非谓语动词学案(附答案)

非谓语动词

动词除了在句子中充当谓语外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质动词的非谓语形式，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语等，称作非谓语动词，包括动词不定式、分词和动名词。

高考重点要求：

1、注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定非谓语动词的时态形式

2、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式

一、理论知识（《全优课堂》P302-304页

请找出以下句子的谓语动词和非谓语动词

The dinosaur was forced to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal needing less space and food.

谓语动词____________________

非谓语动词___________________

非谓语动词的三种基本形式

表主动，将来_____________

表主动，进行_____________

表被动，完成_____________

分析一下不定式的形式及意义

1/ We all expect the boy to win the match. ( to do 表______________)

2/ The problem to be discussed tomorrow is of great importance. ( to be done 表_____________)

3/ Tom was considered to have broken the cup. ( to have done 表_________________)

4/ The cup was considered to have been broke n by Tom. ( to have been done 表______________)

5/ The boy is pretending to be listening carefully. ( to be doing 表___________________ )

分析一下动词ing的形式及意义

1/ The girl standing over there is my sister. ( doing 表__________________)

2/ The road being repaired now is called Binjiang Road. ( being done表_______________ )

3/ Having finished her homework, Lily went out to play table tennis. ( having done 表_______)

4/ Having been told the bad news, he couldn’t help crying. (having been done 表___________)

分析一下动词ed的形式及意义

The photo taken by the photographer is quite eye-catching. ( done 表_____________________)

非谓语动词的否定式：not 放在该非谓语动词之前

如：not to be done, not having been done, not done

Any difference between “done” and “having been done”?

被告知了这令人兴奋的消息，他感到兴奋。

Having been told the exciting news, he was excited.

Told the exciting news, he was excited.

* having been done 和done 都可以作状语表示动作完成和被动，

但having been done 强调动作发生在谓语动词之前。

这是一栋由著名建筑师设计的楼房。

This is a building designed by a famous architect. ( right)

This is a building having been designed by a famous architect.(wrong)

* done 可作后置定语having been done 不能充当后置定语

非谓语在句子中可充当的成分：

二、做题方法

1. ______many times , but he still couldn't understand it .

2. ______many times , he still couldn't understand it .

A.Having been told

B. Told

C. He was told

D. Though he had been

told

（一）、分析_______________，确定________与__________.

（二）、找逻辑_____________, 确定_________.

（三）、找_________________，确定_________.

1. It ___ a hot day, so we decide to go out.

2. It ___ a hot day , we’d better go swimming.

3. ___ a rainy day; we decided not to go out.

A.is

B. to be

C. being

D. It being

E. It was

F. been

※注意标点符号

※常出现的考点

1.英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其现在分词表示“令人……的”,其过去分词表示(人)感到……的”.如：astonished , astonishing.

2.一些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态，这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：

lost(迷路), seated(坐)，born(出身于), relaxed(放松), worried/ surprised…, lost /absorbed in(沉迷于); dressed in(穿着); tired of (厌烦)

eg: Lost in thought, he didn’t catch what I said.

Dressed in a suit, he looks smart today.

3. 使役动词和感官动词