口腔学英文课件：Principles of Tooth Preparation
口腔学英文课件：Etiology_and_pathogenesis
fluoride ions b. Acts as a semi-permeable membrane.
(imp in demineralisation- remineralisation, allows ion exchange) c. Restricts diffusion of acids - protects enamel from minor acid attack d. Lubricant - can protect tooth from wear e. Antibacterial factors – IgA, Lysozyme
What is the ‘white stuff’ present on the labial surfaces of the lower anterior eeth?
How does the white stuff form ?
Why are the labial surfaces of the teeth partly brown ?
the majority of oral bacteria) Mucosa (K, non-K) teeth (non-shedding area) gingival crevice, saliva (contains up to 108 bacteria/ml), tonsils. Prosthodontic and orthodontic appliances
Periodontology
Etiology of periodontal diseases
Bacteria exist in different shapes
口腔学英文课件：The post and core
• laboratory testing has confirmed that parallel-sided posts are more retentive than tapered posts and that threaded posts are the most retentive .
• Thus, it is easier to achieve a satisfactory margin for post and then for crown.
• An added benefit is that it is possible to fabricate a replacement crown, if necessary, without the need for post removal.
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Anterior teeth
• Post retention is affected by the preparation geometry post length, post diameter, post surface texture, and the kiting agent.
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Preparation geometry
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• premolar post and core
• RCT,Preparation→glass fiber posts →resin coห้องสมุดไป่ตู้e
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• A cast post and core needs to be slightly undersized compared with the canal to achieve optimal internal seating, whereas the crown needs to be slightly larger to achieve optimal seating .
牙备单冠英文
Situations where a more conservative restoration would suffice Caries extends gingivally such that a finish line cannot be done Patients who desire that no gold show
Crown Preparation Mandibular Molar
Pre-Preparation Procedures
Diagnose disease Eliminate pain/temporize Treat periodontal disease and modify if necessary Cleanout caries and old restorative material Determine pulpal status and treat if necessary Diagnostic wax-up if indicated Make stent for use in making temporary restoration
Insufficient tooth structure remains to retain an intracoronal restoration or partial veneer preparation Significant defective axial tooth structure
Opposing Wall Taper
External
Internal
Retention & Taper
6 degree taper
Retention is significantly reduced with increasing occlusal taper
口腔学英文课件：introduction
★ The clinical significance of color of oral materials
- Aesthetic denture materials must have light transmission performance.
- Color must be considered when the color of the surrounding environment.
2. Filling and tooth difference of thermal expansion coefficient has an effect on treatment effect. 充填体与牙体热膨胀系数的差别对于治疗效果有影响。
Physical properties (物理性能)
(四) By application site
1. Implanted to body 2. Non-implanted to body
standardization
Production
Standard
Application
Organizations of Standardization for oral materials
Crown（enamel） Root（dentin） glass ionomer cement
Dentin
Gold alloy Amalgam Ti-alloy Cobalt-chromium alloy 钴铬合金
LEC 11.4 8.3 10.2～11.4
8.3 12～15.5 22～28
12.4 14.1-14.7
Classification
(二) By application
口腔医学英语讲义PPT医学课件
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Periodontal ligament 牙周韧带功能
Sensory 感觉动能 丰富的神经和末梢感受器 对疼痛和压力、轻叩和震动有敏锐的感觉 通过神经系统的传导和 Nutrition 营养作用 营养牙周膜本身，也营养牙骨质和牙槽骨 Homeostatic 形成功能 不断更新改建牙周膜 保证牙和牙周膜的正常附着联系
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斜行组 oblique group 牙周膜中数量最多、力量最强的一组纤维 向根方倾斜约45度 这种结构可均匀分散咀嚼压力到牙槽骨上 限制牙的转动
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根尖组 apical group 固定牙根尖，保护进出根尖孔的血管和神经 根间组 interradicular group 只存在于多根牙 防止牙根向冠方移动
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Periodontal ligament
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Development of tooth
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Process
Beginning 胚胎第7周 Finish Eruption Replacement 20 岁
Growth stage: （牙胚的形成和发育） Calcification: （牙体硬组织的形成） Eruption stage: （牙的萌出）
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The epithelium(上皮) thickens in a U-shape band in the area of the future alveolar processes(牙槽突）
Form primary epithelium band(原发性上皮带)
Differentiate into Vestibular lamina(前庭板) and Dental lamina(牙板) thicken Dental lamina(牙板) . 牙胚
牙科牙科专业小英语教程课件
牙科牙科专业小英语教程课件本文由佟岩东贡献牙科专业小英语颊面腭面远中面切端前牙侧切牙后牙第一双尖牙磨牙第二磨牙覆牙合缺失牙颜色金属牙合面缓冲(离开) 工作模参考模分开烤瓷桥胶托类全口腔胶托半口胶托局部胶托钢丝卡环个别托盘胶托修理衬垫胶托加网钢托类钢托舌杆连续卡环舌板半口胶托马蹄形Buccal 舌面 Lingual Palatal 近中面 Mesial Distal 牙合面 Oeclusal Incisal 颈部Neck Anterior 中切牙 Central Latral 尖牙 Canine/cuspid Posterior 双尖牙 Pre-MolarFirst Prc-Molar 第二双尖牙 Second Pre-Molar Molar 第一磨牙 First Molar Second Molar 智慧牙 Wisdom Over Bite 覆盖 Over Jet Pontic 牙模Model Shade 形态 Shape/AnatomyMetal Occlusal 金属舌面 Metal Backing Relief 牙合架 Articulator Master Model 对牙合模 Opposite Model Study Model 连接模 Splint/Joint/Connect Separate 烤瓷冠 CMCCMBFull / Full Acrylic Denture ,F/F Full Upper or Lower Acrylic Denture Partial AcrylicDenture ,P/-or -/p S.S.Wire Clasp 钢丝牙合支托 S.S. Rest Special Tray,S/T 蜡堤 BiteBlock Repair 软胶 Soft Lining Reline 弹性义齿 Flexible Denture / Valplast Add Mesh Cobalt-Chrome Centure/Vatallium Partial Denture(美式)UPD/LPD 腭板 Lingual BarPalatal Plate 牙合支托 Continue Clasp/Kennedy Clasp Occlusal Rest 上半口网状钢Lingual Plate Full Upper Mesh 钢托上加钢牙 Full Upper or Lower Denture Dummy 前后杆 Horse Shoe Double Bar / Ant .&; Post .Bar烤瓷类贵金属烤瓷半贵金属烤瓷非贵金属烤瓷Porcelain on Precious Alloy Porcelain on S/P(Semi-Precious)Porcelain on N.P.(Non-Precious)玛利兰桥桩核瓷贴面全瓷冠瓷边涂金粉金属边桩连冠透明的Maryland Bridge 嵌体 Inlay Post 高嵌体 Onlay Porcelain Veneer / Porcelain 假牙龈/牙肉 Gum Porcelain Full Ceramic Crown(In-ceram) PorcelainMargin/Porcelain ShoulderGold Plating 金属冠 Full Metal Crown Metal Margin 种植牙 ImplantPost Crown/Down Crown 通透性的 Transparent Translucent 不透明的 Opacity 在论坛发现的——摘自《口腔临床英语会话集》一( At the registration挂号 1. What canI do for you? 2. What is wrong with you? 3. Do you want to see a dentist? 4. Whichspeciality do you want to register with? 您要挂哪个科的号, 5. Do you want to have your tooth pulled ( tooth filled )? 您要拔牙补牙吗, 6. For a filling? A denture? Or a cleaning? 补牙,镶牙,还是洁牙, 7. Is this your first visit to this dental clinic? 8. May I have your address, telephone number, age and occupation, please?请告诉我您的地址，电话号码，年龄，职业。
(口腔科学课件)5.2Toothextraction英语局麻拔牙12
重庆医科大学 附属第一医院 口腔頜面外科 硕士研究生导师
李雅冬
labial
palatal
Dental elevator（牙挺）
Desmotomes（牙龈分离器）
Desmotomes are used to sever the soft tissue attachment.
Retained deciduous(滞留乳牙)
The need for treatment治疗需要
• preorthodontic正畸前
Patient will undergo orthodontic because of crowded dentition
• Preprosthetic修复前、preradiotherapy放 疗前
The tooth interfere with the design of prosthetic or radiotherapy
preorthodontic
Preprosthetic
Endo-perio lesion tooth(病灶牙)
（二）contraindications禁忌症
1. Haematological disorders血液系统疾病 2. Cardiovascular diseases心血管系统疾病 3. Diabetes mellitus糖尿病 4. Thyrotoxicosis甲亢 5. Renal diseases肾脏、liver diseases肝脏疾病 6. Menstrual period月经pregnancy妊娠期 7. Acute infection急性炎症期 8. Malignant tumor恶性肿瘤
normal
口腔学英文课件：Dental Ceramics
Restoration effect
4. Alumina-based glass-infiltrated ceramic
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Microstructure
Production process
The partially sintered alumina grinding
Porous core crown glass-infiltrated
under room temperature
All-ceramic making systems 3M ESPE Lava system Dentsply Cercon system Noble Biocare Procera system Kavo Everest system
Mechanical property comparing with other ceramics
Properties of porcelain-fused-tometal materials
1. Both strength of metal and beautiful of porcelain 2. Realistic color, appearance and stable 3. Smooth surface, strong wearability 4. Not easily deformed 5. Certain corrosion resistance 6. Permanent restoration
- Ceramic denture teeth 成品义齿瓷牙
Porcelain-fusedto-metal materials
Conception
Porcelain materials refer to the ceramic materials that use to make porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations (crown and bridge). It is ceramic-metal system that the low fusing porcelain powder fused to metal crown.
口腔医学英语讲义医学课件
口腔医学英语讲义医学课件xx年xx月xx日contents •口腔医学概述•口腔解剖与生理•口腔常见疾病•口腔医学诊疗技术•口腔保健与护理•未来口腔医学发展趋势目录01口腔医学概述1口腔医学的定义与特点23口腔医学是一门研究口腔疾病和口腔保健的医学专业。
它具有独特的特征，包括发病部位直观性、治疗手段多样性和预防保健综合性等。
口腔医学在医学领域中具有重要地位，与人类健康和生活质量密切相关。
口腔医学在医学领域的重要性口腔疾病不仅影响咀嚼、发音、吞咽等基本生理功能，还可能引起全身感染和脏器损伤。
口腔医学通过治疗口腔疾病，改善患者生活质量，减轻社会负担。
口腔健康是全身健康的重要组成部分。
03工业革命后，口腔医学得到了进一步发展，包括牙科材料、技术和设备的不断更新。
口腔医学的历史与发展01口腔医学最早起源于古代文明，如古埃及、古希腊和古罗马文明。
02中世纪时期，欧洲开始出现专业的牙科医生，并开始治疗牙齿和颌面部疾病。
口腔医学的主要分支主要涉及龋齿、牙周病、黏膜病、牙齿敏感等口腔疾病的诊断和治疗。
口腔内科口腔外科口腔修复学口腔正畸学主要涉及颌面部外伤、骨折、肿瘤、囊肿等颌面部疾病的诊断和治疗。
主要涉及牙齿缺损、缺失的修复，包括烤瓷牙、全瓷牙、种植牙等技术。
主要涉及牙齿排列不齐、畸形、咬合紊乱等畸形的矫正和治疗。
02口腔解剖与生理口腔的解剖结构口腔前庭包括唇、颊、腭、口底和口腔前庭沟等结构。
固有口腔上腭、下腭和口腔壁等结构组成。
牙齿及牙周组织包括牙冠、牙根和牙周组织等结构。
010203言语和发音口腔与发音器官协同作用，产生言语和发音。
咀嚼和吞咽口腔是消化系统的入口，通过咀嚼食物使其变得易于吞咽。
呼吸功能口腔参与呼吸过程，通过舌头和嘴唇的协同作用实现呼吸。
口腔的生理功能口腔与全身健康的关系口腔感染与全身疾病口腔感染可能引起败血症、心内膜炎等全身疾病。
口腔健康与心血管健康口腔感染与心血管疾病之间存在关联。
口腔健康与糖尿病口腔感染可能导致糖尿病，控制口腔感染有助于控制血糖。
（口腔科学课件）1.（网英文）龋病2016
ZOE, ZOP, silver amalgam……
cavity preparation
filling
7.prevention
• checking once a year
prevention
• pit and fissure sealing
characterstic
•the high incidence : 40-65% ↑ •a multifactorial disease •a chronic disease •hard tissues of tooth: (enamel,cementum,dentin) •an irreversible decay
1) pits and fissures of molars and bicuspids, 2) buccal and labial surfaces near the gingival line, 3) proximal surfaces that lie in the areas between the contact point and the gum.
√ Time
Certain time is needed for the carious process
Tetra-factor hypothesis
Host &t源自othmicroorganisms
caries
substrate
The four circle diagrammatically represent the parameters involved in the carious process. All four factors must be acting concurrently (overlapping of the circles) for caries to occur.
大学生口腔英语课件
Patient: No.
2 Preparations---Dialogue
Doctor: That’s good. Now I’ll you an injection. Please open your mouth as wide as you can.
It has a big cavity and the pulp is exposed.
2. What diagnosis dose the doctor give? It is too bad to be filled any more. It should be extracted.
3. What should the patient do after extracting the tooth?
将头靠在后面的椅子上，张开嘴。
Doctor: Oh, I see it. It has a big cavity and the pulp is exposed.
有一个大空洞，而且已经漏神经了。
Patient: Should it be filled?
2 Preparations---Dialogue
Doctor: Come in, please. What is your trouble? Patient: I have a bad tooth that bothers me often. It’s terrible.
我有一颗虫牙，经常困扰我。
Doctor: How long have you had this trouble?
炎症可以通过口腔本身条件引起如由于不良的口腔卫生习惯饮食中蛋白质的缺乏不合适的假牙或过热的食物或饮料有毒植物
口腔解剖生理学之国外PPTMANDIBULAR FIRST PREMOLAR下颌
centered over the root.
Prof. A. El- Sahn
The Mesial Aspect The Crown
B
The lingual cusp is shorter than the buccal cusp by about one third of the crown length, which is from the cervical line buccally to the tip of the buccal cusp.
The Lingual Aspect
The Crown
The crown tapers lingually, so the
lingual side is narrower than the
buccal side.
Prof. A. El- Sahn
The Lingual Aspect
2\3
The Crown
The cervical line:
Is slightly convex towards the root.
Prof. A. El- Sahn
Buccal Aspect The Root
The single root is convex on its buccal surface and tapers gradually to a near - ly pointed apex.
The Crown
The mesial and distal outlines are slightly concave between the cervical line and the contact areas.
The contact areas and marginal ridges are pronounced and extend out above the narrow cervical portion of the crown.
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Prevention of Damage during Tooth Preparation
Adjacent teeth
• Damage in Adjacent teeth is easier to dental caries than was the original undamaged tooth
• Tooth preparations must account for the structure of the dental pulp chamber. Pulp size, you can do an X-ray film before.Decreases with age, Up to about age 50, it decreases more .
• Great care is needed to protect the tongue when the lingual surfaces of mandibular molars are being prepared.
Pulp
• Great care also is needed to prevent pulpal injuries during fixed prosthodontic procedures, especially complete crown preparation. Pulpal degeneration that occurs many years after tooth preparation has been documented. Extreme temperatures, chemical irritation, or microorganisms can cause .
Principles of Tooth Preparation
(牙体预备的原则)
preface(前言)
1. Reasons of dental defects or dentition defects: caries, trauma, or wear... 2. Restorative materials must be used to reestablish form and function. 3. Teeth require preparation to receive restorations, and these preparations must be based on fundamental principles from which basic criteria can bedeveloped to help predict the Success of prosthodontic treatment. 4. Careful attention to every detail is imperative during tooth preparation.A good preparation ensures that subsequent techniques (e.g., interim fabrication, impression making, pouring of dies and casts, waxing) can be accomplished.
The principles of tooth preparation may be divided into three broad categories:
• 1. Biologic considerations, which affect the health of the oral tissues.
BIOLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS
• Surgical procedures involving living tissues must becarefully executed to avoid unnecessary damage.The adjacent teeth, soft tissues, and the pulp of the tooth being prepared are easily damaged in tooth preparation.
• 2. Mechanical considerations, which affect the integrity and durability of the restoration.
• 3. Esthetic considerations, which affect the appearance of the patient.
Causes of injury
• Temperature • Chemical action • Bacterial action
• So the technique of tooth preparation must avoid and prevent damage to the adjacent tooth surfaces.
Soft tissues
• Damage to the soft tissues of the tongue and cheeks can be prevented by careful retraction with an aspirator tip(吸唾管), mouth mirror or flanged saliva ejector.
• If poor preparation leads to inadequate marginal fit or deficient crown contour, plaque control around fixed restorations becomes more difficult. This impedes the long-term maintenance of dental health.