大学体验英语综合教程课堂辅导Book 3Unit 2-passage a-词汇充电

1 angle

n. the space between two lines or surfaces that meet or cross each other角，角度；观点，看法：Consider all angles of the question. 考虑这问题的各个方面。｜These two lines form a right angle. 这两条线成一直角。｜The two roads lie at an angle of about 45 degrees.这两条路交叉成45度角。｜The reporter wrote the story from the political angle. 记者从政治角度写了这篇报道。

vt. fish with line and hook; try and obtain sth by hinting钓鱼；使用暗示手段以期获得某事物：He angled with an artificial fly. 他用假蝇钓鱼。｜She angled for a good name. 她沽名钓誉。

【联想】angled adj. 成角度的；angling n. 钓鱼；angler n. 垂钓者；acute angle 锐角；obtuse angle 钝角；right angle 直角

【短语】at a different angle从不同角度｜at an angle倾斜地, 成一定角度｜from various angles从各种不同角度｜get a new angle on sth.[口]用新的观点来看问题｜

make an angle of... with 与……成……角｜meet at right angles相交成直角｜

cross at right angles相交成直角｜take the angle测角度｜angle for( 使用手段)

谋取; ( 通过间接途径) 谋取; ( 使用手腕) 追求

2 apparently

adv. obviously, clearly 明显的：Apparently, you have done a lot of work. 很明显你们已经做了很多工作。｜Apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk.公牛对挑衅显然很敏感, 它全然不顾斗牛士, 却向醉汉冲去。｜Apparently she was trying her best to save her child from severe illness. 很明显, 她在尽力设法挽救她那重病的孩子。

【联想】appear v. 出现，显露；看起来像；apparent adj. 显然的；表面上的｜形近词implement v. 贯彻、执行；supplement n. 补充

【考题】________ she was trying her best to save her child from severe illness.

A. Appearly

B. Apparently

C. Appealingly

D. Appellant

【详解】答案B。题意为：很明显，她在尽力设法挽救她那重病的孩子。无appearly 一词；appealingly 动人地，有吸引力地；appellant 上诉的。

3 atom

n. the smallest part of an element that can exist chemically 原子：A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. 一个水分子是由两个氢原子和一个氧原子构成的

【联想】atomic adj. 原子的；nucleus n. 原子核；nuclear adj. 原子核的

【短语】smash ... to atoms 把……砸[炸]得粉碎/ not an atom of 一点也没有, 丝毫没有

4 condense

v. to reduce in size：A long story may be condensed into a few sentences.一个长篇故事可缩写成几句话。｜Steam is condensed to water when it touches a cold surface. 水蒸气触及冷的表面即凝结成水。

【联想】利用词中词巧辨同义词：dense 浓缩→condense 浓缩｜press 压→compress 压缩｜tract 拉→contract收缩

【考题】A long story may be ___________ into a few sentences.

A. shortened

B. condensed

C. contracted

D. abbreviated

【详解】答案:B。句意：一个长篇故事缩写成几句话。四个选项都有“缩短”之意。shorten 使变短；abbreviate

缩写，尤指字母的缩写形式；contract 浓缩；condense 精简，浓缩。

5 convince

v. to make someone completely certain about something使确信，使相信：He convinced me that

I should study law. 他劝我应该学法律。｜It took many hours to convince the court of his

guilt. 花费了许多个小时法庭才相信他有罪。

【联想】convinced adj. 确信的，信服的；convincing adj. 令人信服的；convincingly adv.

有说服力地

【考题】The secret agent concealed her real mission, therefore many local people were ______ into thinking that she was a good person.

A. betrayed

B. driven

C. deceived

D. convinced

【详解】答案:C。句意：这个特工隐藏了她的真实身份，因此许多当地人被她欺骗了，认为她是一个好人。betray v. 背叛；drive v. 驱动，驱赶；convince v. 使信服；

deceive v. 欺骗。

【短语】be convinced of确信，承认｜be convinced that确信，承认｜convince sb. of 使某人承认，使某人信服｜convince oneself of 充分弄明白[清楚]

6 create

v. to bring something new into existence 创造：God created man. [宗]上帝创造了人。

【联想】派生词creation n.创造；creative adj. 有创造性的

【考题】We have ___________ a beautiful new house from an old ruin.

A. produced

B. created

C. made

D. generated

【详解】答案:B。句意：在旧废墟上我们已建起一所漂亮的新房子。produce 生产，制造；create 从无到有的创造；make 制造；generate 生产，在产生。

【辨异】create, compose, design, invent, make, produce 都含“创造”的意思。｜(1) create 指“有目的地把原材料制成新产品”；也指“创造出原来不存在或与众不同的事

物”。｜(2) compose 指“创作( 诗、画、音乐或文章等)”，如：The poet composed

a new poem. 这位诗人创作了一首新诗。｜(3) design 指“制作某物之前深思熟

虑地构思”，如：It was he that designed the garden. 这个花园是他设计的。｜(4)

invent 指“通过想象、研究、劳动，创造出前所未有的东西”，尤指“科技上的

发明创造”，如：Edison invented the light bulb.爱迪生发明了电灯泡。｜(5) make

是最常用词，指“用劳动——任何制造、生产、形成或组成”，如：All kinds of

precision machine tools are made in this factory. 这家工厂制造各种精密机床。｜

(6) produce 指“通过劳动加工而生产产品”，尤指“工农业产品”，如：We must

produce more food for ourselves and import less. 我们必须增产食品，减少进口。

7 curiosity

n. the desire to know or to learn好奇心：He is full of curiosity.他充满了好奇心。

【联想】curious adj. 好奇的；形变类似：generous adj. 慷慨的→generosity n. 慷慨【短语】be on tiptoe with curiosity 充满好奇心｜from curiosity (=out of curiosity) 在好奇心驱使下｜in open curiosity公然出头过问与自己无关的事｜set sb.’s curiosity

agog引起某人的好奇心｜C-killed a cat.好奇伤身。

8 detail

n. an unimportant part of something/ a single piece of fact about something细枝末节，琐碎/细节：Give me all the details of the accident —tell me what happened in detail. 给我说说事故发生的详情，详细告诉我发生了什么事。｜Not a single detail is to be omitted. 任何细节不得遗漏。｜There is too much detail in his speech. 他的讲话太琐碎了。

【联想】[熟]tailor( 裁缝) →[根]tail(=cut 裁，切，分割) →[生]detail；retail 零售

【短语】enter into details 详述, 逐一细说｜go into details 详述, 逐一细说｜in detail 详细地｜detail by detail逐一

9 device

n. ①a piece of equipment intended for a particular purpose装置，设备：These newly-designed devices will appear on the exhibition next month. 这些新设计的器件将在下月的展览会上展出。②means方法，设计：Their proposal was only a device to confuse the opposition. 他们的提议只是迷惑对手的计策。

【考题】The police set a _________ to catch the thieves.

A. plan

B. device

C. trap

D. trick

【详解】答案:C。句意：警方设了一个圈套抓住了小偷。plan n. 计划；device n. 设备；

trick n. 诡计；trapn. 陷阱，圈套。

【短语】leave sb. to his own devices 对某人不闻不问, 听任某人自行其是；让某人自己去想办法

10 essence

n. the central or most important quality of a thing本质，精髓：He is in essence a reclusive sort.

他本质上具有一种隐士的气质｜Time is of the essence. 时间就是生命

【考题】The _________ of his religious teaching is love for all humanity.

A. fact

B. importance

C. essence

D. sense

【详解】答案:C。句意：他的宗教讲义的核心是博爱。fact 事实；importance 重要性；

essence 精髓；sense感觉。

【短语】in essence 本质上；大体上；其实/ of the essence 绝对需要的，不可缺少的，极重要的

11 evidence

n. information that gives a reason for believing something or proves something证据：Can you show me any evidence for your statement? 你能给我看你供词的证据吗?｜The police have evidence that the killer was an old woman.警察有证据证明, 凶手是个老年妇女。

【联想】evident adj. 明显的，明白的

【辨异】(1) evidence“证据”，即证明某事正确的凭据，一般表示抽象意义。如：Running away was evidence of his guilt. 逃跑是他有罪的证据。｜(2) proof“证据，证明”，

一般指实物证据。如：Give me some proof of what you say. 给我提供一些你所说

的证据。｜(3) witness“见证”，多作“证人，目击者”来讲。如：He was called

as a witness at the trial. 在法庭上他被称作目击证人。

12 evident

adj. obvious to the eye or mind; clear明显的，清楚的：The applause made it evident the play was a hit.掌声显然表明该剧是成功的。｜It’s evident that you are tired. 显然你累了。

【考题】It is __________ that they have no experience in his work.

A. obvious

B. evident

C. evocative

D. evolutionary

【详解】答案:B。句意：很明显，他们做这项工作没有经验。obvious 一目了然，无需证明；evident 根据某些迹象或事实加以一定的推理后而显而易见；

evocative 引起……记忆的，唤起……感情的；evolutionary 进化的，演变的。

【辨异】evident, obvious, apparent 意思都含“明显的”｜(1) evident 多用于推理及抽象的事, 指“明显的”，如：It’s evident that the plan is impracticable. 很明

显这计划是不能实现的。｜(2) obvious 指“容易知道或发现, 无须解释或

证明的”，如：It’s obvious that a man isn’t strong enough to lift an elephant.很

明显, 一个人是不能举起大象的。｜(3) apparent 含“一目了然的”的意思,

还可指“思想上容易理解的”，如：It’s apparent that he can’t be trusted. 很显

然，他是不可信赖的。

13 fundamental

adj. ①(of a quality, idea, development, etc.) being at the base or essential基础的：a fundamental difference between their aims 他们目标的根本差异｜②of the greatest importance 最重要的：Fresh air is fundamental to goodhealth. 空气新鲜是身体健康之必需。

【考题】Accuracy is _________ to the programming of computers.

A. primary

B. elementary

C. fundamental

D. characteristic

【详解】答案:C。句意：准确对电脑程序来说是必不可少的。fundamental 重要的。

原句为“be...to...”结构，根据题意，该结构意思应为“对……十分重要”，

只有fundamental 有这种用法，A、B、D项均不合题意。

14 genius

n. ①great and rare powers of thought, skill, or imagination天赋：a genius for mathematics 数学的天分｜②a person of very great ability or very high intelligence 天才，才子：He’s

a genius at mathematics.他是个数学天才。

【考题】Einstein was a _________.

A. genie

B. genesis

C. genuine

D. genius

【详解】答案D。题意：爱因斯坦是一个天才。genie 神怪，妖怪；genesis 起源；genuine 真正的；genius 超乎寻常的天才，语气较强，复数形式为genuises；talent，gift

与genius 近义，可在实践中发展或完善，gift 泛指天赋的才能。

【辨异】genius, gift, talent 意思都是“天赋”、“才能”。｜(1) genius 在这组同义词中程度最高，指“最全面的天才”，也可指“有天才的人”，如：Li Bai was a great

genius. 李白是个伟大的天才。｜(2) gift 侧重“天赋”，如：She has a gift for

music. 她有音乐天赋。｜(3) talent 侧重“才能”，如：He showed great talent in

language. 他显示出语言才能。

15 insight

n. the power of the mind to reason and acquire knowledge (contrasted with feeling and instinct) 智力，才智，领悟力( 与感情及本能相对)：I never questioned my father’s insight. 我对我父亲的洞察力从不置疑。

【考题】These excursions will give you an even deeper _________ into our language and culture.

A. inquiry

B. investigation

C. input

D. insight

【详解】答案:D。句意：这几次游玩会使你对我们的语言和文化有更深的了解。insight 一词意为“了解，洞察力”。因此，insight 为正确答案。inquiry 意为“询问，

调查”。investigation 意为“调查”。input 意为“投入，输入”。

【短语】a man of insight 有洞察力的人｜gain an insight into 了解, 熟悉; 看透, 识破｜have an insight into 了解, 熟悉; 看透, 识破

16 invisible

n. that cannot be seen 看不见的，无形的：It was so cloudy that the top of the mountain was invisible. 天很阴，看不见山顶。｜When I called, their head was invisible. 我去拜访时, 他们的负责人没有露面。

【联想】visible adj. 看得见的；vision n. 视觉；visual adj. 视觉的

【考题】The damage to his car was _________; therefore, he could not repair it himself.

A. considerable

B. appreciable

C. negligible

D. invisible

【详解】答案:D。句意：看不出来车哪里坏了，所以他自己修不了。considerable 相当大的，值得考虑的；appreciable 可感知的，可评估的；negligible 可以忽略的，

无足轻重的，很小的，微不足道的。

【短语】invisible green 深绿｜invisible ink 显隐墨水｜invisible line 隐线, 塞线｜invisible loss 看不见的损失, 蒸发损失｜invisible to the naked eye 肉眼看不

见的

17 patience

n. the ability to accept delay, or suffering without complaining耐性，忍耐力，耐心：Have patience; the bus will come soon. 耐心点，公共汽车快来了。｜Patience is a plaster for all sores. (谚) 忍耐可减轻一切痛苦。｜We shall all remember Mr Page for his patience and understanding.我们大家都会记得,佩奇先生既耐心又体谅人。

【联想】patient n./adj. 病人/ 有耐心的

【短语】angelic patience (=the patience of Job) 极大的耐心｜be out of patience with 对……忍无可忍｜of all patience with 对……忍无可忍｜enough to try the

patience of a saint 圣人也忍受不了｜have no patience with 对……不能容忍;

对……没有耐性｜be patient with sb. /of sth. 容忍某人/ 某物

18 persist

v. insist坚持：On the top of very high mountains snow persists throughout the year.高山顶上, 积雪终年不化。

【联想】派生词persistence坚持不懈

【考题】If you __________ causing troubles, the company will have to dismiss you.

A. persevere in

B. persist in

C. insist with

D. insist in

【详解】答案:B。句意：如果你坚持制造麻烦，公司会开除你的。persevere in (with) 坚持( 持续) 某种具体行为，不屈不挠，用于褒义；insist on 指坚持某种意见、主

张；persist in (with) 坚持，一般用于贬义。

【短语】persist in sth. 坚持做某事/persist in doing sth. 坚持做某事/persist with 继续努力, 坚持不懈

19 persistence

n. the ability of continuing in a course of action or way of behaving坚持不懈：He has won wide recognition in this field. 他在这一领域里赢得广泛赞誉。

【联想】派生词recognize v. 认识，认出；recognizable adj. 可承认的；recognizably adv.

可辨认地；recognizance

n. 保证书。

【短语】alter / change beyond recognition 改变得使人认不出; alter / change out of recognition 改变得使人认不出

20 respond

v. ①give a verbal or written answer ( 以口头或书面方式) 回答：I offered him a drink but he didn’t respond. 我请他喝酒，但他未作回答。②to act in return or in answer 回报或回复以回报或回答行动：The patient has responded rapidly to the treatment. 病人在治疗后立刻有起色。｜The plane responds well to the controls. 这飞机对操纵反应灵敏。

【联想】已知：[动]expend —[名]expense ｜易记：[动]respond —[名]response

【短语】respond to 作为对……的回答；作为对……的反应

21spark

v. ①to be the cause of; to lead to激发：A cheering crowd sparked the runner to triumph.加油的人群鼓舞着跑步运动员直到取得胜利。②to give out or produce sparks冒火花，发出大火星：Her eyes sparked with fury.她气得两眼冒火。

n. a small bit of burning material thrown out by a fire or by the striking together of two hard objects火花，火星：A single spark can start a prairie fire.星星之火, 可以燎原。｜There was a wild spark in his eyes.他的两眼炯炯发光。｜He showed not a spark of interest. 他丝毫不感兴趣。

【联想】sparkling adj. 闪烁的，闪闪发光的；sparkle vi.& n. 闪闪发光，闪烁；sparkless adj. 不闪光的

【短语】make the sparks fly 干得非常积极; 进行得非常热烈｜not a spark of 毫无, 一点都不｜strike sparks out of sb. 激发某人的聪明才智, 引起某人大发议论｜spark

sth. off (=spark off sth.) 使爆炸, 引爆; [喻]导致; 引起｜spark out 断火; 无火花

磨削

22 stir

v. ①to move a liquid around and mix something into it with a spoon or a similar object使……

动，搅动：He put sugar in his tea and stirred it. 他把糖放进茶里并搅拌它。｜The leaves stirred in the wind. 树叶在风中摇动。｜No one was stirring in the house. 全家都在休息。

②to produce (strong feelings) in (someone) 激起：He was deeply stirred by the news. 他深

为这项消息所激动。

【考题】The news _________ deep feeling in me.

A. stirred

B. excited

C. stuck

D. moved

【详解】答案A。题意：这消息深深地感动了我。stir 指激起内心强烈的感情；excite 通过行为使人产生强烈的感情反应；stick 刺，扎，粘贴；move 感动。

【辨异】stir, arouse, excite ｜(1) stir 激动，指从开始的平静状态被扰动或本身开始运动，可及物也可不及物。｜(2) arouse 激起，引起，仅有及物意义，指通过某

种行为使人或事物产生反应。｜(3) excite刺激，使激动，指通过行为使人产

生强烈的感情反应，只有及物意义。

【短语】stir sb. from sound sleep 把某人从熟睡中唤醒｜stir memories of 唤起对……的回忆｜stir interest in sth. 引起对某事的兴趣｜stir sb.’s sympathy 激起某人的

同情｜stir new thinking 激发新思想｜stir violent protests 煽动暴力抗议｜

stir fiery debate 挑起激烈的争论｜stir up 搅起，搅拌

23 structure

n. ①an arrangement or organization; something formed of many parts结构：We learnt about the structure of the brain today. 今天我们学习了大脑的构造。②building 建筑物：The builders had put up a tall structure between the shops. 建筑工人已经在商店之间建起一座高层建筑。

【考题】The Eiffel Tower is one of the most famous ________ in the world.

A. framework

B. constitutions

C. instructions

D. structures

【详解】答案D。题意：埃菲尔铁塔是世界上著名的建筑之一。structure 建筑物；framework 指在事物中构成基本形态及支撑其他部分的框架，构架；constitution 结构，构

成，成分；instruction 指示，指导，教导。

【辨异】(1) building“建筑物”，最普通用语，如房屋、仓库、教堂、学校等，如：The new

hospital is a big building. 这所新医院是一座大建筑物。｜(2) structure“建筑

物”，比building 包含的内容广泛，包括桥、塔、要塞等，如：On the way home

we saw a structure of foreign style. 在回家的路上，我们看到一座异国情调的建

筑物。

【用法】(1) structure 作“结构；构造”解时，一般是不可数名词。如：economic structure 经济结构；｜(2) structure 作“建筑物”解时，是可数名词。如：a tall structure

一个高大的建筑物

24 twist

v. ①to turn 转动，旋动：Twist the lid to open it. 拧这盖儿打开它。｜②to turn a number of threads together 捻，搓：String is made of threads twisted together. 绳子是由卷捻在一起做成的。｜③to hurt (a joint) as in an accident 扭伤( 关节)：He twisted his wrist. 他扭伤了手腕｜④to turn and curve 扭头：She twisted around to see what was happening. 她扭过头去看看发生了什么。

【短语】a twist in one’s tongue发音不清, 口齿不清｜a twist on the shorts杀空头(抬高市价, 使抛空盘者受到损失) ｜twist it down 狼吞虎咽｜twist of the wrist 巧妙

的手法｜twist off 扭断; 扭[拧]开｜twist up 把……卷成螺旋形; 扭弯; 歪

曲｜twists and turns 迂回曲折之处; 各个角落; 精微处

25 ultimate

adj. ①being or happening at the end of a process or course of action 最后的，最终的：the ultimate objective 最终目标/the ultimate truth 最终真理｜②basic or fundamental 根本的，首要的：an ultimate truth. 根本的事实/ultimate principles 基本原则

【短语】in the ultimate 到最后，终于

【辨异】(1) ultimate adj. 最后的，终极的，主要的，如：ultimate cause 终极原因｜(2) final adj. 最终的，最__后的，如：the final scene of a film. 电影的最后场面｜

(3) last adj. 最后的，末尾的，如：the last day in the year 一年中最末一天

26 come over

to make a short informal visit来访，造访：He came over to see me yesterday.昨天他来看望了我。｜Whenever in trouble, she would come over to us for help. 无论何时有困难，她都会来找我们帮忙。

【短语】come about 出现；发生｜come across 偶然遇到或找到：｜come along 进展对一个目标有进步；前进：｜come around or come round 恢复，还原：｜come at

获得；得到：｜come by 占有；取得；访问｜come down 失去财富或地位：｜

come in 到达：｜come out 成为众所周知；发行或发表；

27 come up with

to think of (a plan, reply, etc.); to produce想出，提供：The students came up with many a good proposal.学生们提出了很多好的建议。

28 come upon

①to meet, find, or discover, esp. by chance (偶然)遇见，(偶然)发现：I came upon a group of children playing in the street. 我遇到一群孩子在街上玩耍。②fool somebody into doing something, to deceive somebody into doing something 哄骗某人干某事：She came upon me for assistance. 她骗我帮助她。

29 in no way

not at all 一点也不，决不：I will in no way accept your suggestion. 我决不接受你的建议。

30 take part in

to try very hard to achieve or get力求取得：They are taking part in pushing for electoral reform.他们迫切要求改革选举制度。

31 relate to

to understand and accept理解，接受/to concern or be connected with sth.和某事有关：The symbols relate to an earlier system.这些标志和以前的制度有关联。｜She doesn’t relate well to her peers.她不能和同事建立良好的关系。｜I just can’t relate to these new fashions.

我对这些新时装不能产生共鸣。

32 up to

as a maximum number of amount 多达：My car takes up to ten people. 我的汽车最多能坐十个人。