英汉翻译之语言风格传译
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英汉翻译之
语言风格的传译
语言除传递某种意义外，还具有一定的风 格特征，或简或繁，或雅或俗，或庄或谐， 或平铺直叙，或委婉曲折。因风格不同，给 读者带来的感受就不同。
翻译追求译文读者与原文读者有相同或相 似的感受，所以译者应以庄译庄，以谐译谐， 应在译文中再现原文的语言风格。
译者在翻译前需对英文原文的语言风格进 行解码。一般说来，译者可以从词汇、句法 和修辞手法三个层面来分析英文原文语言使 用上的特征。
Leabharlann Baidu
“I wanted to go off to another town, but then everyone got busy matchmaking and they were after me so they nearly tore my coat tail off. They talked at me and talked until I got water on the ear. She was no chaste maiden, but they told me she was a virgin pure.”
哈里逊是我的旧友，侨居地中海多年，近返
英国。他早已梦想在英国本土退休，迁往乡
间定居。归国伊始，便买下一栋清雅的别墅。
可是刚一住下，就抱怨起英国的天气来；原
来虽说当时炎暑未尽，但阴雨连绵，寒冷彻
骨。
“he has been in his room all day,” the landlady said downstairs. “I guess he don’t feel well. I said to him ‘Mr Anderson, you ought to go out and take a walk on nice fall like this,’ but he didn’t feel like it.”
My old friend Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down to the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer it rained continuously and it was often bitterly cold.
一，词汇标记：
英语词汇有两个主要来源：一是英语本族
词汇，即古英语盎格鲁撒克逊词,如house, red, fire, green, make, talk等；一是外 来词，如residence, conflagration, scarlet, verdant, manufacture。英语外来 词主要来自法语，即11世纪日耳曼人征服英 国时所操的法语词汇；其次是拉丁词和希腊 词，即文艺复兴时期英国学者作家为了表达 新的思想而借用的拉丁词和希腊词。盎格鲁 撒克逊词最为短小朴实，构成日常非正式交 谈和一般写作的主要成分。法语词文雅华丽， 大都用于较为正式的语体语言；拉丁词和希 腊词抽象冷僻，主要用于学术、政论等极为 正式的场合。
“他整日在房间里，”房东太太在楼下说。 “我估计他感到不适。我对他说：‘安德森 先生，你理应出去散步，这样的大好秋光是 很宜于散步的，可他就是不想出去。”
Some public officials make nice to politicians they cannot stand because they need their good will.
有些当官的对那些他们吃不消的政客不得 不哄着、拍着，因为这些人得罪不得。
Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in judgment and disposition of business.(Bacon)
原文出自美国犹太作家辛格的短篇小说 《傻瓜吉姆佩尔》。小说的主人公吉姆佩尔 是个近乎文盲的孤儿，上述引文即出自吉姆 佩尔之口。
鄙人意欲远走他乡。然而，此时人人皆忙 于为在下做媒，在下所到之处，红娘紧随其 后，形影不离，几乎将在下之燕尾扯下。他 们滔滔不绝，口若悬河，致使在下双耳嗡鸣。 此女即非大家闺秀，亦非小家碧玉，本无贞 操可言。然而，他们却称此女乃圣洁之贞女 也。
读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。其 怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博采业， 最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处 世判事之际。
求知可以作为消遣，可以作为装饰，也可 以增长才干。当你孤独寂寞时，阅读可以消 遣。当你高谈阔论时，知识可供装饰。当你 处世行事时，正确运用知识意味着力量。
“there was a rare-to-do all over the town when they found out the Driffields had shot the moon. It made me laugh. Lord George say’e never knew they was broke, and’e makes out’e was as surprised as anybody.”（说话 人是一个女佣人，平时讲话总是快言快语， 吐字不清，本身受教育程度也不高）
语言风格的传译
语言除传递某种意义外，还具有一定的风 格特征，或简或繁，或雅或俗，或庄或谐， 或平铺直叙，或委婉曲折。因风格不同，给 读者带来的感受就不同。
翻译追求译文读者与原文读者有相同或相 似的感受，所以译者应以庄译庄，以谐译谐， 应在译文中再现原文的语言风格。
译者在翻译前需对英文原文的语言风格进 行解码。一般说来，译者可以从词汇、句法 和修辞手法三个层面来分析英文原文语言使 用上的特征。
Leabharlann Baidu
“I wanted to go off to another town, but then everyone got busy matchmaking and they were after me so they nearly tore my coat tail off. They talked at me and talked until I got water on the ear. She was no chaste maiden, but they told me she was a virgin pure.”
哈里逊是我的旧友，侨居地中海多年，近返
英国。他早已梦想在英国本土退休，迁往乡
间定居。归国伊始，便买下一栋清雅的别墅。
可是刚一住下，就抱怨起英国的天气来；原
来虽说当时炎暑未尽，但阴雨连绵，寒冷彻
骨。
“he has been in his room all day,” the landlady said downstairs. “I guess he don’t feel well. I said to him ‘Mr Anderson, you ought to go out and take a walk on nice fall like this,’ but he didn’t feel like it.”
My old friend Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down to the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer it rained continuously and it was often bitterly cold.
一，词汇标记：
英语词汇有两个主要来源：一是英语本族
词汇，即古英语盎格鲁撒克逊词,如house, red, fire, green, make, talk等；一是外 来词，如residence, conflagration, scarlet, verdant, manufacture。英语外来 词主要来自法语，即11世纪日耳曼人征服英 国时所操的法语词汇；其次是拉丁词和希腊 词，即文艺复兴时期英国学者作家为了表达 新的思想而借用的拉丁词和希腊词。盎格鲁 撒克逊词最为短小朴实，构成日常非正式交 谈和一般写作的主要成分。法语词文雅华丽， 大都用于较为正式的语体语言；拉丁词和希 腊词抽象冷僻，主要用于学术、政论等极为 正式的场合。
“他整日在房间里，”房东太太在楼下说。 “我估计他感到不适。我对他说：‘安德森 先生，你理应出去散步，这样的大好秋光是 很宜于散步的，可他就是不想出去。”
Some public officials make nice to politicians they cannot stand because they need their good will.
有些当官的对那些他们吃不消的政客不得 不哄着、拍着，因为这些人得罪不得。
Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in judgment and disposition of business.(Bacon)
原文出自美国犹太作家辛格的短篇小说 《傻瓜吉姆佩尔》。小说的主人公吉姆佩尔 是个近乎文盲的孤儿，上述引文即出自吉姆 佩尔之口。
鄙人意欲远走他乡。然而，此时人人皆忙 于为在下做媒，在下所到之处，红娘紧随其 后，形影不离，几乎将在下之燕尾扯下。他 们滔滔不绝，口若悬河，致使在下双耳嗡鸣。 此女即非大家闺秀，亦非小家碧玉，本无贞 操可言。然而，他们却称此女乃圣洁之贞女 也。
读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。其 怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博采业， 最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处 世判事之际。
求知可以作为消遣，可以作为装饰，也可 以增长才干。当你孤独寂寞时，阅读可以消 遣。当你高谈阔论时，知识可供装饰。当你 处世行事时，正确运用知识意味着力量。
“there was a rare-to-do all over the town when they found out the Driffields had shot the moon. It made me laugh. Lord George say’e never knew they was broke, and’e makes out’e was as surprised as anybody.”（说话 人是一个女佣人，平时讲话总是快言快语， 吐字不清，本身受教育程度也不高）