公共旅游资源经营模式

摘要

公共旅游资源是指国家所有的主要用于旅游发展的自然和历史文化资源。

在我国，以公共旅游资源为主体要素形成的旅游景区，是旅游吸引物的主要构

成部分，是我国旅游事业发展的基础。

近几年，随着旅游业的迅猛发展，公共旅游资源的经济价值越来越明显，

投资开发公共旅游资源成为社会经济热点。但是公共旅游资源作为人类生存环

境或文化遗存，还有着巨大的非经济价值，需要进行严格的保护，以使其能够

得到永续的利用。我国对公共旅游资源长期以来采取的经营模式，由于制度不

完善，并没有使公共旅游资源得到有效的保护。各地在发展旅游的目标下对公

共旅游资源经营模式进行的改革探索，由于没有考虑资源的重要性、资源本身

的属性或管理制度设计上存在着缺陷，也很难保证公共旅游资源的可持续发展。因此，根据资源特性，考虑我国的经济

发展情况，寻求圬砖的经营模式，建立有利于公共旅游资源保护和可持续发展的健全的管理体制，便成为十分重要的

课题。

该论文以公共旅游资源为研究对象，在分析了我国目前公共旅游资源儿种

典型经营模式的基础上，借鉴国外公共旅游资源经营的成功经验，以产权理论、

委托代理理论和公共产品理论为先导，构建了我国公共旅游资源经营的两种基

本模式，并提出了相应的保障条件和政策建议。同时，就构建适合我国国情的

公共旅游资源经营模式，提出了一些总体上的建议。希冀该文的研究成果能对

我国公共旅游资源的经营实践起到一定的

指导和借鉴作用。

关键词：公共旅游资源经营模式产权行政管理权Abstract

State—owned tourism resource js natural or historic resource that is owned by

the state and mainly used for tourism development．In China，tourist’scenic area that

are mostly formed from state—owned tourism resources are regarded as major parts of

tourism attraction and the foundation of China’s tourism development．

As tourism developed rapidly in the past few years，the economic value of state—owned tourism resources showed uD．Investing in exploring tourism resources

became focus of social economy．However,being people’s living environment and

cultural heritage，state-owed tourism resources possess hu辨non-economic value．

Thus they need strict protect in order to be used continuously．

Dne to institutional defections，the

management mode of state—owned resources our country adopted did not protect the resources effectively．Some 10cal

governments tried to reform the management mode of state．owned resources aiming

at developing tourism．The sustainable development of sate—owned resources cannot

be assured for the importance，artributes of resources and defections of institution

design are not taken into consideration．According to the resources‘s specific

properties and the level of our economic development，it is an essential question for

study to seek a suitable management mode and build perfect management system which helps protect state—owned

resources and their sustainable development as well．

The thesis focuses mainly on state-owned tourism resources and analyses our currently typical management mode．Drawing lessons from experience of some

developed countries，it adopts theory of property rights，theory of the Principal—Agent and theory of public goods and builds two basic management modes

of state-owned tourism resources．It also puts forward corresponding guarantee

conditions and suggestions on policies．It provides some overall suggestions by

summarizing our specific situation．111e object of this thesis is to help guide or suggest the practice of management