商鞅变法读后感英文Reforms of Shang Yang
试论战国时期商鞅的治民思想
试论战国时期商鞅的治民思想曹惠(中南民族大学民族学与社会学学院湖北·武汉430074)中图分类号：K233文献标识码：A文章编号：1672-7894（2013）10-0110-02摘要提到商鞅浮现在人们眼前的是商鞅在秦国的两次变法，这对秦国乃至整个中国的封建社会都有深远的影响。
后世研究商鞅变法归纳了很多思想，比如商鞅的经济思想、法制思想、重农思想等,其中治理民众的思想尤其值得关注，主要有去礼乐尚法治、禁诗书贱学问、重视一言一教等。
商鞅在变法当中提出并实践的这些治民思想不仅直接影响了其变法的成果，而且对古代中国封建社会的政治思想文化也产生了长远而深刻的影响。
关键词战国商鞅治民思想On Shang Yang's Governing Thought in the Warring States Period//Cao HuiAbstract When mentioning Shang Yang,people will recall his two political reforms in Qin,which were of profound significance to Qin,even the whole Chinese feudal society.Among Shang Yang's reform thoughts,his governing thought deserves particular concern,for it directly affects the effects of his reforms and the feudal politics,ideology and culture of ancient China.Key words warring states;Shang Yang;governing thought商鞅是战国时期著名的改革家。
春秋战国是中国社会转型的时期，由一种生产关系过渡到另一种生产关系，社会形态由奴隶社会向封建社会过渡。
2019年中考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案：商鞅变法
2019年中考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案：商鞅变法各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢Shang Yang was a politician of the Qin state. He was very wise and forward-thinking. He worked out several reform plans for the state, including focusing on farming and giving rewards to soldiers who were successful during war.But at the beginning, these reforms were not easily carried out. Only a few people in the state understood Shang’s talent and the advantages of his plans. Most people had little trust and confidence in him.To solve this problem, Shang came up with an idea. He ordered some soldiers to put a thin wooden pole at the south gate ofthe Qin state capital. This attracted many people. Then, in front of the crowd, he said loudly: “People of Qin, whoever takes this pole to the north gate will get a reward of 10 gold pieces.”It was a simple task and the reward was big. Some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought that Shang was joking. Hearing no answer, Shang stepped forward and said, “I will increase the rewar d to 50 gold pieces.”The words sounded even more unbelievable. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward to take the pole. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang paid the man 50 gold pieces.Soon, the people were saying that Shang was a man of his word. When he began promoting his reforms, the people followed and did not question him.Under the great reforms, Qin grewstrong and united all the states, becoming the first empire of China. Later, people drew the Chinese idiom “立木取信” from this story.26. Shang Yang’s reforms.A. were never trusted by peopleB. made Qin grow strongC. were carried out easily at the beginningD. focused on farming and education27. To let people trust him, Shang Yang.A. ordered many young men to join the armyB. gave a reward to anyone who supported himC. showed that he could keep his promisesD. introduced his reforms at the south gate of the capital28. What does the underlined word “unbelievable” mean in the passage?A. 不能实现的B. 不可能的C. 难以理解的D. 难以置信的29. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?A. The Chinese idiom “立木取信” just came from this story.B. Under the reforms, Qin united all the states.C. The man who carried the pole to the north gate was paid only 10 gold pieces.D. At first, only a few people in the state understood the advantages of Shang Yang’s plans.30. What’s the main idea of this story?A. Earning people’s trust is never easy.B. Keeping promises can earn people’s trust.C. Money can lead people to do anything in the world.D. Reforms are important for a country to develop.各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢。
商鞅变法英语故事
商鞅变法英语故事1Long ago in ancient China, there was a remarkable event known as Shang Yang's Reform. Shang Yang, a visionary and courageous figure, set out on a challenging journey to transform the state of Qin. He ventured deep into the folk, observing the lives and hardships of the common people. With a keen eye and a compassionate heart, he understood the problems plaguing the land.He devised a series of bold and innovative measures. But oh, the path was not smooth! He faced countless obstacles and fierce opposition. How could he persist in the face of such adversity? It was his unwavering belief and determination that drove him forward.He encountered skeptical officials who were reluctant to change. "Why should we risk the established order?" they questioned. But Shang Yang was not deterred. He passionately explained the potential benefits and the necessity of reform.With time, his efforts began to bear fruit. The economy flourished, the military grew stronger, and the state of Qin rose to new heights. Wasn't this a remarkable achievement?Shang Yang's Reform was not just a set of policies; it was a testament to the power of vision and perseverance. It taught us that with courage andwisdom, great changes can be brought about, even in the face of seemingly insurmountable odds. What an inspiring story it is!2Long ago in ancient China, there was a remarkable man named Shang Yang. The state of Qin was in a state of stagnation and needed a radical change. In the court, Shang Yang stood firm against the conservative forces. "How can we remain trapped in the old ways when progress is needed?" he exclaimed. "Must we ignore the potential for growth and development?" His voice was passionate and determined.The debate was intense. The conservatives argued for the status quo, but Shang Yang persisted with his vision. "Do we not dare to take risks for a better future? Are we so afraid of change?" he questioned forcefully. Eventually, his arguments prevailed, and the reform began.After the reform, the lives of the people of Qin changed dramatically. The fields were more productive, and trade flourished. "Look at how our lives have improved!" the people exclaimed with joy. "This is the power of innovation and change!"The story of Shang Yang's reform teaches us that with courage and vision, great changes can be achieved. We should not be afraid to challenge the old and embrace the new. Isn't it the key to a prosperous future? Let us always remember this and strive for progress and innovation!When I first heard about Shang Yang's Reform in history class, I was simply amazed by its boldness and vision. I couldn't help but wonder how such a grand plan could be conceived and implemented in ancient times.As I delved deeper into the story, I was increasingly astonished. Shang Yang's determination to bring about change was unwavering! How could he have the courage to challenge the established order and push forward with such radical reforms? The measures he took, such as abolishing the hereditary system and rewarding farming and weaving, were truly revolutionary.I recall the passionate explanations of our history teacher, who vividly described the impact of these reforms on the society of that time. It was as if I could see the scenes of people's lives being transformed before my eyes.But why did such a brilliant reform encounter so many obstacles and resistances? Was it because people were afraid of change or because the interests of some were being threatened? This makes me think deeply about the complexity of historical progress.Shang Yang's Reform was not just a simple event in history. It teaches us that change often requires great courage and wisdom. It also makes us reflect on how we should face and drive change in our own times. What a profound lesson from the past!Once upon a time in ancient China, there was a remarkable event known as Shang Yang's Reform. This reform brought about profound changes that had a tremendous impact on the social structure!Shang Yang abolished the hereditary noble system and established a system that rewarded military merit. Oh, what a bold move this was! Previously, noble positions were passed down through families regardless of merit. But now, those who fought bravely and achieved military success were given honors and positions. This led to a significant shift in the social hierarchy. Common people had the opportunity to rise through their efforts and bravery. Wasn't this a revolutionary change?Another crucial aspect was the implementation of the county system. Shang Yang's decision to establish this system centralized power in the hands of the central government. How amazing it was! Before this reform, local powers held significant influence and often acted independently. With the county system, the central government could exert more control and governance, ensuring greater unity and stability.Shang Yang's Reform was not an easy task. It faced numerous obstacles and opposition. But his determination and vision pushed through these difficulties. The changes he brought were not just superficial but reached deep into the fabric of society.In conclusion, Shang Yang's Reform was a turning point in Chinesehistory. It questioned the old order and created new possibilities. It made us wonder how much one person's ideas and actions could shape a nation's future!5In the ancient times of China, there occurred a remarkable event known as Shang Yang's Reform. This reform was a bold and courageous attempt to transform the society of that era. Shang Yang's ideas were revolutionary and his determination unwavering! How could such a reform come about? It was due to the deep-seated problems and the urgent need for change in the society at that time.The reform brought about significant changes in various aspects. It restructured the political system, strengthened the centralization of power, and promoted economic development through measures like land reform and the encouragement of agriculture. But, was it all smooth sailing? No! There were numerous obstacles and resistances.Despite the challenges, Shang Yang persisted. But in the end, his fate was tragic. However, his reform left an indelible mark on history.What can we learn from this? Firstly, determination and courage are essential for any reform. Secondly, a comprehensive understanding of the social situation is crucial. Also, we should be prepared for possible setbacks and resistances.When we look at today's social reforms, there are similarities. We alsoneed to address various problems and find effective solutions. Are we as brave and determined as Shang Yang? Can we learn from history and create a better future? The answer lies in our actions and choices!。
孙子兵法英语读后感三年级
孙子兵法英语读后感三年级"The Art of War" is a book written by Sun Tzu, an ancient Chinese military strategist. Although it was written a long time ago, the wisdom and strategies shared in this book can still be applied to various situations today.One important lesson from "The Art of War" is the value of careful planning. Sun Tzu emphasizes the importance of knowing the enemy and oneself in order to achieve victory. This means that before starting any task, we should gather information and understand our own strengths and weaknesses. By doing this, we can come up with a better plan and increase our chances of success.Another key concept in the book is the idea of adaptability. Sun Tzu talks about the need to be flexible and adjust our strategies according to the circumstances. Sometimes, things don't go as planned, and we have to beready to change our approach. This is a valuable lesson in life as well. We should be open to new ideas and be willing to adjust our plans when necessary.Sun Tzu also emphasizes the importance of discipline and leadership. He believes that a good leader should lead by example and inspire his team. He emphasizes the need for clear communication and unity within the group. These qualities are applicable not only in military situations but also in everyday life. Whether it's working on a groupproject or participating in a team sport, being a good leader and maintaining discipline can lead to better outcomes.Additionally, "The Art of War" teaches us about the importance of patience and timing. Sun Tzu advises avoiding unnecessary conflicts and waiting for the right opportunity to strike. This lesson reminds us that rushing into actions without proper planning can lead to unfavorable outcomes.Instead, we should be patient, observe the situation, and act at the right moment for maximum effectiveness.In conclusion, "The Art of War" is a timeless guide that provides valuable insights into strategy, leadership, and personal development. The lessons it teaches can be applied to various aspects of life, including academics, sports, and even personal relationships. By understanding and incorporating these teachings into our lives, we can improve our decision-making skills and increase our chances of success.。
2023年中考英语热点时文阅读16 中国历史故事(一)
2023年中考英语新热点时文阅读-中国历史故事（一）01（2022年湖北省宜昌市中考英语试题）The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom (王国) Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the horse back. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?”On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard.However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.1．Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen?A．Because the king asked him to do so.B．Because he wanted to be an inventor.C．Because he didn’t have silk to write on.D．Because the pen brought him much trouble. 2．When did Meng think of the good idea in Paragraph 3?A．Before hunting animals.B．When he saw the trail.C．During cleaning the hair.D．After he wrote a report.3．Which is the right order of improving the brush pen?a. The brush pen could write well.b. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick.c. The special water washed the oil away.d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.A．b-d-a-c B．d-b-a-c C．b-d-c-a D．c-d-b-a4．How can the students understand Chinese culture better?A．By learning to use brush pens.B．By playing a role.C．By planting more bamboo.D．By inventing things.5．What can we learn from the passage?A．Make friends with animals.B．Value fantastic memories.C．Keep trying and never give up.D．Build a peaceful world.02（2022年江苏省连云港市新海实验中学中考一模英语试题）Shang Yang was a statesman of the Qin state (秦国). He was very talented and forward-thinking. He worked out a series of reform plans for the state, including focusing on farming and giving rewards to soldiers who were successful during war.But at the beginning, these reforms were not easily carried out. Only a few people in the state understood Shang’s talent and advantages of his plans. Most people had little trust and confidence in him.To solve this problem, Shang came up with an idea. He ordered some soldiers to put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin state capital. This attracted many people. Then, in front of the crowd, he said loudly, “People of Qin, here is my offer. Whoever takes this pole to the north gate will get a reward of 10 gold pieces.”It was a simple task and the reward was big. Some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought that Shang was joking.Hearing no answer, Shang stepped forward and said, “I will increase the reward to 50 gold pieces.”This offer was even more unbelievable. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward to take the pole. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang paid the man 50 gold pieces.Word spread about what had happened in the capital. Soon, the people were saying that Shang was a man of his word. When he began promoting his reforms, the people followed and did not question him.Under the reforms, Qin grew strong and unified all the states, becoming the first empire of China. 6．Which of the following is TRUE about Shang Yang’s reforms?A．Shang Yang’s reforms were the best ones at that time.B．Shang Yang’s reforms helped China become a bigger country.C．Shang Yang’s reforms focused on farming and education.D．Shang Yang’s reforms were introduced to other states.7．Many people were attracted but no one stepped forward after hearing Shang Yang’s word because ________.A．the task was too difficult to finish B．they were not satisfied with the rewardC．they couldn’t believe what Shang said D．they didn’t know how to finish the task8．To convince people to trust him, Shang Yang ________.A．gave a reward to anyone who supported him B．introduced his reforms at the south gate of the capital C．urged many young men to join the army D．showed that he could keep his promises9．What does the story mainly want to tell us?A．Money talks.B．Keeping promises can earn people’s trust. C．Earning people’s trust is never easy.D．Reforms are important for a country to develop.03（2022年贵州省黔东南州中考英语真题）To Borrow Arrows with Thatched BoatsOne day, Zhou Yu ordered Zhuge Liang to make 100,000 arrows（箭）in ten days. Zhou Yu thought it was impossible, but Zhuge Liang said, “Give me three days.” Then he asked Lu Su to lend him 20 boats, andthe soldiers put some scarecrows（稻草人）in line on the boats. He reminded Lu Su not to tell Zhou Yu what was happening.When Lu Su came again to see Zhuge Liang, he found nothing unusual. Nothing happened on the second day, either. In the small hours（凌晨）of the third day, Zhuge Liang invited Lu Su for a boat ride. The 20 boats were tied together with strong ropes. Zhuge’s fleet went towards the camp of Cao Cao. The surface of the river was covered with thick mist（雾）all over. People could hardly see each other on the river. When Zhuge’s fleet got close to the Cao camp before dawn（黎明）, Zhuge Liang ordered his soldiers to shout and beat drums heavily to pretend an attack. But Zhuge and Lu Su only sat inside one boat drinking wine to enjoy themselves.As soon as the Cao camp heard the shouting and drum beating, they mistook it for a surprise attack by the Zhou Yu camp. Since they could see nobody on the river, they had to order 3,000 soldiers to shoot arrows to stop the unexpected attack. The front of the scarecrows was quickly full of arrows. After a while, Zhuge Liang had his fleet turned around to get the other side of the scarecrows to face the Cao camp. When both sides were full of arrows, the day broke. Zhuge Liang ordered his soldiers to return. The soldiers shouted in excitement, “Thank you, Cao Cao, for your arrows.” After they got back to their camp, they collected more than 100,000 arrows in total from the scarecrows.10．How many days did Zhuge Liang need to make 100,000 arrows?A．One day.B．Two days.C．Three days.D．Ten days.11．The underlined word “feet” probably means _________ in Chinese.A．船帆B．甲板C．船浆D．船队12．Who created the idea to get the arrows?A．Zhou Y u.B．Zhuge Liang.C．Lu Su.D．Cao Cao.13．The soldiers in the Cao camp shot arrows because _________.A．the Zhou Yu camp started an attackB．they could see each other on the riverC．they mistook the shouting and beating for a surprise attackD．Lu Su beat the drums14．How did Zhou Yu probably feel after Zhuge Liang returned with over 100,000 arrows? A．Surprised.B．Bored.C．Tired.D．Lonely.04（江苏省南通海安市2021-2022学年八年级下学期期末学业质量监测英语试题）请认真阅读下面短文, 并根据短文内容回答问题。
第二单元商鞅变法（SecondunitShangYangreform）
第二单元商鞅变法（Second unit Shang Yang reform）Second unit Shang Yang reformThe class name ____ _____ number _____First, the multiple-choice part1, the following events are related to the social phenomena of the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States PeriodThe establishment of the system of iron tools and cattle farming, there appeared the new landlord and the frequent contention of a hundred schools of thought contend for hegemonyA.,B.,C.,D.2, in the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, the deep roots of the political reform movement in each vassal state wereA. the influence of Legalist political reform advocatedB. the development of private ownership of feudal landC. the promotion of the new landlord class,D. monarchy to consolidate the rule of support, political reform3 which of the following best describes the historical stages of the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period?:A is the period of the collapse of the slave society and the formation of feudal society, andB is the period from divisionto unificationC is a period of great national integration and D, a period of unprecedented prosperity in cultural science4, Qi Guan "and bad sign" and "first tax Lu Mu", the essence is toA, establish the dictatorship of the landlord class, B and develop the feudal economy, C and gradually recognize the land privately owned by the D and eliminate the remnants of slavery5, the differences between the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period were mainlyThe content of A. reform, B, the mode of reform, C, the nature of reform, D, the results of reform6, the implementation of the early period of spring and autumn, Lu and Qi Mu tax implemented "phase and decline" sign, the result isThe increase of national income of private land that accelerated the collapse of the feudal system to promote the establishment of relations of productionA.,B.,C.,D.7, in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the direct impetus of the reform of the kings in various countries wasThe rapid development of B. A. productivity to dominate the world's desire C. class struggle is very sharp decline in Dongzhou Royal D.8, Shang Yang's political reform was able to become a more thorough reform, and promoted the social progress of Qin, the main reason is thatA has created a new system suitable for social and economic development, B, which has fundamentally established the land private ownership systemC attacked and disintegrated the old patriarchal clan system, D, and strengthened the household registration system under the basic management9, Shang Qin in the Qin Dynasty political reform, the descendants are more "Shang Shang Jun died, Qin law has not failed" to comment, mainly becauseA Xiao supportB to meet the requirements of the interests of the landlord classC reform measures usedD "for the Qin Kai Empire has far-reaching influence for countries10, although the war was frequent in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, it prepared the conditions for the end of the split and chaos and for reunification. The conditions are there:Achieving regional unity and promoting national integration.In the reform, the state of Qin was strong and the people were eager to unifyA, C, B, and D11, the earliest known symbol of state-owned land shake, began to collapse measuresA. "andB." ring sign "the waste"C. "as the fertility of"D. "for Tian Qianmo border"12, for Qin, Shang Yang's political reform played a decisive historical roleA, the old system was abolished, the feudal economy developed, and the military strength of B and Qin became stronger and strongerC laid the foundation for Qin Shihuang's unification of the six countries, andD accelerated the development of autocratic political centralization in Qin State13, the "historical records? Shangjunshu biography" contains: "Shang Qin clan Guiqi ten years, much hope". This is mainly because of Shang Yang's political reform:A allows business people, officialB allowed the free sale of land, the land that privately ownedC D, according to the provisions of the military field has knighted14, in Shang Yang's political reform, the content of thedecisive role in safeguarding the interests of the new landlord class is thatA. "Tian Qianmo the"B.C. award military restrainingD. implementation of the county system15, Shang Yang's political reform measures, the most influential for future generations isA. "Tian Qianmo the"B.C. award military restrainingD. implementation of the county system16. The following reforms,Changes in land ownership areA. B. Shang Yang C. 1898 Reform Shizong Zhou Guan reform D. Wang Anshi reform17, what contents of Shang Yang's political reform directly abolished the privileges of the slave owners and noblesThe military awards the physiocracy in order to open the packet with the field for the county waste implement sitA.,B.,C.,D., II18, "Shang Yang is dead, but the basic reason is the Qin Zuhang method"A. conforms to the interests of the landlord classB. meets thedemands of the economic development of the people's support for D. C. championed audience19, Qin has become a rich and powerful country, the main reason is thatA. implemented Shang Yang reform,B. more use of iron farming tools,C. cattle farming was promoted,D. pay attention to water conservancy project construction20, the reform of Shang Yang law "to the industry, farming and weaving silk by millet and more, the complex. What end benefit and idle while the poor, for that child". It reflects the fundamental purpose of the reformA classB to achieve the protection of farmers' interests and keep the stability of Qin fuguoqiangbingC D, the small peasant economy to consolidate and develop the private ownership of land21, the Qin State Shang Yang reform has its historical limitations, the following are not its limitationsA. B. Hu Fu, overpunishment C. heavy labor conditions still like the old D. system, the old customs still exist22, the Warring States period, but the social economy is war without stop, get considerable development, the fundamental reason is thatA, the establishment of the feudal system, adapted to thedevelopment of productive forces, B, the vassal states for hegemony, focusing on productionC, the implementation of the reform of Shang Yang restraining commerce policy D, farmers on the land attachment loss23, Shang Yang's political reform measures sharpened class contradictionsThe implementation of the law even overpunishment the Hufu the restraining heavy laborA, C, B, D24, the similarity between Guan Zhong's reform and Shang Yang's reform is thatA represents the interests of the new landlord class.B abolished slavery and established the feudal systemC, both strengthened the struggle for hegemony in the country, D have changed the social nature of the country25, we believe that Shang Yang's reform is the fundamental basis for the fundamental change of the social systemThe open field, waste A., B. admitted that private land owners to abolish the privilege, military AwardsC. abolished the feudal system, the establishment of the county systemD. restraining, reward farming and weaving26, the following statement on the historical limitations of Shang Yang's political reform is incorrectA, despise education, advocate overpunishment B, even the implementation of a law, increasing the people's painNot completely separated from the old system, culture and customs, D changed social production relations and promoted the development of productive forces27, "filial piety death", "Hui king" later...... Said the king Hui said: "ministers are too heavy in danger, too dangerous to the body around them. Today, the Qin and the women, the babies, all speak the law of the merchant, and the law of the king of Mo Yan is the opposite of the Shang Dynasty, and the king is more important" (the Warring States policy, Qin Yi Yi), in the article, "people say, Hui Wang" in the "people" objectively represents who was then:A, declining aristocracy, B, meritorious officers and soldiers, C, new landlords, D, rich farmers28, the people of the Qin people have "Bo Enli, good birth points" impression, which is related to Shang Yang's political reform measuresA. B. C. military awards reward farming poetry and involve what D. incineration Gaojian system29, the reform of Shang Yang put forward the "subjectiveobjective restraining commerce" isA, establish the land private system, B, establish the landlord class, rule C, develop feudal landlord economy, D and restrict the power of the old nobles30, compared with the reform of the spring and Autumn period, the main difference between the reform of the Warring States period and the period of the spring and Autumn period is thatA. reform involves land system,B. reform involves tax system,C. reform involves military system,D. reform touches superstructure31, Shang Yang said: "not just a country, it is not francou." Its essential function isA. criticized and denied the landlord class, andB. provided the conditions for the dictatorship of the landlord classC.Affirmed the "Tian Tian Tian Tian" phenomenon, D. laid the foundation for the reunification of the six countries in Qin32, "Shang Yi Li left, abandon grace, and heart ahead. For two years, Qin defeated the old customs. The Qin people Fu Zi Zhuang is out of poverty, Zi Zhuang is out there." The positive significance of this phenomenon to the Qin regime lies inA. is conducive to promoting the private ownership of land inorder to arouse the working enthusiasm of B. is conducive to the implementation of guilt law in order to strengthen the governmental control to the peopleC. is conducive to increasing the number of household accounts, increasing the government's tax income,D. is conducive to stimulating the fighting spirit of soldiers, so as to enhance the combat effectiveness of the army33, the measures taken in Shang Yang's reform have negative effects on the later generationsThe restraining of the "burnt out poetry and decrees of the" military awards the abolition of the system implement sitA, C, B, D, II34 the following mistakes about Shang Yang's reform areA. Shang Yang's political reform was a relatively thorough reform movement, and theB. Shang Yang reform was the earliest reform movement in the Warring States PeriodC. Shang Yang Qin fuguoqiangbing reform and then unified national laid the foundation for the reform of Shang YangD. with certain limitations35, Wu Qi in the state of Chu reform, was finally shot to death; Shang Yang was killed in the reform in the state of Qin, Qin Xiaogong died, the corpse was tying up. thisFirst, the essential problem of historical reflection is thatA. Qi, Shang Yang for the implementation of the new law, the less well, the unpopularB. reform to adapt to the law of historical developmentImmature C. emerging landlord class and the slave owners for control of a fierce struggle, the timing of the reform of Shang Yang Qi D.36, during the Warring States period, the social contradictions reflected by the political reform in the Warring States period wereA the contradiction between the slave and the slave ownerB the contradiction between the farmer and the landlordC the contradiction between the civilian and the slave ownerD the contradiction between the new landlord and the slave Lord37, the following events do not belong to the feudal landlord class nature of the reform movement isGuan Zhong A, B, C, Kui 1898 Reform reform, the reform of Shang Yang D wuqi38, Guan Zhong's reform and Shang Yang's political reformA, the same content and the opposite nature, B abolished slavery and established the feudal systemC, have expanded the strength of the struggle for hegemony, D,have changed the social nature of the countryTwo, non objective questions39. Read the following materialsOne way is not a material, it's not francou. Therefore, soup and Wu do not follow the ancient and the king, the summer and the Yin are not easy to die,The pilgrim shortage. - Shang YangMaterial two and Qin filial piety public Shang Jun, Aohuaii Da, open field, urgent cultivation and war tours, not to the road, and the service, and in neighboring countriesPrinces. Wang Zhisui ran out, but the difference of death. The common people of the rich tired giant, but the poor food Zaokang; country strong and Chow, and the weakThe funeral. - "Han Shihuo Zhi".Three filial piety Shang Yang's public law, customs, people with Yin Sheng, country to prosperity, people with music, princes Pro service, by Chu, Wei ZhiA teacher, who holds a thousand li, remains strong so far. - "historical records biography" Li Si.Please answer the questions：(1) what is the theoretical basis of Shang Yang's political reform? According to material one or two, what is the reason for the implementation of the Political Reform Ordinance?(2) according to material two, the author points out the main contents of Shang Yang's political reform. (itemized, not extract)(3) what is the attitude of the author of material two or three to Shang Yang's political reform? The second material "services", "Wang Zhisui out" refers to what?40. Read the following materials:A Wei Yang said: "not just a country, it is not francou. Therefore, soup and Wu do not follow the ancient, but the king, Xia and Yin are not easy to die. Anti ancientThere are many who cannot follow."Material two observe the following three pictures during the period of Shang Yang's political reform:Figure 1 iron farming toolsFigure two reward ploughingFigure three Shang Yang copper square riseMaterial three and Qin filial piety public Shang Jun, Aohuaii Da, open field, urgent cultivation and war tours. Is not theroad,For the sake of God's sake,A neighbor and a ruler. Wang Zhisui ran out, but poor dead; rich people tired giant, but the poor food Zaokang; country strong and chow,And the weak state funeral. - "Han Shihuo Zhi"?Please answer: (1) what historical information can you draw from the plough map of the materials two, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2? What is the problem with this information?According to the material two figure 2 cattle farming, historians generally believed that this is farmers farming in the private fields, whether you think this viewRight? Why?The reference material is one of the three words, summarize historical role for the ShangAccording to the materials and the knowledge of history, the function of Shang Yang's reform.41. Read the following materials: (2009 Zhejiang province entrance examination module history questions)Material: Xiao Ren Shang Yang. The Shanxi martingale narrow land poor, Qin people Diguang widowed, not so grass cultivation, Li as a. So by Sanjin, the Li Tian zhai...... (to) the service in the Qin people to deal with the enemy. The waste for Ida, Qianmo, as it does not limit the number of crops. The soldiers Guofu years, invincible. - "Tongdian Shihuo"?Material two: Qi can not meet the attack Wei Wuzu, Wei Wu died when the Qin Shi Zhirui can not. -- Xunzi, debate on soldiersAccording to the material, and combined with the knowledge of why Shang Yang "induced" Shanxi people, why people will be taking ShanxiWhat is the result of the "lure" of martingale?(2) according to material 1 and combine the knowledge, analyze the reason of material two.42. read the following materialsThe material for what Wu, and even our animal husbandry. Don't accuse crafty who cut, accusation and cut the enemy in the first with the reward, you and rape down enemy with impunity....... The middle ages, the rate of jazz. Humiliate force industry, farming and weaving silk and more complex body caused by millet (avoid corvee); things end benefit and failure while the poor, for that the (servants). The non military theory, not for membership....... But in small rural town together for the county, where thirty-one set order, Cheng county. Open Qianmo border for the field, and the flat tax. A flat bucket weighstwo feet. - "records of Shangjunshu biography"?Two filial piety Shang Yang's public law, customs, people with Yin Sheng, country to prosperity, people with music, clothes princes pro. By Chu, Wei's division, to raise thousands of miles, so far, strong governance. Li Si: "Jian Zhuke book"Three Shang Yang Aohuaii Da, Xiao Qin public, open field, urgent cultivation and war tours, not to the road, still so inclined its neighbours and male princes. Wang Zhisui ran out, but the difference of death. The common people of the rich tired giant, but the poor food Zaokang; country strong and weak state, and the state funeral.- "Han Shihuo Zhi"?Four: material "Sima Qian Shang, talent mean people. Traces of their desire to do filial piety, to the emperor, holding the floating said, not its quality....... And use the penalty, Wei will bully ungodliness childe....... I have read the Shang glycerine and their act is till afternoon, class." - "records of Shangjunshu biography"?Answer: (1) what are the main provisions of the material? Try to generalize, refine and list.(2) what consensus does material two or three have on the evaluation of Shang Yang's political reform? Which one is fully positive about the Shang Yang reform?(3) which sentence do you think is the least consistent withthe historical facts at that time? Why?(4) the third "Wang Zhisui material out, illegal death reflects what difference of historical facts? What is the author's attitude towards it? How do you rate it?(5) what is wrong with the evaluation of Shang Yang's political reform by the fourth author of the material?43. Read the following materialsA material (Shang Yang method) for ten years, the people of Qin Yue, daobushiyi, mountain thief, all live in plenty. The public to war, afraid to Xiang Sidou, Yi dazhi.Material: two Sima Qian Shang, the talented person also mean. Traces of their desire to do filial piety, to the emperor, holding the floating said, not its quality....... Well, criminal ungodliness childe Wei will not bully, and teacher Zhao's words, is sufficient invention Shang little en yi. I have read the Shang glycerine and their act is till afternoon, class. (Note: This is the administration of severe punishment on, that Boone is the administration of a plug plug, the meaning of the torture in less well). He was notorious for his sins, and for his own sake!Material three and Qin filial piety public Shang Jun, Aohuaii Da, open field, urgent cultivation and war tours, not to the road, still so inclined its neighbours and male princes. Wang Zhisui ran out, but excessive difference. The common people ofthe rich tired giant, but the poor food Zaokang; country strong and Chow, and the weak state funeral.Four filial piety Shang Yang's public law, customs, people with Yin Sheng, people with music, princes Pro service, won the Chu Weizhi division, for thousands of miles, so strong.(1) from the material of induction, the reform of Shang Yang how to bring social results? (not extract) why "people to the public"Battle" situation?(2) material two. What are the main criteria for commenting on Shang Yang's political reform? Are there any reasons for its evaluation? Why?(3) according to material one or two, summarize the reason why Shang Yang's political reform can be successful.(4) what did material three affirm to Shang Yang's reform and what was the denial?(5) material four. What is the main focus of Shang Yang's reform? What is the difference between the three and the material?(6) the third people material which refers to the class? What do you think should be the main focus of the evaluation of Shang Yang's political reform?。
用英语说中国的春秋战国
用英语说中国的春秋战国把英语融入到日常的阅读当中，可以有效得提高英语水平。
小编在此献上用英语来了解中国的历史文化，希望大家喜欢。
用英语说中国春秋战国：The Contention of a Hundred Schools of Thought 百家争鸣As an era of great cultural and intellectual expansion in China, the Hundred Schools of Thought (诸子百家)lasted from 770 BC to 222 BC.作为中国历史上一个文化与智慧迅速扩展的时代，诸子百家始于公元前770年，终于公元前222年。
Known as the Golden Age of Chinese thought and the Contention of a Hundred Schools of Thought (百家争鸣)，the period saw the rise of many different schools of thought.这个时代被誉为中国思想的黄金时期和百家争鸣的时期，它见证了不同思想学派的兴起。
Many of the great Chinese classic texts that originated during this period have had profound influences on Chinese lifestyle and social consciousness lasting to the present day.不少起源于这个时代的中国古典著作直到今日对中国人的生活方式和社会意识还有着深远的影响。
The intellectual society of this era was characterized by itinerant intellectuals, who were usually employed by various state rulers as advisers on the methods of government, war, and diplomacy.这个时代的知识型社会以流动的智者为特征，这些智者被不同国家的君主任用为顾问，针对治国之道、治军之道和外交手段提出建议。
高一历史与政治改革英语阅读理解25题
高一历史与政治改革英语阅读理解25题1<背景文章>Solon's Reforms: A Turning Point in Ancient Athens.In ancient Athens, there was a time of great social and economic unrest. The gap between the rich and the poor was widening, and the common people were burdened with heavy debts. This was the background against which Solon carried out his far-reaching reforms.Solon's reforms encompassed several key aspects. Firstly, he abolished debt slavery. This measure relieved the plight of the poor who were in bondage due to debt. Secondly, he carried out a series of economic reforms. He adjusted the currency system and encouraged the development of commerce and industry. Thirdly, he reformed the political system. He established a system based on property qualifications, allowing more people to participate in political affairs.The impact of Solon's reforms was profound. It laid the foundation for the development of democracy in Athens. It promoted economic prosperity and social stability. Moreover, it inspired future generations to continue to strive for a more just and democratic society.1. What was the main background for Solon's reforms?A. Political stability.B. Economic prosperity.C. Social and economic unrest.D. Foreign invasion.答案：C。
读资治通鉴有感英文版读后感
读资治通鉴有感英文版读后感English: Upon reading "Records of the Grand Historian", I was struck by the depth and breadth of Chinese history that was captured in this vast chronicle. From the rise and fall of dynasties to the intricate political maneuverings of various rulers, each page illuminated a different aspect of China's rich past. The meticulous attention to detail and the comprehensive coverage of events spanning over two thousand years gave me a newfound appreciation for the complexities and nuances of Chinese history. Furthermore, the timeless lessons and insights gleaned from the successes and failures of past leaders served as a valuable guide for navigating present-day challenges and decisions. Overall, reading this remarkable work was not only an educational experience but also a journey through time that offered a deeper understanding of the cultural and political heritage of China.Translated content: 在阅读《资治通鉴》时，我被这部广阔的编年史所包含的深度和广度所震撼。
三字经英文读后感
三字经英文读后感Three Character Classic is a traditional Chinese text that has been used for centuries to educate children. The text is written in a simple and straightforward manner, making it easy for young readers to understand. It covers a wide range of topics, including history, morality, and ethics, and has been widely praised for its educational value.After reading the Three Character Classic, I was struck by the timeless wisdom contained within its pages. The text covers a wide range of topics, from the importance offilial piety to the virtues of honesty and hard work. These are values that are just as relevant today as they were when the text was first written, and I found myselfreflecting on how they apply to my own life.One of the things that stood out to me was the emphasis on the importance of education. The Three Character Classic stresses the value of learning and the pursuit of knowledge,and it reminded me of the privilege I have to be able to access education. It also made me think about the responsibility I have to make the most of that opportunity and to use the knowledge I gain to make a positive impact on the world.Another theme that resonated with me was the importance of being a good person. The text emphasizes the virtues of honesty, kindness, and humility, and it made me think about how I can embody these qualities in my own life. It reminded me that being a good person is not just about following rules or doing what is expected of me, but about making a conscious effort to be kind and considerate to others.The Three Character Classic also made me reflect on the importance of family and community. The text emphasizes the value of filial piety and the importance of respecting and caring for one's parents. It also stresses the importance of working together with others for the greater good. This made me think about the importance of building strong relationships with my family and friends, and of being anactive and contributing member of my community.Overall, reading the Three Character Classic was a thought-provoking and enriching experience. The text's timeless wisdom and moral lessons have left a lasting impression on me, and I feel inspired to strive for self-improvement and to live a life guided by the values it espouses. I would highly recommend this text to anyone looking for guidance on how to live a virtuous and fulfilling life.。
中华上下五千年赏罚分明读后感
中华上下五千年赏罚分明读后感英文版China has a history of five thousand years, filled with ups and downs, triumphs and tribulations. Throughout these millennia, the Chinese people have experienced both rewards and punishments, shaping the nation's character and identity.The Chinese civilization has seen periods of great prosperity and achievements, such as the invention of papermaking, the development of the Silk Road, and the construction of the Great Wall. These accomplishments have not only benefited the Chinese people but have also contributed to the advancement of human civilization as a whole.However, along with success, China has also faced challenges and setbacks. From foreign invasions to internal conflicts, the Chinese people have endured hardships and struggles. The country has been invaded, divided, and conquered numerous times, but each time, it has managed to rise again, stronger and more resilient.Despite the trials and tribulations, the Chinese people have remained steadfast in their beliefs, traditions, and values. Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism have all played a significant role in shaping the Chinese society and culture. These philosophies have instilled a sense of morality, harmony, and respect for authority among the Chinese people.In conclusion, the history of China is a testament to the resilience, perseverance, and spirit of its people. Through times of prosperity and adversity, the Chinese civilization has endured and thrived, leaving a lasting legacy for generations to come.中华上下五千年赏罚分明读后感中国有着五千年的历史，充满了起起伏伏，胜利和苦难。
关于商鞅变法的英语作文
关于商鞅变法的英语作文The Reforms of Shang Yang: A Turning Point in Ancient ChinaIn the ancient history of China, the reforms implemented by Shang Yang, also known as Shang Jun, stand out as a significant milestone. These reforms, enacted during the Warring States period, transformed the Qin state into a powerful force that eventually unified China under the Qin Dynasty.Shang Yang's reforms encompassed a wide range of areas, including economic, political, and social reforms. Economically, he introduced the concept of private land ownership, allowing farmers to own and cultivate their own land. This increased agricultural production and motivated farmers to work harder, leading to a rise in the state's revenue. In addition, he standardized weights and measures, facilitating trade and commerce.Politically, Shang Yang's reforms strengthened the central government and weakened the nobility. He introduced a strict system of laws and punishments, known as Legalism, which was based on merit and reward for those who followed thelaw and harsh punishment for those who violated it. This created a sense of order and discipline within the state.Socially, Shang Yang's reforms aimed to improve the lives of ordinary people. He abolished the system of feudal estates, where nobility owned vast tracts of land and exploited the peasants. Instead, he encouraged peasants to settle down and cultivate their own land, providing them with greater security and stability.The impact of Shang Yang's reforms was profound. The Qin state, under his reforms, became the most powerful state in China. Its military strength and economic prosperity were unmatched, and it eventually emerged as the dominant force that unified China under the Qin Dynasty. Shang Yang's reforms also had a lasting influence on Chinese history, shaping the foundations of China's political and economic systems for centuries to come.In conclusion, the reforms of Shang Yang represent a pivotal moment in ancient Chinese history. By introducing innovative policies that strengthened the central government, improved the lives of ordinary people, and fostered economic prosperity, Shang Yang transformed the Qin state into a forcethat would eventually unite China under a single dynasty. His reforms remain an inspiration for leaders and reformers in China and beyond.。
塞翁失马英语读后感
塞翁失马英语读后感The story of "The Old Man Lost His Horse" is a classic Chinese fable that teaches us the profound lesson of the unpredictability of fortune and misfortune. It is a tale that has resonated through the ages, reminding us that what may initially seem like a disaster can sometimes lead to unexpected benefits.The narrative revolves around an old man who loses his horse, an event that his neighbors immediately identify as a misfortune. However, the old man himself is not so quick to judge the situation as entirely negative. His perspective is that of a sage who understands the fluid nature of life's events. Sure enough, the horse returns with a fine herd, which could be seen as a stroke of good luck. Yet again, the old man maintains his equanimity, not allowing himself to be swayed by the apparent good fortune.The story takes a turn when the old man's son, while attempting to tame one of the new horses, breaks his leg. This incident leads to the son being unfit for military service, thus saving him from being conscripted and potentially killed in a war. This sequence of events illustrates the moral that one should not be too quick to label events as purely good or bad, as the ultimate outcomeis often beyond our immediate understanding.Reading this fable, I was struck by the wisdom of the oldman and the importance of maintaining a balanced perspective in life. It is easy to become attached to the idea that certain events are categorically positive or negative, but life is far more complex. The story encourages us to adopt a more philosophical outlook, one that allows for thepossibility that our initial judgments may be incomplete.Furthermore, the fable serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness of all things. The loss of the horse led to its return with a herd, and the son's injury prevented him from going to war. Each event was not an isolated incident but part of a larger tapestry of life's experiences.In conclusion, "The Old Man Lost His Horse" is a powerful story that challenges our conventional thinking about the nature of good and bad luck. It invites us to embrace the uncertainty of life and to approach each situation with a sense of curiosity and openness. This fable is a timeless reminder that life's true value often lies in the journey, not just in the destination, and that every experience, whether it seems fortuitous or unfortunate, contributes to our growth and understanding.。
商鞅立木读后感作文400字
商鞅立木读后感作文400字After reading the book "商鞅立木," I was deeply moved by the power of perseverance and dedication. 阅读完《商鞅立木》这本书后，我深深被坚韧和奉献的力量所感动。
The story of Shang Yang, the reformer who brought about significant changes in the state of Qin, is a testament to the impact one person can have on history. 商鞅作为秦国的改革者，改变了秦国的面貌，是一个人可以在历史上留下深远影响的典范。
His unwavering determination to implement his reforms despite facing numerous obstacles and opposition is truly inspiring. 即使面临众多障碍和反对，他始终坚定不移地推动改革，这种毅力让人非常感动。
Shang Yang's vision for a stronger and more efficient state administration resonates with me, as it reflects the importance of innovation and progress in any society. 商鞅对于建立更强大高效的国家行政体系的愿景使我产生共鸣，因为这体现了任何社会都需要创新和进步的重要性。
His ideas on meritocracy and the equal treatment of all citizens regardless of their social status are ideals that we should strive towards in our own lives and societies. 他倡导的唯才是举，并主张平等对待所有公民不论社会地位如何，这些理念是我们在生活和社会中应该努力追求的理想。
塞翁失马焉知非福英语读后感
塞翁失马焉知非福英语读后感The ancient Chinese proverb "Losing a horse may not be a misfortune" is a profound and thought-provoking statement that challenges our conventional understanding of what constitutes good or bad fortune. This timeless wisdom encourages us to adopt a more nuanced and open-minded perspective when faced with seemingly adverse circumstances, for what may initially appear to be a setback could ultimately lead to unexpected blessings.At its core, this proverb reminds us that the events in our lives are often more complex and multifaceted than they first appear. When we lose something that we had previously valued, our initial reaction may be one of despair or disappointment. However, the proverb suggests that we should resist the temptation to make hasty judgments and instead remain receptive to the possibility that this apparent misfortune might, in fact, contain the seeds of a greater good.One of the key insights underlying this proverb is the recognition that our understanding of the world is inherently limited. As finitebeings, we can never fully comprehend the intricate web of causality that governs the unfolding of events in the universe. What may seem like a terrible loss to us in the moment might, from a broader perspective, be part of a larger plan or pattern that we cannot yet discern.Consider the story that is often used to illustrate the meaning of this proverb. In this tale, a farmer's horse runs away, and his neighbors console him, saying, "What bad luck!" The farmer, however, responds, "Maybe." Some time later, the horse returns, bringing with it a herd of wild horses. The neighbors then exclaim, "What good luck!" Again, the farmer responds, "Maybe." This cycle continues as the farmer's son breaks his leg while trying to tame one of the wild horses, and then, when war breaks out, the son is spared from conscription due to his injury.This story highlights the importance of suspending judgment and maintaining an open and receptive mindset in the face of life's twists and turns. The farmer's measured responses, refusing to label each event as either good or bad, demonstrate a profound wisdom and understanding of the ultimately uncertain nature of human experience.When we embrace the perspective embodied in the "losing a horse" proverb, we cultivate a sense of humility and adaptability that canserve us well in navigating the challenges and uncertainties of life. Rather than clinging to our preconceptions or succumbing to the temptation of binary thinking, we learn to hold our judgments lightly and remain attuned to the possibility of unexpected blessings emerging from seemingly adverse circumstances.This mindset can be particularly valuable in times of personal crisis or upheaval. When faced with the loss of a job, the end of a relationship, or the diagnosis of a serious illness, it can be all too easy to fall into a pattern of despair and self-pity. However, by remembering the wisdom of the "losing a horse" proverb, we can approach these difficulties with a greater sense of openness and resilience.Perhaps the job loss leads us to discover a new career path that is more fulfilling and aligned with our true passions. Or maybe the end of a relationship allows us to focus on our own personal growth and ultimately leads us to a more compatible partner. And the health challenge, while certainly daunting, may prompt us to reevaluate our priorities, make positive lifestyle changes, and deepen our appreciation for the preciousness of life.Of course, this is not to suggest that we should simply accept or welcome all forms of adversity with equanimity. There are times when we must confront and overcome genuine hardships, and the "losing a horse" proverb does not negate the need for resilience,courage, and a proactive approach to problem-solving. However, it does encourage us to maintain a curious and open-minded perspective, to resist the temptation to make hasty judgments, and to remain attuned to the possibility of unexpected blessings emerging from even the most challenging circumstances.In a world that often seems to be in a constant state of flux, the "losing a horse" proverb can serve as a guiding light, reminding us to stay grounded, adaptable, and receptive to the unfolding of events. By cultivating this mindset, we can navigate the ups and downs of life with greater wisdom, resilience, and a deeper appreciation for the mystery and wonder that permeates our existence.Ultimately, the "losing a horse" proverb encourages us to embrace the inherent uncertainty of the human experience, to let go of our need for control and predictability, and to trust in the unfolding of a larger pattern or purpose that may not be immediately apparent to us. In doing so, we open ourselves to the possibility of discovering unexpected gifts and opportunities within even the most daunting of circumstances.。
秦始皇统一度量衡英文作文
秦始皇统一度量衡英文作文Emperor Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of a unified China, is renowned for his monumental achievements that have shaped the course of Chinese history. Among his many accomplishments, the standardization of weights and measures stands out as a critical reform that contributed to the unification and stability of the newly formed empire.In 221 BCE, after conquering the six warring states, Qin Shi Huang sought to consolidate his rule by implementing a series of reforms aimed at creating a uniform and centralized state. One of the most significant of these was the unification of the various systems of measurement that had been in use throughout the different states.Prior to Qin Shi Huang's reign, each state had its own system of weights and measures, which made trade and taxation extremely difficult and often led to confusion and disputes. Recognizing the need for a standardized system, the emperor decreed that all measurements be based on a single, unified standard.The new system included the standardization of length, volume, and weight. For length, the "chi" was established as the basic unit, with multiples and fractions defined accordingly. In terms of volume, the "sheng" was adopted for liquid measures, and for weight, the "jin" became the standard unit. These units were then engraved on bronzeweights and measures, which were distributed throughout the empire to ensure consistency.The standardization of weights and measures had far-reaching effects. It facilitated trade by ensuring that goods could be accurately measured and priced across the empire. It also simplified the collection of taxes and tribute, as officials could now use a consistent system to assess and collect these dues.Moreover, the unification of weights and measures contributed to the cultural unification of China. It helped to break down regional differences and fostered a sense of shared identity among the people of the various states that had been brought together under Qin rule.The legacy of Qin Shi Huang's standardization efforts can still be felt today. The concept of a unified system of measurement is a cornerstone of modern governance and commerce, and the principles that guided Qin Shi Huang's reforms continue to inform the development of standards and regulations around the world.In conclusion, Emperor Qin Shi Huang's unification of weights and measures was a pivotal step in the consolidation of his empire. It laid the foundation for economic stability, cultural unity, and the establishment of a centralized, efficient administration. This reform stands as a testament to the foresight and vision of one of history's most influential leaders.。
三字经英文读后感
三字经英文读后感The Three-Character Classic is a timeless classic that has been passed down through the generations in China. It is a concise and profound work that covers a wide range of knowledge and wisdom, making it a must-read for every Chinese student. After reading this book, I have gained a deeper understanding of traditional Chinese culture and values.The Three-Character Classic is a book that covers a wide range of topics, including history, ethics, and philosophy. It is written in a simple and straightforward manner, making it easy to understand and remember. The book is divided into three parts, each covering a different aspect of life. The first part covers the basic principles of Confucianism, such as filial piety, loyalty, and righteousness. The second part covers the history of China, including the achievements of various dynasties and the contributions of famous figures. The third part covers the principles of Buddhism and Taoism, as well as the importance of self-cultivation and moral conduct.One of the things that struck me the most about the Three-Character Classic is its emphasis on moral values and ethical conduct. Throughout the book, the importance of being a good person and living a virtuous life is emphasized. This is a stark contrast to the materialistic and individualistic values that are prevalent in modern society. Reading this book has made me reflect on my own values and behavior, and has inspired me to strive to be a better person.Another aspect of the Three-Character Classic that I found fascinating is its historical content. The book provides a concise overview of Chinese history, covering the major events and figures that have shaped the country. This has given me a deeper appreciation for the rich history and culture of China, and has inspired me to learn more about the country's past.Overall, reading the Three-Character Classic has been a thought-provoking and enlightening experience for me. It has deepened my understanding of traditional Chinese culture and values, and has inspired me to strive for moral excellence. I would highly recommend this book to anyone who is interested in Chinese culture and history, as itprovides valuable insights into the country's rich heritage. I am grateful for the opportunity to have read this book, and I am certain that its teachings will stay with me for a lifetime.。
丝绸之路英语课文读后感
丝绸之路英语课文读后感Reflections on the Silk Road: A Journey Through History and Culture.Upon completing the English lesson on the Silk Road, I was left with a profound sense of awe and admiration forthe rich history and culture that this ancient trade route has endured. The Silk Road, often referred to as the "roadof peace and friendship," was not just a network of trade routes connecting China with the West, but also a symbol of cultural exchange and mutual understanding between diverse civilizations.The lesson began with a brief introduction to the Silk Road, tracing its origins back to the Han dynasty in China. As the name suggests, the Silk Road was initially famousfor its silk trade, but it quickly evolved into a trading network for a wide range of goods, including spices, jewels, and even ideas and religions. This trade not only brought economic prosperity to the participating countries but alsofacilitated the spread of ideas, technologies, and cultural influences.As I delved deeper into the lesson, I was fascinated by the diverse cultures and traditions that were intertwined along the Silk Road. The exchange of goods and ideas between East and West fostered a unique blend of cultural identities, creating a rich tapestry of traditions and customs. For example, the influence of Chinese silk on Roman fashion or the spread of Buddhism from India to China are just two examples of the profound cultural impact of the Silk Road.The lesson also highlighted the significance of theSilk Road in historical events and conflicts. The route was not always peaceful, and conflicts and wars often interrupted trade and cultural exchange. However, despite these challenges, the Silk Road continued to thrive as a symbol of cooperation and understanding between different nations and cultures.One of the most remarkable aspects of the Silk Road isits impact on modern-day globalization. The principles of open trade and cultural exchange that underpinned the Silk Road are still relevant today, as the world becomes increasingly interconnected. The Silk Road reminds us that globalization is not just about economic prosperity but also about cultural understanding and mutual respect.In conclusion, the Silk Road lesson was an eye-opening journey through history and culture. It taught me about the rich tapestry of traditions and customs that have been shaped by the exchange of goods and ideas along this ancient trade route. Moreover, it emphasized the importance of open trade and cultural exchange in fostering understanding and cooperation between different nations and cultures. As we move forward in an increasingly globalized world, the Silk Road reminds us of the power of mutual understanding and respect in building a peaceful and prosperous future.。
丝绸之路英语课文读后感
丝绸之路英语课文读后感The Silk Road is a historic trade route that connected the East and the West, enabling the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures between different civilizations. After reading the English text about the Silk Road, I am deeply impressed by the significance and impact of this ancient trade route.Firstly, the Silk Road played a crucial role in promoting economic development and cultural exchange. As the text mentions, the Silk Road was not only a pathway for the transportation of silk, but also served as a channel for the trade of various commodities such as spices, ceramics, and precious metals. This extensive trade network facilitated economic prosperity and contributed to the development of both the Eastern and Western civilizations. Moreover, the Silk Road served as a bridge for the exchange of ideas and religions, allowing Buddhism, Islam, and other belief systems to spread and flourish along its route. This cultural exchange not only enriched the diversity of different societies but also fostered mutual understanding and tolerance among different ethnic groups.Secondly, the Silk Road fostered diplomatic relations and political stability among nations. The text mentions that the Silk Road was not only a commercial route but also a pathway for diplomatic missions. Through diplomatic exchanges and interactions, different nations along the Silk Road established political alliances and maintained peace and stability in the region. The Silk Road promoted mutual trust and cooperation among nations, which contributed to the establishment of a harmonious and interconnected international community.Furthermore, the Silk Road facilitated technological advancements and scientific discoveries. As merchants traveled along the Silk Road, they not only traded goods but also exchanged knowledge and ideas. The introduction of new technologies and scientific concepts from different civilizations led to innovations in various fields such as agriculture, medicine, and astronomy. For example, the text mentions the introduction of papermaking from China to the West, which revolutionized the way information wasrecorded and disseminated. These technological advancements had a profound impact on the progress of human civilization.In addition to its historical significance, the Silk Road also holds great relevance in the present day. The revival of the Silk Road, known as the Belt and Road Initiative, proposed by China in 2013, aims to promote economic cooperation and cultural exchange among countries along the ancient Silk Road routes. This modern-day Silk Road initiative seeks to enhance connectivity and infrastructure development, fostering trade and investment opportunities between different nations. The Belt and Road Initiative not only carries on the legacy of the ancient Silk Road but also reflects the importance of connectivity and cooperation in the contemporary globalized world.In conclusion, the Silk Road was a remarkable trade route that connected civilizations, promoted economic development, cultural exchange, and technological advancements. Its historical significance and impact cannot be underestimated. The Silk Road serves as a testament to the power of trade, diplomacy, and cultural exchange in shaping the course of human history. As we continue to explore and learn from the lessons of the Silk Road, we can strive to build a more interconnected, prosperous, and harmonious world.。
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In the process of making the PPT of Chinese historical tales, we have consulted a number of references about this subject. When I want to know more about “Reforms of Shang Yang”, I found something unusual in one book.
It talks about why Shang Yang used to be named Wei Yang. Here, I’d like to tell a little bit of content. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wei Yang was studious, but he didn’t have opportunity to apply his knowledge in poor Wei(卫国)，so he went to Wei(魏国). However, Emperor Wei didn’t appreciate his talent although Gong Shucuo (公叔痤)recommended him to Emperor Wei repeatedly before Gong’s death. Hearing that Duke Xiao of Qin(秦孝公) was recruiting great talents, he went forward. Then, “Reforms of Shang Yang” was appeared. In addition, he was feoffed by Shang and people called him Shang Yang. Also, there were many from other nations were appreciated by Qin, such as Bai Lixi.
What I want to emphasis on here is not only the talent that Shang Yang owns, but also Qin’s policy that recruits talents from other nations. As we all know, developed countries attract talents. There are convincing examples that America attracts overseas personnel of high caliber through professional immigration policy, which is to create favorable condition for overseas men who own special ability. In addition, the EU, in order to make up for the lack
of professionals, carries out the “blue card” plan, which especially in competition with America. According to some statistics, a huge number of Chinese students overseas long stay in foreign countries. With the pressure of economic development, we need to make plans to face the challenge and draw good experience from foreign.
In 2008, “Thousand Talents Program” was successfully carried out. After 5 years, 2263 talents from foreign countries were introduced to China. And they can enjoy relatively nice working condition and life treatment. It reported by the Houston Chronicle in 2011, 4th that one recruiting combining with 37 Chinese colleges hosted a job fair in America and many people were attracted to be willing to work in China. Nearly 30 doctors teach in Beijing University; 10 overseas highly skilled professionals were recruited in Shanghai University and were offered 30 million of project funding.
Obviously, it is really important to learn historical experience. For a country, history is experience and useful lesson; for our individual, history is the motivation of study and also the best teacher. There are famous historical tales:Three Moves by Mencius' Mother, To Look at Plums to Quench Thirsty, Take Great Pains with One's Study, Sima Guang Smashed the Vat and so on. These stories give us precious historical experience of ancient
Chinese. As we look into the future, we can learn from our past---for history shows us that it can help us deal better with present affairs; learn Chinese culture and strength our national pride and confidence.。