沪教牛津版八年级下期中语法复习
沪教牛津版八下英语语法知识点归纳
沪教牛津版八下英语语法知识点归纳1. Present tense：现在时- 现在时表示目前正在进行的动作或状态：e.g. I am doing my homework.（我正在做作业。
）- 现在时还可以用来表示经常性的动作或习惯：e.g. She always gets up early.（她经常早起。
）2. Past tense：过去时- 过去时表示已经发生的动作或状态：e.g. I went to the park yesterday.（我昨天去了公园。
）- 过去时还可以用来表示过去的习惯或常态：e.g. He used to swim every morning.（他过去每天早上游泳。
）3. Future tense：将来时- 将来时表示将要发生的动作或状态：e.g. We will visit Paris next summer.（我们将会在明夏去巴黎。
）4. Modal verbs：情态动词- 情态动词用来表示说话者的态度、习惯、能力等：e.g. You should study harder.（你应该更加努力学习。
）- 常见的情态动词有can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would等。
5. Passive voice：被动语态- 被动语态表示动作的接受者在句中作为主语：e.g. The cake was made by my sister.（这个蛋糕是由我妹妹制作的。
）6. Reported speech：间接引语- 间接引语用来转述别人所说的话：e.g. She said that she was going to the cinema.（她说她要去电影院。
）7. Adjectives and adverbs：形容词和副词- 形容词用来描述名词或代词的性质或特征：e.g. He is a tall man.（他是一个高个子的男人。
）- 副词用来描述动词、形容词和其他副词的程度、方式等：e.g. She sings beautifully.（她唱得很美。
语法知识点总结2024-2025学年沪教牛津版英语八年级下册
八下语法知识点总结语法一：to do 不定式•My mother and I will continue to visit Vivien.•I wanted to help disabled children.•We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.总结1：_____________________________________练习：We (1) ________________ (decide/ meet) Vivien today. We (2) _______________(want/help) her in some way. When we arrived, Vivien was very happy. She (3) ____________(begin/talk) to me about her school. She said, “I (4) _________ (like/ go) to school, but I don’t have any friends. I feel lonely.”Mum gave her some advice. Then Mum asked me to give Vivien her present, but I (5) _____________(forget/bring) it! Vivien said, “It’s OK. I (6) ___________ (hope/see) you again soon.”•Do you know how to help disabled people?•I know where to go.•She can remember what to say.总结2：_____________________________________练习：1. He doesn’t know ________________(wear).他不知道要穿什么。
牛津上海版八年级下册英语期中重点知识点复习
八年级下英语期中重点知识点复习教案复习要点1. Word TransformationUnit1Unit2Unit3Unit 42. PhrasesU11. be interested in= have（great）interest in sth/doing sth 对…有（浓厚的）兴趣2. show（great）interest in sth/doing sth 对…表现出（浓厚的）兴趣3. fight for/against…为…/反对…而战4. have a fight with sb 与…打架5. take a deep breath 深呼吸6. one another = each other 互相7. air pollution 空气污染noise pollution 噪音污染壤污染water pollution 水污染soil pollution土壤污染8. be known as = be famous for 以…而出名9. release A into B 将A释放到B中take A from B 从B中取出A10. of course = certainly 当然U21.clean up 净化2.have/take a good rest (好好)休息一下3.a sewage plant 污水处理厂4.in reply to …作为对…的答复5.a water treatment works 自来水厂6. make （no）reply （不）作答复7.in the first place 首先，最初8. pure（A）into B）（把A）倒入（B）9.enjoy the view 欣赏风景enjoy +yourselves 玩的愉快enjoy +n或+V-ing 欣赏…喜欢…10.look around=look round 环顾四周look词组拓展：look for 寻找look like…看起来像…look after 照顾look up and down 上下打量look up…查阅look out=watch out小心；留神look down on sb 轻视；瞧不起look forward to +V-ing 盼望U 31.change…into… 把…改变成…2.different kinds of energy 不同种类的能量3.heat energy 热能4.moving energy 动能5.light energy 光能6.sound energy 声能7. a dangerous servant 一个危险地仆人8. a packet of sweets 一袋糖果9.trick sb. 戏弄某人U4 hold a meeting/be at the meeting 举行会议decide to do sth. 决定做某事the chief editor 主编suggest that sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事vote for 投票（支持）elect sb. to be 选举某人做……take charge of 管理；掌管ought to do sth. 应该做某事take notes 记笔记be responsible for 对…负责make a list of sth. 列……的清单have an idea 想出主意think about… 考虑关于…make a decision about 做关于…的决定agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth. 安排做某事U1-U4 基础练习1. Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.1. The boy is lying on the bed_________________(comfortable) and listening to music.2.My brother is always________________(patient) when he is doing his homework, so healways makes mistakes.3.The man's_________________(work) became famous after he died.4.The boss has a plan to use fewer workers to do________________(much) work.5.Ken's voice sounded________________(puzzle) when he heard a strange voice.6. We cleaned our ________ (chemical) lab yesterday afternoon.2. Choose the best answer1．the sixteenth of August, they arrived in London.A. OnB. InC. AtD. By2. There is “x” in the word, and it’s second letter in the word.A. an, theB. a, aC. the, anD. the, the3. I’m old enough to wash ________ clothes by myself. You can just wash ________.A. my; yourB. mine; yourC. my; yoursD. your, my4. There are more than three different trees in the forests.A. thousands ofB. thousand ofC. thousandsD. thousand5 Not only his parents but also his brother to Lucky Island twice.A. have beenB. have goneC. has beenD. has gone6. I think beef better than pork.A. was tastedB. tastedC. is tastingD. tastes7. It’s hard to keep the house with three kids.A. cleaning.B. to cleanC. cleanedD. clean8. Trees are important to us. Trees cool the air clean it.A. as well asB. so better asC. as good asD. as better as9. A: The teacher told Charles late for school again. .A. not to beB. not beC. don’t beD. not to10. Whales are one of in the world.A. largest animalsB. the largest animalsC. largest animalD. the largest animal3. Grammar第一单元现在进行时现在进行时的标志：1.句中有副词now时，，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。
沪教牛津版 八下英语 期中复习
期中复习一、词汇I．单词拼写。
1. John a_______ his friend’s invitation to go camping this weekend.2. Paul continued to practise his spoken English a_________ he was laughed at by others many times.3. My favorite c________ character is Donald Duck.4. Children should learn to e__________ their feelings, especially when they are sad.5. Lam is a p__________ young man and everybody likes him.6. Martin can speak some kinds of l_________ , like English, Chinese, German and Japanese.7. As a student, Rose does a p_________ job every summer holiday and she can learn a lot from it.8. A t_________ is someone who is between thirteen and nineteen years old.9. When I’m in trouble, my best friend Jacky always o________ to help me.10. This skirt m________ her blouse well. That is , their colours really go together.II．完成句子。
1.当人们有需要的时候，她总是乐于去帮助他们。
上海牛津版八年级下册语法知识点总结综合---宾从,定从,倒装,句子成分
➢简单句---五种基本句型1）主语+ 不及物动词【主谓】The dog died.2) 主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语【主谓宾】I teach English.3）主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语【主谓宾宾】She sent me a present. 4）主语+ 及物动词+宾语+ 宾语补足语【主谓宾宾补】5）主语+ 系动词+表语【主系表】➢并列句---由并列连词【fanboys】连接的句子。
fanboys: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so1. 注意就远原则、就近原则2. 注意逻辑语义关系。
➢主从复合句从句的语序：陈述语序--- 引导词后紧跟从句的主语。
【注意特例】：特殊疑问词本身做主语的时候，改为宾从的时候，语序不变。
what’s wrong / the matter/the problem (with…)which is the way to…what is the most beautiful ….what is happening over there…who is standing there…3) 时态主现从不限，主过从必过，真理永一现。
注意：在改写宾从的时候，1）如果主句是一般过去式，从句要用相应的过去时态。
2）注意人称变化；3）注意时间状语的变化3.定从考点梳理注意：只能用that 的情况1. 先行词是all, few, little, much, something, anything, everything 等不定代词2. 先行词由only , very 修饰3. 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰4.先行词中既有人又有物非限制性定语从句：特点：先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开which引导：先行词既可以是一个单词，也可以是一整个句子as 引导：可参考常见搭配：as sb expectedas is mentioned beforeas is well-known4. 状语从句重点连接词时间状语从句since---自从；与现在完成时连用as soon as –一…就not … until…直到….才…原因状语从句since；as目的状语从句so that让步状语从句：though/although/even if/ even though, 不与but 连用条件状语从句：if, unless, as/so long as方式状语从句：as(按照)，as if/as thoughPart Three 倒装句--- NAOSHI原则NAOSHI----N--- negative words 【当句首出现否定意义成分，需要进行部分倒装】●NAOSHI----A (as / though 引导的让步状语从句)分词/名词(无冠词)/短语+ as/though + 主语+ 谓语Although/Though I was very tired, I tried to help them.= Tired as/ though I was, tried to help them.Though she is a girl, she behaves like a boy.= Girl as/though she is, [ 此处强调部分为a + n单时；倒装时不用加a]●NAOSHI—o : only + 状语（adv./ 介词短语/状从）+ 助动词+主语+动词（部分倒装）Only then did he realize his mistake.Only in this way can you learn English well.Only when you finish your homework can you watch TV. [从句不倒装，主句倒装]注意易错：Only you can go to school. 【only 后不接状语，不用倒装。
沪教牛津版八年级英语下册语法精讲及练习
沪教牛津版八年级英语下册语法精讲及练习语法知识现在进行时一.现在进行时表示的意义：1.表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调动作发生的时间是此时此刻。
例如；I am reading an English book. 我正在看一本英语书。
She is watching TV. 她正在看电视。
2.表示目前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
例如：What lessons are you studying this week? 你们本周学哪些课了？Tom’s parents are working in China this year. 汤姆的父母今年一直在中国工作。
二.现在进行时的句子结构：现在进行时由“助动词be + 动词的现在分词”构成，be (am, is, are)是助动词，不做联系动词用，不解释“是”。
其句子结构为：1.肯定句由“主语 + be + v.-ing + 其他”构成。
例如：I am cleaning the classroom. 我正在打扫教室。
They are playing the piano.2. 否定句由“主语 + be + not + v.-ing + 其他”构成。
例如：He is not watching TV. 他没在看电视。
They are not writing. 他们没在写东西。
3. 一般疑问句由“Be + 主语 + v.-ing + 其他？”构成，其肯定答句为“Yes, 主语+ be”否定答句为“No, 主语+ be + not”。
例如：—Is she listening to the music? 她正在听音乐吗？—Yes, she is. / no, she isn’t. 是的，她在听。
/ 不，她不在听。
—Are they running? 他们正在跑步吗？—Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 是的，他们在跑。
沪教牛津版初二下册英语知识点总结全册含习题和答案
沪教牛津版初二下册英语知识点总结全册含习题和答案本文档为初二下册英语知识点总结，旨在帮助学生巩固所学的知识。
以下是全册的知识点总结和题及答案。
单元一：School Life- 主要知识点：学校设施、学校日常活动- 题：1. What facilities does your school have?（答案根据实际情况）2. Describe a typical school day.（答案根据个人经历）单元二：Family Time- 主要知识点：家庭成员、家庭活动- 题：1. How many people are there in your family?（答案根据实际情况）2. Describe a family activity that you enjoy.（答案根据个人经历）单元三：Hobbies and Interests- 主要知识点：爱好和兴趣、表达喜欢与不喜欢- 题：1. What is your favorite hobby? Why?（个人回答）2. List three things you like and three things you don't like.（个人回答）单元四：Healthy Living- 主要知识点：健康生活方式、饮食和运动- 题：1. What do you do to stay healthy?（个人回答）2. Describe a healthy meal.（个人回答）单元五：Travel and Adventure- 主要知识点：旅行和冒险、地理和文化知识- 题：1. Describe a place you would like to visit and why.（个人回答）2. What is a famous landmark in your country?（个人回答）单元六：Technology and Innovation- 主要知识点：科技和创新、数字产品和服务- 题：1. How has technology changed your life?（个人回答）2. What is your favorite digital device or service?（个人回答）- 主要知识点：语言和交流、不同国家和文化的语言- 题：1. How many languages can you speak?（个人回答）2. List three words in a language other than English.（个人回答）单元八：Entertainment and Media- 主要知识点：娱乐和媒体、影视作品和音乐- 题：1. What is your favorite movie or TV show? Why?（个人回答）2. Describe a song or piece of music you like.（个人回答）以上是沪教牛津版初二下册英语的知识点总结和题及答案。
沪教牛津版八年级下期中语法复习
沪教牛津版八年级下期中语法复习work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR一、动词不定式动词不定式的基本结构为“to do sth”（有时可以省略to）,在句中除了不能充当谓语外其他成分都可以充当，如主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、定语等，这学期我们主要学习动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语。
1.作宾语需要用动词不定式做宾语的动词有：want, hope, wish, like ,begin,start, forget, remember, need, ask, learn, decide, would like, try, offer, plan, refuse, agree, help等。
Remember to post the letter.I hope to stay with you拓展：（1）当作宾语的不定式后跟有宾语补足语时，通常需要形式宾语it代替不定式，并将真正的宾语（不定式）置于宾语补足语之后，其结构为：主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+动词不定式。
I find it difficult to learn Japanese well.（2）当两个或两个以上的不定式连用时，后面的不定式往往省略to.He began to read and write after dinner.（3）动词不定式可以和疑问词who(m), which, what, when, how, where(why除外)等连用，构成动词不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语或表语等。
How to control the water pollution is a big problem.The trouble is whom to invite.（4）”疑问词+动词不定式（短语）”作宾语时，相当于一个宾语从句I don’t know what to do next time.= I don’t know what I should do next time.2.作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语时，放在宾语的后面，表示宾语是什么或者怎么样。
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一、动词不定式动词不定式的基本结构为“to do sth”（有时可以省略to）,在句中除了不能充当谓语外其他成分都可以充当，如主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、定语等，这学期我们主要学习动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语。
1.作宾语需要用动词不定式做宾语的动词有：want, hope, wish, like ,begin,start, forget, remember, need, ask, learn, decide, would like, try, offer, plan, refuse, agree, help等。
Remember to post the letter.I hope to stay with you拓展：（1）当作宾语的不定式后跟有宾语补足语时，通常需要形式宾语it代替不定式，并将真正的宾语（不定式）置于宾语补足语之后，其结构为：主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+动词不定式。
I find it difficult to learn Japanese well.（2）当两个或两个以上的不定式连用时，后面的不定式往往省略to.He began to read and write after dinner.（3）动词不定式可以和疑问词who(m), which, what, when, how, where(why除外)等连用，构成动词不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语或表语等。
How to control the water pollution is a big problem.The trouble is whom to invite.（4）”疑问词+动词不定式（短语）”作宾语时，相当于一个宾语从句I don’t know what to do next time.= I don’t know what I should do next time.2.作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语时，放在宾语的后面，表示宾语是什么或者怎么样。
其后接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词（短语）有：ask, tell, like, love, hate, would like, order, teach, want, wish, advise等。
The doctor advised him to take a good rest.We asked him to sing a pop song at the party.拓展：（1）动词不定式作宾语补足语时，在使役动词和感官动词后面需要省略to，常见的此类动词有：have, let, make, feel, hear, notice, see, watch.The boss made the workers work over 10 hours a day in the past.I saw Li Lei fall down from his bike,（2）help接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号可以省略也可以不省略。
He often comes to help us (to) do some farming work.3.作目的状语动词不定式表目的时，可放在句子的前面，也可以放在句子的末尾，但在句子前面时，动词不定式常用逗号与句子隔开，而在句子末尾时一般不用逗号隔开。
He goes there to enjoy the fresh air.练习1. The children decide _______ their school yard this Friday afternoon.A.cleanB.to cleanC.cleaningD.cleaned2. He lost his key. It made him ______ in the cold to wait for his wife’s return.A.to stayB.stayedC.staysD.stay3. How kind you are! You always do what you can _______ me.A.helpB.helpingC.to helpD.helps4. It was time for class. Mr King asked all the children________ down quietly.A.sitB.satC.to sitD.sitting5. ______ a book in the library, you should enter a key word into the computer first.A.To findB.FindC.To writeD. Write6.---Which dress do you like best, Madam?---Sorry, I can’t decide ________ now.A.to buy which oneB.buy which oneC.which one to buyD.which I should buy it7. Try to sing more English songs, and you will find it interesting ______ a foreign language.A.learningB.learnsC.learnD.to learn8. ---I will go ho Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?---I haven’t decided where _______.A.goB.wentC.goingD.to go9.--- Why don’t you go out to play, Rose?---Because I have much homework _______.A.doB.doesC.doingD.to do二、动名词Communicating is more than just speaking.交流不仅仅是说话Debbie enjoys smiling and always looks friendly.黛比喜欢微笑并且看上去总是很友好I’m looking forward to going to Beijing.我正盼望着去北京。
动名词是由“动词原形+ing”构成，它在句中可作多种成分。
变化规则一般在词尾加ing。
buy-buying wait-waiting rain-raining以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再加ing。
use-using ride-riding以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ing。
begin-beginning cut-cutting少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ing。
die-dying lie-lying tie-tying以oe,ee,ye结尾的动词，直接在词尾加ing。
see-seeing flee-fleeing用法1.作主语常位于句首，此时位于动词应使用第三人称单数形式。
Swimming in the sea is her favourite sport.2.作表语用于表示主语是什么。
My favourite hobby is collecting stamps.3.作动词和介词的宾语I practice speaking English everyday.After finishing his homework, he went to bed.4.作定语动名词可以用于所修饰的名词前表示该事物的用途，也可以使用“for+动名词”形式位于所修饰的名词前。
a swimming pool=a pool of for swimming.1.The retired couple enjoy_________ photos. They always go out with their cameras.A.takeB.tookC.to takeD.taking2. ---Thanks very much for ___________（invite）me to your birthday party.3.______ the competition brought her more than just fame.A. WinB. WinningC. WonD. Winner4.Watching TV too much _______ good for your eyes.A.isB.isn’tC.areD.aren’t5.---Would you mind_______ the window?--- Not at all.A.openingB.openC.to openD.opens6.What about______ the guitar?A.practising playingB.practise to playC.practise playingD.practising to play7.They left the room without _____ a word.A.sayB.to sayC.sayingD.says三、被动语态1.No nets are required for this type of fishing.这种捕鱼方式不需要网。
2.Cormorant fishing was once practised in lots of places in South-East China...曾经中国东南部很多地方从事鸬鹚捕鱼业......3.A music show will be held in the school hall at 4p.m. on Tuesday, 4 May.5月4日星期二下午4点，将在学校大厅举行音乐表演。
说明：句1是一般现在时的被动语态，句2是一般过去时的被动语态，句3是一般将来时的被动语态。
英语的语态有主动和被动两种：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
1.基本构成be+过去分词Football is played all over the world. 足球风靡世界。
Is it made of bamboo? 它是用竹子做的吗？2.基本变法We Visited that factory last summer →主动语态主语谓语宾语其余部分That factory was visited by us last summer →被动语态主语谓语宾语其余部分宾语提前做主语，主语变为介词by的宾语，谓语变为be+过去分词，时态根据主动语态来确定。