2019版高考英语语法专题突破全国全解析专项训练：专题7非谓语动词含解析精品

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ，63)They are required________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.

答案：to process require sb./sth. to do sth. “需要某人/某物做某事”。

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ，68)Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by ________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

答案：eating介词by后需用名词或动名词作宾语。

3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ，65)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models wants________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.

答案：to prove want to do sth.“想要做某事”，动词want后常用不定式作宾语。

天津高考，14，改编)The hospital has recently obtained new

4. (2017·

medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated.

答案：allowing医院新购医疗设备与更多的病人能够得到治疗

之间是因果关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。

5．(2017·北京高考，32，改编)Jim has retired, but he still

remembers the happy time ________ (spend) with his students.

答案：spent spend和time之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。

6．(2017·北京高考，27，改编)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ________ (save) their valuable time.

答案：to save由句意可知需用动词不定式作目的状语。

7．(2017·江苏高考，21，改编)Many Chinese brands, ________ (develop)their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.

答案：having developed句子的主语brands与develop之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，再根据时间状语over centuries可知，需用现在分

词的完成式作状语。

8．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ，62，改编)It was a great honour ________ (invite) backstage at the not-f or-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research.

答案：to be invited It's a great honour to do sth. “很荣幸地去做

某事”，根据句意可知应用动词不定式的被动式。

9．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ，短文改错)When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the vegetables!

___________________________________________________

答案：pick前加to invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。

10．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ，短文改错)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.

____________________________________________________

答案：wear→wearing介词后的动词应用动名词形式。

一、动词不定式的用法

1．作主语

动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下

两种：

(1)把不定式置于句首

To make up for lost time is not possible.

(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下

列句式中

①It＋is＋名词＋to do

It is an offence to drop litter in the street.

②It takes sb.＋some time＋to do

How long did it take you to finish the work?

③It＋be＋形容词＋for/of sb.＋to do，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等。

It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of

an hour.

It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.

④It seems/appears＋形容词＋to do，常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批

评的词。

It seemed impossible to save money.

2．作宾语

(1)常跟不定式作宾语的动词

afford, agree, aim, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, choose, claim, condescend, consent, decide, demand, determine, endeavor, expect, fail, help, hesitate, hope, learn, manage, neglect, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, proceed, promise, prove, refuse, resolve, seem, swear, tend, threaten, undertake, volunteer, vow, want, wish

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

(2)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。

We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.

3．作补语

(1)动词＋宾语＋不定式

常见动词：advise, allow, believe, cause, challenge, compel, declare, encourage, forbid, force,find, hire, induce, instruct, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, select, send, suppose, tell, train, urge 等。

Father will not allow us to play in the street.