起重机小车运行机构设计

毕业设计

题目：起重机小车运行机构设计院系：机械工程学院

专业：机械设计制造及其自动化班级：机自1班

学生姓名：钟子期

指导教师：张翰

论文提交日期：2008年05月20日

论文答辩日期：2008年05月26日

毕业设计（论文）任务书

摘要

起重机的出现大大提高了人们的劳动效率，以前需要许多人花长时间才能搬动的大型物件现在用起重机就能轻易达到效果，尤其是在小范围的搬动过程中起重机的作用是相当明显的。在工厂的厂房内搬运大型零件或重型装置桥式起重机是不可获缺的。

随着现代科学技术的迅速发展，工业生产规模的扩大和自动化程度的提高，起重机在现代化生产过程中应用越来越广，作用愈来愈大，对起重机的要求也越来越高。尤其是计算机技术的广泛应用，许多跨学科的先进设计方法出现，这些都促使起重机的技术进入崭新的发展阶段。

桥式起重机小车主要包括起升机构、小车架、小车运行机构、吊具等部分。其中的小车运行机构主要由减速器、主动轮组、从动轮组、传动轴和一些连接件组成。

小车运行机构的总体设计有：运行阻力的计算、电动机的选择、打滑验算、减速比的计算、制动器的选择、联轴器的选择和浮动轴的选择。本设计采用JZR2交流电动机作为源动力，电动机输出轴和减速器的高速轴通过联轴器联接，通过减速器输出比较慢的转速，输出轴通过万向联轴器与浮动轴联接，浮动轴的另一端通过联轴器与车轮的芯轴联接，将动力传递给车轮，以驱动车轮的运行。

关键词:起重机, 小车运行机构

Abstract

The invention of crane has greatly increased people’s work efficiency.People can use crane to handle with huge articles,which used to be taken a long time to do, especially in a small area.The bridge type hoist crane is required to handle with huge accessory or huge device.

With fast developments of the modern technology, the expansion of industrial production and the growth of the automatic level, applications of the carnes in the modern manufacture has been more and more extensive, the effect has been bigger and bigger. Higher and higher requirement has been caused. Especially, with the broad application of computer technology and the appearance of the advanced design method of a lot of interdiscipline, which urge the technology of the carne into a brand-new seedtime.

The bridge type hoist crane car consists of protmoted organization，the car frame，the car movement organization，hoisting mechanisms and so on. Its operation structure is composed of reducer，the driving wheel group，the driven wheel group，the transmission shaft and some connect fitting. The core of this structure is the design of the reducer.

Vehicles running the overall design: the resistance operation, the motor of choice, checking skid, the reduction ratio, the brakes of choice, the choice of coupling and floating-axis choice. This design uses JZR2 Motors as a source for motor output shaft and reducer coupling of high-speed connectivity through the shaft, through the reducer relatively slow speed output, the output shaft through the universal joint connecting shaft and the floating, floating axis By coupling the other end of Mandrel connection with the wheels, will transfer power to the wheels, to drive the wheels of the running.

Key words: crance ，the car movement organization

目录

1 绪论 (1)

1.1引言 (1)

1.2起重机介绍 (1)

1.2.1 起重机的定义 (1)

1.2.2 起重机的工作原理 (1)

1.3 起重机的类型及特点 (3)

1.4 国内起重机械发展状况 (3)

1.5 国内起重机械发展趋势 (4)

1.5.1 模块化和组合化 (4)

1.5.2 大型化和专用化 (5)

1.5.3自动化和智能化 (6)

1.5.4 成套化和系统化 (6)

1.5.5 轻型化和多样化 (7)

1.5.6 新型化和实用化 (7)

2 起重机的介绍 (9)

2.1 桥式起重机的分类 (9)

2.1.1 通用桥式起重机 (9)

2.1.2 专用桥式起重机 (10)

2.1.3 电动葫芦型桥式起重机 (10)

2.2 桥式起重机的组成和特点 (11)

2.2.1 桥式起重机小车 (11)

2.2.2 桥式起重机小车运行机构 (14)

3 小车运行机构设计计算 (16)

3.1 计算条件 (16)

3.2确定机构传动方案 (16)

3.3选择车轮与轨道并验算其强度 (17)

3.4 运行阻力的计算 (17)

3.5电动机的选择 (18)

3.6减速器的设计 (19)

3.6.1 齿轮的结构形式 (19)

3.6.2 减速器箱体设计 (19)

3.6.3 减速器附件设计 (19)