VCS 培训教材(中文)

Resources
Agents
/data Mount
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c1t0d1s0
hme0
qfe1
10.1.2.4 IP
Disk
NIC
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Dependencies依赖关系
• Resources can depend on other resources. 资源可以依赖其他资源 • Parent resources depend on child resources. 父资源依赖子资源 • Service groups can depend on other service groups.服务组可以依赖其他服务组 • Resource types can depend on other resource types.资源类型之间也存在依赖， 比如IP类型必须依赖NIC类型 • Rules govern service group and resource dependencies.资源和服务组之间的依赖关 系由规则管理 • No cyclic dependencies are allowed.不允许 出现循环依赖
› VCS configuration files VCS的配置文件 › VCS libraries and directories VCS的安装目录 › VCS scripts and daemons VCS的脚本和后台程序
• •
Share a single dynamic cluster configuration 共享一个动态的集群配 置 Provide application services 提供应用的服务
Mount
(Parent)
Disk
(Child)
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Private Network 私有网络
• Minimum two communication channels with separate infrastructure:至少需 要两条独立的通信链路 › Multiple NICs (not just ports)多块网卡 • • › Separate hubs, if used独立的hub Heartbeat communication determines which systems are members of the cluster.心跳之间的通信决定哪些系统是集群的成员 Cluster configuration broadcast updates cluster systems with status of each resource and service group.集群中的资源和服务组的状态信息通过广 播更新到各个节点
Cluster Server, Volume Manager, Volume Replicator, Global Cluster Manager
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Clustering: Application and Database Failover 数据库和应用的失效转移
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Service Groups 服务组
• • • A service group is a related collection of resources.服务组是资源的 一个集合 Resources in a service group must be available to the system.服务 组中的资源在系统中必须是可用的 Resources and service groups have interdependencies.服务组和资 源存在相互依赖关系
Primary server hosts application（主机提供服 务, 备机处于等待状态，一 旦主机发生故障，接管 服务）
Primary server FAILS Secondary server hosts primary application
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Resources 资源
• • • • • VCS objects that correspond to hardware or software components 包括软件和硬件组件 Monitored and controlled by VCS通过VCS来监控和控制 Classified by type通过资源类型分类 Identified by unique names and attributes通过唯一的名称和属性来 标识 Can depend on other resources within the same service group在同 一服务组中可依赖其他资源
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Resource Types 资源类型
• • General description of the attributes of a resource通常描述一种资源 的属性 Example Mount resource type attributes:例如mount资源类型的属性
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Security Level:
VCS 预备知识
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VCS的几个常用场景
Local Clustering Metropolitan HA Disaster Recovery (over SAN, MAN or LAN)
MAN
Wide Area Disaster Recovery
LAN
WAN
Cluster Server
Cluster Server, Volume Manager
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systems 系统
• • • Members of a cluster集群的一个成员 Referred to as nodes也称之为节点 Contain copies of: 包括如下内容
› Communication protocol configuration files通信协议的配置文件
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A Cluster View of Applications
• A “service group” is a collection of resources that monitor the status of an application （服务 组是各种监控应用状态的 资源的集合）
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Active/Active Clustering （互备方式）“symmetric configuration”（对称配置）
Primary server hosts primary application Secondary server hosts secondary application 两个节点提供不同的服 务，互相备用，当一个 节点故障，服务马上有 第二个节点接管服务 Primary server FAILS Secondary server hosts both primary and secondary applications
IP
Share NFS Service Group
Mount Disk NFS
NIC
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Service Group Types 服务组的类型
• Failover失效转移
› Can be partially or fully online on only one server at a time同一时 间只能在一台机器上运行 › VCS controls stopping and restarting the service group when components fail当服务组某个资源出错时，VCS控制它的停止和重启
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Security Level:
VCS 的基本概念和术语
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集群
Local Area Network
• Application failover is controlled by the service group（应用的失 效转移是由服务组来控制 的）
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Active/Passive Clustering （主备方式）“asymmetric configuration”（非对称配置）
APPLICATION
Database
File System Volumes Physical PhysicalDisk Physical Disk Disk IP Address Network Card
APPLICATION
Database File System Volumes Physical PhysicalDisk Physical Disk Disk IP Address Network Card
Fibre Switches SCSI JBODS
• • • • Several networked systems几个节点 Shared storage共享存储 Single administrative entity单个管理节点 Peer monitoring相互监控
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Agents 代理
• • • • Processes that control resources 控制资源的程序 One agent per resource type每种类型的资源对应一个代理 Agent controls all resources of that type.一个代理控制对应类型的所 有资源 Agents can be added into VCS agent framework.用户可以加入自己 的代理到VCS的框架中
Security Level:
VERITAS Cluster Server
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CONTENTS
• VCS 预备知识 • VCS的基本概念和术语 • VCS的管理集群服务 • VCS常见问题的解决 • 总结
› MountPoint 挂载点 › BlockDevice 挂载设备
•
Other example resource types:其他类型的资源
› › › › Disk磁盘 Share共享 IP浮动IP NIC网卡
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•
Parallel并行
› Can be partially or fully online on multiple servers simultaneously 可以同时在多台机器上运行 › Examples: – Oracle Parallel Server – Web, FTP servers
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