources to perform these operations with efficiency and consistency.Application software is the software designed to help you solve problems specific to business or perform specific business tasks. Application software then is the layer of software closest to you. Basically, there are four categories of application software: productivity software, business and specialty software, entertainment software and education/reference software.Unit 5A computer network is often classified as being either a local area network (LAN), a metropolitan area network (WAN), or a wide area network (WAN). The connection of two or more networks is called an internetwork. The worldwide Internet is a well-known example of an internetwork.LANs are privately owned networks within a single building or campus of up to a few kilometers in size. They are widely used to connect personal computers and workstations incompany offices and factories to share resources and exchange information.In general, a given LAN will use only one type of transmission medium. Various topologies are possible for LANs. The most common LAN topologies are bus, ring and star.A MAN is basically a bigger version of a LAN and normally uses similar technology. MAN is designed to extend over an entire city. It may be a single network such as a cable television network, or it may be a means of connecting a number of LANs into a large network so that resources may be shared LAN-to-LAN as well as device-to-device. For example, a company can use a MAN to connect the LANs in all of its offices throughout a city.A W AN spans a large geographical area that may comprise a country, a continent, or even the world. It provides long-distance transmission of data, voice, image, and video information over large geographical area.In contrast to LANs, W ANs may utilize public leased, or private communication devices, usually in combinations, and can therefore span an unlimited number of miles.Unit 6Transmission media are used to transfer messages over a network. For instance, the transmission media used in a network may be a privately owned set of cables, the public phone lines, or a satellite system. Transmission media can either be wired or wireless.The three types of wired media most commonly used to carry messages are twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cable. One of the most successful developments in transmission media in recent years has been fiber optics. Fiber-optic cable is commonly used for the high-speed backbone lines of a network, or for Internet infrastructure.Wireless transmission media have become especially popular in recent years. They support communications in situations in which physical wiring is impractical or inconvenient, as well as facilitate mobility. Wireless media are commonly used to connect devices to a network, to share information between computers, to connect wireless mice to a computer, and for handheld PCs, wireless phones, and other mobile devices. Radio signals transferred through the air are the heart of most types of wireless media. In addition to conventional broadcast radio application, the microwave, cellular, and satellite transmission media also use radio signals to transmit data.Radio transmissions require the use of a transmitter to send the radio signals through the air.A receiver (usually containing some type of antenna) accepts the date at the other end. When a device functions as both a receiver and transmitter, it is commonly called a transceiver or transmitter-receiver.Unit 7(a) Since many database systems users are not computer trained, developers hide the complexity from users through several levels of abstraction, to simplify user’s interactions with the system: physical level, logical level, and view level.(b) A database schema is specified by a set of definitions expressed by a special language called a data-definition language (DDL). The result of compilation of DDL statements is a set of tables that is stored in a special file called data dictionary, or data directory.(c) The structured query language (SQL) is the most widely used and standard query language for relational database management systems. It is a kind of non-procedural language.(d) An entity is a “thing”or “object”in the real world that is distinguishable from otherobjects. For example, each person is an entity, and bank accounts can be considered to be entities. Entities are described in a database by a set of attributes.(e) Data warehouse is one of the newest and hottest buzzwords and concepts in the IT field and the business environment. A data warehouse is a logical collection of information——gathered from many different operational databases——that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks.Unit 8Animation is the term used to describe a series of graphical images that are displayed one after the other to simulate movement. Cartoons on television are one example of animation.Video differs from animation in that it usually begins as a continuous stream of visual information that is broken into separate images or frames when the video is recorded. When the frames are projected—typically at a rate of 30 frames per second—the effect is a smooth reconstruction of the original continuous stream of information. As you might imagine, at 30 frames per second, the amount of data involved in displaying a video during a multimedia presentation can require a substantial amount of storage space. Consequently, video data—like audio data—is often compressed. A variety of compression standards exist. Some of the most common video file formats are .avi, .mpeg, .mov, .rm.For multimedia presentation, video may be recorded using a standard (analog) video camera and then converted to digital form as it is input into a computer. Alternatively, the film can be recording digitally using a digital video camera. Streaming video is frequently used on Web pages to reduce file size. Similar to streaming audio, Streaming video files can begin playing once a portion of the video has been downloaded.Unit 9(a) AI is currently being applied in business in the form of knowledge systems, which use human knowledge to solve problems. The most popular type of knowledge-based system is the expert system. An expert system is a computer program that attempts to represent the knowledge of human experts in the form of heuristics. The term heuristic is derived from the same Greek root as the word eureka, which means “to discover”.(b) The user interface enables the manager to enter instructions and information into the expert system and to receive information from it. The instructions specify the parameters that guide the expert system through its reasoning processing. The information is in the form of values assigned to certain variables.(c) The knowledge base contains both facts that describe the problem area and knowledge representation techniques that describe how the facts fit together in a logical manner. The term problem domain is used to describe the problem area.(d) An expert system, also called a knowledge-based system, is an artificial intelligence system that applies reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion. Expert systems are excellent for diagnostic and prescriptive problems.(e) The DSS is not intended to replace the manager. The computer can be applied to the structured portion of the problem, but the manager is responsible for the unstructured portion——applying judgment or intuition and conducting analyses.Unit 10The linked list (see figure 1) consists of a series of nodes, which are not necessarily adjacent in memory. Each node contains the element and a link to a node containing its successor. We call this the next link. The last cell’s next link references null.To execute printList or find(x) we merely start at the first node in the list and then traverse the list by following the next links. This operation is clearly linear-time, as in the array implementation, although the constant is likely to be larger than if an array implementation were used. The findKth operation is no longer quite as efficient as an array implementation; findKth(i) takes O(i) time and works by traversing down the list in the obvious manner. In practice, this bound is pessimistic, because frequently the calls to findKth are in sorted order (by i). As an example, findKth(2), findKth(3), findKth(4), and findKth(6) can all be executed in one scan down the list.The remove method can be executed in one next reference change. Figure 2 shows the result of deleting the second element in the original list.The insert method requires obtaining a new node from the system by using a new call and then executing two reference maneuvers. The general idea is shown in figure 3. The dashed line represents the old next reference.figure 1figure 2figure 3Unit 11(a) A set is pure if all of its members are sets, all members of its members are sets, and so on. For example, the set containing only the empty set is a nonempty pure set.(b) A language is a describable set of finite strings, drawn from a fixed alphabet. A grammar is one way to "describe" the language. The grammar consists of a finite list of rules, where each rule replaces one substring with another. The string on the left must contain at least one nonterminal. The first string "produces" or "generates" the second. Thus a rule is also called a production.(c) A finite-state machine (FSM) or finite-state automaton(FA)is a mathematical abstraction sometimes used to design digital logic or computer programs. It is a behavior model composed of a finite number of states, transitions between those states, and actions, similar to a flow graph in which one can inspect the way logic runs when certain conditions are met.(d) Sometimes it is inconvenient or impossible to describe a set by listing all of its elements. Another useful way to define a set is by specifying a property that the elements of the set have in common. The notation P(x) is used to denote a sentence or statement P concerning the variable object x. The set defined by P(x) written {x | P(x)}, is just a collection of all the objects for whichP is true.Unit 12(a) Because drawings are typically displayed in 3D, CAD is especially helpful in designing automobiles, aircraft, ships, buildings, electrical circuits (including computer chips), and even clothing.(b) Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) is the manufacturing approach of using computers to control the entire production process. This integration allows individual processes to exchange information with each other and initiate actions. Through the integration of computers, manufacturing can be faster and less error-prone, although the main advantage is the ability to create automated manufacturing processes.(c) In addition to supporting decision making, coordination, and control, information system may also help managers and workers analyze problems, visualize complex subjects, and create new products.(d) Knowing the history and evolution of ERP is essential to understanding its current application and its future developments.(e) In addition to monitoring operational activities such as tracking the status of orders and inventory levels, enterprise system also improve organization-wide reporting and decision making.Unit 13(a) There are a wide variety of educational application programs available. Educational software is designed to teach one or more skills, such as reading, math, spelling, a foreign language, world geography, or to help prepare for standardized tests.(b) Electronic business (e-business) is the use of information technology and electronic communication networks to exchange business information and conduct transactions in electronic, paperless form.(c) Word processing software allows you to use computers to create, edit, store, and print documents. You can easily insert, delete, and move words, sentences, and paragraphs——without ever using an eraser.(d) What is a spreadsheet? Spreadsheet software takes its name from the accountant’s columnar worksheet, which it imitates. A spreadsheet is a worksheet consisting of a collection of cells formed by the intersection of rows and columns. Each cell can store one piece of information: a number, word or phrase, or formula.Unit 14(a) A geographic information system (GIS) is a system that captures, stores, analyzes, manages and presents data with reference to geographic location data. In the simplest terms, GIS is the merging of cartography, statistical analysis and database technology.(b) The GPS receiver uses the messages it receives to determine the transit time of each message and computes the distance to each satellite. These distances along with the satellites' locations are used to compute the position of the receiver. This position is then displayed, perhaps with a moving map display or latitude and longitude; elevation information may be included.(c) Virtual reality (VR) is a term that applies to computer-simulated environments that can simulate physical presence in the real world. Most current virtual reality environments areprimarily visual experiences, displayed either on a computer screen or through special stereoscopic displays, but some simulations include additional sensory information, such as sound through speakers or headphones.Unit 15(a) The software development process is sometimes called the software development life cycle (SDLC), because it describes the life of a software product from its conception to its implementation, delivery, use, and maintenance.(b) How can the CMM help your organization? There are three key roles the CMM plays. First, the CMM helps build an understanding of software process by describing the practices that contribute to a level of process maturity. The second role of the CMM is to provide a consistent basis for conducting appraisals of software processes. The CMM’s third key role is to serve as a blueprint for software process improvement.(c) The UML offers a standard way to write a system’s blueprints, including conceptual things such as business processes and system functions as well as concrete things such as programming language statements, database schemas, and reusable software components. The UML represents a collection of the best engineering practices that have proven successful in the modeling of large and complex systems.(d) Object modeling is a technique for identifying objects within the system environment and the relationships between those objects. The object-oriented approach to system development is based on several concepts, such as object, attribute, behavior, encapsulation, class, inheritance, polymorphism, persistence, etc.Unit 16“Security” is an all-encompassing term that describes all the concepts, techniques, and technologies to protect information from unauthorized access. There are several requirements for information security.Confidentiality: hiding data, usually with encryption, to prevent unauthorized viewing and access.Authenticity: the ability to know that the person or system you are communicating with is who or what you think it is.Access control: once a person or system has been authenticated, their ability to access data and use systems is determined by access controls.Data integrity: providing assurance that an information system or data is genuine.Availability: making sure that information is available to users in a secure way.To prevent unauthorized access, some type of identification procedure must be used. These vary from passwords to physical access object (access cards, etc.) to biometric devices that verify some type of personal characteristic, such as a fingerprint.Some of the most secure access control systems address both identification and authentication. Identification involves verifying that the person’s name or other identifying feature is listed as an authorized user; authentication refers to determining whether or not the person is actually who he or she claims to be.Unit 17A distributed system is a collection of independent computers which appear to the users of system as a single computer. Nearly all large software systems are distributed. For example, enterprise-wide business systems must support multiple users running common applications across different sites.A distributed system encompasses a variety of applications, their underlying support software, the hardware they run on, and the communication links connecting the distributed hardware. The largest and best-known distributed system is the set of computers, software, and services comprising the World Wide Web, which is so pervasive that it coexists with and connects to most other existing distributed systems. The most common distributed systems are networked client/server systems. Distributed systems share the general properties described below.●Multiple nodes●Message passing or communication●Resource sharing●Decentralized control●Concurrency or parallelism●Fault tolerance●Heterogeneity●OpennessDistributed systems have many inherent advantages, especially over centralized systems. Some applications are inherent distributed as well. In general, distributed systems:●Yield higher performance●Allow incremental growth●Allow one user to run a program on many different machines in parallel●Provide higher reliability。

计算机专业英语词汇

计算机专业英语词汇

计算机专业英语词汇计算机专业英语主要涉及到计算机原理、操作系统、数据结构、算法、软件工程、网络技术、数据库技术、人工智能等方面的知识。

下面是一些常用的计算机专业英语词汇:一、计算机原理1. computer architecture 计算机体系结构2. central processing unit (CPU) 中央处理器3. random access memory (RAM) 随机存取存储器4. read-only memory (ROM) 只读存储器5. input/output (I/O) input/output 输入输出6. software 软件7. hardware 硬件8. operating system (OS) 操作系统9. binary code 二进制码10. processor 处理器二、操作系统1. file system 文件系统2. kernel 内核3. process 进程4. thread 线程5. memory management 内存管理6. virtual memory 虚拟内存7. disk management 磁盘管理8. device drivers 设备驱动程序9. system calls 系统调用10. interrupt 中断三、数据结构和算法1. algorithm 算法2. data structure 数据结构3. array 数组4. stack 栈5. queue 队列6. linked list 链表7. binary tree 二叉树8. search algorithm 查找算法9. sorting algorithm 排序算法10. recursion 递归四、软件工程1. software engineering 软件工程2. project management 项目管理3. software design 软件设计4. software testing 软件测试5. software documentation 软件文档6. object-oriented programming (OOP) 面向对象编程7. agile development 敏捷开发8. code review 代码审查9. software maintenance 软件维护10. software quality assurance 软件质量保障五、网络技术1. computer network 计算机网络2. local area network (LAN) 局域网3. wide area network (WAN) 广域网4. internet 互联网5. World Wide Web (WWW) 万维网6. transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) 传输控制协议/网际协议7. router 路由器8. switch 交换机9. firewall 防火墙10. wireless network 无线网络六、数据库技术1. database 数据库2. relational database 关系数据库3. SQL (Structured Query Language) 结构化查询语言4. database management system (DBMS) 数据库管理系统5. data mining 数据挖掘6. data warehousing 数据仓库7. backup and recovery 备份和恢复8. transaction processing system (TPS) 事务处理系统9. normalization 数据库规范化10. indexing 索引七、人工智能1. artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能2. machine learning 机器学习3. deep learning 深度学习4. neural network 神经网络5. natural language processing (NLP) 自然语言处理6. expert systems 专家系统7. decision support systems (DSS) 决策支持系统8. robotics 机器人技术9. computer vision 计算机视觉10. cognitive computing 认知计算以上是一些常用的计算机专业英语词汇,掌握这些词汇可以帮助学生更好地理解计算机领域的技术和知识,也有助于提高英语应用能力。

计算机专业英语单词

计算机专业英语单词

计算机专业英语单词**Unit 1 the development of computer technologyApprentice学徒n. Numerical数字的a. Integrator积分器n.Installation安装n. Semiconductor半导体n. Numerical数字的a. Share份额n.Mainframe主机n. House给…提供住房v. Stride进步n.Component元件n. Chip芯片n.Miniature微小化v. Circuit电路n.Kit一套n.Hurdle困难n.Simplify简化v.Drop-out辍学n.Fledgling刚刚起步的a. Unprecedented前所未有的a. Spreadsheet电子表格n. Automate自动化v. Band结合v.(与together连用)Novice初学者n.Abruptly突然地ad. Dub配制v.Prestige声望n.Fad时尚n.Retrieve检索v.Legitimate合法的a.**unit 2 computer systemComponent构建n. Calculation预料n. Payroll工资单n. Balance平衡vt. Chequebook账本n. Vary变化v.Diagram图解,图表n. Motherboard主板n. Memory内存n.Storage存储n.Data数据n.Process处理v. 处理过程n. Megabyte兆字节n. Floppy软盘n.Permanent永久性的a. Character字符n.Removable可移动的a. Command指令n.Keyboard键盘n.Remote遥控的a.Monitor监控器,显示器n. Display显示v.Text文本n.Graphical图表的a. Image图像n.Screen屏幕n.Feature(以…为)特征v. Resolution 分辨率n. Co-ordinate坐标n. Refresh刷新v.Specify列举v.Flicker闪烁v.Mouse鼠标n.Invert倒转v.Trackball轨迹球n. Button按钮n.Update改动v.Movement位移n.Printer打印机n.Available可用的a. Modem(modulator/demodulator)调制解调器n.Via通过,以…为媒介prep.**Unit 3 floppy drivesFloppy软磁盘 n. Drive驱动器n.Head磁头n.Diskette磁盘n.Mechanism机械装备,机械作用n.Actuator拖动装置n. Erasure删除n.Minimal最小的a.Spindle主轴n.Torque扭矩n.Compensation补偿,调整n. Sticky粘性的a.Slippery表面光滑的a. Strobe测速仪n.Fluorescent发光的a. Rim轮缘n.Wagon运货车n.Interface接口,界面n. Faceplate面板n. Ribbon丝带n.Weird奇异的a.Daisy菊花链n.Configuration配置n. Configure排列v. Jumper跳线(插座)n. Terminate 终止n. Terminator终端器n. Termination终端器装置n. Echo反射信号n.Resistor电阻器n. Solder焊接v.**unit 4 unx operating systemOverview概论n.Flavor流行,味道n. Hierarchical分层a. Portability轻便n. Kernel内核n.Assembler汇编语言n. Debugger排除故障n. Compiler程序编制器n. Outline概要n.Enforce执行v.Prompt提示,提问n. Time-slicing时间片n. Interval间歇n.Restore恢复v.Remainder余数n. Reside保存v.Swap交换v.Shuttle往复运动v.Degrade降低v.Type打字v.thrash反复地做v.priority优先n.dynamically动态地,高性能的ad.multitasking多任务n. foreground前台,前述事项n. background后台n ampersand符号&(and)n.**unit 5 programming languageSyntax句法n.Punctuation标点n.Execute运行vt.Dumb呆板的a.ManiSequence顺序n. Incorporate结合,吸收vt. Abstract使…抽象化,提取vt. Variable变量n.Constant常数n.Troubleshoot故障寻找v. Assembler汇编语言n. Parameter参数n.Numerical数字的a.Access接近,存取,访问n. Routine惯例n.Compiler自动编码器,编译程序n.Interpreter解释器n. Devise设计,制定v. Underlie成为…的基础v. Streamline做成流线型v. String字符串n.Matrix矩阵n.Facilitate促进v.Icon图标n.Simulate模仿v.Random随机的a.Procedural程序性a. Cyclical循环的a.Footnote注脚n.Script脚本v.Library库n.Function函数,功能n.Segment部分n.Inherit继承v.Spark使闪耀,激励v. Spectrum范围,幅度n.**unit 6 computer application office solutionRecipe秘诀n.Compatible兼容a. Archive存档v.Resolution分辨率n. Pixel像素n.Pitch斜度n.Dock连接v.Serial串行的a.Port端口n.Plug-in插入n.Peripheral外围的a. Interpolate改写v. Duplexing双向的a. Collate 整理v.Staple钉住v.Cropping剪切方法n. Audit查账n./v. Implement实施v. Surge浪涌n./v.** unit 7 A new officeVersion版本n.Suite组件n.Productivity生产力n. Application应用程序n. Betaβ软件测试版本n. Bill宣布v.Ambitious有抱负的a. Release发表v./n. Steer使…朝向…v. Integration 结合n. Unveil新发售v. Initiative率先,提倡n. Sweeping彻底的a. Collaboration合作n. Recognition识别n.Native本机的a.Component组件n.Linchpin关键,中心点n. Move提议,步骤n. Repository资料库n. Pivot要点n.Chart图表n.Integrate结合v.Quote报价n.Ticker股票行情自动收录机n.Workflow工作流程n. Upcoming即将到来的a. Interval间隔n.Say(插于句中)例如v. Personalize使…个性化v. Interactive交互的a. Miscellaneous杂货的,其他的a.Deployment展开n. Routine例行程序n. Tally计算,符合v. Conjunction 结合n.**unit 8 Introduction to browsersBrowser浏览器n.Transfer转移v.Layout布局,装配图n. Hypertext超文本n. Tutorial辅导n.Cursor光标n.Abbreviate缩写v. Format格式n.Access存取,访问n. Session会话n.Rescue营救v.Randomly随机的ad. Navigation导航n. Image图片n.Intuitive直观的a. respectively分别ad. Default默认n.Clickable可点击的a.**unit 9 MultimediaEssentially本质上ad. Integration集成n. Audio音频的a.Static静止的a.Animation动画片n. Capability能力,性能n. Convert变换v.In-line内部的a.Graphics图形n.Conversion转换n.External外部的a.Flexible灵活a.Tailor使适应v.Configure使成型,设置v. Setting环境,领域n. Platform平台n.Native内部的a.Installation装置n. Availability有效,可利用n. Synchronize同步化v. Extension扩展名,辅助设备n.Virtual虚拟的,实际上的a. Originate发起,创办v. Synchronization同步n. Plu** unit 10 local area networkGateway网关n.Formatting格式化n. Backspace后移n.Keystroke击键n.Update使现代化,修改v. Buffer缓冲n.Flexibility灵活性n. Interface界面,接口n. Protocol协议,草药n. Workstation工作站n. Attribute属性,特征n. Vector矢量n.Stand-alone独立的a. Console控制台n.Node节点n.Mainframe主机n.Computational计算的a. Mundane世俗的a.Intense强烈的,高度的a. Router路由器n.Evolve进化v.Forward促进,转交,发送v. Monitor监视,检验v. Traffic通行n.Hierarchical分层的a. Administrator管理人员n. Invisible不可见的a. Elsewhere在别处ad.** unit 11what is the internetInterconnect使相互连接v. Surf冲浪v.Bookmark书签n.Brokerage佣金n.Site网站n.Resume简历n.Pornographic色情的a. Filter过滤v.Evaluate评价v.Praise提出v.Hallow视为神圣v.Database数据库n.Specify指定,详记v. Keyword关键字n.Facility设施,工具n. Ala按… prep.Acronym首字母缩写词n. Newsgroup新闻组n.Forums论坛会n.Target目标n.Index索引n.Bury隐藏,埋葬v.Somewhere在附近,在某处ad. Cyberspace网络空间n. Stuff材料,资料n. Bill账单n.** unit 12 electronic data interchangeEquivalent相等物n.Procurement取得,造成n. Process活动,作用,步骤n. Facilitate推进v. Hitherto迄今ad.Architecture组织,建筑学n. Transmit传送v.Dispatch派送v.Compliance屈服n.Explicit明确的a.Moderately适中的ad. Sophisticated复杂的a. Infrastructure基础n. Retention保持n.Participant参与者n. Implement贯彻,完成v. Advantageous有利的a. Inventory存货n.Distribution分配,销售n. Automate使自动化v.Rationalize使合理化v. Catalyst催化剂n.Boundary边界n.Commence开始,倡导v. Cocomitant伴随a./伴随情况n. Coordinate协调v.Incompatible不能并立adj. Address委托,解决v. Transcription抄写,翻译n. Incidence发生,影响范围n. Transaction交易,业务n.** unit 13 beginners guide to ecommerceMug抢劫v.Interchangeably互换的ad. Issue发布v.Anonymous匿名的a.Transaction买卖n.Merchant商人n.Identity身份n.Merchandise商品n.Indorse=endorse签名v. Encode把…编码v.Cybercash=e-money=emoney电子货币n.Encrypt把…加密v. Receipt收据,接受n. Credit信誉n.Initiate开始v.Transfer移动n.Bond债券n.Corporate共同的a. Ship输送v.Format版式n.Broker经纪人n.Account账目n.Offset抵消v.Template样板模式n. Insurmountable不可逾越的a.Retailer零售商n. Expire到期v.Notify通知v.Transpire发生v. Fraud欺诈n.Lease租用v.Alternative选择n. Access存取v.Ascertain确定v. Legitimate合法的a. Leery多疑的a.Contest对…提出异议v. Chargeback退款n. Expense开支n.Would-be未来的a. Typically向来,普通ad. Stringent严格Eligibility 合格,候选资格n.** unit 14 virusReplicate复制v. Halt停止n.Transmit传播v.Security安全n.Infection感染n. Mechanism机制n. Intrigue激起(sb.的)好奇心v.Payload荷载n.Trigger引发n./v.Overwrite修改v. Sector扇区n.Random随机n.Unresponsive未反应的a. Flash快速n.Bootstrap引导(程序)n. Ultraviolet紫外线n. Dedicated专用的a. Executable可执行的a. Stub片断n.Object对象nFunction函数n.Align排队n.Even偶数的a.Alignment排队n. Chunk块n.Slack闲散的a.Variant变量n.Peculiarity独特性n. Linker连接器n.Fragment碎片n.Allocate分配v.Crucial关键的a. Deem认为v.Hook占用n./v. Interrupt中断n. Descriptor描述n. Privilege特权n. Handler管理器n. Alter改变v.**useful phrases词组Make great/rapid strides 取得很大进步In the form of以…形式 At the rate of以…速度 Be accustomed to习惯于 A matter of大约All levels of各行各业的 A number of许多Be made up of由…构成 Depend upon取决于Be concerned about关心,涉及Refer to称为Take away取下,拿走Up to直到Be locate in/on位于Dial up拨号Associate with与…联合 In addition to此外…还有 Attach to把…附在Be measured in以…为衡量单位 Coat with镀以…For this reason因此Serve as充当Distinct form截然不同 Confuse A with B把A和B相混淆Trick…into哄骗For the most part大部分 Build in插入Equip…with装备In short总之Derive…form由…而来 In total总计,全体A set of一套Carry on继续进行Present sb. With sth.把sth.送给sb.Interact with与…相互作用 Be similar to与…相似 Consist of由…构成Divide…by以…来除Give access to得到,到达,准许出入Be adapted to适应于On the fly匆忙地Be restricted with把…看做一致 Be restricted to仅限 Plug in(可分开用)接上插头通电 By comparison相比之下 Take over接管,占领Sit back放松,休息Take…off除去,跃起By the name of名叫…的 Call for呼吁Build in内建Function as作为…而起作用 Integrate with与…结合 At timed intervals定期的 Beef up加强In conjunction with与…结合 Be similar to与…相似 Figure out算出,解决 Correspond to与…一致 Be likely(unlikely)to/that可能(不可能)发生某事Set up安装Distinguish…form…区分 In doubt拿不准A variety of各种各样的 Plug in接上插头通电 By comparison相比之下Take over接管,占领 Sit back放松Take…off除去,跃起 By the name of名字叫…的 Call for呼叫,要Build in内建Function as作为…而起作用 Integrate with与…结合 At timed intervals定期 Beef up加强In conjunction with与…结合 Be similar to与…相似 Figure out算出Correspond to与…一致 Be likely(unlikely)to/that可能(不可能)发生sth.Set up安Distinguish…from…区分In doubt拿不准A variety of各种各样的 Deal with处理,论谈 Tailor to使适应…的需要Choose to愿意Be concerned with牵涉 In term of就…来说Relieve…from减轻,解除Range from…to从…到…不等 Log in注册,进入In turn依次Split…into分成All over到处Click on单击Start out起始于Communicate with与…通信 Compare with与…相比Contrast with与…对照Together with连同,和…一道 Lead to导致A range of范围Result in导致Be every bit as和…完全一样 Specialize in专门从事…As opposed to相比之下Have difficulty/trouble(in)doing…做sth.有困难End up结束Be capable of能够Consist of由…组成Meet the condition of满足…的条件 Over and over again一再地,反复地Bring to使人复生/恢复知觉 At the end of在…结束Apart from除…之外。

电子信息类专业英语Unit 4 Microelectronics

电子信息类专业英语Unit 4 Microelectronics
减小功率损耗是非常重要的, 其方法是将一个复杂的电 子线路集成为一小块。 这使得释放电路工作时产生的热量 变成一个难题。
·The problem of...may then be a difficult one. 文中的one 表示强调这个问题, 这种句式在科技英语中常被使用。
·extracting the heat 为释放热量的意思, extract的本意为 “抽出, 剥离”。 在电子线路中, 器件工作均会产生热量, 如 果不能及时散热, 器件就不能稳定工作。
Unit 4 Microelectronics
Unit 4 Microelectronics
Unit 4 Microelectronics
Unit 4 Microelectronics
Unit 4 Microelectronics
Integrated circuits are also classified according to their functions. Digital or logical IC are used as switches, they are either on or off. In computers the on and off states correspond to 0 or 1. Other IC is called linear or analog IC.[1] Integrated circuits can be produced using either bipolar or unique polar transistors. Field effect transistors (FET) have a advantages over bipolar transistors in many cases however. They are relatively high-impedance devices, with a corresponding reduction in current and power dissipation, and yet have high power gain. The reduction in power dissipation is particularly important where a complex circuit is to be concentrated into a small space. The problem of extracting the heat generated in the circuit may then be a difficult one.[2] The form of construction of the FET, and particularly the MOSFET, also lends itself well to integrated circuit fabrication, and enables resistors and capacitors to be included readily in the integrated circuit.

计算机专业英语第二版课后翻译答案

计算机专业英语第二版课后翻译答案

Unite 1Section A: 1、artificial intelligence 人工智能2、paper-tape reader 纸带阅读器3、Optical computer 光学计算机4、Neural network 神经网络5、Instruction set 指令集6、Parallel processing 并行处理器7、Difference engine差分机8、Versatile logical element 多用途逻辑元件9、Silicon substrate 硅衬底10、Vaccum tube 真空管11、数据的存储与管理the storage and management of data12、超大规模集成电路large-scale integrated circuit13、中央处理器central processing unit14、个人计算机personal computer15、模拟计算机analog computer16、数字计算机digital computer17、通用计算机general purpose computer18、处理器芯片processor chip19、操作指令operating instructions20、输入设备input devicesSection B1、artificial neural network 人工智能神经网络2、Computer architecture 计算机体系结构3、Robust computer program 健壮的计算机程序4、Human-computer interface 人机接口5、Knowledge representation 知识代表6、数值分析numerical analysis7、程序设计环境programming environment8、数据结构data structure9、存储和检索信息store and retrieve information10、虚拟现实virtual realityUnit 2Section A:1、function key 功能键2、V oice recognition module 声音识别调制器3、Touch-sensitive region 触敏扫描仪4、Address bus 地址总线5、Flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪6、Dot-matrix printer 矩阵式打印机7、Parallel connection 并行连接8、Cathode ray tube 阴极射线管9、Video game 电子游戏10、Audio signal 音频信号11、操作系统operating system12、液晶显示liquid crystal display13、喷墨打印机inkjet printer14、数据总线data bus15、串行连接serial connection16、易失性存储器volatile memory17、激光打印机laser printer18、磁盘存储器floppy disc19、基本输入输出系统basic input/output system20、视频显示器video displaySection B:1、interrupt handler 中断处理程序2、Virtual memory 虚拟内存3、Context switch 上下文转换4、Main memory 主存5、Bit pattern 位模式6、外围设备peripheral device7、进程表process table8、时间片time slice9、图形用户界面graphics user interface10、海量存储器mass storageUnit 3Section A:1、storage register 存储寄存器2、Function statement 函数语句3、Program statement 程序语句4、Object-oriented language 面向对象语言5、Assembly language 汇编语言6、Intermediate language 中间语言7、Relational language 关系语言8、Artificial language 人工语言9、Data declaration 数据声明10、SQL 结构化查询语言11、可执行程序executable program12、程序模块program module13、条件语句conditional statement14、赋值语句assignment statement15、逻辑语言logic statement16、机器语言machine language17、函数式语言functional language18、程序设计语言programming language19、运行计算机程序run a omputer program20、计算机程序员computer programmerSection B1、native code 本机代码2、Header file 头文件3、Multithreaded program 多线程程序4、Java-enabled browser 支持Java的浏览器5、Mallicious code6、机器码machine code7、汇编码assembly code8、特洛伊木马程序trojan9、软件包software package10、类层次class hierarchyUnit 4Section A1、inference engine 推理机2、System call 系统调用3、Compiled language 编译执行的语言4、Parellel computing 并行计算5、Pattern matching 模式匹配6、Memory location 存储单元7、Interpreter program 解释程序8、Library routine 库程序9、Intermediate program 中间程序10、Source file 源文件11、解释执行的语言interpreted language12、设备驱动程序device driver13、源程序source program14、调试程序debugger15、目标代码object code16、应用程序application program17、实用程序utility program18、逻辑程序logic program19、黑盒ink cartridge20、程序的存储与执行storage and execution of program Section B1、Messaging model 通信模式2、Common language runtime 通用语言运行时刻(环境)3、Hierarchical namespace 分层的名称空间4、Development community 开发社区5、CORBA 公共对象请求代理体系结构6、基本组件basic components7、元数据标记metadata token8、虚拟机VM virtual machine9、集成开发环境IDE(intergrated development environment)10、简单对象访问协议SOAP(simple object access protocol) Unit 5Section A1、system specification 系统规范2、Unit testing 单元测试3、Software life cycle 软件的生命周期4、System validation process 系统验证过程5、Evolutionary development process 进化发展过程6、Simple linear model 简单线性模型7、Program unit 程序单元8、Throwaway prototype 一次性使用原型9、Text formatting 文本格式10、System evolution 系统演变11、系统设计范例paradigm for system design12、需求分析与定义Requirements analysis and definition13、探索式编程方法exploratory programming approach14、系统文件编制system documentation15、瀑布模型waterfall model16、系统集成system integration17、商用现成软件commercial off-the-shelf software18、基于组件的软件工程component-based software engineering19、软件维护工具software maintenance tool20、软件复用software reuseSection B1、check box 复选框2、Structured design 结构化设计3、Building block 构建模块4、Database schema 数据库模式5、Radio button 单选按钮6、系统建模技术system modeling techniques7、模型驱动开发MDD(model-driven development)8、数据流程图data flow diagram9、下拉式菜单drop-down10、滚动条scroll barUnit 6Section A1、end user 终端用户2、Atomic operation 原子操作3、Database administrator 数据库管理员4、Relational database model 关系数据库模型5、Local data 本地数据6、Object-oriented database 面向对象的数据库7、Database management system 数据库管理系统8、Entity-relationship model 实体关系模型9、Distributed database 分布式数据库10、Flat file 展开文件11、二维表two-dimensional table12、数据属性data attributes13、数据库对象database object14、存储设备storage device15、数据类型data type16、数据插入与删除insertion and deletion17、层次数据库模型hierarchical18、数据库体系结构database architecture19、关系数据库管理系统ralational database management system20、全局控制总线global control busSection B1、nonvolatile storage system 易失性存储系统2、Equitment malfunction 设备故障3、Wound-wait protocol 损伤等待协议4、Exclusive lock 排它锁5、Database integrity 数据库完整性6、共享锁shared lock7、数据库实现database implementation8、级联回滚cascading rollback9、数据项data item10、分时操作系统time sharing operating system ;Unit 7Section A1、microwave radio 微波无线电2、digital television 数字电视3、DSL 数字用户线路4、analog transmission 模拟传输5、on-screen pointer 屏幕上的指针6、computer terminal 计算机终端7、radio telephone 无线电话8、cellular telephone 蜂窝电话,移动电话,手机9、decentralized network 分散型网络10、wire-based internal network 基于导线的内部网络,有线内部网11、光缆fiber-optic cable12、传真机fax machine13、线通信wireless communications14、点对点通信point-to-point communications15、调制电脉冲modulated electrical impulse16、通信卫星communication(s) satellite17、电报电键telegraph key18、传输媒体transmission medium (或media)19、无绳电话cordless telephone20、金属导体metal conductorSection B1、bit map 位图2、parallel port 并行端口3、direct memory access (DMA) 直接存储器存取4、universal serial bus 通用串行总线5、general-purpose register 通用寄存器6、电路板circuit board7、串行通信serial communication8、数码照相机digital camera9、存储映射输入/输出memory-mapped I/O10、有线电视cable televisionUnit 8Section A1、file server 文件服务器2、carrier sense 载波检测3、Protocol suite 协议族4、Peer-to-peer model 点对点模型5、bus topology network 总线拓扑网络6、inter-machine cooperation 计算机间合作7、Ethernet protocol collection 以太网协作集8、Proprietary network 专有网络9、utility package 实用软件包10、star network 星形网络11、局域网local area network (LAN)12、令牌环token ring13、无线网络wireless network14、封闭式网络closed network15、环形拓扑网络ring topology16、客户/服务机模型client/server model17、网络应用程序network application18、进程间通信interprocess communication19、打印服务机printer server20、广域网wide area networkSection B1、routing path 路由选择通路2、dual-ring topology 双环形拓扑结构3、extended star topology 扩展星形拓扑结构4、backbone network 基干网,骨干网5、mesh topology网络拓扑结构6、同轴电缆coaxial cable7、逻辑拓扑结构logical topology8、无冲突连网环境collision-free networking environment9、树形拓扑结构tree topology10、目的地节点destination nodeUnit 9Section A1、cell phone 蜂窝电话,移动电话,手机2、IP address 网际协议地址,IP地址3、autonomous system 自主系统4、dial-up connection 拨号连接5、network identifier 网络标识符6、binary notation 二进制记数法7、mnemonic name 助记名,缩写名8、Internet-wide directory system 因特网范围的目录系统9、name server 名称服务器10、Internet infrastructure 因特网基础结构11、助记地址mnemonic address12、网吧cyber cafe13、宽带因特网访问broadband Internet access14、顶级域名top-level domain (TLD)15、因特网编址Internet addressing16、点分十进制记数法dotted decimal notation17、因特网服务提供商Internet service provider (ISP)18、专用因特网连接dedicated Internet connection19、主机地址host address20、硬件与软件支持hardware and software support Section B1、incoming message 来报,到来的报文2、application layer 应用层3、utility software 实用软件4、sequence number (顺)序号,序列号5、remote login capabilities 远程登录能力6、端口号port number7、软件例程software routine8、传输层transport layer9、文件传送协议FTP(File Transfer Protocol)10、万维网浏览器Web browserUnit 10Section A1、mailing list 邮件发送清单,邮件列表2、proprietary software 专有软件3、cc line 抄送行4、bcc line 密送行5、forwarded e-mail messages 转发的电子邮件6、e-mail convention 电子邮件常规7、click on an icon 点击图标8、confidential document 密件,秘密文件9、classified information 密级信息10、recovered e-mail message 恢复的电子邮件11、常用情感符commonly used emoticon12、已删除电子邮件deleted e-mail13、电子系统electronic system14、附件行Attachments line15、版权法copyright law16、电子邮件网规e-mail netiquette17、信息高速公路information superhighway18、签名文件signature file19、电子数据表程序spreadsheet program20、文字处理软件word processorSection B1、web-authoring software 网络写作软件2、template generator 模版生成程序3、navigation page 导航页面4、corporate logo 公司标识5、splash page 醒目页面,过渡页6、导航条navigation bar7、节点页面node page8、网站地图site map9、可用性测试usability testing10、图形交换格式gif(Graphics Interchange Format)Unit 11Section A1、customized marketing strategy 定制的营销策略2、B2G transaction 企业对政府交易3、mobile telephone 移动电话4、dot-com bust 网络不景气5、smart card 智能卡,灵巧卡6、digital piracy 数字盗版7、dot-com boom 网络繁荣8、C2C transaction 消费者对消费者交易9、Web auction site 拍卖网站10、fingerprint reader 指纹读取器11、射频识别装置radio-frequency identification (RFID) device12、电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI)13、库存管理技术inventory management technology14、知识产权intellectual property15、条形码bar code16、货币兑换currency conversion17、电子图书electronic book18、视网膜扫描仪retina scanner19、个人数字助理personal digital assistant (PDA)20、企业对企业电子商务B2B electronic commerceSection B1、software suite 软件套件2、text box 文本框3、virtual checkout counter 虚拟付款台4、static catalog 静态目录5、browser session 浏览器会话期6、动态目录dynamic catalog7、购物车软件shopping cart software8、供应链supply chain9、企业资源计划软件enterprise resource planning (ERP) software10、税率tax rateUnit 12Section A1、encryption program 加密程序2、deletion command 删除命令3、authorized user 授权的用户4、backup copy 备份5、voltage surge 电压浪涌6、circuit breaker 断路器7、electronic component 电子元件(或部件)8、data-entry error 数据输入错误9、electronic break-in 电子入侵10、power line 电力线,输电线11、检测程序detection program12、电源power source13、破坏性计算机程序destructive computer program14、计算机病毒computer virus15、软件侵权software piracy16、硬盘驱动器hard-disk drive17、病毒检查程序virus checker18、主存储器primary storage19、电子公告板electronic bulletin board20、浪涌电压保护器surge protectorSection B1、phishing attack 网络钓鱼攻击2、graphics card 显(示)卡3、heuristic analysis 试探性分析4、infected file 被感染文件5、virus dictionary 病毒字典6、数据捕获data capture7、恶意软件malicious software8、病毒特征代码virus signature9、防病毒软件antivirus software10、内存驻留程序memory-resident program。

电大-计算机专业英语

电大-计算机专业英语

计算机专业英语作业答案(供参考)计算机专业英语作业1第1-3章作业一.Vocabulary( 词汇)(一).Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese(写出下列词组的汉语。

)1.central processing unit(CPU)中央处理器 2.title bar 标题栏3.operating system 操作系统4.personal computer 个人计算机5.menu bar 菜单栏6.desk publishing 桌面排版7.electronic spreadsheet 电子表格8.hard disk 硬盘9.database 数据库10.Cursor 光标(二).Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。

)1.随机存储器RAM 2.只读存储器ROM3.传输控制协议TC P 4.数字视频光盘DVD5.通用串行总线USB 6.计算机辅助设计CAD7.计算机辅助制造CAM 8.中央处理器CPU(三).Translate the following Chinese into English.(根据汉语写出相应的英语。

)1.键盘keybord 2.鼠标mouse 3.扫描仪scanner4.打印机printer 5.输入input 6.输出output7.显示器monitor 8.存储器storage 9.数据库database10.操作系统operating system 11.应用软件application software12.字处理器word processor 13.网络浏览器web browser二.Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F).(判断正误。

计算机专业英语教程(第4版)全书译文

计算机专业英语教程(第4版)全书译文

计算机专业英语教程(第4版)全书译文1We have learned that all computers have similar capabilities and perform essentially the same functions, although some might be faster than others. We have also learned that a computer system has input, output, storage, and processing components; that th e processor is the “intelligence” of a computer system; and that a single computer system may have several processors. We have discussed how data are represented inside a computer system in electronic states called bits. We are now ready to expose the inner workings of the nucleus of the computer system — the processor.我们已经知道,所有的计算机都具有相似的能力,并且在本质上执行相同的功能,尽管一些可能会比另一些快一点。

我们也知道,一个计算机系统具有输入,输出,存储和处理部件;处理器是一个计算机系统智能核心,并且一个计算机系统可以有许多个处理器。

我们已经讨论过如何在计算机系统内部,用被称作“位”的电子状态来表现数据,现在我们要弄明白计算机系统的核心,即处理器,的内在的工作方式。

The internal operation of a computer is interesting, but there really is no mystery to it. The mystery is in the minds of those who listen to hearsay and believe science-fiction writer. The computer is a nonthinking electronic device that has to be plugged into an electrical power source, just like a toaster or a lamp.计算机的内部操作很有意思,但确实没有什么神秘可言。

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Notes
[5]Routing tables are the means by which a router selects the fastest or nearest path to the next “hop” on the way to a data packet’s final destination. 本句中, by which a router selects the fastest or nearest path to the next “hop” on the way to a data packet’s final destination 是一个介词前置的定语从句,修饰和限定the means。on the way to“在……途中”。
学生课下活动设计
阅读Unit4的Reading。完成作业
作业: 我的梦想是成为一家电脑公司的销售经理。 老师告诉同学们别触摸电脑屏幕。 他停下来喝了杯茶。 他努力学习为了通过期末考试。 学校是孩子们学习的好地方。 这些学生经常帮助老师打扫实验室。 昨天我忘了邮信了。 他足够大了可以自己做决定。
教学参考资料推荐
Notes
[3] The MAU does actively regenerate signals as it transmits data around the ring. 本句中,does起强调作用。 [4]Routers contain internal tables of information called routing tables that keep track of all known network addresses and possible paths throughout the internetwork,along with cost of reaching each network. 本句中,called routing tables是过去分词短语,做定语,修饰 和限定internal tables of information。that keep track of all known network addresses and possible paths throughout the internetwork,along with cost of reaching each network是一 个定语从句,修饰和限定routing tables。keep track of是“ 跟踪”。
学生课下活动设计
预习Unit4的Text,试做翻译。
第二次课
【教学内容】翻译课文,完成课后理解练习。 【课时目标】能将课文翻译成汉语,了解连网设备的使用 ,完成课 后理解练习。 【教学重点、难点】 重点:准确理解课文内容,较准确地译成汉语。 难点:文中长句的翻译。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Text
阅读课文并翻译,结合课后练习一加深知识的理解。 对长句重点讲解
《计算机专业英语教程》,宋德富,司爱侠,高等教育出版社, 2013年9月,第四版
Exercises
What is a hub? What does an active hub do? What is a repeater? What is the maximum segment length for a UTP cable on an Ethernet network? What must a switch be able to do? What is a bridge used to do?Where does it operate? Where are routers most often used? Why cannot routers compile routing tables from the information in the data packets they process? What is a brouter? What does it do? What is a gateway? Where does it operate?
New Words
New Words
Phrases
Phrases
Abbreviations
Exercises
1.数千人花了多年时间建造了这间实验室。
2.众所周知,CPU代表中央处理器。 3.据说他们发明了一种新型计算机。 4.有人看见他把鼠标拿出了实验室。 5.大学生做兼职是有意义的。
1.数千人花了多年时间建造了长城。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 2.众所周知,CPU代表中央处理器。 It is well-known that CPU stands for central processing unit. 3.据说他们发明了一种新型计算机。 It’s reported that they have invented a new type of computer. 4.有人看见他把鼠标拿出了实验室。 Someone saw him take the mouse out of the lab.或者 He was seen to take the mouse out of the lab. 5.大学生做兼职是有意义的。 It is meaningful for a college student to take/do a part-time job.
Notes
[1] The hub is a hardware device that contains multiple,independent ports that match the cable type of the network. 本句中,that contains multiple,independent ports是定语从句 。 that match the cable type of the network是定语从句。 [2] If,for example,you have a thin Ethernet network with a cable segment longer than the prescribed maximum of 185 meters,you can install a repeater at some point in the segment to strengthen the signals and increase the maximum segment length. 本句中,If引导一个条件状语从句。with a cable segment longer than the prescribed maximum of 185 meters做定语, 修饰和限定a thin Ethernet network。 To strengthen the signals and increase the maximum segment length是动词不 定时,做目的状语。
张强华 司爱侠 编著
计算机专业英语教程
机械工业出版社
Unit 4
Networking Devices
退出
第一次课
【教学内容】 Unit 4 词汇、练习 【课时目标】检查学生上一单元的知识掌握情况,识记相关词汇、短 语,做练习。 【教学重点、难点】词汇的识记与练习。
New Words
New Words
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