英汉省译和增译

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
glass of iced water before you sip, and now and again a
leaf came drifting- from nowhere,from the sky. 一丝风都没有,但张开嘴却可以感到一丝寒意,
就像啜饮一杯冰水前先吸到的冷气。偶尔还会有 一片叶子飘来—不知来自何方,或许来自天上。
and antelope crossing , almost half a kilometer away. 深夜,一轮满月下,一切似乎都沐浴在超自然的
静谧月光之中,我们可以看见河里满是石块,远 处大约半公里处,还有鹿群和羚羊穿过。
省译(E-C)
例 5:
He shut himself away and listened to a great
增译 (C-E)
例6:
消费者物价指数持续上涨,政府已经开始采取抑 制物价上涨的措施,并开始实施一些惠民政策。
As the CPI (Consumer Price Index) keeps
increasing, the government has taken some measures to curb the rise of the price and implemented some policies to benefit the people.
university continues this kind of “babyfeeding”?
增译 (C-E)
例4:
全公司员工共同努力,有什么任务会完不成呢?
If the entire company makes joint effort,
what task can’t we fulfill?
安妮打垒球,也踢足球。
省译(E-C)
英文中的and 如果表示顺承关系,即所联系 的两个动作或分句是先后关系,在汉语中 一般更要省译。如:
例3 : My friend grew up living in a forest in Europe,
and the moon meant a lot to him.
deal of loud music. 他把自己关了起来,听了许多声音很大的
音乐。
省译(E-C)
例6:
There I will grow vegetables and read books and walk
in the mountains-and perhaps write, but not in anger.I
may grow old there, and wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled and measure out my life in coffee
spoons. 我会在那里种菜,读书,在山间漫步—或许还要
写作,但没有愤怒。我可能在那里度过晚年,挽 起裤脚,悠闲地喝着咖啡度日。
the temple for the night.
增译 (C-E)
例10: 他这个人不老实,我不信任他。
Since he is dishonest, I don’t trust him.

He is dishonest, so I don’t trust him.
增译Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu(C-E)
省译 和增译-连词
“并列连词”和“从属连词”都是英语重要的语法
手段,体现了英文句子中严密的逻辑性。 汉语中的并列连词,尤其是与英文连词and对应的
“和”字并不像英文使用得如此频繁,所以翻译 的时候往往省略,特别是连接动词短语或分句的 “and”. 而汉语有时候虽然也使用成对的关联词,如“因 为…所以…”“虽然…但是…”“如果…就…”等,但 很多时候,汉语的分句与分句之间的关系是通过
例11: 人不犯我,我不犯人。
We will not attack unless we are attacked.
增译 (C-E)
例12: 不知苦中苦,那知甜中甜?
If you have never tasted the bitterness of gall,
how can you know the sweetness of honey?
增译 (C-E)
例7: 我多次劝他放弃一些不现实的想法,他对此置若
罔闻。
Though I have persuaded him for times to
give up some unrealistic ideas, he always turns a deaf ear to what I have said. 或: I have persuaded him for times to give up
增译 (C-E)
以上是英译汉过程中省译连词的例子,从 这些例子中我们可以悟出:英译汉时遇到 连词应首先想到省译,因为这是英语和汉 语的一个区别,如果省译不通,再适当译 出连词。而汉译英则相反,在汉译英时尤 其要注意添加连词。
增译 (C-E)
例1: 母亲吸烟的孩子,他们的肺发育没有达到应该达
some unrealistic ideas, but he always turns
a deaf ear to what I have said.
增译 (C-E)
例8 这个制度漏洞太多,已失去了效果。
This system has become ineffective since it
省译(E-C)
从属连词在很多时候也省译 例7:
The chestnut husks split wide when open when
they came to the ground, revealing the polished brown of the shy fruit. 栗子落在地上,外壳绽裂开来,羞答答地 露出亮棕色的果实。
增译 (C-E)
例2:
今后五年,中国将新增发电装机容量八千万千瓦, 新建铁路一万六千公里新增七千万到八千万门局 用电话交换机。
In the coming five years, China will increase its power generation capacity by 80 million kilowatts, extend its railway by 16,000 kilometers and increase its telephones lines by 70-80 million.
增译 (C-E)
例14: 种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。
If you have sown melons, you will harvest melons while if you have sown beans, you will
省译(E-C)
例10:
We knew spring was coming as
we had seen a robin. 我们看到了一只知更鸟,知道春天
快要来了。
省译(E-C)
例11: It had been a fine, golden autumn, a
lovely farewell to those who could lose their youth, and some of them their lives, before the leaves turned again in a peacetime fall. 那是个天气晴朗﹑迷人的金色秋天,美好 的秋色为那些青年送别。待到战后和平时 期,黄叶纷飞的秋天再度来临,当日的青 年已经青春不再,有的已经失去了生命。
到的速度,其发育程度实际上比母亲不吸烟的孩 子低7%。 The lungs of the children whose mothers are smokers are not developing as fast as those of the lungs of the children whose mothers are non-smokers and are, in fact, 7% less developed than those of the latter.
省译和增译
(E-C,C-E)
形合和意合
形合,就是指句子内部的词语之间﹑短语
之间或分句之间主要用语言手段(即形式 手段)连接起来,从而表达出句子的语法 意义和逻辑关系
意合,指句子内部的词语之间﹑短语之间
或分句之间主要用非语言手段(即非形式 手段)连接,句子的语法意义和逻辑关系 通过词语﹑短语和分句的意义即能表达出 来。
省译(E-C)
例8:
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
省译(E-C)
例9:
The air was motionless, but when you opened your
mouth there was just a faint chill, like a chill from a
增译 (C-E)
例13: 问遍千家成行家。
Learn from numerous advisors,and you will
become a master. 或:
After learning from numerous advisors, you will
become a master.
增译 (C-E)
除有时根据英文文法添加and外,汉译英时更多 的根据意思表现出来的逻辑关系,添加一些表示 条件﹑时间﹑原因﹑让步等的从属连词,如:
增译 (C-E)
例3: 大学再来进行这样的“育婴”,岂不是一个没完
没了的恶性循环?
Isn’t it an endless vicious cycle if the
增译 (C-E)
例5:
居里因车祸去世,居里夫人继续了他的教职,支 撑着艰苦的研究工作。
After Mr. Curie was killed in a car accident,
Madam Curie took over his teaching and persisted in the hard research.
has many disadvantages. 或:
This system has many disadvantages, so it
has lost its effect.
增译 (C-E)
例9: 天相当晚了,我们决定在那座庙里过夜。
As it was quite late, we decided to stay in
前后意思表现出来,不一定要依赖连词,因此英 译汉时英文中的从属连词往往省译,而汉译英时 往往要根据分句之间的连贯添加本来没有的连词。
省译(E-C)
例1:
We went to the opera and saw Carmen.
我们去听歌剧,见到了卡门。
省译(E-C)
例2:
Annie plays softball, and she plays soccer too.
我的朋友在欧洲的一个森林长大,月亮对 他来说意义非同一般。
省译(E-C)
例4: Late at night, underneath the full moon, everything
seemed bathed in a quiet supernatural light, and we could see the stones in the river, and watch the deer
省译 和增译
英译汉省译连词 汉译英增译连词
省译 和增译-连词
英文中的连词(conj.)是连接分句与分句或 短语与短语的手段,说明所连接成分之间 的逻辑关系。其中,连接并列成分的连词 称为“并列连词”( cordinating conjunction) 如and 和but;表示其他逻辑关系,如因果﹑ 让步﹑条件﹑时间﹑目的﹑结果等从属关 系的连词称为“从属连词”(subordinating conjunction)
相关文档
最新文档