中级口语教程21
对外汉语(第二版)中级听力Ⅱ第21课教案
***********************************************************教案第21课 在路上教学任务1、重点学习词语：中心、刷卡、乘、列车、本2、听力技能训练：能够听懂公共汽车、地铁和火车上的广播，以及同学和老师关于这些广播的介绍和讨论。
能够根据已知词语猜测未知词语的意思。
3、与本课相关话题的讨论：收听公共交通上的广播。
时间安排本课书所需课时：2课时（90分钟）教学实施1、畅所欲言（10分钟）：第1题列举了交通工具的名称，第2题引导学生思考选择什么工具出行，第3题讲讲出行经历。
这三道题跟课文中讨论的话题相关，希望能激活学生的背景知识。
2、学习词语（10-12分钟）：要求：掌握生词表中涂为蓝色的重点词语，其他词语知道意思即可。
方法：老师带读，学生分别朗读，老师纠正发音。
生词部分：重点词语学习教学方法：通过短语、例句和使用说明，使学生掌握重点词语的基本语义和基本用法。
中心：购物~ 政治~ 经济~（不必详说，见语言结构学习）刷卡：PPT图片。
（不必详说，见语言结构学习）地铁：PPT图片。
（不必详说，见语言结构学习）线：环~地铁四号~ 机场快~旅客：可以跟乘客、顾客、游客等一起讲提前：~到达~做好准备~出发本：~车~人~市（不必详说，见语言结构学习）检票：可以跟检票口一起讲，补充售票处。
PPT图片。
3、语言结构学习（10分钟）：◆练习一、听录音，找出每组句子共同的地方。
目的是帮助学生掌握一些词语和结构的使用方法。
除了每组三个句子，老师要适当补充。
（1）中心：根据句子1提问：“这儿是干什么的？”提问：“你还知道什么中心？”举例如“体育中心、健身中心、贸易中心”。
（2）刷卡：中间可以插入其他成分。
如“刷了两次卡。
”提问：“你在什么情况下需要刷卡？”“你有什么卡可以刷？”答：“信用卡、公交卡、购物卡、会员卡、积分卡”***********************************************************（3）乘：使用交通工具。
剑桥商务英语中级口语考试(基本讲义)
剑桥商务英语中级考试辅导—口语部分一、口语考试概述（一）考试形式与流程（二）测试范围（三）评分标准二、应试辅导（一）问答对话（二）小演讲（三）互相讨论三、备考指南一、口语考试概述（一）考试形式与流程考试形式口语测试由两位口语考官(一位提问官，一位评分官)对两位考生同时进行。
提问官负责主持口试，还要求他给每位考生的成绩打总分，评分官负责对每一位考生的成绩进行分析评估。
经提问官介绍以后，评分官就不再参与交流。
口试为两人一组进行。
然而，如果考点的考生人数为奇数，最后三位考生可以同时进行考试。
考试流程：第一部分考官对每个考生轮流提问，问一些一般性的问题，并不严格按照顺序进行。
这部分测试约三分钟左右。
这部分考查考生自我介绍的能力：提供有关自己的家庭、兴趣和工作的信息，并表达如同意、反对或喜好等意见。
第二部分是“小演讲”，共六分钟左右。
在这一部分，考生可以选择一个题目，用大约一分钟的时间准备一段有发挥的演讲，每个考生讲完以后，就会请他们的同伴对他所讲的内容提一个问题。
第三部分是考生间双向的谈话(三个考生则采取三向讨论的形式)，考官给考生一个讨论题目，要求考生谈论大约3分钟，考官可以进行恰当的引导，然后再提一些与主题有关的问题。
（二）测试范围BEC口试主要考查考生在商务交往过程中运用英文的能力。
测试范围包括：1. 建立和保持商务联络（1）向人表示问候和对问候的回答；（2）自我介绍；（3）询问对方或介绍自己的身份特征；（4）表达自己喜欢什么、不喜欢什么；（5）发出邀请、接受和拒绝邀请；（6）表示感谢和欣赏；（7）给别人提供方便，接受和拒绝帮助。
2. 谈论工作（1）询问和描述工作任务；（2）询问和介绍公司情况；（3）询问和简要介绍产品；（4）比较不同的产品及价格；（5）询问和提出自己的观点；（6）表示同意或反对；（7）提出、接受或拒绝建议；（8）表达需要和要求。
3. 制定计划和安排工作（1）商务会议：安排会议日程与议程；（2）商务旅行：预定饭店房间、入住饭店和结账、点菜、进行旅行咨询、预定机票、乘火车旅行、根据指南行路等。
中级英语口语教程
中级英语口语教程【实用版】目录1.中级英语口语教程简介2.中级英语口语教程的目标读者3.中级英语口语教程的主要内容4.中级英语口语教程的特点5.如何有效地使用中级英语口语教程正文【中级英语口语教程简介】随着全球化的发展和国际交流的加强，英语已经成为了一种必不可少的工具。
对于许多学习者来说，掌握英语口语显得尤为重要。
中级英语口语教程正是针对这一需求，为广大学习者提供有效提升英语口语能力的途径。
【中级英语口语教程的目标读者】中级英语口语教程适用于具有一定英语基础的学习者。
这些学习者可能已经完成了初级英语学习，希望进一步提高英语口语水平，为日常生活、工作和国际交流打下坚实基础。
【中级英语口语教程的主要内容】中级英语口语教程主要包括以下几个方面的内容：1.日常生活场景对话：教程中涵盖了各种日常生活场景，如购物、就餐、旅行等，帮助学习者在实际生活中运用英语进行沟通。
2.口语表达技巧：教程教授学习者如何运用正确的语音、语调、节奏和连读等技巧，使英语口语更加自然、流利。
3.口语练习：教程提供丰富的口语练习，让学习者在实践中不断提高英语口语能力。
4.口语拓展：教程还包括一些口语拓展内容，如俚语、习语和口语短语等，帮助学习者丰富英语表达手段。
【中级英语口语教程的特点】1.实用性：教程所选场景和话题紧密贴合实际生活，让学习者在学习过程中能够学以致用。
2.系统性：教程从语音、语调、节奏、连读等方面全面教授英语口语技巧，帮助学习者建立完整的英语口语体系。
3.互动性：教程鼓励学习者进行口语练习和互动，让学习者在实际操作中不断提高英语口语能力。
4.趣味性：教程采用轻松有趣的方式教授英语口语知识，让学习者在愉快的氛围中学习。
【如何有效地使用中级英语口语教程】1.制定学习计划：学习者应根据自己的实际情况，制定合理的学习计划，确保每天都能进行一定时间的英语口语学习。
2.多听多说：学习者要多听录音，模仿教程中的语音、语调、节奏等，同时多进行口语练习，提高英语口语实际运用能力。
中级口语教程
中级口语教程随着社会经济的发展，口语作为一种交流技能变得越来越重要。
尤其是在商业活动中，口语能力是一种核心竞争力，可以帮助个人和团队获得极大的成功。
这就是为什么中级口语教程非常重要。
中级口语教程的首要目的是培养学生的口头交流技能，使学生能够有效的表达思想，准确的传达信息，并有效的与他人交流互动。
为了使学生更好的掌握口语技能，中级口语教程应该覆盖以下几个方面的内容：1.语表达技巧。
学生要学会利用词汇，短语，句子等巧妙的表达方式来表达自己的想法或信息，以达到传达信息的最大效果。
2.力技能。
除了学习如何表达，学生也要学会如何理解和接受他人的沟通，以便正确掌握他人所表达的信息。
3.话礼仪。
学生还要学会正确地进行口头交流，如果一个对话不遵循正确的礼仪，就可能会影响到另一方的听力理解能力，从而影响对话的有效性。
4.境对话。
口语练习的重要一环是学习用不同的情境上下文，模拟真实世界中不同场景的对话练习，以巩固学生的口语技能。
中级口语教程不仅要培养学生具备扎实的口语技能，还要让学生有信心积极参与商务活动，在商务环境中拥有更好的自信和表现力。
为了让学生在中级口语教程中能够得到有效的学习，教师要确保以下几点：1.期安排口语测试，以监督学生的口语进度。
2.计适当的课堂活动，以营造轻松的学习氛围，以提升学习效果。
3.期安排口语实践活动，以激发学生学习热情。
4.予学生一定的报酬，以激发学生学习口语的兴趣。
5.予学生及时的评论和指导，保证效果及时反馈，使学生能够有效的提升口语技能。
中级口语教程的重要性不言而喻。
课程的设计要从学生的实际出发，确保学习内容能够有效的达到预期效果，同时教师也要利用多种教学方法，充分激发学生学习口语的兴趣，以达到预期效果。
第21课 整容 《桥梁》中级汉语教程(下)课件
第1~3段生词
连问带讯 讯——问 审讯、问讯、问讯处 门诊 挂号、划价、收款、门诊、急诊、住院部、
中药房、西药房、手术室、抢救室（急救 室）
第1~3段生词
卡 外来词，银行卡、会员卡、收费卡、透支卡 恼火 恼：生气。恼火：感到生气 例： 1、考试后，马克为自己成绩不好而恼火。（做动
词）
2、这件事我越想越恼火！（做动词） 3、我遇到一件令我恼火的事。（做形容词）
第8~9段生词
8、非（要） 一定，同“非……不可”中的“非”意思相
同，常用句式：非要+动词 例： （1）我不想买这件衣服，可是他非要我买。 （2）如果你想学好一门语言，那你就非要好
好背单词不可。
第8~9段生词
9、丢丑 丢脸 例： 你是故意让我丢丑，对吗？ 10、幼儿园 托儿所、幼稚园、托儿班
第7段生词
别扭 biè niu 不顺心、不舒服
1、动词+别扭 感到/觉得/看着/显得+~ 这件衣服太小了，你穿起来看着/显得很别扭。 这件衣服太小了，我穿起来感到/觉得很别扭。 2、闹别扭 这两个人很奇怪，看不到对方还总是想，见到了
还闹别扭。
3、找别扭（找麻烦） 自从我在大家面前反对了他的想法，他就总找我
—那您需要提前预约。/ —那您需要提前 预订包房。
【预约】常常为不及物动词
（2）我预约了李医生给我看病。 *我预订了李医生给我看病。
（3）我预订了你们这项服务。 我预订了你们这款蛋糕。
我预约了你们这项服务。
【预约】做及物动词时，宾语大多数为人；【预 订】的宾语不能为人。
第8~9段生词
5、暗暗 内心知道或者已经感觉到了，但是没有表现
第4~6段问题
肖琴为什么对自己的这张脸也越来越不满 意了？
汉语中级口语教程教案
汉语中级口语教程教案教案标题：汉语中级口语教程教案教学目标：1. 通过本课程的学习，学生将能够在日常生活和工作中流利地进行中级水平的口语交流。
2. 学生将能够运用所学的语言知识和技巧，表达自己的观点和意见，并能够理解他人的表达。
3. 学生将能够运用所学的语言知识和技巧，进行简单的辩论和演讲。
教学重点：1. 提高学生的口语表达能力，包括流利度、准确性和语感。
2. 培养学生的听力理解能力，能够理解不同语速和口音的汉语。
3. 培养学生的交际能力，能够在各种实际情境中进行有效的交流。
教学准备：1. 教材：《汉语中级口语教程》2. 多媒体设备：投影仪、音响设备3. 教学资源：录音资料、图片、视频素材等教学步骤：第一课时：1. 导入（5分钟）：- 通过播放一段有关日常生活的视频，引起学生对口语交流的兴趣。
- 提问学生他们对口语交流的重要性和困难的看法。
2. 教学新知（20分钟）：- 分发教材，并介绍本课程的教学目标和重点。
- 通过示范和练习，教授一些常用口语表达，如问候、介绍自己等。
- 引导学生进行角色扮演练习，加强口语表达能力。
3. 拓展活动（15分钟）：- 分组进行小组讨论，让学生讨论一个有争议的话题，并展示自己的观点。
- 鼓励学生使用所学的语言知识和技巧，进行简单的辩论。
4. 总结与作业布置（5分钟）：- 总结本节课的教学内容和重点。
- 布置作业：要求学生准备一个简短的演讲稿，下节课进行演讲。
第二课时：1. 复习与导入（10分钟）：- 学生进行演讲，展示他们准备的演讲稿。
- 提供反馈和建议，帮助学生改进口语表达能力。
2. 教学新知（20分钟）：- 通过示范和练习，教授一些关于日常生活和工作的口语表达，如购物、旅行、工作等。
- 引导学生进行角色扮演练习，加强口语表达能力。
3. 拓展活动（15分钟）：- 分组进行小组讨论，让学生讨论一个与他们感兴趣的话题，并展示自己的观点。
- 鼓励学生使用所学的语言知识和技巧，进行辩论或演讲。
中级英语口语教程
中级英语口语教程摘要：一、前言1.学习英语的重要性2.中级英语口语教程的目标二、教程概述1.教程级别及目标2.教程结构与内容三、教程特点1.实用性2.系统性3.互动性四、教程学习方法1.合理安排学习时间2.积极参与课堂活动3.结合实际场景进行练习五、总结1.中级英语口语教程的价值2.对学习者的期望正文：一、前言在全球化的今天，英语作为国际通用语言，已成为人们交流、学习、工作必不可少的工具。
对于许多已经掌握了基础英语知识的学习者来说，如何进一步提高英语口语能力，成为了一个亟待解决的问题。
为此，我们推出了这本针对中级英语学习者的口语教程，旨在帮助学习者提高英语口语水平，更好地应对日常生活和工作中的英语交流场景。
二、教程概述1.教程级别及目标本教程针对英语水平达到初级的学习者，帮助他们进一步提高英语口语能力，达到中级水平。
教程将从词汇、语法、发音等方面进行全面训练，使学习者能够熟练地运用英语进行日常对话，提高英语口语交流的自信心。
2.教程结构与内容教程共分为若干单元，每个单元围绕一个主题展开，包括词汇、句型、对话、听力、发音等部分。
通过多样化的教学手段，如讲解、练习、角色扮演等，使学习者全面掌握英语口语技能。
三、教程特点1.实用性本教程内容紧密结合实际生活场景，使学习者在轻松愉快的氛围中提高英语口语能力。
教程中所涉及的词汇、句型均为日常交流中常用，帮助学习者在实际生活中自信地运用英语进行沟通。
2.系统性教程按照由易到难的顺序编排，使学习者逐步掌握英语口语技能。
每个单元的内容相互补充，形成一个完整的英语口语学习体系。
3.互动性本教程注重学习者的参与和互动，鼓励学习者在课堂上积极发言，与同学、老师进行英语交流。
教程还提供了丰富的课外活动，如英语角、角色扮演等，使学习者在轻松愉快的氛围中提高英语口语能力。
四、教程学习方法1.合理安排学习时间学习英语需要持之以恒，学习者应合理安排学习时间，每天坚持学习，不断巩固和提高英语口语能力。
中级口语教程(复习汇总)
An Intermediate Course of Spoken English中级口语教程Unit 1 Campus Lifefreak out 震惊，畏惧awesome 引起敬畏的，使人惊惧的the scoop (尤指详情鲜为人知的)最新消息syllabus 课程提纲overlap 部分重叠intimidating 吓人的hectic 忙碌的land a job 得到工作freak out aboutbe on trackhelp you outskip classbe duedivide upbe on the testacademic advisorcome second tohold yourself up to high expectationsmajor ingraduate schoolhotel managementsupport yourself through schoollive offin terms ofspring fromtear roommates apartget on your nerveswear and tearfeel 'tied up in knots'have the final saybuild a good relation netlighten uptalent management systemmove economy forwardUnit 2 Presentationstart–up 刚成立的公司coauthor 合作伙伴feedback 反馈uncluttered 整洁的，整齐的freeze up 惊呆clue 线索take an increasingly active roleget off on the right footdo fineread their expressionsbe clear aboutin favor ofHave uncluttered slides and view your slides as emphasizers and reminders about what you want to say.be a slave toin real timeget up in front of an audiencean outline of about 80 wordsa rough draft of main ideasMay you succeed in tomorrow's presentation.in the learning processbuild up a logic cluecomb your thoughtsfunctional transitional signalstime and againday in and day outon the minds oflight rail trainlook–and–see approachUnit 3 Be Creativeintuitively 直觉地，直观地synthesize 综合，合成autism 孤独症plausible 似是而非的foster 培养，鼓励ethics 道德规范innate 先天的，天生的perseverance 坚定不移stonewall 妨碍，阻碍pop up 突然出现executive 经理，主管formula 公式，规则CEO(chief executive officer) 首席执行官visionary 有远见的salesmanship 推销术empower 使…能够，授权予…stand backsooner or laterinsiders are always wedded to orthodoxy and the inside success formula listen to the voices of peoplelook everything uphave a memory bankbounce backmove away frommarketing mixcareful listening, clear writing, close reading, plain speaking, and accurate description will be invaluableModern education stresses how to learn rather than what to learn. Everyone can teach the cated man something.Keep your eyes open and your mind at work.Questions are the root of all knowledge and creativity.we fuel our creative fireseek outtake overNothing sparks the mind like learning something new.in most casesmetaphorical thinkingmultimodal instructionUnit 4 Urbanizationburgeoning 增长迅速的infrastructure 基础设施dispute 争执requisition 征用expropriation 征用urban sprawl 城市扩张envision 想象，预想enthusiast 狂热者speculative 投机的rural–urban migrationoffer both opportunities and challengesbe in line withsecond–class citizensLand Administration Lawcrowd intosewage disposal systemsurban sprawlduring peak hourste current trendhave a futurethere's such a vast number of peopleby the way of the futureUnit 5 Tourismalleviation 缓和multiplier 成倍，连锁recipient 接受者guise 面貌，装束renovation 更新，修复amenities 便利设施the Changing of the Horse Guards 英国皇家卫队换班仪式Madame Tussaud's 杜莎夫人名人蜡像陈列馆observatory 天文台，气象台souvenir 纪念品bazaar 市场panoramic 全景的，全貌的tripod 三角鼎warlord 军阀nomad 游牧民renovate 修复ridge 山脉designate 指定archetypal 原型的quintessential 精华的，精髓的undermine 逐渐损害graffiti 涂写，乱画vandalism 恶意破坏公共财产的行为make a significant contribution toin one way or anotherwith no signs ofdirectly or indirectlypromote a better understanding of peopleTravel is one of the noblest human occupations.with a sincere desire tobuild bridges of mutual appreciations, respect and friendshiphave a positive effect onhave a multiplier effect onin its many different guisesget away fromcheck–inI have a reservation for tonight.You must have two guests under the name.Here we are.a roll–away bedThere has been a cancellation for this evening.I should get a discount for the inconvenience.a ticket for a free continental breakfastI'll throw a free room for the next time you visit us.the Speaker's cornerin that caseI've long heard about them.And I don't think you should miss the British Museum and Madame Tussaud's.if we can spare some time for thatdecide our routejade stonebrush up on their bargaining skillsTourists may climb the tower for panoramic views of the city.give visitors a opportunity tothe Monument to People's Heroesthe Bundthe Oriental Pearl TV Towerthe Pudong business districtThe Forbidden City has been home to a long line of emperors.be forced out ofkeep out ofa Key Cultural Relics Protection Site of Chinaballroom dancingWalking beneath the red flags of Tiananmen Square is quintessential Beijing.further considerationbe on the decreaseIt's a great honor todating back toHe who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.If any of you have questions, please feel free to ask me at any time. pack their bags to travel abroadthe sharp increase in numbersgo into effectUnit 6 Aging Societydiminish 减少，缩小diabetes 糖尿病dementia 痴呆demographic 人口学的quadruple 使成四倍fiscal meltdown 财政危机rein 控制，勒住rejuvenate 使年轻tailored service 合适的服务offspring 后代prenatal 产前的discernment 识别fetuses 胎儿(fetus的复数)feticide 堕胎Allowing couples one of whom has no siblings to have a second child 允许单独二胎one–child policyin real termsas things stand nowthanks tomassive transfer paymentsincremental fundstop–endCrossing the river by tiptoeing over the stones ahead.antioxidantat its rootpsychological counselingthe warning markoutnumber…by 10 percentmarriageableon a trial basisnursing bedreach the thresholdin its 12th Five–Year Planprivate capitallong life spanIt is not the years in your life, but the life in your tears that counts. Tsinghua Universitycolossalbridge the big pension gapUnit 7 Low-Carbon Societyresources–saving society 资源节约型社会aggregate 合计megawatt 兆瓦特ecological 生态学的depletion 耗尽optimization 有效利用endorse 认可，赞同along with rapid economic developmentIf we want to realize the goal of comprehensively building a moderately well–off society with gross demestic product(GDP) quadrupled and continously enhancing the capability of sustainable development in the year 2020…in the development of renewable energy resourcesbiomasscyclicgreat efforts should be made tostrengthen reserch onthermal energy ceramiccompatiblea resourves–saving societyraise the efficiency of resources utilization throughgasificationliquefactionsum upstrive forWhat measures should be taken to…curbadd heavy pressures onunveildemoteengenderdepletionencompassintertwinedsustainable developmentbe copied fromchemical oxygen demand(COD)environmental colonialisma harmonious, resources–saving and environment–friendly society hegemonyvie forresolutelydraw uponwork tirelessly tosupervisionpreachextravagancefrugalityinculcateEvery single grain on the meal tray is the fruit of hard work. unconsciously establish the awareness ofif all the people are actively involved in this campaignmake a long–awaited stepthe State Councilmore importantlygive a huge boost tolose its dazzling shineUnit 8 China Dreamrevival 复兴indomitable 不屈不挠的rejuvenation 复兴，振兴egalitarian 平等的aspirational 有雄心壮志的dwindling 减少的reconcile 使一致wade 蹚(水或淤泥等)preciousness 珍贵humiliation 耻辱，蒙羞bullying 恃强欺弱trillion 万亿franchise 特许经营权replicate 复制epistemological 认识论的pomp 盛况make persistent effortspress ahead with indominable willby means ofa service–driven economypopular concernsput a strain onbureaucracyHowever deep the water may be, we will wade into the water. PR(public relations)give back toa great vision for the futureHow's it going?be always on the movemake steps to achieve that dreama part time lecturerThe Chinese Dream not only steers a strategic blueprint for China's future development, it also reflects China's peaceful foreign policies in the new era and has far–reaching implications at home and abroad.However, China's basic national conditions remain unchanged, it has a huge population, a week economic foundation and unbalanced development.Development remains the country's top priority.commentatorpatronizesleep on the same pillowtry to climb out of povertyreliveMercedes–BenzBMW(Baravian Motor Works)This dream guarantees Chinese automotive industry a good future.villawe are at an age of information exlposionLong distance seperates no bosom friends.hit the jackpotbecome an overnight millionaireluck of peachhover overmisfit second–hand clothesrain–leaking roof of old adobe housestill echo in my dreamfill my cooing empty bellysucceed in the national college entrance examinationmy success set an example for my folksThey came to realize that schooling is a good way to change one's fate. based on my toilgive awayUnit 9 Environmentoutstrip 超越endow 赋予litigation 诉讼，起诉judiciary 司法部NGO 非政府组织extinct 灭绝的phase 阶段devastating 毁灭性的be more concerned withThe speed with which we are polluting the environment far outstrips our efforts to clean it up.the right and interest of the peoplelitigationjudiciaryon behalf ofout of concernwe will be hated by future generations for not saving "Mother Earth"a tiny bit of convenienceUntil you give something up, nothing will change.transientIt may be costly to be over optimistic—but more costly still to be too pessimistic.at the dawn ofMontreal ProtocolOzone Layerplundersanitationterrestrial aquaticbe at serious risk of extinctionat an alarming ratereefmitigationin terms offossil fuelno worse for the wearThis problem should put many more cities on guard.applaudobsessIt is undeniable that…Unit 10 Job Marketreadjustment 重新调整underpriviledged 贫穷的rationally 合理地gratis 免费的consultancy 顾问，咨询referral 推举，安排，介绍women's federation 妇联maternity 产期premium 保险费township 镇区tax break 暂停缴税pool 把…集中在一起利用probation 实习preferrential 优惠的recuperation 恢复，复原alleviation 减轻，缓和have a vital bearing onprerequisitejoint efforts should be made and effective measures should be takenYou'd talk it through?I've be meaning to talk to you.What's up?be laid offgratisreferralfederationat grassroots levelstax breakspooledin line withattach great importance to this problem inject more money intotake a proper attitude totake outIt is high time to…surging food pricesyear on yearWhat we need now is more action, less talk. be duty–bound toUnit 11 Culture Awareness culture shock 文化冲击jet lag 时差反应stereotype 刻板印象，老套crescent 新月static 静态的discrete 不连续的，离散的calamity 灾难sovereignty 主权stud 嵌钉posthumous 身后的picturesque 独特的altar 祭坛slab 厚片，板层In which aspects and to what extent?Mandarinpass onpropensityDingling MausoleumCircular Mound Altarterraceconcentricslabimperialthe difficulties are far outweighed by the advantages gatepostdoor panelauspiciouscelestialdemongoblinferociousintrudingritualaristocraticmeritoriousshow off their wealthsymmetryeulogizeinteractiveclerkirritatedfuriousstereotypedUnit 12 Sports and Games tone 调节stamina 耐力cholesterol 胆固醇diabetes 糖尿病harness 利用bounce 弹跳endirphin 内啡肽tournament 锦标赛humph 哼(表示不相信) cardiovascular 心血管的a positive body imagestretchingturn out to bea good body workoutput to good uselower blood pressurebe at a lesser risk ofbe less prone tothink with a cool headharness your planingthere is no match tomoleculeopen many employment avenues for cheerleadertherapisthubsports parksice hockeyYour country is very strong at table tennis, I think.nopehumphI'm not that out of shape.watch your dietcut back on the fatty foodstake up a little weightmy personal fitness instructorobeseillicithave unwanted teen pregnanciesmeet the developmental needs of adolescent girlsa sense of belonginga sense of mastery over one's bodyaccrueaggresivenessmediatedelinquentsprintdowngradedthe gaokao—the national college entrance examthe Ministry of EducationTime spent on sports is time worthwhile.If so, going for sports is never a waste of time.sedentarythe five "C's"—competence, confidence, connections, character, and caring the Centers for Disease Control and Preventionthe American Heart AssociationUnit 13 Harmonyamity 亲善，和睦fraternity 手足之情beef up 加强rein 控制，支配yawning 扩大的impoverished 贫穷的hinterland 内地supervision 监督fairness 公平justice 正义revitalize 新生tertiary 第三位的beneficiary 受益者backdrop 背景benchmark 基准bolster 支持prefecture 县councilor 委员macro–regulation 宏观调控subsidy 补贴monopolize 垄断Gini coefficient 基尼系数disparity 不一致，不等give full scope tolet outbalance different social interests and avoid social conflicts judicialideologicalmansionbe key toinitiativepose risk togravethe sense of missiontake up their responsibilities in the construction of a harmonious society The growing gap between the rich and the poor, corruption, and lack of protection mechanisms for some social groups are three of the major challenges that China will have to overcome as it sets about building a harmonious society.reduce the yawning gap between the rich and the poor and between China's wealthy coastal regions and the impoverished hinterlandbig challenges for China to take upget easy access toa systematic anti–corruption campaignWe will endeavor to develop a cycle economy, lower energy and resources consuption and build a resource conserving and environmentally friendly society and ensure sound balance between economic development, population, resources and environment.ensure steady growth in farmers' incomethe uneven distribution of resourcesbring hope to the poorThe pr oblem also lies in the fact that…by no meansBut scale does not necessarily mean competitiveness and equality, and quantity does not equal quality.So long as the problem of uneven distribution of resources continues to exist, the rapid growth in, and large scale of, our education system is no cause for satisfaction.consensusin the near futureconcertedtake into accountstated–owned enterprises (SOEs)exceed the danger level ofadapt to an average societya minimum living allowance systemcofferbuild a well–off society in an all–round waysubstantiveUnit 14 Foreign Affairshue 叫声benign 亲切的，和蔼的disparity 不等，不均衡devoid 缺乏的protract 延长，拖长pillar 柱子，栋梁accountable 负责任的unswervingly 坚定不移的giddy (使)眼花，(使)眩晕staggering 令人惊愕的outsource 外购appendix 附录inalienable 不能剥夺的premise 前提call forpluralismeradicateplay a ket roleDo you think it will become more influential or less?viableWhat's your view on…?At our current times, peace and development remain the theme while multi–polarism and globalization is developing in simuosity.I think the people of the world should share the opportunity and shoulder the challenge to achieve common development.China will continuously strictly abide by the UN Charter and other commonly recognized international norms, and forge friendly relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful coexistence.hegemonismtangibleChina adheres to the policy of expanding domestic demands and takes it as the basic pillar for promoting the economic and social progress.in a bid torecurringoutsourcingthe policy "one country, two systems"Taiwan is an inalienable part of Chinese territory.covetwe should spare no effort in building a new international political and economic order characterized by peace, tranquility, justice, respect and common prosperity.In a harmonious world, the understanding that "we share a common earth" should be universal.prongedregimenUnit 15 Science and Technologybewildering 不知所措的expedition (短途)旅行toil 辛苦工作groom 使整洁glitch 小故障doom 注定grievance 抱怨dashbiard 仪表盘fixture 固定事物，常客tabletlike 很小一片的paramedic 护理人员haptic 触觉的find the needle in the haystack 大海捞针distill 提取prototype 原型usher in 开创But now, traffic in cities moves more slowly than it did in the days of the horse–drawn carriage, and we waste our life stuck in traffic jams. syndromeslip into a comain the generation ofuraniumsidingberthcollierbargeresiduedeftlydashboardhumanoidproliferationtelemedicinediagnosticfiber–optichow to find the needle in the haystacka knowledge–based economyhave a promising futuregobblerUnit 16 Businessseniority 资历criterion 标准veteran 老练的，有经验的career ladder 职务级别L/C(letter of credit) 信用证L/C at sight 即期信用证CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价格aspiration 热望，渴望substantive 实质性的，重大的the deciding factorbe more prone toto meet their needsbring to outside talentseniorityspeculativemake a note oferodeProducts are built in a factory, but brand is built in the mind.seek our views onmake clear toperiodicSome men are born with a capacity for leadership.They support local arts, build parks, raise funds for charities, and try to put back some of their profits into the community that has made their success possible.shoddyshunLabor Contract Law。
中级英语口语教程
中级英语口语教程摘要：1.中级英语口语教程概述2.中级英语口语教程的主要内容3.如何有效使用中级英语口语教程4.中级英语口语教程的优点与不足正文：【中级英语口语教程概述】随着全球化的不断深入，英语在国际交流中的地位日益重要，掌握一口流利的英语口语成为了众多学习者的目标。
中级英语口语教程正是针对这一需求，为学习者提供系统、全面的英语口语学习指导。
本书旨在帮助学习者提高英语口语水平，使其在日常生活、工作和社交场合中能够自信地运用英语进行沟通。
【中级英语口语教程的主要内容】中级英语口语教程主要包括以下几个方面的内容：1.口语基础：包括音标、发音、重音和语调等基本知识，帮助学习者掌握标准的英语发音，为进一步提高口语水平打下坚实基础。
2.日常会话：涵盖日常生活的各种场景，如问候、介绍、购物、就餐等，让学习者在实际生活中能够灵活运用所学。
3.口语表达：包括句子扩展、篇章连接、修辞手法等，帮助学习者提高英语口语的表达能力，使其能够更加自然、流畅地与他人交流。
4.口语练习：提供丰富的练习材料，如角色扮演、情景对话、讨论等，让学习者在实践中不断提高英语口语水平。
【如何有效使用中级英语口语教程】要有效使用中级英语口语教程，学习者需遵循以下几点建议：1.坚持每天学习：学习英语口语需要时间和耐心，只有持之以恒，才能取得理想的效果。
2.大胆开口练习：学习者应抓住每一个机会，与他人进行英语口语交流，不断提高自己的口语水平。
3.创设语言环境：尽量让自己置身于英语环境中，如观看英语电影、参加英语角等，使自己逐渐适应使用英语进行思考和表达。
4.及时复习总结：学习者在学习过程中要注重复习和总结，巩固已学知识，查漏补缺。
【中级英语口语教程的优点与不足】中级英语口语教程的优点主要表现在：系统性强、实用性高、涵盖面广。
然而，也存在一些不足之处，如部分内容过于理论，需要学习者具备一定的英语基础。
中级英语口语教程
中级英语口语教程通读全文吴教授给出的建议是先听录音再去看书，但关于自学来说想必我们不可能不看书就去听音频，再者听音频必须要个特定的环境，并不如看文方便随时随地均可阅读，音频一来必须要宁静二来四周如有人听音频也是对人家的打搅，所以我给出的建议是首先拿到书后天天看一篇课文，或者每个lesson都可看一遍，不必须每个单词去看也不必须理解意思更不用在乎能不能读懂或者读出来，就类似大学的泛读一样。
其实中级的课文词汇还算可以，不是特别难，或许你可能不理解词组的含义但单词基本都能看懂，比初级稍难一点但比高级那是简单很多了，相当于高中英语的难度;看notes部分并记住在textB后边会有notes，每lesson都是如此，这应当是两篇短文中的难点或俚语类词组，看并大声读出来这样有助于你的记忆，然后记住他们。
这样做是为了后边的内容做准备，因为我们学的是口语而非单词语法，哪怕学单词也是为了让口语更声动以免我们到说时什么都说不出来。
学语言不是学哑巴语言，最后统规都是要为了跟外国人很好的交流〔沟通〕;精读全文，划出不明白意思的部分上面的notes已为我们解释了一部分，但是因为每个人的语言能力不同会的单词量不同，可能有的时候text的里有我们不熟悉不明白的内容，而notes里的却明白了。
没关系，正常阅读两篇短文，每篇不过一百多单词而且中间会插入对话内容，其实这些对话也是为了我们说口语时候用的，记录不明白的我们可以稍后去查询词典2如何提升你的英语口语水平英语角定期去参加英语角活动，就算自己不是很会说英语，只会简简单单的几句英语，努力把你会的说出来，多倾听他人是怎么说的，感受英语角的学习氛围。
英文歌曲平常自己日常生活中听的歌曲可以多下载一写英文歌曲听，或许你可以听不懂歌词的意思，但是你可以了解到英文的发音，这个是一种很愉快的学习方式。
小笔记本随身带着一本小的笔记本，碰到哪些英语问题可以记下，或者是哪些不理解的单词，回家后请教老师或者是朋友，这样可以养成随时学习的好习惯。
21世纪实用英语口语教程
21世纪实用英语口语教程With the rapid development of globalization and the increasing importance of English as a global language, it has become crucial for individuals to possess strong English speaking skills. In order to meet the demands of the 21st century, an effective and practical English oral communication course is essential. This article will explore the key components and strategies of a modern and practical English oral communication course.1. IntroductionIn the introduction section of the course, students should be provided with an overview of the importance of English oral communication skills in the current society. This can include discussions on the advantages of being proficient in English, such as enhanced career opportunities, improved intercultural communication, and broader access to information and knowledge.2. Communication StrategiesThe course should focus on equipping students with various communication strategies that will enable them to effectively express their thoughts, ideas, and opinions in English. These strategies can include active listening, asking for clarification, using body language and facial expressions, and adapting speech to different contexts. By practicing these strategies, students will develop the necessary skills to navigate real-life English conversations.3. Practical Vocabulary and ExpressionsAn essential aspect of any English oral communication course is the acquisition of practical vocabulary and expressions. Students should learn commonly used English phrases, idioms, and colloquial speech that will greatly enhance their ability to communicate with native English speakers. This can be achieved through exercises, role-plays, and discussions that incorporate everyday scenarios.4. Pronunciation and IntonationClear and accurate pronunciation is crucial for effective oral communication. The course should dedicate a significant portion of time to improving students' pronunciation and intonation skills. This can be achieved through extensive practice in correct pronunciation, emphasis on stress and intonation patterns, and the use of audio and video materials for modeling and imitation.5. Authentic MaterialsTo expose students to real-life English conversations, the course should incorporate authentic materials such as videos, podcasts, interviews, and dialogues. By listening to and practicing with authentic materials, students will develop a better understanding of natural English speech patterns, vocabulary usage, and cultural nuances. This will help them to become more confident and fluent in their oral communication.6. Interactive ActivitiesInteractive activities play a vital role in the English oral communication course. These activities can include group discussions, debates, role-plays, and presentations. Through engaging in these activities, students will haveample opportunities to practice their speaking skills, improve their fluency, and build their confidence in expressing their opinions and ideas in English.7. Cultural CompetenceIn addition to language proficiency, the course should also aim to develop students' awareness and understanding of English-speaking cultures. This can be done through cultural discussions, exploring cultural differences and similarities, and incorporating cultural events and practices into the curriculum. By developing cultural competence, students will be better equipped to navigate cross-cultural communication in English.8. Assessment and FeedbackTo ensure continual progress and improvement, the course should include regular assessments and constructive feedback. Students can be assessed through oral presentations, role-plays, and conversation exercises. Teachers should provide detailed feedback on students' pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary usage, and communication strategies. This will enable students to identify areas for improvement and actively work on enhancing their English oral communication skills.ConclusionIn conclusion, a practical English oral communication course for the 21st century should encompass a comprehensive range of strategies and components. By focusing on communication strategies, practical vocabulary, pronunciation, authentic materials, interactive activities, cultural competence, and regular assessment and feedback, students will develop the necessary skills and confidence to succeed in English oral communication. With astrong emphasis on practicality and real-life relevance, such a course will provide learners with the necessary tools to excel in the globalized world of the 21st century.。
中级口译Unit21InterpretingforReceptionService文档资料
亚非学院
▪ the school of Oriental and African Studies
▪ 人力资源部经理 ▪ top-notch 顶尖的
manager of Human Resources
▪ 能够成行 ▪ 百忙中抽空
make it
take time form one’s busy schedule
Housekeeping/ Room Service Department 客房 服务部（Is this the Housekeeping?是客房服 务部吗？）
5
▪ room rate 房价 standard rate标准价 advance deposit 定金
▪ twin room 带两张单人床的房间
13. Without Ms. Kelland’s last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere, probably in the middle of negotiations, I’m afraid.
16
14. Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Benbang cuisine takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements. It emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors.
2021年BEC商务英语中级口语考试指导(下)
BEC商务英语中级口语考试指导（下）下面是 ___的BEC中级口语考试指导，欢迎大家阅读!251.Penalty 罚款A: What is the penalty if the deliveries are late?B: Each day, we will be charged for one thousandth of the contract amount.A:如果发货迟了的话,罚金是多少?B:每天支付合同总金额的千分之一。
2.Phase review 阶段性审核A: Did we have any review for this phase?B: We did. There are still quite a few deliverables we need to work on again.A:我们这个阶段做审核了吗?B:做了,还有一些需要提交的文件需要重新修改。
3.Sum ___ry 概要,总结A: Could you provide a program status sum ___ry to me? B: Yes. I'll e ___il it to you.A:你能给我一份项目情况的概要吗?B:好的,我用 ___发给你。
4.Slipping 延期A: The program is slipping. What can we do about it? B: We should elevate the issues to our Director.A:这个项目在延期,我们该怎么办?B:我们应该把问题上报给我们的总监。
5.On time 准时A: We'd better have the prototype deliveries on time.B: We'll do our best to meet the deadline.A:我们最好准时发送样件。
B:我们会尽最大的努力按期发送。
中级口语教程：Tell Us About Your Hobbies
中级口语教程：Tell Us About Your HobbiesLesson 22Tell Us About Your HobbiesText AJOHN： Whatlike most,suppose,the fact that it's so unusual.mean, whentell people whatdo,they just look at me usually as if I'm mad.Maybeam,anyway whatdo is this.get up aboutquarter past six every morning.leave my wifebed because she's not as mad as me - andput my trunksunder under tracksuitdrive downpark with my clothesa case. It only takes about five minutes .becausethere's no trafficcourse at that timethe morning. So, whenget thereleavecarthe car parkrun roundbit.I usually runabout tenminutes till I'm nicewarm, then comesinteresting bit.run overcar,get my casethen overthe pool.take my tracksuit off-injump. It's pretty coldcan tell you especiallythe middlewinter-butdocouptequick lengthsthenclimb out, get changeddrivehome,just get backtimebreakfast - andnormally feel I've earnedtoo.JACK： Well, it's very detailed work you see, butfindvery relaxing. It'sstrangesuppose that something like this where you haveconcentratelot can be relaxinging, but you seemy job I'm always making decisionstelling people whatdo butnever actuplly see what I've done. Thiscompletely different.You see, here I'm actually making something myself.start withkite,usually it's got allbasic materialsit. Then you havecutout allshapes fromwoodstick them together. When you've madeframe,wingsthe fuselage, that is, you cover them with special paperpaint. Of course if it's goingfly properly, everything hasbe properly balanced, you know..must sayreally though.thinkenjoy actaually making them more than flying them.JANE： Wella sensesupposedo itsave money.mean things aresoincredibly .expensivethe shops nowadays days, aren't they? But that's notonly reason reallyNo,beautiful thingthat you can make what you want whenyou want-and inmaterial you've chosen.mean you don't havedependsomeparis designersay whatfashionable. If you like an idea you see thencourse youcan copy, butgives you much more independencedoyourself.mean obviouslytakes time , butenjoy,withsewing machinedoesn't take all that longmake even quite complicated things. And thenfinally you know that you've got something really unique. Especially if it'ssomething you've designed yourself.HARRY： Well,gives mechancebe alone-andme that'sreallymost Itimportant thingsuppose,after being with crowdspeople all week.gives you timethink, you know. And another thingthatgets meoutdoors.supposeisn't very energetic really afterall.mean youdon't do very much except just sit there, but at leastit'sthe fresh air.And that's more than you can saythings like darts, isn't it? No,that's really whatlike about it.I like having timethinkthe open air.I'm not terribly keenthe man against animal bit, you know manhunter against nature. No, actuallydon t usually catch very many youknow. And ifdo,always throw them straight back.Text BJEFF： What'sthe telly this evening?feel like relaxing.MARY： Why ask me that? You knownever watch it.JEFE： Too busy withlatest hobby, are you? Whatit this time, knitting socksyour nephews? Or collecting buttons?wishhad as much free time asyou do.MARY： Men! Asmatterfact, you probably have more thando. But you wasteall watching your telly.JEFF： That's notwastetime. I've gotrest sometimes.MARY： Sometimes , maybe , but not alltime. And anyway ,I relax with my hobbies.A changeas good asrest.JEFF： Well,telly's my hobby, andlearnlot from it.MARY： Butdoesn't teach youdo anything, does it? You ust sit therestareat it. That's not lerning.JEFF： Butdo learn. There are lotseducational programmes.MARY： But you don't watch them, do you? Whenever an educationalprogramme comes on, you eithes switch ovethe other channel or gosleep.JEFF： Whencome home from work.needput my feet up, at least forwhile.Life's not all work, you know.MARY： Hobbies aren't work, Jeff.like putting my feet up, too, atendtheday,butlike doing things whilerest. Life's too shortuswaste time.JEFF： Mary dear, as I've said many times, we're different. There are two kindspeoplethe world. . .MARY： know,know. Those who are never happy unlessthey're running about doingthings. . .JEFF： That's right,those who are never happy unless they're doing nothing. I'monethe latteryou. . .MARY： know, dear. I'm onethe former. And proudit.JEFF： So now we agree. Live,let live. You can go peacefully backyour -buttoncollection, andcan watch TV.MARY： If only you organised yourself better, there's so much you could do, really.You're wasting your talents. And one last thing I'm not collecting buttons.JEFF： What are you doing then? Making sculptures from potatoes?MARY： No, I'm learning howmake Turkish cakes,the first ones came out very well.Of course, if you're too tired,won't insistyou trying them.Additional lnformationA hobby can be almost anythingperson likesdohis spare time. Hobbyists raise pets, build model ships, weave baskets, or carve soap figures.They watch birds, hunt animals, climb mountains, raise flowers, fish, ski, skate,swim. Hobbyists also paint pictures, attend concertsplays,performmusical instruments. They collect everything frombooksbutterflies,from shellsstamps.People take up hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment, friendship, knowledge,relaxation. Sometimes they even yield financial profit. Hobbies help people relax after periodshard work,providebalance between workplay. Hobbies also offer interesting activitiespersons who have retired. Anyone, rich or poor, old or young, sick or well, can followsatisfying hobby, regardlesshis age, position, or income.Hobbies can helpperson's mentalphysical health. Doctors have found that hobbies are valuablehelping patients recover from physical or mental illness. Hobbies give bedridden or wheel-chair patients somethingdo,provide interests that keep them from thinking about themselves. Many hospitals treat patients by having them take up interesting hobbies or pastimes.In early times, most people were too busy makinglivinghave many hobbies. But some persons who had leisure did enjoy hobbies. The ancient Egyptians played games with balls madewood, pottery,papyrus. some GreeksRomans collected miniature soldiers.People today have more time than ever beforehobbies. Machinesautomation have reducedamounttime they must spendtheir jobs. Hobbies provide varietyworkers who dosame monotonous tasks all day long. More people are retiring than ever before,at an earlier age. Those who have developed hobbies never needworry about whatdo with their newly-found leisure hours.Sir William Osler,famous Canadian doctor, expressedvaluehobbies by saying, "No manreally happy or safe withouthobb.y, andmakes precious little difference whatoutsidc interest may be-botany, bcetles, or butterflies; roses, tulips, or irises： fishing, mountaimeering, or antiques - anything。
英语中级听力课程Lesson21and22
英语中级听力课程Lesson21and22第一篇：英语中级听力课程Lesson 21and22Lesson 21Stuart: What did you do last night then? Did you work all night?Judy: Yes, I did some work(Yes)but erm...I watched a bit of TV...(Uh-huh)got to relax, you know.Stuart: Did you watch the football?Judy: No, no I didn't.I can't bear football.Stuart: Really?Judy: Yes.I really hate it.(Yes)Well, actually, just before the football came on, I switched over(Yes)just to...just to protest.Stuart: What did you see then?Judy: Well, I saw the programme before...just the end of a film(Uh-huh)that was on before the football.It looked quite good actually.It's a shame I didn't erm...switch on earlier.It was some kind of love story...with Dustin Hoffman, you know, the erm...Stuart: The Graduate?Judy: That's it.The Graduate.Stuart: Yes.I know.I've seen that.(Yes)Yes, good...good film.Judy: Yes, and nice music.(Mm-mm)And then, when the football came on I turned over.Stuart: Terrible, terrible!Judy: I hate it!I really can't stand it.Stuart: It was a great game!Judy: Yes?(What did)Who was playing?Stuart: England of course.(Oh)What did you see then that was more important than football?Judy: Foxes.Yes, a good programme on foxes.(Uh-huh)Yes, they spent ages watching these foxes in a house.(Yes)They were watching them all night and these little baby foxes...it was tremendous.Stuart: Yes, sounds all right.Judy: Yes, it wasgood;better than football...and then, then I turned over, back to the other channel(Mm-mm)to see who won the football, but I missed it and I just saw the beginning of the News and packed up and went to bed.Stuart: Well, I'm sorry you missed it.It was a good game.Judy: Yes? Who did win?Stuart: England, of course.Who do you think?(Ah)Six nil.(Yes)Yes.Judy: Must have been quite good then!Stuart: Yes, it was good, actually.It was very good.(Mm)Commentator: It's Carter to serve—he needs just one more point.He serves.AND SMITH MISSES!WHAT A GREAT SERVE!...So the championship goes to 19-year-old Harry Carter.Who d've believed it a week ago? Poor old Smith just shakes his head in bewilderment.Well, well!What a way to finish it off!...And now I'll hand you over to Peter Plumber, who's on court waiting to interview the two finalists.Plumber: Thank you, David.Well Harry, congratulations on a marvellous victory.You were on tremendous form.Carter: Thank you, Peter.Nice of you to say so.You know, well, I think I won because, well, I just knew all along I was in with a good chance.Plumber: Yes, you certainly were pretty convincing today, but what about the earlier rounds? Any nervous moments?Carter: Well, you know, I was a bit nervous against Jones when he took the lead in the second set, but then...er...Plumber: Yes, that was in the quarter-finals, wasn't it? And of course you met Gardener in the next round, didn't you? Er...the score was...er...6-4, 7-5, wasn't it?Carter: Yes, that was quite a tough match, I suppose, but...er...Plumber: Anything else you'd like to add?Carter: Well, I would like to say how sorry I am for John Fairlight not making it past the quarter-finals.He's unbeatable,you know, on his day, and...er...I'd also like to say what a terrific job the officials here have done you know, the ballboys and linesmen and umpires and so on.You know...er...lots of players have been complaining, but...er...Plumber: Well, that's great.Harry, Well done again.And now let's have a quick word with the runner-up to the title, Mark Smith.If you just stand over here, Mark...that's right...Well, bad luck, Mark.It wasn't really your day, was it? I mean, what a terrible final set!Anyway, the less said about that the better, as I'm sure you'll agree.Smith: Yeah, but you know, I did pretty well to beat Hutchins in the semis and...er...what's his name?...Brown in the quarter-finals.And, I mean, what a terrible umpire, eh? I mean, half of Carter's points were on...er...doubtful decisions, weren't they?Plumber: Well, that's probably a bit of an exaggeration, but anyway it's time for us to leave the tournament now at the end of a tremendously exciting week, and I hand you back to the studio in London.Chairman: Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, I declare the meeting open, and I take it you all have a copy of the agenda, so we'll take the minutes of our last meeting as read and get straight down to business.Now, the proposal before you is that we should see if we can reduce the size of the Olympic Games in any way and thereby ease the burden placed on the host city.We all know that each time we hold the Games this burden increases because of the vast undertaking it is to host them.Today, however, I only want to sound out your opinion of this proposal, so this is really no more than an exploratory meeting.Mrs.Armstrong: Could I say something straight away, Mr.Chairman?Chairman: Yes, Mrs.Armstrong.Mrs.Armstrong: I can't accept your proposal at all on the grounds that I feel that to reduce thesize of the Olympic Games would seriously damage their character, detract from their universal appeal and penalize certain countries if we start arbitrarily throwing things out before...Herr Müller: Yes, Mrs.Armstrong, if I may interrupt you for a moment.I think we all sympathize with your point of view, but we mustn't overlook the main point of this meeting put forward by the Chairman, which is to see if we can cut down the programme a bit, without in any way damaging the overall appeal of the Games, so let's not reject the proposal out of hand before we've had a chance to discuss it.Mrs.Armstrong: Very well, Herr Müller, bu t I'd like to state here and now that I'm totally opposed to any reduction in the number of events in the Games.Chairman: Your objections will be noted, Mrs.Armstrong, but to get back to the point of the meeting, could I hear from the rest of you what you feel? Sr.Cordoba, for example, what's your opinion?Sr.Cordoba: Reluctant as I am to alter the composition of the Olympic Games, I can see the point that in terms of space and financial demands, the host city is subjected to a lot of difficulty.The costs seem to soar phenomenally every time we stage the Olympics, so we might be able to make one or two savings here and there.There is, for instance, quite a strong lobby against boxing because of its apparently violent nature so I did wonder if...Mrs.Armstrong: But that is one of the most popular sports in the world, and one of the oldest.Sr.Cordoba: Agreed, but people get a lot of boxing on their television screens all the year round, so I was just thinking that we might be able to drop that from the programme.Football, too, is another thing which already enjoys a lot of television coverage, and as it takes up a lot of space accommodating all the football pitches, mightn't wealso perhaps consider dropping that too?Mrs.Patel: Mr.Chairman...Chairman: Yes, Mrs.Patel.Mrs.Patel: I wholeheartedly endorse what Sr.Cordoba said about boxing and football.In my opinion we should concentrate on some of the more unusual sports which are rarely seen on our screens such as fencing and archery, for a change, since it is on TV that the majority of people watch the Games.Herr Müller: Perhaps we could cut out hockey along with football because, relatively speaking, that too takes up a lot of space, as measured against its universally popular appeal.Mrs.Patel: I can see your point, Herr Müller, and as one of the basic tenets of the Olympic Games is individual excellence, I feel we ought to concentrate on those sports which really are a true test of the individual, I, therefore, suggest we cut out—that is, if we go ahead with this idea—the team games such as basketball, volleyball, football and hockey.Mrs.Armstrong: But then you're sacrificing some of the most interesting items in the programme.People like to watch team games as well as take part in them;it'll be very dull without them.Chairman: I think Mrs.Armstrong has made a very valid point.We ought to keep some of the team games, although I am inclined to agree with what has been said about football.Sr.Cordoba: There's one thing I would like to say about this and that is to suggest that we could remove from the programme sports like sailing and canoeing and possibly the equestrian events, where the test is not so much of the stamina of the competitor but of his skill in handling the boat or whatever.Mrs.Armstrong: What about the pentathlon, then? Riding is one part of that, so we are going to need facilities to cater for that in any case, so why not use them for horse-riding as well—or do you think we should axe that too?Chairman: Well, let's not get too heated about it, as this is only a preliminary discussion about possibilities and we are not yet in a position to make any final decisions.I will, however, briefly summarize what has been said so far, as I understand it.Mrs.Armstrong is totally opposed to reducing the size of the Games in any way at all.There is one body of opinion in favour of removing from the Games those sports which are already well represented in other international contests and in the media.Another strand of thought is that we should concentrate on individual excellence by cutting out the team games featured in the programme, and Mrs.Patel suggested we ought to focus attention on the more unusual sports in the programme which do not normally gain so much international attention.Sr.Cordoba also brought up the idea that we could drop boxing because of its seemingly violent nature.There was also an opinion voiced that we might exclude events where the skills of a competitor in handling a horse or yacht, for example, were being tested, rather than the stamina of the individual himself, as is the case with, say, athletics.Well, it is quite clear that we shall need to discuss this further, but in the meantime I think we'd better move on to something else...1.The houses they lived in were not meant to be permanent dwellings;as a matter of fact, we have no remaining evidence of their houses.Probably in the summertime they lived up on the mesa top near their fields, in temporary structures made of poles and brush.In winter they most likely moved down to the caves in the cliffs for warmth and protection against the snow.2.People were experimenting and changing their methods of potting;the broken pieces are evidence of the steps in the process.The first attempt at pottery came as women mixed clay, a kind of dirt, with water to make pots.When the clay dried,however, it crumbled and fell apart.Clearly this would not work.The second idea was to add extra material to bind the clay together: grass, straw, or pieces of bark.This held the pot together very well until it was set on the fire.Then the binding material burned up, leaving a pot full of holes.Again the Anasazi women tried to find the secret of success.They added sand or volcanic grit to the clay to make it harder, and they baked the pots before using them.This final step proved to be successful, and it is the basic method which is still used today.3.The pots which the women made this way were far superior to baskets for carrying, cooking, and storing food and water.Now the people could add beans, a rich source of protein, to their diet.Water could be stored safely over long periods.Life became much easier, and so effort could now be spent on other developments.4.Their culture developed to its height, and the main improvement was in housing.The earlier pit houses were modified to one-story row houses, made with pieces of stone.Several separate buildings stood near each other like a small village.Some villages were as large as several hundred rooms and could contain as many as a thousand people.The name for this kind of house and for these Indians is “Pueblo”, which is the Spanish word for “village”.Christine: Harry, as an American, have you noticed any strong class distinctions in English society since you've been here?Harry: Strong class distinctions? Yes, they haven't changed at all—that's what—that's what amuses me—in fifteen years or fourteen years—that the stratification is exactly the same as it was when I first came.It's extraordinary that it pervades everything.Anna: What is class distinction? Because I don't know whether it's what job they do or...Harry: It's people's accents.In Pygmalion, you know, it goes back to, as soon as you open yourmouth in England you're immediately you know placed.Anna: Do you mean that there aren't different accents in America?Harry: Not—of course there are different accents—but they're not as—they're not nearly as clearly defined.Anna: But I mean, don't—doesn't a certain strata of American society use perhaps more slang than another one? More correct?Harry: Not the way they do in England.In England they seem to really stick together.I mean I went the other week for the first time in my life to a point-to-point and I couldn't believe what I found.There I was in the middle of Lincolnshire and we went through muddy fields and suddenly we came upon this parking lot with nine thousand Range Rovers in it and everyone going 'Oh, hello darling.How are you?' you know and it was hilarious I mean and they were all you know this meeting of the clan and that certainly doesn't happen in America and all those people spoke the same way.Barrie: But that—yes, I live in the middle of the country in the south and I must say when I moved there I noticed—I mean of course I'd been aware of class before that but I had no idea that the lines between them were so rigid.I lived on an estate of a very big and successful farm until recently, and so the farm of course was run by the landed gentry who all went hunting and to point-to-point and all the rest of it.I lived next door to the groom who was—who despised them because they did all this and he had to just get the horses ready, um but at the same time he was terribly fond of them and they of him and there was all this sort of paternalistic attitude to the country workers that still goes on.I was staggered and nobody knew where to put me because I was living in a tied cottage that was tied to the farm, um but because I didn't work with any of them they were all uneasy with me.Most peculiar.Christine: But I think you raise avery good point there Barrie because you're in fact talking about yourself not fitting into either of these two extremes and I'd like to ask Harry again how many classes he can see very clearly defined.Barrie: In England?Christine: In England, yes.Harry: Well, I guess, three off the top of my head.I mean not counting immigrants and foreigners.Yes, I mean there's the middle class is the most snobbish of all it seems to me.You know, they're the most aware of the whole system really because they're upwardly mobile usually you know they hope to be, and they're the ones—I mean the upper class are what I find extraordinary—they seem to be totally uninhibited for the most part.I think it's extraordinary.I mean I'm not passing any moral judgements on them but it still exists...John: Because they've got the confidence...Anna:...and the money...Barrie:...confidence and the money...John: Well no, I don't think money's much to do with it actually.Anna: How can you change it? I mean how would you change it? Harry: I'm not saying it should be changed...Anna: No, no, no, no.I don't—I mean people do say that it should be changed.Politicians say that we should have total equality which I don't believe you can ever have in anything.Harry: Well there should be equality of opportunity.I mean at least it's a nice ideal to have, isn't it? Public school was hard compared to what I'd had before, day school on the reservation and a year at Sequoyah Government School.I almost flunked eighth grade at the public school, and it was a miracle that I passed.I just didn't know a lot of things, mathematics and stuff.I survived it somehow.I don't know how, but I did.The man who was head of the department of education at the Agency was the only person outside of my family who helped me and encouraged me to get an education.He understood and reallyhelped me with many things I didn't know about.For a long time the white public school for the Big Cypress area would not let Indian children attend.A boy and I were the first Big Cypress Indians to graduate from that school.He is now in the armed forces.After I graduated from high school, I went to business college, because in high school I didn't take courses that would prepare me for the university.I realized that there was nothing for me to do.I had no training.All I could do was go back to the reservation.I thought maybe I'd go to Haskell Institute, but my mother was in a TB hospital, and I didn't want to go too far away.I did want to go on to school and find some job and work.So the director of education, at the Agency said, maybe he could work something out for me so I could go to school down here.I thought bookkeeping would be good because I had had that in high school and loved it.So I enrolled in the business college, but my English was so bad that I had an awful time.I had to take three extra months of English courses.But that helped me.I never did understand why my English was so bad—whether it was my fault or the English I had in high school.I thought I got by in high school;they never told me that my English was so inferior, but it was not good enough for college.It was terrible having to attend special classes.At college the hardest thing was not loneliness but schoolwork itself.I had a roommate from Brighton, one of the three reservations, so I had someone to talk to.The landlady was awfully suspicious at first.We were Indians, you know.She would go through our apartment;and if we hadn't done the dishes, she washed them.We didn't like that.But then she learned to trust us.College was so fast for me.Everyone knew so much more.It was as though I had never been to school before.As soon as I got home, I started studying.I read assignments both before andafter the lectures.I read them before so I could understand what the professor was saying, and I read them again afterwards because he talked so fast.I was never sure I understood.In college they dressed differently from high school, and I didn't know anything about that.I learned how to dress.For the first six weeks, though, I never went anywhere.I stayed home and studied.It was hard—real hard.(I can imagine what a real university would be like.)And it was so different.If you didn't turn in your work, that was just your tough luck.No one kept at me the way they did in high school.They didn't say, “OK, I'll give you another week.” Gradually I started making friends.I guess some of them thought I was different.One boy asked me what part of India I was from.He didn't even know there were Indians in Florida.I said, “I'm an American.” Things like that are kind of hard.I couldn't see my family often, but in a way that was helpful because I had to learn to adjust to my new environment.Nobody could help me but myself.Well, I graduated and went down to the bank.The president of the bank had called the agency and said he would like to employ a qualified Indian girl.So I went down there, and they gave me a test, and I was interviewed.And then they told me to come in the following Monday.That's how I went to work.I finished college May 29, and I went to work June 1.I worked there for three years.In the fall of 1966, my father and the president of the Tribal Board asked me to come back to Big Cypress to manage a new economic enterprise there.It seemed like a dream come true, because I could not go back to live at Big Cypress without a job there.But it was not an easy decision.I liked my bank work.You might say I had fallen in love with banking.But all my life I had wanted to do something to help my people, and I could do that only by leaving my bank job in Miami.Being the person Iam, I had to go back.I would have felt guilty if I had a chance to help and I didn't.But I told my daddy that I couldn't give him an answer right away, and I knew he was upset because he had expected me to jump at the chance to come back.He did understand, though, that I had to think about it.He knew when I went to live off the reservation that I had had a pretty hard time, getting used to a job, getting used to people.He knew I had accomplished a lot, and it wasn't easy for me to give it up.But that's how I felt.I had to think.At one time it seemed to me that I could never go back to reservation life.But then really, through it all, I always wished there was something, even the smallest thing, that I could do for my people.Maybe I'm helping now.But I can see that I may get tired of it in a year, or even less.But right now I'm glad to help build up the store.If it didn't work out, if the store failed, and I thought I hadn't even tried, I would really feel bad.The basic thing about my feeling is that my brothers and sisters and nieces and nephews can build later on in the future only through the foundation their parents and I build.Maybe Indian parents don't always show their affection;but they have taught us that, even though we have a problem, we are still supposed to help one another.And that is what I am trying to do.Even when we were kids, if we had something and other kids didn't, we must share what we had...By the age of nine, girls were expected to take complete care of younger children.I too had to take care of my little brother and sister.I grew up fast.That's just what parents expected.Now teenagers don't want to do that, so they get angry and take off.Head Start and nurseries help the working mothers because older children don't tend the little ones anymore.The old ways are changing, and I hope to help some of the people, particularly girls about my age, change to somethinggood.There are people on the reservation who don't seem to like me.Maybe they are jealous, but I don't know why.I know they resent me somehow.When I used to come from school or from work back to the reservation, I could tell some people felt like this.I don't think that I have ever, ever, even in the smallest way, tried to prove myself better or more knowing than other people.I have two close friends here, so I don't feel too lonely;but other people my age do not make friends with me.I miss my sister, and I miss my roommate from Miami.My two friends here are good friends.I can tell them anything I want.I can talk to them.That's important, that I can talk to them.That's what I look for in a friend, not their education, but for enjoyment of the same things, and understanding.But there are only two of them.I have not been able to find other friends.The old people think I know everything because I've been to school.But the old people don't have the kind of experience which allows them to understand our problems.They think that it is easy somehow to come back here.They think there is nothing else.They do not understand that there are things I miss on the outside.They do not understand enough to be friends.They are kind, and they are glad that I am educated, but they do not understand my problems.They do not understand loneliness...1.One wonders how, then, these students have arrived at such a false conclusion.One reason, of course, may be that they're science students.Scientific terms generally possess only one, precisely defined, meaning.It is, in fact, exactly this quality that makes these words distinctive in English, or indeed in any other language.Another reason could be the way in which these students were taught English.For example, long vocabulary lists are still an important feature in the foreign language learning programmes of many countries.On one sideof the page is the word in English;on the other side a single word in the student's native language.2.Practically all the students think that every word in English had an exact translational equivalent in their own language.Again this is a gross distortion of the truth.Sometimes a word in the student's native language may not have an equivalent in English at all, which may have to employ a phrase as a translation.Sometimes one word in the student's language may be translated by one of two possible words in English.The difficulty that many students have with the two verbs 'do' and 'make' is an example of this.Often the area of meaning covered by one word in the student's language may be wider or narrower than the area of meaning covered by a corresponding word in English.This sometimes happens with the naming of colours, where most students would expect an exact correspondence between their language and English.The borders between the primary colours of the spectrum are, however, drawn at different places in different languages.Translation, in fact, is a particularly difficult thing to do well.It certainly can't be done by matching single words from one language by single words from another.At first, those computer scientists who attempted to construct an automatic translation machine made this mistake.The machines often produced nonsense.3.What, then, is the best way to increase one's vocabulary in a foreign language? This can be answered in three words.Firstly, observation: the unknown word should be observed in its context;in other words, the neighbouring words and the grammatical construction should be noted.A good dictionary should be referred to and examples of the usage of the word should be noted.Secondly, imitation: the student should use the new word in appropriate contexts, imitating the examples he hasnoted.Finally, repetition: he'll need to practise using the word several times before he's confident that he can use it correctly;in other words, repetition is necessary if the new word is to 'stick', and especially if it is to enter the student's active vocabulary.第二篇：英语中级听力第二课印第安人原文翻译)土生美洲人，人们都叫他们“印第安人”。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
中级口语教程21
Why Are They So Unlucky? Text A I wonder why so many shop-assistants are so foultempered? Inspite of so many "campaigns" to improve the services in the past years, we see no appreciable change so far. If Dad and Mum are to be believed, the services used to be quite good in the fifties. But then, they always say everything used to be good in the fifties. I find the older people grow, the more nostalgic they become. Now Granny never lets a day go by without remi-niscing on the good old things in the good old days . Once when she saw Xiao Hong and me eating some mooncakes with relish, she said pityingly, "You poor children, you don't know what real mooncakes taste like. The worst in the old tasted much better than the best that rnoney can buy nowadays!" We burst out laughing, not taking her words seriously. Now to come back to the bad service in shops and department stores. People often say that when you buy something, you are spending money to buy rudeness and anger. Today I saw a loing exactly that.
I was at a department store and I happened to witness a typical quarrel. I was next to a counter selling tea and I saw an elderly man come up and ask a young woman was busy weighing and wrapping tea into standard-sized "packs "Do you have very good green tea?" The woman glanced up to size him up. He was ordinarily dressed and spoke with a provincial accent. obviously a man of no consequence. She went on with her work and the man had to repeat his question. After another pause the woman snorted out: "Yes: Twenty-six yuan a liang. " Not believing his ears, the man tried to correct her. "You mean twenty-six yuaw a jin?" Upon this the woman flared up and shouted: "I said twenty-six yuan a LIANG ! Can't you hear straight? If you want a jin, then it's two hundred and sixty yuan. Is that CLEAR?" The man seemed to be stunried by her sudden outburst but he kept his temper and asked again. "Do you have some thing under two yuan' a Liang?" Obviously she was makinj things difficult for the old man for she answered as rudely as be fore;"What do you mean under two yuan? Anything from on cent to one yuan ninety-nine cents is under two yuan. " I don't remember what exaetly
the man said , but somehow he manage to find out there was a kind costing one yuan ninety-six a liang "Can you show it to me?" "Do you want to buy it or not?" "Well, I want to look at the leaves and smell the flavoc first. " "You can look , smell , eat , drink or do whatever you like with it at home. Here I only sell tea. If you want to buy it, buy it. If you can't afford it, don't come here to waste people's time Obviously you don't know what is proper in Beijing ! " "Look here young lady, it's you who don't know what proper! I have been living in Beijing long before you were born, and I've never seen anyone as rude as you are. Your job is to serve the customers , not to insult them. Now for the last time are you going to show me the tea or not?" "And for the last time I am telling it to you. Either buy it or get out of here! I know the likes of you-you want something good, and yet grudge the money you have to spend on it!" "This is insufferable 1 Who is in charge here? I want to see your head ! " "My head? It's on my shoulders. Take a good look if you want to. " The old man went away fuming. "I've got down your number ber. I'll write to the Evening News. " The threat didn't seem to frighten the girl. At most she'll have to make a self-criticism, which costs her nothing. Even if she should lose a month's bonus, it is only a few yuan. But if she could be sacked, I bet she wouldn't dare to be so rude and aggressive. Text B All the housewives who went to the new supermarket had one great ambition: to be the lucky customer who did not have to pay for her shopping. For this was what the notice just insid。