跨文化交际第七章

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7.1.2 Context and Communication
1.Communication is rule governed.
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respectful words power suit shake hands
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less formal words T-shirts high-five gesture
2. Firth (1957)
For Firth (1957), context is the entire cultural setting of speech and personal history of the participants. 1)participants in the situation. 2)action of participants. 3)relevant features of the situation. 4) effects of the action.
7.1.2 Context and communicatoon
7.3.2 Culture-specific Bussiness Practices
7.4.2 Value Conflicts in the Workforce
7.1.3 The influence of context on 5/16/2014 communication
区别 中国 美国
1.价值体系
集体观念较重，只顾自己，吃 独食与中国主流文化违背。
社会关系建立在个人独立上， 追求平等，不能不劳而获。
2.饮食的文化 地位
饮食比较重要，是联络感情或 表达目的的方式之一。
吃饭无非是给身体增加营养， 保持健康。
3.聚餐目的
鸿门宴 杯酒释兵权
目的比较单纯
张严秋，2013：112
1. I never had much in seeing you. There was no love lost between us at any time. 我向来不大想看到你，咱们两人之间大概什么时候都不曾有 过好感。(没有爱可失去）
2. We grumble a little now and then , to be sure ,there's no love lost between us. 我们有时也免不了争吵几句，但是我们还是相亲相爱。（没 有失去爱）
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Rules are culturally diverse.
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
1.Communication is rule governed.
The rules cover both nonverbal and verbal behaviors and determine not only what should be said and how it should be said.
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7.3 Culture and Bussiness Context
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7.3 Culture and Bussiness Context
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7.3 Culture and Bussiness Context
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7.3 Culture and Bussiness Context
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7.1.1 Definition of Context
Context is first defined by Malinowski (1923) as the while-doing 1.Malinowski activities and cultural customs in communication. He maintains that in order to get an adequate understanding of utterances we should not only (1923) consider the particular context of utterances but also take into account the broader context of situation and context of culture.
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Ch来自百度文库pter7 The Bussiness Setting
7. The Bussiness Setting
7.1 Context and Communication
7.2 Culture and the Bussiness Context
7.3 The International Bussiness Context
7.4 The Domestic Bussiness Context
7.1.1 Definition of the Context
7.3.1 Cultural Views Toward Mangement and managers
7.4.1 The importance of Diversity in Advertising
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7.1.3 The influence of context on communication
• 1. communication content • 2. communication behavior • 3. communication interpretation
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7.1.3 The influence of context on communication
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
2. Context specify the appropriate rules.
Think about how such contexts as a classroom, bank, church, hospital, courtroom, wedding, or funeral determine which communication rules apply.
Chapter Outline
Cultural Influences on Context
Chapter7: The Bussiness Setting
Chapet8: The Educational Setting
Chapter9: The Health Care Setting
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
3. Rules are Culturally Diverse.
去哪啊？吃了没？
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Hi，morning.
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
3. Rules are Culturally Diverse.
4.胡壮麟 （1994:182）
5.王德春 (1960s)
语境就是、时间、地点、场合、对象等客观因素和使用语言的人的身 份、思想、性格、职业、修养、处境、心情等主观因素所构成的使用语言 的环境。 《使用语言的环境》
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
Three assumptions about human communication: Communication is rule governed. Context specify the appropriate rules.
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
2. Context specify the appropriate rules.
Extrem deviation can lead to such social sanctions as being ignored , or even being cited for contempt of court.
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
2. Context specify the appropriate rules.
1.收到邀请函要说“恭喜”。 2.礼金袋上要写上祝贺的话。 3.礼金金额视情况而定。 4.避免穿白色服装，休闲味不要太重。 5.常用祝福语：天地之合 心心相印 永结同心 百年好合等。 6.出席喜宴要提前半小时到达. 7.在接待柜前，要先说祝福的话。递 上礼袋正面朝上。 8.认真聆听致辞。 9.致辞结束要记得拍手。
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7.1.1 Definition of Context
胡壮麟先生（1994）把语境分为三类：（1）语言语境，即上下文 （context），指语篇内部环境；（2）情景语境（situational context），指语篇产生时的环境，事件的特征、性质和谈话的主题、时 间、地点、方式等；（3）文化语境，指作者所在的语言社会团体的历史 文化和风俗人情。
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7.2 Culture and Bussiness Context
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7.2 Culture and Bussiness Context The most successful firms in the global arena will be companies whose employees not only understand world economics and global competitiveness but who also have the ability to communicate effectively with international counterparts.
In China
I n America
Chinese will insist on paying for all The cost of the meal or the entertainment. entertainment can be shared.
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
2. Context specify the appropriate rules.
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
3. Rules are Culturally Diverse
A:你这衣服真漂亮。 B：漂亮什么啊，都好几年了。
A: You look beautiful in the dress. B: Thank you.
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7.1.2 Context and Communication
3. Rules are Culturally Diverse.
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