2019年高考英语二轮专题复习第一部分语法题型突破篇专题一语法填空题型二自由填空高考命题7名词

名词性从句

A

(2017·河南豫南九校质量考评Ⅶ)Researchers from the University of Michigan have found that astronauts' brains change shape during spaceflight. It is the first study __1__(look) into how the brain changes in space.Researchers looked at high­tech MRI(磁共振成像) pictures of the brains of 26 astronauts who spent time in space. Twelve of the __2__(astronaut) spent two weeks on the space shuttle, and 14 spent six weeks on the International Space Station. All of them __3__(experience) increases and decreases in the size of __4__(differ) parts of the brain. The longer an astronaut spent in space，the __5__(big) the size differences were.

The research produced some __6__(interest) findings. One is that no gravity means fluids do not drop in the body, __7__ there is a shift in the brain's position inside the skull. The brain becomes either smaller or bigger. The findings could help doctors to treat problems that affect the brain's function. They could treat people with problems __8__(cause) by long­term bad rest. They could also help those who have a build­up of fluid in the brain, which can lead __9__ brain damage. We will understand more about __10__ neurons(神经元)in the brain connect. The findings will also help future trips to Mars.

答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现在太空飞行期间宇航员们的大脑会变形，同时这一发现会对医学有所帮助。

1．to look 解析：名词被序数词修饰且该名词与后面作定语的非谓语动词为逻辑上的主动关系时，需用不定式形式作定语，故填to look。

2．astronauts 解析：句意：这些宇航员中有12人在航天飞机上度过了两周，有14人在国际太空站度过了6周。根据前面的“Twelve of the”可推知设空处填名词复数形式，故填astronauts。

3．experienced 解析：根据上句中的spent可推知设空处需用一般过去时，故填experienced。

4．different 解析：设空处需用形容词(different)作名词parts的定语。

5．bigger 解析：本题考查“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”句型，意为“越……，越……”。故填bigger。

6．interesting 解析：句意：该项研究产生了一些有趣的发现。设空处用形容词作定语，故填interesting。

7．so 解析：前后两个分句为因果关系，故填并列连词so。

8．caused 解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词problems与cause为逻辑上的被动关系，故填caused。

9．to 解析：句意：它们也可以帮助那些脑积水的病人，脑积水可能会导致大脑损伤。lead to为固定短语，意为“导致”。

10．how 解析：句意：我们会更多地了解大脑中的神经元是如何连接的。“__10__ neurons(神经元)in the brain conn ect”为宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。该从句中缺少方式状语，故填how。

B

(2018·河北邯郸高三质检)Gabi Rizea only discovered his talent for woodcarving three years ago，and has since put __1__ to good use, saving dozens of old tree stumps(树桩) from __2__(remove) by turning them into impressive works of art.

Rizea became a woodcarver __3__(complete) by accident. Three years ago, after buying himself a new chainsaw(链锯), he __4__(start)“playing” with it on a block of wood. He tried carving a human face into the wood, and to his surprise, it turned out pretty good. Today, he is so good at woodcarving that his home city allows him to work his magic on old tree stumps and so far about 40 works of art __5__(create) in the local parks.

“In 99% of the cases, the wood just doesn't match my ideas，” he said in a n interview. “I first have to remove all the rotten parts, and sometimes，__6__ is left isn't enough for my designs.”

Following his recent rise to fame, Rizea has been asked by many __7__ (city), including the capital of Romania to transform their old tree trunks __8__ works of art. He promised to honor their requests, but he will never repeat any of the aitworks __9__ (find) in his home city.

In spite of his obvious talent, the Romanian __10__ (art) recently got into art school in order to fully master woodcarving.

答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了拥有做木雕天赋的加比·里泽亚的故事。

1．it 解析：考查代词。句意：加比·里泽亚三年前才发现自己有木雕方面的天赋，自此之后，他就把这种天赋充分利用了起来……根据语境可知，此处缺少宾语，指代his talent，所以填it。put...to good use意为“好好利用……”，是固定搭配。

2．being removed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：……(他)通过把老树桩做成令人印象深刻的艺术品的方式挽救了许多老树桩，使其避免了被清除的命运。介词from后面应该跟动名词(短语)作宾语；又因为old tree stumps和remove之间为被动关系，所以用动名