高中英语阅读猜词技巧.pdf
(完整版)高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧
高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧猜测词义，是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇提供的信息、行文逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某个生词、难词、关键词的词义。
英语词语的意义非常丰富，语境不同，词义也就不同。
所以解决此类题目要掌握一定的猜词策略。
I.根据上下文语境进行猜测任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。
利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是高考的热点。
如：例1.(2002年全国卷，B篇)“Organic produce is always better，”Gold said，“The food is free of pesticides(农药)，and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally(本地)grown and seasonal，so it is more tasty.”Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend，and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business62.What is the meaning of “the organic trend”as the words are used in the text？A.growing interest in organic foodB.better quality of organic foodC.rising market for organic foodD.higher prices of organic food例2.(2003年全国卷,C篇)Fermat's Last Theorem(定理).First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat in the seventeenth century，the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.65.Which of the following best exp lains the meaning of the word “baffle” as used in the text？A.To encourage people to raise questions.B.To cause difficulty in understanding.C.To provide a person with an explanation.D.To limit people's imagination.例3.If he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet. I don’t like to be with him.A. drunkB. sweatingC. happyD. mistaken练习：1.A deaf and dump guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails.2. The climate of the west coast is the most moderate in Canada, summers are cool and fairly dry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, the temperature is usually above freezing.3. All the houses in the city collapsed during the earthquake.4. For people who live within a stone’s throw from the office to be late to work is unforgivable.5. The conflagration was so fierce that with just a few second one could see towering flames where the house had stood and the smoke which filled the sky could be seen for miles and miles.（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义有些阅读文章，尤其是新闻报导及科普类文章中的有些生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明性的短语或句子，如to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, to refer to, to mean ,in otherwords等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示，这时可利用这种关系或解释对前面或后面的词义进行猜测。
高三英语阅读理解猜词技巧[课件]
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转化 Conversion
大家好
表否定 un-, non-, in-, dis-
表相反 un-, de-, dis-, counter-
错误失当 mis-, mal-, pseudo-
prefix
表向背 pro-, anti表程度 arch-, super-, ultra- ,
over-, under-, mini-, semi- ,
超自然的
They caught the emotional landscape
from heartbreak to joy, but share the 风景
undeniable longing for recovery and hope.
(2010深一模) 不可否认的 大家好
合成 Compounding
legend
大家好
词义理解题常见的题型有: 1. The word “…” refers to / probably means/
could best be replaced by _____.
2. What do you think the expression “…” stands for?
3. The underlined sentence “…” means ______.
3.对代词的猜测
The underlined part “it” (in Para. 4) refers to______.
4.对句义的猜测
When I got back out into the street, the world seemed
brand-new to me. He was something out of an ancient
高中英语阅读中的猜词技巧 - 论文大赛
高中英语阅读中的猜词技巧摘要：阅读题在我省的高考题中所占的比率是最大的，而词义推断题也是高考阅读中的重要题型之一，所以提高学生的阅读能力是高考取得高分的关键。
而提高阅读能力的前提是掌握大量词汇。
然而，在阅读各种各样题材，时代性很强的英语文章时，学生即使掌握了大量的英语词汇，也会遇到生词。
况且我们学生的词汇量并不大，必然会在阅读过程中遇见很多读不懂的单词。
如果我们不能推断出生词的含义，就会影响我们对文章的理解。
由此可见，学生掌握一定的猜词技巧是至关重要的。
关键词：生词推断词义猜词技巧引言：每次做完阅读题之后，学生都会跟我反映这样的情况：一是某个单词很熟悉但就是读不懂这句话，这是因为他们被某个已学单词的熟悉含义所误导了；二是某个句子里有好几个单词根本没见过。
这样的话，他们在阅读的过程中就出现理解偏差或理解困难。
解决这些问题的关键是要巧妙利用上下文线索来猜测词义。
猜测词义主要是根据上下文进行逻辑推理，在具体的语言环境中利用我们所熟悉词语的线索来推测我们已经学过的词在某种特定语境下的意思和我们完全不熟悉的生词的词义。
下面简单谈谈高中英语阅读中猜词技巧的几种方法。
一．根据文章的综合信息猜词。
根据文章的综合信息猜测词义是指运用语言知识来分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系。
然后结合上下文，根据逻辑关系推断出生词词义或大致意思。
如：1. （2012广东高考阅读B篇）Well, at last we have copper-bottomed research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding. The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5, 7, 11 and 14, than babies fed according to the clock. By the age of 8, their IQ （智商）scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable. This research comes from Oxford and Essex University using a sample（样本）of 10,419 children born in the early 1990s, taking account of parental education, family income, a child’s sex and age, the mother’s health and feeding style. These results don’t surprise me. Feeding according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.33.The word copper-bottomed in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________.A. basicB. reliableC. surprising D .interesting通过仔细阅读这段文字，根据这段文字所提供的信息，我们可以很快推断出B答案是正确答案。
高中英语阅读技巧之一——猜词
麻烦/问题
猜词技巧（四）：
根据因果关系进行判断：
俗话说，“有因必有果，有果必有因”。根 据 原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原
因。 例：Biggest power failure in the city's history…All of our ice—cream and frozen foods melted．
名词+现在分词/过去分词 e.g. peace-loving/state-owned
副词+过去分词 e.g. well-known/badly-behaved 常见的合成名词： 名词+名词e.g. silkworm/bloodtest
形容词+名词 e.g.shorthand
动名词+名词 e.g. waiting-room/sleeping-pills 动词+名词 e.g. pickpocket 名词+动名词 e.g. handwriting/sun-bathing 动词+副词 e.g. get-together/break-through
4. 常见的表示特定含义的前缀：
以前的：ex- e.g. ex-president/ex-husband 前部的：fore- e.g. forehead/foresee 之间的：inter- e.g. international/inter-racial 千的：kilo- e.g. kilometer/kilogram
中间的：mid- e.g. midday/midnight
错误的：mis- e.g. misunderstand 之后的：post- e.g. post-election 之前的：pre- e.g. pre-war 重新；再次：re- e.g. rewrite/remarry 超级的：super- e.g. superman/supermarket/superstar
浅谈高中英语阅读理解猜词技巧
- 146-校园英语 / 基础教育研究浅谈高中英语阅读理解猜词技巧江苏省扬州市江都区丁沟中学/袁珺【摘要】在高中英语阅读中难免会碰到一些生单词，生单词障碍会影响学生阅读速度和理解程度。
如何有效清除生单词障碍，准确把握文章主旨尤为重要，本文介绍了猜测生单词的技巧，意在提高学生英语阅读能力。
【关键词】高中英语 阅读理解 猜词技巧 词义猜测一、引言就英语学科而言，“得阅读者得高考”。
因此，英语阅读理解一直以来都是高考英语的重中之重，是考生取得高分的关键。
然而，高考阅读理解所选文章体裁多样化，题材广泛化，而且具有时代性，即使你掌握了大量的英语词汇，也会在阅读中遇到生僻的单词，而且词义猜测题也是高考考查题型之一。
因此，在高中英语阅读教学中，我们必须教导学生正确推断词义的方法，以及着重培养他们把握词义的能力。
以下是所总结的应对高中英语阅读理解中的生词妙招，以期待对高中学生学习英语有一定的帮助。
二、英语阅读理解猜词技巧1.淡化法。
淡化法是指淡化对原文理解影响不大的生词。
在做阅读理解题目时，除了讲究做题效率，阅读速率也很重要，因为考试时间是有限的。
不能因为某个不重要的单词而耽误了做题的速度。
在阅读过程中，考生在遇到对句子、段落乃至文章大意影响不大的单词时，可以淡化，甚至忽略不计。
例题1：James began preparing for the upcoming NBA playoffs by using social media less in order to avoid outside distractions, reported The Associated Press.分析：playoffs 是生词，但是这并不影响对整个句子句意的理解，大家都熟悉NBA(National Basketball Association)是全美篮球协会，那么可以推断出playoffs 应该接近“比赛、竞赛”之意。
正如所猜测，playoffs 是“季后赛”的意思。
高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧
英语高考猜词策略猜测词义在英语高考中起到至关重要的作用，以下几种策略在英语学习中经常应用，才能潜移默化地让学生们掌握更多的词汇。
一.定义法1. It will be very hard but also very brittle------that is , it will break easily.2. The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year.3. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year.定义或释义关系常由定语从句或由is，or，that is (to say), in other words，be called，be known as, be defined as等词汇或破折号来表示二.根据构词法：合成、派生（前缀、后缀）、转化等1 With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence2. …Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. …A.商店里的小偷B.商店里的推销员C.商店里的老客户D.商店里的搬运工三.根据同义词，反义词关系1. The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year.2. If you agree, write “Yes”; if you dissent, write “No”.3. In many nations there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth．小结:and ,or ,such as, like，for example, for instance常连接同义词组。
高中英语阅读理解中猜词题的解题技巧
高中英语阅读理解猜词题的解题技巧摘要：本文针对高中阅读理解中的猜词题介绍了几种做题方法，并列举了一些实例进行了分析。
关键词：猜词题猜词义做题方法在英语学习中，我们会遇到许多生词。
这时，也不必立即翻阅字典。
我们可以利用语境，根据前后词、句子、以及相关信息推测、判断生词的词义。
高中英语阅读理解题中，我们经常碰到猜测词义的题型。
在做这类题时，我们可以利用以下一些方法：一根据解释猜词义在文章中，作者为了更好的表达思想，对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等要进行进一步的更明确的解释。
这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，我们可以利用它们比较容易地猜出词义。
1、根据定义猜测词义如果句子或段落是生词的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是词语的含义。
例如：The rooster is the national emblem of France thanks to a wordplay: the Latin word meaning coq ,or rooster. rooster 其实是对coq解释，因此两者的意思都为cock。
2、根据同位语、定语猜测词义虽然同位语、定语不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。
例如，同位语in fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.此例中，我们不难看出an endangered wild cat是ocelot 的同位语，也不难看出ocelot的意思。
在构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、引号和括号等。
又如Towards the evening, there comes the grand finale of the opening day ,an extremely exciting horserace.从an exciting horserace ,towards the evening ,of the opening day 等判断，应该是首日的最后一场的压台戏出场了。
高中英语阅读理解中猜词题的解法探究
些试题不仅要求对细节 的把握 ，更是对整个段落甚至是对整个语 ： 通过 ｗ ｈ 。 。 引导 的定语从 句 我们可以推测 到 ： １ ’ ｈ 。Ｐ ｉ ｅ 是一 篇的把握。在多年的英语教学 中， 我总结 了几点做猜词题的解题方 ： 家餐馆 的名字 由 此不 难 推 出理 解 题 的答 案 为 ： Ｄ。
做 阅读理解 中谨慎小心 ， 也要大胆地猜测其意义 ， 给 阅读带来意想 ： 不到的效果 。 在英语 阅读的设题 中， 有一种题型叫猜词题 ， 实际上是 ‘ 对学生阅读能力的一种考查 。这些词大部分是生词 ， 要求学生根据 ： Ａ ｃ ｃ ｏ ｒ ｄ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｐ ａ ｓ ｓ ａ ｇ ｅ ， Ｔ ｈ ｅ Ｐ ｉ ｎ ｅ ｓ ｉ ｓ ａ ． Ａ ． ｐ ｌ ａ ｃ ｅ ｉ ｎ ｗ ｈ ｉ ｃ ｈ ｙ ｏ ｕ ｃ ａ ｎ ｓ ｅ ｅ ｍ ａ ｎ ｙ ｍ ｏ ｂ ｉ ｌ ｅ ｈ ｏ ｍ ｅ ｓ Ｂ ． ｍ ｏ ｕ ｎ ｔ ａ ｉ ｎ ｗ ｈ ｅ ｒ ｅ ｙ ｏ ｕ ｃ ａ ｎ ｇ ｅ ｔ ａ ｇ ｏ ｏ ｄ ｖ ｉ ｅ ｗ ｏ ｆ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｖ ａ ｌ ｌ ｅ ｙ
， ，
法， 希望可 以帮助同学们提高阅读速度。境和上下文求雾 信息
：
三 从选项入手 ， 用 排 除 法 高考 阅读一般有 四个选项 我们首先要 找到选项 中我们熟悉
、 ， ，
语境 是英语 阅读的大环境 ，任何 词汇离开了语境便没有 意义 ： 的词 汇进行筛选 先把 他们分类 ， 然后进行排查 ， 从大 的方 向上可 了。 把词 汇放进语境 中 ， 词汇也变得活灵活现 。 当我们把 一些 生词 ： 以分 为积极 的用词 和消极用词
新课程 学 习 Ｎ Ｅ Ｗ Ｃ Ｏ Ｕ Ｒ Ｓ Ｅ Ｓ ’ Ｓ Ｔ Ｕ Ｄ Ｙ
高考英语阅读理解猜词十法,英语议论文写作技巧
高考英语阅读理解猜词十法，英语议论文写作技巧高考英语阅读理解猜词十法1.构词法猜词阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词。
掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。
如：unforeseeable.这个词，可以根据构词法把它拆成un, fore, see , able;其中 see 是词根，fore是“先，前，预”的含义，un是否定，able是“能……的，可……的”，因此unforeseeable是“未能预见到的”意思。
2.利用同义近义词猜词在生词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。
统称在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，这些词语或短语在句中作相同的成分，并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，甚至推出它的大致词义。
3.利用反义词猜词对比是描述，说明事物的常用方式。
在对比中，对比的事物是互为相反的，因此根据反义或对比关系可从已知推出未知。
利用反义词来说明生词的意义，如反义词hot and cold, perfect and imperfect，甚至前、后句为肯定与否定或是与不是等，在句内词与词之间，在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。
4.利用上下文语境猜词任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。
利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，这也是近年来高考考查的热点。
特别提醒：在做英语阅读理解题时，一定要注意熟词生义!这类猜词题也常见于各年高考题当中。
熟词生义比生词本身的障碍要大得多。
原因有三：其一，高考对生词的数量有数量的规定，不得超过3%;其二，熟词生义很容易引起考生的误解;其三，熟词生义的数量没有限制。
如果这种现象在一篇文章中出现得多，那就更难理解了。
5.利用定义和解释猜词有些文章，特别是科技文章，通常会对一些关键词给予定义，我们可以利用定义来猜测这些词的意思。
英语阅读中的猜词技巧
英语阅读中的猜词技巧一、巧设语境，传授新知。
一说起猜词技巧，同学或多或少知道一些。
但是，在做题时他们还是不知所措。
归根结底，是因为他们只知道猜词的理论而缺乏施行。
猜词能力的培养是一个潜移默化的过程，所以我们要充分利用每一个机会，巧设语境，让同学在具体的施行中体会猜词的技巧，从而提升其猜词的能力。
例如，讲授新词汇时，不要先告诉同学该词汇的意思，而是利用同学所熟悉的其它词汇和句型构造一个语言环境，让他们在此语言环境中去推测新词的意思。
同学要想准确猜出词意，必须充分注意并综合例句中的其它信息，然后进行联想、推断。
这样一来，在培养同学猜词能力的同时，还激发了同学的学习兴趣，培养同学的动脑能力，也有效地复习了其它单词、短语或句型。
这样一举"四得'，何乐而不为呢?二、充分利用课本培养同学的猜词能力。
课本是同学学习的主要内容，充分利用课本会收到事倍功半的效果。
依据新教材的编排特点，各单元都有两篇阅读文章。
正确引导同学在课文的语言环境中理解和推测词意是培养同学猜词能力的有效途径之一。
三、强化针对性的实战学习。
课本上的文章和考试试卷上的文章还是有差别的。
为了让同学能适应考试的题型，在平常还要多进行针对性的学习。
高考试题的水平是很高的，做高考试题中的猜词题关于同学来说是一个很好的锻炼机会。
充分利用高考试卷，进行实战演练，总结得失，以便更好地掌握和运用猜词技巧。
2如何培养同学在英语阅读中的猜词能力一、阅读能力和猜词能力阅读理解能力是语言综合能力的一种，以阅读速度和阅读准确性两个方面为主要表现。
阅读速度细化为对词义的掌握、分辨词汇的能力、识别词语时的目光幅度及其他因素。
阅读的准确性是检验阅读能力的指标，是推断阅读能力凹凸的标准。
无论是阅读速度还是阅读准确性都受到词汇量的制衡。
但是在同等词汇量的状况下，猜词能力强的同学可以较为顺利的完成阅读任务。
反之不会猜词，碰到生词就习惯看单词表查字典的同学不能完成阅读理解。
高三英语阅读理解之猜词技巧
猜词技巧一．在英语学习中，我们会遇到许多生词。
其实阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落有着互相制约的关系。
我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些1. But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there is a dry period, or drought.2. Within days, food often spoils or become unsafe to eat.3. Today young couples who are just starting their households often spend lots of theirmoney on appliances ,for instance ,washing machines , refrigerators and color TVs. 4．Biggest power failure in the city’s history. All of our ice cream and frozen foods melted.5. He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.6. One night Mrs.Rochester succeeded in setting the house on fire. Mr. Rochester managedto lead the servants to safety and then went back into the burning mansion to rescue his wife.7. Jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district.8. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed.9. .She read my letter slowly +to the end and then tore it to shreds.10. Car rentals (出租) are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the roads.11. She is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.1、同义词、近义词反义词1）Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to people's health. They also regard drinking as harmful.2）At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business, nor were they able to borrow the amount of money they needed from the bank.1)eg.He had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.2)Rather than liking the movie, as I expected them to, all my friends abhorred it.3）If you agree, write “yes”; if you dissent, write “no”2、定义、解释或举例1）.He takes a special interest in botany which concerns the study of plants.2）. A birds sanctuary is a place where birds can breed and take refuse from hunters.3）. Wrestling is the game which is played by two strong people ; one player tries to get the other down on the floor.3、因果关系--- since you are my superior（上级）, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do . （2005年上海卷）A．full of respect B．too confident and rudeC．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet4、标点符号（冒号；破折号；括号）You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning.A.dictionariesB. story-booksC. magazinesD. newspapers5、经验和常识In spite of the fact the fishermen were wearing sou’westers, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through.三．历届高考题1.When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. Eventually, it came on the market in a dark blue and white package-blue because we think of it as safe, and white as calm.(2004年NMET全国，广东卷)65.The underlined part“the colours turned the customers off”(in Para.3) means that the colours_______.A. attracted the customers stronglyB. had weak effects on the customersC. tricked the customers into shoppingD. caused the customers to lose interest２. Fermat]s Last Theorem(定理). First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique. (NMET2003,C篇,65)65.Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word“baffle”as it is used in the text?A. To encourage people to raise questions.B. To cause difficulty in understanding.C. To provide a person with an explanation.D. To limit people’s imagination.3. A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. (NMET2002,E篇,74)74.What does the under lined word ‘hassle’probably mean?A. a party designed by specialistsB. a plan requiring careful thoughtC. a situation causing difficulty or troubleD. a demand made by guests．4. In a recently published book, I came across some exercises with interesting names such as fishbone diagrams, lotus flowers, and clustering. As I used these exercises in my classes, I noticed that students were interested. They said more and wrote more. They enjoyed expressing their ideas and sharing them in groups. They were no longer passively waiting for the bell, but actively took part in the lesson. I find that creativity (创新)can act as a way to increase participation and improve fluency (流利程度).68. The underlined words "waiting for the hell" in the first paragraph probably mean _________A. longing for a phone call B. hoping to have a bellC. expecting the end of the classD. wanting to speak in class5. Members of the working class have blue-collar jobs. They are construction workers, truck drivers, mechanics, steel workers, electricians, and the like. What makes this class differ fromthe lower class is, first, longer periods of employment -- and therefore, more fixed incomes —and, second, employment in skilled or semiskilled (半熟练的) occupations, not unskilled ones. Although unemployment hits all levels of the American economy, including those of skilled and semi-skilled workers, it is most common at the bottom of the class structure and increasingly less common at each level upward. They consider themselves to be respectable and hard working and they look down upon members of the "lower" class, whom they often consider to be lazy, dis-honest, and too ready to exploit public assistance.(06.广东)65. The underlined word “hit”(paragraph 1 ) roughly means .A. strike with a blowB. have bad effects onC. break uD. break6. When I first became a reporter I knew a man who gave up a very well paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and edit a small weekly newspaper. At the time I was astonished by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal (反常的) mental state. How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area？I wanted to know. (06.广东)69. The underlined phrase "turn his back on" (paragraph 6) most probably means .A. leave forB. return toC. give upD. rely on答案有害的adj.get worse a kind of raincoat 厌恶，憎恨不赞成；不同意D B C C B C。
高中英语阅读中猜词技巧的归类总结
高中英语阅读中猜词技巧的归类总结发布时间：2022-09-06T05:28:43.806Z 来源：《中国教师》2022年5月第9期作者：曹永强[导读] 本文把《高中英语阅读技能》中关于猜词方面的阅读技巧和教学中总结的猜测生词的技巧加以归类总结，提出了八种猜测阅读材料中的生词的方法。
曹永强宁夏育才中学 750021摘要：本文把《高中英语阅读技能》中关于猜词方面的阅读技巧和教学中总结的猜测生词的技巧加以归类总结，提出了八种猜测阅读材料中的生词的方法。
并对其做了进一步的解释，还结合了一些实例向读者介绍如何在阅读过程中运用这些阅读技巧来猜测文章中的生词含义。
关键词：英语阅读猜词技巧归类总结一、利用文章逻辑猜测生词写作时，作者要把一些分散的、复杂的信息组织在一起，使他们之间有密切的内在联系，使之成为结构严谨、层次分明、形式与内容一致的语言整体。
如果读者按照上下文，顺着作者的思路，通过询问关系、语境对生词进行合乎逻辑的推断，也是可以推测出生词的大概意思的。
这种根据文章逻辑猜测词义的方法可以有利用对比、比较和因果等逻辑关系来猜测词义。
1）利用对比关系猜测词义。
在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比的描述，我们可以根据生词或难词的反义词猜测其词义。
例如：Her business was successful at first, but it ultimately failed. 这句话中ultimately 对大不认人来说是一个生词，但是根据句子中间单词的对比关系我们就能很简单的才出画斜线单词的含义来。
在前半句中说的是 at first, her business was successful, 而在后半句中一个but 做了转折，并且说她的生意失败了。
这句话中生意的成功和失败是在前后的时间上做了一个对比，只要能看出这点来就很容易猜出ultimately 是 at last/ in the end/ finally 表示最终、最后的意思了。
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高中英语阅读理解中的猜词技巧Teaching DesignDate: 2014—11—15Topic: How to guess unknown words and expressions inreading comprehension.Students: Class 4 Grade 3Teacher: Lai Ruiwen一教学分析1.教学内容简述该课是一堂专项阅读训练课，具体介绍在高中英语阅读理解中的猜词技巧。
“猜测词句意义”题型在高考阅读中占有一定的份量，每年的高考题中有2-3题，也就是每篇阅读基本上有1题，占了一定的份量。
而我们学生在这方面的技能显得薄弱，猜词能力比较差，猜词没有具体的系统的方法，因此，针对此题型的训练就显得很有必要。
在必要时，做些语法分析，通过词与词的关系，确定其词性；有时根据常识和生活经验或构词法知识，完全可以对那些从未见过的生词的词义作出正确的推测。
做这种题时，特别要注意的是，对于那些我们熟悉的词千万不要妄自、草率下结论，一定要结合上下文判断它在文中的意思。
2 教学对象分析高三的学生到了高三下学期，积累了一定的词汇量，具备了一定的语篇分析能力，通过一定的练习，掌握了一些阅读理解解题技巧，但是学生普遍基础薄弱，句子分析能力差，不知道联系上下文，阅读能力实属一般，很多同学甚至都是凭感觉在做题，并无系统的解题方法。
因而，希望通过此节课使学生的阅读理解能力有所提高。
二．教学目标分析1. Knowledge and skills:(1)Enable Ss to know the basic questions patterns in NMET reading comprehension.(2)Help Ss basically know how to guess the word meaning in reading.(3)Help Ss improve some related reading skills.2. Process and methods(1) 通过具体的例子引入这节课的话题，介绍其在高考中所占的比重和考查形式。
使其重视这一部分内容的学习。
（2）通过归纳总结的方式找出猜词题的解题技巧。
教师强调重难点，最后再通过练习巩固技巧。
最终使得学生自己学会分析问题解决问题。
3 Emotional skills(1) Make Ss become more confident in Reading.(2) Enable Ss to enjoy reading.三. Teaching emphasis and difficulties:Guess the word or expressions according to the context clues.四Teaching methods:Summarizing, practicing, co—operation and interaction.五：Teaching aids:The multimedia and other normal teaching aids六: Teaching procedures and waysStep 1 Lead in1.Show four passages on the screen and ask Ss to guess the meaning of underlined words ineach passage.2. Introduce the question patterns in NMET reading comprehension..(purpose: arouse their learning interests and let them basically know the related information of reading comprehension in NMET )Step 2 Guessing unknown words or expressions1 Word formation(1) show Ss the common suffixes and postfixwes常见的名词,动词,形容词以及动词后缀,常见前缀及其意义.(2) Guide them to analyze the word itself by themselves.Show some practice and analyze the words.(Purpose: help them summarize the common suffixes and postfixes and develop their ability of analysis)2.Guess the meaning according to the context clues,Skills Key words Examplesdefinition and explanation 定语从句，同位语，词或词组（is, was, mean, that is(to say),i.e, in other words, namely ,to put it in another way,be considered to be, refer to,be called, be known as)It will be very hard but alsovery brittle－that is,it willbreak easily.A easily brokenB soft insideC very hardD expensivesynonymor antonym 由and或or，like , similarly, as …as,the same as等连接的两个词构成同义关系；表转折关系的词常有如but, while,however, instead of, rather than,unlike, yet, otherwise, though，on the contrary等1.The new tax law supersedes,or replaces, the law that was ineffect last year.2. Unlike his brother, who istruly a handsome man, John isquite homely.cause and effect 常用关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，so, so … that, such … thattherefore等)表示前因后果。
1.The river is so turbid thatit is impossible to see thebottom even when it isshallow.……examples 常用such as, like，for example, forinstance或者标点符号诸如括号、破折号、冒号等引出例子，可根据例子隶属的类别归纳出总称词即词义。
1. On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.3.Today young couples who are just starting their household often spend lots of money on appliances, for instance, washing –machines, fridges and color TVs.experience 根据上下文的语言环境，根据生活常识和逻辑推理猜测生词的词义也是一种行之有效的方法Metal expands when heated and contracts when cooled.First, give students some examples to practice, and give them some tips, then, encourage them tosummarize the approaches to different items, finally do some practice to consolidate they’ve learnt.(Purpose: get students to grasp the 5 kinds of skills in dealing with unknown word orphrases in reading comprehension, especially improve their analyzing and reading ability.)Step 3 summarySum up what skills they learnt in this class.(Purpose: help students know the topic as a whole)Step 4 consolidation1.William Shakespeare said, “The web of our life is of amingled yarn (纱线), good and illtogether.” The underlined word “mingled” in the paragraph most probably means “______”．A. simpleB. mixedC. sadD. happy2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key.A. successfulB. effectiveC. uselessD. hurried3. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as anengineer.A. workB. studyC. nameD. interest4. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from thatinside the city.A. townB. capitalC. countrysideD. house5. Children are always boasting. They say things like “My Dad’s car is bigger than your Dad’s,“My Mom is smarter than yours.” and “My family has more money than yours.”The word “boasting” means _____.A. 骄傲B. 吹牛C. 顽皮D. 幼稚1.A man’s position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellowtribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced.Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.The word “disgrace” means _________ in this text.A. honorB. endangerC. proudD. shame2.The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A fewmembers of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler shouldleave the country for ever.banished” mean_______.The underlined word “A. killed by stoningB. sent awayC. imprisonedD. punished by whippingtwo-way street. I just heard about a thousand Shenzhen office workers who have gone3. But it’s ato Bangalore to train in software. Meanwhile, all the Indian IT majors are setting up a strongpresence in China.(09辽宁)–way street”？What does the writer mean by “it’s a twoA. China and India have different traffic rules.B. Tea trade works wonders in both India and ChinaC. Chinese products are popular in both China and IndiaD. The exchanges between India and China benefit both4. One morning more than thirty years ago, I entered the Track Kitchen, a restaurant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的) to the most powerful came for breakfast. I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man, who looked somewhat disheveled. He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone. I asked if I might join him. He agreed quietly and I sat dow What（10重庆）does the underlined word “disheveled” mean?What does the underlined word “disheveled” mean? A．unfriendly．B．untidy．C．gentle．D．kind.5. I hated dinner parties. But I decided to give them another shot because I'm in London. And myfriend Mallery invited me. And because dinner parties in London are very different from those back in New York. There, '“I’m having a dinner party' means: "I'm booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you can't afford and we'll be sharing the checque evenly, no matter what you eat. “Worse, in Manhattan there is always someone who leaves before the bill arrives. They'll throwdown cash, half of what they owe, and then people li ke me, who don’t drink, end up paying even more. But if I try to use the same trick, the hostess will shout: "Where are you going?" And it's notlike I can say I have somewhere to go: everyone know I have nowhere to go. （2010年辽宁卷B）60. What does the word "shot" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. choice.B. tryC. style.D. goal6. Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, beingforced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing withthe results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if wedid not need to bring so much material home in the first place. 2010年山东B篇）What does the underlined phrase “over-consumption”refer to?A. Using too much packaging.B. Recycling too many wastes.C. Making more products than necessary.D. Having more material than is needed.（Purpose: Practice makes perfect）Step 5 Assignments:1. Go over what we learned in this period.2. Finish additional exercisesStep 6 Teaching reflections.。