内燃机专业英语DOC
发动机专业英语词汇
发动机分类1 往复式内燃机reciprocating internal combustion engine2 化油器式发动机carburetor engine3 转子发动机rotary engine4 旋轮线转子发动机rotary trochoidal engine5 二冲程发动机two-stroke engine6 四冲程发动机four-stroke engine7 增压式发动机supercharged engine8 风冷式发动机air-cooled engine9 油冷式发动机oil-cooled engine10 水冷式发动机water-cooled engine11 自然进气式发动机naturally aspirated engine12 煤气机gas engine13 液化石油气发动机liquified petroleum gas engine14 柴油煤气机diesel gas engine15 多种燃料发动机multifuel engine16 石油发动机hydrocarbon engine17 双燃料发动机duel fuel engine18 热球式发动机hot bulb engine19 多气缸发动机multiple cylinder engine20 对置活塞发动机opposed piston engine21 对置气缸式发动机opposed-cylinder engine22 十字头型发动机cross head engine23 直列式发动机in-line engine24 星型发动机radial engine25 筒状活塞发动机trunk-piston engine26 斯特林发动机stirling engine27 套阀式发动机knight engine28 气孔扫气式发动机port-scavenged engine29 倾斜式发动机slant engine30 前置式发动机front-engine31 后置式发动机rear-engine32 中置式发动机central engine33 左侧发动机left-hand engine34 右侧发动机right-hand engine35 短冲程发动机oversquare engine36 长冲程发动机undersquare engine37 等径程发动机square engine38 顶置凸轮轴发动机overhead camshaft engine39 双顶置凸轮轴发动机dual overhead camshaft engine40 V形发动机V-engine41 顶置气门发动机valve in-head engine42 侧置气门发动机side valve engine43 无气门发动机valveless engine44 多气门发动机multi-valve engine45 卧式发动机horizontal engine46 斜置式发动机inclined engine47 立式发动机vertical engine48 W形发动机w-engine49 I形发动机I-engine50 L形发动机L-engine51 F形发动机F-engine52 原机Engine prototype发动机性能53 二冲程循环two-stroke cycle54 四冲程循环four-stroke cycle55 狄塞尔循环diesel cycle56 奥托循环otto cycle57 混合循环mixed cycle58 定容循环constant volume cycle59 工作循环working cycle60 等压循环constant pressure cycle61 理想循环ideal cycle62 热力循环thermodynamic cycle63 冲程stroke64 活塞行程piston stroke65 长行程long stroke66 上行程up stroke67 下行程down stroke68 进气行程intake stroke69 充气行程charging stroke70 压缩行程compression stroke71 爆炸行程explosion stroke72 膨胀行程expansion stroke73 动力行程power stroke74 排气行程exhaust stroke75 膨胀换气行程expansion-exchange stroke76 换气压缩行程exchange-compression stroke77 上止点top dead center(upper dead center)78 下止点lower dead center(bottom dead center)79 上止点前budc(before upper dead center)80 上止点后atdc(after top dead cetner)81 下止点前bbdc(before bottom dead center)82 下止点后abdc(after bottom dead center)83 排气量displacement84 发动机排量engine displacement85 活塞排量piston swept volume86 气缸容量cylinder capacity87 单室容量single-chamber capacity88 容积法volumetry89 压缩比compression ratio90 临界压缩比critical compression ratio91 膨胀比expansion ratio92 面容比surface to volume ratio93 行程缸径比stroke-bore ratio94 混合比mixture ratio95 压缩压力compression pressure96 制动平均有效压力brake mean effective pressure(bmep)97 空燃比air fuel ratio98 燃空比fuel air ratio99 燃料当量比fuel equivalence ratio100 扭矩torque101 单缸功power per cylinder102 升功率power per liter103 升扭矩torque per liter104 升质量mass per liter105 减额功率derating power106 输出马力shaft horsepower107 马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour108 总马力gross horse power109 总功率gross power110 净功率net power111 燃油消耗量fuel consumption112 比燃料消耗率specific fuel consumption113 空气消耗率air consumption114 机油消耗量oil consumption115 有效马力net horse power116 额定马力rated horse power117 马力重量系数horsepower-weight factor118 制动功率brake horse power119 制动热效率brake thermal efficiency120 总效率overall efficiency121 排烟极限功率smoke limiting horsepower122 功率曲线power curve123 机械损失mechanical loss124 机械效率mechanical efficiency125 有效热效率effective thermal efficiency126 充气系数volumetric efficiency127 过量空气系数coefficient of excess air128 适应性系数adaptive coefficient129 扭矩适应性系数coefficient of torque adaptibility130 转速适应性系数speed adaptive coefficient 131 强化系数coefficient of intensification132 校正系数correction factor133 换算系数conversion factor134 活塞平均速度mean piston speed135 发动机转速engine speed (rotational frequency) 136 充量（进气）charge137 旋转方向direction of rotation138 顺时针clockwise139 逆时针counter-clockwise140 左转left-hand rotation141 右转right-hand rotation142 发动机性能engine performance143 加载性能loading performance144 起动性能starting performance145 加速性能acceleration performance146 动力性能power performance147 排放性能emission performance148 燃油经济性Fuel economy149 排放Exhaust emissions150 大的燃烧噪声Large combustion noise151 预混合燃烧Premixed combustion152 扩散燃烧Diffusion combustion153 大的EGR率Heavy EGR154 推迟喷油时间Retarding the injection timing, 155 推迟喷油时间Delaying the fuel injection timing, 156 燃烧激振力Combustion excitation forces (CPL) 157 CO2排放Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions158 温室气体Greenhouse gas159 热效率Thermal efficiency160 辅助涡流室Auxiliary swirl chamber161 黑烟Black smoke162 Nox氮氧化物Nitrogen oxides163 PM颗粒物Particulate matter164 EGR废气再循环Exhaust gas recirculation165 燃油供给系统The fuel injection system166 在低负荷区In the low load region167 气缸压力The cylinder pressure level168 曲轴转角The crank angle169 1/3倍频程1/3 octave band of the frequency 170 全负荷Full load171 部分负荷Partial load172 声压级Sound pressure level173 发动机扭矩Engine torque174 燃烧噪声Combustion noise175 机械噪声Mechanical noise176 涡轮增压的Turbocharged177 涡轮增压器Turbocharger178 着火燃迟期The ignition delay period179 喷油泵The fuel injection pump180 增压中冷柴油机Intercooled turbocharged diesel181 碳化氢Hydrocarbon (HC)182 进气管几何尺寸Intake port geometry183 水平轴Horizontal axis184 声功率Sound power level185 竖直轴Vertical axis186 辐射噪声Radiation noise187 发动机测功机engine dynamometer188 零负荷到中等负荷Idling to a medium-load189 振幅Amplitude190 气缸体振动Cylinder block vibration191 声压级Sound pressure level192 随着曲轴转角In relation to the crank angle193 最大汽缸压力The maximum cylinder pressure194 最大汽缸压力升高率The cylinder pressure gradient195 共轨系统Common-rail system196 可变喷嘴涡轮增压器variable nozzle turbocharger197 引导喷射pilot injection198 4气门DOHC系统4-valve DOHC system199 计算机辅助工程CAE computer-aided engineering200 固有噪声Born noise201 侧面挠度lateral bending202 排气岐管exhaust manifold203 进气岐管intake manifold204 交流发电机alternator205 齿轮箱gear case206 供油泵supply pump207 起动机starter208 共振频率resonance frequency209 气缸压力快速升高率the rapid rising rate of cylinder pressure 210 主喷量和主喷时间main injection volume, timing211 共轨油压fuel pressure in a common-rail212 放热率heat release ratio213 步进电机step-motor214 频谱图frequency spectrum map215 油膜oil film216 机械噪声mechanical noise217 识别identify218 变量variable219 隔离声音的传播途径Isolate sound transmission routes 220 衰减Attenuation221 半消声室Semi-ane choic chamber222 系数Coefficient223 正时带Timing belt224 台架实验Bench test225 气门驱动凸轮Valve-drive cam226 传递系数Transfer coefficient227 矢量vector228 气穴现象Cavitation229 微处理器microprocessor230 执行器actuator231 电控泵electronically controlled pump构造232 气缸盖cylinder head233 气缸体cylinder block234 整体铸造cast inblock (cast enblock)235 发动机罩engine bonnet236 气缸体加强筋engine block stiffening rib237 气缸cylinder238 示功图indicator chart/diagram239 缸体（转子机）stator240 缸径cylinder bore241 气缸体机架cylinder block frame242 配气机构箱valve mechanism casing243 气缸体隔片cylinder spacer244 气缸盖密封环cylinder head ring gasket245 气缸盖垫片cylinder head gasket246 气缸套cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve)247 干式缸套dry cylinder liner248 湿式缸套wet cylinder liner249 气缸水套water jacket250 膨胀塞expansion plug251 防冻塞freeze plug252 气缸壁cylinder wall253 环脊ring ridge254 排气口exhaust port255 中间隔板intermediate bottum256 导板guideway257 创成半径（转子机）generating radius258 缸体宽度（转子机）operating width259 燃烧室combustion bowl260 浅盆形缩口燃烧室shallow reentrant combustion chamber 261 主燃烧室main combustion chamber262 副燃烧室subsidiary combustion chamber263 预燃室prechamber264 涡流燃烧室` swirl combustion chamber265 分开式燃烧室divided combustion chamber266 涡流式燃烧室turbulence combustion chamber267 半球形燃烧室hemispherical combustion chamber268 浴盆形燃烧室bathtub section combustion chamber269 L 形燃烧室L-combustion chamber270 楔形燃烧室wedge-section combustion chamber271 开式燃烧室open combustion chamber272 封闭喷射室closed spray chamber273 活塞顶内燃烧室piston chamber274 爆发室explosion chamber275 燃烧室容积比volume ratio of combustion cahmber276 发动机托架engine holding frame engine277 动力机装置power unit278 直喷柴油机DI（direct-injection）diesel engine279 非直喷柴油机IDI（Indirect-injection）diesel engine 280 动力传动系power train281 连杆connecting rod282 油底壳oil pan283 活塞销piston pin284 气缸套cylinder bore285 凸轮齿cam gear286 空气室energy chamber287 气缸余隙容积cylinder clearance volume288 燃烧室容积combustion chamber volume289 气缸最大容积maximum cylinder volume290 压缩室compression chamber291 外径major diameter292 中径pitch diameter293 内径minor diameter294 径向间隙radial clearance295 两极调速器limiting_speed governor296 特性297 空转特性no load characteristics298 负荷特性part throttle characteristics（汽油机）load characteristics299 调速特性governor control characteristics300 万有特性mapping characteristics301 稳定调速率steady state speed governing rate工况302 怠速转速idling speed303 经济转速economic speed304 起动转速starting speed305 最低稳定工作转速lowest continuous speed with load306 最大扭矩转速speed at maximum torque307 最高空转转速maximum no load governed speed308 调速speed governing309 超速overspeed310 怠速idling311 转速波动率speed fluctuation rate312 工况working condition(operating mode)313 额定工况declared working condition314 变工况variable working condition315 稳定工况steady working condition316 空载no-load317 全负荷full load318 超负荷overload319 部分负荷part load320 怠速控制idling-speed control321 怠速工况idling condition322 起动工况starting condition323 起动转速cranking speed324 急减速工况abrupt decreasing condition325 加速工况accelerating condition326 驻车park327 调速Speed governing328 应急[跛行]模式limp-in mode排放329 Emission Standards in the EU 欧洲排放标准330 Fuel Quality 燃油质量331 Conformity of Production (COP) 生产一致性检测332 Fuel Consumption 燃油消耗333 Exhaust Emission Measurement 排放检测334 tailpipe 排气管335 Carbon monoxide 一氧化碳336 emissions of crankcase gases 曲轴箱燃油蒸发排放量337 Ageing test 耐久性试验338 EPEFE = European Program on Emssions, Fuels and Engine Technologies 欧洲的排放、燃油及发339 动机技术项目340 fuel properties 燃油质量341 Car Manufacturers 汽车制造商342 Impact of vehicle emissions on air quality 排放对空气质量的影响343 Cetane no. 十六烷值344 Evaporation characteristic 蒸发特性345 Sulfur-free Fuels 无硫燃油346 Testcycle 测试循环347 NEDC = New European Driving Cycle 新的欧洲标准测试循环348 Loading of charcoal canister 炭罐吸附349 preconditioning (PC) 预处理350 ESC=European steady state cycle 稳态循环351 ELR=European load response test 负荷烟度试验352 ETC=European transient cycle瞬态循环353 EEV=Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicle 环境友好汽车354 ambient temperature 环境温度355 λ-sensor λ传感器356 exceeding emission limits) 排放超出限值357 Roadworthiness-Tests 道路适应性检测358at free acceleration 在自由加速工况下359 catalyst 催化转化器360 natural aspirated 自然吸气机型361 turbo charged 涡轮增压机型362 Emission Control Technologies 排放控制技术363 Three-way catalyst 三元催化转化器364 catalyst coating 催化转化器涂层365 secondary air injection 二次空气喷366 exhaust gas recirculation 排气再循环系统367 oxidation catalyst 氧化催化转化器368 piezo injection valves 压电式喷油阀369 PowerStations 发电机组370 Anthropogenic 人为因素371 ACEA = European Car Manufacturer Association 欧洲汽车制造商协会372 Target corridor 标范围373 Target value目标值374 CFV 临界流量文丘里管（Critical flow venturi）375 CLD 化学发光检测器（Chemiluminescent detector）376 FID 氢火焰离子化检测器（Flame ionisation detector）377 GC 气相色谱仪（Gas chromatograph）378 HCLD 加热式化学发光检测器（Heated chemiluminescent detector）379 HFID 加热式氢火焰离子化检测器（Heated flame ionisation detector）380 LPG 液化石油气（Liquefied petroleum gas）381 NDIR 不分光红外线分析仪（Non-dispersive infrared analyzer）382 NG 天然气（Natural gas）383 NMC 非甲烷截止器（Non-methane cutter）384 Rated power 额定功率。
机车专业英语
机车车辆专业英语机车locomotive机车种类types of locomotive蒸汽机车steam locomotive内燃机车；曾用名"柴油机车" diesel locomotive电力机车electric locomotive燃气轮机车gasturbine locomotive动车组motor train unit；motor train set动车motot car拖车trailer铁路干线机车railway trunk line locomotive工矿机车industrial and mining locomotive客运机车passenger locomotive货运机车freight locomotive；goods locomotive调车机车shunting locomotive；switcher小运转机车locomotive for district transfer；transfer locomotive train路用机车locomotive of service train；service locomotives配属机车allocated locomotive非配属机车un-allocated locomotive支配机车disposal locomotive非支配机车un-disposal locomotive运用机车locomotive in operation检修机车locomotive under repairing备用机车locomotive in reserve封存机车locomotive stored up待修机车locomotive waiting for repair机车出租leased locomotive机车报废locomotive retirement机车储备locomotive reservation；locomotive storage机车整备locomotive servicing；locomotive running preparation机车整备能力locomotive service capacity机车技术规范locomotive technical specification转向架中心bogie pivot center转向架中心距离distance between bogie pivot centers；bogie pivot pitch 机车全轴距locomotive total wheel base机车转向架轴距locomotive wheel base of bogie机车固定轴距locomotive rigid wheel base机车长度locomotive overall length机车宽度locomotive width机车高度locomotive height机车计算重量calcuated weight of locomotive机车整备重量locomotive service weight机车重量locomotive weight机车粘着重量locomotive adhesive weight轴重转移；轴荷载转移axle load transfer粘着重量利用系数adhesive weight utility factor机车重量分配weight distribution of locomotive轮对横动量lateral play of wheel set机车噪声locomotive noise热值；发热量heat value机车万吨公里能耗energy consumption per 10；000 t-km of locomotive机车用煤coal for locomotive机车用柴油diesel oil for locomotive机车用电electricity for locomotive机车用换算煤converted coal for locomotive标准煤standard coal机车用润滑剂lubricant for locomotive给水water supply水鹤water crane给水处理water [supply] treatment炉内软水water softened in boiler炉外软水water softened out of boiler软水water softened净水water purified机务段locomotive depot机车运用段locomotive running depot机车检修段locomotive repair depot机车折返段locomotive turnaround depot列车无线电调度系统train radio dispatching system机车监控记录装置locomotive supervise and record apparatus机车故障locomotive failure机车牵引特性locomotive tractive characteristic机车效率total locomotive efficiency机车轮周效率efficiency of locomotive at wheel rim机车传动功率transmission efficiency of locomotive机车牵引特性曲线locomotive tractive characteristic curve机车轮周功率曲线locomotive power curve at wheel rim机车牵引力曲线locomotive tractive effort curve机车预期牵引特性曲线predetermined tractive characteristic curve of locomotive 机车功率locomotive power轮周功率output power at wheel rim比功率power/weight ratio比重量weight/power ratio单位体积功率specific volume power机车牵引力locomotive teractive effort轮周牵引力tractive effort at wheel rim车钩牵引力tractive effort at coupler；drawbar pull起动牵引力stsrting tractive effort粘着牵引力adhesive tractive effort持续牵引力continuous tractive effort基本阻力basic resistance运行阻力running resistance惰行阻力idle runing resistance；coasting resistance起动阻力starting resistance附加阻力additional resistance坡道阻力gradient resistance曲线阻力curve resistance空气阻力air resistance单位阻力unit resistance；specific resistance换算阻力；加算阻力converted resistance速度控制系统speed control system加速acceleration减速deceleration恒速constant speed加速力acceleration force减速力deceleration force列车制动train braking制动方式brake mode空气制动air brake真空制动vacuum brake动力制动dynamic brake液力制动hydraulic brake电阻制动rheostatic brake再生制动regenerative brake电空制动electropneumatic brake蓄能制动energy-storing brake涡流制动eddy current brake磁轨制动electromagnetic rail brake踏面制动tread brake盘型制动disc brake机车制动周期locomotive braking period机车制动距离locomotive braking distance机车每轴闸瓦作用力brake shoe force per axle of locomotive制动braking常用制动service braking；service application最大常用制动；常用全制动full servive braking；full service application 阶段制动graduated application自然制动unintended braking；undesired braking紧急制动emergency braking；emergency application意外紧急制动undesirable emergency braking；UDE缓解release直接缓解；一次缓解direct release阶段缓解graduated release自然缓解unintended release；undesired release漏泄leakage充风；充气charging阶段提升graduated increasing保持位suppression；maintaining position；holding position 制动管减压量brake pipe pressure reduction过量减压over reduction局部减压local reduction分段减压split reduction最大常用减压full servive reduction常用局减quick service紧急局减quick action前后风压差false gradient列车管压差train pipe pressure gradient保压停车stopping at maintaining position缓解停车stopping at release缓解波速release propagation rate制动波速braking propagation rate机车制动机locomotive brake gear空气压缩机air compressor调压器pressure regulator给风阀feed valve减压阀reducing valve机车分配阀locomotive distributing valve切换阀transfer valve自动制动阀automatic brake valve单独制动阀independent brake valve滤尘止回阀strainer check valve机车紧急放风阀locomotive emergency vent valve高压保安阀high pressure safety valve低压保安阀low pressure safety valve无载起动电空阀no-load starting electropneumatic valve油水分离器oil-water separator总风缸main air reservoir空气干燥器air dryer撒砂装置sanding device砂箱sand box撒砂阀sanding valve撒砂器sandingsprayer紧急撒砂emergency sanding自动撒砂automatic sanding间隙效应slack actionL/V比值L/V ratio弓网关系pantograph-contact line relation机车牵引区段locomotive tractive district机车交路locomotive routing单肩回交路single-arm routing双肩回交路double-arm routing半循环交路semi-loop routing循环交路loop routing环形交路circular routing短交路short routing长交路long routing直通交路through routing机车乘务制度locomotive crew working system机车包乘制system of assigning crew to designated locomotive机车轮乘制locomotive crew pooling system机车随乘制locomotive caboose crew system机车乘务组locomotive crew司机driver副司机assisant driver指导司机driver instructor司炉fireman机车运用指标index of locomotive operation机车出入段作业preparation of locomotive for leaving and arriving at depot 机车全周转complete turnround of locomotive机车在段停留时间detention time of locomotive at depot机车全周转距离diatance of one complete turnround of locomotive机车全周转时间period of one complete turnround of locomotive机车走行公里locomotive running kilometers换算走行公里converted running kilometers沿线走行公里running kilometers on the road辅助走行公里auxiliary running kilometers本务走行公里leading locomotive running kilometers单机走行公里light locomotive running kilometers重联机车走行公里multi-locomotive running kilometers机车日车公里average daily locomotive running kilometers机车平均牵引总重average gross weight hauled by locomotive机车日产量average daily output of locomotive运用机车台数number of locomotive in service机车需要系数coefficient of locomotives requirment单机运行light locomotive running双机牵引；双机重联牵引double locomotive traction多机牵引multi-locomotive traction主机；本务机车leading locomotive机车超重牵引traction for train exceed mass norm机车调度命令locomotive diapatching order机务段运行揭示running service-bulletin of depot司机运转保单driver’s service-report；driver’s log司机室driver’s cab司机操纵台driver’s desk司机模拟操纵装置simulator for driver train-handling优化操纵optimum handling；optimum optimum operation机车自动操纵automatic locomotive operation机车保养locomotive maintenance机车检修locomotive inspection and repair机车检修修程classification of locomotive repair机车大修locomotive overhaul [repair]；locomotive general overhaul架修intermediate repair定修periodical repair；light repair蒸汽机车洗修steam locomotive boiler washout repair机车厂修locomotive repair in works机车段修locomotive repair in depot日常检查routine inspection机车临修locomotive temporary repair定期检修repair based on time or running kilometers状态检修repair based on condition of component换件大修component exchange repair配件互换修repair with interchangeable component预防维修制preventive maintenance system检修周期period of inspection and repair月检monthly inspection定检公里running kilometers between predetermined repairs定检时间time between predetermined repairs检修范围scope of repairing course；scope of repair超范围修理repair beyond the scope of repairing course检修停时standing time under repair集中化修理；集中修centralization of repair检修基本技术条件fundamental technical requirements for repair and inspection 检修工艺规程technological regulations for repair and inspection检修作业程序repair procedure；shop program磨耗限度limit of wear检修限度locomotive repair limit第一限度1st limit第二限度2nd limit使用限度operation limit中间工艺检验intermediate inspection at the technological process转向设备turning facilities转盘turntable机务设备通过能力carrying capacity of locomotive facilities机车专用设备special equipment for locomotive operation机车验收acceptance of locomotive机车试运转locomotive trial run形式试验type test性能试验performance test鉴定试验homologation test出厂试验predelivery test制动试验brake test牵引试验traction test负载试验loaded test；load test牵引热工试验traction and thermodynamique de traction定置试验stationary test；test at standstill动力学试验dynamics test强度试验strength test运用试验service test；operation test耐久性试验durability test可靠性试验reliability test例行试验routine test特殊试验special test研究性试验investigation test抽样试验sampling test模拟试验analogue test机车履历簿locomotive logbook直流电力机车DC electric locomotive单向交流电力机车single-phase AC electric locomotive单相工频交流电力机车single-phase industrial frequency AC electric locomotive 双电压制电力机车dual voltage electric locomotive双频率制电力机车dual frequency electric locomotive多电流制电力机车multiple system electric locomotive硅整流器电力机车silicon rectifier electric locomotive晶闸管整流器电力机车thyristor rectifier electric locomotive经闸管变流器电力机车thyristor converter electric locomotive电动车组electric multiple unit；motor coach set；electric motor train unit单相交流电动车组single-phase industrial frequency AC motor train unit地下铁道电动车组subway motor train unit电流制current system直流制DC system单相工频交流制single-phase industrial frequency AC system单相低频交流制single-phase low frequency AC system受电弓标称电压nominal voltage at pantograph调压方式voltage regulation mode高压侧调压high voltage regulation低压侧调压low voltage regulation分级调压stepped voltage regulation无级调压stepless voltage regulation相控调压phase control斩波调压chopper control变阻调压rheostatric control整流方式mode of rectification牵引变流器traction convertor牵引逆变器traction invertor牵引变频器traction frequency convertor可调牵引变频器variable frequency convertor直流斩波器DC chopper单相桥式整流器single-phase bridge rectifier三相桥式整流器three-phase bridge rectifier可控桥式整流器controlled bridge rectifier对称半控桥式整流器symmetric half-controlled bridge rectifier非对称半控桥式整流器asymmetric half-controlled bridge rectifier 多段桥[联结] bridges in cascade；multi rectifier bridge硅整流装置silicon rectifier device晶闸管整流装置thyristor rectifier device励磁整流装置excitation rectifier device电力传动方式mode of electric drive直流传动DC drive交-直流传动AC-DC drive交-直-交流传动AC-DC-AC drive调速方式mode of speed control变压调速variable voltage speed control变频调速variable frequency speed control变极调速pole changing speed control车轴驱动方式mode of axle drive弹性齿轮驱动resilient gear drive刚性齿轮驱动solid gear drive单侧减速齿轮驱动single reduction gear drive双侧减速齿轮驱动double reduction gear drive单电动机驱动monomotor drive车轴空心轴驱动quill drive；hollow axle drive电机空心轴驱动hollow shaft motor drive万向轴驱动cardan shaft drive直接驱动gearless drive；direct drive独立驱动individual drive组合驱动coupled axle drive连杆驱动rod drive组合传动机车coupled axle drive locomotive独立传动机车individual drive locomotive齿轨[传动]机车；齿条传动机车rack locomotive牵引电动机供电制式traction motor power supply system机车集中供电locomotive centralized power supply转向架独立供电bogie individual power supply电动机独立供电motor individual power supply主电路power circuit；main circuit高压电路high voltage circuit；high tension circuit低压电路low voltage circuit；low tension circuit网侧电路circuit on side of overhead contact line牵引电路traction circuit制动电路braking circuit滤波电路filter circuit辅助电路auxiliary circuit列车供电电路power supply circuit for train控制电路control circuit控制电源control source蓄电池电路battery circuit指令电路command circuit照明电路lighting circuit仪表电路instrument circuit联锁电路interlocking circuit信号电路signal circuit起动电路starting circuit保护电路protective circuit电子控制电路electronic control circuit电空制动电路electropneumatic brake ciucuit；E-P brake circuit防空转防滑行保护电路anti-slip/slide protection circuit音频通讯电路audio communication circuit电连接器electric coupler自动电连接器electric automatic coupler机车重联电连接器multi-locomotive electrc coupler牵引电动机traction motor直流牵引电动机DC traction motor脉流牵引电动机pulsating current traction motor交流牵引电动机AC traction motor单向交流牵引电动机single-phase AC traction motor三相交流牵引电动机three phase AC traction motor抱轴式牵引电动机axle hung traction motor；nose suspension traction motor 架承式牵引电动机frame mounted traction motor转向架架承式牵引电动机bogie mounted traction motor底架架承式牵引电动机underframe mounted traction motor串励电动机series excited motor并励电动机shunt excited motor复励电动机compound excied motor他励电动机separately excited motor同步电动机synchronous motor异步电动机asynchronous motor交流换向器电动机alternating current commutator motor全封闭式电动机totally-enclosed motor通风式电动机ventilated motor自通风式电动机self-ventilated motor强迫通风式电动机force ventilated motor直线电动机；线性电动机linear motor直线同步电动机linear synchronous motor直线异步电动机；直线感应电动机linear asynchronous motor；linear induction motor 电动机转速motor speed电动机超速runaway speed电动机特性motor characteristic电动机转矩；电动机扭矩motor torque启动转矩starting torque峰值转矩peak torque制动转矩braking torque最大输出功率maximum output启动电流starting current峰值电流peak current标称电压nominal voltage变压器电势transformer EMF片间平均电压mean voltage between segments片间最高电压maximum voltage between segments消弱磁场weakened field最大磁场maximum field最小磁场minimum field磁场消弱率field weakening磁场消弱系数coefficient of field weakening恒功调速比speed ratio on constant power转向器commutator换向片commutator segment电枢线圈armature coil均压线equalizer；cable bond转轴shaft定子stator转子rotor主极铁心mainpole core主极线圈mainpole coil换向极铁心interpole core换相极线圈interpole coil补偿线圈compensating coil机座frame铸造机座cast frame焊接机座welding frame半叠片机座semi-laminated frame全叠片机座full-laminated frame电刷装置brush gear刷握brush-holder刷盒brush box电刷brush端盖end shield抱轴悬挂装置suspension bearing主发电机main generator直流主发电机DC main generator交流主发电机main alternator辅助发电机auxiliary generator直流辅助发电机DC auxiliary generator直流启动发电机DC starting generator；dynastarter直流控制发电机DC control generator直流励磁机DC exciter劈相机Arno converter；phase splitter辅助电动机auxiliary motor直流辅助电动机DC quxiliary motor异步辅助电动机asynchronous auxiliary motor空压机电动机air compressor motor通风机电动机blower motor泵电动机pump motor控制电机control electric machine自整角机synchro测速发电机tachogenerator机车牵引变压器traction transformer of locomotive心式牵引变压器core-type traction transformer壳式牵引变压器shell-type traction transformer自藕牵引变压器traction autotransformer调压牵引变压器regulating traction transformer分接牵引变压器tapped traction transformer油浸式牵引变压器oil-immersed type traction transformer 整流变压器rectifier transformer电源变压器supply transformer隔离变压器；绝缘变压器isolating transformer同步变压器synchronous transformer脉冲变压器pulse transformer控制变压器control transformer信号变压器signal transformer励磁变压器excitation transformer高压绕组high voltage winding；high tension winding低压绕组low voltage winding；low tension winding 调压绕组regulating winding励磁绕组excitation winding辅助绕组auxiliary winding列车供电绕组train coach supply winding自然循环natural circulation强迫循环forced circulation强迫导向循环forced guided circulation牵引电抗器traction tractor平波电抗器smoothing reactor过渡电抗器transition reactor接地电抗器earthing reactor；grounding reactor制动电抗器braking reactor分流电抗器divert shunt reactor；inductive shunt滤波电抗器filter reactor均流电抗器sharing reactor限流电抗器inductive reactor；current limiting reactor 换相电抗器commutation reactor起动电阻器staring resistor制动电阻器braking resistor过渡电阻器transistion resistor分流电阻器divert shunt resistor；shunting resistor稳定电阻器stabilizing resistor调节电阻器regulating resistor制动电阻柜braking resistor cubicle制动电阻元件braking resistor grid非线性电阻器non-linear resistor滤波电容器filter capacitor换相电容器commutating capacitor保护电容器protective capacitor起动电容器starting capacitor补偿电容器compensation capacitor主断路器line circuit-breaker真空主断路器line vacuum circuit-breaker空气主断路器line air-blast circuit-breaker直流高速断路器DC high speed circuit-breaker受电器current collector受电弓pantograph单臂受电弓single arm pantograph双臂受电弓double arm pantograph弓头pantograph bow受电弓滑板pantograph pan弓角pantograph horn受电弓气缸pantograph cylinder支持绝缘子supporting insulator第三轨受电器conductor rail collector受电靴装置shoegear集电靴collector shoe电磁接触器electromagnetic contactor直流接触器DC contactor交流接触器AC contactor电空接触器electropneumatic contactor组合接触器grouping contactor线路接触器line contactor磁场削弱接触器field weakening contactor制动接触器braking contactor励磁接触器excitation contactor辅助接触器auxiliary contactor调压开关tap changer低压调压开关low voltage tap changer；low tension tap changer高压调压开关high voltage tap changer；high tension tap changer位置转换开关position changeover switch鼓形位置转换开关drum position changeover switch凸轮位置转换开关cam position changeover switch牵引-制动位转换开关power/brake changeover switch反向器reverser电流制转换开关current system changeover switch主电路库用转换开关main circuit transfer switch for shed supply辅助电路库用转换开关auxiliary circuit transfer switch for shed supply短路器short-circuiting device接地开关earthing switch牵引电动机隔离开关traction motor isolating switch受电弓隔离开关pantograph isolating switch主整流柜隔离开关isolating switch for main silicon rectifier cubicle劈相机故障隔离开关fault isolating switch for phase splitter控制电源隔离开关isolating switch for control supply司机控制器driver controller调车控制器shunting controller电空制动控制器E-P brake controller按键开关button switch；key switch自复式按键开关self-reset push-key switch非自复式按键开关non-self-reset push-key switch主按键开关组main button switch group；main key switch set副按键开关组secondary push-key switch group；secondary key switch set 电磁阀electromagnetic valve电空阀clectropneumatic valve电液阀electro-hydraulic valve保护阀protective valve受电弓电空阀pantograph valve防空转撒沙电空阀anti-slip sanding valve防空转防滑行保护装置anti-slip/slide protection device轴重转移补偿装置axle load transfer compensation device功率因数补偿装置power factor compensation device电压继电器voltage relay电流继电器current relay时间继电器time relay中间继电器intermediate relay速度继电器speed relay温度继电器temperature relay压力继电器pressure relay欠电压继电器under-voltage relay过电流继电器over-current relay转速继电器tachometric relay流速继电器flow relay接地继电器earth fault relay风压继电器air pressure relay油压继电器oil-pressure relay起动继电器starting relay主电路库用插座main circuit socket for shed supply辅助电路库用插座auxiliary circuit socket for shed supply控制电路库用插座control circuit socket for shed supply重联插座multiple unit socket印制电路板插座printed circuit board socket电压调整器voltage regulator温度调整器temperature regulator位置指示器notch indicator数字显示器digital display司机室取暖电炉driver’s cab electric heater司机室热风装置driver’s cab air heater司机室空调装置driver’s cab air conditioner电热玻璃electric heating glass电测仪表electrical measuring instrument牵引电机电压表traction motor voltmeter牵引电机电流表traction motor ammeter励磁电流表excitation ammeter网侧电压表voltmeter on side of overhead contact line；overhead side voltmeter 辅助电路电压表auxiliary circuit voltmeter控制电源电压表control supply voltmeter控制电源电流表control supply ammeter机车速度表locomotive speedometer单相电度表single-phase wat-hour meter速度记录仪tachograph传感器sensor；transducer电压传感器voltage sensor电流传感器current sensor压力传感器pressure sensor速度传感器speed sensor温度传感器temperature sensor直流电流互感器DC current transformer阀形避雷器valve type arrester放电器discharger轮缘喷油器flange lubricator接地安全棒earthing pole接地回流电刷earth return brush前照灯head lamp；head light副前照灯subhead lamp；dim head light标志灯marker lamp走行部灯bogie lamp车号灯side number plate lamp路签灯train staff lamp记事灯writing lamp照明灯illuminating lamp指示灯indicator lamp风喇叭air horn高音风喇叭high tone air horn低音风喇叭low tone air horn警笛siren警惕装置vigilance device机车组装后的检查与试验inspection and test of locomotive after completion of construction 一般性检查general inspection称重试验weighing test压缩空气设备全面的气密性试验test for over-all air-tightness of compressed air equipments 车体及外部装备密封试验test for sealing of body and external equipment受电弓试验pantograph test介电强度试验dielectric test事故预防措施的检查checks for prevention of accidents安全设备试验test on safety equipments蓄电池充电系统试验checks of battery charging-arrangement通风冷却试验test on ventilation and cooling空气制动试验test on air brake曲线通过实验curve negotiation test机车振动参数测试measurements of vibration parameters辅助机组试验test on auxiliary machines机车调速试验test on speed regulation主电路短路保护系统试验test on short-circuit protection system of main circuit主电路过载保护系统试验test on overload protection system of main circuit内部过电压试验test on internal overvoltage外部过电试验test on external overvoltage机车功率试验locomotive [traction] power test机车功率因数测定measurment of power factor机车效率测定measurement of efficiency of locomotive谐波电流百分比测定measurement of percentage of harmonic current 起动加速试验starting and acceleration test运行阻力试验test for running resistance电气制动试验electric braking test滤尘效果试验test on filter efficiency撒沙装置试验test on sanding gear重联运行试验test on coupled operation；test on multi unit operation 司机室工作条件检查check on working conditions in the driver’s cab 4。
Lesson 2 Internal Combustion Engine(1)
交通运输专业英语
Lesson 2
Internal Combustion Engine (PartⅠ) 1.2compression ring 气环 3.Oil ring 4.Piston pin 5.Piston 6connecting rod 油环 活塞销 活塞 连杆 连杆小头 连杆大头 连杆轴瓦 连杆盖
crank n.曲柄 曲柄 rod n.杆，棒 杆 rock n.岩石，摇动；v.摇动，摆动 岩石， 摇动， 岩石 摇动； 摇动
distribute v. cam n. valve n.阀 阀 filter n.;v.
交通运输专业英语
Lesson 2
Internal Combustion Engine (PartⅠ)
introduce：介绍，引荐；引进；输入，传入 ：介绍，引荐；引进；输入，
由于燃料在发动机气缸内燃烧，因此发动机被称为内燃机。在内燃机中， 由于燃料在发动机气缸内燃烧，因此发动机被称为内燃机。在内燃机中， 空气燃油混合气被引入一个封闭的气缸，并在那里完成压缩点火。 空气燃油混合气被引入一个封闭的气缸，并在那里完成压缩点火。 The burning of the fuel (combustion) causes a rapid rise in cylinder pressure which is converted to useful mechanical energy by the piston and crank-shaft. 燃烧引起气缸内压力迅速上升， 燃烧引起气缸内压力迅速上升，这部分内能被活塞和曲轴转化成有用的 机械能。 机械能。 fuel 燃料 汽油 petrol(英）gasoline(美) 柴油 英 美 柴油diesel fuel oil 燃油 fuel pump 燃油泵 add fuel to the fire 火上加油 fuel up 加燃料 填肚子
内燃机专业英语翻译
Chapter 1 Enging types and their operation1.1 Introduction and historical perspective1．内燃机的目的是从蕴含在燃料中的化学能中得到机械动力。
．内燃机的目的是从蕴含在燃料中的化学能中得到机械动力。
The purpose of internal combustion engines is the production of mechanical power from the chemical energy contained in the fuel . 2．有别于外部燃烧机器，在内燃机中，能量是在机器内部燃烧或氧化燃料释放出来的。
化燃料释放出来的。
In In internal internal internal combustion combustion combustion engines engines engines ,as ,as ,as distinct distinct distinct from from from external external external combustion combustion engines, this energy is released by burning or oxidizing the fuel inside the engine. 3．功的转移，提供了需要的动力输出，发生在工作流体和机器的机械部件之间。
械部件之间。
The work transfers which provide the desired power output occur directly between between these these these working working working fluids fluids fluids and and and the the the mechanical mechanical mechanical components components components of of of the the engine. 4．实际上正是由于燃烧发生在机器做功部件内部才使它们的设计和运行特征从根本上有别于其他类型的机器。
轮机工程、内燃机专业英语词汇表
Lesson 1marine 海运的，船用的 diesel 柴油，柴油机 internal 内部的 combustion 燃烧 ignite 点燃 inject 喷射 chamber 腔，室 principle 原理，原则 operation 工作，操作，运转，进程charge 装，充；充填物fresh新鲜的，淡(水)的 draw 抽吸 cylinder 气缸 compression 压缩 piston 活塞 fine 细小的，好的 spray 喷雾，(水，油)雾 burn 燃烧 rotate 旋转，回转 medium 中间的，介质 alternator 交流发电机 in turn 依次，轮流变成 turn into 变成 event 事件，过程 stroke 冲程，行程 separate (from) 分离，分开 exhaust 排出，耗尽；排气 combine (with) 结合，联合 inlet 进口，入口 scavenge 扫除；吹除 blow 吹，鼓风 residual 剩余的，残留的 value 价值，数值 injector 喷射器，喷油器 continue 继续(进行) revolution 转 theoretically 理论上地inefficient 效率低的，无效的advantage 优势，优点，长处 application 应用 propulsion 推进(装置) cause 引起；原因 force 迫使 crankshaft 曲铀propeller 螺旋桨，推进器 cycle 循环 consist (of) 由……组成fix 固定sequence 顺序，系列bottom dead centre (BDC) 下止点 top dead centre (TDC) 上止点 on board ship 在船上 r/min 转／分 reduction gear box 减速齿轮箱Lesson 2construction 结构 bedplate 机座 frame 机架 weld 焊接bolt 螺栓；用螺栓固定 seating 座，底座 liner (气缸)衬套 extend 延长，伸长 slot 槽，缝；开槽 opening 开口 height 高度 secure 固定 transverse 横向的chock 侧块， 楔型块 longitudinal 纵向的 test 放置，坐落 bearing 轴承cross 十字的，交叉的； stud 双头螺栓 cap 盖，帽 thrust 推，推力 block 块，体locate 位于，查出，找出integral 整体的flat 平的surface 表面mount 安装section 段，表面camshaft 凸轮轴enclose 包围，封闭casing 箱，外壳jacket 夹层，水套vertical 垂直的flange 法兰，翻边foremost 最前的expose 易露，露出edge 边缘drill 钻孔rotary 旋转的guide 导板，导向器，导向，引导insert 插入groove 槽，沟turn 车削，转动conical 锥形的screw 螺钉；用螺钉固定，拧入indicator 示功器cock 旋塞double 双层的cast iron 铸铁chain transmission 链条传动(机构) chromium 镀铬machine-turned 车削的，车制的approx 大约heat-resistant 耐热的Lesson 3recess 凹槽，凹座，凹入处 dowel 销钉pin 销子caulk 敛(铆)缝，嵌塞topmost 最上部narrow 狭窄的 diagonal 对角的，斜的overlap 重叠，搭接joint 接合，接头distributor 分配器slightly 轻微地round 圆的，使成圆形film (油)膜period 期间opposite 在……对面，与……相对 diameter 直径annular 环形的ensure 保证，担保assembly 组件，组装component 部件journal 轴颈shoe 滑靴，滑块horizontally 水平地adequate 足够的，充分的admit 允许进入，导入duct 管道scraper 刮子，刮油器shim 垫片，调整片thickness 厚度adjustment 调整，调节clearance 间隙appropriate 适当的channel 通道crankpin 曲柄销forge 锻造shrink 红套displace 错位，变位carrier ring 承磨环build-in 内装的，机内的，固定 top-bolt 锥体螺栓white metal 白合金telescope pipe 伸缩管，拉管fitted bolt 拂配螺栓Lesson 4survive 存在，生存strength 强度specific 明确的，详细而精确的 reject to 丢弃，排向…atmosphere 大气entrain 以气泡状态存在volume 量minimise 将……减到最少cavitation 气穴，气蚀proportion 比例，部分hopper 带支架的观察(镜，表) tundish 漏斗visual 看的，视觉的trumpet 喇叭nozzle 管口，喷嘴corrosion 腐蚀，锈overboard 向舷外merely 仅仅，只不过contact with 与……接触Lesson5maintenance 维护，保养select 选择among 在……之中affect 影响viscosity 粘度cetane 十六烷calorific 热(量)的，发热 sulphur 硫residue 残渣，残留物formation 形成product 产品，产物flash 闪光；闪亮gravity 重力content 内容，合量impurity 杂质depend 取决于，依靠residual 残余的available 可利用的，可获得的 embody 包括(合)有，使具体化 entirely 完全地，完整地 bunker 燃料舱distribute 分配various 各式各样的，多种多样 lag 包绕外层防护套 bunk 油舱duplex 双联的，双倍的 strainer 粗滤器remainder 储存storage 剩余，余额sediment 沉淀物buffer 缓冲器，贮存装置 spill 溢流regular 调节器climatic 气候的permit 允许meter 计量mechanism 机械机构plunger 柱塞barrel 桶，套桶sufficiently 充分地，足够地 atomize 将……喷成雾状 complexity 复杂，复杂性deposit 沉积物specification 规格，说明vanadium 钒sodium 钠asphaltene 沥青(烯)，沥育质 precipitate 使沉淀，沉淀物 aluminum 铝abrasive 有磨蚀的particle 颗粒silicon 硅oxide 氧化物nozzle 喷嘴catalytic 催化的clover 三叶草、苜蓿Lesson 6viscosity 粘度composition 组成storage 存储insoluble 不溶解的 impurity 杂质asphalt 沥青miscible 易混合的 filtration 过滤purifier 分水机 clarifier 分杂机conical 圆锥形的 periphery 外围，用边 perforate 穿(钻，冲)孔 cylindrical 圆柱形的 bowl 分离筒ancillary 辅助的centrifuge 离心分离机 accumulation 积聚consume 消耗agitation 搅动circumstance 环境，详情Lesson 7process 过程removal 排除blow 鼓风supercharge 增压atmosphere 大气的pressurize 增压，加压 electrically 电动地blower 鼓风机，增压器 density 密度turbine 涡轮机 compressor 压缩机essential 基本的，重要的 adequate 适当的，充分的 arrangement 布置，安排 escape 逃逸，溢出 differential 差别的，不同的 swirl 使……旋涡运动 adjacent 邻近的，接近的Lesson8successful 成功的 involve 涉及formation 形成considerable 相当的，大量的 exception 例外cleanse 清洗 carbonaceous 炭的detritus 磨屑 commercially 商业上 reversal 反向，变换 lubricator 注油器 injector 注油塞 quill 注油针 impinge 射到expose 暴露 residual 残渣lacquer 胶膜interface 影响，干扰 counteract 克服undesirable 不需要的formulate 配制impart 给予alkalinity 碱度，碱性 detergency 去垢能力property 性质feature 特性，特点 friction 摩擦assist 帮助，协助 rupture 破裂deterioration 变质，恶化filter 滤器centrifuge 离心分离机telescope pipe 伸缩套管，拉管Lesson9reservoir 容器(文中指空气瓶) ready 准备好的immediate 立即的drop 下跌，下落by means of 利用，用…方法 compressor 压缩机feature 功(能)，部件drainage 排放，排泄facility 设备stringent 严厉的，严格的interlock 连锁prevent 防止automatic 自动的pilot 引导的，控制的，先导的 lever 杆direct 直接的engage 啮合，从事further 进一步地 deposit 沉积物，沉淀 explosion 爆炸pipeline 管路，管系 occurrence 发生，事物 properly 适当地careful 谨慎的，小心的 attempt 企图；试图 effect 作用，影响，效果 trap 挡板，收集器 burst 爆发，冲破 disc 盘isolate 隔绝，绝缘 fusible 易熔的plug 塞，堵 melt 熔化，融化 guard 防护，防卫，护罩 possibility 可能性bursting cap 防爆帽Lesson 10instruction 指示，指令 sludge 渣，沉积物 purify 净化auxiliary 辅助的；辅助机械 operational (能)运行的，(可)操作的 extend 延长，扩展 approximately 接近，大约 obstruction 阻塞，妨碍，障碍物 uniformly 均匀地，一致地 viscosity 粘度hopper (观察)窗(漏斗) erosion 浸蚀，剥蚀，烧蚀 centistoke 厘斯(运动粘度单位) diaphragm 隔膜，振动膜 gland 密封(压盖) linkage 连接telegraph 车钟booster 增压泵Lesson 11remedy 排除(方法)，补救(措施) stick 粘住，卡住failure 失败，失灵delay 延迟，滞后watch 观察common 普通的，普遍的 result 由……引起，产生 diagram 图unequal 不相等的locate 找出，定位slacken 放松，减缓trace 查找，寻找responsibility 责任on the part of 在……方面Lesson 12medium 中等的，中间的 currently 当前地，现在地，流行地 rotational 转动的，旋转的 entirely 完全地trunk 筒形的，箱形的 rationalization 合理化layout 布置，设计 configuration 结构，布置alternatively 或者，另一个办法 twin 双的，对的 bank 排，列，组enclose 围起，围绕 column 架rigid 刚硬的，坚固的 sloping 倾斜的access 通道invariably 总是，不变地 solid 完整的，坚固的 multi-throw 多拐的robust 坚固的，结实的 develop 增进，扩大 imposing 施加的alignment 对中，成直线 exception 例外withdraw 放出waterjacket 冷却水套 aperture 孔，洞interpose 放入，插入 thickness 厚度ratio 比率(值) cylindrical 圆柱型的bore 孔tiny 细小的promote 促进，提高 sacrifice 牺牲，供奉 retain 保持，保留 porous 多孔的，能渗透的 in line 成行，直列 fixed centre type 固定中心式 marine type 船用型，中心可调式Lesson13bowl 盆，钵，盘toroidal 环形空腔，环形突起 rim 边缘，曲起accommodate 容纳splash 飞溅conduct 传导region 区域precisely 精确地，正确地 alloy 合金 boss 活塞销座孔endwise 在端部circlip 卡簧tin 锡flash 飞边indium 铟nip 压隙equivalent 相等量bridge 轴承盖accuracy 精度circular 圆形的tighten 上紧assist 援助，帮助 expel 驱逐，驱赶thermal 热的recondition 修理，使复原 frequent 频繁的accomplish 完成rocket 摇，臀杆tappet 挺杆，凸子，顶头 prop 支撑，维持 allowance 允许，裕量 appropriate 适当的Lesson 14extensive 广阔的，广泛的 overhaul 彻底检修，大修，解松(船)的绳索，essential 必要的，基本的 external 外部的 prudent 谨慎的 cut off 切断，断开 graduation 分度，刻度 reasonable 合理的，有益的 tolerance 容许量 pyrometer 高温计 register 记录，登记 ancillary 辅助的 symptom 症状，征兆 accompany 陪伴，结伴Lesson 15displacement 位移，排水量 centrifugal 离心的 rotary 旋转的 reciprocating 往复的 volute 涡形(的)，涡壳 turbine 涡轮，涡轮机 regenerative 再生的 periphery 外围，周边 mesh 啮合 helical 螺旋状的 void 空的，空旷的 slot 槽elliptical 椭圆的 swash 遮蔽，隐藏 tangential 无关的 moderate 中等的，适度的 attain 达到，获得Lesson 16boiler 锅炉distinct 截然不同的 furnace 炉子，炉膛 bent 弯的drum 鼓，锅筒 header 联箱 generate 产生 downcomer 下降管 natural 自然的 donkey 辅助的 installation 装置steam ship 蒸汽机船 motorship 内燃机船 composite 混合的，复合的 mounting 附件fitting 附件，配件 overpressure 超压presence 在场，出席 initially 初始地 purge 吹除，驱气 vapour 蒸汽 burner 燃烧器，喷灯 sample 样品 analysis 分析scum 泡沫，浮渣 soot blower 吹灰器 draught 强行通风 superheater 过热器 gradual 逐渐的 refractory 耐火的 ease 释放 recovery 回收，再生 saturated 饱和的 emulsion 乳化液，混合液exceed 超过extraction 提取物，提出物 economizer 省油(煤)器，节能器 combustible 可燃的secure 封闭，关紧 depressurize 减压liberate 释放funnel 烟囱intermediate port 中途港。
新编汽车专业英语课后答案及题目
一．1.the internal combustion engine 内燃机2. a reciprocating engine 往复发动机3.exhaust emissions 废气排放4.fuel consumption燃料燃烧5.fuel economy 燃油经济性bustion chamber燃烧室7.hybrid-electric vehicle 混动汽车8.mass production大规模生产9.dual-fuel vehicle 双燃料汽车10.air-cooled engine 风冷式发动机二．1. A diesel engine compresses its cylinder air on its compresstion stroke before anyfuel enters the cylinder2.The internal combustion engine is the one most commonly used in theautomotive field.3.According to the fuel energy used,the internal combustion engines are alsodivided into gasoline engines,and diesel engine.4.The piston converts the potential energy of the fuel into the kinetic energy.5.The power production cycle consists of four strokes of the position in areciprocating engine.6.The engine is generally considered the “heart” of an automobile7.This four strokes cycle of piston within the cylinder is repeated time and again topush the vehicle foreard.8.There are actually various types of engines such an electric engines,steamengines,and internal combustion engines.1. compression ratio : the total volume divided bv the compression volume2. internal combustion engine : burning their fuel inside their cylinders3. engine : a heart of an automobile4. stroke : the movement of the piston within the cylinder and the distance of piston travel5. reciprocating : the up and down action of a piston in the cylinder6. gasoline : a mixture of flammable liquid hydrocarbons derived chiefly from crude petroleum.四．1.If you know something about ordinary gasoline engines, you will have notice thatdiesel engines, in many respects, work in the same way as gasoline engines.（柴油机的工作方式在很多方面和汽油机是一样的）2.The engine is the source of power that makes the car and the truck move.(使得汽车行驶)3.As it would not be reasonable to have to stop the engine every time it wasrequired to stop the car.(每次都到停车)4.Some of parts make the car move comfortable or better looking, but most ofthem are to make it run.(有些部件使得汽车更舒适或更美观)5.Not all of this heat can be used, and if allowed to remain in the engine, it wouldsoon destroy it.(如果让其热量保留在发动机中)一、1.gasoline engine 汽油机2.in low-speed driving condition在低速行车条件下3.achieve a variety of different objectives 达到各种不同的目的4.higher energy density高能量密度5.electric motor 电动机6.air conditioning空调装置7.regenerative braking 反馈制动8.power source动力源9.resource consumption 资源消耗10.dashboard display汽车仪表板显示二、1.The engine converts the expanding force of combustion into rotary force used topropel the vehicle.2.The gasoline engine and electric motor shut off automatically so that energy isnot wasted in idling.3.Clean cities uses hybrid electric vehicles as a way for coalitions to reducepetroleum consumption.4.Any vehicle without a transmission could be made to move but not smoothly.5.The electric motor applies resistance to the drive-train causing the wheels toslow down.6.The engine turns a high-speed generator, producing electricity.7.An intelligent power-control system determines the most efficient operation ofthe engine and energy storage system.8.If 10000 hybrid-electric vehicles were on the road rather than current standardvehicles, substantial reductions in emissions and fuel use would occur annually.1. transmission: an automotive assembly of gears by which power is transmitted from the engine to a driving axle.2. parking : to put or leave (a vehicle) for a time in a certain location.3. start : to set into motion , operation, or activity.4. battery : a single cell, such as a dry cell, that prouduces an electric current.5. braking : to reduce the speed of with or as if with a brake.四、1.We want hybrid-electric vehicle that reflect the spirit of the time and vehicleconcepts that express their individuality.(要能反映出时代精神)2.There are various types of engines such as electric motors, steam engines andinternal combustion engines.(电动机、蒸汽机和内燃机)3.The transmission is a speed and power changing device.(一个使速比变化的装置)4.Scientists have still been making efforts to concentrate the future developmentof engines on the three targets: reducing fuel consumption, lowering exhausted emissions, and reducing engine noise.(减少耗油量、降低废气排量以及降低发动机噪声)5.Hybrid system are increasingly becoming more prevalent in light-duty vehicles,but also in transit buses and other heavy-duty vehicles.(正日益变得更加流畅)6.We want hybrid-electric vehicle that reflect the spirit of the time and vehicleconcepts that express their individuality.(要能反映出时代精神)7.There are various types of engines such as electric motors, steam engines andinternal combustion engines.(电动机、蒸汽机和内燃机)8.The transmission is a speed and power changing device.(一个使速比变化的装置)9.Scientists have still been making efforts to concentrate the future developmentof engines on the three targets: reducing fuel consumption, lowering exhaustedemissions, and reducing engine noise.(减少耗油量、降低废气排量以及降低发动机噪声)10.Hybrid system are increasingly becoming more prevalent in light-duty vehicles,but also in transit buses and other heavy-duty vehicles.(正日益变得更加流畅)U5E11. The power train has two maan functions :it conveys powerfrom the engine to the wheels , and it changes the amount of torque2. The power train consists of an engine , a transmission ,a clutch , a drive shaft and differential3. The feature of a manual transmission is to deliver enginepower to the front wheels and rear wheels4. manual transmissions usually have five speeds , which means that the output shaft can rotate faster than the input5. There are several basic components in the clutch , suchas the flywheel , clutch disk , pressure plate , release bearing and linkage.6 Automatic transmissions are used not only in many rear-wheel-dnve and four-whe el-dnve ve- lcles, but In most front-wheel-dnve ones1.T2. T3. F4. F5. T6. FE21. manual transmission 手动变速器2. automatic transmission自动变速器3.planetary gear set 行星齿轮组4. Transaxle assembly驱动桥总成5. differential gear 差速器6. clutch pedal离合器踏板7.gearshift lever 变速杆8. release bearing分离轴承9. engine braking 发动机制动10.torque converter液力变矩器E31.If you’ve read about manual transmissions you know hat an engine is connectedto a transmission by way of a clutch.2.Cars with an automatic transmission have no clutch that disconnects thetransmission from the engine. Instead, they use an amazing device called a torque converter.3.One important function of the power train is to transmit the power of the engineto the wheels.4.The type of transmission ( manual or automatic) determines how the slip joint isconnected to the drive shaft.5.The clutch is located between the back of the engine and the front of thetransmission6.The face of the flywheel that touches the clutch disc is made of iron Even if theflywheel were aluminum , the face is iron.7.When the operator presses the clutch pedal ,the clutch release lever or fork .8.The clutch release bearing in most cases, is a ball bearing assembly with amachined face on one side.E41.clutch : any of various devices for engaging and disengaging two working engagingand disengaging two working parts of a shaft2.shaft: a long, generally cylindrical bar, especially one that rotates and transmits power3.transmission : a speed and power changing device4.gearshift : a mechanism for changing from one gear to another in a5.transaxle : an automotive part that combines the transmission and the differential and is used on vehicles with front-wheel drive6.flywheel: a heavy-rimmed rotating wheel used to minimize variations in angular velocityE51.The power is then carried from the engine through the power train to the car (通过传动系扒发动机传递到车轮) so that the wheels turn and the car moves.2.( 如果汽车变速器需要修理和更换)If your car transmission needs repairs orreplacement，you’ve come to the right phone.3.If you wanted a top speed of 80 km/h，then the gear ratio would be similar tothird gear ( 速比相近于3 挡) ,in most manual transmission cars .4.The torque converter does not require any regular maintenance or adjustments( 不要求定期维护或调整) ，but it may be possible to change the transmission fluid .5.The drive shaft can be. either open or enclosed , depending on the type of driveused (取决于所使用的驱动类型)U6E11 If your brakes can work properly , good brakes are essential for safety during dn、ruvtg.2. The disk brake is the best brake which is generally due to its simpler design , lighteri .elju Ind better braking performance.3 Brake linings used to be made maxnly of metals., because of ats heat absorbing propertlcb4Caliper is an important part, and it must be replaced if it indicates a sign of leak！ng lbfa_e Eutd. .lc5 The reason why we still have cars wlth drum brakes ls cheap.6.Drum brakes consist of some parts , such as a backing plate, brake shoes , brake dm. .1, wheel cylnder, return springs and an automatic or self-adjusting system.. brake shoes a brake1.T2. T3. F4. T5. T6. FE21.brake system制动系统2. the parking brake驻车制动器3.the service brake system行车制动系统4. the disk brake盘式制动器5.the hand brake 手制动6.the brake shoe制动蹄片7.drum brake 鼓式制动器8. brake pads制动块9brake performance 制动性能10. brake fluid制动液E31.The most vital factor in the running and control of the modem vehicles is thebreaking system.2.Brake fluid is a special liquid for use in a hydraulic brake system.3.The small forces applied to the brake pedal usually produce relatively largeforces.4.The rate of slowing down or retardation is governed by the speed of conversionof energy.5.Brake is a friction device for converting the power into heat by means of friction6.To decelerate and stop the moving automobile, the service brake are usuallyused.7.The brake lining of a friction maternal are secured to the shoes by brass8.The brake drum is mounted on the wheel hub.E41 brake : the means of bringing to rest a moving vehicle in a shortest possible distance.2 service brake : stop or slow a car by depressing and releasing the brake pedal.3 hand brake : keep the car from rolling on unleveled ground.4 drum brake : a backing plate , brake shoes , wheel cylinder , return springs etc.5 parking brake : hold the automobile at rest.E51.An automobile brake system is actually a friction device to change power intoheat（实际上就是一种把动力转变成热量的摩擦装置).2.Basically , automobile brakes are of two types: the mechanical brakes and thehydraulic brakes (机械制动器和液压制动)3.The most vital factor in the running and control of the modem vehicles is theautomobile brake system (汽车制动系统).4.There are two brake shoes at each wheel. The bottoms of the shoes are heldapart by an adjuster. The tops of shoes are held apart by a wheel cylinder（蹄片顶部由轮缸分别固定）5.Brake lines are steel tubing with copper and lead coating to prevent rust andcorrosion ( 以防锈蚀)U7EXERCISE 11. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. F1 . The most important function of the suspension system ls to supply comfortable , safe nde cot- trol2. According to the article , we know that there are five basic types of spnngs used ln sus,eT"-sions ：coil spring , leaf spring , torsion bar spring , traction,barand air spnngn3. The disadvantage of a coil spring ls its compactness , lack of moving parts , and excellentweight supporting characteristics.4. According to e passage , leaf springs are often used on the front suspension of front drive vehtcles5. When the coil springs , leaf springs , torsion bar spring ,L air springs ls defected , thls couldd cause the car to bounce up and down without any control6. Shock absorber movement ls limited by forcing fluid , d which causes the shock absorber to causes the shock absorbercompress or extend at a slow rate.EXERCISE 21.suspension system 悬架系统2.front suspension system前悬架系3.air compressor 空气压缩机4.torque tube传递转矩管5.axle housing alignment 桥壳定位6.coil spring 螺旋弹簧7.lower control arm 下控制臂8.rebound clip缓冲夹9.traction bar 牵引杆10.control arm控制臂EXERCISE 31.The leaf springs or leaves. most commonly used tn automobiles is' made up ofseveral long plates ,2.Suspension refers to the use of the front and rear springs to suspend a vehicle ' srear springs to suspend a vehicle sprung weight3.Shock absorber are hydraulic restricting devices used to hmt the speed of springaction.4.The car frame is connected to the axles by springs which absorb road shock5.The coil springs is made from a length of steel rod wound Into a coil.6.The front-suspension system must allow the wheels to move up and down.7.In operations, the lower control arms pivot up and down , twisting the torsionbars spring.8.Rebound clips are place along the spnng to prevent separahon of the leaveswhen the spring rebounds.EXERCISE 41.coil spring : a round bar of spring steel wound into the shape of a coil2.leaf spring : several layers of spring steel stacked one upon the other3.torsion ba r : spring a long solid steel shaft held at one end to the suspension s control arm4.air spring : a rubber bag or bladder full of air5.shock absorber : a hydraulic device by forcing fluid through passages or orifices6 suspension : use of the front and rear spring to suspend a vehicleEXERCISE 51.We all Know that springs are the major component（弹簧是主要部件) .nautomobile suspension.2.The automobile suspension is one of the major automobile system (汽车的主要系统之一。
专业英语单词及句子翻译
1、电器设备：electrical equipment2、铰接客车：articulated bus3、内燃机：internal combustion engine4、变矩器：torque converter5、差速器：differential gear6、传动轴：propeller shaft7、转向柱：steering column8、钢板弹簧：leaf spring9、螺旋弹簧：coil spring10、扭杆弹簧：torsion bar11、连杆：connection rod12、上止点：top read center13、下止点：bottom read center14、吸气行程：induction stroke15、做功行程：power stroke16、压缩行程：compression stroke17、排气行程：exhaust stroke18、有效容积：swept volume19、发动机排量：engine capacity20、转向系统：steering system21、传动系统：power train system22、制动系统：brake system23、车身：automobile body24、底盘：chassis25、发动机：engine26、电气系统：electrical system27、压缩比：compression ratio28、气缸体：cylinder block29、气缸盖：cylinder head30、顶置凸轮：overhead-cam31、灰铸铁：gray iron32、碳钢：carbon steel33、铝合金：aluminum alloy34、进气总管：internal manifold35、曲轴箱：crankcase36、活塞环（销）：piston ring（pin）37、切向力：tangential force38、径向力：radial force39、气缸壁：cylinder wall40、气缸筒：cylinder bore41、往复运动：reciprocating motion42、点火次序：firing order43、人造橡胶：elastomer44、合成橡胶：synthetic rubber 45、气门间隙：valve clearance46、凸轮挺赶：cam follower47、气门正时：valve timing48、进气门：intake valve49、排气门：exhaust valve50、电子式气阀控制：electronic valve control51、顶置凸轮轴：overhead camshaft52、齿轮带：cog-type belt1、有些零件使汽车更舒服或更美观，但其中大多数是使汽车行驶。
内燃机专业英语
内燃机英语名词--------------------------------------------------------------------------------活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(一)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语1 往复活塞式内燃机Reciprocating engine2 二冲程内燃机Two-stroke engine3 四冲程内燃机Four-strokeen gine4 汽油机Gasolineengine5 顶置气门汽油机Overhead-valve engine6 侧置气门汽油机Side-valvengine7 汽油喷射式汽油机Gasoline-injection engine8 顶置凸轮轴内燃机Overhead camshaft engine9 柴油机Dieselengine10 煤气机Gas engine11 柴油煤气机Gas-Diesel engine12 多种燃料内燃机Multi-fuel engine13 低转速柴油机Low-speed Dieselengine14 中转速柴油机Medium-speed Diesel engine15 高转速柴油机High-speedDieselengine16 增压柴油机Supercharged Diesel engine17 低增压柴油机Low-supercharged Diesel engine18 中增压柴油机Medium-supercharged Dieselengine19 高增压柴油机High-supercharged Dieselengine20 超高增压柴油机Superhigh supercharged Dieselengine21 废气涡轮增压柴油机Turbocharged Diesel engine22 机械增压柴油机Mechanical pressure-charged engine23 两级增压柴油机Two stage super-charged engine24 复合式柴油机Compound Dieselengine25 十字头式柴油机Crosshead Diesel engine26 船用挂机Outboardengine27 水冷内燃机Water-coolede ngine28 风冷内燃机Air-cooled engine29 单缸内燃机Single-cylindeenrg ine30 多缸内燃机Multi cylinder engine31 卧式内燃机Horizontalengine32 立式内燃机Vertical engine33 斜置式内燃机34 直列式内燃机In-line engine35 对置气缸内燃机Opposed-cylinder-type engine36 对动活塞内燃机Opposed-pistonengine37U 形内燃机U-pistonengine38V 形内燃机V-engine39W 形内燃机W-engine40X 形内燃机X-engine41 星形内燃机Radialengine42 ▽形内燃机▽-Type engine43 工字形内燃机工-type engine44 王字形内燃机王-type engine往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(二)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语45 气缸直径Cylinderbore46 活塞行程Stroke 47 上止点Top dead centre48 下止点Bottom dead centre49 行程缸径比Stroke-borrea tio50 连杆比Ratio between crank radius andconnecting rod length 51 充量Charge52 工质Working medium53 进气行程Suctionstroke54 压缩行程Compression stroke55 膨胀行程Expansionstroke56 排气行程Exhauststroke57 换气-压缩行程（二冲程）Scavenging-compression stroke 58 膨胀-换气行程（二冲程）Expansion-scavengingstroke59 工作循环Working cycle60 扫气过程Scavenging61 直流扫气Uniflowscavenging62 回流扫气Loopscavenging63 横流扫气Crossscavenging64 扫气泵扫气Scavenging by blower65 曲轴箱扫气Crankcase scavenging66 活塞底泵扫气Under-piston pump scavenging67 进气温度Intaketemperature68 进气压力Intakepressure69 进气涡流Intakeswirl70 排气温度Exhaust-gastemperature71 排气背压Back pressure72 排气烟度Exhaust gas opacity73 充量系数Charging efficiency7474 残余废气系数Residual gas ratio75 扫气利用系数Coefficient of scavenging76 扫气漏失系数77 扫气系数Scavengingfactor78 压缩始点压力Compression beginning pressure79 压缩终点压力Compression end pressure80 压缩始点温度Compression beginning temperature81 压缩终点温度Compression end temperature82 最高燃烧温度Maximum combustion temperature83 膨胀终点温度Expansion end temperature84 膨胀终点压力Expansion end pressure85 平均压力增长率Mean rate of pressure increase86 放热速率Rate of heat release87 燃烧速率Burningvelocity88 火焰传播速度Rate of flame propagation89 表面点火Surfaceignition90 放热规律Regularity of heat release91 过量空气系数Excess air factor92 总过量空气系数Total excess air factor 93 气缸工作容积Piston swept volume 94 总排量Engine sweptvolume95 压缩多变指数Polytropic exponent of compression96 膨胀多变指数Polytropic exponent of expansion97 最高爆发压力Maximum cylinder pressure98 压力升高比Rate of explosion99 初期膨胀比Cut-offr ate100 后期膨胀比Expansionrate101 放热系数Coefficient of heat release102 热平衡Heat balance103 有效功的热当量Mechanical equivalent of heat104 排气热损失Exhaustloss105 冷却热损失Coolingloss106 热平衡余项损失Heat loss as residual term of the heatbalance107 示功图Indicator diagram 108 示功图丰满系数Diagram factor109 扫气过量空气系数Delivery ratio110 空燃比Air-fuerla tio111 扫气效率Scavengingefficiency112 低热值Lower calorificvalue113 空气利用率Rate of air utilization114 热量利用系数Coefficient of heat utilization115 压缩比Compression ratio116 有效压缩比Effective compression ratio117 分子变更系数118 指示功Indicatedwork119 平均指示压力Mean indicated pressure120 指示热效率Indicatedthermalefficiency121 指示热消耗率Indicated specific heat consumption122 工作过程Working process123 压缩空气瓶容量124 指示燃油消耗率Indicated specific fuel consumption125 燃油消耗率Specific fuel consumption126 燃油消耗量Fuelconsumption127 热消耗量Heat consumption128 机油消耗率Specific oil consumption129 机油消耗量Oilconsumption130 空气消耗量Airconsumption131 最低燃油消耗率Minimum specific fuel consumption132 进排气重叠角Valve overlap133 进气持续角Intake valve-opening time134 排气持续角Exhaust valve-opening time135 点火提前角Advance angle of ignition136 进气提前角Intake advance angle137 进气滞后角Intake retard angle138 排气提前角Exhaustadvanceangle139 排气滞后角Exhaust retard angle140 扫气持续角Scavenging port-opening time 141 燃烧持续期Combustion duration 142 滞燃期Ignitiolna g143 显然期Apparent combustion period144 后燃期Afterburning145 早燃Preignition146 回火Back fire147 爆燃Detonation148 工作粗暴Engineroughness149 发火顺序Firingorder150 正时Valve timing往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(三)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语151 燃烧过程Combustion process152 油膜燃烧Film combustion153 空间燃烧Space combustion154 复合燃烧Compound combustion155 混合气形成Mixing156 废气净化Exhaust emission control157 雾化Atomization158 喷油速率Injection rate159 喷油规律Characteristic of fuel delivery160 喷油持续角Fuel injection period161 喷油延迟角Fuel injection lag162 供油提前角Deliverybeginning163 喷油提前角Fuel injection beginning164 换气过程Gas exchangeprocess165 配气相位Valve timing166 残余废气Residualgas167 增压Supercharging168 增压比Pressureratio169 气波增压Comprex supercharging170 增压压力Boostpressure171 废气涡轮增压Turbocharging172 机械增压Mechanicalsupercharging173 复合增压Two stagesupercharging174 定压增压Constantpressure175 脉冲增压Pulseturbocharginsgy stem 176 增压中冷Intercooling 177 增压度Degree ofcharging178 增压器出口温度Supercharger outlet temperature179 脉冲进气Impulse suction往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(四)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语180 时间-面积值/角度-面积值Time area181 积炭Carbon deposit182 结胶Sticking183 敲缸Knock184 气阻Vapour lock185 燃烧室面容比Surface volume ratio186 燃烧室的挤流面积Squish area187 激冷效应Quenching188 燃料当量比Equivalenceratio189 L型燃烧室** Side valve combustion chamber190 楔形燃烧室** Wedge combustion chamber191 盆型燃烧室** Basin type chamber192 F型燃烧室** F-head type combustion chamber193 半球形燃烧室** Semispherical combustion chamber194 开式燃烧室* Open combustion chamber195 分开式燃烧室* Divided combustion chamber196 半开式燃烧室* Semi-divided combustion chamber197 涡流室燃烧室* Swirl chamber type198 预燃室燃烧室* Precombustion chamber type199 直接喷射燃烧室* Direct injection type chamber200* 主燃烧室Main combustion type chamber201* 球型燃烧室Spherical combustion chamber202* ω型燃烧室ωtype chamber203* 盆型燃烧室Dish type chamber204 层状充气Stratificehda rging205 挤压涡流Squishswirl206 螺旋进气道Spiralport207 切向气道Tangentialp ort注释：*指柴油机燃烧室，**指汽油机燃烧室。
内燃机专业英语词汇-带音标
1. accessory [əkˈsesəri] 附件2. atmosphere[ˈætməsfɪə(r)] 空气3. bare[beə(r)] 裸露4. bearing [ˈbeərɪŋ]轴承5. bedplate ['bedpleɪt] 机座6. blower[ˈbləʊə(r)] 压气机7. bolt[bəʊlt] 螺栓8. brake[breɪk] 刹车9. calorific[ˌkæləˈrɪfɪk] 热值10. camshaft[ˈkæmʃɑ:ft] 凸轮轴11. capacity[kəˈpæsəti] 电容12. cetane number [ˈsi:tein ˈnʌmbə]十六烷值13. cetane ['si:teɪn] 十六烷值14. charge [tʃɑ:dʒ] 充气15. combustion chamber [kəmˈbʌstʃənˈtʃeimbə] 燃烧室16. combustion[kəmˈbʌstʃən] 燃烧17. compress[kəmˈpres]压缩18. connect rod big end[kəˈnekt] [rɒd]连杆大端19. crank journal[kræŋk ˈdʒə:nl] 主轴颈20. crankshaft[ˈkræŋkʃɑ:ft] 曲轴21. crown [kraʊn] 活塞顶22. curve[kɜ:v] 曲线23. cylinder[ˈsɪlɪndə(r)] 气缸24. diesel[ˈdi:zl]柴油机25. drawbar ['drɔ:ˌbɑ:] 挂钩26. dynamometer[ˌdaɪnə'mɒmɪtə] 测功器27. eliminate[ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt] 排除28. exert [ɪgˈzɜ:t] 施加29. exhaust gas driven turbocharger[ɪgˈzɔ:st][gæs][ˈdrɪvn][ˈtɜ:bəʊtʃɑ:dʒə(r)] 废气涡轮增压器30. exhaust[ɪgˈzɔ:st] 排气31. fan[fæn] 风扇32. film[fɪlm] 油膜33. flame[fleɪm] 火焰34. frame[freɪm] 机架35. friction [ˈfrɪkʃn] 摩擦36. gallon[ˈgælən] 加仑37. generator[ˈdʒenəreɪtə(r)] 发电机114. frequency response [ˈfri:kwənsiriˈspɔns] 频率响应115. frequency responsecharacteristic [ˈfri:kwənsi riˈspɔns][ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk]频率响应特性116. Hall effect [ɪˈfekt] 霍耳效应117. Hall element [ˈelɪmənt] 霍耳元件118. dynamic response [daiˈnæmik riˈspɔns]动态响应119. eddy-current ['edi:k'ʌrənt]涡流120. eddy-currentdynamometer ['edi:k'ʌrənt] [ˌdaɪnə'mɒmɪtə] 电涡流测功器121. eddy-current testing ['edi:k'ʌrənt][ˈtestɪŋ]涡流检测122. eddy-current testinginstrument ['edi:k'ʌrənt][ˈtestɪŋ][ˈɪnstrəmənt] 涡流检测仪123. eddy-current thicknessgauge['edi:k'ʌrənt] [ˈθɪknɪs geidʒ]涡流测厚仪124. inductive transducer [inˈdʌktivtrænzˈdju:sə] 电感式传感器125. charge amplifier[tʃɑ:dʒˈæmpləˌfaɪə] 电荷放大器126. ammeter [ˈæmi:tə(r)] 电流表127. voltmeter[ˈvəʊltmi:tə(r)] 电压表128. chromatography [ˌkrəʊməˈtɒgrəfi] 色谱学129. chromatograph['krəʊmətəgrɑ:f]色谱法130. chromatogram[krəʊ'mætəˌgræm]色谱图131. chromatograph ['krəʊmətəgrɑ:f]色谱仪132. linear range[ˈlɪniə(r)][reɪndʒ]线性范围133. linear system [ˈlɪniə(r)] [ˈsɪstəm]线性系统134. natural frequency [ˈnætʃərəl ˈf ri:kwənsi]固有频率135. phase difference [feiz ˈdifərəns]相位差136. piezoelectric effect[paɪˌi:zəʊɪ'lektrɪk] [ɪˈfekt]压电效应137. piezoelectric accelerationtransducer [paɪˌi:zəʊɪ'lektrɪk] [əkˌseləˈreɪʃn][trænzˈdju:sə(r)] 压电式加速度传感器138. piezomagnetic effect[paɪi:zəʊmæg'netɪk] [ɪˈfekt]压磁效应139. pressure transducer [ˈpreʃətrænzˈdju:sə]38. gross [grəʊs] 毛重39. handle[ˈhændl]控制40. hold-over['həʊld'əʊvər] 遗留物41. horsepower[ˈhɔ:spaʊə(r)] 马力42. ignite[ɪgˈnaɪt]点火43. illustrate [ˈɪləstreɪt] 图示44. impose[ɪmˈpəʊz] 施加45. inhale[ɪnˈheɪl]进气46. initial[ɪˈnɪʃl]初始值47. injection [ɪnˈdʒekʃn] 喷射48. injector [ɪn'dʒektə] 喷油器49. intermittent [ˌɪntəˈmɪtənt]断续50. Internal combustion engine[inˈtə:nəl kəmˈbʌstʃən ˈendʒin] 内燃机51. intimate[ˈɪntɪmət] 宣布52. jacket [ˈdʒækɪt] 水套53. lever[ˈli:və(r)] 杠杆54. liner [ˈlaɪnə(r)] 气缸套55. list [lɪst] 清单56. load[ləʊd] 负荷57. major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)]主体58. mean [mi:n] 均值59. measure [ˈmeʒə(r)] 测量60. mixing['mɪksɪŋ]混合61. offer[ˈɒfə(r)] 提供62. offset[ˈɒfset] 偏移63. opposed [əˈpəʊzd] 对置64. overlap[ˌəʊvəˈlæp] 重叠65. overload [ˌəʊvəˈləʊd] 过载66. particular [pəˈtɪkjələ(r)] 特色67. peak[pi:k] 峰值68. pilot [ˈpaɪlət] 引导69. pin[pɪn] 销70. piston ring[ˈpistən riŋ]活塞环71. piston[ˈpɪstən] 活塞72. plier['plaɪə] 钳子73. propeller [prəˈpelə(r)] 螺旋桨74. puzzle[ˈpʌzl] 疑惑75. radius [ˈreɪdiəs] 半径76. recommend[ˌrekəˈmend] 推荐77. represent[ˌreprɪˈzent] 代表78. reservoir [ˈrezəvwɑ:(r)] 瓶79. resistance [rɪˈzɪstəns] 电阻压力传感器140. relative error[ˈrelətiv ˈerə]相对误差141. sampling[ˈsɑ:mplɪŋ]采样142. sampling frequency[ˈsɑ:mplɪŋ][ˈfri:kwənsi]采样频率143. sampling period [ˈsɑ:mplɪŋ] [ˈpɪəriəd]采样周期144. sampling rate [ˈsɑ:mplɪŋ][reɪt]采样率145. sound field [saund fi:ld]声场146. sound intensity [saund inˈtensiti]声强147. sound intensity level [saund inˈtensiti ˈlevl]声强级148. sound level [saund ˈlevl]声级149. sound pressure [saund ˈpreʃə]声压150. sound pressure level[saund ˈpreʃəˈlevl]声压级151. sound power level[saund ˈpauəˈlevl]声功率级152. span[spæn]量程153. strain[streɪn]应变154. strain effect[strein iˈfekt]应变155. strain gauge[strein geidʒ]应变片156. strain-gauge-typetransducer [streɪn] [geɪdʒ][taɪp][trænzˈdju:sə(r)] 应变式传感器157. step response[step riˈspɔns]阶跃响应158. step response time [step riˈspɔns taim]阶跃响应时间159. thermal radiation [ˈθə:məl ˌreidiˈeiʃən]热辐射160. thermocouple ['θɜ:mə'kʌpl]热电偶161. thermocouple wires thermocouple wires ['waɪəz]热电偶丝162. thermodynamic scale [ˈθə:məudaiˈnæmik skeil]热力学温标163. threshold value [ˈθreʃhəuld ˈvælju]阈值164. time constant[taim ˈkɔnstənt]时间常数165. transducer [trænzˈdju:sə(r)]传感器166. transfer function[trænsˈfə: ˈfʌŋkʃən]传递函数167. transient [ˈtrænziənt]瞬态168. steady state [ˈstedi steit]稳态169. zero drift [ˈziərəu drift]零点漂移170. signal-to-noise ratio[ˈsɪgnəl] [tə]80. revolution[ˌrevəˈlu:ʃn] 转81. ring[rɪŋ]活塞环82. rod [rɒd] 连杆83. satisfactory [ˌsætɪsˈfæktəri] 安全84. scavenge [ˈskævɪndʒ] 扫气85. seal [si:l] 密封86. silencer[ˈsaɪlənsə(r)] 消音器87. skirt[skɜ:t] 活塞裙88. specifications [spesɪfɪ'keɪʃnz]说明书89. spray [spreɪ] 喷洒90. stroke [strəʊk] 冲程91. term[tɜ:m] 术语92. torque [tɔ:k] 扭矩93. travel [ˈtrævl]传播94. turbocharger [ˈtɜ:bəʊtʃɑ:dʒə(r)]增压器95. twist [twɪst] 扭曲96. vaporization [,veipərai'zeiʃən]蒸发97. variable[ˈveəriəbl] 变量98. vehicular [vəˈhɪkjələ(r)] 车辆99. viscosity[vɪ'skɒsətɪ] 粘度100. weld[weld] 焊接101. absolute error [ˈæbsəlju:tˈerə] 绝对误差102. amplitude [ˈæmplɪtju:d]振幅，幅值103. atmospheric pressure [ˌætməˈsferɪk ˈpreʃə]气压104. sensor[ˈsensə(r)]传感器105. biosensor[bi:əʊ'sensər] 生物传感器106. calibration [ˌkælɪˈbreɪʃn]校准，标定107. capacitivetransducer [kə'pæsɪtɪv] [trænzˈdju:sə(r)]电容传感器108. charge amplifier [tʃɑ:dʒˈæmpləˌfaɪə] 电荷放大器109. damping['dæmpɪŋ]阻尼110. damping coefficient [ˈdæmpiŋ ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt] 阻尼系数111. delay time [diˈlei taim]滞后时间112. deviation [ˌdi:viˈeɪʃn] 偏差113. error of indication [ˈerə(r)][ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃn]示值误差[nɔɪz] [ˈreɪʃiəʊ]信噪比171. sensing element [sensɪŋ][ˈelɪmənt]敏感元件172. sensitivity [ˌsensəˈtɪvəti]灵敏度173. sensitivity characteristic [ˌsensɪˈtɪvɪti: ˌkæriktəˈristik]灵敏度特性174. sensitivity drift[ˌsensɪˈtɪvɪti: drift]灵敏度漂移175. sensitivity error[ˌsensɪˈtɪvɪti: ˈerə]灵敏度误差176. sensitivity coefficient [ˌsensɪˈtɪvɪti:ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt]灵敏度系数177. response[rɪˈspɒns]响应178. response characteristic[riˈspɔnsˌkæriktəˈristik]响应特性179. response speed [riˈspɔns spi:d]响应速度180. response time[riˈspɔns taim]响应时间181. on -line[ɒn] [laɪn] 在线182. on-line processing[ɒn] [laɪn][ˈprəʊsesiŋ]在线处理183. on-line equipment [ɒn] [laɪn] [ɪˈkwɪpmənt] 在线设备184. on-line real-time processing[ɒn] [laɪn] [ˈri:əl][taɪm] [ˈprəʊsesiŋ]在线实时处理185. in line [in lain]在线186. off line [ɔf lain]离线187. real time [riəl taim]实时188. random error[ˈrændəm ˈerə]随机误差189. systematic error[ˌs istəˈmætik ˈerə]系统误差190. noise [nɔɪz]噪声191. vibration[vaɪˈbreɪʃn]振动192. vibration analyzer[vaɪˈbreɪʃn] ['ænəˌlaɪzə]振动分析仪193. infrared spectrum [ˈinfrəˈred ˈspektrəm]红外光谱194. infrared fiber [ˌɪnfrəˈred] ['faɪbə]红外光纤195. hysteresis error [ˌhistəˈri:sis ˈerə]滞后误差196. hysteresis [ˌhɪstə'ri:sɪs]滞后197. intelligent sensor [inˈtelidʒənt ˈsensə]智能传感器198. flow rate [fləu reit]流量199. flowmeter ['fləʊmi:tə]流量计200. scale[skeɪl]标度尺。
煤矿安全专业英语
煤矿安全专业英语1．mine ventilation 矿山通风internal combustion engine 内燃机dilute 冲淡, 变淡, 变弱, 稀释contaminant 污染物noxious 有害的exhaust shaft 出风井colliery 煤矿sink 挖掘suction 吸入, 吸力, 抽气, 抽气机, 抽水泵, 吸引canary [动]金丝雀, 淡黄色trap door 通风门trapper 设阱捕兽者, [矿]矿井风门开关管理员moisture content 湿度thermodynamic 热力学的, 使用热动力的head 液压，气压：液体或气体产生的压力；压差static energy 静压能velocity energy 动能potential energy 位能、势能incompressible fluid 不可压缩流体3．Face 工作面blind 不通的（巷道）entry 水平巷道，主平巷（美国烟煤地区名称）；通向地面的通风巷道（煤）active entry 生产煤巷adit entry 平硐air entry 风巷crosscut 石门brattice 风障auxiliary fan 局部通风机open连通的air leakage 漏风heading 平巷blowing (or blower） system 压入式系统exhaust system 抽出式系统gas up 瓦斯积聚methane buildup 甲烷积聚4.axial-flow fan 轴流式风机centrifugal fan 离心式风机variable-pitch 可变安装角characteristic curve 特性曲线blade 叶片power output 输出功率power input 输入功率5.downcast shaft 进风竖井drift 水平巷道slope 斜井adit 平硐intake airway 进风巷return airway 回风巷upcast shaft 回风竖井"blow-out" panel 冲击板（防爆门）stopping 风墙Seal 密闭Stratum 【地质学】地层：组成成份大致相同的沉积岩的岩床或岩层spontaneous combustion 自燃door 风门airlock 风闸6.ventilation network 通风网络dead-end 独头巷道junction (node) 节点mass flow 质量流量volume flow 体积流量mesh 网孔datum 数据（data)【测】基点线, 基准面specific volume 比容barometric[,b?r?u'metrik] 大气压力的loop 回路Kinetic [ki'netik] energy 动能NVE=natural ventilation energy 自然通风能量NVP=natural ventilation pressure 自然风压7.propane 丙烷carbon dioxide 二氧化碳stratification 分层buoyancy 浮力turbulence 湍流hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物（烃类）8.rank 品级bituminous 烟煤anthracite 无烟煤igneous 【地】火成的natural fracture 原生裂隙cleat 【地质】割理porosity [p?:'r?siti] 多孔性9.conflagration [k?nfl?'ɡrei??n] 大火, 大火灾, 突发compressor [k?m'pres?] 压缩机Thrower ['θr?u?] 【军】投掷器, 喷射器, 发射器combustible [k?m'b?st?bl] 易燃物；可燃物earth [?:θ] [电] 接地, n.地线; 泥土；尘世；陆地smouldering ['sm?uld?ri?] 闷烧, 低温炼焦, 低温干馏propagation [,pr?p?'ɡei??n] 蔓延proliferate [pr?u'lif?reit] 增生蔓延distilled 由蒸馏得来的conveyor 运输机gearhead ['ɡi?hed] 机头sprinkler system ['spri?kl?] 自动喷水消防系统high expansion foam [f?um] 高倍膨胀泡沫10.sulphide ['s?lfaid] 硫化物inhibit [in'hibit] 阻止反应，减慢（反应的）速度oxidation [,?ksi'dei??n] 氧化作用SHT-self-heating temperature 自然温度Exothermic [,eks?u'θ?:mik] [化]发热的, 放出热量的chemisorption [kemi'z?:p??n] 化学吸附作用peroxy-complexe [p?'r?ksi] [k?p l?ks] 过化合物oxalic acid [?k's?lik] ['?sid] 草酸aromatic acid [,?r?u'm?tik] 芳香酸gobstink [sti?k] 采空区臭味Incineration [in,sin?'rei??n] 烧成灰susceptibility to spontaneous combustion 自然倾向性petrology [pi:'tr?l?d?i] 岩石学adiabatic [,?di?'b?tik] [物]绝热的, 隔热的goaf (gob) [ɡ?uf] 采空区friability [frai?'biliti] 脆性winning ['wini?] 【矿】开采; 备采煤区pillar 支柱per centage extraction 开采百分率multi-lift 多分层caving mining 崩落开采法gradient ['ɡreidi?nt] 倾斜度;梯度11.aerosol ['ε?r?s?l] 浮质(气体中的悬浮微粒,如烟,雾等) Microflora [,maikr?u'fl?:r?] 微植物群respiratory ['resp?r?t?ri] 呼吸的abrasion [?'brei??n] 磨损boring 打眼；钻进；钻探extraction 开采longwall 长壁开采法shearer （滚筒式）采煤机。
完整版内燃机专业英语翻译
Chapter 1 Enging types and their operation1.1 Introduction and historical perspective1．内燃机的目的是从蕴含在燃料中的化学能中得到机械动力。
The purpose of internal combustion engines is the production of mechanical power from the chemical energy contained in the fuel .2．有别于外部燃烧机器，在内燃机中，能量是在机器内部燃烧或氧化燃料释放出来的。
In internal combustion engines ,as distinct from external combustion engines, this energy is released by burning or oxidizing the fuel inside the engine.3．实际上正是由于燃烧发生在机器做功部件内部才使它们的设计和运行特征从根本上有别于其他类型的机器。
It is the fact that combustion takes places inside the work-producing part of these engines that makes their design and operating characteristics fundamentally different from those of other types of engine.4.他的专利利用将液体燃料喷入仅由压缩而加热的空气中触发燃烧使效率高出其他类型内燃机的两倍。
更高的压缩比，不存在爆震或敲缸的现象成为可能。
His concept of initiating combustion by injecting a liquid fuel into air heated solely by compression permitted a doubling of efficiency over other internal combustion engines.Much greater expansion ratios, without detonation or knock were now possible.5.Houdry 发现蒸发的油在450至480度的温度下经过活性催化剂可转化为高质量汽油，比热裂解的产出高得多。
内燃机专业英语汇总
发动机 engine内燃机 intenal combusiton engine动力机装置 power unit汽油机 gasoline engine汽油喷射式汽油机 gasoline-injection engine火花点火式发动机 spark ignition engine 压燃式发动机 compression ignition engine往复式内燃机 reciprocating internal combustion engine化油器式发动机 carburetor engine柴油机 diesel engine转子发动机 rotary engine旋轮线转子发动机 rotary trochoidal engine二冲程发动机 two-stroke engine四冲程发动机 four-stroke engine直接喷射式柴油机 direct injectionengine间接喷射式柴油机 indirect injection engine增压式发动机 supercharged engine风冷式发动机 air-cooled engine油冷式发动机 oil-cooled engine水冷式发动机 water-cooled engine自然进气式发动机 naturally aspirated engine煤气机 gas engine液化石油气发动机 liquified petroleumgas engine柴油煤气机 diesel gas engine多种燃料发动机 multifuel engine石油发动机 hydrocarbon engine双燃料发动机 duel fuel engine热球式发动机 hot bulb engine多气缸发动机 multiple cylinder engine对置活塞发动机 opposed piston engine 对置气缸式发动机 opposed-cylinder engine十字头型发动机 cross head engine直列式发动机 in-line engine星型发动机 radial engine筒状活塞发动机 trunk-piston engine斯特林发动机 stirling engine套阀式发动机 knight engine气孔扫气式发动机 port-scavenged engine 倾斜式发动机 slant engine前置式发动机 front-engine后置式发动机 rear-engine中置式发动机 central engine左侧发动机 left-hand engine右侧发动机 right-hand engine短冲程发动机 oversquare engine长冲程发动机 undersquare engine等径程发动机 square engine顶置凸轮轴发动机 overhead camshaft engine双顶置凸轮轴发动机 dual overhead camshaft engineV形发动机 V-engine顶置气门发动机 valve in-head engine 侧置气门发动机 side valve engine无气门发动机 valveless engine多气门发动机 multi-valve engine卧式发动机 horizontal engine斜置式发动机 inclined engine立式发动机 vertical engineW形发动机 w-engineI形发动机 I-engineL形发动机 L-engineF形发动机 F-engine二冲程循环 two-stroke cycle四冲程循环 four-stroke cycle狄塞尔循环 diesel cycle奥托循环 otto cycle混合循环 mixed cycle定容循环 constant volume cycle工作循环 working cycle等压循环 constant pressure cycle理想循环 ideal cycle热力循环 thermodynamic cycle冲程 stroke活塞行程 piston stroke长行程 long stroke上行程 up stroke下行程 down stroke进气行程 intake stroke充气行程 charging stroke压缩行程 compression stroke爆炸行程 explosion stroke膨胀行程 expansion stroke动力行程 power stroke排气行程 exhaust stroke膨胀换气行程 expansion-exchange stroke 换气压缩行程 exchange-compression stroke止点 dead center上止点 top dead center(upper dead center)下止点 lower dead center(bottom dead center)上止点前 budc(before upper dead center) 上止点后 atdc(after top dead cetner)下止点前 bbdc(before bottom dead center) 下止点后 abdc(after bottom dead center) 缸径 cylinder bore缸径与行程 bore and stroke空气室 energy chamber气缸余隙容积 cylinder clearance volume 燃烧室容积 combustion chamber volume 气缸最大容积 maximum cylinder volume 压缩室 compression chamber排气量 displacement发动机排量 engine displacement活塞排量 piston swept volume气缸容量 cylinder capacity单室容量 single-chamber capacity容积法 volumetry压缩比 compression ratio临界压缩比 critical compression ratio膨胀比 expansion ratio面容比 surface to volume ratio行程缸径比 stroke-bore ratio混合比 mixture ratio压缩压力 compression pressure制动平均有效压力 brake mean effective pressure(bmep)空燃比 air fuel ratio燃空比 fuel air ratio燃料当量比 fuel equivalence ratio扭矩 torque单缸功率 power per cylinder升功率 power per liter升扭矩 torque per liter升质量 mass per liter减额功率 derating power输出马力 shaft horsepower马力小时，马力时 horsepower-hour总马力 gross horse power 总功率 gross power净功率 net power燃油消耗量 fuel consumption比燃料消耗率 specific fuel consumption 空气消耗率 air consumption机油消耗量 oil consumption有效马力 net horse power额定马力 rated horse power马力重量系数 horsepower-weight factor 制动功率 brake horse power制动热效率 brake thermal efficiency总效率 overall efficiency排烟极限功率 smoke limiting horsepower 功率曲线 power curve机械损失 mechanical loss机械效率 mechanical efficiency有效热效率 effective thermal efficiency充气系数 volumetric efficiency过量空气系数 coefficient of excess air适应性系数 adaptive coefficient扭矩适应性系数 coefficient of torque adaptibility转速适应性系数 speed adaptive coefficient强化系数 coefficient of intensification校正系数 correction factor换算系数 conversion factor活塞平均速度 mean piston speed发动机转速 engine speed (rotational frequency)怠速转速 idling speed经济转速 economic speed起动转速 starting speed最低稳定工作转速 lowest continuous speed with load最大扭矩转速 speed at maximum torque 最高空转转速 maximum no load governed speed调速 speed governing超速 overspeed怠速 idling转速波动率 speed fluctuation rate工况 working condition(operating mode) 额定工况 declared working condition变工况 variable working condition稳定工况 steady working condition空载 no-load全负荷 full load超负荷 overload部分负荷 part load充量（进气） charge旋转方向 direction of rotation顺时针 clockwise逆时针 counter-clockwise左转 left-hand rotation右转 right-hand rotation外径 major diameter中径 pitch diameter内径 minor diameter径向间隙 radial clearance发动机性能 engine performance加载性能 loading performance起动性能 starting performance加速性能 acceleration performance动力性能 power performance排放性能 emission performance空转特性 no load characteristics负荷特性 part throttle characteristics调速特性 governor control characteristics万有特性 mapping characteristics稳定调速率 steady state speed governing rate气缸体和气缸盖 cylinder block and head 气缸体 cylinder block整体铸造 cast inblock (cast enblock)发动机罩 engine bonnet气缸体加强筋 engine block stiffeningrib气缸 cylinder（转子机）缸体 stator缸径 cylinder bore气缸体机架 cylinder block frame气缸盖 cylinder head配气机构箱 valve mechanism casing气缸体隔片 cylinder spacer气缸盖密封环 cylinder head ring gasket 气缸盖垫片 cylinder head gasket气缸套 cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve)干式缸套 dry cylinder liner湿式缸套 wet cylinder liner气缸水套 water jacket膨胀塞 expansion plug防冻塞 freeze plug 气缸壁 cylinder wall环脊 ring ridge排气口 exhaust port中间隔板 intermediate bottum导板 guideway创成半径（转子机） generating radius缸体宽度（转子机） operating width机柱 column燃烧室 combustion chamber主燃烧室 main combustion chamber副燃烧室 subsidiary combustion chamber 预燃室 prechamber涡流燃烧室` swirl combustion chamber分开式燃烧室 divided combustion chamber 涡流式燃烧室 turbulence combustion chamber半球形燃烧室 hemispherical combustion chamber浴盆形燃烧室 bathtub section combustion chamberL形燃烧室 L-combustion chamber楔形燃烧室 wedge-section combustion chamber开式燃烧室 open combustion chamber封闭喷射室 closed spray chamber活塞顶内燃烧室 piston chamber爆发室 explosion chamber燃烧室容积比 volume ratio of combustion cahmber燃烧室口径比 surface-volume ratio of combustion chamber通道面积比 area ratio of combustion chamber passage曲轴箱通气口 crankcase breather凸轮轴轴承座 camshaft bearing bush seat 定时齿轮室罩 camshaft drive(gear)cover 曲轴箱检查孔盖 crankcase door曲轴箱防爆门 crankcase explosion proof door主轴承盖 main bearing cap气缸盖罩 valve mechanism cover飞轮壳 flywheel cover扫气储器 scavenging air receiver活塞 piston裙部开槽活塞 split skirt pistonU形槽活塞 U-slot piston滚花修复活塞 knurled piston圆顶活塞 dome head piston平顶活塞 flat head piston凸顶活塞 crown head piston(convex head piston)凹顶活塞 concave head piston阶梯顶活塞 step-head piston筒形活塞 trunk piston椭圆形活塞 oval piston抗热变形活塞 autothermic piston不变间隙活塞 constant clearance piston 镶因瓦钢片活塞 invar strut piston直接冷却式活塞 direct-cooled piston间接冷却式活塞 indirect cooled piston 滑裙活塞 slipper piston活塞速度 piston speed活塞顶部 piston head活塞裙部 piston skirt整体活塞裙 solid skirt活塞裙扩大衬簧 piston skirt expander滑履式活塞裙 slipper skirt隔热槽 heat dam活塞标记 piston mark活塞销 piston pin活塞销孔 piston pin boss活塞销衬套 piston pin bushing全浮式活塞销 full-floating piston pin半浮式活塞销 semifloating piston pin固定螺钉式活塞销 set screw piston pin 活塞环 piston ring组合式活塞环 compound piston ring同心活塞环 concentric piston ring偏心活塞环 eccentric piston ring自由环 free ring闭合环 closed ring梯形环 keystone ring半梯形环 half keystone ring矩形环 rectangular ring油环 oil control ring开槽油环 slotted oil control ring螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环 coil spring loaded slotted oil control ring涨环 expander双坡口油环 double bevelled oil control ring内上坡口 internal bevel top内下坡口 internal bevel bottom 边缘坡口油环 bevelled-ege oil control ring刮油环 scrapper ring钩形环 napier ring镀铬活塞环 chrome plated piston ring活塞衬环 piston ring expander活塞环槽 piston ring groove活塞环区 ring zone活塞环岸 piston ring land活塞环内表面 back of ring曲柄连杆机构 connecting rod中心曲柄连杆机构 central-located connecting rod偏心曲柄连杆机构 offset connecting rod 铰接曲柄边杆机构 hinged connecting rod 连杆 connecting rod连杆小头 connecting rod small end连杆大头 connnecting rod big end连杆杆身 connecting rod shank副连杆 slave connecting rod叉形连杆 fork-and-blade connecting rod 主连杆 main connecting rod方形连杆 boxed rod绞链式连杆 hinged type connecting rod 活节式连杆 articulated connecting rod连杆盖 connecting rod cap连杆轴承 connecting rod bearing曲轴 crankshaft整体式曲轴 one-piece crankshaft组合式曲轴 assembled crankshaft右侧曲轴 right-hand crankshaft左侧曲轴 left-hand crankshaft改变行程的曲轴stroked crankshaft曲轴前端 crankshaft front end曲轴主轴颈 crankshaft main journal轴颈重叠度 shaft journal overlap圆角 fillet主轴承main bearing曲轴止推轴承 crankshaft thrust bearing 薄臂轴瓦 thin wall bearing shell曲轴油道 crankshaft oil passage曲柄 crank曲柄臂 crank arm曲柄销 crank pin轴套 bush曲柄转角 crank angle曲柄半径 crank radius抛油圈 oil slander角度轮 degree wheel动平衡机 dynamic balancer平衡重 balancer weight扭振减振器 torshional vibration damper 扭振平衡器 torsion balancer谐振平衡器 harmonic balancer振动平衡器 vibration balancer曲轴链轮 crankshaft sprocket转子轴颈 rotor journal偏心轴 eccentric shaft曲轴箱 crankcase闭式曲轴箱通风装置 closed-crankcase ventilating system飞轮 flywheel飞轮齿圈 flywheel ring gear飞轮芯棒 cantilever飞轮芯轴 flywheel spindle飞轮的惯量矩 flywheel moment of inertia 飞轮标记 flywheel mark当量系统 equivalent system当量轴长 equivalent shaft length一级往复惯性力 reciprocating inertia force,1st order二级往复贯性力 reciprocating inertia force, 2nd order离心惯性力 centrifugal inertia force配气机构 valve gear凸轮轴 camshaft凸轮 cam整体式凸轮轴 one-piece camshaft组合式凸轮轴 assembled camshaft凸轮轴驱动机构 camshaft drive赛车用凸轮轴 race camshaft凸轮轴轴颈 camshaft bearing journal凸轮轴轴承 camshaft bearing凸轮轴偏心轮 camshaft eccentric凸轮轴链轮 camshaft sprocket凸轮轴正时齿轮camshaft timing gear 凸轮轴齿轮 camshaft gear wheel进口凸轮 inlet cam排气凸轮exhaust cam快升凸轮quick lift cam快升缓降凸轮quick lift gradual clsing cam凸轮轮廓 cam contour凸轮包角 cam angle 凸轮升程 cam-lobe lift凸轮尖 cam nose凸轮从动件 cam follower齿轮传动机构gear drive正时齿轮 timing gear链传动机构 chain drive链轮 sprocket wheel链轮盘 chain sprocket正时链条 timing chain带齿皮带 toothed timing belt链条张紧轮 chain tension gear半速齿轮 half speed gear正时齿轮刻印记号 timing gear punch mark 气门 valve进气过程 intake process换气过程 gas exchange process扫气过程 scavenging process给气比 delivery ratio分层充气 stratified charge充量系数 volumetric efficiency涡流比 swirl rate进气涡流 intake swirl螺旋进气道进气 helical duct intake导流屏式气门进气 masked valve intake切向进气道进气 tangential duct intake进气紊流 intake trubulence进气提前角 intake advance angle进气持续角 intake duration angle进气迟后角 intake lag angle进面值 time-area value气门升程 valve lift气门正时 valve timing扫气口面积 scavenging port area菌形气门 mashroom valve, poppet valve 钠冷却气门 sodium filled valve(natrium cooled valve)双气门 dual valve进气门 intake valve (suctionvalve,inlet valve)排气门 exhaust valve顶置气门 overhead valve侧置气门 side valve倾斜气门 inclined overhead valve直立气门 vertical overhead valve套筒式滑阀 sleeve valve气门机构 valve gear直接式气门驱动机构 direct valve gear间接式气门驱动机构 indirect valve gear 气门杆 valve stem加大气门杆 oversize valve stem气门头 valve head气门工作面 valve face气门边限 valve margin气门弹簧座 valve-spring retainer气门锁片 valve key气门间隙调节螺钉 valve lash adjusting screw气门旋转器 valve rotator气门室 valve cage气门油封 valve oil seal气门口 valve port气门座 valve seat气门座镶圈（嵌镶式气门座圈）valve seat insert(valve seat ring)气门座锥角 valve seat angle气门座宽度 valve seat width气门挺杆 valve tappet(valve lifter)液力挺杆 hydraulic tappet(lifter)无间隙挺杆 zero-rush tappet (non-clearance tappet)筒形挺杆 barrel type tappet油压挺杆 ooil tappet滚轮挺杆roller tappet(lifter)挺杆转位 tappet rotation排气门挺杆 exhaust valve lifter气门导管 valve guide气门杆导管 stem guide气门重叠度 stem overlap气门开启持续时间 valve duration气门正时标记 valve timing sign气门弹簧 valve spring气门内弹簧 inner valve spring气门外弹簧 outer valve spring刚性缓冲弹簧 stiff buffer spring上紧弹簧 energizing spring防振气门弹簧 non-surging spring弹簧座圈 spring retainer蝶形弹簧 belleville spring滚柱 roller气门室盖 valve chamber cover摇臂 rocker arm高升程摇臂 high lift rocker arm摇臂轴 rocker arm shaft推杆 push-rod 摇臂支架 rocker arm bracket气门摇臂室罩 valve rocker chamber cover 导向轮 guide wheel导杆 slide bar导轨 slide rail张紧轮 tensioning wheel链条张紧调节装置 assembly chain tension adjuster张紧带轮 tensioning pulley传动带张紧装置 belt tensioner同步驱动皮带 synchronous belt同步驱动皮轮 synchronous belt pulley供油系 fuel system控制燃烧系统 controlled combustion system反湿气装置 antipercolator电子燃油喷射 electronic fuel injection蒸气回收装置 vapor recovery system燃油蒸气回收系统 fuel vapor recovery system液体回收装置 liquid withdrawal system恒量净化管 constant purge line碳罐净化管 canister purge line供油量 fuel delivery循环供油量 fuel delivery per cycle额定供油量 rated fuel delivery怠速供油量 idling speed fuel delivery供油规律 fuel supply rate curve油量调节装置 fuel control unit供油提前角 fuel supply advance angle进油计量 inlet metering几何供油行程 geometric fuel delivery stroke供油率 fuel supply rate燃油通道 fuel gallery有效行程 effective stroke剩余行程 remainder stroke变行程计量 variable stroke metering等容卸载 constant volume unloading变容卸载 variable volume unloading收缩容积 retraction volume燃油喷油装置 fuel injection equipment燃油喷射泵 fuel injection pump滚轮式燃油喷射泵 roll fuel injectionpump凸轮轴式燃油喷射泵 camshaft fuel injection pump直列式燃油喷射泵 in-line fuel injection pump伺服式燃油喷射泵 servo fuel injection pump底部突缘安装燃油喷射泵base flanged mounted fuel injection pump上部安装燃油喷射泵 high flanged-mounted fuel injection pump侧向安装燃油喷射泵 side-mounted fuel injection pump端部突缘安装式燃油喷射泵 end flange-mounted fuel injection pumpV形燃油喷射泵 vee fuel injection pump脉动式燃油喷射泵 jerk fuel injectionpump螺纹安装燃油喷射泵 screw-mounted fuel injection pump蓄能式燃油喷射泵 accumulator fuel injection pump往复式燃油喷射泵 reciprocating fuel injection pump驱动轴式燃油喷射泵 driveshaft fuel injection pump单缸式燃油喷射泵 single cylinder fuel injection pump圆柱式燃油喷射泵 cylindrical fuelinjection pump旋转式燃油喷射泵 rotary fuel injection pump分配式燃油喷射泵 distributor fuelinjection pump多缸燃油喷射泵 multicylinder fuel injection pump框架安装式燃油喷射泵 cradle mounted injection pump喷油始点 fuel injection beginning喷油终点 fuel injection end喷油持续角 fuel injection durationangle喷油延迟 injection delay引燃喷射 pilot injection启喷压力 injection starting pressure峰值喷油扭矩 peak injection torque峰值喷油压力 peak injection pressure喷油泵油缸数目 number of cylinders ofan injection pump无气喷射 solid injection 喷射正时 injection timing集中喷射 group injection喷油器 injector整体式喷油器 unit injector喷嘴 nozzle轴针式喷嘴 pintle type nozzle环槽式喷嘴 annular slot nozzle孔式喷嘴 hole type nozzle长杆喷嘴long stem nozzle孔板式喷嘴 orifice plate nozzle开式喷嘴 open nozzle闭式喷嘴 closed nozzle喷油提前器 timing advance unit喷射泵壳体 injection pump housing针阀 needle芯轴 central spindle喷嘴壳体 nozzle body针阀升程 needle lift喷嘴盖形螺母 nozzle cap nut喷油器壳体 nozzle holder突缘安装喷油器壳体 flanged-mounted injection nozzle holder自动阻风门 automatic choke阻风门拉钮 choke button电控自动阻风门 electric-assisted choke 阻风管 choke tube喉管 venturi双重或三重喉管 double & triple venturi 阻风门拉线 choke cable化油器小喉管 booster venturi浮子系 float system浮子 float环形浮子 annular float同心式浮子 concentric float浮子支销 float hinge pin浮子针阀 float needle valve阀针 valve needle浮子油面 float level浮子臂 float arm侧置浮子室式 side float type怠速阀 idle valve怠速针阀 idle needle省油器 economizer省油器阀 economizer valve辅助空气阀 auxiliary air-valve加速油井 accelerating well加速泵 accelerating pump加速泵喷嘴 accelerating pump nozzle油门 throttle手油门 hand throttle节气门操纵手柄 throttle control lever真空加浓器 vacuum booster加浓器 excess fuel device量孔体 jet block怠速量孔 idle metering jet主量孔 main metering jet剂量阀活塞 dosage valve piston空气量孔 air jet燃油滤清器 fuel filter沉淀杯 sediment bowl串联过滤器 in-line filter燃油箱内装过滤器 in-tank filter调速器 governor飞球式调速器 flyball governor调速器 governor飞球式调速器 flyball governor液压调速器 hydraulic governor真空转速调速器 vacuum speed governor 惯性调速器 inertia governor离心调速器 centrifugal governor调速器重锤 governor weight空气滤清器及进排气系统 air cleaner and intake and exhaust sytem空气滤清器 air filter冲压式空气滤清器 ram air clearner恒温控制式空气滤清器 thermostatic controlled air cleaner油浴式空气滤清器 oil bath air cleaner纸质空气滤清器 paper air clearner旋流管式空气滤清器 swirl tube airfilter滤清器滤芯 filter element空气滤清器壳体 air filter housing空气滤清器盖 air filter cover滤清器密封圈 filter seal ring滤网 sieve滤纸盘或膜 filter paper disc or membrane进气和排气系统 intake and exhaust system排气管 exhaust pipe排气抽气管 exhaust extraction duct扫气泵 scavenging pump进气预热装置 intake preheater 进气歧管 intake manifold进气歧管真空度 intake manifold vacuum 冷式进气歧管 cold manifold冲压式进气歧管 ram intake manifold排气歧管 exhaust manifold脉冲式排气歧管 pulse exhaust manifold 等压排气歧管 constant pressrue exhaust manifold排气歧管热量控制阀 exhaust manifold heat control valve超高度歧管 high-rise manifold升温横跨管道 heat crossover排气横跨管道 exhaust crossover预热点 hot spot阻风门加热器 choke heater热空气导流管 hot air duct隔热板 heat shield排气再循环阀 exhaust -gas-recirculation 消声器 silencer进气消声器 intake silencer排气消声器 exhaust silencer金属垫片式消声器 steel pack muffler玻璃丝消声器 glass pack muffler空洞消声器 gutted muffler前排气管 front exhaust pipe尾管 tail pipe消声器联接管 intermediate pipe热空气管 hot air pipe曲轴箱通风管 crankcase bleed pipe隔声罩 acoustic hood进气消声器元件 silencer element真空泵 vacuum pump指示功率 indicated power指示热效率 indicated thermal efficiency 指示油耗率 indicated specific energy consumption示功图 indicator diagram冷却系 cooling system风冷 air cooling水冷 water-cooling循环流冷却系cooling recovery system 自然循环液冷却系统 natural circulation type cooling system热流循环液冷却系统 thermo-siphon circulation type cooling system温差循环液冷却系统 gravity circulation water cooling system压力式水冷却系统 positive circulation cooling system加压式冷却法 pressure type cooling水泵循环冷却系统 pump circulation cooling system强制循环式化冷系统 forced-feed water circulation system封闭式液冷系统 sealed cooling system 散热器 radiator片式散热器 finned radiator管式散热器 tubular radiator蜂窝式散热器 cellular radiator哈里逊式散热器 Harrison type radiator 带板式散热器 ribbon type radiator上水箱 upper tank下水箱 lower tank涨溢箱 expansion tank散热器芯 radiator core之字形管散热器芯 film core管-片式散热器芯 fin and tube core散热器加水口盖 radiator filter cap压力式水箱盖 radiator-pressure cap蒸气-空气泄放阀 vapor-air release valve 散热器护罩 radiator cowl散热器百叶窗 radiator shutter散热器保温帘 radiator roller blind散热片 cooling fin缸盖散热片 cylinder head fin缸体散热片 cylinder block fin控温装置 temperature regulating device 恒温器 thermostat恒温器主阀 thermostat main valve恒温器旁通阀 thermostat by-pass valve 恒温器挠性波纹筒 thermostat flexible bellows液体冷却设备 liquid cooling equipment 水泵 water pump水泵体 pump casing水泵叶轮 water pump impeller旁通进水口 water by-pass inlet neck循环泵 circulating pump主进水口 water main inlet port出水口 water outlet port自调式水封 self-adjusting seal unit溢流管 overflow pipe导流板 deflector风扇 fan(blower) 轴流式风扇 axial flow fan离心式风扇 centrifugal fan风扇壳体 blower casing风扇导流罩 fan cowl风扇毂 fan hub风扇叶片 fan blade风扇叶轮 blower impeller风扇导流定子 blower stator风扇皮带轮 fan pulley三角皮带 v-belt风扇护罩 fan shroud风扇叶轮叶片 impeller vane冷却用空气 cooling air风扇导流叶片 stator vane强制风冷 forced-air cooling自然风冷 natural air cooling风道 air ducting润滑系 lubrication system润滑 lubrication气缸上部润滑 upper cylinder lubrication 压力润滑 pressure-feed lubrication压力润滑法 forced lubrication自动润滑 automatic lubrication飞溅润滑 splash lubrication润滑周期 lubrication interval边界润滑 borderline lubrication曲轴箱机油油盘 crankcase oil pan油底壳 oil pan机油盘放油塞 sump plug集油器 oil collector机油泵 oil pump计量式机油泵 metering oil pump齿轮式机油泵 gear type oil pump转子式机油泵 rotor-type oil pump机油泵出油管 oil pump outlet pipe放油口 oil drain hole油道 oil duct断油开关 cut-off cock机油散热器 oil cooler机油滤清器 oil filter机油粗滤器 primary oil filter机油精滤器 secondary oil filter全流式机油滤清器 full-flow oil filter分流式机油滤清器 by-pass oil filter离心式机油滤清器 centrifugal oil filter 整体式滤芯 integral filtering element细滤器滤芯 filter element滤清器壳 filter box滤片filtering disc机油减压器 oil pressure relief valve旁通阀 by-pass oil filter机油滤网 oil strainer加机油孔 oil filter cap滤芯轴 filter shaft刮片组件 cleaning edge机油量尺 dipstick机油滤网 oil strainer增压器 supercharger增压和扫气装置 pressure-charging and scavenging unit增压装置 supercharging device涡轮增压器 turbo-charger气波增压器 comprex pressure wave supercharger增压器阻风阀 supercharger blast gate增压器调节容气量的旁通阀 supercharger control bypass增压器叶轮 supercharger impeller惯性增压 inertia supercharging机械增压 mechanical supercharging涡轮增压 turbo-charging增压比 supercharge ratio增压压力 boost pressure增压中冷 inter-cooling中冷度 inter-cooling level增压度 supercharging level喘振 surge喘振线 surge line轴流式涡轮 axial-flow turbine脉冲进气 ram charging发动机试验 engine test发动机试验规程 engine test procedure发动机技术要求 engine technical requirements标准大气状况 standard atmospheric conditions大气压力 atmospheric pressure进气温度 inlet air temperature进气温度 inlet air temperature功率校正 power correction功率标定 power rating功率换算 power conversion校正系数 correction factor换算系数 performance test 性能试验 performance test起动性能试验 starting ability test怠速试验 idle running test道路负荷试验 road load test各缸工作均匀性试验 cylinder variation test背压试验 back pressure test最低稳定工作转速试验 lowest continuous speed test with load背部泄漏试验 back-leakage test调整试验 adjustment test热平衡试验 heat balance test快速磨损试验 accelerated wear test热冲击试验 thermo-shock test空载特性试验 no-load characteristictest模拟增压试验 simulated supercharging test停缸试验 cylinder fuel-cut test增压机匹配试验turbo-charger matching test排气分析试验 exhaust analysis test突变负荷试验 sudden load change test 稳定性试验 stability test单缸熄火试验 one cylinder shut off test 例行检查试验 routine inspection test验证试验 verification test鉴定试验 approval test可靠性试验 reliability test耐久性试验 durability test定型试验 type approval test验收试验 acceptance test现场试验 field test出厂试验 delivery test抽查试验 spot check test复查试验 re-check test台架试验 bench test强化试验 hop-up test发动机试验台 engine test bed底盘测功机 chassis dynamometer测功机 dynamometer水力测功机 hydraulic dynamometer电涡流测功机 eddy current dynamometer 电力测功机 electric dynamometer扭矩仪 torque meter转速表 tachometer温度测量 thermometry温度测量仪器 thermometric instruments 空气流量测量 air flow measurement热线风速仪 hot wire anemometer电子示功仪 electronic indicator燃烧分析仪 combustion analyzer压力传感器 pressure transducer精密声级计 precision sound level meter 排放 emission排放物 emission排气污染物 gaseous pollutant蒸发排放物 evaporative emission曲轴箱排放物 crankcase emission漏气 blowby gas氨氧化物 oxids of nitrogen一气化碳 carbon monoxide碳氢化合物 hydrocarbon甲烷 methane无甲烷碳氢化合物non-methane hydrocarbons光化学活性碳氢化合物 photochemically reactive hydrocarbons微粒物 particulated matter黑烟 black smoke蓝烟 blue smoke白烟 white smoke碳烟 soot光化学烟雾smog臭味 odor丙烷 propane排放浓度 concentration of emission排气烟度 exhaust smoke先期排气 initial exhaust亚临界排气 subcritical exhaust超临界排气 supercritical exhaust强制排气 forced exhaust自由排气 free exhaust排气提前角 exhaust advance angle排气迟后角 exhaust lag angle排气热损失 exhaust heat loss排气净化 exhaust purification排气背压 exhaust back pressure残余废气 residual gas排气有害成分 poisonous exhaust composition柴油机排烟 diesel smoke综合排放浓度 composite concentration of exhaust emission 综合排放质量 composite mass of exhaust emission排放系数 emission factor排放率emission index质量排放量 mass emission比排放量 brake specific emission排放物控制系统 emission control system 排气排放物控制系统 exhaust emission control system二次空气 secondary air二次空气分配歧管 secondary air distribution二次空气控制阀 secondary air control valve二次空气转换阀 secondary air switching valve二次空气转流阀 secondary air diverter valve二次空气喷射装置 secondary airinjection system二次空气喷射管 secondary air injection tube二次空气喷射减速压阀 secondary air injection relief valve脉动空气装置 pulsating air system二次空气泵 secondary air pump曲轴箱排放物控制系统 crankcase emission control system曲轴箱双通风系统 crankcase closed system曲轴箱单通风系统 crankcase sealed system曲轴箱强制通风装置 positive crankcase ventilationPCV阀 PCV valve蒸发排放物控制系统 evaporative emission control system活性碳罐贮存装置 charcoal canister storage system活性碳罐 charcoal canister曲轴箱贮存装置 crankcase storage system 空气滤清器贮存装置 air filter storage system燃油箱止回阀 fuel tank check valve油气分离器 fuel and vapor separator清除阀 furge valve催化转化系统 catalytic convertingsystem催化燃烧分析仪 catalytic combustionanalyzer催化剂 catalyst转化器 converter催化转化器 catalytic converter轴流式转化器 AXIAL FLOW TYPE CONVERTER 径流式转化器 RADIAL FLOW TYPE CONVERTER 下流式转化器 down flow type converter上流式转化器 up flow type converter双床式转化器 dual bed converter单床式转化器 single bed converter氧化型催化剂 oxidation catalyst还原型催化剂 reduction catalyst三元催化剂 three-way catalyst贵金属催化剂 noble metal catalyst普通金属催化剂 base metal catalyst稀土催化剂 rare earth catalyst催化剂耗损 catalyst attrition催化剂收缩 catalyst shrinkage催化剂中毒 catalyst poisoning比表面积 specific surface area空速 space velocity载体涂料 washcoat双重催化系统 dual -catalyst system催化箱 catalyst container载体 substrate整体式载体 monolithic substrate颗粒式载体 pelleted substrate转化效率 conversion efficiency熄灯温度 light-off temperature热态反应系统 thermal reacting system热反应器 thermal reactor反应式歧管 reactive manifold过热保护装置 over heating protectionsystem过热警报装置 over heating warningsystem排气口衬套 exhaust port liner后燃器 after burner排气再循环系 EGR system排气再循环 exhaust gas recirculation节气门前EGR系统 above throttle valveEGR system节气门后EGR 系统 below throttle valveEGR system 空气比例式EGR系统 air proportional EGR system负荷比例式EGR系统 load proportional EGR system孔口真空控制式EGR 系统 ported vacuum controlled EGR system喉管真空控制式EGR系统 venturi vacuum controlled EGR system排气压力控制式EGR系统 exhaust pressure controlled EGR system声速控制式EGR系统 sonic controlled EGR system电子控制式EGR系统 electroniccontrolled EGR system EGR冷却器 EGR cooler EGR过滤器 GER filter EGR控制阀 EGR control valve EGR调压阀 EGR pressure regulator再循环排气 EGR gas再循环排气率 EGR rate点火和喷油时刻控制系统 ignition and injection timing control system点火时刻控制系统 ignition timingcontrol system减速点火提前控制装置 deceleration spark advance control推迟喷油时刻控制系统 retarded injection timing control system转速控制的推迟喷油时刻 retarded injection timing with speed负荷控制的推迟喷油时刻 retarded injection timing with load燃油控制系统 fuel control system反馈控制 feedback control空燃比反馈控制系统 air-fuel ratiofeedback control system理论配比 stoichiometric高效带 window氧传感器 oxygen sensor稀混合气 lean mixture浓混合气 rich mixture分层充气 stratified charge温度补偿 temperature compensating海拔补偿 altitude compensating气压补偿 atmospheric pressure compensating电子控制化油器 electronic controlled carburetor电子燃油喷射系统 electronic fuel injection system怠速限制器 idle limiter阻风门开启器 choke opener减速控制装置 deceleration control system补气阀 gulp valve节气门定位器 throttle positioner节气门缓冲器 throttle dash pot节气门开启器 throttle opener强制怠速加浓装置 coasting richer发动机电子集中控制系统 electronic concentrated engine control system温度传感器 temperature sensor压力传感器 pressure sensor位置传感器 position sensor转速传感器 speed sensor爆震传感器 knock sensor进气流量传感器 intake flow sensor温度开关 temperature switch节气门位置开关 throttle position switch 其他控制装置 other control systems除水系统 water removal system喷水装置 water injection system调温式空气滤清器 temperature controlled (modulated )air cleaner微粒物捕集装置 particulate trap system 捕集装置氧化器 trap oxidizer一氧化碳容积百分率 carbon monoxide percent by volume一氧化碳分析仪 co analyzer湿度 moisture量距和零点 span and zero补偿 compensation标定气体 calibration gas样气处理系统 sample handling system 凝水分离器 condensate trap密封垫 gasket玷污 contaminate防漏 leakproof稀释 dilution算术平均值 arithmetic average精度 accuracy全量程 full scale漂移 drift 预热时间 warm-up time抗腐蚀性 corrosion -resistance流量计 flowmeter热交换器 heat exchanger不透气收集袋 gas-tight collection bag分析测定方法和仪器 analysis measuring method and instrument不分光红外线分析法 nondispersive infrared不分光紫外线分析法 nondispersive ultraviolet氢火焰离子化检测器 flame ionization ditector总碳氢化合物分析仪 total hydrocarbon analyzer气相色谱仪 gas chromatograph化学发光检测器 chemiluminescent detector臭氧发生器 ozonator底盘测功机 chassis dynamometer惯性模拟系统 inertia simulation system功率吸收装置 device for powerabsorption转鼓 roller空气阻力 aerodynamic resistance滚动阻力 rolling resistance当量惯量 equivalent inertia滤纸式测试仪 filter-type measuring apparatus转速表 tachometer成套分析设备 analytical train组合气室 stacked cell参比室 reference cell滤光室 filter cell干扰滤光器 interferential filter加热式氢火焰离子化检测器heated flame ionization detector氮氧化合物转化器 Nox converter(No2-NO) 反应室 reactive cell (chamber)催化燃烧分析仪 catalytic combustion analyzer碳氢化合物响应度 hydrocarbon response 碳数当量 carbon equivalent百万分率碳 parts per million carbon (ppmC)氧干扰 oxygen interference氧校正 oxygen correction。
发动机专业英语(柴油机和汽油机)
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE（内燃机）1 principle of operation （工作原理or操作原理）1.1 Engine and power（发动机和功率）Engine is used to produce power. The chemical energy in fuel is converted to heat by the burning of the fuel at a controlled rate. This process is called combustion. If engine combustion occurs with the power chamber, the engine is called internal combustion engine. If combustion takes place outside the cylinder, the engine is called an external combustion engine.Engine used in automobiles are internal combustion heat engines. Heat energy released in the combustion chamber raises the temperature of the combustion gases with the chamber. The increase in gas temperature causes the pressure of the gases to increase. The pressure developed within the combustion chamber is applied to the head of a piston to produce a usable mechanical force, which is then converted into useful mechanical power.1.2 Engine Terms （发动机术语）Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn. The power stroke “uses up”the gas, so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture:this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves; an inlet valve allows the new mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job.Engine terms are:TDC(Top Dead Center): the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft.BDC(Bottom Dead Center): the position of the crank and piston when the piston is nearest to the crankshaft.Stroke: the distance between BDC and TDC; stroke is controlled by the crankshaft. Bore: the internal diameter of the cylinder.Swept volume: the volume between TDC and BDC.Engine capacity: this is the swept volume of all the cylinders, e.g. a four-stroke having a capacity of two liters(2000cm) has a cylinder swept volume of 50cm. Clearance volume: the volume of the space above the piston when it is at TDC. Compression ratio = (swept vol + clearance vol)/(clearance vol)Two-stroke: a power stroke every revolution of the crank.Four-stroke: a power stroke every other revolution of the crank..1.3 The Four-stroke Spark-ignition Engine Cycle（四冲程火花塞点火发动机循环）The spark-ignition engine is an internal-combustion engine with externally supplied in ignition, which converts the energy contained in the fuel to kineticenergy.(动能)The cycle of operations is spread over four piston strokes. To complete the full cycle it takes two revolutions of the crankshaft.The operating strokes are:Intake strokeThis stroke introduces a mixture of atomized gasoline and air into the cylinder. The stroke starts when the piston moves downward from a position near the top of the cylinder. As the piston moves downward, a vacuum, or low-pressure area, is created. During the intake stroke, one of the ports is opened by moving the inlet valve. The exhaust valve remains tightly closed.Compression strokeAs the piston moves upward to compress the fuel mixture trapped in the cylinder,the valves are closed tightly. This compression action heats the air/fuel mixture slightly and confines it within a small area called the combustion chamber.Power strokeJust before the piston reaches the top of its compression stroke, an electrical spark is introduced from a spark plug screwed into the cylinder head.The spark ignites the compressed, heated mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber to cause rapid burning. The burning fuel produces intense heat that causes rapid expansion of the gases compressed within the cylinder. This pressure forces the piston downward. The downward stroke turns the crankshaft with great force. Exhaust strokeJust before the bottom of the power stroke, the exhaust valve opens. This allows the piston, as it moves upward, to push the hot, burned gases out through the open exhaust valve.Then, just before the piston reaches its highest point, the exhaust valve closes and the inlet valve opens. As the piston reaches the highest point in the cylinder, known as TDC, it starts back down again. Thus, one cycle ends and another begins immediately.1.4 Engine Overall Mechanics（发动机总体机构）The engine has hundreds of other parts. The major parts of engine are engine block, engine heads, pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft and valves. The other parts are joined to make systems. These systems are the fuel system, intake system, ignition system, cooling system, lubrication system and exhaust system. Each of these systems has a definite function. These systems will discussed in detail later.New WordsPiston 活塞Connecting rod 连杆Crankshaft 曲轴Power stoke 活塞行程Expel 排出Valve 气阀inlet(intake) valve 进气阀exhaust valve 排气阀TDC 上止点BDC 下止点Bore 缸径swept volume 有效容积engine capacity 发动机排量clearance volume 余隙容积,燃烧室容积compression ratio 压缩比revolution 旋转,转数every other 每隔一个spread over 分布,遍及intake stroke 进气行程compression stroke 压缩行程knock 敲缸,敲打exhaust stroke 排气行程engine block 发动机缸体lubrication 润滑2 Engine Block and Cylinder Head（发动机机体和气缸盖）2.1 Engine Block（发动机机体）The engine block is the basic frame of the engine. All other engine parts either fit inside it or fasten to it. It holds the cylinders, water jackets, and oil galleries. The engine block also holds the crankshaft, which fastens to the bottom of the block. The camshaft also fits inside the block, except on overhead-cam engines (OHC). In most cars, this block is made of gray iron, or an alloy (mixture) of gray iron and other metals, such as nickel or chromium. Engine blocks are castings.Some engine blocks, especially those in smaller cars, are made of cast aluminum. This metal is much lighter than iron. However, iron wears better than aluminum. Therefore, the cylinders in most aluminum engines are lined with iron or steel sleeves. These sleeves are called cylinder sleeves. Some engine blocks are made entirely of aluminum.2.2 Cylinder Head（气缸盖）The cylinder head fastens to the top of the block, just as a roof fits over a house. The underside forms the combustion chamber with the top of the piston. The most common cylinder head types are the hemi, wedge, and semi-hemi. All three of these terms refer to the shape of the engine's combustion chamber. The cylinder head carries the valves, valve springs and the rockers on the rocker shaft, this part of the valve gear being worked by the push-rods. Sometimes the camshaft is fitted directly into the cylinder head and operates on the valves without rockers. This is called an overhead camshaft arrangement. Like the cylinder block, the head is made from either cast iron or aluminum alloy.2.3 Gasket（垫圈）The cylinder head is attached to the block with high-tensile steel studs. The joint between the block and the head must be gas-tight so that none of the burning mixture can escape. This is achieved by using cylinder head gasket. This is a sandwich gasket, i.e. a sheet of asbestos （[ æs'bestəs ]石棉）between two sheets of copper, both these materials being able to withstand the high temperature and pressures within the engine.2.4 Oil Pan or Sump（油底壳）The oil pan is usually formed of pressed steel. The oil pan and the lower part of the cylinder block together are called the crankcase; they enclose, or encase, the crankshaft. The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus, there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine.New Wordsengine block 缸体cylinder head 气缸盖fasten 使固定water jacket 水套oil gallery 油道camshaft 凸轮轴overhead-cam(OHC) 顶置凸轮gray iron 灰铸铁alloy 合金nickel 镍chromium 铬casting 铸件head cover 汽缸盖罩intake manifold 进气总管distributor 分电器oil pan 油底壳aluminum 铝be lined with 镶有cylinder sleeve 气缸套hemi 半球形wedge 楔型，楔入semi-hemi 准半球形rocker 摇臂push-rod 推杆gasket 衬垫high-tensile 高强度的stud 螺栓gas-tight 密封的asbestos 石棉crankcase 曲轴箱，曲柄箱encase 封闭，把…包起来drain off 排出，流出Review Question1.What do TDC, BDC, stroke, compression ratio and engine capacity stand for?2.How do you calculate swept volume and compression ratio?3.What controls the length of the stroke?4.List the main parts of the engine overall mechanics?5.What are the main function of the engine block?3 Piston Connecting Rod and Crankshaft（活塞连杆和曲轴）3.1 Piston Assembly （活塞总称）The piston is an important part of a four-stroke cycle engine. Most pistons are made from cast aluminum. The piston, through the connecting rod, transfers to the crankshaft the force create by the burning fuel mixture. This force turns the crankshaft.Thin, circular, steel bands fit into grooves around the piston to seal the bottom of the combustion chamber. These bands are called piston rings. The grooves into which they fit are called ring grooves. A piston pin fits into a round hole in the piston. The piston pin joins the piston to the connecting rod. The thick part of the piston that holds the piston is the pin boss.The piston itself, its rings and the piston pin are together called the piston assembly.3.2 Piston（活塞）To withstand the heat of the combustion chamber, the piston must be strong. It also must be light, since it travels at high speeds as it moves up and down inside the cylinder. The piston is hollow. It is thick at the top where it take the brunt of the heat and the expansion force. It is thin at the bottom, where there is less heat. The top part of the piston is the head, or crown. The thin part is the skirt The sections between the ring grooves are called ring lands.The piston crown may be flat, concave,dome or recessed. In diesel engine, the combustion chamber may be formed totally or in part in the piston crown, depending on the method of injection. So they use pistons with different shapes.3.3 Piston Rings（活塞环）As Fig.1-9 shows, piston rings fit into ring grooves near the of the piston. In simplest terms, piston rings are thin, circular pieces of metal that fit into grooves in the tops of the pistons.In modern engines, each piston has three rings. (Piston in older engines sometimes had four rings, or even five.) The ring’s outside surface presses against the cylinder walls. Rings provide the needed seal between the piston and the cylinder walls. That is, only the rings contact the cylinder walls. The top two rings are to keep the gases in the cylinder and are called compression rings. The lower one prevents the oil splashed onto the cylinder bore from entering the combustion chamber, and is called an oil ring.Chrome-face cast-iron compression rings are commonly used in automobile engines. The chrome face provide a very smooth, wear-resistant surface.During the power stoke, combustion pressure on the combustion rings is very high. It causes them to untwist. Some of the high-pressure gas gets in back of the rings. This force the ring face into full contact with the cylinder wall. The combustion pressure also holds the bottom of the ring tightly against the bottom of the ring groove. Therefore, high combustion pressure causes a tighter seal between the ring face and the cylinder wall.3.4 Piston Pin （活塞销）The piston pin holds together the piston and the connecting rod. This pin fits into the piston pin holes and into a hole in the top end of the connecting rod. The top end of is much smaller than the end that fits on the crankshaft. This small end fits inside the bottom of the piston. The piston pin fits through one side of the piston, through the small end of the rod, and then through the other side of the piston. It holds the rod firmly in place in the center of the piston. Pins are made of high-strengh steel and have a hollow center. Many pins are chrome-plated to help them wear better.3.5 Connecting rod （连杆）The connecting rod is made of forgedhigh-strength steel. It transmits and motion from the piston to the crankpin on the crankshaft. The connecting rod little end is connected to the piston pin. A bush madefrom a soft metal, such as bronze, is used for this joint. The lower end of the connecting rod fits the crankshaft journal. This is called the big end. For this big-end bearing, steel-backed lead or tin shell bearing are used. These are the same as those used for the main bearings. The split of the big end is sometimes at an angle, so that it is small enough to be withdrawn through the cylinder bore. The connecting rod is made from forged alloy steel.3.6 Crankshaft（曲轴）The crankshaft, in conjunction with the connecting rod, coverts the reciprocating motion of the piston to the rotary motion needed to drive the vehicle. It is usually made from carbon steel which is alloyed with a small proportion of nickel.The main bearing journals fit into the cylinder block and the big end journals align with the connecting rods. At the rear end of the crankshaft is attached the flywheel, and at the front end are the driving whells for the timing gears, fan, cooling water and alternator.The throw of the crankshaft, the distance between the main journal and the big end centers, controls the length of the stroke. The stroke is double the throw, and the stroke-length is the distance that the piston travels from TDC to BDC and vice versa.3.7 Flywheel （飞轮）The flywheel is the made from carbon steel. It fit s onto the rear of the crankshaft. As well as keeping the engine rotating between power strokes it also carries the clutch, which transmits the drive to the transmission, and has the starter ring gear around its circumference. There is only one working stroke in four so a flywheel is needed to drive the crankshaft during the time that the engine is performing the non-power strokes.New Words Comprise 由。
汽车专业英语用词
汽车专业英语词组Internal combustion engine 内燃机Reciprocating engine 往复式发动机Rotary engine/Wankel engine 转子发动机/汪克尔发动机Spark ignition engine 火花点火式发动机Compression ignition engine 压燃点火式发动机Alternative engine 代用燃料发动机Water-cooled/liquid-cooled engine/air-cooled 水冷式发动机/液冷式发动机/风冷式发动机Front wheel/rear wheel 前轮/后轮Diesel engine 柴油发动机Heavy vehicle 重型车Family sedan 私家车Four-stroke cycle 四冲程循环Exhaust emissions 废气排放Combustion chamber 燃烧室Ignition system 点火系Connecting rod 连杆Fuel consumption 燃料消耗Air pollution 空气污染Alternative-fuel vehicle 代用燃料汽车Dual-fuel vehicle 双燃料汽车Advanced-technology vehicle 高科技汽车Power train 动力传动系Drive train system 传动系Fuel economy 燃油经济性Gas station 加油站Hybrid-electric vehicle 混合动力电动车Electric motor 电动机Battery pack 蓄电池组Fuel 燃料Cylinder 气缸Gasoline 汽油Piston 活塞Exhaust 废气Vibration 震动Unleaded 无铅的Ethanol/methanol乙醇/甲醇Cruising speed 巡航速度Intake/Compression/power/exhaust stroke 进气、压缩、做功、排气冲程Configuration 构造配置结构Rigidity 硬度Installation 安装，装置Smoothness 平滑，光滑Multi-cylinder engine 多缸发动机In-line engine/ V-type engine直列式发动机/ V型发动机Flat engine 顶置式发动机Balancer shaft 平衡轴End-to-end 衔接的，两端连接的Compression ratio 压缩比Torsional vibration 扭转振动Manufacturing cost 制造成本Intake valve/exhaust valve 进气阀/排气阀Air-fuel mixture 空气燃油混合气Spark plug 火花塞Burned gas 废气Auxiliary 辅助的，补助的Primarily 主要地Recharge 再充电Generator 发电机，发生器Storage 储藏器Density 密度，比重Regenerative braking 再生制动Plug in 插上电源Energy density 能量密度Propulsion power 推动力Stopping power 制动力Crossflow cylinder head 横流式气缸盖Intake passage/exhaust passage 进气道/排气道Exhaust manifold 排气支管Racing engine 赛车用发动机Valvetrain配气机构Valve spring 气门弹簧Rocker arm 摇臂Valve lifer 挺柱Steel alloy 合金钢Intake port/exhaust port 进气口/出气口At high engine speed 发动机高速运转时Snap back 弹回Valve face 气门锥面Valve seat 气门座Timing chain 正时链条Timing belt 正时带At regular interval 在规定时间Double overhead camshaft（DOHC）顶置式双凸轮轴Single overhead camshaft（SOHC）顶置式单凸轮轴Overhead valve（OHV）顶置气门Pushrod engine 推杆式发动机Honda 本田汽车Porsche 保时捷Mitsubishi 三菱Toyota 丰田Lexus 雷克萨斯Nissan日产BMW宝马Ford 福特Lamborghini 兰博基尼Ferrari 法拉利Variable valve timing 可变气门相位Cam profile 凸轮轮廓VTEC（variable valve timing and lift electronic control）可变气门相位和升程电子控制装置ECU（electronic control unit）电子控制装置Variocam/variocam plus 多变凸轮轴MIVEC（mitusubishi innovative valve timing and lift electronic control）三菱新气门相位和升程电子控制装置VVT-I（variable valve timing with intelligence）智能可变气门相位VVTL-I（variable valve timing and lift with intelligence）智能可变气门相位和升程电子控制装置VVL（variable valve lift）可变气门升程VANOS(variable nockenwellen steuerung)可变凸轮轴控制Ignition system 点火系统Low-voltage direct current 低压直流High-voltage pulse 高压脉冲The primary circuit 一次电路Low-voltage circuit 低压回路Secondary circuit 二次回路High—voltage circuit 高压电路Ignition switch 点火开关Resistance wire 电阻线Coil primary winding 点火线圈一次绕组。
内燃机专业英语
发动机engine内燃机internal-combustion engine动力机装置power unit汽油机gasoline engine汽油喷射式汽油机gasoline-injection engine火花点火式发动机spark ignition engine压燃式发动机compression ignition engine往复式内燃机reciprocating internal combustion engine 化油器式发动机carburetor engine柴油机diesel engine转子发动机rotary engine旋轮线转子发动机rotary trochoidal engine二冲程发动机two-stroke engine四冲程发动机four-stroke engine直接喷射式柴油机direct injection engine间接喷射式柴油机indirect injection engine增压式发动机supercharged engine风冷式发动机air-cooled engine油冷式发动机oil-cooled engine水冷式发动机water-cooled engine自然进气式发动机naturally aspirated engine煤气机gas engine液化石油气发动机liquified petroleum gas engine 柴油煤气机diesel gas engine多种燃料发动机multifuel engine石油发动机hydrocarbon engine双燃料发动机duel fuel engine热球式发动机hot bulb engine多气缸发动机multiple cylinder engine对置活塞发动机opposed piston engine对置气缸式发动机opposed-cylinder engine十字头型发动机cross head engine直列式发动机in-line engine星型发动机radial engine筒状活塞发动机trunk-piston engine斯特林发动机stirling engine套阀式发动机knight engine气孔扫气式发动机port-scavenged engine倾斜式发动机slant engine前置式发动机front-engine后置式发动机rear-engine中置式发动机central engine左侧发动机left-hand engine右侧发动机right-hand engine短冲程发动机oversquare engine长冲程发动机undersquare engine等径程发动机square engine顶置凸轮轴发动机overhead camshaft engine双顶置凸轮轴发动机dual overhead camshaft engine 形发动机V-engine顶置气门发动机valve in-head engine侧置气门发动机side valve engine无气门发动机valveless engine多气门发动机multi-valve engine卧式发动机horizontal engine斜置式发动机inclined engine立式发动机vertical engineW形发动机w-engineI形发动机I-engineL形发动机L-engineF形发动机F-engine性能performance二冲程循环two-stroke cycle四冲程循环four-stroke cycle狄塞尔循环diesel cycle奥托循环otto cycle混合循环mixed cycle定容循环constant volume cycle工作循环working cycle等压循环constant pressure cycle理想循环ideal cycle热力循环thermodynamic cycle冲程stroke活塞行程piston stroke长行程long stroke上行程up stroke下行程down stroke进气行程intake stroke充气行程charging stroke压缩行程compression stroke爆炸行程explosion stroke膨胀行程expansion stroke动力行程power stroke排气行程exhaust stroke膨胀换气行程expansion-exchange stroke 换气压缩行程exchange-compression stroke止点dead center上止点top dead center(upper dead center)下止点lower dead center(bottom dead center) 上止点前budc(before upper dead center)上止点后atdc(after top dead cetner)下止点前bbdc(before bottom dead center)下止点后abdc(after bottom dead center)缸径cylinder bore缸径与行程bore and stroke空气室energy chamber气缸余隙容积cylinder clearance volume燃烧室容积combustion chamber volume气缸最大容积maximum cylinder volume压缩室compression chamber排气量displacement发动机排量engine displacement活塞排量piston swept volume气缸容量cylinder capacity单室容量single-chamber capacity容积法volumetry压缩比compression ratio临界压缩比critical compression ratio膨胀比expansion ratio面容比surface to volume ratio行程缸径比stroke-bore ratio混合比mixture ratio压缩压力compression pressure制动平均有效压力brake mean effective pressure(bmep)空燃比air fuel ratio燃空比fuel air ratio燃料当量比fuel equivalence ratio扭矩torque单缸功率power per cylinder升功率power per liter升扭矩torque per liter升质量mass per liter减额功率derating power输出马力shaft horsepower马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour总马力gross horse power总功率gross power净功率net power燃油消耗量fuel consumption比燃料消耗率specific fuel consumption空气消耗率air consumption机油消耗量oil consumption有效马力net horse power额定马力rated horse power马力重量系数horsepower-weight factor制动功率brake horse power制动热效率brake thermal efficiency总效率overall efficiency排烟极限功率smoke limiting horsepower功率曲线power curve机械损失mechanical loss机械效率mechanical efficiency有效热效率effective thermal efficiency充气系数volumetric efficiency过量空气系数coefficient of excess air适应性系数adaptive coefficient扭矩适应性系数coefficient of torque adaptibility 转速适应性系数speed adaptive coefficient强化系数coefficient of intensification校正系数correction factor换算系数conversion factor活塞平均速度mean piston speed发动机转速engine speed (rotational frequency)怠速转速idling speed经济转速economic speed起动转速starting speed最低稳定工作转速lowest continuous speed with load 最大扭矩转速speed at maximum torque最高空转转速maximum no load governed speed 调速speed governing超速overspeed怠速tidling转速波动率speed fluctuation rate工况working condition(operating mode)额定工况declared working condition变工况variable working condition稳定工况steady working condition.空载no-load全负荷full load超负荷overload部分负荷part load充量（进气）charge旋转方向direction of rotation顺时针clockwise逆时针counter-clockwise左转left-hand rotation右转right-hand rotation外径major diameter中径pitch diameter内径minor diameter径向间隙radial clearance发动机性能engine performance加载性能loading performance起动性能starting performance加速性能acceleration performance动力性能power performance排放性能pemission performance空转特性no load characteristics负荷特性part throttle characteristics调速特性governor control characteristics万有特性mapping characteristics稳定调速率steady state speed governing rate 气缸体和气缸盖cylinder block and head气缸体cylinder block整体铸造cast inblock (cast enblock)发动机罩engine bonnet气缸体加强筋engine block stiffening rib 气缸cylinder（转子机）缸体stator缸径cylinder bore气缸体机架cylinder block frame气缸盖cylinder head配气机构箱valve mechanism casing气缸体隔片cylinder spacer气缸盖密封环cylinder head ring gasket 气缸盖垫片cylinder head gasket气缸套cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve) 干式缸套dry cylinder liner湿式缸套wet cylinder liner气缸水套water jacket膨胀塞expansion plug防冻塞freeze plug气缸壁cylinder wall环脊ring ridge排气口exhaust port中间隔板intermediate bottum导板guideway创成半径（转子机）generating radius缸体宽度（转子机）operating width机柱column燃烧室combustion chamber主燃烧室main combustion chamber副燃烧室subsidiary combustion chamber预燃室prechamber涡流燃烧室swirl combustion chamber分开式燃烧室divided combustion chamber涡流式燃烧室turbulence combustion chamber半球形燃烧室hemispherical combustion chamber浴盆形燃烧室bathtub section combustion chamberL形燃烧室L-combustion chamber楔形燃烧室wedge-section combustion chamber开式燃烧室open combustion chamber封闭喷射室closed spray chamber活塞顶内燃烧室piston chamber爆发室explosion chamber燃烧室容积比volume ratio of combustion cahmber燃烧室口径比surface-volume ratio of combustion chamber 通道面积比area ratio of combustion chamber passage曲轴箱通气口crankcase breather凸轮轴轴承座camshaft bearing bush seat定时齿轮室罩camshaft drive(gear)cover曲轴箱检查孔盖crankcase door曲轴箱防爆门crankcase explosion proof door主轴承盖main bearing cap气缸盖罩valve mechanism cover飞轮壳flywheel cover扫气储器scavenging air receiver活塞piston裙部开槽活塞split skirt pistonU形槽活塞U-slot piston滚花修复活塞knurled piston圆顶活塞dome head piston平顶活塞flat head piston凸顶活塞crown head piston(convex head piston)凹顶活塞concave head piston阶梯顶活塞step-head piston筒形活塞trunk piston椭圆形活塞oval piston抗热变形活塞autothermic piston不变间隙活塞constant clearance piston镶因瓦钢片活塞) invar strut piston直接冷却式活塞direct-cooled piston 间接冷却式活塞indirect cooled piston 滑裙活塞slipper piston活塞速度piston speed活塞顶部piston head活塞裙部piston skirt整体活塞裙solid skirt活塞裙扩大衬簧piston skirt expander 滑履式活塞裙slipper skirt隔热槽heat dam活塞标记piston mark活塞销piston pin活塞销孔piston pin boss活塞销衬套piston pin bushing全浮式活塞销full-floating piston pin 半浮式活塞销semifloating piston pin 固定螺钉式活塞销set screw piston pin 活塞环piston ring组合式活塞环compound piston ring 同心活塞环concentric piston ring偏心活塞环eccentric piston ring自由环free ring闭合环closed ring梯形环keystone ring半梯形环half keystone ring矩形环rectangular ring油环oil control ring开槽油环slotted oil control ring螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环coil spring loaded slotted oil control rin g涨环expander双坡口油环double bevelled oil control ring内上坡口internal bevel top内下坡口internal bevel bottom边缘坡口油环bevelled-ege oil control ring刮油环scrapper ring钩形环napier ring镀铬活塞环chrome plated piston ring活塞衬环piston ring expander活塞环槽piston ring groove活塞环区ring zone活塞环岸piston ring land活塞环内表面back of ring曲柄连杆机构connecting rod中心曲柄连杆机构central-located connecting rod 偏心曲柄连杆机构offset connecting rod铰接曲柄边杆机构hinged connecting rod 连杆connecting rod连杆小头connecting rod small end连杆大头connnecting rod big end连杆杆身connecting rod shank副连杆slave connecting rod叉形连杆fork-and-blade connecting rod主连杆main connecting rod方形连杆boxed rod绞链式连杆hinged type connecting rod活节式连杆articulated connecting rod连杆盖connecting rod cap连杆轴承connecting rod bearing曲轴crankshaft整体式曲轴one-piece crankshaft组合式曲轴assembled crankshaft右侧曲轴right-hand crankshaft左侧曲轴left-hand crankshaft改变行程的曲轴stroked crankshaft曲轴主轴颈crankshaft main journal轴颈重叠度shaft journal overlap圆角fillet主轴承main bearing曲轴止推轴承crankshaft thrust bearing. 薄臂轴瓦thin wall bearing shell曲轴油道crankshaft oil passage曲柄crank曲柄臂crank arm曲柄销crank pin轴套bush曲柄转角crank angle曲柄半径crank radius抛油圈oil slander角度轮degree wheel动平衡机dynamic balancer平衡重balancer weigh扭振减振器torshional vibration damper 扭振平衡器torsion balancer谐振平衡器harmonic balancer振动平衡器vibration balancer转子轴颈rotor journal偏心轴eccentric shaft曲轴箱crankcase闭式曲轴箱通风装置closed-crankcase ventilating system 飞轮flywheel飞轮齿圈flywheel ring gear飞轮芯棒cantilever飞轮芯轴flywheel spindle飞轮的惯量矩flywheel moment of inertia飞轮标记flywheel mark当量系统equivalent system当量轴长equivalent shaft length一级往复惯性力reciprocating inertia force,1st order二级往复贯性力reciprocating inertia force, 2nd order 离心惯性力centrifugal inertia force配气机构valve gear凸轮轴camshaft凸轮cam整体式凸轮轴one-piece camshaft组合式凸轮轴assembled camshaft凸轮轴驱动机构camshaft drive赛车用凸轮轴race camshaft凸轮轴轴颈camshaft bearing journal 凸轮轴轴承camshaft bearing凸轮轴偏心轮camshaft eccentric凸轮轴链轮camshaft sprocket凸轮轴正时齿轮camshaft timing gear 凸轮轴齿轮camshaft gear wheel进口凸轮inlet cam排气凸轮outlet cam。
完整版内燃机专业英语翻译
Chapter 1 Enging types and their operation1.1 Introduction and historical perspective1．内燃机的目的是从蕴含在燃料中的化学能中得到机械动力。
The purpose of internal combustion engines is the production of mechanical power from the chemical energy contained in the fuel .2．有别于外部燃烧机器，在内燃机中，能量是在机器内部燃烧或氧化燃料释放出来的。
In internal combustion engines ,as distinct from external combustion engines, this energy is released by burning or oxidizing the fuel inside the engine.3．实际上正是由于燃烧发生在机器做功部件内部才使它们的设计和运行特征从根本上有别于其他类型的机器。
It is the fact that combustion takes places inside the work-producing part of these engines that makes their design and operating characteristics fundamentally different from those of other types of engine.4.他的专利利用将液体燃料喷入仅由压缩而加热的空气中触发燃烧使效率高出其他类型内燃机的两倍。
更高的压缩比，不存在爆震或敲缸的现象成为可能。
His concept of initiating combustion by injecting a liquid fuel into air heated solely by compression permitted a doubling of efficiency over other internal combustion engines.Much greater expansion ratios, without detonation or knock were now possible.5.Houdry 发现蒸发的油在450至480度的温度下经过活性催化剂可转化为高质量汽油，比热裂解的产出高得多。
科技英语专业术语
《科技英语教程》专业术语Unit 1 Reading A1、steam-powered car；steam car 【P1】蒸汽（动力）汽车2、steam engine【P2】蒸汽（发动）机3、internal combustion engine (ICE) 【P2】内燃机external combustion engine (ECE) 外燃机4、transmission 【P3】n.〔汽车的〕传动装置，变速器AT=automatic transmission 自动变速器MT=manual transmission手动变速器5、clutch /klʌtʃ/ 【P3】[C]〔车辆的〕离合器（踏板）6、gear /ɡɪə/ 【P3】[C,U] （汽车等的）排挡，挡位7、stroke /strəʊk/ 【P3】n.往复运动，冲程8、reverse /rɪ'vɜːs/ 【P4】[U] 倒车挡9、brake /breɪk/ 【P4】[often plural,常用复数] [C ] 刹车，制动器，车闸10、boiler【P5】n.〔蒸汽机内或室内供暖的〕锅炉11、tank /tæŋk/ 【P5】n. [C ]〔储存液体或气体的〕箱，罐12、condenser【P5】 [C] 冷凝器13、steamer 【P5】蒸锅；汽轮（船）14、owner’s manual /'mænjuəl/ [P6 ] 用户手册15、starting【P7】(引擎、汽车、机器等)；(引擎、汽车或机器等) 发动16、hand-operated crank 【P7】手动曲柄17、backfire 【P7】vi.〔汽车引擎〕逆火，回火18、electric starter 【P7】电动马达，电动发动机19、hood fittings 【P12】引擎盖配件，发动机罩配件20、feedwater pump 【P12】给水泵21、fossil fuel【P15】化石燃料〔如煤、石油等〕22、carbon monoxide【P15】一氧化碳23、nitrogen oxide【P15】氧化氮24、throttle/'θrɒt(ə)l/ 【P15】〔控制汽车发动机油量的〕节流阀，油门25、heat resistant coating 【P17】耐高温涂层26、diesel /'diːz(ə)l/ n. 柴油；柴油车；柴油船petroleum /pə'trəʊlɪəm/ [U ]石油gasoline /'gæsəliːn/ [U ]汽油27、steam power【P21】蒸汽动力Unit 3 Reading A1、artificial heart【P1】人造心脏2、miniaturized space technology 【P1】微型太空技术3、heart disease【P1】心脏病4、organ transplant【P1】器官移植5、cardiovascular medicine【P1】心血管内科；心血管医学6、cardiac surgeon 【P2】心脏外科医生7、prosthetic heart【P2】假体心脏8、biological tissue【P3】生物组织9、materials science【P3】[材] 材料科学；材料学10、design methodology【P3】设计方法学11、telecom satellite【P3】通讯卫星12、quality threshold【P4】质量阈值，质量标准13、space electronics 【P4】空间电子学14、advanced modeling【P4】高级建模15、digital simulation【P4】[计]数字模拟； [化]数字仿真16、test bench【P4】试验台；[试验] 测试台17、human implant【P5】人体植入18、tiny electronics【P6】微电子设备；微电子学19、onboard computer【P6】机载计算机；船用计算机20、sensor 【P6】 [C ]〔探测光、热、活动等的〕传感器21、solar wing【P6】太阳翼（太空站的太阳能电池板）22、high-tech sensor【P7】高科技传感器23、brushless motor【P7】无刷电动机，无刷马达24、blood pressure 【P7】血压25、synthetic materials 【P8】合成材料，人造材料，合成物26、blood clots【P8】血栓；血液凝块27、stroke [C ] 【P8】中风，卒中，脑卒中28、pericardium /,perɪ'kɑːdɪəm/ n. 【P8】[解剖] 心包；心包膜[pl ] pericardia29、immune response【P8】免疫反应30、pumping system of motors【P8】电动机泵送系统31、hydraulic fluids【P8】液压机液体32、clinical trial【P10】临床试验33、NASA=National Aeronautics and Space Administration美国航空航天局Reading 1 Unit 51、the Fountain of Youth【P1】不老泉2、anti-aging drugs【P1】抗衰老药物3、elixir /ɪ'lɪksə/ [C] 【P1】literary a magical liquid that is supposed to cure people of illness,make them younger etc 灵丹妙药；不老药4、alchemist /'ælkɪmɪst/ 【P1】n. An alchemist was a scientist in the Middle Ages who tried todiscover how to change ordinary metals into gold. 炼金术士5、longevity clinic【P1】长寿诊所6、marketed intervention【P2】[贸易] 市场干预7、building blocks【P3】建筑模块；生命控制中心8、DNA 【P3】abbr. 脱氧核糖核酸（deoxyribonucleic acid） /di:'ɔksi,raibəu'nju:kli:ik/9、carbonhydrate/ˌkɑːbəʊˈhaɪdreɪt/ n. 【P3】碳水化合物；碳化过程10、Alzheimer n /'ælz'ɛmɚ/ 【P4】老年痴呆症（等于Alzheimer’s disease）11、sanitation system【P5】卫生系统12、parasitic disease【P5】寄生虫引起的疾病13、vaccine /væk'sin/ [C,U ] 【P5】a substance which contains a weak form of the bacteria or virus that causes a disease and is used to protect people from that disease 疫苗14、antibiotics/,æntɪbaɪ'ɒtɪks/【P5】 [C usually plural 一般用复数]a drug that is used tokill bacteria and cure infections抗生素，抗菌素15、physiological decline【P6】生理衰竭16、built-in plan【P6】内置计划17、blueprint /'bluːprɪnt/ [C] 【P6】a plan for achieving something计划，设想，蓝图18、caloric intake【P10】热量摄入19、stem cell 【P11】a special type of cell in the body, that can divide in order to form other typesof cells that have particular qualities or purposes 干细胞Reading A unit 81、GPS=Global Positioning System): 全球（卫星）定位系统2、GPS receiver 【P2】GPS接收器3、handy guide【P3】实用指南4、technical ingenuity【P3】技术创新5、earth-orbiting satellite 【P4】地球轨道卫星6、military navigation system 【P4】军事导航系统7、solar-powered satellite【P5】太阳能卫星8、complete rotation【P5】周转9、trilateration /,trailætə'reiʃən/ n. 【P5】[测] 三边测量（术）10、three-dimensional space 【P5】三维空间11、radius /'reɪdɪəs/ [pl ] : radii /'reɪdɪaɪ/ 【P7】（1）the distance from the centre to the edge of acircle, or a line drawn from the centre to the edge〔圆的〕半径（长度）（2）an area that coversa particular distance in all directions from a central point半径范围；周围12、altitude /'æltɪtjuːd/ [C] 【P12】（the height of an object or place above the sea海拔（高度）13、high-frequency, low-power radio signal【P14】（高频率、低功率无线电信号14、radio wave 【P15】无线电波；射频信号15、electromagnetic energy【P15】[电磁] 电磁能 /ɪ,lektrə(ʊ)mæg'netɪk/16、digital pattern 【P16】数字模式17、pseudo-random code【P17】伪随机码18、synchronized clocks【P19】同步时钟19、satellite positioning system【P19】卫星定位系统29、atomic clock 【P19】原子钟/ə'tɒmɪk/30、quartz clock【P20】石英钟/kwɔːts/31、the pull of the moon【P23】月球引力Reading A Unit 101、biotech food 【P5】转基因食品2、genetically modified food 【P1】转基因食品3、maize n【P2】玉米；黄色，玉米色4、processed foods 【P2】加工食品5、rapeseed oil【P2】菜子油6、high-fructose [ˈfrʌkˌtoʊs] 【P2】n. [有化] 高果糖7、syrup ['sɪrəp] n. 【P2】糖浆，果汁8、canola oil【P2】菜籽油9、USDA【P3】美国农业部（United States Department of Agriculture）10、genetically engineered food【P4】转基因食品11、multinational company 【P4】跨国公司12、resistance to herbicide【P5】除草剂抗性13、allergen ['ælɚdʒən] n. 【P5】[医] 过敏原14、toxin ['tɑksɪn] n. 【P5】毒素；毒质15、antibiotic resistance【P5】[微] 抗生素抗性16、nutrient content【P5】营养成分17、drought tolerance【P5】[农学][植] 抗旱性18、FDA【P7】（美）食药监（Food and Drug Administration）19、EPA【P7】（美）环保署（Environmental Protection Agency）20、Monsanto Corporation 【P7】（美国）孟山都公司21、litmus test 【P9】[化学] 石蕊色素测试22、one-gene addition【P12】单基因添加物23、protein【P12】蛋白质24、genetic engineering【P13】基因工程; 基因工程学25、domino effect 【P15】多米诺骨牌效应Reading A Unit 121、light pollution【P1】光污染2、the Milky Way 【P1】银河3、BBC=British Broadcast Company 【P3】英国广播公司4、birds migration【P5】鸟类迁徙5、nocturnal animals 【P5】夜行动物6、breast cancer 【P5】乳腺癌7、intelligent lighting system 【P7】智能照明系统8、wireless technology 【P8】无线技术9、central management system【P8】中央管理系统10、semiconductor 【P9】半导体11、mammal 【P12】哺乳动物12、global warming 【P21】全球变暖Topics of each unit：1、What are the advantages and disadvantages of steam cars and cars with internal combustionsengines? Do you think steam cars will reappear in the near future? Why or why not?2、How can advanced space technology benefit our lives on earth in a concrete way?3、What might be a reasonable and practical anti-aging life style?4、What are the civil applications of GPS?5、What are the risks and benefits of GM foods? Do you prefer GM foods or organic foods andwhy?6、What are the possible solutions to light pollution?。
工程热力学专业英语词汇
工程热力学专业英语词汇一些工程热力学的专业英语词汇Heat pump（热泵）Heat source（热源）Heat(enthalpy) of formation（生成热（生成焓））Heat（热）Helmholtz function（亥姆霍兹函数）Hess’law（赫斯定律）Humidity（湿度）Ideal gas equation of state（理想气体状态方程）Inequality of Clausius（克劳修斯不等式）Intensive quantity（强度量）Internal combustion engine（内燃机）Internal energy（热力学能（内能））Inversion curve（转变曲线）Inversion temperature（转回温度）Irreversible cycle（不可逆循环）Irreversible process（不可逆过程）Isentropic compressibility（绝热压缩系数）Isentropic process（定熵过程）Isobaric process（定压过程）Isolated system（孤立系）Isometric process（定容过程）Isothermal compressibility（定温压缩系数）Isothermal process（定温过程）Joule,J.P.（焦耳）Joule-Thomson effect（焦耳－汤普逊效应）Kelvin, L.（开尔文）Kinetic energy（动能）Kirchhoff’s law（基尔霍夫定律）Latent heat（潜热）Law of corresponding states（对应态定律）Law of partial volume（分体积定律）Le Chatelier’s princip le（吕－查德里原理）Local velocity of sound（当地声速）Lost of available energy（有效能耗散）Mach number（马赫数）Mass flow rate（质量流量）Maximum work from chemical reaction（反应最大功）Maxwell relations（麦克斯韦关系）Mayer’s formula（迈耶公式）Mechanical equilibrium（力平衡）Mixture of gases（混合气体）Moist air（湿空气）Moisture content（含湿量）Molar specific heat（摩尔热容）Nernst heat theorem（奈斯特热定理）Nozzle（喷管）One dimensional flow（一维流动）Open system（开口系）Otto cycle（奥托循环）Parameter of state（状态参数）Perfect gas（理想气体）Perfect gas（理想气体）Perpetual-motion engine of the second kind（第二类永动机）Perpetual-motion engine（永动机）Phase（相）Polytropic process（多变过程）Potential energy（位能）Power cycle（动力循环）Pressure（压力）Principle of increase of entropy（熵增原理）Process（过程）Psychrometric chart（湿空气焓－湿图）Pure substance（纯物质）Push work（推挤功）Quality of vapor-liquid mixture, Dryness（干度）Quantity of refrigeration（制冷量）Quasi-equilibrium process（准平衡过程）Quasi-static process（准静态过程）Rankine cycle（朗肯循环）Ratio of pressure of cycle（循环增压比）Real gas（实际气体）Reduced parameter（对比参数）Refrigerant（制冷剂）Refrigeration cycle（制冷循环）Refrigerator（制冷机）Regenerative cycle（回一些工程热力学的专业英语词汇热循环）Reheated cycle（再热循环）Relative humidity（相对湿度）Reversed Carnot cycle（逆卡诺循环）Reversed cycle（逆循环）Reversible cycle（可逆循环）Reversible process（可逆过程）Saturated air（饱和空气）Saturated vapor（饱和蒸汽）Saturated water（饱和水）Saturation pressure（饱和压力）Saturation temperature（饱和温度）Second law of thermodynamics（热力学第二定律）Simple compressible system（简单可压缩系）Sink（冷源）Specific heat at constant pressure（比定压热容）Specific heat at constant volume（比定容热容）Specific heat（比热容）Specific humidity（绝对湿度）Specific volume（比体积）Stagnation enthalpy（滞止焓）Standard atmosphere（标准大气压）Standard enthalpy of formation（标准生成焓）Standard state（标准状况）State postulate（状态公理）State（状态）Statistical thermodynamics（统计热力学）Steady flow（稳定流动）Steam（水蒸气）Subsonic（亚声速）Superheated steam（过热蒸汽）Supersonic（超声速）Technical work（技术功）Temperature scale（温度标尺）Temperature（温度）Theoretical flame temperature（理想燃烧温度）Thermal coefficient（热系数）Thermal efficiency（热效率）Thermal equilibrium（热平衡）Thermodynamic Probability（热力学概率）Thermodynamic system（热力学系统）Thermodynamic temperature scale（热力学温标）Thermodynamics（热力学）Third law of thermodynamics（热力学第三定律）Throttling（节流）Triple point（三相点）Unavailable energy（无效能）Universal gas constant（通用气体常数）Vacuum（真空度）Van der Waals’equation（范德瓦尔方程）Velocity of sound（声速）Virial equation of state（维里状态方程）Wet saturated steam（湿饱和蒸汽）Wet-Bulb temperature（湿球温度）Work（功）Working substance（工质）Zeroth law of thermodynamics（热力学第零定律）。
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内燃机英语名词--------------------------------------------------------------------------------活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(一)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语1 往复活塞式内燃机Reciprocating engine2 二冲程内燃机Two-stroke engine3 四冲程内燃机Four-strokeen gine4 汽油机Gasolineengine5 顶置气门汽油机Overhead-valve engine6 侧置气门汽油机Side-valvengine7 汽油喷射式汽油机Gasoline-injection engine8 顶置凸轮轴内燃机Overhead camshaft engine9 柴油机Dieselengine10 煤气机Gas engine11 柴油煤气机Gas-Diesel engine12 多种燃料内燃机Multi-fuel engine13 低转速柴油机Low-speed Dieselengine14 中转速柴油机Medium-speed Diesel engine15 高转速柴油机High-speedDieselengine16 增压柴油机Supercharged Diesel engine17 低增压柴油机Low-supercharged Diesel engine18 中增压柴油机Medium-supercharged Dieselengine19 高增压柴油机High-supercharged Dieselengine20 超高增压柴油机Superhigh supercharged Dieselengine21 废气涡轮增压柴油机Turbocharged Diesel engine22 机械增压柴油机Mechanical pressure-charged engine23 两级增压柴油机Two stage super-charged engine24 复合式柴油机Compound Dieselengine25 十字头式柴油机Crosshead Diesel engine26 船用挂机Outboardengine27 水冷内燃机Water-coolede ngine28 风冷内燃机Air-cooled engine29 单缸内燃机Single-cylindeenrg ine30 多缸内燃机Multi cylinder engine31 卧式内燃机Horizontalengine32 立式内燃机Vertical engine33 斜置式内燃机34 直列式内燃机In-line engine35 对置气缸内燃机Opposed-cylinder-type engine36 对动活塞内燃机Opposed-pistonengine37U 形内燃机U-pistonengine38V 形内燃机V-engine39W 形内燃机W-engine40X 形内燃机X-engine41 星形内燃机Radialengine42 ▽形内燃机▽-Type engine43 工字形内燃机工-type engine44 王字形内燃机王-type engine往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(二)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语45 气缸直径Cylinderbore46 活塞行程Stroke 47 上止点Top dead centre48 下止点Bottom dead centre49 行程缸径比Stroke-borrea tio50 连杆比Ratio between crank radius andconnecting rod length 51 充量Charge52 工质Working medium53 进气行程Suctionstroke54 压缩行程Compression stroke55 膨胀行程Expansionstroke56 排气行程Exhauststroke57 换气-压缩行程（二冲程）Scavenging-compression stroke 58 膨胀-换气行程（二冲程）Expansion-scavengingstroke59 工作循环Working cycle60 扫气过程Scavenging61 直流扫气Uniflowscavenging62 回流扫气Loopscavenging63 横流扫气Crossscavenging64 扫气泵扫气Scavenging by blower65 曲轴箱扫气Crankcase scavenging66 活塞底泵扫气Under-piston pump scavenging67 进气温度Intaketemperature68 进气压力Intakepressure69 进气涡流Intakeswirl70 排气温度Exhaust-gastemperature71 排气背压Back pressure72 排气烟度Exhaust gas opacity73 充量系数Charging efficiency7474 残余废气系数Residual gas ratio75 扫气利用系数Coefficient of scavenging76 扫气漏失系数77 扫气系数Scavengingfactor78 压缩始点压力Compression beginning pressure79 压缩终点压力Compression end pressure80 压缩始点温度Compression beginning temperature81 压缩终点温度Compression end temperature82 最高燃烧温度Maximum combustion temperature83 膨胀终点温度Expansion end temperature84 膨胀终点压力Expansion end pressure85 平均压力增长率Mean rate of pressure increase86 放热速率Rate of heat release87 燃烧速率Burningvelocity88 火焰传播速度Rate of flame propagation89 表面点火Surfaceignition90 放热规律Regularity of heat release91 过量空气系数Excess air factor92 总过量空气系数Total excess air factor 93 气缸工作容积Piston swept volume 94 总排量Engine sweptvolume95 压缩多变指数Polytropic exponent of compression96 膨胀多变指数Polytropic exponent of expansion97 最高爆发压力Maximum cylinder pressure98 压力升高比Rate of explosion99 初期膨胀比Cut-offr ate100 后期膨胀比Expansionrate101 放热系数Coefficient of heat release102 热平衡Heat balance103 有效功的热当量Mechanical equivalent of heat104 排气热损失Exhaustloss105 冷却热损失Coolingloss106 热平衡余项损失Heat loss as residual term of the heatbalance107 示功图Indicator diagram 108 示功图丰满系数Diagram factor109 扫气过量空气系数Delivery ratio110 空燃比Air-fuerla tio111 扫气效率Scavengingefficiency112 低热值Lower calorificvalue113 空气利用率Rate of air utilization114 热量利用系数Coefficient of heat utilization115 压缩比Compression ratio116 有效压缩比Effective compression ratio117 分子变更系数118 指示功Indicatedwork119 平均指示压力Mean indicated pressure120 指示热效率Indicatedthermalefficiency121 指示热消耗率Indicated specific heat consumption122 工作过程Working process123 压缩空气瓶容量124 指示燃油消耗率Indicated specific fuel consumption125 燃油消耗率Specific fuel consumption126 燃油消耗量Fuelconsumption127 热消耗量Heat consumption128 机油消耗率Specific oil consumption129 机油消耗量Oilconsumption130 空气消耗量Airconsumption131 最低燃油消耗率Minimum specific fuel consumption132 进排气重叠角Valve overlap133 进气持续角Intake valve-opening time134 排气持续角Exhaust valve-opening time135 点火提前角Advance angle of ignition136 进气提前角Intake advance angle137 进气滞后角Intake retard angle138 排气提前角Exhaustadvanceangle139 排气滞后角Exhaust retard angle140 扫气持续角Scavenging port-opening time 141 燃烧持续期Combustion duration 142 滞燃期Ignitiolna g143 显然期Apparent combustion period144 后燃期Afterburning145 早燃Preignition146 回火Back fire147 爆燃Detonation148 工作粗暴Engineroughness149 发火顺序Firingorder150 正时Valve timing往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(三)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语151 燃烧过程Combustion process152 油膜燃烧Film combustion153 空间燃烧Space combustion154 复合燃烧Compound combustion155 混合气形成Mixing156 废气净化Exhaust emission control157 雾化Atomization158 喷油速率Injection rate159 喷油规律Characteristic of fuel delivery160 喷油持续角Fuel injection period161 喷油延迟角Fuel injection lag162 供油提前角Deliverybeginning163 喷油提前角Fuel injection beginning164 换气过程Gas exchangeprocess165 配气相位Valve timing166 残余废气Residualgas167 增压Supercharging168 增压比Pressureratio169 气波增压Comprex supercharging170 增压压力Boostpressure171 废气涡轮增压Turbocharging172 机械增压Mechanicalsupercharging173 复合增压Two stagesupercharging174 定压增压Constantpressure175 脉冲增压Pulseturbocharginsgy stem 176 增压中冷Intercooling 177 增压度Degree ofcharging178 增压器出口温度Supercharger outlet temperature179 脉冲进气Impulse suction往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(四)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语180 时间-面积值/角度-面积值Time area181 积炭Carbon deposit182 结胶Sticking183 敲缸Knock184 气阻Vapour lock185 燃烧室面容比Surface volume ratio186 燃烧室的挤流面积Squish area187 激冷效应Quenching188 燃料当量比Equivalenceratio189 L型燃烧室** Side valve combustion chamber190 楔形燃烧室** Wedge combustion chamber191 盆型燃烧室** Basin type chamber192 F型燃烧室** F-head type combustion chamber193 半球形燃烧室** Semispherical combustion chamber194 开式燃烧室* Open combustion chamber195 分开式燃烧室* Divided combustion chamber196 半开式燃烧室* Semi-divided combustion chamber197 涡流室燃烧室* Swirl chamber type198 预燃室燃烧室* Precombustion chamber type199 直接喷射燃烧室* Direct injection type chamber200* 主燃烧室Main combustion type chamber201* 球型燃烧室Spherical combustion chamber202* ω型燃烧室ωtype chamber203* 盆型燃烧室Dish type chamber204 层状充气Stratificehda rging205 挤压涡流Squishswirl206 螺旋进气道Spiralport207 切向气道Tangentialp ort注释：*指柴油机燃烧室，**指汽油机燃烧室。