动词过去式及过去分词变化规则归纳总结
常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则
常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则
1. 以-e结尾的动词:直接在词尾加-d或-ed。
例:live → lived, bake → baked
2. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词:将-y改为-i,再加-ed或-d。
例:study → studied, cry → cried
3. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词(辅音字母在重读闭音节之后):在词
尾加一个辅音字母,再加-ed或-d。
例:stop → stopped, plan → planned
4. 以“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节动词:双
写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed或-d。
例:drop → dropped, regret → regretted
5.不规则变化的动词:这些动词的过去式和过去分词形式不遵循常规
规则,需要记忆。
例:go → went → gone, eat → ate → eaten
需要注意的是,变化规则并不适用于所有动词,对于一些特殊的动词,它们的过去式和过去分词形式需要通过记忆或查询词典来学习。
动词过去式与过去分词规则
动词过去式与过去分词规则一;规则动词RegularVerbs的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成;具体变化有:1.一般的直接在词尾加-ed..如:want—wanted;work—worked;need—needed;clean—cleaned2.以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d..如:like—liked;live—lived;use—used;move—movedsmile--smiled;hope--hoped.注意:ie结尾动词;直接加d:died;tied.3.以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词;先双写结尾的辅音字母;再加-ed..如:stop—stopped;trip—trippedplanned;4.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词;先把y变成i;再加-ed..如:study—studied;carry —carried;hurry—hurried;marry—marriedworried;studied.注意:规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则:在浊辅音和元音后面dcalledk:ldborrowedbrdmovedmu:vd在清辅音后面thelpedhelptpassedpa:st在td音后面idstarted'sta:tidcounted'kauntidneeded'ni:didcounted'kauntid补充说明:二、不规则动词IrregularVerbs的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法:1.以t结尾的词;过去式与原形相同..如:put—put;let—let;cut—cut;beat—beatread—readmust--must2.以d结尾的词;把d变成t..如:build—built;lend—lent;send—sent;spend—spent3.以n结尾的词;在词后加t..如:mean—meant;burn—burnt;learn—learnt4.以ow/aw结尾的词;把ow/aw变成ew..如:blow—blew;draw—drew;know—knew;grow—grewthrow—threw动词show除外;show—showed5.含有双写字母的词;将双写改为单写;在词尾加t..如:keep—kept;sleep—slept;feel—felt;smell—smeltsweep—swept6.含有元音字母o/i的词;将o/i变成a..如:come—camebecome—becamesing—sang;give—gave;sit—sat;drink—drank7.以ought和aught结尾;且读音是〔:t〕的过去式..如:bring—brought;buy—bought;think—thought;catch—caught;teach—taught 8.把重读开音节中的i改为o;变成过去式..如:drive—drove;ride—rode;write—wrote9.动词原形中的e改为o;如:get—got;forget—forgot10.动词原形中的ee改为e;如:feed—fed;meet—met11.动词原形中的eak改为oke;如:break—broke;speak—spoke12.动词原形中的ell改为old;如:sell—sold;tell—told13.动词原形中的an改为oo;如:stand—stood;understand—understood14.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式..如:can—could;shall—should;will—would15.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式;并且发生音变..如:hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕;say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕;mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕16.不符合上述规律的动词过去式..如:am;is—was;are—were;build—built;do—did;eat—ate;fall—fell;find—found;fly—flew;go—went;have/has—had;hold—held;leave—left;make—made;may—might;run—ran;see—saw;take—took不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表一、AAA.原形;过去式和过去分词一致1.花费costcostcost2.割cutcutcut3.伤害hurthurthurt4.让letletlet5.放putputput6.朗读readreadread7.设置、安置setsetset8.打击;碰撞hithithit9.关上门窗shutshutshut10.让letletlet二、ABB过去式和过去分词一致1过去式、过去分词含有-ought1.带来bringbroughtbrought2.买buyboughtbought3.打架fightfoughtfought4.想thinkthoughtthought5.寻找、探究seeksoughtsought2过去式、过去分词含有-aught5.抓住catchcaughtcaught6.教teachtaughttaught 3过去式、过去分词-t替换原形-d7.建筑buildbuiltbuilt8.借出lendlentlent 9.花费spendspentspent10.派遣sendsentsent4过去式、过去分词在原形词尾加t或d11.学会learnlearnt/edlearnt/ed12.意思meanmeantmeant13.燃烧burnburnt/edburnted14.做梦dreamdreamt/eddreamt/ed15.处理dealdealtdealt16.听hearheardheard5过去式、过去分词改为-ept19.扫sweepsweptswept17.保持keepkeptkept18.睡觉sleepsleptslept6过去式、过去分词改为-elt22.拼写spellspelt/edspelt/ed20.感觉feelfeltfel21.嗅smellsmelt/edsmelt/ed7过去式、过去分词改为-aid25.支付paypaidpaid23.孵蛋laylaidlaid24.说saysaidsaid8过去式、过去分词改为-old26.卖sellsoldsold27.告诉telltoldtold9过去式、过去分词改为-ood28站standstoodstood29.明白understandunderstoodunderstood10其它变化30.得到getgotgotgotten31.坐sitsatsat32.照顾babysitbabysatbabysat33.离开leaveleftleft34.失去loselostlost35.找到findfoundfound36.有havehashadhad37.握住;召开holdheldheld 38.制造makemademade39.悬挂hanghunghung40.照耀shineshoneshone41.赢winwonwon42.逃跑fleefledfled43.喂feedfedfed44.引导;导致leadledled45.遇见meetmetmet三、ABA过去式与原形一致1.变成becomebecamebecome2.来comecamecome3.跑runranrun四、ABC原形、过去式、过去分词各不一样1.过去分词在过去式或原形后加-n或-en1.击败beatbeatbeaten2.破坏breakbrokebroken3.驾驶drivedrovedriven4.吃eatateeaten5.落下fallfellfallen6.给givegavegiven7.生长growgrewgrown9.吹blowblewblown8.知道knowknewknownGrammar一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成:助动词havehas+动词的过去分词过去分词的构成方法如下:A:1.一般情况下;直接在动词原形后面加–ed.Eg.workedansweredobeyedwanted2.以不发音的-e结尾的动词只加–d.movedhopeddivided3.字尾是辅音+y的动词..则将y改i加ed.studiedtidiedsatisfied4.以重读闭音节结尾的词;这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时;双写这个辅音字母;再加–ed.stoppedregretteddropped二、现在完成时的用法1、现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束;但该动作对现在产生了影响;与现在情况具有因果关系..例如:Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把灯关了..动作结束于过去;但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了..现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续;因此;该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语如:already;yet;before;recently等、频度时间状语如:never;ever;once等、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语如:thismorning/month/year...;today等连用..例如:Haveyoufoundyourpenyet 你已找到你的钢笔了吗2、现在完成时的"未完成用法"现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻;一直延续到现在;或可能还要继续下去..例如:1.Hehaslivedheresince1978/hemovedhere.自从1978年以来;他一直住在这儿..动作起始于1978年;一直住到现在;可能还要继续住下去..2.Ihavebeeninthearmyformorethan5years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了..动作开始于5年前;一直延续至今;有可能还要继续下去..此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语由since或for引导;或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语如:uptonow;sofar到目前为止等..例如:Ihaveheardnothingfromhimuptonow.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息..三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式;而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是"助动词have/has+过去分词"..如:Thefilmstartedat7o'clock.Hehasbeenateacherformanyyears.(2)一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用..如:yesterday;lastweek;twoyearsago;justnow;in2002等;而现在完成时则常与just;already;ever;never等副词和thesedays;thisweek;since...;for.../since...ago/uptonow/sofar等表示一段时间的状语连用..3一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作..说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情;不强调对"现在"产生的影响..如:HevisitedGuilinin1998.他1998年参观过桂林..只说明去桂林的时间现在完成时表示动作发生在过去;对现在造成了影响或产生了结果..不与确定的过去时间状语连用..如:Jillhasboughtanewcomputer.吉尔买了一台新电脑..着重点是现在有了一台新电脑看看以下的几组句子;有什么区别AHaveyouseenthefilmBDidyouseethefilm说明你看过这部电影吗 A句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解;B句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过;并不强调是否知道其内容.. AHehaslivedinBeijingfor8years.BHelivedinBeijingfor8years.说明他在北京住了8年..A句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了8年;可能还会继续在北京住下去..B句讲的是他在北京住过8年;现在不在北京了..。
(完整版)动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式、过去分词变化规则
(一)分规则变化和不规则变化两种.不规则变化需逐个记忆(二)规则变化遵循以下原则:
(1) 一般情况下,在动词后加ed构成:work / worked,stay / stayed,shout / shouted等.
(2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d:close / closed,like / liked,live / lived,smile / smiled等.
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-ed:study / studied,carry / carried等.
(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且(中间只有一个元音字母)且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed:stop / stopped,admit / admitted,refer / referred,prefer / preferred等.
【注】(1) 以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ed.
(2) 动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced.
(3) 词尾-ed 读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id].
(三)不规则变化分类记忆表
初中英语不规则动词表(一)
四、ABB型。
动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式、过去分词变化规则
(一)分规则变化和不规则变化两种.不规则变化需逐个记忆
(二)规则变化遵循以下原则:
(1) 一般情况下,在动词后加ed构成:work / worked,stay / stayed,shout / shouted等.
(2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d:close / closed,like / liked,live / lived,smile / smiled等.
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-ed:study / studied,carry / carried等.
(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且(中间只有一个元音字母)且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed:stop / stopped,admit / admitted,refer / referred,prefer / preferred 等.
【注】(1) 以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ed.
(2) 动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced.
(3) 词尾-ed 读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id].
(三)不规则变化分类记忆表
初中英语不规则动词表(一)
四、ABB型。
过去式,过去分词的变化规则
过去式,过去分词的变化规则
过去式和过去分词是英语中很重要的语法形式,它们在口语和书面语中都非常常见。
它们的变化规则如下:
1. 一般情况下,动词过去式是在动词原形后加上“-ed”,如:work(工作)的过去式和过去分词是worked(工作过)。
2. 如果动词原形以“e”结尾,只需要加上“-d”,如:love(爱)的过去式和过去分词是loved(爱过)。
3. 如果动词原形以辅音字母加“y”结尾,将“y”改为“i”,
再加上“-ed”,如:try(尝试)的过去式和过去分词是tried(尝
试过)。
4. 如果动词原形以元音字母加辅音字母结尾,又重读最后一个
音节,需要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加上“-ed”,如:stop(停止)的过去式和过去分词是stopped(停止过)。
5. 不规则动词的过去式和过去分词则需要特殊记忆,如:go(去)的过去式和过去分词是went(去过)和gone(去过)。
总之,掌握过去式和过去分词的变化规则对于学好英语非常重要。
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动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式、过去分词变化规则(一)分规则变化和不规则变化两种.不规则变化需逐个记忆(二)规则变化遵循以下原则:(1)一般情况下,在动词后加ed构成:work/worked,stay/stayed,shout/shouted等.⑵在以-e结尾动词后只加d:close/closed,like/liked,live/lived,smile/smiled等.(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i再加-ed:study/studied,carry/carried等. (4)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且(中间只有一个元音字母)且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加一ed:stop/stopped,admit/admitted,refer/referred,prefer/preferred等.【注】(1)以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control/controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel/travel(l)ed.(2)动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced.(3)词尾-ed读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id].(三)不规则变化分类记忆表初中英语不规则动词表(一)一、AAA型(原形T原形T原形)二、ABA型(原形T过去式T原形)三、ABC型1.owTewTown2.iTaTu3.原形T过去式T过去式+(6立4.原形T过去式T原形+(e)n5.无规律四、ABB型1.原形—ought—ought2.原形—aught—aught3.变其中一个元音字母4.原形—口代—口代5.变其中一个辅音字母6.辅音字母和元音字母都变六、有两种形式七、情态动词初中英语不规则动词表(二)。
(完整版)动词过去式和过去分词
动词过去式和过去分词总结1、规则变化有六种情况:1)一般在动词原形后加-ed原形过去式过去分词look looked [lukt] lookedcall called[kɔ:ld] calledopen opened openedneed needed needed①-ed在清辅音音素后发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕后发音为[id] needed [ni:did]2)以-e结尾的动词直接加-d原形过去式过去分词move moved [mu:vd] movedphone phoned phonedhope hoped [həupt] hopedagree agreed [əˈgri:d] agreed3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-edstudy studied [ˈstʌdid] studied carry carried cariiedtry tried [traid] tried4、以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-edplay played [pleid] played enjoy enjoyed enjoyed stay stayed [steid] stayed5、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-edstop stopped stopped[stɔpt] plan planned planned [plænd] fit fitted fitted [fitid] 6、以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-edprefer preferred preferred[priˈfə:d] refer referred referred [riˈfə:d]2、不规则变化。
动词过去式和过去分词变化 规则
ran
run
running runs
跑
ABB型 原形 过去式
过去分词
understandunderstood understood
bring build
brought built
brought built
现分/动名词 三单
中文
understands 理解、明 understanding
白
bringing briቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱgs
permit-
如:stop-
特例:
以-l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l, 如:control-controlled, 尾音节不 重读时,双不双写都可以,如:travel-traveled(美)/travelled(英)
5. 不规则动词变化
⑴以t结尾,过去式与原形相同。如:put, let, cut, beat, must
sat
sitting
slept
sleeping
spent
spending
stood swept taught told thought won
standing sweeping teaching telling thinking winning
shines shows sits sleeps spends
hangs hears holds keeps learns leaves lends lights loses makes means meets pays says sells sends
燃烧 买 抓住、赶 上 处理 挖 喂养 感觉 打架 发现、找 到 悬挂 听 举办 保持 学习 离开 借 点燃 丢失 制造 意味 遇见 付给 说 卖 送
动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式、过去分词变化规则
(一)分规则变化和不规则变化两种.不规则变化需逐个记忆
(二)规则变化遵循以下原则:
(1) 一般情况下,在动词后加ed
构成:work / worked,stay /
stayed,shout / shouted等.
(2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d:
close / closed,like /
liked,live / lived,smile /
smiled等.
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-ed:study / studied,carry / carried等.
(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且(中间只有一个元音字母)且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed:stop / stopped,admit / admitted,refer /
referred,prefer / preferred 等.
【注】(1) 以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ed.
(2) 动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced.
(3) 词尾-ed 读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id].
(三)不规则变化分类记忆表
初中英语不规则动词表(一)。
动词过去式、过去分词变化规则
动词过去式、过去分词变化规则一、规则变化:1. 一般在动词原形后加-edlook -> looked; need -> needed2. 以-e结尾的动词加-dmove -> moved3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-edcarry -> carried; study -> studied4. 以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-edstay -> stayed; play -> played5. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop -> stopped; regret -> regretted(但fix的过去式和过去分词x不双写,为fixed)6. 以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-edrefered -> referred; prefer -> preferred二、对于不规则变化,也有些规律可循,下面归纳得不错:动词过去式、过去分词不规则变化AB型can could shall should will would may mightAAA型cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurtlet let let must must mustput put putset set set shut shut shutread read readAAB型beat beat beatenABA型become became becomecome came comerun ran run ABB型bring brought brought buy bought bought think thought thought catch caught caught teach taught taughtbuild built built lend lent lent send sent sent spend spent spent dig dug dug hang hung hungfeel felt felt keep kept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept swept leave left left smell smelt smeltspill spilt spilt lay laid laid pay paid paidsay said saidsell sold soldtell told told sit sat sat spit spat spat stand stood stood understand understood understood learn learnt learnt mean meant meantspoil spoilt spoilt shine shone shonewin won wonhave had hadmake made madehear heard heardfind found foundhold held heldABC型begin began begundrink drank drunkring rang rungsing sang sungsink sank sunkswim swam swumblow blew blownfly flew flown grow grew grown know knew known throw threw thrown draw drew drawn show showed shownbreak broke broken choose chose chosenforget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen speak spoke spokenwake woke wokendrive drove driveneat ate eatenfall fell fallen give gave givenhide hid hidden ride rode ridden rise rose risen take took taken mistake mistook mistakenwrite wrote written am,is was beenare were beendo did done go went gone lie lay lain see sawseenwear wore worn易错型show showed showndraw drew drawnfall fell fallen feel felt felt hold held held help helped helped think thought thoughtthank thanked thankedtake took takentalk talked talkedget got got forget forgot forgotten meet met metmean meant meanthit hit hit hide hid hidden ring rang rungbring brought broughteat ate eatenbeat beat beatenlie lay lainlay laid laidfind found found found founded foundedbuy bought bought bring brought brought learn learntlearnthear heard heard听写时出问题,补充:fly flew flownflow flowed flowedregret regretted regretted(注:可编辑下载,若有不当之处,请指正,谢谢!)。
(完整版)动词过去式及过去分词变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
Ⅰ. 规则变化:1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted 注:A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时, 双不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。
B. 特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked(交易,在…通行)另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)C. 读音与说明:①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed③.-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permittedII. 不规则动词表:(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)cost(花费)cost cost shut shut shutcut(割)cut cut spit spit/spat spit/ spat(英)hit(打)hit hit hurt 伤害)hurt hurtlet(让)let let put(放)put putread (读)read read(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)beat(跳动)beat beaten(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)become(变成)became become awake awoke awokencome(来)came come run(跑)ran run(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)dig(挖)dug dug build built builtget(得到)got got/gotten catch caught caughthang(吊死)hanged hanged deal dealt dealthang(悬挂)hung hung feed fed fedhold(抓住)held held find found foundshine(照耀)shone shone forbid forbade/forbad forbiddensit(坐)sat sat pay paid paidwin (赢)won won send sent sentmeet(遇见)met met shoot shot shotkeep (保持)kept kept tell told toldsleep(睡)slept slept win won wonsweep(扫)swept swept feel(感觉)felt feltsmell(闻)smelt/smelled smelt/ smelledleave(离开)left left build(建设)built builtlend(借出)lent lent send (传送)sent sentspend(花费)spent spent lose (丢失)lost lostburn (燃烧)burnt burnt learn(学习)learnt learntmean(意思是)meant meant catch(抓住)caught caughtteach(教)taught taught bring(带来)brought broughtfight (战斗)fought fought buy(买)bought boughtthink(想)thought thought hear (听见)heard heardsell(卖)sold sold tell(告诉)told toldsay(说)said said find(找到)found foundhave/has(有)had had make(制造)made madestand(站)stood stood understand明白understood understood (5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)begin(开始)began begun take(取)took takendrink(喝)drank drunk mistake(弄错)mistook mistaken ring(铃响)rang rung ride(骑)rode riddensing (唱)sang sung do(做)did doneswim(游泳)swam swum write(写)wrote writtenblow(吹)blew blown go(去)went gonedraw (画)drew drawn lie(平躺)lay lainfly(飞)flew flown see(看见)saw seengrow(生长)grew grown wear (穿)wore wornknow(知道)knew known be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been throw(投掷)threw thrown show(出示)showed shownbreak(打破)broke broken choose(选择)chose chosenforget(忘记)forgot forgotten (forgot) bear bore borne/bornspeak(说,讲)spoke spoken draw drew drawnwake(醒)woke woken dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed drive(驾驶)drove driven hide hid hiddeneat(吃)ate eaten lay laid laid 放置fall(落下)fell fallen lie lied lied 撒谎give(给)gave given lie lay lain 躺rise(升高)rose risen see saw seenshake shook shaken steal stole stolencan----could may---might will---would shall---shouldmust----must。
动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式过去分词变化规则动词过去式与过去分词是英语语法中的重要部分,掌握其变化规则对于学习和使用英语是至关重要的。
本文将介绍常见的动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则,帮助读者更好地理解和应用。
一、规则动词的变化规则1. 一般规则动词:一般规则动词的过去式和过去分词都是在动词原形后面加上-ed。
例如:原形:walk 过去式:walked 过去分词:walked2. 以-e结尾的动词:以-e结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词形式上只需在动词原形后面加上-d。
例如:原形:dance 过去式:danced 过去分词:danced3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词:以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词形式上需将y改为i,并加上-ed。
例如:原形:study 过去式:studied 过去分词:studied4. 重读闭音节动词:重读闭音节(以辅音字母结尾的单音节词或重读的多音节词)动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,则在过去式和过去分词形式上需要双写这个辅音字母,并加上-ed。
例如:原形:stop 过去式:stopped 过去分词:stopped5. 以辅音字母+er结尾的动词:以辅音字母+er结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词形式上需将er改为re,并加上-ed。
例如:原形:transfer 过去式:transferred 过去分词:transferred二、不规则动词的变化规则除了上述规则动词外,还有一些动词有不规则的过去式和过去分词形式。
以下是一些常见的不规则动词变化规则:1. be的过去式和过去分词:原形:be 过去式:was/were 过去分词:been2. have的过去式和过去分词:原形:have 过去式:had 过去分词:had3. do的过去式和过去分词:原形:do 过去式:did 过去分词:done4. go的过去式和过去分词:原形:go 过去式:went 过去分词:gone5. eat的过去式和过去分词:原形:eat 过去式:ate 过去分词:eaten总结:掌握动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则对于学习英语是非常重要的。
动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式、过去分词变化规则(一)分规则变化和不规则变化两种.不规则变化需逐个记忆(二)规则变化遵循以下原则:(1) 一般情况下,在动词后加ed构成:work / worked,stay / stayed,shout / shouted等.(2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d:close / closed,like / liked,live / lived,smile / smiled等.(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-ed:study / studied,carry / carried等.(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且(中间只有一个元音字母)且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed:stop / stopped,admit / admitted,refer / referred,prefer / preferred等.【注】(1) 以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ed.(2) 动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced.(3) 词尾-ed 读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id].(三)不规则变化分类记忆表初中英语不规则动词表(一)一、AAA型(原形→原形→原形)原形过去式过去分词汉语意思read read read读cut cut cut切,割let let let让put put put放cost cost cost花费,值hit hit hit撞,击set set set 安排,安置hurt hurt hurt使…伤痛二、ABA型(原形→过去式→原形)原形过去式过去分词汉语意思成为become became become来come came come跑run ran run三、ABC型1. ow →ew →own原形过去式过去分词汉语意思吹blow blew blown画draw drew drawn生长grow grew grown知道know knew known飞fly flew flown2. i→a →u原形过去式过去分词汉语意思开始begin began begun喝drink drank drunk唱sing sang sung游泳swim swam swum打电话ring rang rung3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n原形过去式过去分词汉语意思穿wear wore worn忘记forget forgot forgotten说speak spoke spoken冻freeze froze frozen选择choose chose chosen4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n原形过去式过去分词汉语意思吃eat ate eaten禁止forbid forbade forbidden给give gave given骑ride rode ridden看见see saw seen写write wrote written落下fall fell fallen5. 无规律原形过去式过去分词汉语意思是am/is was been是are were been做do did done走go went gone拿take took taken四、ABB型1. 原形→ought →ought原形过去式过去分词汉语意思带来bring brought brought买buy bought bought打架fight fought fought思考think thought thought2. 原形→aught →aught原形过去式过去分词汉语意思catch caught caught捉,抓教teach taught taught3. 变其中一个元音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思喂feed fed fed遇见meet met met得到get got got拥有hold held held坐sit sat sat赢win won won发现find found found4. 原形→□lt→□lt原形过去式过去分词汉语意思感到feel felt felt保持keep kept kept离开leave left left睡sleep slept slept扫sweep swept swept5. 变其中一个辅音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思建造build built built听见hear heard heard制造make made made意思mean meant meantsend sent sent送,寄花费spend spent spentdeal dealt dealt处理6.辅音字母和元音字母都变原形过去式过去分词汉语意思have had had有,吃lay lain lain放lose lost lost丢失pay paid paid付钱say said said说sell sold sold卖tell told told告诉stand stood stood站五、AAB型原形过去式过去分词汉语意思beat beat beaten打败六、有两种形式原形过去式过去分词汉语意思bear bore born生bore bornehanghanged hanged吊死hung hung挂learn learned learned学learnt learntlielied lied说谎lay lain躺show showed showed给…看showed shownspell spelled spelled拼写spelt speltburn burned burned烧burnt burntsmell smelled smelled闻smelt smeltshine shined shined照耀shone shonedream dreamed dreamed做梦dreamt dreamtwake waked waked醒woke wokenhide hid hid躲藏hid hidden七、情态动词原形过去式过去分词汉语意思can could∕能may might∕也许must∕∕必须shall should∕将要will would∕会初中英语不规则动词表(二)原形过去式过去分词汉语意思是am/is was been是are were been临时照看babysit babysat babysatbear bore born生bear bore borne生打败beat beat beaten成为become became become开始begin began begun吹blow blew blown带来bring brought brought建造build built builtburn burned burned烧burn burnt burnt烧买buy bought bought∕能can couldcatch caught caught捉,抓选择choose chose chosen来come came come花费,值cost cost cost切,割cut cut cut处理deal dealt dealt挖dig dug dug做do did done画draw drew drawn做梦dream dreamed dreamed做梦dream dreamt dreamt喝drink drank drunk驾驶drive drove driven吃eat ate eaten落下fall fell fallen喂feed fed fed感到feel felt felt打架fight fought fought发现find found found飞fly flew flown原形过去式过去分词汉语意思禁止forbid forbade forbidden忘记forget forgot forgotten冻freeze froze frozen得到get got got给give gave given走go went gone生长grow grew grownhang hanged hanged吊死hang hung hung挂have had had有,吃听见hear heard heard躲藏hide hid hid躲藏hide hid hidden撞,击hit hit hit拥有hold held held使…伤痛hurt hurt hurt保持keep kept kept知道know knew known放lay lain lainlearn learned learned学learn learnt learnt学离开leave left left把…借给lend lent lent让let let letlie lied lied说谎lie lay lain躺丢失lose lost lost制造make made made∕也许may might意思mean meant meantmeet met met遇见must∕∕必须pay paid paid付钱put put put放read read read读原形过去式过去分词汉语意思ride rode ridden骑ring rang rung打电话run ran run跑say said said说see saw seen看见sell sold sold卖send sent sent送,寄set set set 安排,安置shall should∕将要shine shined shined照耀shine shone shone照耀show showed showed给…看show showed shown给…看sing sang sung唱sit sat sat坐sleep slept slept睡闻smell smelled smelled闻smell smelt smelt说speak spoke spoken拼写spell spelled spelled拼写spell spelt spelt花费spend spent spent站stand stood stood扫sweep swept swept游泳swim swam swum拿take took taken教teach taught taught告诉tell told told思考think thought thought醒wake waked waked醒wake woke woken穿wear wore worn∕会will would赢win won won写write wrote written。
过去式过去分词变化规则
过去式过去分词变化规则过去式和过去分词是英语中常见的动词形式。
它们在句子中的使用方式和变化规则有一些区别。
一、过去式的变化规则1. 一般情况下,动词的过去式是在词尾加上-ed。
例如:walk - walked, talk - talked。
2. 以不发音的-e结尾的动词,直接加上-d。
例如:live - lived, dance - danced。
3. 以重读闭音节结尾的单词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,则双写这个辅音字母,再加上-ed。
例如:stop - stopped, plan - planned。
4. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,将y变为i,再加上-ed。
例如:study - studied, try - tried。
5. 以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加上-ed。
例如:admit - admitted, prefer - preferred。
6. 不规则动词的过去式需要特殊记忆,例如:go - went, have - had。
二、过去分词的变化规则1. 一般情况下,动词的过去分词是在词尾加上-ed。
例如:play - played, work - worked。
2. 以不发音的-e结尾的动词,直接加上-d。
例如:live - lived, dance - danced。
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,将y变为i,再加上-ed。
例如:study - studied, try - tried。
4. 以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加上-ed。
例如:admit - admitted, prefer - preferred。
5. 不规则动词的过去分词需要特殊记忆,例如:go - gone, have - had。
过去式和过去分词在句子中的使用方式也有一些区别。
过去式通常用来表示过去发生的动作或状态,而过去分词则可以用作动词的补语、形容词或短语的一部分。
动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式、过去分词变化规则(一)分规则变化和不规则变化两种.不规则变化需逐个记忆(二)规则变化遵循以下原则:(1)一般情况下,在动词后加 ed 构成:work / worked,stay / stayed,shout / shouted等.⑵ 在以-e 结尾动词后只加 d: close / closed,like / liked,live / lived,smile / smiled 等.(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i再加-ed:study / studied,carry / carried 等.(4)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且(中间只有一个元音字母)且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加一ed: stop / stopped,admit / admitted,refer / referred,prefer / preferred 等.【注】⑴以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如 travel / travel(l)ed.(2)动词picnic (野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced.(3)词尾-ed读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音田或[d]后读作[id].(三)不规则变化分类记忆表初中英语不规则动词表(一)一、AAA型(原形T原形T原形)二、八8人型(原形T过去式T原形)三、ABC型2. iTa Tu3.原形T过去式一过去#(e)n4.原形T过去式一原形+(©而5.无规律四、ABB型1.原形T ought T ought2.原形T aught T aught3.变其中一个元音字母4.原形一口代一口代七、情态动词初中英语不规则动词表(二)。
完整版动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式、过去分词变化规则(一)分规则变化和不规则变化两种. 不规则变化需逐一记忆(二)规则变化按照以下原则:(1)一般状况下 ,在动词后加 ed 组成: work / worked,stay / stayed,shout / shouted等 .(2)在以 -e 结尾动词后只加 d: close / closed,like / liked,live / lived,smile / smiled等 .(3)以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词 ,应将 y 改为 i 再加 -ed:study / studied,carry / carried等 .(4)以重读闭音节或r 音节结尾且 (中间只有一个元音字母)且末端只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed: stop / stopped,admit / admitted,refer / referred,prefer / preferred等.【注】(1) 以字母 l 结尾的动词 ,若末端一个音节为重读音节,则一定双写l 再加 -ed,如 control / controlled,但若末端一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写 l(英国英语 )或不双写l(美国英语 ),如 travel / travel(l)ed.(2) 动词 picnic( 野餐 )的过去式和过去分词是(3) 词尾 -ed 读音规则是:在清辅音后读作picnicked,不是 picniced.[t], 元音和浊辅音后读作[d], 在辅音[t] 或 [d] 后读作[id].(三)不规则变化分类记忆表初中英不表(一)一、 AAA型(原形→原形→原形)原形去式去分意思read read readcut cut cut切,割let let letput put put放cost cost cost花,hit hit hit撞,set set set安排,布置hurt hurt hurt使⋯痛二、 ABA型(原形→ 去式→原形)原形去式去分意思become became become成come came come来run ran run跑三、 ABC型1. ow → ew → own原形去式去分意思blow blew blown吹draw drew drawn画grow grew grown生know knew known知道fly flew flown2. i →a →u原形去式去分意思begin began begun开始drink drank drunk喝sing sang sung唱swim swam swum游泳ring rang rung打电话3.原形→过去式→过去式 +(e)n原形过去式过去分词汉语意思wear wore worn穿forget forgot forgotten忘掉speak spoke spoken说freeze froze frozen冻choose chose chosen选择4.原形→过去式→原形 +(e)n原形过去式过去分词汉语意思eat ate eaten吃forbid forbade forbidden严禁give gave given给ride rode ridden骑see saw seen看见write wrote written写fall fell fallen落下5.无规律原形过去式过去分词汉语意思am/is was been是are were been是do did done做go went gone走take took taken拿四、 ABB型1.原形→ought → ought原形过去式过去分词汉语意思bring brought brought带来buy bought bought买fight fought fought打斗think thought thought思虑2.原形→aught → aught原形过去式过去分词汉语意思catch caught caught捉, 抓teach taught taught教3.变此中一个元音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思feed fed fed喂meet met met遇到get got got获得hold held held拥有sit sat sat坐win won won赢find found found发现4.原形→□ lt →□ lt原形过去式过去分词汉语意思feel felt felt感觉keep kept kept保持leave left left走开sleep slept slept睡sweep swept swept扫5.变此中一个辅音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思build built built建筑hear heard heard听见make made made mean meant meant send sent sent spend spent spent deal dealt dealt 6.音字母和元音字母都原形去式去分have had had lay lain lain lose lost lost pay paid paid say said said sell sold sold tell told told stand stood stood 五、 AAB型原形去式去分beat beat beaten 六、有两种形式原形去式去分bear bore born bore bornehang hanged hanged hung hunglearn learned learned learnt learntlie lied lied lay lainshow showed showed showed shownspell spelled spelled spelt speltburn burned burned burnt burntsmell smelled smelled smelt smeltshine shined shined shone shonedream dreamed dreamed dreamt dreamtwake waked waked woke wokenhide hid hid hid hidden七、情原形去式去分can could∕may might∕must∕∕shall should∕will would∕初中英不表(二)原形去式去分am/is was been are were been 制造意思送,寄花理意思有,吃放失付告站意思打意思生吊死挂学躺⋯看拼写照射做梦醒藏意思能也必将要会意思是是babysit babysat babysat照看bear bore born生bear bore borne生beat beat beaten打become became become成begin began begun开始blow blew blown吹bring brought brought来build built built建筑burn burned burnedburn burnt burntbuy bought boughtcan could∕能catch caught caught捉, 抓choose chose chosencome came come来cost cost cost花,cut cut cut切,割deal dealt dealt理dig dug dug挖do did done做draw drew drawn画dream dreamed dreamed做梦dream dreamt dreamt做梦drink drank drunk喝drive drove driveneat ate eaten吃fall fell fallen落下feed fed fed喂feel felt felt感觉fight fought fought打斗find found foundfly flew flown原形去式去分意思forbid forbade forbidden严禁forget forgot forgotten忘freeze froze frozenget got got获得give gave givengo went gone走grow grew grown生hang hanged hanged吊死hang hung hung挂have had had有, 吃hear heard heard听hide hid hid藏hide hid hidden藏hit hit hit撞,hold held held有hurt hurt hurt使⋯痛keep kept kept保持know knew known知道lay lain lain放learn learned learned学learn learnt learnt学leave left left走开lend lent lent把⋯借let let letlie lied liedlie lay lain躺lose lost lost失make made made制造may might∕也mean meant meant意思meet met met遇must∕∕必pay paid paid付put put put放read read read原形去式去分意思ride rode riddenring rang rung打run ran run跑say said saidsee saw seen看sell sold soldsend sent sent送, 寄set set set安排,布置shall should∕将要shine shined shined照射shine shone shone照射show showed showed⋯看show showed shown⋯看sing sang sung唱sit sat sat坐sleep slept slept睡smell smelled smelledsmell smelt smeltspeak spoke spokenspell spelled spelled拼写spell spelt spelt拼写spend spent spent花stand stood stood站sweep swept sweptswim swam swum游泳take took taken拿teach taught taught教tell told told告think thought thought思虑wake waked waked醒wake woke woken醒wear wore worn穿will would∕会win won wonwrite wrote written写。
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动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则:动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化:
1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked
2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced
3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied
4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结
尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted 现在分词的变化规则:
1、一般在词尾加-ing(一般-ing)。
例如:going,playing,knowing
2、以不发音的字母e结尾,先去e再加-ing(去e)。
例如:making,arriving,coming
3、以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing(重闭单辅先双写)。
例如:running,stopping,preferring
4、以-ie结尾,先将-ie改成y,再加-ing。
例如:tying,dying, lying
口诀:现在进行ing,以e 结尾要去e,除去几个特殊词,系住tie-tying死去die-dying要躺下lie-lying,直接ie变成y,
一元一辅双写辅(单音节的词)。
把原形变单数第三人称方法
1、一般情况加S
2、以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es
3、y前是辅音改y为i加es
4、特殊情况have变has
规则的可数名词的复数变化规则:
1.一般情况加s :book-- books mouth---mouths house---houses girl---girls
2.以s 、sh 、ch 、x结尾的加es :class--- classes box----boxes match----matches
3.辅音字母+ y结尾的变y为i加es:city---cities country----countries party----parties factory----factories
4.以o 结尾的词+es的只有以下词:heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros
以o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母+s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos)
5.以f,fe 结尾的变f或fe为v +es :
一、人称代词
表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词,叫做人称代词。
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:
人称代词主格:作主语,表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too.We/You/They are students.
人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。
Give it to me. Let’s go (let’s =let us)
二、物主代词
表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词,也可叫做代词所有格。
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人称和数的变化见下表。