听力记笔记时常用的符号

Symbols:

Most symbols are taken from mathematics. Some of the most useful are given

in the list below. Note the variety of meanings that one symbol can convey,

and that those pressing a verb or verb phrase do not show tense.

+ and, plus

－less, minus

= is, equals, consists of, is the same as, there is

≠is not, does not equal, does not consist of, is

different from

≡is equivalent to

> is greater than, is more than, is over

< is less than

→gives, produces, leads to, provides, results in, is

re-written as

←is given by, is produced by, results from, comes

from

↗rises, increases by, grows to/by

↘falls, decreases by, declines

∴therefore, so

∵because, as, since

@ at

: indicates example(s) following

( ) used around explanation of a point

°degrees

' minutes, feet

" inches or ditto marks - i.e. repeat the word above

BUT but, however, although

Abbreviations:

pl. plate

pred. predict

prob. problem

pt point

reg. regular

r m room

sev. several

shd should

simul, simultaneously, at the

same time

soc. society, social

sol. solution

stim. stimulus

temp. 1. temperature

2. temporary

tens. tension

trop. tropic

typ. typical

usu. usual(ly)

wd would

缩略词原词

APT Apartment

ACC Accountant

ACDG According

ACPT Accept

AD Advertisement

ADS Address

ADV Advice

AMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount

APV Approve

ASAP As soon as possible

BAL Balance

BLDG Building

CERT Certificate

CFM Conform

CNCL Cancel

CNF Conference

CMI Commission

CMP Complete

CMPE Compete/competitive

CMU Communication

CONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition

CO. Company

DEPT Department

DISC Discount

DPT Departure

EXCH Exchange

EXPLN Explain

EXT Extent

FLT Flight

FNT Final

FRT Freight

FYR For your reference

GD Good

GUAR Guarantee H.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS Impossible IMP(T) Important INCD Include INDIV Individual INS Insurance INTST Interested

I/O In stead of IOU I owe you IVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL Model MEMO Memorandum MGR Manger

MIN Minimum MKT Market

MSG Message NCRY Necessary NLT No later than OBS Observe

OBT Obtain

ORD Ordinary PAT Patent

PC Piece

PKG Packing

PL People

PLS Please POSN Position POSS(BL) Possible PROD Product QLTY Quality QUTY Quantity RCV Receive

REF Reference REGL Regular

REP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC Section

SITN Situation