公共管理英语课文翻译知识讲解
顾建光《公共管理系统英语》课文翻译
《公共管理英语》部分翻译(目前缺第四章、第六章、第七章翻译)第一章1Opening Administration to the Public政务公开得益于2001年11月16日生效的政府最近实施的邀请市民旁听政府会议的行政事务公开改革措施,省市的市民现在有机会参加市政府会议。
每次行政事务会议邀请10名市民参加。
邀请参加重要会议的人数是可以变化的。
这些旁听者可以是人大代表、政协委员、民主党派的要员、工商联代表及其他。
他们要至少18岁，并且愿意参加会议。
旁听者可以通过政府部门以书面形式发表他们的意见。
Increasing Transparency增加透明度在部分城市和农村的基础上，今年的上半年，省已要求村及村以上的政府行政事务都要公开。
所有有关法律、规章和公民必须遵循的政府决定，只要不涉及政党和中央政府的，都要向公众公开。
具体容如下：经济社会发展战略，工作目标和它们的完成情况；重大决策和政策的主动过程；财政预算和执行情况；专用基金的分配和重要物资的购买；主要基本建设计划和它们的招投标；政府投资的公共福利项目；政府审批的项目及完成情况；政府向公众承事项的完成情况；有关公民、法人、组织权益的法律实施；重大事件的处理；-官员的选拔任用，公务员的录用，先进工作者的评价，员工调动的原则改革及公众关心的其他问题；政府机构的职能和官员的职责；工作容、条件、流程和时间以及工作效果；工作原则，承担义务、对违反应承担义务的起诉方法及调查结果；Apart from opening administrative affairs to society, various de partments of the Guangdong Provincial Government have been required t o open their internal system construction, work operations and manage ment, specifically the self-discipline of officials; income and expen diture of the department; management of the human resources, distribu tion of income to workers and staff members as well as their welfare treatment; and other issues.除了向社会公开行政事务，省已经要求各政府部门公开机关部结构，工作运转方式和管理情况，特别是官员的自律情况；部门的收入和经费开支情况，工作人员的收入分配和他们的福利待遇，以及其它事项。
[考试]公共管理专业英语第一单元课文翻译
![[考试]公共管理专业英语第一单元课文翻译](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/f20f1e717f1922791688e8b8.png)
[考试]公共管理专业英语第一单元课文翻译Lesson 1The Practice and Discipline of Public Administration SomeDefinitions公共行政，像许多人的努力，是很难界定的。
然而，我们有一种感觉它是什么，应该如何进行，虽然我们可能不同意深刻。
在某种程度上，这是因为公共管理涵盖了大量的活动。
公共管理工作的探索外层空间清扫街道。
一些政府公务人员是受过良好教育的专业人士，他们可能会在他们的专业领域的前沿，其他拥有不同的技能，他们从海量的风向标。
一些公共管理政策，在全国范围内的影响，并可能惠及亿万人，其他人几乎没有任何决策和责任进行世俗政府的任务，如文字处理，存档，并保持记录。
公共管理是医生，律师，科学家，工程师，会计师，budgeters，政策分析家，人事人员，管理人员，文员，keyboarders，体力劳动者和个人从事其他职业的主机和功能。
但我们知道公共管理做什么不能解决的问题，界定什么是公共管理。
乍一看，人们可能会倾向于公共管理的定义忽视的问题。
有人指出，前一段时间，任何一个段落或一个句子的公共管理的定义，必然要证明暂时的思维瘫痪*。
这是因为，公共管理作为一类是抽象的，多样的，它只能说是含糊，笼统，无定形的，有些竞争*。
然而，一些关注的定义是很重要的。
首先，有必要建立一般的界限，传达的纪律性和公共管理实践的主要问题。
第二，公共管理的定义可以放置在更广泛的政治，经济和社会背景*领域。
第三，考虑到公共管理的定义表明，有三个不同的领域的基本方法。
多年来学者和从业者强调，这些方法中的一种或另一种的趋势，促进了混乱，因为每个方法往往会强调不同的价值观，不同的组织安排，不同的方法发展信息，并从根本上截然不同的意见的公民个人。
人们可以找到各种各样的公共管理的定义，但下面是其中最严重和最有影响力的努力定义字段。
1。
“公共行政是政府行动的一部分，政府的宗旨和目标实现的手段，*。
《公共管理英语》部分课文翻译
Opening Administration to the Public政务公开得益于2001年11月16日生效的政府最近实施的邀请市民旁听政府会议的行政事务公开改革措施,安徽省蚌埠市的市民现在有机会参加市政府会议。
每次行政事务会议邀请10名市民参加。
邀请参加重要会议的人数是可以变化的。
这些旁听者可以是人大代表、政协委员、民主党派的要员、工商联代表及其他。
他们要至少18岁，并且愿意参加会议。
旁听者可以通过政府部门以书面形式发表他们的意见。
Increasing Transparency增加透明度在部分城市和农村的基础上，今年的上半年，广东省已要求村及村以上的政府行政事务都要公开。
所有有关法律、规章和公民必须遵循的政府决定，只要不涉及政党和中央政府的机密，都要向公众公开。
具体内容如下：经济社会发展战略，工作目标和它们的完成情况；重大决策和政策的主动过程；财政预算和执行情况；专用基金的分配和重要物资的购买；主要基本建设计划和它们的招投标；政府投资的公共福利项目；政府审批的项目及完成情况；政府向公众承事项的完成情况；有关公民、法人、组织权益的法律实施；重大事件的处理；官员的选拔任用，公务员的录用，先进工作者的评价，员工调动的原则改革及公众关心的其他问题；政府机构的职能和官员的职责；工作内容、条件、流程和时间以及工作效果；工作原则，承担义务、对违反应承担义务的起诉方法及调查结果；除了向社会公开行政事务，广东省已经要求各政府部门公开机关内部结构，工作运转方式和管理情况，特别是官员的自律情况；部门的收入和经费开支情况，工作人员的收入分配和他们的福利待遇，以及其它事项。
了解政府的行政行为是公民基本权力之一，政务公开是政府的应尽的职责。
公开行政信息是已经是政府管理中必不可少的部分。
同时，政务公开也是WTO的一项主要原则，被列在WTO的大部分文件中。
在中国加入WTO后，被要求在这方面做得更好。
中国的政府职能转变落后于它的经济增长。
MPA《公共管理英语》Unit 2 重点段落句子翻译
Unit 2 Why Public Management Reform? 为什么要进行公共管理改革？P11 Para.1(1) 公共管理改革通常被认为是一种达到目的的手段，而并非目的本身。
(2) 更确切地说，我们或许可以认为它可能是一种达到多种目的的手段。
(3) 这些目的包括：节省公共服务支出、提高公共服务质量、使政府运作更加高效、增加被选用和实施的政策变得有效的机会。
(4) 在实现这些重要目标的道路上，公共管理改革也许会在许多中间（过渡性的）目标的实现上提供帮助支持，这些中间（过渡性）目标包括强化政治家对于官僚机构的控制管理、放开公务员的手脚使他们不再受到官僚主义的束缚。
因为这些限制抑制了他们管理和强化政府的政策和计划纲要对于立法机关和市民的责任的机会。
P12 Para.1(1)如果公共管理改革真的能产生一个更廉洁、更高效的政府，拥有高质量的服务和更加有效的计划，如果它同时地能改善政治约束、把管理者解放出来，使政府更加透明并且能提升那些大臣和高官们的形象，那么这样的话被广泛鼓吹也就不足为奇。
(2) 但不幸的是，事情并没有那么简单。
P13 Para.1(1) 不管怎样，公共管理改革仅仅是达到第一段中所提到的渴望的大多数目标的途径之一。
(2) 更充分的说，对公共管理改革性质的任何描述都需要考虑周全。
这包括需要考虑到政府的表现可以通过很多途径得到改善，需要考虑到管理改革经常与其他类型的政策制定结合起来。
(3) 在对许多国家的行政管理发展进行比较之后，最近学术研究发现：“行政管理制度改革…是所有政策行为的主体，并不是孤立的一套技术手段”。
P13 Para.2改善政府表现的其他途径包括政治改革（例如选举制度或立法程序的改变）以及关键政策的根本性改变（例如新的宏观经济管理政策，劳动力市场改革，或社会政策的根本性的改变）。
其他的可提高政府表现的线路包括政治改革（例如选举体系或立法程序中的变化）和关键政策上的实质性变革（例如宏观经济学管理政策、劳动市场改革或社会政策上的基本变革）。
《公共管理英语》部分课文翻译
第一章1Opening Administration to the Public政务公开得益于2001年11月16日生效的政府最近实施的邀请市民旁听政府会议的行政事务公开改革措施,安徽省蚌埠市的市民现在有机会参加市政府会议。
每次行政事务会议邀请10名市民参加。
邀请参加重要会议的人数是可以变化的。
这些旁听者可以是人大代表、政协委员、民主党派的要员、工商联代表及其他。
他们要至少18岁，并且愿意参加会议。
旁听者可以通过政府部门以书面形式发表他们的意见。
Increasing Transparency增加透明度在部分城市和农村的基础上，今年的上半年，广东省已要求村及村以上的政府行政事务都要公开。
所有有关法律、规章和公民必须遵循的政府决定，只要不涉及政党和中央政府的机密，都要向公众公开。
具体内容如下：经济社会发展战略，工作目标和它们的完成情况；重大决策和政策的主动过程；财政预算和执行情况；专用基金的分配和重要物资的购买；主要基本建设计划和它们的招投标；政府投资的公共福利项目；政府审批的项目及完成情况；政府向公众承事项的完成情况；有关公民、法人、组织权益的法律实施；重大事件的处理；官员的选拔任用，公务员的录用，先进工作者的评价，员工调动的原则改革及公众关心的其他问题；政府机构的职能和官员的职责；工作内容、条件、流程和时间以及工作效果；工作原则，承担义务、对违反应承担义务的起诉方法及调查结果；除了向社会公开行政事务，广东省已经要求各政府部门公开机关内部结构，工作运转方式和管理情况，特别是官员的自律情况；部门的收入和经费开支情况，工作人员的收入分配和他们的福利待遇，以及其它事项。
了解政府的行政行为是公民基本权力之一，政务公开是政府的应尽的职责。
公开行政信息是已经是政府管理中必不可少的部分。
同时，政务公开也是WTO的一项主要原则，被列在WTO的大部分文件中。
在中国加入WTO后，被要求在这方面做得更好。
中国的政府职能转变落后于它的经济增长。
顾建光《公共管理英语》课文翻译.解析
《公共管理英语》部分翻译(目前缺第四章、第六章、第七章翻译)第一章1Opening Administration to the Public政务公开得益于2001年11月16日生效的政府最近实施的邀请市民旁听政府会议的行政事务公开改革措施,安徽省蚌埠市的市民现在有机会参加市政府会议。
每次行政事务会议邀请10名市民参加。
邀请参加重要会议的人数是可以变化的。
这些旁听者可以是人大代表、政协委员、民主党派的要员、工商联代表及其他。
他们要至少18岁，并且愿意参加会议。
旁听者可以通过政府部门以书面形式发表他们的意见。
Increasing Transparency增加透明度在部分城市和农村的基础上，今年的上半年，广东省已要求村及村以上的政府行政事务都要公开。
所有有关法律、规章和公民必须遵循的政府决定，只要不涉及政党和中央政府的机密，都要向公众公开。
具体内容如下：经济社会发展战略，工作目标和它们的完成情况；重大决策和政策的主动过程；财政预算和执行情况；专用基金的分配和重要物资的购买；主要基本建设计划和它们的招投标；政府投资的公共福利项目；政府审批的项目及完成情况；政府向公众承事项的完成情况；有关公民、法人、组织权益的法律实施；重大事件的处理；-官员的选拔任用，公务员的录用，先进工作者的评价，员工调动的原则改革及公众关心的其他问题；政府机构的职能和官员的职责；工作内容、条件、流程和时间以及工作效果；工作原则，承担义务、对违反应承担义务的起诉方法及调查结果；Apart from opening administrative affairs to society, various de partments of the Guangdong Provincial Government have been required t o open their internal system construction, work operations and manage ment, specifically the self-discipline of officials; income and expen diture of the department; management of the human resources, distribu tion of income to workers and staff members as well as their welfare treatment; and other issues.除了向社会公开行政事务，广东省已经要求各政府部门公开机关内部结构，工作运转方式和管理情况，特别是官员的自律情况；部门的收入和经费开支情况，工作人员的收入分配和他们的福利待遇，以及其它事项。
MPA《公共管理英语》unit翻译(全)
MPA《公共管理英语》unit翻译(全)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：Unit 1 Opening administration to the public 政府公共管理向社会开放P3 Para.1安徽省蚌埠市的市民现在有机会参加市政府会议,这主要得益于2001年12月16日正式生效并实施的邀请市民旁听政府一些行政管理方面会议的行政事务公开改革措施。
P3 Para.2每次市政管理会议都邀请10名市民参加。
受邀参加重要会议的人数是可以变化的。
这些旁听者可以是人大代表、政协委员、民主党派的要员、工商联代表及其他人士。
旁听人员必须年满18岁，并且自愿出席旁听。
P3 Para.3旁听者可以通过政府部门以书面形式发表他们的意见。
Increasing Transparency增加透明度P3 Para.4在一些城市和国家试点项目的基础之上，广东省要求省内县或县级以上的政府在今年上半年实现政务公开。
P4 Para.5所有要求人们遵守的法律、规章以及行政决策，只要不涉及到党和中央政府的机密，都应该向公众公开，具体内容如下：具体内容如下：-经济社会发展策略，工作目标和它们的完成情况（成果）；-制定重大决策和政策的程序；-财政预算和执行情况；-特种基金的分配和使用以及重要物资（材料）的购买；-重大建设项目资金和它们的招投标；-政府投资的公共福利项目；-政府审批（审查批准）的工程及完成情况；-政府向公众承诺事项的完成情况；-有关公民、法人、组织权利和利益（权益）的法律实施；-大事故的处理情况；-官员的选拔任用，公务员的录用，先进工作者的表彰，机构改革中员工的调动及公众关注的其他事项；-管理部门的职能和官员的职责；-工作内容、状态条件、流程和处理事务的时间安排表以及工作效果；-工作原则，承担义务、对违反应承担义务的申诉方法及案子的调查处理结果；P4 Para.6除了向社会公开行政事务，广东省政府的各个机构部门也被要求开放其内部体制结构，工作运转方式和管理情况，特别是官员的自律情况；部门的收入和经费开支情况，人力资源的管理，工作人员的收入分配和他们的福利待遇，以及其它事项。
[考试]公共管理专业英语第一单元课文翻译
[考试]公共管理专业英语第一单元课文翻译Lesson 1The Practice and Discipline of Public Administration SomeDefinitions公共行政，像许多人的努力，是很难界定的。
然而，我们有一种感觉它是什么，应该如何进行，虽然我们可能不同意深刻。
在某种程度上，这是因为公共管理涵盖了大量的活动。
公共管理工作的探索外层空间清扫街道。
一些政府公务人员是受过良好教育的专业人士，他们可能会在他们的专业领域的前沿，其他拥有不同的技能，他们从海量的风向标。
一些公共管理政策，在全国范围内的影响，并可能惠及亿万人，其他人几乎没有任何决策和责任进行世俗政府的任务，如文字处理，存档，并保持记录。
公共管理是医生，律师，科学家，工程师，会计师，budgeters，政策分析家，人事人员，管理人员，文员，keyboarders，体力劳动者和个人从事其他职业的主机和功能。
但我们知道公共管理做什么不能解决的问题，界定什么是公共管理。
乍一看，人们可能会倾向于公共管理的定义忽视的问题。
有人指出，前一段时间，任何一个段落或一个句子的公共管理的定义，必然要证明暂时的思维瘫痪*。
这是因为，公共管理作为一类是抽象的，多样的，它只能说是含糊，笼统，无定形的，有些竞争*。
然而，一些关注的定义是很重要的。
首先，有必要建立一般的界限，传达的纪律性和公共管理实践的主要问题。
第二，公共管理的定义可以放置在更广泛的政治，经济和社会背景*领域。
第三，考虑到公共管理的定义表明，有三个不同的领域的基本方法。
多年来学者和从业者强调，这些方法中的一种或另一种的趋势，促进了混乱，因为每个方法往往会强调不同的价值观，不同的组织安排，不同的方法发展信息，并从根本上截然不同的意见的公民个人。
人们可以找到各种各样的公共管理的定义，但下面是其中最严重和最有影响力的努力定义字段。
1。
“公共行政是政府行动的一部分，政府的宗旨和目标实现的手段，*。
公共管理专业英语第二单元课文翻译
Lesson 2 The Managerial Approach to Public Administration公共管理涉及一系列复杂的关系和函数。
毫不奇怪，因此，作为一个学科或身体或理论，公共管理缺乏连贯性。
公共管理包含三个比较明显的方法生长出不同的角度对其功能。
有些人认为这是一个管理的努力，类似的做法在私人部门。
其他人，强调“公共性”的公共管理，强调其政治方面。
还有人指出，主权的重要性，宪法，并规定在公共管理，把它视为一个明显的法律问题。
每个这些办法往往强调不同的价值，程序和结构安排的公共行政活动，每一个意见，市民在一个非常不同的方式，和各采用不同的角度对如何发展知识。
进一步复杂的是，管理方法有2个亚群：传统（或传统）公共管理与当代改革故宫*。
记住，这些做法是嵌入在我们的政治文化。
它们反映了宪法权力分立和分配职能的不同分支。
管理方法与行政机构的利益，忠实执行或执行法律。
政治态度与立法决策问题。
法律方法侧重于政府的审判职能，致力于维护宪法权利和法治。
一旦我们已经提出的依据这三个广泛的办法，广泛的管理，我们将完成我们的定义的讨论。
我们可以把一个如何解释每个人提出的各种活动的当代公共管理。
公共行政的管理办法那些定义公共行政管理方面，以高效率的方法它往往以尽量减少之间的公共和私人管理的区别。
在他们看来，公共管理基本上是一样的大企业，应当是按照同样的管理原则和价值观。
这一观点根深蒂固的某些部分的美国社会，是经常发现在选修的政治领袖，往往对政治的影响行使公务员*这是不寻常的总统选举的候选人不强调所谓的能力，“管理”的联邦官僚机构并使其更有效和经济。
州长和市长候选人经常吹嘘他们的管理技能以及*。
今天，那些谁看公共行政管理分为2组。
传统主义者所取代正在改革者呼吁“重塑政府“发展”。
故宫是取代传统的方法在几个联邦机构，国家和地方政府。
它也很强，在其他一些国家，包括英国，澳大利亚，新西兰，和斯堪的纳维亚国家。
公共管理中英文对照外文翻译文献
公共管理中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)中英文资料外文翻译The New Public Management SituationNo doubt, many countries in the world, and both developed countries and developing countries, in the late 1980s and early 1990s began a continuous public sector management reform movement. The reform movement is still in many aspects government continue to the organization and management of the influence. People in these reforms view repudiating them. Critics especially in Britain and the United States, critics say the new mode of various problems exist, but also does not have the international prevailing reform of public management, could not be called paradigm. Criticism from almost every aspect of the change. Most of the academic criticismbelong to the mouth. Different schools of thought in detail discussion, The academic journal articles and abstraction, from reality. At the same time, in the practice of public management and implementation of the reform and the change. As I in other articles in the thought, in most countries, the traditional public administrative mode for public management mode has been replaced. The reform of public department responded to the realities of several interrelated problems, including: the function of public sector provide public services of low efficiency, Economic theory of change, Private sector related changes impact of globalization, especially as a kind of economic power, Technology changes made decentralization and better control globally becomes possible. The administrative management can be divided into three stages: the development of distinct phases,and public administration before traditional pattern and public management reform stage. Each stage has its own management mode. From a stage of transition to the next stage is not easy, from the traditional public administration to public administration has not yet completed the transition. But it was only a matter of time. Because the new mode of theoretical basis is very strong. The new public management movement ", "although this name, but it is not only a debate in the booming, and in most developed countries have taken the best management mode of expression. The traditional administrative mode than it's age is a great reform, but that time has passed.A traditional patternObviously, in the late 19th century bureaucracy system theory, not sound already exists some form of administrative management. Public administration has a long history, and it is the concept of a government and the rise of civilization as history. As the case Glad2den Osama bin laden (point), a model of administrative since the government appears has existed. First is endowed with founder or leader, then is the social or administrative person to organizers of eternity. Administration management or business is all in social activities, although not among factors, but the glow of social sustainable development is of vital importance. Recognized administrative system in ancient Egypt is already exists, its jurisdiction from the Nile flooding caused by the year to build the pyramids irrigation affairs. China is adopted in the han dynasty, Confucian norms that government should be elected, not according to the background, but according to the character and ability, the government's main goal is to seek the welfare of the people. In Europe, various empire - Greek, Roman, and the holy Roman, Spain'sadministrative empire, they first by the central through various rules and procedures. Weber's thought, "modern" medieval countries develop simultaneously with "bureaucratic management structure development". Although these countries in different ways, but they have common features, it can be called before modern. Namely, the administrative system of early essence is the personification of, or the establishment in Max Weber's "nepotism" basis, i.e. to loyal to the king or minister certain human foundation, not is personified, With allegiance to the organization or individual basis rather than for the foundation. Although there are such a viewpoint that administration itself not only praise from traditional mode, the characteristic of early but often leads to seek personal interests corruption or abuse of power. In the early administrative system, we now feel very strange approach has the functions of government administration is generally behavior. All those who walk official tend to rely on friends or relatives for work or buy officer, which means the money to buy the first officer or tax officials, and then out to the customer to money, which is the first to buy officer recovery investment cost, and can make a fortune. America in the 19th century FenFei system of "political parties" means in the ruling changed at the same time, the government of all administrative position is changed. Modern bureaucracy is before "personal, traditional, diffusion and similar and special", and according to the argument, modern Weber bureaucracy is "impersonal, rational, concrete, achievement orientation and common". Personalized government is often inefficient: nepotism means incompetent not capable person was arranged to positions of leadership, FenFei political corruption, in addition to making often still exist serious low efficiency. The enormoussuccess of traditional administrative pattern that early practice looks strange. Specialization and not politicized administrative in our opinion is so difficult to imagine that trace, there exist other system. Western administrative system even simple selection of officials to pass theexam, until 1854, Britain and north G..M. Trevelyan report after Northcote - began to establish in China, although the system has long passage.The traditional public administrative patternIn the late 19th century, additionally one kind of pattern on the world popular, this is the so-called traditional administrative pattern. Its main theoretical basis from several countries, namely, the American scholars and Germany Woodrow Wilson of Max Weber's, people put their associated with bureaucracy model, Frederick Tyler systematically elaborated the scientific management theory, the theory of the private sector from America, for public administration method was provided. And the other theorists, Taylor without focusing on public sector, but his theory was influential in this field. The three traditional public administration mode is theorist of main effect. In other countries, plus G..M. Trevelyan and North America, the state administration of administrative system, especially the Wilson has produced important influence. In the 19th century, the north G..M. Trevelyan and put forward through the examination and character, and appointed officials put forward bias and administrative neutral point of view. The traditional administrative pattern has the following features:1. The bureaucracy. The government shall, according to the principle of bureaucratic rank and organization. The German sociologist Max Weber bureaucracy system of a classic, andanalysis. Although the bureaucracy in business organizations and other tissues, but it is in the public sector got better and longer.2. The best way of working and procedures are in full manual detail codes, for administrative personnel to follow. Strictly abide by these principles will run for the organization provides the best way.3. Bureaucratic service. Once the government policy areas in, it will be through the bureaucracy to provide public products and service providers.4. In political and administrative two relations, political and administrative managers generally think of administrative affairs can be separated. Administration is the implement instruction, and any matter policy or strategic affairs shall be decided by the political leaders, which can ensure that the democratic system.5. Public interests are assumed to individual civil servants, the only motive for public service is selfless paying.6. Professional bureaucracy. Public administration is viewed as a kind of special activities, thus requirements, obscure, civil servants neutral equal employment and lifelong service to any political leaders.7. The administrative task is to carry out the meaning of the written instructions and not others assume the personal responsibility.Through the comparison of the early administrative pattern, we can better understand the main advantages and Webber system differences. Webber system and it is the most important mode of various before the difference: the rule-based impersonal system replaced the personification of administrative management system. An organization and its rules than any of the people are important organization. Bureaucracy is itsoperation and how to respond to customer must is personified. As Weber has demonstrated that the modern office management ", will be incorporated into various regulations deeply touched it. The modern public administration by law theory, to command certain affairs authority has been awarded the legitimate public authority. This does not grant an institution specific cases through some instructions. It only matters is abstractly control some issues. In contrast, through personal privileges and give concession regulation of all affairs. The latter is completely dominated by the hereditary system, at least these affairs is not the traditional infringement is this situation."It is very important. Early administration based on personal relationships, be loyal to relatives, protect, leaders or political, rather than on the system. Sometimes, the early administration is politically sensitive, because of the administrative organs of the staff is appointed, they also politicians arms or mainstream class. However, it is often autocratic, autocratic administration may be unfair, especially for those who can't or unwilling to input personal and political game. One of the basic principles for with weber impersonal system to completely eliminate autocratic - at least in ideal condition is so. File exists, the reference principle of parallel and legal basis in the same environment means will always make the same decision. Below this kind ofcircumstance is not only more efficient, and the citizen and bureaucratic hierarchy know myself.Other differences were associated with this. In various regulations and impersonal basis, will naturally formed strict hierarchy. Personal rating system and its provisions in the left unchanged. Although Webber emphasizes the entire system, but he also noticed the bureaucracy of the organization andindividual term.The traditional administrative mode won great success, it is widely adopted by governments around the world. Theoretically or in practice, it shows the advantage. And before the corruption flourished, it is more efficient than system, and the thought of individual professionalization civil servants and amateur service has a great progress. However, this model is also exposed the problems that shows that the model can even said outdated, also can say is outdated.The theory of public administration has been difficult to describe the pillar. Political control theory has problems. Administrative means follow instructions, so people demand a well-ordered transceiver method. Instruction between implementers and has a clear division. But this is not the reality, and with the public service domain expands the scale and more impossible. The traditional mode of another theoretical pillar - bureaucracy theory is no longer considered particularly effective form of organization. Formal bureaucracy could have its advantages, but people think it often training to routineer and innovators, Encourage executives rather than risk aversion risk-taking, encourage them to waste instead of effective use of scarce resources. Webb was the bureaucracy is regarded as an ideal type ", "but now this ideal type is inert, cultivate the progressive, leads to low efficiency, these mediocrity and is believed to be the public sector of the special disease. It is also criticized. Actually, the word "bureaucracy in today's more likely as low efficiency of synonyms.The new public management modeIn the 1980s, the public sector is a traditional administrative pattern of new management methods of defects. This methodcan alleviate some of the problems of traditional pattern, also means that the public sector operation aspects has changed significantly. The new management method has many names: management of "individualism", "the new public administration", based on the market of public administration ", after the bureaucracy model "or" entrepreneurial government ". To the late 1990s, people tend to use "and the concept of new public administration". Although the new public management, but for many of the names of public management of department of actual changes happened, people still have a consensus. First, no matter what, it is called mode with traditional represents a significant change of public administration, different more attention and managers of the individual responsibility. Second, it is clear to get rid of the classical bureaucracy, thereby organization, personnel, term and conditions more flexible. Third, it stipulates the organization and personnel, and it can target according to the performance indicators measuring task completion. Also, to plan the assessment system for more than ever before, and also can be more strictly determine whether the government plans to achieve its objectives. Fourth, the senior executives are more likely to color with political government work, rather than independent or neutral. Fifth, the more likely the inspection by the market, buyers of public service provider and distinguish "helmsman, with the rower to distinguish". Government intervention is not always refers to the government by means of bureaucracy. Sixth, appeared through privatization and market means such as inspection, contract of government function reduce trend. In some cases, it is fundamental. Once happened during the transformation from the important changes to all connected with this, the continuity of the steps arenecessary.Holmes and Shand as a useful characteristics of generalization. They put the new public management paradigm, the good as management method has the following features: (1) it is a more strategic or structure of decision-making method (around the efficiency, quality and service). (2) decentralization type management environment replaced concentration level structure. The resource allocation and service delivery closer to supply, we can get more itself from the customers and related information and other interest groups. (3) can be more flexible to replace the method of public products supply directly, so as to provide cost savings of the policy. (4) concernedwith the responsibility, authority as the key link of improving performance, including emphasize clear performance contract mechanism. (5) in the public sector, and between internal to create a competitive environment. (6) strengthen the strategic decision-making ability, which can quickly, flexible and low cost to manage multiple interests outside change and the response.(7) by request relevant results and comprehensive cost reports to improve transparency and responsibility. (8) general service budget and management system to support and encourage the change.The new public management and realize a result that no one in the best way. Managers in endowed with responsibility and without being told to get results. Decision is a management job duties, if not for achieving goals, managers should assume responsibility.ConclusionThe government management over the past 150 years experienced three modes. First is the personification of modernadministrative mode, or when the pattern of its defects and increasingly exposed to improve efficiency, it is the second mode of traditional bureaucracy model is replaced. Similarly, when the traditional administrative mode problems, it is the third model is the new public management, from the government to alternative market. Since 1980s, the dominance of the market as the 1920s to 1960s dominant bureaucracy. In any kind of government, market and bureaucratic system are coexisting, just a form at some stage dominant, and in another stage of another kind of form, the dominant. The new public management is increasingly weakened and bureaucracy in the public administration field market dominant period.In reality, the market and bureaucracy, mutual complement each other. The new public management may not be completely replace the bureaucracy, as in 1989, the eastern Europe before bureaucracy could not instead of the market. But the new public management movement is early traditional bureaucracy, many functions can be and often by market now. In a bureaucracy system for organizational principle is weakened environment, market solutions will be launched. Of course not all market prescription can succeed, but this is not the issue. The government of new public management will be a toolbox dowsed solutions. If the scheme of the ineffective, the government will from the same source for other solutions. The theory behind the government management has already happened, we can use the term "paradigm" to describe it. In public administration academia, many of the new public management denial of critics. But their criticism of the government reform quickly. In the new public management mode, another a kind of new mode, but certainly not returned tothe traditional administrative pattern.新公共管理的现状毫无疑问,世界上许多国家,无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,在20世纪80年代后期和90年代初期都开始了一场持续的公共部门管理变革运动。
顾建光《公共管理英语》课文翻译
《公共管理英语》部分翻译(目前缺第四章、第六章、第七章翻译)第一章1Opening Administration to the Public政务公开得益于2001年11月16日生效的政府最近实施的邀请市民旁听政府会议的行政事务公开改革措施,安徽省蚌埠市的市民现在有机会参加市政府会议。
每次行政事务会议邀请10名市民参加。
邀请参加重要会议的人数是可以变化的。
这些旁听者可以是人大代表、政协委员、民主党派的要员、工商联代表及其他。
他们要至少18岁，并且愿意参加会议。
旁听者可以通过政府部门以书面形式发表他们的意见。
Increasing Transparency增加透明度在部分城市和农村的基础上，今年的上半年，广东省已要求村及村以上的政府行政事务都要公开。
所有有关法律、规章和公民必须遵循的政府决定，只要不涉及政党和中央政府的机密，都要向公众公开。
具体内容如下：经济社会发展战略，工作目标和它们的完成情况；重大决策和政策的主动过程；财政预算和执行情况；专用基金的分配和重要物资的购买；主要基本建设计划和它们的招投标；政府投资的公共福利项目；政府审批的项目及完成情况；政府向公众承事项的完成情况；有关公民、法人、组织权益的法律实施；重大事件的处理；-官员的选拔任用，公务员的录用，先进工作者的评价，员工调动的原则改革及公众关心的其他问题；政府机构的职能和官员的职责；工作内容、条件、流程和时间以及工作效果；工作原则，承担义务、对违反应承担义务的起诉方法及调查结果；Apart from opening administrative affairs to society, various de partments of the Guangdong Provincial Government have been required t o open their internal system construction, work operations and manage ment, specifically the self-discipline of officials; income and expen diture of the department; management of the human resources, distribu tion of income to workers and staff members as well as their welfare treatment; and other issues.除了向社会公开行政事务，广东省已经要求各政府部门公开机关内部结构，工作运转方式和管理情况，特别是官员的自律情况；部门的收入和经费开支情况，工作人员的收入分配和他们的福利待遇，以及其它事项。
《公共管理英语》部分课文翻译
《公共管理英语》部分翻译(目前缺第四章、第六章、第七章翻译，欢迎小伙伴们补充)第一章1Opening Administration to the Public政务公开Citizens of Bengbu City, Anhui Province, now have the opportunit y to be a visitor at municipal government meetings, thanks to the gov ernment’s recent efforts to open its administration-adopting the Mea sures for Inviting Citizens to Listen to the Administrative Meeting, which came into effect on December 16, 2001.得益于2001年11月16日生效的政府最近实施的邀请市民旁听政府会议的行政事务公开改革措施,安徽省蚌埠市的市民现在有机会参加市政府会议。
Ten citizens are invited to be present at each meeting on admini strative affairs. The number of citizen listeners invited to very imp ortant meeting can vary. The listeners can be deputies to the city’s people’s congress, members of the local committee of the Chinese Peo ple’s Political Consultative Conference, personages of democratic, m embers of the Association of Industry and Commerce and others. They m ust be at least 18 years of age, and willingly to be a visitor at the meeting.每次行政事务会议邀请10名市民参加。
《公共管理英语》部分课文翻译
Opening Administration to the Public政务公开Citizens of Bengbu City, Anhui Province, now have the opportunit y to be a visitor at municipal government meetings, thanks to the gov ernment’s recent efforts to open its administration-adopting the Mea sures for Inviting Citizens to Listen to the Administrative Meeting, which came into effect on December 16, 2001.得益于2001年11月16日生效的政府最近实施的邀请市民旁听政府会议的行政事务公开改革措施,安徽省蚌埠市的市民现在有机会参加市政府会议。
Ten citizens are invited to be present at each meeting on admini strative affairs. The number of citizen listeners invited to very imp ortant meeting can vary. The listeners can be deputies to the city’s people’s congress, members of the local committee of the Chinese Peo ple’s Political Consultative Conference, personages of democratic, m embers of the Association of Industry and Commerce and others. They m ust be at least 18 years of age, and willingly to be a visitor at the meeting.每次行政事务会议邀请10名市民参加。
公共管理学完整版英文翻译XN
Chapter 2课本第一章An Era of Change改变的年代、时代Introduction引言There has been a transformation（转化、变革) in the management of the public sectors of advanced countries.在发达国家的公共部门的管理已经有了一个变革.This new paradigm poses（形成，造成) a direct challenge to several of what had previously been regarded as fundamental principles of traditional public administration。
这个新的范例对几个原先被认为是传统公共行政的基础规则提出了直接挑战。
These seven seeming verities(真理）have been challenged。
这几个真理被挑战。
Economic problems in the 1980s meant governments reassessed（重新评估）their bureaucracies and demanded changes。
1980s的经济问题意味着政府重新评估他们的官僚制并且需要改变.All these points will be discussed at greater length（长度）later, but the main point is there has been total change in a profession that saw little change for around a hundred years.这些观点会在以后做更大范围的讨论,但是这里强调的主要是一点:一百年来很少发生变革的公共职业领域发生了全面变革.A new paradigm一个新的范例There is some debate over whether or not public managemnet，particularly the new public management, is a new paradigm for public sector management.有个争论，关于公共管理尤其是新的公共管理是不是公共部门管理的一个新的范例。
公共管理英语第9章翻译
第9章 China Seeks Peaceful Growth中国寻求和平发展在过去的25年，自从改革开放政策开始施行，中国取得了一系列新的重要成就。
中国在本世纪初进入了小康社会，并且现在正在努力建设全民小康的社会。
然而,中国现在所处的小康社会是范围狭小，失衡和低级的。
为了摆脱不发达状况，中国仍有很长一段路要走。
中国仍然是个面临一系列大问题的发展中国家。
在此,用二个简单的数学问题来说明这一点。
一个是乘法,一个是除法,二者都是数字游戏。
除法的关卡同样令人深思。
无论中国的财政和物质资源多么丰富,一旦被13亿除，人均水平都变的极端低下。
除法的关卡同样令人深思。
无论中国的财政和物质资源多么丰富,一旦被13亿除，人均水平都变的极端低下。
这13亿是中国的人口。
而且，我们尚未到达我们的人口峰顶.当它在2040年到达15亿时才会开始下降。
当然,我们不应该忽略事情积极的一面。
中国在过去25年里的改革开放的经历证明了它的劳动力、创造性、购买力、凝聚力和发展动力的巨大,以及它作为发展动力对世界的贡献。
Better Life for All全民的更好的生活因此，中国的成长和发展，包括消极和正面因素，归根结底都与13或15亿的数字不能分离。
在这个背景下，中国在经济，政治或者文化领域，以及有关国内，国外或者国防事务的努力，都是为了让它的13亿，甚至15亿人民获得舒适的生活。
我们永远不会松懈我们的努力,来给我们的人民带来更好，更富，更体面的生活。
即使当中国在本世纪中期到达较发达国家的水平，我们也将继续前进.这是所有中国人民，从领导到大众,都拥有的宏伟志向.仅仅是这个目标都将令这一代和下二个到三个世代的人民极度繁忙。
要将世界五分之一的人口的生活提升到高水平,这也是中国为人类进步而要承担的责任。
但中国应该怎样达到这样一个宏伟的目标？众所周知，这是个全世界都争论的话题。
我的论点是中国自身的成就已经和正在回答这个问题,并且将在未来用一个更令人信服的方式来回答它.一个背景事实是自从改革开放开始的这25年间,，中国开辟了一条不仅适合它的国情，而且符合时代浪潮的战略道路。
公共管理专业英语第一单元课文翻译
Lesson 1The Practice and Discipline of Public AdministrationSome Definitions公共行政，像许多人的努力，是很难界定的。
然而，我们有一种感觉它是什么，应该如何进行，虽然我们可能不同意深刻。
在某种程度上，这是因为公共管理涵盖了大量的活动。
公共管理工作的探索外层空间清扫街道。
一些政府公务人员是受过良好教育的专业人士，他们可能会在他们的专业领域的前沿，其他拥有不同的技能，他们从海量的风向标。
一些公共管理政策，在全国范围内的影响，并可能惠及亿万人，其他人几乎没有任何决策和责任进行世俗政府的任务，如文字处理，存档，并保持记录。
公共管理是医生，律师，科学家，工程师，会计师，budgeters，政策分析家，人事人员，管理人员，文员，keyboarders，体力劳动者和个人从事其他职业的主机和功能。
但我们知道公共管理做什么不能解决的问题，界定什么是公共管理。
乍一看，人们可能会倾向于公共管理的定义忽视的问题。
有人指出，前一段时间，任何一个段落或一个句子的公共管理的定义，必然要证明暂时的思维瘫痪*。
这是因为，公共管理作为一类是抽象的，多样的，它只能说是含糊，笼统，无定形的，有些竞争*。
然而，一些关注的定义是很重要的。
首先，有必要建立一般的界限，传达的纪律性和公共管理实践的主要问题。
第二，公共管理的定义可以放置在更广泛的政治，经济和社会背景*领域。
第三，考虑到公共管理的定义表明，有三个不同的领域的基本方法。
多年来学者和从业者强调，这些方法中的一种或另一种的趋势，促进了混乱，因为每个方法往往会强调不同的价值观，不同的组织安排，不同的方法发展信息，并从根本上截然不同的意见的公民个人。
人们可以找到各种各样的公共管理的定义，但下面是其中最严重和最有影响力的努力定义字段。
1。
“公共行政是政府行动的一部分，政府的宗旨和目标实现的手段，*。
”2。
“公共行政领域作为主要的手段实现政治价值观有关。
顾建光《公共管理英语》课文翻译
《公共管理英语》部分翻译(目前缺第四章、第六章、第七章翻译)第一章1Opening Administration to the Public政务公开得益于2001年11月16日生效的政府最近实施的邀请市民旁听政府会议的行政事务公开改革措施,安徽省蚌埠市的市民现在有机会参加市政府会议。
每次行政事务会议邀请10名市民参加。
邀请参加重要会议的人数是可以变化的。
这些旁听者可以是人大代表、政协委员、民主党派的要员、工商联代表及其他。
他们要至少18岁，并且愿意参加会议。
旁听者可以通过政府部门以书面形式发表他们的意见。
Increasing Transparency增加透明度在部分城市和农村的基础上，今年的上半年，广东省已要求村及村以上的政府行政事务都要公开。
所有有关法律、规章和公民必须遵循的政府决定，只要不涉及政党和中央政府的机密，都要向公众公开。
具体内容如下：经济社会发展战略，工作目标和它们的完成情况；重大决策和政策的主动过程；财政预算和执行情况；专用基金的分配和重要物资的购买；主要基本建设计划和它们的招投标；政府投资的公共福利项目；政府审批的项目及完成情况；政府向公众承事项的完成情况；有关公民、法人、组织权益的法律实施；重大事件的处理；-官员的选拔任用，公务员的录用，先进工作者的评价，员工调动的原则改革及公众关心的其他问题；政府机构的职能和官员的职责；工作内容、条件、流程和时间以及工作效果；工作原则，承担义务、对违反应承担义务的起诉方法及调查结果；Apart from opening administrative affairs to society, various departments of the Guangdong Provincial Government have been required to open their internal system constructi on, work operations and management, specifically the self-d iscipline of officials; income and expenditure of the depar tment; management of the human resources, distribution of i ncome to workers and staff members as well as their welfare treatment; and other issues.除了向社会公开行政事务，广东省已经要求各政府部门公开机关内部结构，工作运转方式和管理情况，特别是官员的自律情况；部门的收入和经费开支情况，工作人员的收入分配和他们的福利待遇，以及其它事项。
公共管理英语各单元全文翻译
公共管理英语各单元全文翻译公共管理英语各单元全文翻译Unit 1Opening Administration to the PublicCitizens of Bengbu City, Anhui Province, now have the opportunity to be a visitor at municipal(市政的) government meetings, thanks to the government's recent efforts to open its administration-adopting the Measures for Inviting Citizens to listen to the Administrative Meeting, which (生效，实施)on December 16, 2001. 安徽省蚌埠市的群众现在有机会出席旁听市政府的召开的会议了，这主要是得益于市政府最近采用并制定的开放式行政管理的措施而邀请市民出席旁听政府的一些行政管理方面的会议。
Ten citizens are invited to be present at each meeting on administrative affairs行政事务. The number of citizen listeners invited to very important meeting can vary. The listeners can be deputies(代表) to the city's people's congress, members of the local committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, personages(要人，名流) of democratic parties, members of the Association of Industry and Commerce and others. They must be at least 18 years of age, and willingly to be a visitor at the meeting.邀请出席每一次行政事务会议旁听的市民，受邀旁听市民的人数是根据会议的重要程度而定的。
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公共管理英语课文翻译Unit 10The Largest Recipient of Foreign Capital引资第一大国At the China Conference政治协商会上: The Year of Capital, held in Beijing on December 4, Shi Guangsheng石广生, Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Coo peration, said that in 2002, for the first time, China became the largest recipient接受者 of foreign direct investment (FDI)外商直接投资 in the world. He predicted that th is year's FDI in China would exceed $ 50 billion. 在12月4日于北京举行的“中国会议：资本年”上，外经贸部部长说，2002年中国第一次成为世界上吸收外国直接投资的“第一引资大国”。
据他预计，中国今年利用外国直接投资将超过50 0亿美元。
Shi noted that this achievement has been accomplished through positive, rational 理性的 and effective measures for utilizing foreign capital利用外资, under an overal l situation of opening. 石广生表示：这一成就的取得是与全面开放的情况下，积极、理性及有效地利用国外投资分不开的。
China has maintained a strong momentum in utilizing foreign capital中国在利用外资过程中保持一种强劲的动力, while the FDI was declining globally然而，直接利用外资在全球正呈下降趋势. Latest statistics from the Ministry of Foreign Trad e and Economic Cooperation (MOFTEC)对外贸易经济合作部的最新统计显示 sho w that by October 2002, the number of newly approved foreign-funded enterprises外资企业had reached 27,630, an increase of 35 percent over the same period of last yea r; contractual foreign capital hit契约性外资达 $ 75 billion, a rise of 36 percent: and a ctual use of foreign capital came to实际使用外资达 $ 44. 7 billion, up 20 percent. 中国在全球外资直接投资不断下降的情况下，中国依然保持着利用外资的强劲势头。
外经贸的最新统计数据显示：到2002年10月，新批准设立的外商投资企业达27630家，比去年同期增长35%；合同外商投资金额达750亿美元，增长36%；实际外商投资447亿美元，增长了20%。
"According to the latest UN world investment report, China has 排名第一among developing countries and regions for nine consecutive years连续九年 in terms of attracting foreign capital吸引外资," Shi said. He added that 400 of the worl d's top 500 corporations世界500强企业 have set up enterprises in China. Moreover, the number of research and development institutions established by foreign businesse s reached 400 in 2002, the number of foreign-funded enterprises totaled 420, 000, wit h contractual契约性foreign capital reaching $ 820.2 billion and actual use of foreign capital, $ 439.9 billion. “根据最新的联合国世界投资报告，中国已连续九年成为发展中国家及地区吸引外资的第一名。
”石广生说。
他补充说，在世界500强企业中，已有400家在中国开设公司。
而且，外国企业所建立的研究及发展机构也已经达到400家。
2002年，外商投资企业共有420000，合同外商投资金额达8202亿美元，实际外商投资4399亿美元。
At the same time, the industries and regional distributions分布 of foreign invest ment have been optimized使最优化. "Foreign investors have their focus the manufac turing sector basic industries, infrastructure facilities and hi-tech industries, as well as to central and western regions," Shi said. He noted that as the readjustment of internat ional industrial structures accelerated随着国际产业结构调整步伐地加快, foreign b usinesses have increased their investment in China, highlighting broadened scope扩大范围 and higher quality and level提高其质量与水平. China has become a priority for foreign investment. 同时，外商投资的工业及地区分布也已最优化。
“外国投资者已将他们的中心从制造业转移到基础工业，基础设施设备辅助高科技产业，同时也从中心地区向西部地区转移。
”石广生说。
他还提到，随着国际工业结构重新调整的加速，外国企业也增加了在中国的投资，辐射的区域更广阔，质量及档次有所提高。
中国已经成为外商投资的优先选择。
Promising Prospects前景光明A recent survey conducted by A.T. Kearney Inc., a global management consultan t firm一家全球性管理咨询公司, indicates that China has surpassed the United State s to become the most attractive destination for FDI. A.T.科尔尼公司，一个全球管理咨询公司的最新调查显示: 中国已经超过美国，成为最吸引外商直接投资的国家。
The survey shows that this year almost all countries experience a slide滑进 in F DI, except for China. The Chinese market has attracted more and more investors towa rd the country's economic prospects.Paul Laudicina, President of the Global Business Policy Council全球贸易政策委员会的总裁 of A. T. Kearney, said that China's increasing attractiveness can be attr ibuted to 归因于several key factors: A huge market with a population of 1.3 billion, l ong-term and rapid economic growth, stable political situation and favorable investme nt environment稳定地政治局面、良好的投资环境, as well as its WTO accession a nd Beijing's successful bid投标，出价to host the 2008 Olympic Games. A.T.科尔尼公司全球商业政策委员会主席保罗·劳迪西那称，中国持续增长的吸引力可以归于以下几个主要原因：13亿人口的巨大市场，长期快速的经济发展，稳定的政治环境，有利的投资环境，以及加入WTO和北京成功申办2008年奥运会。
He noted that China has become a primary choice of manufacturing enterprises t hroughout the world他指出中国已经成为全世界制造业首选的国家. At present, lar ge conglomerates聚集热心 setting up factories or joint ventures合资企业 in China, citing China’s advantage in raw materials and skilled laborers利用中国在原材料和熟练劳动力的优势. In addition, great potential in the financial, service and basic ind ustries and telecommunications, as well as wholesale and retail sale sectors批发零售部门, also lures吸引，引诱foreign capital. 他指出，中国已经成为制造业企业在全世界范围内的第一位选择。