2015年上海市虹口区高三一模英语翻译分析
上海市虹口区2015年英语学科高考练习试题(含详细答案)
上海市虹口区2015年英语学科高考练习试题2015.4第I卷(共103分)I. Listening（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent arid grammatically con-ect- For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one ward that best fits each blank.(A)How I Turned to Be Optimistic(乐观的)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's House, and my mother said that we (25) (leave) for America soon. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to (26) I listened every morning.I do not remember myself (27) (cry) for this reason again. In fact I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but (28) idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even (29) (complex) for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each orher. However, my responsibilities in the family increased a lot since my English vas superior (30) anyone else's at home. I translated at interviews with immigration officers,and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.From my experiences, I believe that my life will turn out all right (31) it is not that easy.(B)How Room Designs Affect Our Work and FeelingArchitects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feeling and behaviours. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(实证的)basis. They are discovering how(32) (design) spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and leadto relaxation.Researches show aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2012, Joan Meyers-Levy reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects (33) people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, (34) (lead) them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. Besides ceiling height, the view (35) (afford) by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate.Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and(36) seems to, according to a study. Students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students (37) classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim light helps people loosen up.(38) that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.So far public buildings (39) (focus) on by scientists. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管),” architect David says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad use of them? That is(40) we are all struggling with.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beForeign drivers will have a pay on-the-spot fines of up to £900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried out next month.If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will be clamped(扣留) until they pay--and they will face a(n) 41 fee of £80 for getting back their vehicles.The law will also be 42 to British citizens. The fines will be described officially as "deposits" when the traffic laws take 43 , because the money would be returned if the driverwent to court and was found not guilty. In practice, very few foreign drivers are likely to return to Britain to deal with their cases.Foreign drivers are rarely 44 because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court. Instead, officers often 45 give warnings. Foreign vehicles are 30 percentMore likely to be in a crash than British-registered vehicles. The number of crashes caused by foreign vehicles rose by 47 percent between 2008 and 2013, There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 46 injuries from accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2013.The new law is partly 47 to settle the problem of foreign lorry drivers ignoring limits toweight and hours at the wheel. Foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash thanBritish lorries. Recent spot checks found that three quarters of lorries that failed safety tests were 48 overseas.The standard deposit for a careless driving 49 --such as driving too close to the vehicle front or reading a map at the wheel--will be £300. Foreign drivers will not get points as 50 added to their licenses, while British drivers will.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In any planning system, from the simplest budgeting to the most complex corporate planning, there is an annual process. This is partly due to the fact that firms _ 51__ their accounting on ayearly basis, but also because similar _ 52__ often occur in the market.Usually, the larger the firm, the longer the planning takes. But 53 , planning for next year may start nine months or more in advance, with various stages of evaluation leading to 54 ofthe complete plan three months before the start of the year.Planning continues, however, throughout the year, since managers 55 progress against targets, while looking forward to the next year. What is happening now will 56 theobjectives and plans for the future.In today's business climate, as markets constantly change and become more difficult to 57 , some analysts believe that long-term planning is 58 . In some markets they may be right, aslong as companies can build the sort of flexibility into their operations which allows them to59 to any sudden changes.Most firms, however, need to plan more than one year ahead in order to 60 .their long-term goals. This may reflect the time it takes to commission and build a new production plant, or, in marketing 61 , it may be a question of how long it takes to research and launch a range ofnew products, and reach a certain 62 in the market. If, for example, it is going to take fiveyears for a particular airline to become the 63 choice amongst business travelers on certain routes, the airline must plan for the various 64 involved.Every one-year plan, therefore, must be 65 in relation to longer-term plans,and it should contain die stages that are necessary to achieve the final goals.51.A make up B carry out C bring about D put down52.A patterns B guides C designs D distributions53.A surprisingly B contrarily C equally D typically54.A approval B permission C admiration D objection55.A value B confirm C review D survey56.A restore B promote C influence D maintain57.A guess B advocate C recognize D predict58.A pointless B meaningful C realistic D inevitable59.A lead B respond C refer D contribute60.A share B handle C develop D benefit61.A expressions B descriptions C words D terms。
届上海虹口区高三一模英语试题及答案
虹口区2015学年度第一学期期终教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷第 I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a library. B. In a theater.C. In a cinema.D. In a classroom.2. A. 40 dollars. B. 30 dollars. C. 20 dollars. D. 10 dollars.3. A. Doctor and nurse. B. Cashier and customer.C. Dentist and patient.D. Conductor and passenger.4. A. The weather was miserable all day. B. The trip was really a hard one.C. They had a wet and cold trip.D. They were not caught in the rain.5. A. She is popular with children. B. She has always been popular.C. She had a surprising party.D. She was surprised at the party.6. A. Engineering. B. Business.C. Education.D. Manufacturing.7. A. He needs some change. B. He seldom counts his money.C. He doesn’t have that much cash.D. He owes the woman twenty dollars.8. A. Jack is clever. B. Tom is reliable.C. Tom is honest.D. Jack is dependable.9. A. Heavy jackets are now on sale. B. She is waiting for winter to arrive.C. It’s hard to get a heavy jacket.D. She needs a warm jacket.10. A. He will continue his work on vacation. B. Papers piled while he was on vacation.C. He has too much work to do.D. He has made his vacation plans.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Last night. B. At the age of 20.C. At the age of 9.D. A couple of weeks ago.12. A. Because she liked it at their age. B. Because it was a story about animals.C. Because it was a fun story.D. Because it was a Disney film.13. A. Romeo and Juliet. B. A love story between two dogs.C. Different dogs and different lives.D. Children and dogs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Britain. B. France. C. Spain. D. Sweden.15. A. Children were invited to meet Harry Potter’s magic mother.B. The book was first available to readers on the Internet.C. J. K. Rowling has had an interview on the Internet.D. The book first arrived in China in early June, 2003.16. A. To develop their love for the country. B. To get ready for a military parade.C. To gain some military knowledge.D. To learn to protect themselves.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Accidents happen almost everywhere every day. Some accidents are not serious and some really are. We read about such accidents nearly every day in the newspapers. And people usually think that accidents take place only on the roads or highways until they (25) ______ come across accidents in their homes or even at work places. As a matter of fact, home accidents are just as common as those we see and hear on the roads, some of (26) ______ cause even much more serious consequences. Because very few home accidents are reported, people come to think that there are few accidents that happen in homes.There (27) ______ (be) many serious cases where people fall to their deaths from high-rise flats so far. In most cases, children and women often fall over while (28) ______ (step) down the stairs. Old people may slip on wet floors, getting badly hurt or even killed, if they are not careful.Nowadays there are a lot of modern electrical appliances at home (29) ______ ______ rice cookers, micro waves and washing machines, which make life easy for the modern housewives. These appliances can kill people (30) ______they are used in the proper way. Gas stoves used for cooking are also dangerous if they are not properly used. They may cause burns or, in more serious cases, even fires.But all such accidents (31) ______ be stopped if we are careful and follow simple rules of safety. For example, it is unwise for people to try repairing their own electrical appliances if they do not know how to repair them. Therefore, it is safer and more reliable (32) ______people get them repaired by an electrician.(B)A study of English learning problems was carried out among a total of 106 foreign students. It shows that nearly all these students considered (33) ______ (understand) spoken English, especially in the first few weeks, to be their biggest problem on arrival. This was followed by speaking or communicating. Writing then increased as a big problem as students discovered difficulties in writing papers that they (34) ______ (expect) to hand in. And at the same time, reading remained as a significant problem.The information (35) ______ (gain) helped us in determining where special attention should be paid to in our course. Although many students have chosen to join the course with a reasonable motivation, we considered it important to note (36) ______ seemed to encourageinterest. Nearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching or teacher-centered English learning in their own country. It would be self-defeating (37) ______ (use) the same method, especially if it has failed in the past or it is too complicated to follow or imitate, (38) ______ it might reduce motivation and interest. Therefore a different method may help because it is different.(39) ______ variety of activities was also regarded as a way of maintaining or increasing motivation and interest. Several years ago we had the first timetable that operated throughout the course of English learning, but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest by about half-way through the ten weeks. This led us to a major re-think, and we had to explore a much (40) ______ (effective) way of English learning, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students. Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.John Nash, a Nobel Prize winner and mathematical genius whose struggle with mental illness was documented in the Oscar-winning film “A Beautiful Mind”, was killed in a car accident on Saturday. He was 86. The accident __41__ when the taxi Nash was traveling in ran into another car on the New Jersey Turnpike. Neither of the two drivers involved in the accident underwent life-__42__ injuries.At Princeton, Nash published a 27-page essay about the field of game theory, which led to __43__ in economics, international politics, and evolutionary biology. His signature solution found that competition among two opponents is not necessarily governed by zero-sum logic. Two opponents can, for instance, each achieve their maximum __44__ through cooperating with the other, or gain nothing at all by refusing to cooperate. This simple understanding is now regarded as one of the most important social science ideas in the 20th century, and a proof to his almost unique __45__ gifts.But in the late 1950s, Nash began a slide into mental illness and each therapy failed to cure him, and for much of the next three decades, Nash __46__ freely on the Princeton campus, scratching his hands on empty blackboards and staring blankly ahead in the library. Robert Wright rememb ers Nash as “some math genius that went crazy” who wore colorful shoes and quietly watched people. His mental illness removed him __47__ from his work. By the time Nash was awarded the Nobel P rize in Economics in 1994, he hadn’t published a paper in 36 years.But like a child cured of a terrible dream by the switch of a light, Nash recovered from his illness seemingly by choosing not to be sick anymore. Five years later, the __48__ of the film “A Beautiful Mind”, based on Sylvia Nasar’s 1998 book of the sam e name,expanded Nash’s __49__ life story to an international audience. He continued to work, travel, and speak at conferences for the rest of his life.It’s tempting to wonder what Nash might have __50__, had mental illness not robbed him of so many produ ctive years. “Because the ideas I had about super natural beings came to me the same way that my mathematical ideas did,” said Nash. “So I took them seriously.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why girls do better at school than boysFor centuries, boys were top of the class. But these days, that’s no longer the case.A new study by the OECD, a club of mostly __51__ countries in Europe and North America, examined how 15-year-old boys and girls performed at reading, mathematics and science. Boys still get somewhat better __52__ at maths and physics, and in other science courses the genders are roughly __53__. But when it comes to the students who really struggle and suffer at school, the difference is __54__: boys are 50% more likely than girls to fall short of basic standards in all three areas.__55__, why are girls performing better at school than their male classmatesFirst, girls read more than boys. Reading proficiency (熟练) is the basis upon which all other learning is built. When boys don’t do well in reading, their __56__ in other school subjects suffers too.Second, girls spend much more time on their homework and out-of-class learning. __57__, girls spend five and a half hours per week doing homework while boys spend a little less than four and a half hours. Researchers suggest that doing homework __58__ by teachers is linked to better accomplishment in maths, reading and science. Boys, it appears, spend more of their free time in the __59__ world; they are 17% more likely to play cooperative online games than girls every day. They also use the internet more.Third, peer __60__ plays a role. A lot of boys decide early on that they are just too cool for school. They adopt a so-called concept of masculinity (男子气概) that includes a disregard for __61__, which means they’re more likely to be rude and noisy in class. Teachers mark them down for this. In anonymous(匿名的) tests, boys perform better. In fact, the gender gap in reading __62__ by a third when teachers don’t know the gender of the pupil they are marking.So what can be done to close this gap Getting boys to do more homework and cut down on screen-time would help. And offering boys a __63__ to read non-fiction would help too: they’re keener on comics and newspapers. But most of all, abandoning gender stereotypes (旧模式) would __64__ all students. Thus, boys in all countries with the best schools read much better than girls. As we know, girls in Shanghai, Singapore and Seoul are good at mathematics, and they __65__ boys from anywhere else in the world.51. A. backward B. wealthy C. regular D. miserable52. A. scores B. directions C. guidance D. evaluation53. A. practical B. reliable C. relevant D. equal54. A. stable B. vague C. obvious D. logical55. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Instead56. A. behaviour B. comment C. preparation D. performance57. A. In brief B. On average C. On the contrary D. In addition58. A. researched B. designed C. assigned D. approved59. A. virtual B. realistic C. future D. artificial60. A. relationship B. contact C. responsibility D. pressure61. A. experts B. authorities C. adults D. peers62. A. develops B. widens C. narrows D. forms63. A. chance B. task C. favour D. resource64. A. influence B. harm C. satisfy D. benefit65. A. advance B. overtake C. overcome D. challengeSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In job inter views, we’re often asked about our strengths and weaknesses. And, as a matter of fact, most of us know automatically how to respond.Common wisdom tells us to use faux weaknesses, which means things that are strengths described as negatives and turned into positives. You might even be able to change your weakness into a skill for a job you’re not fully qualified for.In America, in a championship game you are unlikely to see athletes showing weakness. If the athletes become hurt in this game, they will hide their injuries —they don’t want their competitors to know their weak spots. But there is absolutely no need for us to act like this in business affairs.At work and in business, you can have shortcomings because these can be overcome and turned into strengths. The only fatal thing is to not realize that all your weaknesses can be made strong. Of course, to make up for shortcomings, you must first be aware of what your weaknesses really are.Have you ever wondered what has happened when you interview for a job you’re fully qualified for, but it goes to someone who doesn’t seem to be qualified at all How would that person get the job when he had none of the qualifications listed in the job ad That applicant figured out the business pain point that is seldom, if ever, mentioned in the job ad, and then how to address it. He didn’t talk about how he met each of the requirements on the job ad. He had none of the qualifications. He asked questions instead. He asked probing (探询的) questions to learn more about the business pain. By doing so,this less-qualified person soon learned that the hiring managers needed something different from what was listed in the job ad.Not accepting the job ad as an unquestionable truth is the key. There is no reason to think that hiring managers actually know what they need when they write job ads. They may need someone completely different from what they describe. That is why you can get a job that you’re not qualified for.66. The underlined word “faux”in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “______”.A. incorrectB. illogicalC. falseD. imaginary67. What exactly does the author advise you to do when you are a weak candidate for a jobA. Don’t ask questions if you think you are a weak ca ndidate.B. Ask questions about the job until you find you have something to offer.C. Don’t let your interviewer know your weaknesses but tell him your strengths.D. Ask questions according to the job description to see if you can be a qualified candidate.68. Why does the author think an applicant can get a job that he’s not qualified forA. Because hiring managers may change their mind in the job interview.B. Because hiring managers may actually need someone who can ask questions.C. Because the applicant may not know that he actually has the required qualifications.D. Because hiring managers may not know what they actually need when writing the ad.69. What is the passage mainly talking aboutA. You can change you weaknesses into strengths in job interviews.B. Don’t expose your weaknesses but show your strengths in job interviews.C. Find out the business pain point not mentioned in the job ad in job interviews.D. Hiring managers usually don’t know what qualifications they really need.Penguin GroupOrdinary People Change The World!Penguin Group and TFK have partnered together to help teachers show their students how they can make the world a better place. Based on the inspiring lives of historic figures including Amelia Earhart, Rosa Parks, Abraham Lincoln and Albert Einstein, this fascinating program takes a look at the real life stories of ordinary young people who grew up to become extraordinary adults!Download the classroom poster provided below.Classroom Poster: You Can Be a Hero, too.Star Wars RebelsJoin the Rebellion!Experience the Disney XD show Star Wars Rebels to get your students excited about exploration, teamwork, and science. Inside the program’s student guide you’ll discover classroom resou rces, such as a board game, a word scramble, and facts about the moon and lunar eclipses(月蚀). Plus: Background about the Star Wars Rebels characters illustrates how teamwork can help students accomplish even the toughest missions. Download the student guide below.TFK Extra: Join the Rebellion!Ultimate SpidermanEvery Great Story Starts with a Hero!TIME For Kids teamed up with the creators of Disney XD’s, Ultimate Spiderman, to encourage kids to take the initiative and become everyday heroes. This four page student magazine includes interesting tidbits (花边新闻) about the creation and evolution of the Marvel Comics super hero character Spider-Man, as well as facts of interesting real-life spiders. Students are also encouraged to solve a challenging “Spi der-Cycle” maze(迷宫) and uncover a mystery clue hidden within a “Spider Search” puzzle.TFK Extra: Every Great Story Starts with a Hero!The Mysterious IslandDiscover Your Island of Ideas!TIME For Kids has partnered with the creators of the film TheMysterious Island to introduce creativity and imagination throughthe “Island of Ideas” program.The Teacher’s Guide providesdiscussion starters, in-class activities and four reproducibles (复制道具) that will help lead students on a discovery adventure. Theposter front encourages students to solve mysterious clues that willlead them to the Ultimate Mysterious X. Students will enjoyuncovering the treasure of ideas that await them in this program.Classroom Poster: Discover Your Island of Ideas!70. Penguin Group and TFK have partnered together to ______.A. show students the inspiring lives of historic figuresB. make the world a better place for teachers and studentsC. provide teachers with some useful materials and informationD. help students know that ordinary people can change the world71. To accomplish the exciting program Star Wars Rebels, students need to ______.A. complete a tough missionB. have the spirit of rebellionC. have the spirit of cooperationD. explore the moon and lunar eclipses72. What’s the chief purpose of the magazine Ultimate SpidermanA. To encourage kids to learn about facts of interesting real-life spiders.B. To activate kids to become everyday heroes in real life.C. To tell interesting tidbits about the creation and evolution of Spider-Man.D. To solve a challenging “Spider-Cycle” maze and uncover a mystery clue.73. Which of the following statements is NOT trueA. Mysterious Island is a film made by TIME For Kids and its partner.B. The “Island of Ideas” program aims to cultivate creativity and imagination.C. Teacher’s Guide includes students’ discussions, activities and reproducibles.D. Ultimate Mysterious X encourages students to uncover the treasure of ideas.(C)Mapping AntarcticaAntarctica was on the map long before anyone everlaid eyes on it. Nearly 2,400 years ago, ancient Greekphilosophers such as Aristotle believed that a greatcontinent must exist at the bottom of the world. Theythought it was needed to balance out the continentsat the top of the world. In the 1500s, mapmakers oftenincluded a fanciful continent they referred toas Terra Incognita (Latin for “unknown land”) atthe bottom of their maps. But it was not until the 1800s ---- after explorers had sighted and set foot on Antarctica ---- that mapmakers got down to the business of really mapping the continent, which is one-and-a-half times the size of the U.S..While the coastline could be mapped by ships sailing around the continent, it took airplanes ---- and later, satellites ---- to chart Antarctica’s vast interior (内陆). That job continues today. And it is a job that can still require a mapmaker, or cartographer, to put on boots and head out into the wild.Cole Kelleher is familiar with that. He is a cartographer with the Polar GeospatialCenter (PGC), which is based at the University ofMinnesota and has a staff at McMurdo Station. PGC teamedup with Google to use the company’s Trekker technologyto capture images of Antarctica for the Internetgiant’s popular feature, Street View. A Trekker camera,which is the size of a basketball, is set about two feetabove a backpack. The camera records images in alldirections. “It weighs about 50 pounds. I was out fortwo and a half days, hiking 10 to 12 hours each day,” says Kelleher. It was hard work, but really an incredible experience.” According to Kelleher there are plans to use the technology to create educational apps for museums.The PGC staff at McMurdo Station provides highly specialized mapmaking services for the . Antarctic Program. For one project, Kelleher used satellite images to map huge cracks in the ice. That helped a team of researchers know whether they could safely approach their field camp on snowmobiles. Another recent project was to help recover a giant, high-tech helium(氦气) balloon used to carry scientific instruments high into the atmosphere. These balloons are launched in Antarctica because there is no danger that they will hurt anyone when they fall back down to Earth. Using satellite images, Kelleher and colleagues created maps of where the balloon could be found.Antarctica may no longer be Terra Incognita, but it still holds countless mysteries. Cartographers and the maps they make will continue to be essential in helping scientists unlock those secrets.74. From the passage, we can infer that Antarctic was on the map in the 1500s when ______.A. mapmakers knew it was much larger than the U.S.B. Aristotle named the continent Terra IncognitaC. no one had ever seen or been to the continentD. it was such an interesting continent as was often referred to75. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passageA. It needs much work for the mapmakers to head out into the wild.B. The interior can only be mapped by planes and satellites.C. It is relatively easy to map Antarctica’s coastline by ships.D. Antarctic is a vast but still mysterious continent.76. The Polar Geospatial Center (PGC) works with Google initially ______.A. to capture images of Antarctica for Street ViewB. to test the company’s Trekker technologyC. to create educational apps for museumsD. to hike for an incredible experience77. The fourth paragraph mainly talks about ______.A. satellite images which are used to map huge cracks in the iceB. a high-tech helium balloon for carrying scientific instrumentsC. how to safely approach the researchers’ field camp and the balloonD. the specialized mapmaking services provided by the PGC staffSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.When did you last visit a shopping mall In many places, the answer would be “last weekend.” Some people go even more often. Why Shopping malls offer goods and services all in one place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical services. So, are they one of the highlights of modern civilization Environmental activists would say no and would go even further, arguing that consumer behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster. They cause consumers’ ignorance of the side effect of their shopping ---- urban sprawl (蔓延).Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a lot. Before 1950, most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took public transportation. Only very wealthy people had automobiles. Farmers lived in rural areas or far-away villages and came into town only when they needed thing s they couldn’t produce themselves. If you stared at the landscape you would see towns surrounded by the countryside.Now automobiles become affordable and people are quick to make use of them. Ambitious workers could live in suburbs, just outside cities, which have started to grow rapidly. As long as there is lots of cheap land there, no one pays much attention to the usage of that land. Malls, fast food restaurants, cinemas, and such spread out in large, flat buildings. These one-storey buildings and their parking lots take up too much space. Many farmers think they are better off selling their land than growing crops. No one has realized once the land is built up in urban sprawl, the good farming land will be ruined forever. There is no way to preserve it.Only in recent years have people come to miss the old way of life as they have looked into the problems of unconditional growth. Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental problems. The bad effects that sprawl brings about include air and water pollution, loss of agricultural land, traffic jams, and so on. Many scholars think it’s time to analyze the problems better so we can develop proper policies to control further sprawl. Some think the best way to do is to educate citizens.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the first paragraph79. In the past, farmers in the countryside only went to towns or cities to ______.80. Besides the mobility made possible by automobiles, what other two factors have led tothe unconditional growth81. Now people come to realize the importance of protecting environment and dealing withthe serious problem brought about by ______.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、说服她不再网购是没有任何作用的。
上海2015年高考英语一模冲刺讲义(翻译)
知识点 2：考查重难点
词汇短语：高中教材中的常用词汇和短语 句型结构：⑴状语从句和名词性从句
⑵定语从句 ⑶特殊句式考查强调句或倒装句
知识点 3：真题考点梳理
年份 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
重要考点 形容词比较级；动名词；时间状语从句 形容词比较级；非谓语动词；宾语从句 原因状语从句；时间状语从句；条状状语从句；定语从句；倒装句 一般过去时；It 作形式主语；定语从句 非谓语动词；形容词比较级；定语从句；时间状语从句；倒装句 It 作形式主语；形容词比较级；目的状语从句；让步状语从句
5、对父母而言，没有什么能与孩子的身心健康相比。 (compare) （11 年高考）
6、这本杂志花了我 20 多元。（cost） （10 年高考）
7、雨天我总是比平时起得晚。（than） （10 年高考）
8、网球运动在上海越来越流行了。（popular）（09 年高考）
9、我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。（as…as）（09 年高考）
二、专题过关
1、她五年前开始拉小提琴。(play)
（12 年高考）
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2、由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。(owing) （12 年高考）
3、你为什么不在网上订票? (Why) （11 年高考）
4、我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了。(mistake) （11 年高考）
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精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义
学员编号： 学员姓名：
年 级：高三 辅导科目：英语
课 时 数：3 学科教师：
授课类型
C 专题-翻译考情考点解读 C 专题-翻译易错题梳理 T 能力-四字成语
上海2015年高考英语一模冲刺讲义(翻译)
word格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义学员编号：年级：高三课时数：3学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型C专题-翻译考情考点解读C专题-翻译易错题梳理T能力-四字成语授课日期及时段教学内容一、专题知识梳理知识点1：考情分析翻译是对考生词汇、语法、句型结构等基础知识和实际运用能力的综合考查。
高考中的汉译英多为简单句或简单的复合句，所考核的词汇也是常用词，但学生必须在比较两种语言的基础上，结合所学的语言知识翻译出不仅意思准确，而且符合英语表达习惯的好句子。
2014高考英语翻译题分值由20分增加到22分，其重要性可见一斑。
知识点2：考查重难点词汇短语：高中教材中的常用词汇和短语句型结构：⑴状语从句和名词性从句⑵定语从句⑶特殊句式考查强调句或倒装句知识点3：真题考点梳理年份重要考点2009 形容词比较级；动名词；时间状语从句2010 形容词比较级；非谓语动词；宾语从句2011 原因状语从句；时间状语从句；条状状语从句；定语从句；倒装句2012 一般过去时；It作形式主语；定语从句2013 非谓语动词；形容词比较级；定语从句；时间状语从句；倒装句2014 It作形式主语；形容词比较级；目的状语从句；让步状语从句知识点4：真题考点解读一.专题知识梳理---翻译句型汇总1. As is known ( to us all ), … = It is known (to us all) that…2. It seems that sb./sth.… =sb./sth. seems to…It appears (to sb) that…=sb./sth. appears to…3. It (so)happened that sb./sth.…=sb./sth. happened to…4. There is/are….There seems to be…There happened to be…There must have been…There is going to/will be…5. Sth occu rr ed to sbIt (suddenly) occurred to sb t hat…It never occurred to sb that… = It didn’t occur to sb that…6. It is said / reported that sb./sth.… = sb / sth is said / reported to do…It is believed that sb./sth.… = sb / sth is believed to do……7. It is no good / use doing…They think / consider / feel it no use / good doingIt is likely that sb./sth.… = sb / sth is likely to do…It is possible / probable that sb./sth.…8. It is hard to imagine /say / believe…It is no wonder that…9. It takes sb. some time to do sth.Sb. takes some time to do sth.Sb. spends time/money doing sth / on sth10. When/Whenever it comes to sb./sth/doing sth, …11. It (still) remains a question whether…= Whether … remains a question.2、确定时态、语态和句型。
各2015届高三英语一模试卷分类汇编 回答问题专题
上海市各区2015届高三英语一模试卷分类汇编：回答问题专题One【虹口区】Section CDirections: Read the following passage and then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.All of us rely on what we see. We say to ourselves, "I know I was there; I saw it happen" and that seems to settle the matter. Or does it? Can we really trust the evidence of our eyes?Take competitive sports for example. Most fans at sports events are always controlled by emotion, which leads to the fact that they will not agree with each other and even disagree with the referee although they watch the same game. "He was out of bounds when he caught the pass," says one fan. Another says, "You're crazy. I saw it with my own eyes. He was five feet in bounds. You must be blind." The referee rules that the receiver did step out of bounds. But thousands of fans are still not convinced—because they were there!It's the same story in the courtroom. Trial (审判) procedure depends on witnesses giving sworn testimony （证词）. But just how reliable is the testimony of a person who reports what he has seen? In a recent study, ten thousand witnesses were asked to describe the man they saw commit a crime. The study reveals that, on the average, the witnesses overestimated the man's height by five inches, his age by eight years, and gave the wrong hair colour in 83 percent of the cases. These witnesses didn't play tricks on them!What can we do to keep error to minimum? Above all, don't let your emotions interfere with your vision. Don't see something because you want to see it. Another solution to the problem would, of course, be to note down what you see. Don't rely on your memory alone. Take pictures, make recordings, and use any other aid, which will help a lot to reduce distortion. One more solution is also needed: The error is not likely to be minimized until the people involved stay relaxed. If you are tense, you are very likely to see red when the colour is blue.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. The reason why fans disagree with each other at sports events is that few of them_____.79. The word "them" in Para.3 refers to________.80. What are the other two solutions to keeping visual error to minimum besides not letting your emotions interfere with your vision?81. It can be inferred from the passage that the author takes sports events and courtroom as examples in order to illustrate ______.78. are not controlled by emotion79. the man's height, age and hair colour80. Nothing down what you see and staying relaxed.81. We can't completely trust the evidence of eyesTwo【黄浦区】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.On October 29, 1929, the United States stock market crashed. In the days that followed, banks and businesses closed, the number of the unemployed workers rose to 15million, and many people lost their savings. As the economic crisis wore on, it became known as the Great Depression. It left many people feeling anxious and uncertain about the future.Within days of his inauguration(就职典礼) in 1933, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt(FDR) began taking steps to stabilize the banking system, support the economy, and provide jobs for unemployed workers. To keep the American public informed about the changes that were underway, he gave a series of radio addresses called fireside chats. FDR used these broadcasts to speak about a number of issues. The first of Roosevelt’s fireside chats was delivered on Sund ay, March 12,1933. His goal in this message was to explain the bank crisis in the United States.He explained to American why banks had run out of money. Roosevelt assured people that their money was safe and that they could get their money when they really needed it. He said that most of the banks would be open the next day and that others would be open again very soon. His message’s purpose was to restore American’s confidence in their banking system.Roosevelt’s chats to America were popular with the peo ple. Many looked forward to hearing what FDR had to say. The White House did not always tell the public whether a particular radio address was to be regarded as a fireside chat. As a result, there is some question about the exact number of these speeches. Twenty-eight such addresses were definitely identified, and two other radio addresses could have also been chats.Roosevelt delivered his final fireside chat on June 12,1944. The focus was opening a fifth war-loan drive. He complimented the American people for supporting the war effort with the purchase of more than $32 billion of war bonds. He encouraged them to buy more as the war effort continued to cost money every day, money that he confidently predicted would lead to final victory. (Notes:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78.______________ led to the Great Depression according to the passage.79. What’s the purpose of Roosevelt’s fireside chats?80. Roosevelt delivered his first fireside chat to assure people of _____________________.81. Why did Roosevelt praise the American people in his final fireside chat?Keys:78. The crash of the United States stock market79. To keep the American public informed about importance issues/messages/the changes80. The safety of their money81. Because they supported the war effort by buying war bondsThree【浦东新区】Sunshine might be healthier than most people think, outweighing the risk of skin cancer. British doctors suggested last week and ran straight into a storm. The four researchers at Bristol University in western England were accused of weakening years of campaigning to warn people of the dangers of too much sun. Experts agree exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays (紫外线) increases the risk of skin cancer and accelerates the signs of aging. But in the British Medical Journal, the Bristol team led by Andrew Ness wrote, “There is evidence that the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight may outweigh the widely publicized negative effects on the incidence of skin cancer.”Vitamin D, made in the body in reaction to sunlight, prevented rickets (软骨病) in children and was associated with a protective effect against heart disease.Sunshine was also useful for treating certain skin conditions and there was evidence that it reduced the incidence of multiple sclerosis (硬化症). There was also the “feel good effect of lying or sitting in the sun.” The researchers said it was too early to advise people to spend more time in the sun, but suggested the basis of the current advice to cover up should be reviewed.“Perhaps, while we await the conclusions of such formal analyses, those of us who enjoy spending time in the sun can rest assured that the chance that we will be one of the people dying from the sun is small.” they added.Their article was strongly criticized by health campaigners who claimed it was unbalanced and not backed by scientific evidence. Britain’s Health Education Authority said skin cancer was the most common form of cancer in the country, with more than 50,000 new cases diagnosed each year and more than 2,000 people dying from the disease. It said treatment almost always required surgery and almost 50 per cent of cases were fatal. The authority’s skin cancer campaign manager Christopher New said, “We are very disappointed with this controversial article. It doesn’t have enough supporting evidence and runs the risk of undoing many years of good health education.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. According to the four researchers at Bristol University, ______________________________ does more good than harm.79. What does the author mean by saying “the British doctors ran straight into a storm”?80. The “good health education” reminds people ______________________________.81. People have not yet been able to reach an agreement on ______________________________. Keys:78. exposure in sunshine.79. their article aroused a heated debate.80. that sunshine may cause skin cancer.81. whether sunshine is good for people or not.Four【长宁区】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The paper is written in an attempt to discuss what the creative process is .Though much theory has accumulated ,little is really known about the power that lies at the bottom of poetic creation. It is true that great poets and artists produce beauty by employing all the powers of personality and by combing emotions, reason, and intuitions(直觉). But what is the magical synthesis(合成) that joins and arranges these complex parts into poetic unity?John L.Lowes, in his justly famous” The Road to Xanadu,” developed one of the earliest and still generally acceptable answers to this interesting question. Imaginative creation. He concludes, is a complex process in which the conscious and unconscious minds jointly operate. “there is ….the deep well with its chaos(杂乱) of accidently mixing images ,but there is likewise the vision which sees shining in and through the chaos of the potential lines of form , and with the vision, the controlling will ,which gives to that potential beauty actuality.”The deep well is the unconscious mind that is peopled with the facts, ideas , feelings of the conscious activity. The imaginative vision, an unconscious activity, shines through the land of chaos, of lights and shadows , silently seeking pattern and form. Finally, the conscious mind again, through will , captures and embodies the idea in the final work of art. In this way is unity born out of chaos.Though there can be no absolute certainty, there is general agreement that the periods in the development of a creative work parallel(与….相似)，to some extent ,Lowes’s theory of well , vision , form and will. There are at least three stages in the creative process: preparation, inspiration, work.In a sense, the period of preparation is all of the writer’s life. It is the deep well. It is especially a period of concentration which gives the unconscious mind an opportunity to communicate with the conscious mind. When remembrance of things past reaches the conscious level of the writer’s mind, he is ready to go on with the process. Part of this preparation involves learning a medium---learning a language, learning how to write, learning literary forms. It is important to note here that form cannot be imposed upon the idea. Evidence, though not enough, shows that the idea gives birth to the form that can best convey it. It is the vision, according to Lowes, that sees shining in and through the chaos of the potential lines of form.(Answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than TEN words)78.John L. Lowes has provided an acceptable answer to the question of ______________________.79._________________________are the four elements of John L. Lowes’ theory.80. How does the preparation stage contribute to the development of a creative work?81.According to the passage, what is the relationship between the idea and form.Keys:78.what the creative process is.79.Well, vision, form and will.80.By giving the unconscious mind an opportunity to communicate with the conscious mind.81.form cannot be imposed upon the idea but the idea gives birth to the form that can best convey it.Five【徐汇区】Section CDirection：Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external (外在的) result or a product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a rise, the student whose grades improve, and the foreigner who learns a new language--all these examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts．By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have , their caution or courage, as they meet with new experiences and unexpected difficulties. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept．In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to face theunknown, and to accept the possibility that they may "fail" at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential for our ability to grow．Do we see ourselves as quick and curious? If so, we tend to take more changes and be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we're shy and indecisive? Then our sense of fear can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we are slow to adapt to change or that we're not smart enough to deal with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not face or overcome these internal fears and doubt, if we protect ourselves too much, then we stop growing. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making．Based on the two basic ways to view growth mentioned in the passage, “Jane won the first prize in the speech competition.” can be regarded as______________________________.The process of growth refers to ___________________________________,when people come across new experiences and obstacles.If someone is keen on learning anything new, he is likely to____________________________.________________________________________or too much self-protection may prevent us growing.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in No More Than Ten Words.)Six【闵行区】Seven【奉贤区】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like "I never do anything right" into positive ones like "I can succeed." But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are. The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In th is experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable." Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.(Note: Answer the question or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS)The self- help industry is based on _________________________________________.The finding of the Canadian researchers is that______________________________.From the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic, we knowthat__________________.From the last paragraph, we know that ___________________ may prove to be agood form of psychotherapy.Keys:78.the idea that you should turn negative thoughts into positive ones.79.Thinking more positively have a opposite effect.80.overly positive thinking doesn’t make people feel better.81.Meditation techniquesEight【静安区】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.From boy to manGROWING up on-screen for a decade as Harry Potter, 22-year-old Daniel Radcliffe has had to deal with typecasting (同类角色出演) his whole career. However, in a new release called The Woman in Black, the successful child actor finally escapes J.K. Rowling’s hero by taking on the lead role in a classic ghost story.The movie, which hit Chinese cinemas on Sept 20, 2012, tells the tale of a widowed(丧妻的)lawyer named Arthur Kipps (Radcliffe)who is sent to a remote village in the north of England for a late client’saffairs. There, he discovers the town’s tragic past—children die after they see a mysterious woman dressed in black. To clear things up, he decided to stay alone in an old house, which is completely cut off from the mainland at high tide.His fears grow when he sees a woman in black looking at him from the window and hears the sound of a pony and trap in difficulty, followed by the screams of a young child. Kipps decides he must find a way to break the cycle of horror after his son is threatened by the mysterious woman.The story pulls out every old, dark house cliché(老套路)going: demonic(恶魔的)dolls, rocking chairs, and the ghostly black-cloaked(穿黑披风的)woman herself. However, it has become one of that year’s biggest box office winners in the UK when it was released there.British movie critic Jamie Russell thinks what makes it so different is how character-driven it is and how Radcliffe makes it count.“The Woman in Black works because of Radcliffe, not in spite of him,”he said. “Radcliffe’s face convinces you that Kipps knows what it is to have loved and lost forev er.”There is not much conversation. Director James Watkins’s gambledon Radcliffe’s acting. He was not disappointed. “It’s an absolute joy doing the slow push in on Dan, reading his thoughts and lettingthe camera drift closer and closer into his eyes, ”h e told British magazine Total Film.For the former Potter star who has longed for a career away from Hogwarts, this ghost movie is a step in the right direction.“It’s mainly about working hard and proving to people you’re serious about it, and stret ching(倾注全力)yourself and learning. ”Radcliffe told British online newspaper The Huffington Post.And he understands fame is fleeting. “The line that has made the most lasting impression on me was by [US writer] William Goldman. He said something like,' Stars come and go, only actors last’. ”he told the news website.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. The movie The woman in Black is about ____________.79. Why does Kipps have to find a way to break the cycle of horror?80. How The woman in Black is successful is that it has been____________________.81. What does The woman in Black mean for Radcliffe, the former Harry Potter star?Keys:78. how Arthur Kipps deals with a mysterious woman in black79. Because his son is threatened by the woman in black.80. one of this year’s biggest box office winner in Britain.81. It is a step on his way to make a breakthrough.Nine【崇明县】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Defenders of the French language are angered by plans to introduce courses taught in English at public universities, arguing that France must protect itself against the risk of losing its cultural identity.The French Parliament recently started to debate the issue as part of a bill on a broader reform of higher education, but all attention has focused on an article that would lift a 19-year ban on English as a teaching language at public universities.The French government backs the change, which it says would help to attract foreign students and help French graduates compete in a global economy as the country struggles to regain competitiveness. More French students fearing poor job prospects at home, where youth unemployment is nearly 25 percent, are studying and working abroad. One of their destinations is London, which now has become the sixth largest French population in the world.However, opponents of the law, including professors, lawmakers and the French language supervision body Academic France, say the community of other French-speaking peoples must be defended and that the change would be a betrayal of other French-speaking nations."If France gives other French-speaking countries the wrong signal by leading an assault against the language, that would be a very, very regrettable thing indeed," said Claude Hagege, a language scientist.France has long defended its culture at home and abroad. In 1994, the so-called " Toubon Law" made the use of French mandatory in all TV broadcasts, meaning all foreign-language programs are dubbed, while radio stations must play at least 40 percent of French music for most of the day. Business leaders criticize France's low ranking for English proficiency(熟练度）- it placed 23rd in a 2012 global ranking published by education company Education First - even though the use ofEnglish has grown, notably in academic circles.Higher Education Minister Genevieve Fioraso said offering English would increase the appeal of French universities at a time when they are falling further behind in international rankings. In a 2011-2012 survey by Britain's Times newspaper, the highest-ranked French university is in 59th position. Private business schools where English is taught rank higher.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What does “the change” in Paragraph 3 refer to ?79. Some people are against the change because they think it would_____________________.80. According to “Toubon Law” , what is a must for TV stations in France?81. Genevieve Fioraso thinks the release of the bill may help French universities __________. Keys:78. Allowing using English as a teaching language at public universities.79. be a betrayal of other French-speaking nations/make France lose its cultural identity80. Using French in all TV broadcasts / The use of French in all TV broadcasts.81. attract more students/be more appealing/rank higher in international rankingsTen【普陀区】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Different people may find that different learning methods work best for them. While some would turn to tutoring in order to get better grades, others choose to join study groups. In fact, many universities encourage their students to form study groups and make good use of them.“Two heads are better than one.”That’s the simple idea behind study groups. By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic resources: other students. They get to pick each other’s brains and improve their own understanding of different problems. Moreover, study groups can create the slightly tense atmosphere in which it’s good to study. For example, some students tend to procrastinate(拖延) when they are studying by themselves; however, by joining a study group, they get to observe their peers who are working diligently and are likely to thus have motivation for working harder.Study groups work best when they are small , but not too small -four to five participants is about right. And it’s necessary to make sure everyone has the same goal, to prepare for a particular test, to discuss class readings or to review the week’s lec ture notes. Besides, socializing in the group would make studying more fun as long as it took up only a small portion of group study time.In addition, to maximize the efficiency, some study groups like to assign members certain roles, and thus efficiency will be promoted. Besides an organizer, who gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose duty is to remind group members to identify their sources. For instance, when a group member says “I read somewhere that...”, the source-seekers should ask for specifics. This person reminds the group that it’s important to know who said what and where it was said. And a gatekeeper, who tries to make sure that all group members are participating, may ask a direct question to help a shy person participate, or find a way to get a dominating member to listen.(Note: Answer the question or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)Many universities encourage students to take advantage of _________for better grades rather than learning alone.Peers are not only the best academic resources but also motivate each other to __________when learning in groups.According to paragraph 3, besides the small size, what are the other two factors that could help a study group work best?All the members in the study group will be assigned different roles because people believe that it will result in________.Keys:study groupswork harderThe same goal and specializing in the groupmaximizing the efficiencyEleven【闸北区】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The herds of bulls and horses depicted running along the walls of the Lascaux caves in France are among the most magnificent examples of prehistoric art ever discovered.But rather than displaying hunting scenes, new evidence suggests that the images actually represent the frightening sounds which came from the mouths of the caves.US researcher Steven Waller believes that the echoes(回声) of clapping outside the cave would have sounded like hundreds of animal feet drumming on the ground. He proposes that the caves were preserved for their sound properties, which prehistoric peoples mistook for supernatural noises.Ancient stories explained echoes from the mouths of certain giant caves as replies from spirits, so our ancestors chose to decorate these caves with paintings believing that they were inhabited by spirits and gods.Beside animal sounds, many ancient cultures attributed thunder in the sky to ‘thunder gods,’ so it makes sense that some lasting echoes within the caves were interpreted as thunder and inspired paintings of those thunder gods on cave walls.The idea is also supported by audio theory, which shows statistically significant similarities between the rock are sites and modern sound reflection equipment.As for the presence of the famous Stonehenge(巨石阵) in Britain, Mr. Walker also suggests it may have been the sound of the prehistoric monument, rather than the sight, that inspired its creation.He claims that its architects may have been trying to recreate a sound-effect similar to the ritual sound made during religious dancing.People taking part in a religious dance around a pair of pipes would have heard the music grow quieter as they moved past certain pipes due to a natural phenomenon known as an ‘interference pattern.’ If they were blindfold, it would have created the illusion that th e sound was intermittently being reduced by invisible gods as they danced. According to Dr. Walker, the effects became so impressive that ancient people attempted to capture it in store. Therefore the Stonehenge。
上海市虹口区2015届高三4月高考练习英语试题(Word版本)带答案
虹口区2015年英语学科高考练习题2015.4第I卷(共103分)I. Listening（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent arid grammatically con-ect- For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one ward that best fits each blank.(A)How I Turned to Be Optimistic(乐观的)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's House, and my mother said that we (25) (leave) for America soon. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to (26) I listened every morning.I do not remember myself (27) (cry) for this reason again. In fact I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but (28) idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even (29) (complex) for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each orher. However, my responsibilities in the family increased a lot since my English vas superior (30) anyone else's at home. I translated at interviews with immigration officers,and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.From my experiences, I believe that my life will turn out all right (31) it is not that easy.(B)How Room Designs Affect Our Work and FeelingArchitects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feeling and behaviours. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(实证的)basis. They are discovering how(32) (design) spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and leadto relaxation.Researches show aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2012, Joan Meyers-Levy reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects (33) people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, (34) (lead) them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. Besides ceiling height, the view (35) (afford) by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate.Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and(36) seems to, according to a study. Students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students (37) classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim light helps people loosen up.(38) that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.So far public buildings (39) (focus) on by scientists. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管),” architect David says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad use of them? That is(40) we are all struggling with.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beForeign drivers will have a pay on-the-spot fines of up to £900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried out next month.If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will be clamped(扣留) until they pay--and they will face a(n) 41 fee of £80 for getting back their vehicles.The law will also be 42 to British citizens. The fines will be described officially as "deposits" when the traffic laws take 43 , because the money would be returned if the driverwent to court and was found not guilty. In practice, very few foreign drivers are likely to return to Britain to deal with their cases.Foreign drivers are rarely 44 because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court. Instead, officers often 45 give warnings. Foreign vehicles are 30 percentMore likely to be in a crash than British-registered vehicles. The number of crashes caused by foreign vehicles rose by 47 percent between 2008 and 2013, There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 46 injuries from accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2013.The new law is partly 47 to settle the problem of foreign lorry drivers ignoring limits toweight and hours at the wheel. Foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash thanBritish lorries. Recent spot checks found that three quarters of lorries that failed safety tests were 48 overseas.The standard deposit for a careless driving 49 --such as driving too close to the vehicle front or reading a map at the wheel--will be £300. Foreign drivers will not get points as 50 added to their licenses, while British drivers will.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In any planning system, from the simplest budgeting to the most complex corporate planning, there is an annual process. This is partly due to the fact that firms _ 51__ their accounting on ayearly basis, but also because similar _ 52__ often occur in the market.Usually, the larger the firm, the longer the planning takes. But 53 , planning for next year may start nine months or more in advance, with various stages of evaluation leading to 54 ofthe complete plan three months before the start of the year.Planning continues, however, throughout the year, since managers 55 progress against targets, while looking forward to the next year. What is happening now will 56 theobjectives and plans for the future.In today's business climate, as markets constantly change and become more difficult to 57 , some analysts believe that long-term planning is 58 . In some markets they may be right, aslong as companies can build the sort of flexibility into their operations which allows them to59 to any sudden changes.Most firms, however, need to plan more than one year ahead in order to 60 .their long-term goals. This may reflect the time it takes to commission and build a new production plant, or, in marketing 61 , it may be a question of how long it takes to research and launch a range ofnew products, and reach a certain 62 in the market. If, for example, it is going to take fiveyears for a particular airline to become the 63 choice amongst business travelers on certain routes, the airline must plan for the various 64 involved.Every one-year plan, therefore, must be 65 in relation to longer-term plans,and it should contain die stages that are necessary to achieve the final goals.51.A make up B carry out C bring about D put down52.A patterns B guides C designs D distributions53.A surprisingly B contrarily C equally D typically54.A approval B permission C admiration D objection55.A value B confirm C review D survey56.A restore B promote C influence D maintain57.A guess B advocate C recognize D predict58.A pointless B meaningful C realistic D inevitable59.A lead B respond C refer D contribute60.A share B handle C develop D benefit61.A expressions B descriptions C words D terms62.A reputation B position C situation D direction63.A reserved B selected C preferred D supposed64.A acts B steps C means D points65.A handed over B left behind C made out D drawn upSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)My dad loved pennies, especially those with the elegant stalk(茎) of wheat curving around each side of the ONE CENT on the back. Those were the pennies he grew up with during the Depression.As a kid, I would go for walks with Dad, spying coins along the way-a penny here, a dime(一角硬币) there. Whenever I picked up a penny, he'd ask, "Is it a wheat?" It always thrilled him when we found one of those special coins produced between 1909 and 1958, the year of my birth.One gray Sunday morning in winter, not long after my father's death in 2002, I was walking down Fifth Avenue, feeling bereft. I found myself in front of the church where Dad once worked. I was warmly shown in and led to a seat. Hearing Dad's favorite "A Mighty Fortress Is Our God", I burst into tears. We'd sung that at his funeral.After the service, I shook the pastor's(牧师) hand and stepped onto the sidewalk-and there was a penny. I bent to pick it up, turned it over, and sure enough, it was a wheat. A 1944, a year my father was serving on a ship in the South Pacific.That started it. Suddenly wheat pennies began turning up on the sidewalks of New York everywhere. I got most of the important years: his birth year, my mom's birth year, the year he graduated from college, the year he met my mom, the year they got married, the year my sister was born. But alas, no 1958 wheat penny-my year, the last year they were made.The next Sunday, after the service, I was walking up Fifth Avenue and spotted a penny in the middle of a crossing. Oh, no, it was a busy street；cabs were speeding by-should I risk it? I just had to get it.A wheat! But the penny was worn, and I couldn't read the date. On arriving home, I took out my glasses and took it to the light. There was my birthday!I found 21 wheat pennies on the streets of Manhattan in the year after my father died, and I don't think that's a coincidence.66. The writer's father loved pennies with wheat because ________.A. when he first saw it, he began to love itB. when he saw the wheat, he thought of his time during the DepressionC. when he was young, he had a lot of pennies with wheatD. when he was a child, he never got a coin with wheat67. The underlined word "bereft"(in Para.3) means ________.A. protestedB. disappointedC. grievedD. offended68. Which of the following statements about the author is NOT true?A. He was born in 1958.B. He went to church because of his father.C. He once worked in a church.D. He knew the church well.69. The best title for the passage would probably be ________.A. Pennies from HeavenB. My father's life storyC. My father's hobbyD. Living in New York(B)Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone's life? If yes. don't care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you'll make it!Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant(No Pay with Free Meals)Place: ManchesterHours: Part TimeWe are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don't miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!Role:You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.Skills and Experience Required:You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you'll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.70. What docs the underlined part mean?A. You'll make others' lives more meaningful with this job.B. You'll arrive home just in time from this job.C. You'll earn a good salary from this job.D. You'll succeed in getting this job.71. The volunteers' major responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities ______ .A. to get some financial supportB. to properly protect themselvesC. to learn some new living skillsD. to realize their own importance72. Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?A. The one who can drive a car.B. The one who has done similar work before.C. The one who has patience to listen to others.D. The one who can use English to communicate.73. The text serves as a _______ .A. a reminder to social workersB. an advertisement for helpersC. a document on appealing for volunteersD. an introduction about a social care organization(C)There are desert plants which survive the dry season in the form of inactive seeds. There are also desert insects which survive as inactive larvae (幼虫). In addition, difficult as it is to believe, there are desert fish which can survive through years of drought (干旱) in the form of inactive eggs. These are the shrimps (虾) that live in the Mojave Desert, an extremely dry place in the southwest of the United States where shade temperatures of over 50℃ are often recorded.The eggs of the Mojave shrimps look like grains of sand both in size and appearance. When enough spring rain falls to form a lake, once every two to five years, these eggs hatch. Then the water is soon filled with millions of tiny shrimps about a millimetre long which feed on tiny plant and animal organisms (有机物）which also grow in the temporary desert lake. Within a week, the shrimps grow from their original 1 millimetre to a length of about 1.5 centimetres.Throughout the time that the shrimps are rapidly maturing, the water in the lake equally rapidly evaporates(蒸发). Therefore, for the shrimps it is a race against time. By the twelfth day, however, when they are about 3 centimetre long, hundreds of tiny eggs form on the underbodies of the females. Usually by this time, all that remains of the lake is a large, muddy patch of wet soil. On the 13th day, the shrimps lay their eggs in the mud. Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimps die as the last of the water evaporates.If enough rain falls the next year to form another lake, the eggs hatch, and once again the shrimps pass rapidly through their cycle of growth, adulthood, egg-laying, and death. Some years there is not enough rain to form a lake: in this case, the eggs will remain dormant for another years, or even longer if necessary.74. Which of the following is the MOST unique feature of Mojave shrimps?A. Their lives are brief.B. They feed on plant and animal organisms.C. Their eggs can survive years of drought.D. They lay their eggs in the mud.75. What doe the underlined word “dormant” in the last paragraph most probably mean?A. Inactive.B. Sleeping.C. Safe.D. Dead.76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Appearance and size are the most important for life to survive in the desert.B. A species must be able to grow up quickly in order to survive.C. Shrimps are the only species with a life cycle of 13 days.D. Some species develop a unique life pattern to survive in extremely hard condition.77. What is the passage mainly about?A.The life span of Mojave shrimpsB. The survival of desert shrimpsC. The creatures living in the Mojave desertD. The importance of water to life in the desertSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women in America, or probably in the world.During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman's life spent in caring for the children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth centurywould probably have been in her middle twenties? And would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by modern living conditions.This important change in women's life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-or-part-time work.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. At what age did most women get married in the late nineteenth century?______________________________________________.79. A women today can still take care of her children when doing paid work in their forties because of ______________________________________.80. Of “such changes”today, one is that many more mothers _________________________ after their first child is born.81. What are the factors that cause a couple to share economic and family affairs in an equal way?______________________________________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets.82、据我所知，他们学校的面积是我们的两倍。
上海市各区高三英语一模试卷分类汇编：翻译
2014-2015学年高三英语一模翻译汇编I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我从未想到我校篮球队会在决赛中败北。
(occur)2. 那只迷路的猴子得到了村民们的精心照顾。
(care)3. 他再也无法忍受没有被晋升为部门经理的事实。
(No longer)4. 就教师而言，没有什么比能看到学生取得进步更令人高兴的了。
(than)5. 尽管这项计划的初衷是为了提高人民的生活水平，但由于种种原因计划未能实施。
(intend)1.It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.2. That lost monkey was taken good care of by the villagers.3. No longer can he bear the fact that he wasn’t promoted to department manager.4. As for the teachers, there is nothing more joyful than witnessing the progress made by the students.5. Although this plan had been intended to improve the living standards of our p eople, it wasn’t implemented for some reasons.I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 前天，许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。
2015上海高三一模英语写作解析(各区英语点评)
2015上海高三一模英语写作解析——有多少爱还在重来？马不停蹄的时间走到了2015年，高三的童鞋们，一模考你们准备好了么？截止到今天，已经有四个区考完了，而我们上海新东方优能中学也为大家搜刮到了这四个区大部分的一模真题。
接下来的日子，本大熊会陪你们一起分析这次高考一模的英语写作~为考完的同学做好总结，也为没考的同学做好准备~这期的副标题才是重点——“有多少爱还在重来？”。
经历了那么多年的高考在英语写作上其实已经出现了很多的规律和考察的定向思维。
我们就从这些蛛丝马迹里找找真相吧~ 屁话不多说，甩题~2015 宝山区一模目前，在网上购物的人越来越多，有人说在网上购物比实体店购物优势多，有人说还是在实体店购物好。
请写一篇文章阐明你的观点。
你的文章必须包括：简要介绍两种购物方式的不同之处你喜欢哪种购物方式？为什么？2015 普陀区一模假设你班班长打算在寒假组织一次班级活动，有三种方案：一、慈善义卖帮助家庭有困难的同学；二、聘请英语专家介绍有效地学习方法；三、组织一次班级新年派对。
作为班级的一员，请你根据你的实际情况，在三项方案中选择其一，提出对该项活动的建议并谈谈理由。
你的写作中必须包括：在三项方案中选择其一；对该方案提出建议；谈谈你提出建议的理由。
2015 静安区一模假如你是某中学高三（1）班的学生李明，写一封信给学校图书馆负责老师，因为你校图书馆将选择招募课余学生图书管理员。
信息必须包括以下内容：简要介绍个人特长表达希望成为课余学生图书管理员的愿望谈谈你作为课余学生图书管理员，对学校图书馆里提出一些建议注意：文中请勿提及真实学校三道题看完，发现什么没有？估计多数人除了脑子一片白茫茫就是眼前一片白茫茫了~跟着本大熊慢慢分析吧~今天先说宝山区一模~目前，在网上购物的人越来越多，有人说在网上购物比实体店购物优势多，有人说还是在实体店购物好。
请写一篇文章阐明你的观点。
你的文章必须包括：简要介绍两种购物方式的不同之处你喜欢哪种购物方式？为什么？这类作文上海高考相同结构的考法出现过一次，不过是在很久远的1999年：一些学生认为学英语很重要；一些学生则认为不必学英语；我认为……（观点、理由）在上海高考一模卷里好像也不怎么的受待见，近三年（2012~2014）一模卷一共考过次，具体题目如下：那么到底为什么这类文章每年都会零星出现？他的考点到底是什么？用意又是什么呢？其中是否又有着规律呢？答案我们现在来揭晓！这类文章从题干里就能看出来两个比较重要的规律：一、一定会有两方针锋相对的对立方观点；二、一定需要你做出自己的选择。
2014-2015学学年高三英语一模翻译汇编
2014-2015学年高三英语一模翻译汇编I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我从未想到我校篮球队会在决赛中败北。
(occur)2. 那只迷路的猴子得到了村民们的精心照顾。
(care)3. 他再也无法忍受没有被晋升为部门经理的事实。
(No longer)4. 就教师而言，没有什么比能看到学生取得进步更令人高兴的了。
(than)5. 尽管这项计划的初衷是为了提高人民的生活水平，但由于种种原因计划未能实施。
(intend)1.It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.2. That lost monkey was taken good care of by the villagers.3. No longer can he bear the fact that he wasn’t promoted to department manager.4. As for the teachers, there is nothing more joyful than witnessing the progress ma de by the students.5. Although this plan had been intended to improve the living stand ards of our people, it wasn’t implemented for some reasons.Two【黄浦区】I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 前天，许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。
2015各区县高三英语一模中翻英整理
2015各区县高三英语一模中翻英整理One【虹口区】1.我从未想到我校篮球队会在决赛中败北。
(occur)语言点1.在决赛中in the final=in the finals=in the final match2.败北；失败be defeated=be beaten[key】It never occurred to me that our school basketball team would be beaten/be defeated in the finals.2.那只迷路的猴子得到了村民们的精心照顾。
(care)语言点1.·一只失踪的猴子 a missing monkey=a lost monkey·发现某人/某物不见了find sb/sth missing=find sb/sth lost=find sb/sth gone2.精心照料be well cared for=be taken good care of【key】That lost monkey was taken good care of by the villagers.3.他再也无法忍受没有被晋升为部门经理的事实。
(No longer)语言点1.Promote 推动；促进；晋升；·被晋升为be promitted to+不带冠词的职位·获得晋升/提拔get promoted=get one’s promotion=get a promotion 2.·部门经理department mananger·百货商店department store·英语角English department3.忍受做stand doing=bear/endure doing=put up with doing sth·勇敢的面对stand up to·醒目；突出stand out·在摊位上at the stand【key】No longer can he bear the fact that he wasn’t promoted to department man ager.4.就教师而言，没有什么比能看到学生取得进步更令人高兴的了。
2015年上海各区一模英语卷中译英讲解
3.如果有朝一日，学生能自主选择校服的款 式，那该多棒啊！(How) How great(it is) if one day, the students can choose the style of the school uniform by themselves/ on their own! 4.鼓励市民买电动汽车，这从长远来看将有 助于促进低碳经济。(which) Citizens are encouraged to buy the electricitypowered vehicle, which, in the long run, can help promote the low-carbon economy.
4.如何保护我们的视力是个重要的问题，每个青 少年都应该知道答案。(whose) How to protect our eyesight is an important question whose answer every teenager should know. 5.毫无疑问，小时候没有受过教育的父母经常叮 嘱他们的孩子要好好读书。(access) There is no doubt that those parents who had no access to education in their children often ask their children to study hard.
2015年上海各区高三英语一模分类汇编：翻译及答案
(point)
5. 进入丛林不远，只见一条清澈的小溪映入了我们的眼帘。 长宁区
(before)
1. 均衡的膳食是保持健康的关键 .(key)
2. 没有什么风景比我现在看到的更好。 (than) 3. 每个人都要为自己的人生负责，因为人生就是一系列的选择。
(responsible)
4. 学生应该学会如何保护自己以防止意外伤害的建议是. 任何人仅凭背单词是不可能考出好成绩的， 更不用说具有和老外交流的能力。 (Only)
静安区 1. 你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会吗？
(possible)
2. 桌上有本最新版的英语字典。 (On) 3. 意识到健康重要性的人们正在越来越关注他们的饮食。
(aware)
4. 正式我国宇航员的精神才使我们克服了所有的艰难险阻。
(phenomenon)
5. 商家制造的一年一度的消费节为老百姓提供了花小钱买高品质商品的机会。
嘉定区
1. 学生们轮流到附近的火车站做志愿者。 (turn)
2. 他肯定早就意识到了英语的重要性，所以英语那么好。
(aware)
3. 不管多忙，我们每天都应给家人腾出些时间来。
(spare)
4. 我认为就此问题与那些固执己见的人争论下去没有意义了。
mention the ability to communicate with foreigners.
静安区
1. Is it possible for you to attend/come to my birthday party this evening?
2. On the table lies an English dictionary of the latest issue.
2015上海高三一模英语写作解析各区点评(三)
2015上海高三一模英语写作解析——有多少爱还在重来？（3）继上一期的内容，我们继续把上海2015年的高三一模题解剖下去~首先，上次没有给出的Version 2 奉上：Recently, what has become a heated topic of our class is that an important decision must be made among three different choices about the coming winter festival event. After a careful consideration, the proposal to hold a New Year Party earns my favor, followed by several suggestions.Above all,the theme about this party decides the success or failure. More specifically, an absorbing theme, such as Welcoming the New Ourselves, will arouse great interests of classmates to participate in it. Moreover, suitable activities as well as the decorations of the party are also based on it.In the second place, based on the settled theme, a proper schedule and a name list will make a big difference. Led by that,every detail can be taken into consideration to ensure a wonderful party held as expected. Personally, I strongly recommend to hold the party after the final examinations and to invite some guests from other classes, through which we will have enough time to prepare and, by the way, enhance the friendship among classes.From what has been mentioned above, if all these suggestions can be carried out strictly, there is no doubt that our New Year Party will leave everyone present a deep impression. 【211words】各位看官看完之后感觉怎么样呢？如果说Version 1相对空泛的内容是一个软肋的话，那么Version 2似乎内容被充实了很多。
2015届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解A篇--老师版(带答案已校对)
Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)PEOPLE—________This Thursday, Irena Sendler will be honored for her work as a smuggler (偷运者). During World War II, the Polish social worker smuggled nearly 2,500 Jewish children out of the Warsaw ghetto (聚居区). She gave them new identities, found them safe places with good-hearted Christians, and kept the children's real names buried in jars in her neighbours' gardens. (The play, Life in a Jar, based on her story, is being performed.) At 93, Sendler lives in a Warsaw nursing home and is too weak to travel to Washington D.C., to receive the 2003 Jan Karski Award for Valor and Compassion from the American Center of Polish Culture. One of the children she saved will accept the award for her.You risked your life to save the children.I was taught by my father that when someone is drowning, you don't ask if they can swim, you just jump in and help. During the war, everyone was drowning, but mostly the Jewish children.How did you persuade parents to give up their children?I had to answer honestly that I didn't even know if we would get past the guards.What was the most frightening moment?When I saw a priest (牧师) in charge of an orphanage for Jewish children in the ghetto walk with them out to be killed. The children were in their best Sunday suits. The priest was killed with them.How did you get the children to behave as you smuggled them out?I told the older children to act as if they were sick and sometimes gave the younger ones a sleeping pill. They were told to remember their new names. I also told the children to tell guards they had only been visiting a servant in the ghetto and were going back to their real homes outside.Did you tell your own two children what you did?I never told them. Only when my daughter went to Israel did she learn all about me. I thought it was only normal to do so. And it was a very painful subject. It was always on my mind that I couldn't do more.66. We can learn from the passage that Irena Sendler________.A. will go to Washington to accept the award with her daughterB. was caught a few times while she was rescuing the Jewish childrenC. told those parents that their children's lives would be guaranteedD. saved thousands of Jewish children at the risk of her own life67. The expression "everyone was drowning" can best be replaced by "________".A. everyone was involved in the warB. all the people were drownedC. all the people were facing danger and deathD. Jewish children were being killed68. Which one could NOT be expected when Sendler was smuggling the Jewish children?A. The children pretended to be brothers and sisters from one big family.B. Some children pretended to be returning home after visiting servants in the ghetto.C. The children were asked to remember and use new names instead of real ones.D. Some children were told to pretend to be sick in front of the guards.69.Which of the following is best for the blank in the title?A. DISASTER SURVIVORB. NOBLE SMUGGLERC. AWARD RECEIVERD. SECRET DEFENDERKeys: 66-69 DCABSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 1801, Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object in the sky. He thought it was an undiscovered comet. After further observation, he realized that it behaved more like a small planet than a comet. Piazzi named it Ceres after the Sicillian goddess of grain. Ceres remains the largest known asteroids（小行星）in the sky. It means almost 600 miles（1,000 km) in diameter. By the end of the nineteenth century, severalhundred other asteroids had been identified.Tens of thousands of asteroids have since been discovered, with thousands more found each year. Asteroids are masses of rock and metal that orbit（绕轨道而行）the sun between Mars and Jupiter. They did not form into planets because the perturbations of Jupiter kept them moving too fast to join together. The total mass of all of the asteroids is less than the size of Earth’s moon.Some of the asteroids move in orbits outside the zone between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids that come relatively close to Earth are known as near-Earth asteroids(NEAs). Scientists estimate that about 1,000 of these asteroids are 0.6 miles(1km) in diameter. An asteroid of this colliding（碰撞）with Earth would be disastrous.Scientists have found two sites where giant asteroids struck Earth millions of years ago. One asteroid hit Antarctica about 250 million years ago. Another asteroid struck Mexico’s Yucantan Peninsula around 65 million years ago, leaving a hole 112 miles(180km) wide and 1,000 yards (915m) deep. One theory blames the extinction of the dinosaurs on this asteroids’s collision with Earth and the climate change that resulted from its impact.Occasionally, small asteroids strike Earth. These cause little damage. Major collision, such as the one that may have killed the dinosaurs, occur rarely--perhaps only once every 100 million years.Although the chance of an asteroid striking the planet anytime soon is small, scientists continue to study the orbits of asteroids in the sky. They pay particularly close attention to the asteroids whose paths are close to Earth, and have even landed a spacecraft on an NEA named Eros. Their work helps them learn about the formation of the solar system. It may even help them discover ways to avoid an asteroid disaster in the future.66. Which of the following statement is NOT true about asteroids?A. Asteroids are composed of rock and metal.B. Asteroids orbit the sun between Mars and Jupiter.C. Large near-Earth asteroids are sure to strike Earth.D. A large asteroid colliding with Earth would cause a disaster.67. The word “perturbations”(paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.A. Formation of rocksB. Disturbance of motionC. Estimation of scientistsD. Influences of size68. What scientists have found implies thatA. two sites of Earth hit giant asteroids millions of years agoB. Antarctica was once struck by an asteroid millions of years agoC. one asteroid left a huge hole in Mexico 250 million years agoD. the extinction of dinosaurs resulted in asteroid’s collision with Earth69. Which of the following events happened third according to the passage?A. Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object and name it Ceres.B. Scientists had a spacecraft land on Eros to learn more about the solar system.C. Asteroids orbiting the sun failed to form into planets.D. Several hundred asteroids had been identified by the end of the nineteenth century.Keys: 66-69 CBBDSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Being a normal, healthy nineteen-year-old, Rhona was in the habit of falling asleep the moment her head touched her pillow and not wakening up again until her mother called her at seven-thirty.When she awoke that morning in the grey light of early dawn, she had no idea what had disturbed her. Then she imagined, or thought she imagined, a faint smell of smoke around her nostrils (鼻孔). What was strange, though, was the very fact that she was wide awake and, according to her bedside clock, it was only a quarter to four.She sat up, listening, alert. There was definitely a smell of burning. Rising quickly, she crossed to the window and opened it quietly, thinking it would be the remains of some garden bonfire. But it wasn’t. She saw smoke and flames billowing out of a downstairs window next door.Barefoot and in pyjamas, she ran first to her parents’ room, opening their door to call, “Mum! Dad! There’s a fire next door!”Downstairs in a flash, she hurriedly dialed 999 and gave her name and address in clear, brief tones. By the time she had finished, Graeme, her elder brother, was coming running downstairs.“You go to their front door—I’ll go to the back,” she said to him.As she banged on their neighbors’ back door, she could hear a child crying in fear. Without stopping to think, Rhona lifted the large doorstop and smashed it through a glass panel, put her hand in and turned the key which opened the door.Through the smoke she saw a drying screen hung with white washing and she grabbed at as many of the damp clothes as she could on her way past towards the stairs. Halfway up she met Mr Parker carrying the baby and she hurriedly gave him some wet towels before doing the same for Mrs Parker who was behind him leading two-year-old Clare by the hand.“Crouch down as low as you can,” Rhona directed them as she took the child’s other hand. Within a matter of seconds the family was safely outside.66. Rhona woke up early in the morning because_________.A. her mother called her for an emergencyB. she heard a baby crying in fear downstairsC. she smelt something burning in the airD. the alarm clock rang as she set it67. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Rhona, together with her brother, Graeme, went to the Parkers’ rescue.B. The Parkers escaped from the burning house together.C. Rhona broke into the house by back door after smashing the glass panel.D. Rhona covered her mouth with the damp clothes before entering the Parkers’.68. According to the article, Rhona can be best described as _________.A. alert and timidB. courageous and stressedC. panic and sympatheticD. decisive and responsive69. It can be inferred that when the fire broke out, _________.A. The Parkers were at a loss what to doB. Rhona had a good knowledge of survival skillsC. Rhona showed the Parkers a safe fire escapeD. Rhona’s parents helped to save the scared childrenKeys: 66-69 CDDBSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The day began early.An agreement had been made with the little boys the evening before. They were to be allowed to celebrate the Fourth of July, the glorious day, by the blowing of horns exactly at sunrise. But they were to blow them for precisely five minutes only, and no sound of the horns should be heard afterward till the family were downstairs. It was thought that a peace might thus be brought by a short, though crowded, period of noise.The morning came. Even before the morning, at half-past three o’clock, a terrible blast of the horns aroused the whole family.The number of the horns was most remarkable! It was as though every cow in the place had arisen and was blowing through both her own horns! “How many little boys are there? How many have we?” exclaimed Mr. Peterkin, going over their names one by one mechanically thinking he would do it, as he might count imaginary sheep jumping over a fence, to put himself to sleep. The counting could not put him to sleep now, in such a loud noise.And how unexpectedly long the five minutes seemed! Elizabeth Eliza was to take out her watch and give the signal for the end of the five minutes, and the ceasing of the horns. Why did not the signal come? Why did not Elizabeth Eliza stop them?And certainly it was long before sunrise; there was no dawn to be seen! “ We’ll not try this plan again,” said Mrs. Peterkin. “If we live to another Fourth,” added Mr. Peterkin, hurrying to the door to inquire into the state of affairs.Alas! Amanda, by mistake, had waked up the little boys an hour too early. And by another mistake the little boys had invited three or four of their friends to spend the night with them. Mrs. Peterkin had given them permission to have the boys for the whole day, and they understood the day as beginning when they went to bed the night before. This accounted for the number of horns.It would have been impossible to hear any explanation; but the five minutes were over, and the horns had ceased, and there remained only the noise of a singular leaping of feet, explained perhaps by a possible pillow-fight, that kept the family below partially awake until the bells and cannon made known the drowning of the glorious day, the sunrise, or “the rising of the sons,” as Mr. Peterkin jokingly called it when they heard the little boys and their friends clattering down the stairs to begin the outside festivities.66. According to the passage, which event happened first?A. Mr. Peterkin noted how many boys there were.B. The Peterkins were awakened by the boys.C. Elizabeth gave the signal to stop the horns.D. Mr. Peterkin exclaimed how many boys they had.67. What did the 7th paragraph talk about?A. The place where the boys blew their horns.B. The time when Elizabeth Eliza stopped them.C. The way how the boys blew their horns.D. The reason why more horns were over there.68. The probable main idea of this passage is that _______________.A. the little boys didn’t carry out the agreement thoroughlyB. the little boys didn’t see the signal to stop blowing their horns.C. the little boys blew horns to greet the dawn of July 4th so early.D. the Peterkins enjoyed children’s blowing of the horns on July 4th.69. Which question is not answered in the story?A. When did the horn blowing begin?B. How long ago did the custom start?C. Why did the boys blow the horns in the morning?D. How did the Peterkins feel about the horn blowing?Keys: 66-69 BDCBSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Culturally speaking, America might be called a European colony. No other country whose origins lie in Europe has had so sharp an awareness of its distinction and superiority to the parent cultures. Running through American history, and therefore through American literature, is a double consciousness of Old World modes and New World possibilities. As American, the writer has distributed Europe; as writer, he has envied the riches available to his European Counterpart.In the nineteenth century some immigrants came in order to avoid military service in their homeland. But even so, the snowballing process had for most Americans a deep, almost legendary significance.In the legends, Europe was associated with the Past, with British red-coats at Concord, absentee landlords(不在的地主)，dynastic pride, hunger, poverty, oppression. America, by contrast, was the future: plenty, prosperity, freedom. For much of its history America has been a busy, restless land, more interested in innovation than in conservation(保守). Its people have been highly optimistic, setting great store by the ability of the individual to overcome obstacles. The individual has had a right to expect success. Optimism and pessimism mix unusually in American writing; Mark Twain is an obvious example. Or, the individual tends to set himself up in a dramatic relationship to society.Yet although American literature has revealed certain fairly permanent trends, it has not been a still affair. Its tone has changed from decade to decade.66. What does the underlined p hrase “the parent cultures” refer to?A. Culture of parentsB. Culture of EuropeC. Culture of BritainD. Culture of America67. What is the American writer’s attitude towards Europe?A. He hates Europe for its conversation, poverty and permission.B. He has no trust in Europe and is also jealous of its riches.C. He envies that all the Europeans are much richer.D. He believes that America is looked down upon.68. What is the main characteristic of the American writing?A. The description of a dramatic relation between the individual and society.B. The optimistic description of the Americans overcoming obstacles.C. The strange combination of optimism and pessimism.D. The ever changing of its characteristic from decade to decade.69. The main idea of this passage is about _____.A. a double consciousness in American literature.B. the European culture’s contribution to America literature.C. optimism and pessimism in America writingD. Americans can always overcome obstacles.Keys: 66-69 BBCASection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Dennis Sinar, 51, a doctor from New York, is quick to explain why he took a year-long break from his job. “I was pretty burned out after practicing medicine for 26 years. I needed a recharge.” So he took a“gap year”, from July 2011 to June 2012, to explore things like ancient buildings, antique restoration, archaeology and traditional Eastern medicine, in locations including Alaska, Nepal and Romania.“Taking a break from work is an excelle nt way for adults to go into a new career or refresh an old one,” said Holly Bull, president of Princeton, N, J. “In recent years, mid-career breaks have been gaining more interest,” she said. A report on adult gap years published this year by a market res earch company also described the potential American market for gap years as a “sleeping giant.”“A gap year is a challenge for the older individual to step out of a comfort zone and take a risk. I enjoyed that side most.” said Dr. Sinar, who kept a daily b log about his experience. His time studying Eastern medicine “assured the reasons I went into health care,” said Dr. Sinar, who returned to practice medicine at his old job, although he works fewer days. “I use those experiences to provide my patients with more care,” he added. “And I listen better than I did before.”George Garritan, chairman of the Department of Leadership and Human Capital Management at New York University, certainly agrees with Dr. Sinar. He said a gap-year experience could be worthwhile for employees and companies. For employees, investing in themselves and improving skill sets is a move that will benefit throughout their career. He added that returning employees feel refreshed and have given more thought to their career. For companies, offering unpaid leaves makes good sense for attracting and keeping talented employees.66. Dr. Sinar took a gap year because he ________.A. had lost his old jobB. wanted to refresh after 26 years’ workC. had a desire for travellingD. became interested in historical research67. The phrase “sleeping giant” (in 2nd paragraph) indicates that ________.A. it’s too early for people to accept the conception of gap yearB. the effect of gap year policy remains to be seenC. it’s difficult to fores ee the gap year marketD. more American people will accept the gap year policy68. What’s George Garritan’s attitude toward the “gap year”?A. Positive.B. DoubtfulC. Uninterested.D. Uncertain.69. What’s the passage mainly about?A. How an adult plans a mid-career gap year.B. Why a gap year is worthwhile for adults.C. Whether a gap year is popular with adults.D. Why a gap year is challenging for individuals.Keys: 66-69 BDABSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read．(A)It’s a typically Snoopy card: cheerful message, bright colors, though a little yellow and faded now. Though I’ve received fancier, more expensive card over the years, this is the only one I’ve saved. One summer, it spoke volumes to me.I received it during the first June I faced as a widow to raise two teen age daughters alone. In all the emotional confusion of this sudden single parenthood, I was overwhelmed with, of all things, the simplest housework: leaky taps, oil changes, even barbecues. Those had always been my husband’s jobs. I was embarrassed every time I hit my thumb with a hammer or couldn’t get the lawnmower started. My uncertain attempts only fueled the fear inside me: How could I be both a father and mother to my girls? Clearly, I lacked the tools and skills.On this particular morning, my girls pushed me into the living room to see something.(I prayed it wasn’t another repair job.)The “something “turned out to be an envelope and several wrapped bundles on the carpet. My puzzlem ent must have been plain as I gazed from the colorful packages to my daughter’s bright faces.“Go ahead! Open them! “They urged. As I unwrapped the packages, I discovered a small barbecue grill and all the necessary objects including a green kitchen glove with a frog pattern on it."But why?" I asked."Happy Father's Day!" they shouted together."Moms don't get presents on Father's Day". I protested."You forgot to open the card". Jane reminded. I pulled it from the envelope. There sat Snoopy, on top of his dog house, merrily wishing me a Happy Father's Day. "Because", the girls said, "you've been a father and mother to us. Why shouldn't you be remembered on Father's Day?"As I fought back tears, I realized they were right, I wanted to be a "professional" dad, who had the latest tools and knew all the tricks of the trade. The girls only wanted a parent they could count on to be there, day after day, performing repeatedly the maintenance tasks of basic care and love.The girls are grown now, and they still send me Father's Day cards, but none of those cards means as much to me as that first one. Its simple message told me being a great parent didn't require any special tools at all—just a willing worker.66. By "it spoke volumes to me", (Para. 1) the mother in the story means the card______. A．conveyed significant meanings to her B．aroused great sorrow in herC．brought her pleasant feelings D．made her feel important67. After her husband’s death, the mother found it was the hardest to______.A. handle the emotional shockB. face the terrible lonelinessC. Keep harmony of the familyD. Fulfill a male role in the house68. The girls gave their mother a barbecue set probably because ______.A. It was what their mother wantedB.it was a pro per Father’s Day giftC. barbecue was their favorite foodD. they wanted their mother to barbecue69. Which of the following statements is true about the first Father’s Day card?A. It made the mother eager to get the latest toolsB. It praised the mother as a professional dadC. Its fancy design impressed the mother mostD. It showed the girl’s appreciation for their mother’s loveKeys：66-69 A D D DSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)On October 24, 1929—”Black Thursday”—a wave of panic selling of stocks swept the New York Stock Exchange. The Great Depression began. By 1932, thousands of banks and businesses had failed. Industrial production was cut in half, farm income had fallen by more than half, wages had decreased 60 percent, new investment was down 90 percent and one out of every four workers was unemployed.The Republican president, Herbert Hoover was unable to take measures to deal with the economic collapse. So in the 1932 election, he was defeated by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, who promised “a New Deal for the American people”.Within the “Hundred Days”, Roosevelt rushed through Congress a number of laws to aid the recovery of the economy. The Civilian Conservation Corps put young men to work in reforestation and flood.The Federal Emergency Relief Administration aided state and local relief funds. The Agricultural Adjustment Administration paid farmers to reduce production, thus raising crop prices. The Tennessee Valley Authority built a network of dams in the Tennessee River area to generate electricity, control floods and manufacture fertilizer. The National Recovery Administration regulated fair competition among businesses and ensured bargaining rights and minimum wages for workers.The Social Security Act of 1935 established contributory old age and survivors’ pensions, as well as a joint federal state program of unemployment insurance.The Work Progress Administration was one of the most effective of the New Deal measures. Financed by taxes collected by the federal government, the WPA created millions of jobs by undertaking the construction of roads, bridges, airports and other public buildings. It kept workers in the job, thus preserving their skills and their self-respect.The New Deal programs did not end the Depression. But the economy improved as a result of this program of government intervention.66. According to the passage, “Black Thursday” is the day ________ .A. of selling stocksB. of reducing industrial productionC. the Great Depression beganD. the New Deal was implemented67. The New Deal is a number of laws ________ .A.to make young people plant trees and build damsB.to aid state and local relief fundsC.to deal with workersD.to deal with economic problems68. The WPA was an effective measure because ________ .A.it provided workers jobs of building roads and airportsB.it preserved workers’ skill and self-respectC.it provided financial aids to workersD.it ensured workers’ minimum wages69. Roosevelt made his New Deal programs effective through ________ .A. his presidential powerB. government taxationC. congress reputationD. government interventionKeys：66-69 CDADSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The term “resume” means a document describing one’s educational qualifications and professional experience. However guidelines for preparing a global resume are constantly changing. The best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the company culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring decision. The following list is a good place to start.* In many countries, it is standard procedure to attach a photo or have your photo printed on your resume. Do not attach a photograph to your resume if you are sending it to the United States, though.* Educational requirements differ from country to country. In most case of “cross-border” job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not be enough. Provide the reader with details about your studies。
上海市各区2015-2016年高三英语一模汇编----翻译-学生版(已经校对)
1、说服她不再网购是没有任何作用的。
(It)2、自苹果6问世以来，就再没有其他手机对我更有吸引力了。
(appeal)3、人口的老龄化问题十分严峻，成了全球各国政府都头疼不已的问题。
(so …that…)4、从顾客的肢体语言，这个售货员就能知道他想买什么，这让那位顾客十分惊讶。
(amaze)5、沿外滩一路缓步走来，你可以欣赏到从19世纪到21世纪的各种不同风格的欧式建筑。
（range）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．成本问题在我们的决定中起着很大的作用。
（play）2．他的所做和他的所说大相径庭。
（There）3．毫无疑问，选择学校常常能反映出父母对子女的希望。
(reflect)4．经常换工作和住所的人常常没有安全感并且缺乏责任心。
（who）5．尽管他明知暴饮暴食有害健康，但他对我们要他节食的忠告却一直置若罔闻。
(Although)1. 你养成每天听英语新闻的习惯了吗？(develop)2. 我认为在做出最终决定前，我们有必要和父母讨论一下这个问题。
(it)3. 由于对该公司开发的软件一无所知，他最终未能通过面试。
（ignorant）4. 照片的展出非常成功，一个月后约翰就辞职做了专职摄影师, 实现了他的梦想。
(So...)5. 与往届会议不同的是，本次会议各国并无明显分歧，新的协议有望达成。
（expect）1. 今年除夕你计划在哪里过？(plan)2. 下雨天上海的道路总是比平时更拥堵。
(than)3. 是一个外国人不顾自己的安危救了那个轻生的男子。
(It)4. 那天傍晚我一走出校门就遇到了一个多年不见的小学同班同学。
(No sooner)5. 无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。
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5.本题是整个翻译中难的一题，是一句长句翻译。第一个考察点是让步状语从句，引导词可用though或although。第二个考点是intend的用法，intend的时态是同学们比较难把握的一个点，用的是过去完成时，为什么呢？因为计划的初衷是发生在计划未被实行之前，大家在这道题上一定要理清时间关系。第三个考点是考察词汇实施怎么说，大家可以用carry out或是implement，注意此处是被实施，也是被动语态。
3.本题考查了No longer放句首的用法，同学们要注意给的提示词中N是大写的。第一个考查点是no longer一旦出现在句首，那么这句话就要用倒装。第二个考察点的是同位语从句，the fact that…的用法。第三个考察点是零冠词的应用，此句中部门经理是一个title，所以前面不加任何冠词。此句话难度中上，短短一句话考察的语法点较多。
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
牛刀试
1.我从未想到我校篮球队会在决赛中败北。（occur）
2.那只迷路的猴子得到了村民们的精心照顾。（care）
步步为赢
分题解析
1.本题考查了occur在It never occurred to sb. that…句型中的运用。需要注意的是该句是一句形式主语，正真的主句要用过去将来时。并且真正的主句还考察了过去将来时被动语态的应用。第一句考查的语法点较多，属于中等难度。
2.本题考查了词组take good care of的被动用法，同学们需要注意的是千万不要把by villagers中的by漏掉，此句想表达的是被村民照顾。不然就中了出题老师设下的陷阱了。
3.他再也无法忍受没有被晋升为部门经理的事实。（No longer）
4.就教师而言，没有什么比能看到学生取得进步更令人高兴的了。（than）
5.尽管这项计划的初衷是为了提高人民的生活水平，但由于种种原因计划未能实施。（intend）
真相大白
1. It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.
5. Although this plan had been intended to improve the living standards of our people, it wasn’t implemented for some reasons.
名师把脉
2015年虹口一模卷的翻译题难度中等，没有出现怪词或偏词。考察到高中阶段的部分语法点，比如：各种时态的被动语态；No longer放句首用倒装句；Although引导的让步状语从句，这个句型是14年上海高考中考到过的；there isnothing more… than doing的句型等，这个句型也是14年上海高考中考到过的。由此可见，倒装句和状语从句在整个高中英语学习的重要性。
2. That lost monkey was taken good care of by the villagers.
3. No longer can he bear the fact that he wasn’t promoted to department manager.
4. As for the teachers, There is nothing more joyful than witnessing the progress made by the students.