大学英语写作中反映出的文化差异
描写中美文化差异的大学英语作文
描写中美文化差异的大学英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Cultural Differences between China and the United StatesCulture plays a significant role in shaping societies and individuals. The differences in culture between China and the United States are vast and profound, leading to diverse ways of thinking, behaving, and social norms. Understanding these differences is crucial for effective communication and cooperation between people from the two countries. In this essay, I will explore some of the major cultural differences between China and the United States.One of the most noticeable differences between China and the United States is the concept of individualism versus collectivism. In the United States, individualism is highly valued, and people are encouraged to be independent and self-reliant. On the other hand, in China, collectivism is emphasized, and family, community, and society play a significant role in shaping an individual's identity. This difference can be seen in variousaspects of life, such as decision-making, relationships, and social behavior.Another cultural difference between China and the United States is the perception of time. In the United States, time is seen as a valuable resource, and punctuality is highly valued. People are expected to arrive on time for appointments, meetings, and events. In contrast, in China, time is viewed more flexibly, and meetings and events may start later than scheduled. This difference in perception of time can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts between people from the two countries.Communication styles also vary between China and the United States. In China, communication is often indirect, and people may use subtle hints or gestures to convey their messages. In the United States, communication is more direct, and people are encouraged to speak their minds openly and clearly. This difference in communication styles can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts in intercultural interactions.Furthermore, attitudes towards authority and hierarchy differ between China and the United States. In China, respect for authority and hierarchy is deeply ingrained in the culture, and people are expected to defer to those in positions of power. In the United States, a more egalitarian approach is taken, andpeople are encouraged to question authority and challenge the status quo. This difference in attitudes towards authority can impact interpersonal relationships and decision-making processes.In conclusion, the cultural differences between China and the United States are vast and complex, influencing various aspects of life, including values, beliefs, behaviors, and social norms. Understanding and appreciating these differences is essential for effective communication, cooperation, and mutual understanding between people from the two countries. By recognizing and respecting each other's cultural differences, people can build stronger relationships and create a more inclusive and harmonious global community.篇2Cultural Differences between China and AmericaIntroductionCultural differences exist between countries across the globe. The globalization of the world has facilitated the exchange of different cultures, allowing people from different parts of the world to interact with one another. China and America are twocountries that have stark cultural differences in various aspects of life including communication, social norms, customs, and values. Understanding these differences is crucial in promoting better intercultural relations and building stronger diplomatic ties. This essay will delve into the cultural differences between China and America, focusing on key aspects that shape societal norms and behaviors in both countries.Communication StyleOne of the most significant differences between Chinese and American cultures is in their communication styles. In China, people tend to be more indirect in their communication, preferring to use non-verbal cues and gestures to convey their messages. Chinese people also place a high value on maintaining “face”, which means avoiding confrontation and conflicts in conversations. On the other hand, Americans are known for their direct communication style, where they value honesty and clarity in expressing their opinions. In American culture, it is common for people to speak their minds and be straightforward in their interactions, even if it means being confrontational.Social Norms and CustomsSocial norms and customs play a crucial role in shaping the behavior of individuals in society. In China, social harmony and collectivism are highly valued, leading to a strong emphasis on maintaining group consensus and avoiding individualistic behaviors that may disrupt the societal order. For example, it is common for Chinese people to prioritize the needs of the group over their personal desires, leading to a more harmonious and cooperative society. In contrast, America places a high value on individualism and personal freedom, encouraging people to express their uniqueness and pursue their own goals and aspirations.Values and BeliefsValues and beliefs are deeply ingrained in the cultural fabric of a society and influence the way people think, behave, and interact with others. In Chinese culture, Confucian values such as filial piety, respect for authority, and harmony are highly esteemed, guiding people in their moral conduct and social interactions. Family is seen as the cornerstone of Chinese society, with strong intergenerational ties and obligations towards one’s elders. In American culture, values such as freedom,equality, and self-reliance are cherished, promoting individual rights and opportunities for personal growth and success.ConclusionIn conclusion, the cultural differences between China and America reflect the unique histories, traditions, and values that have shaped each society. By understanding and appreciating these differences, people from both countries can promote mutual respect, tolerance, and cooperation in their interactions. Developing intercultural competence is essential in fostering better cross-cultural communication and building bridges between nations. Let us embrace diversity and celebrate the richness of cultures that make our world a vibrant and dynamic place.篇3Cultural Differences Between China and AmericaIntroductionThe cultural differences between China and America are vast and complex, stemming from centuries of history, traditions, and social norms that have shaped each country's unique identity. These differences can be observed in various aspects of daily life,from communication styles and social interactions to food preferences and values. In this essay, I will explore some of the key cultural differences between China and America and discuss how these differences impact cross-cultural interactions.Communication StylesOne of the most noticeable differences between Chinese and American culture is in communication styles. In China, indirect communication is valued, with people often using subtle cues and nonverbal gestures to convey their thoughts and feelings. In contrast, Americans tend to favor direct communication, speaking their minds openly and directly. This can lead to misunderstandings between the two cultures, as Chinese people may find American communication styles overly blunt and confrontational, while Americans may perceive Chinese communication as vague or ambiguous.Social InteractionsIn China, social relationships are highly valued, with an emphasis on harmony and preserving face. Respect for elders and authority figures is paramount, and people are expected to adhere to strict social hierarchies. In America, individualism and personal freedom are prized, with an emphasis onself-expression and equality. This can lead to differences in socialinteractions, as Chinese people may find American society overly individualistic and lacking in social cohesion, while Americans may view Chinese society as overly hierarchical and repressive.Food PreferencesFood is another important aspect of culture, and the differences between Chinese and American cuisine reflect their respective cultural values. Chinese cuisine is diverse andflavor-packed, with a focus on fresh ingredients and bold flavors. In contrast, American cuisine tends to be more standardized and processed, with a focus on convenience and comfort. This can lead to misunderstandings between the two cultures, as Chinese people may find American food bland and unappetizing, while Americans may find Chinese cuisine too exotic and unfamiliar.Values and BeliefsValues and beliefs are core components of culture, shaping how people perceive the world and interact with others. In China, Confucian values such as filial piety, respect for authority, and harmony are central to society. In America, values such as freedom, democracy, and individualism are celebrated. This can lead to differences in attitudes and behaviors, as Chinese people may prioritize family and community ties over personal success,while Americans may prioritize personal fulfillment and achievement over social relationships.Impact on Cross-Cultural InteractionsUnderstanding and navigating cultural differences is essential for successful cross-cultural interactions. By recognizing the cultural values and norms that shape Chinese and American society, individuals can avoid misunderstandings and conflicts, and build stronger relationships with people from different backgrounds. Cross-cultural communication skills such as empathy, patience, and open-mindedness are key to bridging the gap between China and America, and fostering mutual understanding and respect.ConclusionIn conclusion, the cultural differences between China and America are vast and complex, impacting various aspects of daily life. By recognizing and respecting these differences, individuals can navigate cross-cultural interactions more effectively, and build stronger relationships with people from different backgrounds. Embracing diversity and cultural exchange is key to fostering mutual understanding and cooperation between China and America, and creating a more connected and inclusive global community.。
四级英语作文模板文化差异
四级英语作文模板文化差异Title: Cultural Differences。
In today's globalized world, cultural differences play a significant role in shaping our interactions with others. As we interact with people from different cultural backgrounds, we often encounter differences in language, customs, traditions, and social norms. These differences can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts if not understood and respected. In this essay, we will explore the impact of cultural differences on our interactions and ways to bridge the gap between different cultures.Firstly, language barriers are one of the most common challenges when dealing with cultural differences.Different languages have their own unique structures, expressions, and idioms, which can be difficult to understand for non-native speakers. This can lead to miscommunication and misunderstandings, as people may interpret words and phrases differently based on theircultural context. Moreover, language is deeply intertwined with culture, and certain words or phrases may carry different connotations or meanings in different cultures. For example, the concept of "time" may be perceived differently in Western cultures, where punctuality ishighly valued, compared to some Eastern cultures, where a more relaxed attitude towards time is common. Therefore, it is important to be mindful of these differences and to communicate clearly and respectfully when interacting with people from different cultural backgrounds.In addition to language, customs and traditions also vary widely across different cultures. For example, the way people greet each other, celebrate holidays, or conduct business can differ significantly from one culture to another. These differences can lead to misunderstandings and discomfort if not approached with an open mind and willingness to learn. For instance, in some cultures, it is customary to remove one's shoes before entering a home, while in others, it may be considered rude to do so. Understanding and respecting these customs and traditionsis crucial in building positive and harmoniousrelationships with people from different cultural backgrounds.Furthermore, social norms and values differ across cultures, and these differences can influence our behavior and interactions with others. For example, the concept of personal space varies across cultures, with some cultures valuing a greater distance between individuals during conversations, while others may feel comfortable with closer proximity. Moreover, attitudes towards gender roles, family structure, and social hierarchy can also vary significantly from one culture to another. These differences can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts if not acknowledged and respected. Therefore, it is important to approach interactions with an open mind and awillingness to learn about and understand the cultural norms and values of others.Despite the challenges posed by cultural differences, there are ways to bridge the gap and foster understanding and respect across cultures. One approach is to engage in cross-cultural education and awareness, where individualscan learn about different cultures, traditions, and customs. This can help to dispel stereotypes and misconceptions and promote empathy and understanding. Additionally, building relationships with people from different cultural backgrounds can provide valuable insights and perspectives, and help to break down barriers and stereotypes. By engaging in open and respectful dialogue, we can learn from each other and appreciate the richness and diversity of our world.In conclusion, cultural differences play a significant role in shaping our interactions with others. Language barriers, customs and traditions, and social norms can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts if not understood and respected. However, by approaching interactions with anopen mind, willingness to learn, and respect for different cultures, we can bridge the gap and foster understandingand harmony across cultures. Embracing cultural differences can enrich our lives and broaden our perspectives, leadingto a more inclusive and interconnected global community.。
文化差异类作文模板英语
文化差异类作文模板英语Title: Cultural Differences。
Cultural differences are a fascinating and complex aspect of human society. They encompass a wide range of beliefs, customs, traditions, and behaviors that vary from one group to another. Understanding and appreciating these differences is essential for fostering mutual respect and harmony among people from different backgrounds.One of the most prominent cultural differences is language. Each culture has its own unique language or dialect, which shapes the way its members communicate and express themselves. Language not only serves as a means of communication but also reflects the values and worldview of a particular culture. For example, the Japanese language has different levels of formality to show respect, while in English, the use of titles and formal language may not be as prevalent. These linguistic nuances can lead to misunderstandings and misinterpretations, highlighting the importance of cross-cultural communication and language learning.Another significant cultural difference is the concept of time. In some cultures, punctuality is highly valued, and being late is considered disrespectful. In contrast, other cultures have a more relaxed attitude towards time and may not adhere to strict schedules. This can lead to misunderstandings and frustration when people from different cultural backgrounds work or socialize together. Understanding and respecting each other's time orientation is crucial for effective collaboration and relationship-building.Cultural differences also manifest in social customs and etiquette. For example, greetings vary widely across cultures, with some cultures placing a strong emphasis on formal greetings and gestures of respect, while others may have more informal or casual greeting customs. Additionally, dining etiquette, gift-giving practices, and body language can differ significantly from one culture to another. Being aware of these differences and adapting one's behavior accordingly is essential when interacting with people from diverse cultural backgrounds.Religious beliefs and practices are another major source of cultural differences. Different cultures have their own religious traditions, rituals, and ceremonies that play a significant role in shaping their values and behaviors. Understanding and respecting these religious differences is crucial for promoting tolerance and inclusivity in a multicultural society.Moreover, cultural differences can also be observed in gender roles and family dynamics. In some cultures, traditional gender roles are deeply ingrained, with distinct expectations and responsibilities for men and women. In contrast, other cultures may have more fluid or egalitarian views on gender roles. Similarly, family structures and dynamics can vary widely, influencing the way individuals interact with their family members and the broader community.Cultural differences also extend to attitudes towards authority, individualism versus collectivism, and the perception of personal space. These differences can influence how people interact in social and professional settings, as well as their values and priorities in life.It is important to recognize that cultural differences are not inherently good or bad; they simply reflect the diversity of human experience. By understanding and appreciating these differences, individuals can cultivate empathy, respect, and open-mindedness towards others. This, in turn, can lead to more harmonious relationships and effective collaboration in an increasingly globalized world.In conclusion, cultural differences encompass a wide range of beliefs, customs, traditions, and behaviors that vary from one group to another. Understanding and appreciating these differences is essential for fostering mutual respect and harmony among people from different backgrounds. By acknowledging and embracing cultural diversity, individuals can contribute to a more inclusive and interconnected global community.。
描写中美文化差异的大学英语作文
中美文化差异：一幅丰富多彩的画卷In the vast canvas of global culture, the differences between Chinese and American cultures stand out as particularly intriguing and colorful. Each culture, shaped by its unique history, traditions, and values, presents a distinctive landscape that reflects the depth and breadthof human experience. As a college student, I find the study of these differences not only enriching but also crucialfor effective cross-cultural communication.**Language and Communication**The Chinese language, with its complex characters and tonal variations, is a testament to the rich history and philosophy of the Chinese people. Conversations ofteninvolve indirect references and implied meanings, requiring a high degree of empathy and understanding. In contrast,the English language, with its straightforward syntax and vocabulary, tends to favor direct and literal communication. This difference often leads to misunderstandings and misinterpretations in cross-cultural settings.**Social Norms and Behavior**Social norms in China强调 collective harmony andrespect for authority. Group interests often outweigh individual preferences, and social hierarchy is highly valued. In contrast, American culture promotesindividualism and freedom, encouraging individuals to speak their minds and pursue their dreams. This difference is reflected in various social settings, from dining customsto greetings and greetings.**Education and Values**Education in China is highly valued and often focusedon academic achievements and test scores. The Confucian value of respect for elders and authorities shapes the educational system, where discipline and obedience are强调. In contrast, American education emphasizes creativity, critical thinking, and hands-on experience. The value of independence and self-expression is强调,鼓励students to question and explore beyond the confines of traditional knowledge.**Festivals and Traditions**Chinese culture is rich in traditional festivals and customs, such as the Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival,and Dragon Boat Festival. These festivals are marked with family gatherings, feasting, and the exchange of gifts, reflecting the importance of family and community. In contrast, American culture has its own set of holidays and traditions, such as Christmas, Thanksgiving, and Halloween. These holidays often involve family reunions and community celebrations, but also emphasize individual expression and fun.**Conclusion**The differences between Chinese and American cultures are vast and diverse, reflecting the unique histories and values of each society. As a college student, it is crucial to understand and appreciate these differences tofacilitate effective cross-cultural communication. By embracing the beauty and richness of both cultures, we can create a more inclusive and understanding world.**中美文化差异：一幅丰富多彩的画卷（中文版）** 在全球文化的大画卷中，中美文化差异尤为引人注目且色彩缤纷。
三种文化差异的英文作文
三种文化差异的英文作文英文：As someone who has lived in different countries and experienced different cultures, I have come to understand that there are three main cultural differences that can cause misunderstandings and conflicts. These are communication style, attitudes towards time, and social norms.Communication style is perhaps the most obvious difference. In some cultures, people are very direct and explicit in their communication, while in others, people use more indirect language and rely on nonverbal cues. For example, in the United States, people tend to be verydirect in their communication, while in Japan, people often use more indirect language and rely on context and nonverbal cues to convey their meaning.Attitudes towards time are another cultural differencethat can cause misunderstandings. In some cultures, people are very punctual and value efficiency and productivity, while in others, people are more relaxed and prioritize relationships over schedules. For example, in Germany, people are known for being very punctual and efficient, while in Brazil, people tend to be more laid-back and prioritize socializing and building relationships overstrict adherence to schedules.Social norms are also a major cultural difference that can cause misunderstandings. In some cultures, certain behaviors are considered taboo or inappropriate, while in others, they are perfectly acceptable. For example, in many Western cultures, it is considered rude to talk with your mouth full, while in some Asian cultures, it is not considered impolite.中文：作为一个在不同国家生活过、体验过不同文化的人，我发现有三个主要的文化差异可能会导致误解和冲突。
大学英语写作中的文化差异
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关于中西方文化差异的英语作文_高考满分英语作文4篇
关于中西方文化差异的英语作文_高考满分英语作文4篇关于”中西方文化差异“的英语作文模板4篇，作文题目：Cultural differences between China and the West。
以下是关于中西方文化差异的高考英语模板，每篇作文均为满分模板带翻译。
高分英语作文1：Cultural differences between China and the WestWestern students enjoy a seemingly relaxed educational experience, but Asian students are not. They face heavy workload and are often very self disciplined in the first stage of globalization. China's standardized examination has a long history.The ancient imperial examination began in the Sui Dynasty. Shanghai foreign language school is one of the best middle schools in Shanghai. Her English is nearly fluent.She is studying German, and her physics scores are among the best. Her goal is to receive a full scholarship from Harvard University to study biochemistry. It's not just Western expatriates who hear about British students like shellyth, politicians, parents and pundits worried that the diligence and discipline of Eastern children has left the relatively relaxed Westerners behind.中文翻译：西方学生享受着看似轻松的教育体验，但亚洲的学生却并非如此，他们面临着繁重的工作量，而且在全球化的第一阶段往往非常自律。
描写中美文化差异的大学英语作文
描写中美文化差异的大学英语作文English:One major cultural difference between China and the United States is the concept of individualism versus collectivism. In the US, individualism is highly valued, with emphasis placed on personal achievement and independence. People are encouraged to express their opinions and pursue their own goals. On the other hand, in China, collectivism is prominent, with a strong emphasis on family and community. Harmony and conformity are valued, and individuals are expected to prioritize the needs of the group over their own desires. This fundamental difference in cultural values can be seen in various aspects of life, including social interactions, decision-making processes, and attitudes towards authority.Chinese:中国和美国之间的一个主要文化差异是个人主义与集体主义的概念。
在美国，个人主义受到高度重视，强调个人成就和独立性。
人们被鼓励表达自己的观点并追求自己的目标。
大学英语作文文化差异
大学英语作文文化差异Cultural Differences in University English。
In today's globalized world, it is becomingincreasingly important for people to understand and appreciate cultural differences. This is particularly true in the context of university education, where students from different cultural backgrounds come together to study and learn. In this essay, I will explore the cultural differences in university English and how they can impact students' learning experiences.One of the most noticeable cultural differences in university English is the way in which students communicate and interact with their professors and peers. In some cultures, students are expected to be passive and deferential towards their teachers, while in others, they are encouraged to be more assertive and independent. This can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts in the classroom, as students from different cultural backgroundsmay have different expectations about how they should behave and communicate.Another cultural difference in university English is the way in which students approach their studies. In some cultures, students are expected to memorize information and reproduce it on exams, while in others, they are encouraged to think critically and analytically. This can lead to differences in learning styles and academic performance, as students from different cultural backgrounds may have different approaches to studying and learning.Furthermore, cultural differences in university English can also manifest in the way in which students express themselves in writing. In some cultures, students are encouraged to be concise and to the point, while in others, they are expected to be more elaborate and descriptive. This can lead to differences in writing styles and the way in which students structure their arguments and ideas.In order to address these cultural differences in university English, it is important for educators to beaware of the diverse cultural backgrounds of their students and to create an inclusive and supportive learning environment. This can be achieved through the implementation of culturally responsive teaching practices, which take into account the different learning styles and communication preferences of students from diverse cultural backgrounds.Additionally, universities can also provide support services and resources for international students, such as language assistance programs and cultural orientation workshops, to help them adapt to the new academic andsocial environment. By doing so, universities can create a more inclusive and welcoming environment for all students, regardless of their cultural background.In conclusion, cultural differences in university English can have a significant impact on students' learning experiences. By being aware of these differences and implementing culturally responsive teaching practices, educators and universities can create a more inclusive and supportive learning environment for all students. This willnot only benefit students from diverse cultural backgrounds, but also contribute to the overall enrichment of the university community.。
大学英语教学与中西文化差异论文(全文)
大学英语教学与中西文化差异论文美国语言学家Spir对于语言与文化的关系有过如此论述：“每一种语言都有属于自身的特别文化环境，语言无法脱离文化而存在。
”在《跨文化交际学概论》中，胡文仲也指出：“仅仅注意形式而不了解语言的内涵和文化环境是很难真正学好外语的。
”作为客观世界的反映，语言从某种程度上说是文化的载体之一，文化为语言提供了更好的滋养环境和进展土壤。
确切说来，语言与文化之间的关系隶属于部分与整体，从这点看我们要学好一门语言，就必须对其文化知识进行深入了解。
文化作为人类社会物质与精神财富的综合，不同的社会和GJ文化积存也不相同，这就是中西文化差异。
毋庸置疑，对于大学英语教学来说，了解中西文化差异至关重要。
因此，在探讨中西文化差异学习必要性及如何在大学英语教学中融入中西文化差异知识的策略前，我们首先应对中西文化差异现象有一定了解。
一、不同文化之间差异的主要体现不同GJ的人生活在不同的背景之中，不管在地域特征、风俗习惯、思维方式还是价值观等方面都存在很大差异，这种差异从本质上来说就是文化的差异。
（一）地域特征不同产生的中西文化差异中西文化差异的产生与地域有关，特定的地域环境是文化形成的温床，不同地域环境下人们对同一事物或现象所采取的语言表达形式也会有所不同。
即便面对同一词语，身处不同文化背景的人也往往会对其有不同的语义联想。
比如summer’sdy，对ZG学生来说，这个季节是燥热难耐的，而对于英国人来说，夏季则是一年中最为舒适的季节，因此在看到这个词组时，英国学生会自动带入美好，而ZG学生则可能理解为厌恶，这种迥然便是地域特征不同而产生的中西文化差异的结果。
如不了解这一中西文化差异则很难正确理解词语所要表达的真正含义。
（二）风俗习惯不同产生的中西文化差异风俗习惯主要指生活方式，是人类社会在长期进展的过程中逐渐形成的，文化背景不同的人往往风俗习惯也会有所不同。
以美食文化为例，我国由于自古重视美食文化，因此不同的烹饪方法都会精准且对应的词汇专门表述，如“煎”、“炸”、“炒”等词汇。
文化差异怎么写英文作文
文化差异怎么写英文作文英文：Culture differences are something that we encounter every day, whether it's through interactions with people from different backgrounds or through exposure to different customs and traditions. These differences can be both fascinating and challenging, and they often shape the way we view the world and interact with others.One of the most significant culture differences I have encountered is the concept of time. In Western culture, time is often seen as something to be managed and utilized efficiently. Punctuality is highly valued, and being late for appointments or meetings is considered disrespectful. On the other hand, in some Eastern cultures, time is viewed more fluidly, and being a few minutes late is not a big deal. This has led to some misunderstandings and frustrations in my interactions with people from different cultural backgrounds.Another culture difference that I have noticed is the approach to communication. In some cultures, direct and assertive communication is valued, while in others,indirect and subtle communication is preferred. For example, in Western culture, it is common to express opinions and feedback openly and directly, while in some Asian cultures, it is more common to communicate indirectly to avoidcausing embarrassment or conflict. This has led to some misunderstandings and conflicts in my personal and professional relationships.Despite these challenges, I have come to appreciate and value the richness that culture differences bring to our lives. They provide us with the opportunity to learn from one another, broaden our perspectives, and become moreopen-minded individuals. By embracing and understanding culture differences, we can build stronger and moreinclusive communities.中文：文化差异是我们每天都会遇到的事情，无论是通过与不同背景的人交往，还是通过接触不同的习俗和传统。
东西方文化差异 Cultural Differences between the East and the West(大学英语作文)
东西方文化差异Cultural Differencesbetween the East and the West大学英语作文Culture,according to the definition given by Hofstede, is the collective mentalprogramming of the people in an environment, conditioned by the same educationand life experience. Therefore, there are differences between various nationsor regions, because people are affected by education, society and workexperience. T ake the cultural difference between the East and the West as theexample, China is a country that endures high power distance while America endureslower power distance. Therefore, status symbol is very important for Chineseand a superior having the privilege is a matter of course. But people in Americathink that they are all equal. Besides, the westerns are individualistic whilethe easterners are more collectivistic. In individualistic societies, peoplefocus on their own values and needs, relying on individual efforts to servetheir interests. In the collectivistic nations, people combine themselves intoone or severalcommunities, finding their own place in the group and they mentallyrely on the community, so harmony seems important in those nations. There are threemain differences between the East and the West, namely uncertainty avoidanceindex, masculine versus femininity and long vs. short term orientation.根据霍夫斯泰德对文化所下的定义，文化是在同一个环境中的人们所具有的“共同的心理程序”，是由相同的教育背景和生活经历所决定的。
文化差异英文作文大学生
文化差异英文作文大学生英文：Culture differences are a common topic among college students, especially for those who study abroad. I remember when I first arrived in the United States for my college education, I encountered many cultural differences that I had to adapt to. For example, in my home country, it is considered rude to eat in public while walking, but in the United States, it is a common sight to see people eating on the go. This was something I had to get used to, as Ididn't want to offend anyone with my behavior. Another cultural difference I noticed was the way people greet each other. In my home country, a handshake is the most common form of greeting, but in the United States, people often hug or give a friendly pat on the back. This was something I had to adjust to as well, as I didn't want to come across as unfriendly or distant.中文：文化差异是大学生常谈论的话题，尤其是那些在国外学习的学生。
正确对待大学英语习语教学中出现的文化差异
正确对待大学英语习语教学中出现的文化差异【摘要】英语发展历史悠久，包含着大量的习语，它们或含蓄、幽默，或严肃、典雅，不仅言简意赅，而且形象生动，体现了民族的文化特征。
习语中的文化因素一直是大学生学习的难点，正确对待大学英语习语教学中出现的文化差异，鼓励学生学好习语可以提高他们的兴趣，收到事半功倍的效果。
【关键词】英语习语文化差异大学英语教学【中图分类号】h31 【文献标识码】a 【文章编号】2095-3089（2013）05-0095-01习语是语言王冠上的一颗明珠，是各民族语言的精髓，更是民族文化特征的表现。
英汉两种语言在其悠久的发展历史中分别产生了大量的习语，在日常生活中，由于习语具有丰富的表现力和鲜明的形象，它的使用十分频繁，随处可见，但大多数情况下，习语不能仅从字面意义上进行解释。
由于中西方存在着文化差异，当拥有不同文化背景的人进行交流时，他们之间的思维方式、行为模式、风俗习惯等差异常会通过语言反映出来，从而影响顺畅的沟通和交流，习语正是其中最容易引起误解的因素之一。
在大学英语教学过程中，词汇教学是重要一环，中国学生通常认为习语是其中最复杂，最容易引起误解的部分。
究其原因在于习语的文化信息负载量大，常有“言外之意”，由于语言符号的“二重性”特征，习语更具有与一般词汇不同的特点，这给习语学习带来一定的困难，更不容易运用得当。
此外，母语文化的干扰也是中国学生理解习语的障碍之一。
由于文化具有鲜明的民族性，不同的文化之间会呈现出不同的形态，这种文化形态的差异反映到语言方面，则表现为语言差异。
中国学生在学习英语习语过程中往往受本国文化干扰，忽视中外文化背景、习俗的不同，以母语文化的风俗习惯、价值观来应对西方文化，自然会造成用语失误，从而导致理解上的误区，形成交际上的障碍。
习语承载着丰厚的文化内涵，与文化紧密相关。
具有悠久历史的汉、英两种语言分属不同的语系，中国人与英美人在社会、历史背景、风俗习惯、生活方式、思维模式等方面存在着很大的差异，这种文化差异也反映在两种语言中。
中国和加拿大的文化差异英语作文
中国和加拿大的文化差异英语作文全文共5篇示例，供读者参考中国和加拿大的文化差异英语作文1there are many difference between china and america such as in the field of geography ,culture, language ,politics ,economy and education with the development of science and technology .the word get even more smaller ,the communication between them is more frequent . our country, china absorbs the essence and doesn’t eliminate the bad thing . because a proverb ever since said when the fresh air come in ,the flies will also accompany it . at times we may not determine our countries’ geography and culture .but the system of politics economy , especially family education can be decided by the individuals . as the main bodyof the education is parents’ child . though each parent tries their best and strives to teach their children very well, there are still some problems in it .in order to tackle them, i’ll give some detailed analysis of the difference of family education between china and american.随着科学技术的发展，中美两国在地理、文化、语言、政治、经济、教育等方面存在着许多差异。
中西方文化差异大学英语作文结尾
中西方文化差异大学英语作文结尾Through I am a Chinese,I have some west country friends.They lived in China for many years,from their tone,I know that there are many cultural difference between West and China.Such as difference of dinner manners……In west countries,when people are having dinner,if one of them want to go to a WC.He or she shoud say”Excuse me,I want to go to the toilets…”Only in such a way can others think you are of good manners.And in the bathroom,you can relieve the bowels,wash you faces,refine the make-up,pick your teeth and so on.When you finished yourself,you can return to you set.A wonderful dinner can be continue.But in China,there are some different of it.When you want to have a bath,you shoud only say”I want to go to washroom”.That just means:I want to go out for a while.If you finished you dinner,you can also say:”I'm full”That means:I am full,help youselves.And then,you can go out to have a rest or walk.That just some of the difference of dinner manners in west and in China.When we face it in the future,don`t forget that!因为我是一个中国人，我有一些西方国家的朋友。
大学英语中的英汉文化差异
102018年33期总第421期高等教育研究ENGLISH ON CAMPUS大学英语中的英汉文化差异文/何小燕在大学英语的学习中，很多内容都体现出了英汉文化的差异，从本质上来说，英汉文化最主要的差别就是汉民族大陆文明和西方国家海洋文明的不同。
简单来说，中国的文明起源于大河流域，有十分优越的自然条件，所以可以形成较为稳定的农业经济，这也养成了汉民族一种质朴厚重、安土重迁、崇尚和平的内倾性的大陆文化。
但与之相反，西欧国家受困于恶劣的自然条件和匮乏的自然资源，所以只能长时间和自然环境作斗争，并且要通过海洋不断寻求向外的扩张才能够满足自身的需求，这也就养成了西欧各民族崇尚竞争、强调物质利益的外倾性的海洋文化。
因此，这种巨大的文化差异，也造成了两种语言文明的不同，所以要熟练地运用和学习英汉语言，就应该深入理解这两种文化差异的具体表现。
一、语言结构的差异要了解两种民族的文化差异，最直接的途径就是了解两个民族的语言结构差异，因为人的思维活动都需要借助语言来表达出来，所以说语言结构与其背后的文化背景是具有一致性的。
因此，在大学英语的学习中，学生可以透过语言结构的差异来直观地感受两种文化的不同。
例如，在汉语结构中，对语序要更加强调，而且在表达时偏重感悟和体验，同时，这种语言结构就如同感知世界的顺序，所以这就体现了汉民族在认识世界时的直观性。
如：《春秋·僖公十有六年》中的一句话：僖公十有六年春壬正月戊申朔，陨石于宋五。
这句话的表达顺序是“陨石于宋五”，而不是“五石陨于宋”，这表明这件事的顺序是先闻陨声，然后视之为石，最后察其数为五，所以这句话的顺序据此来表达的。
但英语的表达则更加注重逻辑性，如：I take heart from the fact that the enemy, which boasts that it can occupy the strategic point in a couple of hours,has not yet been able to take even the outlyingregions,because of the stiff resistance that gets in the way.这句话一开始就表明了主语，然后才开始讲述内容，在提到“敌人”时，也要先说明之前的状况，然后再介绍目前的情形，这表明英文的语言结构要重视主体，轻视客体，在表达时要先抒发己见，然后陈述事实。
大学英语写作中英汉语言风格的跨文化差异
《齐齐哈尔大学学报》(哲学社会科学版)2005年11月J o u r n a l o fQ i q i h a rU n i v e r s i t y(P h i &S o cS c i ) No v e r m b e r .2005 [收稿日期]2005-03-11大学英语写作中英汉语言风格的跨文化差异游春花(莆田学院外语系,福建莆田351100)[关键词]语言风格;差异;英语写作[摘 要]通过对比英汉语言风格的差异以及分析其在英语写作上的表现,以期充分发挥语言学习者在跨文化交际中正迁移的作用,帮助他们有效地排除文化思维模式差异引起语言风格的负迁移的干扰,使跨文化书面交际得以顺利进行。
[中图分类号]H 315 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1008-2638(2005)06-0117-03D i f f e r e n c e s b e t w e e nC h i n e s e a n dE n g l i s h l a n g u a g e s t y l e s i n c o l l e g eE n g l i s hw r i t i n g!#803*&(3*9(F o r e i g nL a n g u a g eD e p a r t m e n t ,P u t i a nU n i v e r s i t y,P u t i a n351100,C h i n a ) K e y wo r d s :l a n g u a g e s t y l e s ;d i f f e r e n c e ;E n g l i s hw r i t i n g A b s t r a c t :T h i s p a p e ra n a l y z e s t h ed i f f e r e n c e sb e t w e e nC h i n e s ea n dE n g l i s hl a n g u a g es t y l e s i nc o l l e g e E n g l i s hw r i t i n g .I t a i m s t o h e l p t h e l e a r n e r s t o g i v e f u l l p l a y t o t h e f u n c t i o n o f p o s i t i v e t r a n s f e r i n i n t e r c u l -t u r a l c o m m u n i c a t i o na n de l i m i n a t e t h e i n t e r f e r e n c e o f n e g a t i v e t r a n s f e r i n l a n g u a g e s t y l e s c a u s e db y d i f f e r -e n t t h i n k i n gp a t t e r n s i no r d e r t o s m o o t h t h ew a y fo r i n t e r c u l t u r a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n i nw r i t t e n f o r m. 一、引言随着国际间交往的日益频繁,人们使用英语书面语的机会也越来越多。
文化差异对大学生英语写作的影响
文化差异对大学生英语写作的影响英语写作是全面、综合地运用外语知识进行英语创作的一种技能。
写作是用语言表达思想的一种书面交际形式，它涉及听、说、读等其他语言技能的综合运用，写作能力的提高，势必能促使学生的听、说、读的全面发展。
写与听、说、读之间有着相辅相成、互相促进、密不可分的关系。
因此，无论在理论上还是在实践中，写作问题一直是语言教育者关注的焦点。
一、文化的含义文化是一个含义广泛的词汇。
一般来讲，文化是指一个社会所具有的独特的信仰、习惯、制度、目标和技术的总模式，是一个社会的整体生活方式。
语言是社会的产物，社会是文化的社会，语言必定反映社会：同时语言本身也是一种重要文化现象，是文化的载体并起到传播文化的作用。
古德诺夫在《文化人类学与语言学》中是这样论述两者关系的：一个社会的语言是该社会文化的一个方面，语言和文化是部分和整体的关系，语言作为文化的组成部分，其特殊性表现在：它是学习文化的主要工具，人在学习和运用语言的过程中获得整个文化，语言与文化密不可分。
因此，语言的学习必须与社会文化的学习结合起来。
二、文化与语言的关系语言和文化是互为影响，互为补充，互为依附的。
语言是文化的载体，又是文化的组成部分。
它是文化的一种表示形式，同时，它还是文化的产物。
语言的构造总是具有一定的文化内涵，语言的使用总要遵循一定的文化规约：语言的“体”和“用”都是一定文化特色的体现。
海姆斯提出的交际能力的四个重要参数——合语法性，适合性，得体性和实际操作性。
其中适合性和得体性的实质就是语言使用者的文化能力。
吕必松先生也认为人们的交际能力至少是语言内客、语言技能、交际技能和文化背景知识这四方面的因素构成的。
因此，了解民族文化的差异对英语教学不但具有实用价值．而且还有理论价值。
三、思维模式的差异对英语写作的影响不同文化反映在思维方式方面的不同会造成在交际行为、交际风格方面的差异，从而影响了文章的写作风格。
西方民族从古希腊开始就注意形式逻辑，形成了较强的抽象思维能力，力求从独立于自我的自然界中概括出某种纯粹形式的简单观点。
中西文化差异与大学英语写作
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英 语 教 学 研 究
主谓结构的语言。而汉语大多数句子是主题结构， 并非主谓结构，因此就没了主谓的逻辑、语义和语 法关系的限制。只要意思表达清楚了，逻辑主语有 没有就不是主要的了。也就是说，由于汉语注重主 题而不是主语，句法关系上作为施事的主语往往可 以省略。 （金积令，１９９６：３０４－３１８）由于受汉语的 主题结构的干扰，学生的英语写作会出现以下这样 的句子： ［３ａ］ Ｔｏ ｌｅａｒｎ Ｅｎｇｌｉｓｈ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｓｔｅｐ ｂｙ ｓｔｅｐ． （学习英语应当循序渐进。 ） ［４ａ］ Ｔｈｅ ｗｈｏｌｅ ｓｕｍｍｅｒ ｖａｃａｔｉｏｎ Ｉ ｓｐｅｎｔ ｉｔ ｏｎ ａ ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ． （整个暑假我都在做一个项目。 ） 这两个句子都是按汉语思维方式建立的，先提 出话题，然后对它进行评论。但英语一定要遵守主 谓结构的位置，以上的两个句子应改为： ［３ｂ］ Ｔｏ ｌｅａｒｎ Ｅｎｇｌｉｓｈ， ｏｎｅ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｇｏ ｓｔｅｐ ｂｙ ｓｔｅｐ． ［４ｂ］ Ｉ ｓｐｅｎｔ ｔｈｅ ｗｈｏｌｅ ｓｕｍｍｅｒ ｖａｃａｔｉｏｎ ｏｎ ａ ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ． 此外在中国学生的作文中， “ｔｈｅｒｅ ｂｅ”结构出 现的频率比来自其它国家的英语学习者高。其中不 乏错误使用，如： ［５］ Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｍａｎｙ ｎｅｗ ｐａｔｒｉｏｔｓ ｉｎ ｍｙ ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ ｇａｔｈｅｒｅｄ ｔｏｇｅｔｈｅｒ ａｎｄ ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄ ａ ｎｅｗ ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ． ［６］ Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｉｓ ａ ｍｏｔｔｏ ｓａｉｄ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅｒｅ ｉｓ ａ ｇｏｌｄｅｎ ｈｏｕｓｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｂｏｏｋ． 例［５］、 例［６］的错误产生于注重主题的语言对主 题的限制，即主题必须是确定或已知的，如主题不 确定或为非已知信息，在汉语中， “有”就被用来引 出主题，如“有谣言说我们的教授要走了” 。中国学 生在碰到类似情况时，就自然用英语的“有”—— “ｔｈｅｒｅ ｂｅ”来代替了。 （２ ）竹竿型结构与树型结构的问题 对汉语的句子进行分析，就会发现汉语的句式 结构犹如竹竿一节一节地下去，句子是一个短句一 个短句地展开。这是由于汉语造句主要采用意合 法。在表达思想时，它按动作发生的时间顺序或事 理逻辑顺序，逐步交代、层层铺开，分句之间以意 相连，一一道来，呈线性递进。而英语造句主要采 用形合法。正如陈安定（１９９８：１０５）所比喻的： “英 语句子好比一棵参天大树。 ”具体地说，它利用主谓 框架先树起主干，即主句，然后通过大量反映形式 关系的动词不定式、分词、介词、连词、关系代 （副） 词等把句子的其它各个成分往这根主干上钩搭，犹 如一棵枝叶横生的大树，旁支延伸、盘根错节。程 镇球（１ ９ ８ ０ ：１ ２ ５ ）在《翻译问题探索》中论及英 汉句式竹竿型和大树型的现象时也指出：汉语句子 结构以并列的为多，而英语中以主从结构较多。汉 语的竹竿型结构使得中国学生在用英语写作时，不 善于使用复合句，不善于构筑树型结构，而大量使 用简单句、并列句。同时在写作存在逻辑关系的各 句时，常常未能用一些过渡连接语（ｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎａｌ ｗ ｏ ｒ ｄ ｓ ）适当地把这些句子连接起来。下面的两个 句子［ ７ ａ ］ 、 ［ ８ ａ ］ 是中国学生在作文中出现的句子， ［７ｂ］、 ［８ｂ］是修改后的句子： ［７ａ］ Ｉ ｂｏｕｇｈｔ ａ ｂｏｏｋ ｙｅｓｔｅｒｄａｙ， ａｎｄ Ｉ ｇａｖｅ ｉｔ ｔｏ ｈｉｍ． ［７ｂ］ Ｉ ｇａｖｅ ｈｉｍ ｔｈｅ ｂｏｏｋ Ｉ ｈａｄ ｂｏｕｇｈｔ ｙｅｓｔｅｒｄａｙ． ［８ａ］ Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ ｉｓ ｍｕｃｈ ｎｅｅｄｅｄ ｎｏｗ． Ａｎｄ ｎｕｃｌｅａｒ ｐｌａｎｔｓ ａｒｅ ｃｌｅａｎ ａｎｄ ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃａｌ． Ｔｈｅｙ ｃａｎ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅ ｖａｓｔ ａｍｏｕｎｔｓ ｏｆ ｅｎｅｒｇｙ． Ｂｕｔ ｍａｎｙ ｐｅｏｐｌｅ ａｒｅ ｖｅｒｙ ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｅｄ ａｂｏｕｔ ｓａｆｅｔｙ． Ｔｈｅｙ ｈｏｌｄ ａ ｓｔｒｏｎｇ ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ ａｔｔｉｔｕｄｅ ｔｏｗａｒｄｓ ｔｈｅｍ． ［８ｂ］ Ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈ ｎｕｃｌｅａｒ ｐｌａｎｔｓ ａｒｅ ａ ｃｌｅａｎ ａｎｄ ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃａｌ ｗａｙ ｏｆ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇ ｖａｓｔ ａｍｏｕｎｔｓ ｏｆ ｍｕｃｈ－ｎｅｅｄｅｄ ｅｎｅｒｇｙ， ｍａｎｙ ｐｅｏｐｌｅ ｗｈｏ ａｒｅ ｖｅｒｙ ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｅｄ ａｂｏｕｔ ｓａｆｅｔｙ， ｈｏｌｄ ａ ｓｔｒｏｎｇ ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ ａｔｔｉｔｕｄｅ ｔｏｗａｒｄｓ ｔｈｅｍ． 修改后的两个句子克服了汉式的竹竿型结构， 转化成了典型的英式的树型结构。 ３．３ 语篇方面 由于受“天人合一”及“关系”取向的影响，中 国人的思维方式以直觉、具体和圆式为特征。他们 在写文章时也往往表现出把思想发散出去还要收拢 回来，落到原来的起点上，这就使其话语或语篇结 构呈圆式，或呈聚集式。他们写文章时习惯于绕弯 子，常常避开主题，从宽泛的空间和时间入手，从 整体到局部、由大到小、由远及近、从总体到一般 到个别。往往把诸如对别人的要求、自己的想法、对 别人的意见等主要内容或关键问题保留到最后或含 而不露，这是一种逐步达到高潮的方式。而西方人 则相反。西方人把自然看成是与人对立的一个外在 异己力量，强调人对自然的征服。这种对立思维使 西方人力主向外探求，把人类活动当作一个主动去 发现答案或解决问题的过程，以揭示自然之本质规 律为己任，从而养成了理性思考、逻辑思辩的习惯。 所以，他们的文章逻辑性极强，多先直截了当地表 明自己的看法，再层层深入、层层剖析，最后得出 一个强有力的结论。 （贾玉新，１ ９ ９ ７ ：３ ９ ０ － ３ ９ ６ ）
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2．语法
不同的民族文化既创造了不同的词汇意义，也形成了不同的语法体系。英汉民族思维上的不同造成了在同义表达上采取不同句法形式的现象。总的说，英语重形合、静态、物称、被动、复合；汉语则重意合、动态、人称、主动、简单。这些差异既存在于句子层面中，也出现在语篇的思路和结构上。（1）在表达“有人对我说……”这个概念时，按照英语“重物称”和“重被动”句式的特点，，应该译为“I was told that …”，实际上不少学生却译成“Somebody told methat…”，实际是受了汉语“重人称”和“重主动”这一句式特点的影响，因为在中国人眼里，施事者比受事者重要。（2）汉语中重要内容往往放在句首，而英语中重要信息通常置于句尾，如“Herecomes the bus.”（车来了），“There goes the bell.”（铃响了）。
二、语言习作中的文化教育
语言和文化是交织在一起的。语言教学中的文化并不是除了听、说、读、写技巧外可有可无的第五种技巧。文化因素始终存在于外语学习的背后，即使优秀的语言学习者的写作能力也可能因文化原因而受到限制，但是在实际教学中，文化内容却很难进入语言教学的课堂。
从培养写作技巧方面来讲，阅读是写作的基础，因此要注重学生足够量的语言材料的输入。读物的内容是在接受写作者以摹仿、借鉴的范本。另外，阅读实际是在接受写作文化的熏陶，读与写的关系实际是文化的群体规范和个体习得之间的关系。充分利用现在教材是为其提供范例的一个有效途径。《新英语教程》系列教材中的精读、泛读课文全都选自原文材料，题材广泛，涉及到西方社会中政治、历史、宗教、习俗等方面的内容。在许多课文中，语言和文化相互融合，构成一个有机整体，即可用来学习英语语言，又可作为介绍英美文化的素材使用。但好的教材也需要正确的途径，现在我们的外语阅读教学往往不注意将阅读与写作联系在一起，所以应克服把精力放在词汇的扩大、语法的学习上，只教句子不教篇章，只教语言形式不教文章所反映的文化。
现代语言学研究表明，口语超前于书面语，收受(receptive)能力超前于表达(productive)能力。写作既属于书面语又属于表达能力，是听、说、读、写四种语言技能中最难把握的一种技能。除了写作本身的难度，制约学生写好作文的因素单从本质上不外乎两个方面：一个是语言知识层面上的问题，如拼写、用词、语法错误等；二是文化错误。有这样一种误解，认为学习外语，只要掌握其发音、语法及词汇，就能用外语来交流思想，表达感情了。其实，上述要素只不过是语言学习的一部分，文化因素则是外语学习中至关重要的一环，这是因为学习语言的过程也是学习其语言文化的过程，并影响着语言。
（1）A: LiMing, you are wearing a nice skirt.
B:It is very common and cheap. (Thank you.)
（2）A:Have you been to the Summer Palace, haven’t you?
B: Yes, I haven’t. (No, I haven’t.)
（3）Conclusion.
而汉语以呈螺旋形式、间接的、推进发展的形式展开论述。其特征可用画龙点睛来概括，即把大量的笔墨用在铺垫、陈述上，最后才摆出观点。这种螺旋型的段落发展结构常常使外国人大惑不解，于是产生条理欠妥、逻辑混乱的印象。
4．语用方面的错误
由于受语言文化影响，中国学生在英语情景写作中常犯语用错误。科技论文。
例如，tiger in the way，这个短语语法无误，但是有文化错误。中国的英语老师一看便明白，学生要表达的是“拦路虎”的意思，可外籍老师看到这样的表达方式会很迷惑。在汉语里“虎”用来指兽中之王，喻指难以对付的事或情况，而在英语中却用“lion in the way”。又如，汉语中常用“雨后春笋”来形容事物的迅速发展和大量产生，而在英语中用“like mushroom”表达此意，这是由于英语不出产竹笋，bamboo是外来词；所以，I answered the teacher’s question with bamboo growing in my heart（胸有成竹），也犯了同样的错误。
大学英语写作中反映出的文化差异
时间：2011-04-22 11:45:30 毕业论文范文 作者：秩名
论文导读：在英语写作中学生常犯两类错误：语言错误文化错误。在实际语言交际中，比起语言错误，文化错误更不容忽视。
关键词：写作，文化差异，干扰，文化教育
一、英语写作中出现的问题
此外，英文报刊杂志也可作为学生课外辅导阅读材料，不仅可以给学生提供课外阅读的天地，增加语言积累，增强语感，还可以让学生接触到许多新词，学到一些新的表达方法。英语电视电影及有声读物也可作为学生学习语言的有效工具。
总之，要提高学生的写作水平，应把写作教学贯穿于词汇语法阅读教学之中，循序渐进，常抓不懈。
在实际英语教学中，我们发现学生所犯的文化错误有以下几个方面的原因。
1．本国文化的干扰
每种语言都是一种特定文化形态的负载体。人在学习母语时，语言能力和社会文化能力是同时习得的。学生往往容易把本国的民族文化内容套用到外语学习中，由于两种民族文化有诸多差异因素，因而套用的结果，往往造成文化错误，影响理解和表达的准确性。
3．语篇差异
英文文章段落的发展往往是先陈述段落中心思想，然后分点说明；或按细节的重要性来展开段落，即较次要的细节放在前面，重要的细节放在结尾处；或按时空顺序来展开，或者按一般——具体、具体——一般的顺序来进行。其特点可归纳为三个步骤：
（1）Brief introduction;
（2）Body:topic sentence — reasonsor explanation;
英语中用许多不同的形态变化、时态变化来表示复杂的关系，此外还有各类连接词语和从句，因而句子结构错综复杂。科技论文。科技论文。汉语无形态变化，只有靠单纯的语序和虚词来表示各种语法关系、动作的先后顺序与语序对称，这样便构成了一种线性横向排列式的结构。许多学生不能摆脱这种干扰，常常按照中文的表达习惯组织句子，因而在写作中常出现这样的错误句子：My choice to be a doctor has three reasons. He writes very wellcompositions. There are many people come from Europe.
参考文献：
【1】钱正福．试论大学英语中的文化特征【J】．苏州铁道师范学院学报，2002，（12）．
【2】龚晓斌．文化差异在汉英语言中的反映【J】．江南学院学报，2000，（9）．
【3】刘双．文化因素在词汇理解中的作用【J】．外语学报，1995，（4）．
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