2019高考英语考前冲刺精选：阅读理解(1)

2019高考英语考前冲刺精选：阅读理解（1）

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MostAmericanswouldhaveadifficulttimetellingyou，specifically，whatarethevalueswhichAmericansliveby.Theyhavenevergiventhematteranythought. OvertheyearsIhaveintroducedthousandsofinternationalvisitorstolifeintheUnitedSta tes.ThishascausedmetotrytolookatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitors.Iamcon fidentthatthevalueslistedinthisbookletdescribemost(butnotall)Americans，andthatunderstandingthesevaluescanhelpyou，theinternationalvisitor，understandAmericans. Itismybeliefthatifforeignvisitorsreallyunderstandhowdeeplythese13valuesareingra inedinAmericans，theywillthenbeabletounderstand95%ofAmericanactions—actionswhichmightotherwiseappear“strange”，“confusing”，or“unbelievable”whenevaluatedfromtheperspective(aspect)oftheforeigner’sownsocietyanditsvalues. Thedifferentbehaviorsofapeopleoraculturemakesenseonlywhenseenthroughthebasicbel iefs，assumptionsandvaluesofthatparticulargroup.Whenyouencounter(meet)anaction，orhearastatementintheUnitedStateswhichsurprisesyou，trytoseeitasanexpressionofoneormoreofthevalueslistedinthisbooklet.

1、AnordinaryAmericancan’ttellyouhis/hervaluesystembecause________.

A、thisissomethinganAmericanlivesby

B、everyonewillhavehis/herownvaluesystem

C、he/shehasneverthoughtaboutit

D、valuesaresomethingoftenintheirthought

2、Theauthorlists13valuesinhisbookletto________.

A、inviteforeignerstovisitAmerica

B、lookatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitors

C、describetheconfusingactionsofmostAmericans

D、helpinternationalvisitorsunderstandAmericans

3、Theunderlinedword“ingrained”inLine2，Paragraph3mostprobablymeans“________”、

A、rootedintheminds

B、foundinthegrains

C、plantedforfood

D、preparedwithgrain

4、VisitorssometimesfindAmericansbehaveinastrange，confusingorunbelievableway，probablybecause________.

A、Americansarehardtounderstand

B、Americanshavevalueswhichareentirelydifferentfromtheirown

C、theyviewAmericansaccordingtothevaluesintheirownsociety

D、itisdifficulttounderstandanypeoplewhenyoufirstencounterthem

【解题导语】本文是一本书的序言。作者观察到，很多外国游客对美国人的行为举止感到很奇怪，而这是因为他们不了解美国人的价值观。于是作者写了一本小册子介绍这些价值观。了解了这些东西，人们就不会觉得美国人的行为“怪异、不可思议”了。

1.答案C解析：考查细节理解。第一段说，美国人很难告诉你他们奉行的价值观是什么，因为他们从来没有想过这个问题。

2.答案D解析：考查推理判断。由第【二】三段的内容可知作者列出美国人的13条价值观是为了帮助外国游客理解美国人的行为举止。

3.答案A解析：考查词义猜测。结合上下文内容可知这13条是美国人从来不加考虑而奉行

的价值观，因此这些是深深地扎根于美国人的大脑中的东西，画线词的含义应该是A项。

4.答案C解析：考查推理判断题。第三段说假如外国游客从自己的文化价值观的角度去看美国人的行为，他们就会觉得美国人的行为表现“怪异，让人看不懂，难以相信”，由此可知选C项。

PassageB(2017年浙江金丽衢十二校联考) TheaverageAmericanwillhavethreetofivecareers,10to12jobs，andwillholdeachoneforanaverageof3.5yearsthroughouthisorherlifetime，accordingtotheU、S.DepartmentofLabor.Doesthissoundfamiliar?Areyoustillstrugglingtofindtheidealca reer?

Finding_your_dream_job_may_be_as_simple_as_opening_that_bag_of_potato_chips_in_ your_kitchen_cupboard.AstudyconductedbyAlanHirsch，neurologicaldirectoroftheSmell&TasteTreatmentandResearchFoundation，Chicago，foundthatjobsatisfactioniscorrelatedtoyourfavoritesnack.“Aperson’sjobselectionreflectshisessentialessenceandhispersonality，”hemaintains.“Foodchoices—likeselectionsofclothing，movies，andspouses—canprovideinsightinpersonalityandcharacterstructure.Thus，thetypicalpersonalitytraitsassociatedwithsnackpreferencescanbeusedtohelppredict occupationalchoices，becauseaperson’sjobselectionalsoreflectshisessentialessenceandhispersonality.”Peoplewhochoosepotatochipstosatisfytheirsnackingurgeshavehighexpectationsnotonl yforthemselves，petitive.Theyusuallycomeoutontopinbusiness，sports，andsocialsituations.(Lawyer，tennisplayer，policeofficer，CEO)

Formal，alwaysproper，conscientious，andprincipled.Peoplewhocravecheesecurlshaveawell­developedsenseofintegrityandmaintainthemoralhighgroundwiththeirfamily，coworkers，andromanticpartners.Theyplanaheadforanypossiblecatastrophe.Withband­aidsandbatteries，thecheesecurllover’shouseisalwaysstockedandready.(Realestateagent，psychiatrist(精神病医师)，producer)

Self­assuredandconfident，thosewhopreferpopcornarebestdescribedastake­chargesortofpeople.Theywillnothesitatetoassumeextraworkonthejobortakeonchoresat socialgatherings.Eventhoughtheyareself­confident，popcornloversaremodestandhumble，andwouldneverbeconsideredshowoffs.Popcornbuffsarehiddensuccesses.(Teacher，artist，truckdriver，nurse，judge，neurosurgeon)

1、Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Snackpreferencemayreflectone’spersonalityandcharacterstructure.

B.Snackpreferencemaypredictone’scareerchoice.

C.Peopleindifferentcareersmaypreferdifferentsnacks.

D.Foodchoicesarejustlikeone’sselectionofclothing，movies，andspouses.

2、Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphimpliesthat________.

A.asnackloverismorelikelytofindhisdreamjob