自主学习词汇 (1)

1.

Section A Building Up Your Vocabulary and Grammar

1. The soil was washed away by the flood, exposing ________ rock.

A. empty

B. vacant

C. bare

D. naked

解析：该题为形容词辨析。Empty意思是“空的”；vacant指“空缺的”；bare是“光秃秃的，无遮蔽的”；而naked指“赤裸的”。该句话的意思是“泥土被洪水冲走，露出了光秃秃的岩石”，所以C. bare 为正确答案。

2.The police and social workers are conducting a ________

investigation into teenage crime in the area.

A. joint

B. mutual

C. harmonious

D. bilateral

解析：“joint”意思是“共同的，合作的”；“mutual”指的是“相互的，彼此的”；“harmonious”是“和谐的”；“bilateral”意思为“双边的”。该句话意思是“警方和社工就这一地区的青少年犯罪问题共同做了调查”。

3. Red meat, very high in fat and calories, is harmful to health if eaten to ________.

A. dosage

B. excess

C. extreme

D. surplus

解析：该题考查固定搭配。To excess意思是“过度，过分”。该句话意思是“红色肉类脂肪和热量都很高，过量食用对健康有害”，所以选择B. excess。

4. Don't ________ those who are sensitive or easy to get angry.

A. knock

B. fuss

C. mock

D. pluck

解析：该题是动词辨析。Knock意思是“敲，敲打”；fuss指“忙乱，小题大做”；mock是“嘲弄，嘲笑”；pluck为“拉，彻”。根据意思“不要嘲笑那些敏感或是容易生气的人”应选择C. mock。

5. She is a ________ offender and has been arrested five times this year for shoplifting.

A. consistent

B. persistent

C. constant

D. resistant

解析：该题为形容词辨析。Consistent指“一致的，坚持的”；persistent是“固执的，持续的”；constant是“经常的”；resistant 是“抵抗的”。该句话意思是“她是一个惯犯，今年已经因为入店行窃被捕五次了”。

6. The steps have been ________ away by the feet of the thousands of visitors.

A. cast

B. carried

C. worn

D. thrown

解析：解析：该题考查动词短语搭配。Wear away意思是“磨损，消磨”；cast away指“丢掉”；carry away是“运走，拿走”；throw away是“扔掉，丢弃”。所以选择C，意为“台阶被磨损”。

7. Many traditions have ________ to form modern American Christmas celebrations and folklore.

A. coordinated

B. unified

C. glued

D. mingled 【参考答案】：D

解析：该题为动词辨析。Coordinate是“协调，调整”；unify1“统一，使相同”；glue指“粘”；mingle是“融合，联合”。根据意

思“很多传统互相融合形成了现代美国庆祝圣诞节的风俗习惯”而选择D。

8. The problem of poverty is particularly ________ in rural areas.

A. accurate

B. acute

C. sophisticated

D. dim

解析：accurate 是“准确的”；acute是“严重的”；sophisticated 是“复杂的，世故的”；dim是“昏暗的”。所以选择B。句意为“贫困问题在农村尤其严重”。

9. Having bought the house, they couldn't afford to ________ it.

A. accomplish

B. equip

C. install

D. furnish 解析：该题为动词辨析。Accomplish是“完成，实现”；equip 是“装备”；install是“安装”；furnish是“布置，装备”。该句话为“买了房子后他们没钱布置了”，所以选择D。

10. When total taxes are ________ from personal income, the remainder is called disposable income.

A. distracted

B. detracted

C. contracted

D. subtracted

解析：该题为动词辨析。“distract”意思是“转移，分心”；“detract”是“贬低，使分心”；“contract”是“收缩；定约”；“subtract”是“减去，扣掉”。该句话的意思是“从个人收入中减去总税项后剩下的部分叫可支配收入”。所以D. subtracted 为正确答案。

11. The couple has ________ gone out since the baby was born.

A. slightly

B. instantly

C. scarcely

D. shortly

解析：该题为副词辨析。“slightly”是“轻微的”；“instantly”是“立即地”；“scarcely”是“几乎不”；“shortly”是“立刻”。该句话意思为“这对夫妇从孩子出生后就几乎不出门了”。

12. It was estimated that the ________ storm killed at least several thousand people and left more than one million without homes.

A. fierce

B. pierce

C. timid

D. disobedient