分词与从句转换
状语从句与分词作状语的转换[指南]
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状语从句与分词作状语的转换时间、原因等状语从句可以转换成分词作状语，但这种转换是有条件的，也有一定的规律可循。
一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。
如：They did not go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of work to do．由于从句的主语与主句的主语都是they，可以把从句中because和they去掉，把had变成having，即成现在分词短语作原因状语：Having a lot of work to do，they did not go to the Summer Palace．二、从句如果表示主动、完成，进行的动作，则转换成现在分词；如果表示被动，则转换成过去分词。
1．When he heard a cry for help，he rushed out．从句中，he was与heard是主动关系，表示“他听见”。
则可变成现在分词作时间状语。
Hearing a cry for help，he rushed out．2．The boy Cater went up to his teacher and said“sorry”because he was great-ly touched by his words．从句中，he was touched是被动关系，是“孩子被深深地触动了”，则变成过去分词作原因状语。
Greatlytouched by his teacher's words，the boy laterwent up to him and said“sorry”．三、如果从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，该怎么办？请看下例：1．As the heroes' deeds moved them deeply，they decided to study even harder．句中，主句的主语是they，而从句主语是the heroes'deeds，主语不一致，这时可以把从句变换一下句型，变成被动语态。
高考重难点语法-定语从句和分词短语的转化
定语从句与分词短语的转换英语的表达方式是非常灵活而又多种多样的。
人们常常用各种不同的形式、措辞去表示同一个意思。
英语定语从句与分词短语的转换就是其中之一，这就是说，在表达同一个意思时常可用定语从句和分词短语两种不同的表达方式。
然而，我们不能见到定语从句，就可随意将其改为分词短语作定语的句子，而要视情况而定。
以下从三个方面对定语从句与分词短语的转换作些介绍。
主动式定语从句与分词短语的转换在主动式定语从句中，如关系代词作从句中的主语，其谓语是一个行为动词时，在以下情况下，一般都可转换为相应的分词短语。
a.定语从句的谓语动词和主句的谓语动词在时间上是一致的，这主要见于两种情况:一是主从句的谓语动词都是一般过去时二是主从句的谓语动词都是一般现在时例如:He used to live in the house which faced south.→ He used to live in the house facing south .他过去常常住在面向南里的那间房The students who study here are mostly from peasant families.→ The students studying here are mostly from peasant families.在这里学习的学生大部分是农民家庭出身。
b.从句的谓语动词是进行时态，主句的谓语动词可以是一般现在时、过去时或其他时态。
例如:The man that is talking with Mary is my brother.→ The man talkin g with Mary is my brother .跟玛丽谈话的那个人是我哥哥Come tomorrow and show your visa to the man who will be at that desk.→ Come tomorrow and show your visa to the man sitting at that desk .你明天来，把你的签证给坐在那个桌子边的那个人看看。
分词和定语从句的切换
1电在人们日常生活中得到广泛应用，因为它便于输送和转换为其它形式。
Electricity, which can be easily transmitted and changed into other forms of energy, has found wide application in daily life.Easily transmitted and changed into other forms of energy, Electricity has found wide application in our daily life.2因为在底特律可以筹集到建造机器所需的资金，所以Tom向妻子建议搬回底特律住。
Tom suggested to his wife that they move back to Detroit where he could get the necessary money to build his machine.Capable of raising fund for the construction of the machine in Detroit, Tom suggested to his wife that they move back there.3西方看到了几颗星星，小镇的灯光没能使它们暗淡。
H e could see a few stars to the west, where the lights of the town didn’t blur them out.Not blurred out by the lights of the town, stars could be seen to the west.4由于我们未能及时发货给你方造成了不便，我方表示歉意。
We apologize for the inconvenience on you that has been caused by our delay in delivery. Causing you inconvenience for the late delivery, we apologize for it.5他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太讲话，因为她现在异常无礼，令人厌烦。
分词做定语和状语与定语从句和状语从句的转换12 1
• 分词短语作定语与定语从句之间的转换 • 分词短语作状语与状语从句之间的转换
分词短语作定语与定语从句 之间的转换
• The meeting held last week is very important. • =The meeting which was held last week is very important. • 过去分词短语作定语，表被动
• Tell the boy playing there not to make loud noise. • =Tell the boy who is playing there not to make loud noise。 • 现在分词短语作定语，表主动且动作正在进行.
• 练习题：32E 1，4，6，9，12
• 主语+think/find/consider+it(形式宾语）+不 定式/宾语从句（真正宾语）
It的其他结构
• It seems that John is not coming er all.
• =John doesn’t seem to be coming after all.
• It seems +表语从句 • =表语从句主语+seem+不定式做表语
• The house standing on the corner of the street was built in 1955.
• =The house which stands on the corner of the street was built in 1955
• 现在分词短语作定语，表主动
11 醉翁亭记
1．反复朗读并背诵课文，培养文言语感。
现在分词与定语从句转换-推荐下载
(2) 形容词 + 介词 +doing sth Be busy in doing ; be occupied in; be interested in ; be responsible for doing sth..
(3) 主语+ have + fun\ pleasure \a good time\ trouble \ difficulty \ problem in doing sth ;have no hesitation in doing sth
occupied in doing sth;
(2)Sth need \ require\ want doing
(3) allow\ permit\forbid\advice doing sth
(4) 练习
<a> The light in the office is still on. He forgot
Can’t
stand doing sth; devote to doing sth; look forward to doing sth, stick to doing sth;
be
used to doing sth,
object to doing sth; be busy in doing sth; adapt to doing sth; be
动名词和现在分词的用法
Doing (1)
【内容】
(1) 动名词和现在分词
(2) 现在分词与过去分词对比应用：状语， 表语， 伴随或方式， 原因，条件，让步等
(3) 现在分词作定语时与定于从句之间的转化。
(4) 现在分词作状语与状语从句的转化。
一． 动名词：
状语从句和分词作状语的转换
状语从句与分词作状语的转换时间、原因等状语从句可以转换成分词作状语，但这种转换是有条件的，也有一定的规律可循。
一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。
如：They did not go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of work to do．由于从句的主语与主句的主语都是they，可以把从句中because和they去掉，把had变成having，即成现在分词短语作原因状语：Having a lot of work to do，they did not go to the Summer Palace．二、从句如果表示主动、完成，进行的动作，则转换成现在分词；如果表示被动，则转换成过去分词。
1．When he heard a cry for help，he rushed out．从句中，he was与heard是主动关系，表示“他听见”。
则可变成现在分词作时间状语。
Hearing a cry for help，he rushed out．2．The boy Cater went up to his teacher and said“sorry”because he was great-ly touched by his words．从句中，he was touched是被动关系，是“孩子被深深地触动了”，则变成过去分词作原因状语。
Greatly touched by his teacher's words，the boy laterwent up to him and said“sorry”．三、如果从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，该怎么办？请看下例：1．As the heroes' deeds moved them deeply，they decided to study even harder．句中，主句的主语是they，而从句主语是the heroes'deeds，主语不一致，这时可以把从句变换一下句型，变成被动语态。
如何用分词来简化状语从句
如何用分词来简化状语从句在使用英语时，有一个规则：能使用短语时不用句子，能用单个词时不用短语。
因此，有些从句在实际应用时，有些可以可以简化成短语。
下面先讲讲义中出现过的时间状语、原因状语和条件状语的简化情况。
情形一：从句主语和主句主语一致步骤：去（从句）连词—去（从句）主语—（从句）谓语变分词时间状语从句1、以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句，谓语动词是主动语态时，如果从句谓语动词所表示的动作是与主句谓语同时发生，可简化为现在分词的一般式；如果从句谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语之前，则可简化为现在分词的完成式。
When we heard (=When hearing/Hearing)the teacher's pleasant talk to us, we began to feel comfortable.While Mary was standing(While standing/Standing) in front of the teacher, she(Mary) was very nervous.状语从句的谓语动词是被动语态时，可简化为过去分词。
When ／If it is heated to a high temperature(=Heated to a high temperature)，water will change into steam．If we are given(=Given) more time, we can do the work better.If the city is seen(=Seen) from the mountain, it（the city）looks very beautiful.2、以after,before引导的状语从句可用after,before+从句谓语动词的动名词（短语）形式构成介词短语作状语。
分词短语与定语从句 状语从句的转换
The students studying here are mostly from peasant familiesThe students who study here are mostly from peasant families在这里学习的学生大部分是农民家庭出身。
风庆轮航行32，000海里后，胜利地返回上海。
风庆轮是中国制造的并且完全是中国装备的一艘轮船。
The man talking with Mary is my brother．跟玛丽谈话的那个人是我哥哥。
This is a book written by a worker.This is a book that is written by a worker.这是工人写的一本书。
Arriving at the village, she saw several machines working in the fields．When she arrived at the village，she saw several machines working in the fields．到达村庄时，她看见几台机器在田间工作。
I learned a lot while working in the countryside．I learned a lot while I worked in the countryside．，我在农村劳动时学了许多东西。
Since you are a Party member，you should set an example an example to others．Being a Party member, you should set an example an example to others．你是个党员，就应该给别人树立个榜样。
Listening to the Party，you will certainly succeed．你如果听党的话，肯定会成功。
定语从句的引导词及句式转换
定语从句的引导词及句式转换定语从句是英语语法中一个重要的句子结构，用于修饰名词或代词。
在句子中，定语从句通常由引导词引导，可以用不同的句式进行转换。
下面将介绍定语从句的引导词及句式转换。
一、引导词：1. 关系代词：关系代词在定语从句中可以作为主语、宾语或介词的宾语。
常见的关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which, that。
例句1：The person who is talking to my teacher is my father.（主语）例句2：The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.（宾语）例句3：This is the girl whose brother is a famous actor.（介词的宾语）2. 关系副词：关系副词在定语从句中一般作状语，修饰整个句子。
常见的关系副词有：where, when, why。
例句1：I will never forget the day when we met for the first time.（修饰时间状语从句）例句2：I still remember the place where we spent our summer vacation.（修饰地点状语从句）例句3：That is the reason why I didn't go to the party.（修饰原因状语从句）二、句式转换：1. 将定语从句转换为非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句用来对名词或代词进行额外说明，用逗号将其与主句分开。
例句（限制性定语从句）：The woman who is sitting next to me is my mother.例句（非限制性定语从句）：The woman, who is sitting next to me, is my mother.2. 将定语从句转换为分词短语：分词短语作为定语从句的转换形式，修饰名词或代词。
现在分词与定语从句转换
Doing (1)【内容】(1)动名词和现在分词(2)现在分词与过去分词对比应用：状语，表语，伴随或方式，原因，条件，让步等(3)现在分词作定语时与定于从句之间的转化。
(4)现在分词作状语与状语从句的转化。
一．动名词：【定义】相当于名词，在句中作主语；宾语；表语。
【构成形式】主动：doing sth 被动：being doneHaving done having been done.【应用】1.做主语。
(1)当动词短语或动词位于句首时做主语。
被看作单数不可数名词。
主语较长时用it代替主语。
(2) 特殊句型。
It is no use doing sthIt is useless doing sthIt is no good doing sthIt is a waste of time doing sthIt is worthwhile doing sthThere is no point\ use in doing sthThere is nothing wore than doing sth 没什么比做…更糟糕的。
(3) 练习一下。
<a> 听到这个坏消息使他哭了起来。
<b> 开快车是非常危险的。
<c> 已经错过了早班车已经使她很担忧。
<d> 看那本书是浪费时间。
2.作动词宾语。
(1)Forbid doing sth; allow doing sth ，advocate doing sth ; admit doing sth ; Advise\ suggest doing sth; risk doing sth; appreciate doing sth; enjoy doing sth; Envy doing sth; avoid doing sth; consider doing sth; delay doing sth; deny doing sth. Dislike doing sth; escape doing sth; excuse doing sth; finish doing sth; forgive doing sth. Understand doing sth; give up doing sth; imagine doing sth; keep doing sth; mind doing sth. Miss doing sth , practice doing sth, put off doing sth, resist doing sth; can’t help doing sth; Can’t stand doing sth; devote to doing sth; look forward to doing sth, stick to doing sth; be used to doing sth, object to doing sth; be busy in doing sth; adapt to doing sth; be occupied in doing sth;(2)Sth need \ require\ want doing(3) allow\ permit\forbid\advice doing sth(4) 练习<a> The light in the office is still on. He forgot (turn) it off.<b> Don’t you remember (see)the man before?<c> I can’t bear (laugh).<d> you will forbid (photograph) in the park.= you will in the park.<e> Your composition needs (correct) .= Your composition needs .做介词宾语(1) 动词+ 介词+ doing sthBe used to doing ; be related to doing; get down to doing ; be given to doing =be addicted to doing ; put one’s mind to doing ; give rise to (引起); be equal to doing sth ; devote one’s to doing sth ; lead to doing sth; object to doing ; look forward to doing sth; be opposed to doing sth ; stop\ keep\ prevent sb from doingh sth; protect sb from doing sth; forbid sb from doing sth; Remind sb of doing sth ; Warn sb of doing sth ; Rob sb of doing sth; inform sb of doing sth ; accuse sb of doing sth ; feel like doing sth.(2) 形容词+ 介词+doing sthBe busy in doing ; be occupied in; be interested in ; be responsible for doing sth..(3) 主语+ have + fun\ pleasure \a good time\ trouble \ difficulty \ problem in doing sth;have no hesitation in doing sth(4) what\ how about doing sth (征求意见)(5)go + shopping\ swimming\ camping\ climbing\hiking\ running\skating\ walking\ sightseeing\dancing\ fishing\ riding\ jogging\ hunting\ driving\ boating ……练习<a> I used to (get) up late , but now I am used to (get) up early.<b> The rain prevented us from (go) out .<c> She objects to (marry) me.<d> 你对打篮球感兴趣吗？<e> 我读懂他有困难。
英语中状语从句与分词互换方法
英语中状语从句与分词互换方法例句：When they heard the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai.=Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai.在含有状语从句的主从复句中，可将状从转化为分词的形式，具体步骤如下：步骤一：去掉连词，但除特别强调外不可去或表让步转折如unless, though, although 等不可去。
（注意：before, after 从句省略时，应变为动名词结构！此处before/after 为介词。
）步骤二：看主语。
若从句主语与主句一致，可去掉从句主语；若从句主语与主句不一致，则保留从句主语（独立主格）。
步骤三：变动词。
有be 动词去掉be 动词；没be 动词，看从句中的动词与主语之间的关系，主动进行-ing，被动完成-ed。
注意：1、另有一种“连词+it is+adj.”结构中，可直接去掉it is。
如：If (it is) possible, we'll build another railroad in this area.If (it is) necessary, we should try it again.2、Being 何时去？何时留？保留大致分三种：A.表原因，逻辑主语(常)为人时，常保留。
B.“Be+普通adj./n”常保留，如cute, ill 等。
C.逻辑主语为代词或There be 结构，常保留。
D.独立主格中表“正在被…”，常保留。
去掉大致分三种：A.短语结构，常省略。
B.被动结构，常省略。
根据英语语言的从简性C.“Be+分词adj./adv.”，常省略。
D.带有强调连词后，常省略。
3、语言的从简性，即能省则省。
Eg:Being a league member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。
定语从句与分词短语的转换
定语从句转换成现在分词短语做后置定语, 有主动或进行的意思。先行词与现在分词
有主动关系
• The boys who are playing tennis are my friends. • The boys playing tennis are my friends. • I know the boy who is running in the park. • I know the boy running in the park
用定语从句完成下列句子.
The man standing under under 1. The man is my brother. He is standing The man who is standing the tree under the tree. _____________________. is my brother the tree is my brother.
Fill in the blanks with proper participles
• 1. The scientist _________ us a talk just now is giving from Tsinghua University. (give) • 2. The teacher followed by her students came ________ in. (follow) singing • 3. The girl ________ for us at the party is Tom’s sister. • (sing) performed • 4. The play ___________ last night was written by Shakespeare. (perform) shown • 5. I love the movie ________ on TV last night. (show)
高考重难点语法-定语从句和分词短语的转化
定语从句与分词短语的转换英语的表达方式是非常灵活而又多种多样的。
人们常常用各种不同的形式、措辞去表示同一个意思。
英语定语从句与分词短语的转换就是其中之一，这就是说，在表达同一个意思时常可用定语从句和分词短语两种不同的表达方式。
然而，我们不能见到定语从句，就可随意将其改为分词短语作定语的句子，而要视情况而定。
以下从三个方面对定语从句与分词短语的转换作些介绍。
主动式定语从句与分词短语的转换在主动式定语从句中，如关系代词作从句中的主语，其谓语是一个行为动词时，在以下情况下，一般都可转换为相应的分词短语。
a.定语从句的谓语动词和主句的谓语动词在时间上是一致的，这主要见于两种情况:一是主从句的谓语动词都是一般过去时二是主从句的谓语动词都是一般现在时例如:He used to live in the house which faced south.→ He used to live in the house facing south .他过去常常住在面向南里的那间房The students who study here are mostly from peasant families.→ The students studying here are mostly from peasant families.在这里学习的学生大部分是农民家庭出身。
b.从句的谓语动词是进行时态，主句的谓语动词可以是一般现在时、过去时或其他时态。
例如:The man that is talking with Mary is my brother.→ The man talking with Mary is my brother .跟玛丽谈话的那个人是我哥哥Come tomorrow and show your visa to the man who will be at that desk.→ Come tomorrow and show your visa to the man sitting at that desk .你明天来，把你的签证给坐在那个桌子边的那个人看看。
分词与从句转换
状语从句与分词作状语的转换 一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与
主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。
They didn’t go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of work to do.
Having a lot of work to do, they didn’t go to the Summer Palace.
四、从句是after引导的, 谓语动词是一般时态,也变 从句为完成式的现在分词短语。例如:
After she lit a candle, she went out.
Having lit a candle, she went out.
五、从句是否定句时，把从句变成否定分词短语,即 “not+分词短语”例如：
stronger. Taking exercise every day, you will get
stronger. 4.格林先生站在路边观看游行。 Mr.Green stood by the roadside and watched
the parade. Mr.Green stood by the roadside, watching
When he heard a cry for help, he rushed out Hearing a cry for help, he rushed out.
二、从句的谓语部分是“be +形容词或名词”的系表 结构时,变从句为“Being +表语”的现在分词短语 。
As he was seriously ill，he went home. Being seriously ill，he went home.
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二、从句的谓语部分是“be +形容词或名词”的系表 结构时,变从句为“Being +表语”的现在分词短语 。 As he was seriously ill，he went home. Being seriously ill，he went home. As he was very old, he had to give up his teaching. Being very old, he had to give up his teaching.
六、如果由when或whil以句首、句尾皆 可。 They waved again and again to us, when ( wh ile ) they were leaving the airport. When (While)leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us.
4. If you work hard, you will surely succeed. Working hard, you will surely succeed. 5. Because I had no money, I borrowed some from John. Having no money, I borrowed some from John. 6. After I had dressed myself, I went to school. Having dressed myself, I went to school.
3. 如果天天锻炼，你会变得比较健壮。 If you takes exercise every day, you will get stronger. Taking exercise every day, you will get stronger. 4.格林先生站在路边观看游行。 Mr.Green stood by the roadside and watched the parade. Mr.Green stood by the roadside, watching the parade.
三、从句的谓语动词是完成时态, 变从句为完成式的 现在分词短语. 例如: As I have seen him before, I easily recognized him. Having seen him before, I easily recognized him. The children went out to play after they had finished their homework. Having finished their homework, the children went out to play.
状语从句与分词作状语的转换 一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与 主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。 They didn’t go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of work to do. Having a lot of work to do, they didn’t go to the Summer Palace. When he heard a cry for help, he rushed out Hearing a cry for help, he rushed out.
练习： 1. When she saw the jewels, she jumped with joy. Seeing the jewels, she jumped with joy. 2. If you listen to the expert, you will certainly succeed. Listening to the expert, you will certainly succeed. 3. The man threw off his coat because he felt too hot. Feeling too hot, the man threw off his coat.
许多有and或没有and的并列句，只要主语一致，往 往可能换成分词作伴随状语。 如：The students went home from school； they talked and laughed． The students went home from school, talking and laughing.
四、从句是after引导的, 谓语动词是一般时态,也变 从句为完成式的现在分词短语。例如: After she lit a candle, she went out. Having lit a candle, she went out. 五、从句是否定句时，把从句变成否定分词短语,即 “not+分词短语”例如： As he didn’t know what to do， he asked me for help. Not knowing what to do， he asked me for help.
1.尽管他很忙，但他仍然帮助我们。 Though(Although) he is busy, he still helps us. Being busy, he still helps. 2.他虽然喝酒很多，但身体很好。 Though he drinks a lot, he is in good health. Drinking a lot, he is in good health.