吉林大学考博英语真题解析

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2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：13

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题As an important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public（） as offering tremendous benefits.问题1选项A.similarlyB.the sameC.a likeD.likewise【答案】C【解析】考查近义词。

四个选项均有“相似地，相同地”意思，根据句意“警察和民众都认为警察快速反应机制将会带来巨大利益”，在句中，as 与seen搭配，表示“被看作”的意思，因此空格处应该填入形容词，其中A与D为副词，不符合题意。

As the same虽然可以搭配，但是不符合句子结构，所以选项C 符合题意。

2.单选题Some British universities are state-supported, others are privately（） and still others are supported by religious origination.问题1选项A.ensuredB.attributedC.authorizedD.endowed【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

ensure “保证，确保”；attribute “归属，把··· ···归于”；authorize “批准，认可”；endow “资助，捐赠”。

根据前半句句意“一些英国大学是政府创建的”，后半句“其他有些由宗教组织资助”，可以推出空格处要填入support的同义词，所以选项D符合题意。

3.单选题It is a common theme of many science fiction stories that the world may one day be （）by beings from the outer space.问题1选项A.run overB.filled inC.taken overD.broken in【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第37期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Communication is the process of a message（） from a source to an audience via a channel.问题1选项A.shiftingB.transmittingC.submittingD.transforming【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

shift “转移；改变；替换”；transmit “传输；传播”；submit “使服从；呈递”；transform “改变，使变形；转换”。

句意：通信是消息通过渠道从出处传播给观众的过程。

选项B符合题意。

2.单选题In the end, the police had to（） to force in order to break up the crowd.问题1选项A.confineB.withdrawC.employD.appeal【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

confine “限制；禁闭”；withdraw “撤退；离开；收回”；employ “使用，采用；雇用”；appeal “呼吁；上诉；诉诸于”。

句意：最后，警察为了驱散人群只能诉诸于武力。

选项D符合题意。

3.单选题Miss Helen always buys（）priced clothes.问题1选项A.higherB.highC.highestD.highly【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。

句意：海伦小姐经常买高价的衣服。

选项D符合题意。

4.单选题The employer must（） that the applications for the post have the proper qualifications. 问题1选项A.justifyB.verifyC.warrantD.perceive【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

2011年吉林大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2011年吉林大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．The government allocated a special sum of money in order to reinforce the prosecution of the effective policy.A．practiceB．proceedingC．useD．implementation正确答案：D解析：名词词义辨析。

prosecution意为“实行；起诉”，与选项中的implementation(实行，执行)词义匹配。

故答案为D。

2．The patient’s unusual symptoms confounded even the most experienced doctor of the hospital.A．confusedB．hitC．stimulatedD．confronted正确答案：A解析：动词词义辨析。

confounded意为“使迷惑，使疑惑”，与选项中的confused(使迷惑，使疑惑)为同意表达。

故答案为A。

3．Forests are delicate systems that if disturbed can be permanently destroyed.A．expansiveB．complexC．unusualD．fragile正确答案：D解析：形容词词义辨析。

根据句中destroyed判断，森林是很“脆弱的”，与选项中的fragile(脆弱的，易碎的)为同意表达。

故答案为D。

4．The Charter had been ratified by a majority of the participants who were the ones that asked for its draft.A．challengedB．approvedC．distributedD．attacked正确答案：B解析：动词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第24期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some scientists are dubious of the claim that organisms（） with age as an inevitable outcome of living.问题1选项A.depressB.defaultC.degradeD.deteriorate【答案】C【解析】考察动词词义辨析。

degrade “降低，降级，退化”；deteriorate “恶化，变坏”；default “拖欠，不履行义务”；depress “ 压抑，使沮丧”。

根据句意“科学家对于生物体随着年龄增长会____是必然结果这种说法表示怀疑”，可知空格处应该填表示“退化”此类意思的词，degrade强调功能的退化，deteriorate 强调身体状况的恶化，显然选项C符合题意。

2.单选题His（） that he had nothing to do with the affair was greeted with some suspicion.问题1选项A.necessityB.statementC.promotionD.disposal【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

necessity “需要；必然性；必需品”；statement “声明；陈述”；promotion “提升，晋升；推销”；disposal“处理；支配”。

句意：他声称自己与此事无关，受到了一些质疑。

选项B符合题意。

3.单选题（） her interest in children, teaching should be the right career for her.问题1选项A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.To give【答案】C【解析】考查given的特殊语法。

given 充当介词，意思是“考虑到”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：54

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（） found four-leaf clover is considered a lucky sign.问题1选项A.It is rarelyB.RarelyC.The rarelyD.Despite its being rarely【答案】C【解析】考查定冠词的用法。

句意：罕见的四叶草被认为是幸运的象征。

定冠词 the 放在单数名词前表示某一类事物。

2.单选题The people will rebel if they feel that they are excluded （）sharing the wealth of the country.问题1选项A.outB.byC.fromD.without【答案】C【解析】考察短语搭配。

be excluded from “从··· ···中被排除”是固定搭配。

选项C符合题意。

句意：如果他们觉得自己被排除在国家财富分享之外，人民就会起来反抗。

选项C符合题意。

3.单选题Some sports equipment requires a special（） .问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

insulation “绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation “保存，保留”；snap “猛咬，劈啪声”；grip “紧握，柄，支配”。

句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。

选项B符合题意。

4.单选题Carbon dio xide and other naturally occurring gases in the earth’s atmosphere create a natural greenhouse effect by trapping and absorbing solar radiation. These gases act as a blanket and keep the planet warm enough for life to survive and flourish. The warming of the earth is balanced by some of the heat escaping from the atmosphere back into space. Without this compensating flow of heat out of the system, the temperature of the earth’s surface and its atmosphere would rise steadily.Scientists are increasingly concerned about a human-driven greenhouse effect resulting from a rise in atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping greenhouse gases. Theman-made greenhouse effect is the exhalation of industrial civilization. A major contributingfactor is the burning of large amounts of fossil fuels—coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Another is the destruction of the world’s forests, which reduces the amount of carbon dioxide converted to oxygen by plants. Emissions of carbon dioxide, chloro fluorocarbons, nitrous oxide, and methane from human activities will enhance the greenhouse effect, causing the earth’s surface to become warmer. The main greenhouse gas, water vapor, will increase in response to global warming and further enhance it.There is agreement within the scientific community that the buildup of greenhouse gases is already causing the earth’s average surface temperature to rise. This is changing global climate at an unusually fast rate. According to the World Meteorological Organization, the eart h’s average temperature climbed about 1 degree F in the past century, and nine of the ten warmest years on record have occurred since 1990. A United Nations panel has predicted that average global temperatures could rise as much as 10.5 degrees F during the next century as heart-trapping gases from human industry accumulate in the atmosphere.What are the potential impacts of an enhanced greenhouse effect? According to estimates by an international committee, North American climatic zones could shift northward by as much as 550 kilometers (340 miles). Such a change in climate would likely affect all sectors of society. In some areas, heat and moisture stress would cut crop yields, and traditional farming practices would have to change. For example, in the North American grain belt, higher temperatures and more frequent drought during the growing season might require farmers to switch from corn to wheat and to use more water for irrigation.Global warming may also cause a rise in sea level by melting polar ice caps. A rise in sea level would accelerate coastal erosion and inundate islands and low-lying coastal plains, some of which are densely populated. Millions of acres of coastal farmlands would be covered by water. Furthermore, the warming of seawater will cause the water to expand, thus adding to the potential danger.Global warming has already left its fingerprint on the natural world. Two research teams recently reviewed hundreds of published papers that tracked changes in the range and behavior of plant and animal species, and they found ample evidence of plants blooming and birds nesting earlier in the spring. Both teams concluded that rising global temperatures are shifting the ranges of hundreds of species — thus climatic zones—northward. These studies are hard evidence that the natural world is already responding dramatically to climate change, even though the change has just begun. If global warming trends continue, changes in the environment will have an enormous impact on world biology. Birds especially play a critical role in the environment by pollinating plants, dispersing seeds, and controlling insect populations; thus, changes in their populations will reverberate throughout the ecosystems they inhabit.1.According to the passage, how do carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases affect the earth-atmosphere system?2.What can be inferred from paragraph 3 about global climate change?3.According to paragraph 4, what is one effect that climate change could have on agriculture in North America?4.Why does the author use the word “fingerprint” in paragraph 6?5.What evidence does the author give that climatic zones have shifted northward? 问题1选项A.They collect solar radiation that warms the earth’s surface.B.They create the conditions for new forms of life to emerge.C.They cause heat to flow from the atmosphere into space.D.They decrease the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.问题2选项A.Climate change will have both positive and negative effects on human society.B.It is difficult to predict the effects of climate change over the next century.C.International organizations have been studying climate change only since 1990.D.Climate change is likely to continue as long as heat-trapping gases accumulate.问题3选项A.Return to more traditional methods of fanningB.Movement of farms to the northernmost regionsC.Changes in the crops that farmers can growD.Less water available for irrigating crops问题4选项A.To show that hundreds of fingerprints were examinedB.To introduce conclusive evidence of global warmingC.To describe a method used by two research teamsD.To suggest that people do not cause global warming问题5选项A.Solar radiation escapes from the atmosphere back into space.B.The water in the ocean expands as it gets warmer.C.Plants bloom and birds build nests earlier in the springD.Birds no longer pollinate plants or control insect population【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第一句Carbon dioxide and other naturally occurring gases in the earth’s atmosphere create a natural greenhouse effect by trapping and absorbing solar radiation提到二氧化碳与其他气体是通过捕获和吸收太阳辐射而形成了温室效应。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第98期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The purpose of the lecture was to（）the masses of the United States with the elementary problems of Latin America.问题1选项rmB.acquaintC.instructD.announce【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。

inform “通知”；acquaint “了解”；instruct “通知，指导”；announce “宣布”。

句意：讲座的目的是为了使美国大众了解拉丁美洲的基本问题。

acquaint sb. with sth. “使某人了解某事”。

选项B符合题意。

2.单选题Tight shoes（） my feet.问题1选项A.irritateB.smartC.acheD.bruise【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。

Irritate “激怒；使兴奋”，动词；smart “聪明的”，形容词；ache “疼痛”，名词；bruise “擦伤”，名词或者动词。

句意：这双鞋子太紧了，把我的脚给擦伤了。

选项D符合题意。

3.单选题How many times did the clock（） ?问题1选项A.hitB.knockC.beatD.strike【答案】D【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。

strike可以用来表示“敲打钟表”，其他的词则不行，所以选项D符合题意。

4.单选题The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transportation and is therefore, not（）to work locally.问题1选项pelledB.obligedC.restrictedD.repelled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第25期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题There is too great a （）of alcohol in Britain.问题1选项A.consumptionB.destructionC.absenceD.transmission【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

consumption “消费；消耗”；destruction “破坏；毁灭”；absence “缺乏；缺席”；transmission “传动装置;传送”。

句意：英国的酒精消耗太大了。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题Many old houses have been（） in order that new big buildings may be built.问题1选项A.leveledB.collapsedC.demolishedD.felled 【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

level “使同等；对准；弄平”；collapse “倒塌；瓦解”，一般做不及物动词，无被动形式；demolish “拆除；破坏”；fell “砍伐；打倒；击倒”。

句意：为了修建新的建筑，很多老房子被拆除了。

选项C符合题意。

3.单选题The（） prevents the people in the two neighboring nations from living in peace.问题1选项A.brevityB.amenityC.enmityD.fidelity【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

brevity “简洁”；amenity “舒适，愉悦”；enmity “敌意，憎恨”；fidelity “忠诚”。

题干中提到有一种东西会阻止两邻国友好相处，这种东西很明显是enmity，选项C 符合题意。

4.单选题One of the basic characteristics of capitalism is the private ownership of the major means of production — capital. The ownership of large amount of capital can bring （1 ）profits, as well as economic and political power. Some recent theorists,（2 ）, have argued that our society has moved to a new stage of（3 ）that they call “post-industrial” society. One important change in such a society is that the ownership of（4 ）amounts of capital is no longer the only or even the most important（5 ）of profits and influences;knowledge as well as （6 ）capital brings profits and influence.There are many（7 ）with the thesis above, not the least of（8 ）is that wealthy capitalistscan buy the experts and knowledge they need to keep their profits and influence. But thisdoes not（9 ） the importance of knowledge in an advanced industrial society, as the（10 ）of some new industries indicates（11 ）, genetic engineering and the new computer technology have（12 ）many new firms and made some scientists quite rich. In（13 ）with criticism of the post-industrial society thesis, however, it must also be（14 ）that those already in control of huge amounts of capital (i.e.major corporations) soon（15 ）to take most profits in these industries based on new knowledge.Moving down from the level of wealth and power, we still find knowledge increasingly （16 ）Many new high tech jobs are being created at the upper-middle-class level, but even more new jobs are being created in the low-skill, low-paying service （17 ）. Something like a class line is emerging centered around knowledge. Individuals who fall too far behind in the（18 ）of knowledge at a young age will find it almost impossible to catch up later, no matter how hard they try illiteracy in the English language has been a severe （19 ） for many years in the United States, but we are also moving to the point when computer illiteracy will hinder many more people and（20 ）them to a life of low-skill and low-paid labor.问题1选项A.quantitativeB.extensiveprehensiveD.sophisticated问题2选项A.moreoverB.howeverC.thereforeD.furthermore问题3选项A.aggressionB.proficiencyC.productivityD.evolution问题4选项A.dominantB.impressiveC.magnificentD.significant问题5选项A.sourceB.factorponentD.element问题6选项A.adequateB.profitableC.materialD.spiritual问题7选项A.advantagesB.consequencesC.problemsD.potentials问题8选项A.themB.thoseC.whichD.that问题9选项A.denyB.refuseC.admitD.acknowledge问题10选项A.emergenceB.innovationC.extinctionD.discovery 问题11选项A.In additionB.For exampleC.Above allD.In short问题12选项A.producedB.createdC.improvedD.facilitated问题13选项A.lineB.needC.doubtD.match问题14选项A.idealizedB.recognizedC.supervisedD.summarized问题15选项A.stepped inB.settled downC.leaned overD.turned out问题16选项A.accessibleB.importantC.popularD.abundant问题17选项A.enterprisesB.employmentC.professionsD.industries问题18选项A.controlB.masteryC.searchD.pursuit问题19选项A.handicapB.penaltyC.inconvenienceD.shortcoming问题20选项A.enforceB.punishC.imposeD.condemn【答案】第1题:A 第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A第6题:C第7题:C第8题:C第9题:A第10题:A第11题:B第12题:B第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A第16题:B第17题:D第18题:D第19题:A第20题:D【解析】（1）考查形容词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第32期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题How many times did the clock（） ?问题1选项A.hitB.knockC.beatD.strike【答案】D【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。

strike可以用来表示“敲打钟表”，其他的词则不行，所以选项D符合题意。

2.单选题Some sports equipment requires a special（） .问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip 【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

insulation “绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation “保存，保留”；snap “猛咬，劈啪声”；grip “紧握，柄，支配”。

句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。

选项B符合题意。

3.单选题As an important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public（） as offering tremendous benefits.问题1选项A.similarlyB.the sameC.a likeD.likewise【答案】C【解析】考查近义词。

As the same虽然可以搭配，但是不符合句子结构，所以选项C 符合题意。

4.单选题Many years ago, a lot of factories were（） from big cities to the mountainous areas in case of war.问题1选项A.transferredB.transformedC.transmittedD.transported【答案】A【解析】考查形似动词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第15期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Since you changed lanes without signaling, you are as much to（）for the accident as us. 问题1选项A.blameB.accusationC.condemnationD.charge【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

blame“责任，过失”；accusation“指责，谴责”；condemnation “谴责，定罪”；charge “控告，控诉”。

句意：由于你变道前没开转向灯，你就应该像我们一样对这次事故负责。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题Communication is the process of a message（） from a source to an audience via a channel.问题1选项A.shiftingB.transmittingC.submittingD.transforming【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

shift “转移；改变；替换”；transmit “传输；传播”；submit “使服从；呈递”；transform “改变，使变形；转换”。

句意：通信是消息通过渠道从出处传播给观众的过程。

选项B符合题意。

3.单选题Some sports equipment requires a special（） .问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

insulation “绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation “保存，保留”；snap “猛咬，劈啪声”；grip “紧握，柄，支配”。

句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。

选项B符合题意。

4.单选题The phrase “progressive education” is one, if not protest, at least of contrast, of contrast with an education which was predominantly static in subject-matter, authoritarian in methods, and mainly passive and receptive from the side of the young. But the philosophy of education must go beyond any idea of education that is formed by way of contrast, reaction and protest, for it is an attempt to discover what education is and how it takes place. Only when we identify education with schooling does it seem to be a simple thing to tell what education actually is, and yet a clear idea of what it is gives us our only criterion for judging anddirecting what goes on in schools.It is sometimes supposed that it is the business of the philosophy of education to tell what education should be. But the only way of deciding what education should be, at least, theonly way which does not lead us into the clouds, is discovery of what education takes place when education really occurs. And before we can formulate a philosophy of education we must know human nature is constituted in the concrete;we must know about the working of actual social forces;we must know about the operations through which basic raw materials are modified into something of greater value. The need for a philosophy of education is thus fundamentally the need for finding out what education really is. We have to take those cases in which we find there is a real development of desirable powers, and then find out how this development took place. Then we can project what has taken place in these instances as a guide for directing our other efforts. The need for this discovery and this projection is the need for a philosophy of education.What then is education when we find actual satisfactory specimens of it in existence? In the first place, it is a process of development, of growth. And it is the process and not merely the result that is important. A truly healthy person is not something fixed and completed. He is a person whose processes and activities go on in such a way that he will continue to be healthy. Similarly, an educated person is the person who has the power to go on and get more education.In any case, development and growth involve change, modification, and modification in definite directions. It is quite possible for a teacher, under the supposed sanction of the idea of cultivating individuality, to fixate a pupil more or less at his existing level. Respect for individuality is primarily intellectual. It signifies studying the individual to see what is there to work with. Having this sympathetic understanding, the practical work then begins, for the practical work is one of modification, of changing, of reconstruction continued without end. The change must at least be towards more effective techniques, towards greater self-reliance, towards a more thoughtful and inquiring disposition, one more capable of persistent effort in meeting obstacles.1.According to the author, the philosophy of education（） .2.The philosophy of education is supposed to（） .3.The chief task of the philosophy of education is to（） .4.The significance of desirable education lies （）.5.What can we learn from the last paragraph? （），问题1选项A.is the same as the conception of progressive educationB.studies the essence of education and the way it occursC.conforms to any idea of education that is conservative and authoritarianD.deals with the judgment and direction of school management 问题2选项A.result from real understanding of occurrences in actual schoolingB.be the only way leading to obscure understanding of educationC.have taken place when education first came into existenceD.be the basis on which decisions on practical education are formulated问题3选项A.analyze the constitution of human nature in great detailB.clarify the practical effects of social forces on educationC.present how raw materials are made into valuable goodsD.find out the ways of how to bring out the best human faculties问题4选项A.more in its operation than in its modificationB.less in its modification than in its operationC.not only in its result but also in its processD.rather in its process than in its result问题5选项A.The supposed approval of the idea of cultivating individuality is reasonable.B.Modification refers to making a pupil develop in a fixed direction.C.To respect individuality means to discover whether an individual is worth modifying.D.True education should be based on cultivating a student according to his/her natural talent.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.文章第一段第二句在解释什么是“教育原理”时提到“it is an attempt to discover what education is and how it takes p lace”，选项B符合题意。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第68期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Evidence came up（） specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old.问题1选项A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whose【答案】B【解析】考查同位语从句。

通过分析句子可知，后面specific sounds are recognized…是对前面的evidence的解释说明，是同位语，并且是个完整的句子，所以此处用that来引导这个同位语从句。

选项B符合题意。

2.单选题Since you changed lanes without signaling, you are as much to（）for the accident as us. 问题1选项A.blameB.accusationC.condemnationD.charge【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

blame“责任，过失”；accusation“指责，谴责”；condemnation “谴责，定罪”；charge “控告，控诉”。

句意：由于你变道前没开转向灯，你就应该像我们一样对这次事故负责。

选项A符合题意。

3.单选题Commercial banks made most of their income from interest （）on loans andinvestments and bonds.问题1选项A.earningB.earnedC.to earnD.was earned【答案】B【解析】考查分词做定语。

句意：商业银行主要从贷款、投资和债券中获得利息。

这里 interest 是被赚，是一个被动含义，所以应该用过去分词来做后置定语。

选项B符合题意。

4.单选题He spoke so （）that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.问题1选项A.bluntlyB.convincinglyC.emphaticallyD.determinedly【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：59

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some of this meat came from Canada. How about （）?问题1选项A.anotherB.othersC.the otherD.the rest【答案】D【解析】考查不可数名词的指代。

meat 是不可数名词，前面三个选项一般用来知道可数名词，所以不符合题意。

选项D既可以指代可数名词，也可以指代不可数名词，符合题意。

句意：这里一部分肉来自加拿大，那剩下的呢？2.单选题Some British universities are state-supported, others are privately（） and still others are supported by religious origination.问题1选项A.ensuredB.attributedC.authorizedD.endowed【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

ensure “保证，确保”；attribute “归属，把··· ···归于”；authorize “批准，认可”；endow “资助，捐赠”。

根据前半句句意“一些英国大学是政府创建的”，后半句“其他有些由宗教组织资助”，可以推出空格处要填入support的同义词，所以选项D符合题意。

3.单选题The employer must（） that the applications for the post have the proper qualifications. 问题1选项A.justifyB.verifyC.warrantD.perceive【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

justify “证明··· ···是正当的；替··· ···辩护”；verify “核实；查证”；warrant “保证；担保”；perceive “察觉，感觉”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：66

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题If you divide 7 by 3, you have 1 （）问题1选项A.left overB.left outC.left offD.left about【答案】A【解析】考查动词词组辨析。

left over “剩下，遗留”；left out “被遗忘，忽略”；left off “停止，中断”；left about “乱丢，乱放”。

句意：七除以三还余一。

选项A符合句意。

2.翻译题The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts.Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuade and how compromise, is reached within the culture of the negotiation.In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthyand impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multimillion-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator's role becomes that of an impersonal purveyor of information and cash.In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position.Two traits in particular those cause cross-cultural misunderstandings are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore，American negotiators, often insist on realizing short-term benefits. Foreign negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator.Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success for negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding.【答案】国际贸易以及海外投资的增长促使了对具有语言知识和跨文化交流技巧的人才的需求的出现。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：65

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Tight shoes（） my feet.问题1选项A.irritateB.smartC.acheD.bruise【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。

Irritate “激怒；使兴奋”，动词；smart “聪明的”，形容词；ache “疼痛”，名词；bruise “擦伤”，名词或者动词。

句意：这双鞋子太紧了，把我的脚给擦伤了。

选项D符合题意。

2.单选题One of the requirements for a fire is that the material（）to its burning temperature. 问题1选项A.be heatedB.is heatedC.would heatedD.to heated 【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。

requirement为主语，所以后面应该使用虚拟语气，后面的动词形式是should do，表示“要求··· ···，其中should是可以省略的。

Material与heat之间应该是被动语态，所以应该是should be heated，其中should可以省略，所以选项A符合题意。

3.单选题They（） his claim of innocence with eye-witness testimony问题1选项A.objectedB.opposedC.contradictedD.refuted【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

object “反对（一般与介词to搭配使用）”；oppose “反对；对抗，抗争”；contradict “反驳；否定；与··· ···矛盾”；refute “驳斥”。

句意：他们用目击者的证词来驳斥他声称自己无辜。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第16期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（） asleep, the injured was really awake and listening.问题1选项A.Although pretending to beB.BeingC.To beD.While【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。

空格处所在句子后半句句意：这个伤员清醒并且在认真听着。

可知空格处应该是表示假装睡着，选项A符合题意。

2.单选题Every student must（） the library rules.问题1选项A.conceive ofpensate forC.concentrate onply with 【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。

conceive of “设想，想象”；compensate for “赔偿，补偿”; concentrate on “集中精力于，全神贯注于”；comply with “照做，遵守”。

句意：每个学生都必须遵守图书馆的规则。

选项D符合题意。

3.单选题（） in India, the banana was brought to the Americas by the Portuguese who found it in Africa.问题1选项A.Originally cultivatedB.Originally being cultivatedC.Having originally cultivatedD.Although it originally cultivated【答案】A【解析】考查过去分词的用法。

句子的主语时 the banana，从四个选项可知 cultivate 是一个关键词，其与the banana的关系是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，选项C与D可以排除。

主句中用的时态是was 过去时，因此可以排除选项B。

吉林大学考博英语模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)

吉林大学考博英语模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading ComprehensionStructure and V ocabulary1．Hidden hotel costs can be a source of frustration to the frugal traveler.A．carefulB．cleverC．ignorantD．economical正确答案：D解析：形容词词义辨析。

frugal意为“节省的，节俭的”。

选项中只有economical(节约的，节俭的)符合题目要求。

careful“小心的，仔细的”；clever “聪明的”；ignorant“无知的，愚昧的”。

故答案为D。

2．Thick with trees and sparse with homes, this tranquil area 50 miles north of Houston could be a slice of heaven.A．moltenB．sereneC．isolatedD．snobbish正确答案：B解析：形容词词义辨析。

tranquil意为”安静的，平静的”。

选项中只有serene(宁静的)符合题目要求。

故答案为B。

molten“熔化的”；isolated“与世隔绝的”；snobbish “势利眼的”。

3．Accommodations must be made for students with learning disabilities.A．criminalB．pumpC．psychologyD．lodgings正确答案：D解析：名词词义辨析。

accommodation意为“住处，膳宿”。

选项中只有lodging(寄宿处，寄宿，住房)符合题目要求。

故答案为D。

criminal“罪犯，犯罪者”；pump“水泵”；psychology“心理学”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：24

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Communication is the process of a message（） from a source to an audience via a channel.问题1选项A.shiftingB.transmittingC.submittingD.transforming【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

shift “转移；改变；替换”；transmit “传输；传播”；submit “使服从；呈递”；transform “改变，使变形；转换”。

句意：通信是消息通过渠道从出处传播给观众的过程。

选项B符合题意。

2.单选题The United States and Canada are lands of （）except for the Indians, who are the only true natives.问题1选项A.emigrantsB.immigrantsC.dwellersD.inhabitants【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

emigrants “移民（移出）”；immigrants “移民（移入）”；dwellers “居民，居住者”；inhabitants “本地居民，土著居民”。

句意：美国和加拿大是移民的土地，除了印第安人，他们是唯一真正的土著人美国和加拿大拥有除了了土著居民和印第安人以为的大量移民。

选项B 符合题意。

3.单选题Hard work and malnutrition （）his health and he looked thin and pale.问题1选项A.impairedB.promotedC.acceleratedD.smashed【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

impair “损害”；promote “促进”；accelerate “加速”；smash “击碎，撞击”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：100

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The recent news of the successful cloning of an adult sheep —in which the sheep’s DNA was inserted into an unfertilized sheep egg to produce a lamb with identical DNA — has generated an outpouring of ethical concerns. These concerns are not about Dolly, the now famous sheep, nor even about the considerable impact cloning may have on the animal breeding industry, but rather about the possibility of cloning humans. For the most part, however, the ethical concerns being raised are exaggerated and misplaced, because they are based on erroneous views about what genes are and what they can do. The danger, therefore, lies not in the power of the technology, but in the misunderstanding of its significance.Producing a clone of a human being would not amount to crea ting a “ carbon copy ” —an automaton of the sort familiar from science fiction. It would be more like producing a delayed identical twin. And just as identical twins are two separate people —biologically, psychologically, morally and legally, though not genetically — so to embrace a belief in genetic determinism —the view that genes determine everything about us, and that environmental factors or the random events in human development are utterly insignificant. The overwhelming consensus among geneticists is that genetic determinism is false.As geneticists have come to understand the ways in which genes operate, they have also become aware of the myriad ways in which the environment affects their “expression”. The genetic contribution to the simplest physical traits, such as height and hair color, is significantly mediated by environmental factors. And the genetic contribution to the traits we value most deeply, from intelligence to compassion, is conceded by even the most enthusiastic genetic researchers to be limited and indirect. Indeed, we need only appeal to our ordinary experience with identical twins—that they are different people despite their similarities—to appreciate that genetic determinism is false.Furthermore, because of the extra steps involved, cloning will probably always be riskier—that is, less likely to result in a live birth —that in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer. For example, it took more than 275 attempts before the researchers were able to obtain a successful sheep clone. While cloning methods may improve, we should note that even standard IVF techniques typically have success rate of less than 20 percent. So why would anyone go to the trouble of cloning?1.What process resulted in the successful cloning of an adult sheep?2.According to the essay, in what respect the relationship between a cloned human being and its counterpart is similar to the relationship of twins?3.What does the concept of genetic determinism state?4.What are examples of genetic contribution?5.According to the passage, where does the danger of cloning lie in? 问题1选项A.In vitro fertilization.B.Embryo transfer.C.The insertion of a mature sheep’s DNA into an unfertilized egg.D.The adoption of physical and genetic characteristics.问题2选项A.Both a cloned human being and a part of twins have the same conceptions of morality.B.The environment one is born into affects their conceptions of reality.C.The connection is strictly genetic.D.The similarities are biological, legal, moral and psychological.问题3选项A.That each individual’s DNA determines their capabilities in life regardless of environmental morality.B.Environmental factors greatly influence persons’ actions and beliefs.C.Both genes and environments determine human traits.D.Identical twins have the capacity to be completely independent beings and have individual ideas.问题4选项A.Hair and eye color.B.A child’s attitude towards their parents.C.A person’s values.D.Fashion style.问题5选项A.The power of technology.B.Ethical and moral issues.C.The mistaken understanding of its significance.D.The exact replication of dangerous people.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第一句话提到in which the sheep’s DNA was inserted into an unfertilized sheep egg to produce a lamb with identical DNA, 所以选项C符合题意。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：56

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（） her interest in children, teaching should be the right career for her.问题1选项A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.To give【答案】C【解析】考查given的特殊语法。

given 充当介词，意思是“考虑到”。

句意：考虑到她对孩子的兴趣，教学工作应该是她正确的职业。

选项C符合题意。

2.单选题He was fired because he was（） late for work.问题1选项A.occasionallyB.consistentlyC.presentlyD.weekly 【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。

occasionally “偶尔”；consistently “一贯地”；pr esently “不久，一会儿”；weekly “每周一次”。

句意：他被解雇了，因为他上班总是迟到。

选项B符合题意。

3.单选题Tight shoes（） my feet.问题1选项A.irritateB.smartC.acheD.bruise【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。

Irritate “激怒；使兴奋”，动词；smart “聪明的”，形容词；ache “疼痛”，名词；bruise “擦伤”，名词或者动词。

句意：这双鞋子太紧了，把我的脚给擦伤了。

选项D符合题意。

4.单选题Art that endures often makes an initially disturbing impact: the profound experience that such art seeks to provoke necessarily engenders a certain（） .问题1选项A.familiarityB.ennuiC.upheavalD.intimacy【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：11

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Hill slopes were cleared of forests to make way for crops, which now only （）the crisis. 问题1选项A.acceleratesB.prevailsC.ascendsD.precedes【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

Accelerate “加速，促进”；prevail “流行，占上风”；ascend “上升”；precede “领先”。

根据句意“山坡上的树木因为要种庄稼而被砍伐”，因而加速了这个危机。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题The archaeologist（） that the vase was 3500 years old.问题1选项A.utilizedB.upheldC.estimatedD.sustained 【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

utilized “利用” ；upheld “坚持，维护” ；estimated “估计”；sustained “维持”。

句意：考古学家估计这个花瓶有3500年的历史了。

选项C符合题意。

3.单选题Some sports equipment requires a special（） .问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

insulation “绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation “保存，保留”；snap “猛咬，劈啪声”；grip “紧握，柄，支配”。

句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。

选项B符合题意。

4.单选题Whenever possible, Ian （）how well he speaks Japanese.问题1选项A.shows upB.shows aroundC.shows offD.shows out【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第70期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The people will rebel if they feel that they are excluded （）sharing the wealth of the country.问题1选项A.outB.byC.fromD.without【答案】C【解析】考察短语搭配。

be excluded from “从··· ···中被排除”是固定搭配。

选项C符合题意。

句意：如果他们觉得自己被排除在国家财富分享之外，人民就会起来反抗。

选项C符合题意。

2.单选题I feel rather at a（） talking to her, because she is so clever.问题1选项A.defectB.faultC.disadvantageD.mistake【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

defec t“缺点，缺陷”；fault“错误，缺点，毛病”；disadvantage“缺点，不利条件，损失”；mistake “错误，误会，过失”。

句意：我感觉跟她谈话不占优势，因为她太聪明了。

选项C符合题意。

3.单选题The surpassing beauty of his paintings（） those of his contemporaries.问题1选项A.besmearedB.belittledC.dwarfedD.bedimmed【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

besmear “弄脏，涂抹”；belittle “轻视”；dwarf “使显得矮小；使相形见绌”；bedim “使··· ···模糊”。

句意：他画作的非凡的美丽使他同时代的人的那些画相形见绌。

选项C符合题意。