吉林大学考博英语真题解析
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：13
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题As an important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public（） as offering tremendous benefits.问题1选项A.similarlyB.the sameC.a likeD.likewise【答案】C【解析】考查近义词。
四个选项均有“相似地，相同地”意思，根据句意“警察和民众都认为警察快速反应机制将会带来巨大利益”，在句中，as 与seen搭配，表示“被看作”的意思，因此空格处应该填入形容词，其中A与D为副词，不符合题意。
As the same虽然可以搭配，但是不符合句子结构，所以选项C 符合题意。
2.单选题Some British universities are state-supported, others are privately（） and still others are supported by religious origination.问题1选项A.ensuredB.attributedC.authorizedD.endowed【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
ensure “保证，确保”；attribute “归属，把··· ···归于”；authorize “批准，认可”；endow “资助，捐赠”。
根据前半句句意“一些英国大学是政府创建的”，后半句“其他有些由宗教组织资助”，可以推出空格处要填入support的同义词，所以选项D符合题意。
3.单选题It is a common theme of many science fiction stories that the world may one day be （）by beings from the outer space.问题1选项A.run overB.filled inC.taken overD.broken in【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第37期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Communication is the process of a message（） from a source to an audience via a channel.问题1选项A.shiftingB.transmittingC.submittingD.transforming【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
shift “转移；改变；替换”；transmit “传输；传播”；submit “使服从；呈递”；transform “改变，使变形；转换”。
句意：通信是消息通过渠道从出处传播给观众的过程。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题In the end, the police had to（） to force in order to break up the crowd.问题1选项A.confineB.withdrawC.employD.appeal【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
confine “限制；禁闭”；withdraw “撤退；离开；收回”；employ “使用，采用；雇用”；appeal “呼吁；上诉；诉诸于”。
句意：最后，警察为了驱散人群只能诉诸于武力。
选项D符合题意。
3.单选题Miss Helen always buys（）priced clothes.问题1选项A.higherB.highC.highestD.highly【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。
句意：海伦小姐经常买高价的衣服。
选项D符合题意。
4.单选题The employer must（） that the applications for the post have the proper qualifications. 问题1选项A.justifyB.verifyC.warrantD.perceive【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
2011年吉林大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2011年吉林大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．The government allocated a special sum of money in order to reinforce the prosecution of the effective policy.A．practiceB．proceedingC．useD．implementation正确答案：D解析：名词词义辨析。
prosecution意为“实行；起诉”，与选项中的implementation(实行，执行)词义匹配。
故答案为D。
2．The patient’s unusual symptoms confounded even the most experienced doctor of the hospital.A．confusedB．hitC．stimulatedD．confronted正确答案：A解析：动词词义辨析。
confounded意为“使迷惑，使疑惑”，与选项中的confused(使迷惑，使疑惑)为同意表达。
故答案为A。
3．Forests are delicate systems that if disturbed can be permanently destroyed.A．expansiveB．complexC．unusualD．fragile正确答案：D解析：形容词词义辨析。
根据句中destroyed判断，森林是很“脆弱的”，与选项中的fragile(脆弱的，易碎的)为同意表达。
故答案为D。
4．The Charter had been ratified by a majority of the participants who were the ones that asked for its draft.A．challengedB．approvedC．distributedD．attacked正确答案：B解析：动词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第24期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some scientists are dubious of the claim that organisms（） with age as an inevitable outcome of living.问题1选项A.depressB.defaultC.degradeD.deteriorate【答案】C【解析】考察动词词义辨析。
degrade “降低，降级，退化”；deteriorate “恶化，变坏”；default “拖欠，不履行义务”；depress “ 压抑，使沮丧”。
根据句意“科学家对于生物体随着年龄增长会____是必然结果这种说法表示怀疑”，可知空格处应该填表示“退化”此类意思的词，degrade强调功能的退化，deteriorate 强调身体状况的恶化，显然选项C符合题意。
2.单选题His（） that he had nothing to do with the affair was greeted with some suspicion.问题1选项A.necessityB.statementC.promotionD.disposal【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
necessity “需要；必然性；必需品”；statement “声明；陈述”；promotion “提升，晋升；推销”；disposal“处理；支配”。
句意：他声称自己与此事无关，受到了一些质疑。
选项B符合题意。
3.单选题（） her interest in children, teaching should be the right career for her.问题1选项A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.To give【答案】C【解析】考查given的特殊语法。
given 充当介词，意思是“考虑到”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：54
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（） found four-leaf clover is considered a lucky sign.问题1选项A.It is rarelyB.RarelyC.The rarelyD.Despite its being rarely【答案】C【解析】考查定冠词的用法。
句意：罕见的四叶草被认为是幸运的象征。
定冠词 the 放在单数名词前表示某一类事物。
2.单选题The people will rebel if they feel that they are excluded （）sharing the wealth of the country.问题1选项A.outB.byC.fromD.without【答案】C【解析】考察短语搭配。
be excluded from “从··· ···中被排除”是固定搭配。
选项C符合题意。
句意：如果他们觉得自己被排除在国家财富分享之外，人民就会起来反抗。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题Some sports equipment requires a special（） .问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
insulation “绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation “保存，保留”；snap “猛咬，劈啪声”；grip “紧握，柄，支配”。
句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。
选项B符合题意。
4.单选题Carbon dio xide and other naturally occurring gases in the earth’s atmosphere create a natural greenhouse effect by trapping and absorbing solar radiation. These gases act as a blanket and keep the planet warm enough for life to survive and flourish. The warming of the earth is balanced by some of the heat escaping from the atmosphere back into space. Without this compensating flow of heat out of the system, the temperature of the earth’s surface and its atmosphere would rise steadily.Scientists are increasingly concerned about a human-driven greenhouse effect resulting from a rise in atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping greenhouse gases. Theman-made greenhouse effect is the exhalation of industrial civilization. A major contributingfactor is the burning of large amounts of fossil fuels—coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Another is the destruction of the world’s forests, which reduces the amount of carbon dioxide converted to oxygen by plants. Emissions of carbon dioxide, chloro fluorocarbons, nitrous oxide, and methane from human activities will enhance the greenhouse effect, causing the earth’s surface to become warmer. The main greenhouse gas, water vapor, will increase in response to global warming and further enhance it.There is agreement within the scientific community that the buildup of greenhouse gases is already causing the earth’s average surface temperature to rise. This is changing global climate at an unusually fast rate. According to the World Meteorological Organization, the eart h’s average temperature climbed about 1 degree F in the past century, and nine of the ten warmest years on record have occurred since 1990. A United Nations panel has predicted that average global temperatures could rise as much as 10.5 degrees F during the next century as heart-trapping gases from human industry accumulate in the atmosphere.What are the potential impacts of an enhanced greenhouse effect? According to estimates by an international committee, North American climatic zones could shift northward by as much as 550 kilometers (340 miles). Such a change in climate would likely affect all sectors of society. In some areas, heat and moisture stress would cut crop yields, and traditional farming practices would have to change. For example, in the North American grain belt, higher temperatures and more frequent drought during the growing season might require farmers to switch from corn to wheat and to use more water for irrigation.Global warming may also cause a rise in sea level by melting polar ice caps. A rise in sea level would accelerate coastal erosion and inundate islands and low-lying coastal plains, some of which are densely populated. Millions of acres of coastal farmlands would be covered by water. Furthermore, the warming of seawater will cause the water to expand, thus adding to the potential danger.Global warming has already left its fingerprint on the natural world. Two research teams recently reviewed hundreds of published papers that tracked changes in the range and behavior of plant and animal species, and they found ample evidence of plants blooming and birds nesting earlier in the spring. Both teams concluded that rising global temperatures are shifting the ranges of hundreds of species — thus climatic zones—northward. These studies are hard evidence that the natural world is already responding dramatically to climate change, even though the change has just begun. If global warming trends continue, changes in the environment will have an enormous impact on world biology. Birds especially play a critical role in the environment by pollinating plants, dispersing seeds, and controlling insect populations; thus, changes in their populations will reverberate throughout the ecosystems they inhabit.1.According to the passage, how do carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases affect the earth-atmosphere system?2.What can be inferred from paragraph 3 about global climate change?3.According to paragraph 4, what is one effect that climate change could have on agriculture in North America?4.Why does the author use the word “fingerprint” in paragraph 6?5.What evidence does the author give that climatic zones have shifted northward? 问题1选项A.They collect solar radiation that warms the earth’s surface.B.They create the conditions for new forms of life to emerge.C.They cause heat to flow from the atmosphere into space.D.They decrease the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.问题2选项A.Climate change will have both positive and negative effects on human society.B.It is difficult to predict the effects of climate change over the next century.C.International organizations have been studying climate change only since 1990.D.Climate change is likely to continue as long as heat-trapping gases accumulate.问题3选项A.Return to more traditional methods of fanningB.Movement of farms to the northernmost regionsC.Changes in the crops that farmers can growD.Less water available for irrigating crops问题4选项A.To show that hundreds of fingerprints were examinedB.To introduce conclusive evidence of global warmingC.To describe a method used by two research teamsD.To suggest that people do not cause global warming问题5选项A.Solar radiation escapes from the atmosphere back into space.B.The water in the ocean expands as it gets warmer.C.Plants bloom and birds build nests earlier in the springD.Birds no longer pollinate plants or control insect population【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第一句Carbon dioxide and other naturally occurring gases in the earth’s atmosphere create a natural greenhouse effect by trapping and absorbing solar radiation提到二氧化碳与其他气体是通过捕获和吸收太阳辐射而形成了温室效应。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第98期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The purpose of the lecture was to（）the masses of the United States with the elementary problems of Latin America.问题1选项rmB.acquaintC.instructD.announce【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。
inform “通知”；acquaint “了解”；instruct “通知，指导”；announce “宣布”。
句意：讲座的目的是为了使美国大众了解拉丁美洲的基本问题。
acquaint sb. with sth. “使某人了解某事”。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题Tight shoes（） my feet.问题1选项A.irritateB.smartC.acheD.bruise【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。
Irritate “激怒；使兴奋”，动词；smart “聪明的”，形容词；ache “疼痛”，名词；bruise “擦伤”，名词或者动词。
句意：这双鞋子太紧了，把我的脚给擦伤了。
选项D符合题意。
3.单选题How many times did the clock（） ?问题1选项A.hitB.knockC.beatD.strike【答案】D【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。
strike可以用来表示“敲打钟表”，其他的词则不行，所以选项D符合题意。
4.单选题The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transportation and is therefore, not（）to work locally.问题1选项pelledB.obligedC.restrictedD.repelled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第25期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题There is too great a （）of alcohol in Britain.问题1选项A.consumptionB.destructionC.absenceD.transmission【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
consumption “消费；消耗”；destruction “破坏；毁灭”；absence “缺乏；缺席”；transmission “传动装置;传送”。
句意：英国的酒精消耗太大了。
选项A符合题意。
2.单选题Many old houses have been（） in order that new big buildings may be built.问题1选项A.leveledB.collapsedC.demolishedD.felled 【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
level “使同等；对准；弄平”；collapse “倒塌；瓦解”，一般做不及物动词，无被动形式；demolish “拆除；破坏”；fell “砍伐；打倒；击倒”。
句意：为了修建新的建筑，很多老房子被拆除了。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题The（） prevents the people in the two neighboring nations from living in peace.问题1选项A.brevityB.amenityC.enmityD.fidelity【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
brevity “简洁”；amenity “舒适，愉悦”；enmity “敌意，憎恨”；fidelity “忠诚”。
题干中提到有一种东西会阻止两邻国友好相处，这种东西很明显是enmity，选项C 符合题意。
4.单选题One of the basic characteristics of capitalism is the private ownership of the major means of production — capital. The ownership of large amount of capital can bring （1 ）profits, as well as economic and political power. Some recent theorists,（2 ）, have argued that our society has moved to a new stage of（3 ）that they call “post-industrial” society. One important change in such a society is that the ownership of（4 ）amounts of capital is no longer the only or even the most important（5 ）of profits and influences;knowledge as well as （6 ）capital brings profits and influence.There are many（7 ）with the thesis above, not the least of（8 ）is that wealthy capitalistscan buy the experts and knowledge they need to keep their profits and influence. But thisdoes not（9 ） the importance of knowledge in an advanced industrial society, as the（10 ）of some new industries indicates（11 ）, genetic engineering and the new computer technology have（12 ）many new firms and made some scientists quite rich. In（13 ）with criticism of the post-industrial society thesis, however, it must also be（14 ）that those already in control of huge amounts of capital (i.e.major corporations) soon（15 ）to take most profits in these industries based on new knowledge.Moving down from the level of wealth and power, we still find knowledge increasingly （16 ）Many new high tech jobs are being created at the upper-middle-class level, but even more new jobs are being created in the low-skill, low-paying service （17 ）. Something like a class line is emerging centered around knowledge. Individuals who fall too far behind in the（18 ）of knowledge at a young age will find it almost impossible to catch up later, no matter how hard they try illiteracy in the English language has been a severe （19 ） for many years in the United States, but we are also moving to the point when computer illiteracy will hinder many more people and（20 ）them to a life of low-skill and low-paid labor.问题1选项A.quantitativeB.extensiveprehensiveD.sophisticated问题2选项A.moreoverB.howeverC.thereforeD.furthermore问题3选项A.aggressionB.proficiencyC.productivityD.evolution问题4选项A.dominantB.impressiveC.magnificentD.significant问题5选项A.sourceB.factorponentD.element问题6选项A.adequateB.profitableC.materialD.spiritual问题7选项A.advantagesB.consequencesC.problemsD.potentials问题8选项A.themB.thoseC.whichD.that问题9选项A.denyB.refuseC.admitD.acknowledge问题10选项A.emergenceB.innovationC.extinctionD.discovery 问题11选项A.In additionB.For exampleC.Above allD.In short问题12选项A.producedB.createdC.improvedD.facilitated问题13选项A.lineB.needC.doubtD.match问题14选项A.idealizedB.recognizedC.supervisedD.summarized问题15选项A.stepped inB.settled downC.leaned overD.turned out问题16选项A.accessibleB.importantC.popularD.abundant问题17选项A.enterprisesB.employmentC.professionsD.industries问题18选项A.controlB.masteryC.searchD.pursuit问题19选项A.handicapB.penaltyC.inconvenienceD.shortcoming问题20选项A.enforceB.punishC.imposeD.condemn【答案】第1题:A 第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A第6题:C第7题:C第8题:C第9题:A第10题:A第11题:B第12题:B第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A第16题:B第17题:D第18题:D第19题:A第20题:D【解析】（1）考查形容词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第32期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题How many times did the clock（） ?问题1选项A.hitB.knockC.beatD.strike【答案】D【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。
strike可以用来表示“敲打钟表”，其他的词则不行，所以选项D符合题意。
2.单选题Some sports equipment requires a special（） .问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip 【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
insulation “绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation “保存，保留”；snap “猛咬，劈啪声”；grip “紧握，柄，支配”。
句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。
选项B符合题意。
3.单选题As an important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public（） as offering tremendous benefits.问题1选项A.similarlyB.the sameC.a likeD.likewise【答案】C【解析】考查近义词。
四个选项均有“相似地，相同地”意思，根据句意“警察和民众都认为警察快速反应机制将会带来巨大利益”，在句中，as 与seen搭配，表示“被看作”的意思，因此空格处应该填入形容词，其中A与D为副词，不符合题意。
As the same虽然可以搭配，但是不符合句子结构，所以选项C 符合题意。
4.单选题Many years ago, a lot of factories were（） from big cities to the mountainous areas in case of war.问题1选项A.transferredB.transformedC.transmittedD.transported【答案】A【解析】考查形似动词词义辨析。
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吉林大学考博英语真题解析
Section I Listening Comprehension（20points）
Part A（5points）
1.highlands；
2.20；
d；
4.November；
5.22.
Part B（5points）
6.A（technology）forecaster；
ernment agencies；
8.（a）meaningful（exercise）；
9.open to change；
10.Trust and cooperation.
Part C（10points）
11.D12.B13.C14.D15.A16.C17.B18.A19.A 20.C
Section II Use of English（10points）
21.C22.D23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A 30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A36.B37.B38.D39.A 40.C
Section III Reading Comprehension（50points）
Part A（40points）
41.C42.A43.D44.B45.C46.A47.D48.C49.B 50.D51.D52.A53.B54.A55.C56.C57.A58.D59.B
60.C
Part B（10points）
61.希腊人认为，语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根更多院校的考博英语真题及其解析或考博英语辅导体验请拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八，加咨询扣扣七七二六七八五三七。
62.我们之所有感激他们（两位先驱），是因为在此之后，这些（土著）语言中有一些已经不复存在了，这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡了，或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。
63.这些新近被描述的语言与已经得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著，以至于有些学者甚至指责Boas和Sapir编造了材料。
64.Who r f对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣，逐渐形成了这样的观点：在一个社会中，语言的结构决定习惯思维的结构。
65.Who r f进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点，其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维，语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。
Section IV Writing（20points）
66.（略）
评分标准
I听力：
A节：5小题，每题1分，共5分。
B节：5小题，每题1分，共5分。
C节：10小题，每题1分，共10分。
A、B两节对大、小写（专有名词除外）和标点符号不做要求，英、美拼法均可接受，但拼写错误不给分。
II英语知识运用：20小题，每题0.5分，共10分。
III阅读理解：
A节：20小题，每题2分，共40分。
B节：5小题，每题2分，共10分。
如果句子译文扭曲原文意思，该句得分最多不得超过0.5分。
如考生就一道题目给出两种或两种以上的译法，若均正确，给分：若其中译法错误，应酌情扣分，扣分不得超过1分。
汉语错误字，不个别扣分，按整篇累计扣分。
在不影响意思的前提下，满三个错别字扣0.5分，无0.25扣分。
IV写作：1题，20分。
本题以通篇分档计分，记分标准如下：
20－17分内容切题，包括题中所列的各项要求；清楚表达其内涵，文字连贯；句式有变化，句子结构和用词正确。
文章长度符合要求。
16－13分内容切题，包括题中所列的各项要求；比较清楚地表达其内涵，文字基本连贯；句式有一定变化，句子结构和用词错误较少。
文章长度符合要求。
12－9分内容切题，基本包括题中所列的各项要求；基本清楚地表达其内涵；句子结构和用词有一些错误。
文章长度符合要求。
8－5分内容基本切题，基本包含题中所列的各项要求，语句可以理解，但有较多的句子结构和用词错误。
文章长度基本符合要求。
4－1分基本按要求写作，但只有少数句子可理解。
0分文不切题，语句混乱，无法理解。
本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。