高考英语必考点专题01名词高效演练含解析
2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题1-名词(高效演练)(含解析)
专题01名词——高效演练一．单句语法填空1．The__________ (possible)that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.【答案】possibility【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。
故填possibility。
2. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ （assume）you’ve made.【答案】assumption【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。
故选assumption 。
3.In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. 【答案】crowds【解析】考查名词。
crowd前没有冠词、指示代词和形容词性人称代词，故用复数形式。
4.But for tourists like me，pandas are its top ________(attract)．【答案】attraction【解析】句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说，大熊猫是最大的吸引。
形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。
考点01名词(核心考点精讲精练)-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(新高考专用)(教师版)
考点01 名词（核心考点精讲精练）1. 三年真题考点分布2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于名词的考查共计7次，主要考查：1．给出名词提示词，考查名词的数；2．给其他词性形式(通常为动词、形容词)提示词，填写名词；3. 名词所有格；4．名词的固定搭配。
【备考策略】熟练掌握名词单数变复数的基本规则，根据句意或主谓一致原则确定名词的数；明确形容词与名词、冠词与名词之间的修饰关系以及在句中所作成分，确定名词的恰当形式。
另外，在学习过程中，要注意一词多义和旧词新义。
【命题预测】语法填空对名词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点，主要集中在给出词根进行词类转化，根据习惯用法或固定短语确定名词，名词的复数形式，所有格形式的变化。
主谓一致一般会与名词、动词的时态和语态放在一起考查。
考点一、名词单数变复数的用法（1）名词变复数的规则一般情况下在词尾直接加-s mouth→mouths,house→houses 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词在词尾加-es glass→glasses,match→matches 以辅音字母+-y结尾的名词变y为i再加-es country→countries,factory→factories 以元音字母+-y结尾的名词在词尾直接加-s holiday→holidays,monkey→monkeys以o结尾的名词一般在词尾加-s piano→pianos,photo→photos 有些在词尾加-es hero→heroes,potato→potatoes以-f,-fe结尾的名词一般要变f或fe为v加-es self→selves,wolf→wolves 少数直接加-s roof→roofs,belief→beliefs单复数同形deer, sheep, Chinese, means(方式,方法), series, species词形变化man→men, woman→women, child→children, tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse→mice合成名词的复数将主体名词变为复数:passer-by→passers-by, looker-on→lookers-on 无主体名词时通常在最后一个词后加-s:grown-up→grown-ups, stand-by→standbys名词前有man/woman修饰man/woman和中心词都要变为复数形式。
高考英语语法精练及解析(名词之一).doc
高考英语语法精练及解析（名词之一）1. “Why couldn’t they meet us at five o’clock?” “Because they were delayed by _______.”A. heavy trafficB. heavy trafficsC. crowded trafficD. crowded traffics2. In fact, _______ one cause that leads to the problem.A. cattle isB. cattle areC. cattles areD. the cattles are3. By all ______, you must try every ______ to help him.A. mean, meanB. means, meansC. means, meanD. mean, means4. Jim is ______ person, and everyone is willing to be ______ with him.A. so kind a, friendsB. so a kind, friendsC. so kind a, friendD. so a kind, friend5. We already have ______ pencils, but we need two ______ pens.A. dozen of, dozenB. dozens of, dozensC. dozens of, dozenD. dozens of, dozen of6. ---May I take your order now?---We’d like three black _____ and two green ______.A. coffee, cups of teasB. coffees, teasC. cups of coffee, teaD. cup of coffees, teas7. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.A. rooms numberB. room numberC. room’s numbersD. room numbers8. ---Hello, I’d like to speak to Henry.---Oh, which _______? There are two ______ in our office.A. Henrys, HenrysB. Henries, HenriesC. Henry, HenrysD. Henrys, Henries9. Would it be possible to make an ______ in advance have my hair cut tomorrow?A. appointmentB. arrangementC. scheduleD. engagement10. The traditional _________ to dealing with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.A. approachB. meansC. methodD. way11. She fulfilled her ____ to become the first to run the 10,000 meters within 30 minutes.A. ambitionB. amusementC. appreciationD. assessment12. Don't be discouraged! After all, you can't succeed in everything at your first _______.A. adjustmentB. intervalC. effortD. attempt13. In order to change some companies' _______ towards hiring women college graduates, the government plansto pass a law.A. viewsB. rulesC. attitudesD. methods14. The journalist received honors and _______ for her excellent work.A. wordsB. newsC. giftsD. awards15. Not only the professional players, but also the _________ ones will benefit from the new training facilities.A. amateurB. talentedC. expertD. academic16. Poor health and lack of money may both be ________ to educational progress.A. bombsB. bordersC. bottomsD. barriers17. We'd like to trade with any country on a friendly and equal _________.A. basisB. basementC. baseD. basic18. ---John said he earned a big sum of money during the summer vacation.---Really? Don't you think his words are beyond _________?A. surpriseB. beliefC. imaginationD. understanding19. Since Mr. Jackson was made president of the research center, they have made a great ________ in the study ofthe disease.A. progressB. effortC. breakthroughD. contributionThe firefighter took a deep _______ before running into the fire, but with the house filled with smoke, he soon found it hard to _______.A. breathing; breathB. breathe; breathC. breathing; breatheD. breath; breathe21. Unwilling to _______ his children, the old couple moved to the nursing home.A. be burdened withB. be burdened byC. be a burden withD. be a burden on22. The criminal23. We can see clearly that violence on TV will have bad _______ on youngsters' behavior.A. causeB. influenceC. resultD. factor24. Don’t __________ chances by driving too fast.A. makeB. takeC. haveD. give25. The good ________ of this young man was seen at its best when be risked his life to save the boy from water.A. characterB. talentC. wealthD. influence26. What a(n) ________ I was thinking about Roy when his letter arrived!A. coincidenceB. accidentC. incidentD. chance27. A car had a head-on ________ with a truck on the highway yesterday, killing 2 and inuring 3.A. contestB. collisionC. conflictD. contrary29. Now medical authorities express their ________ about the effect of smoking on the health.A. considerationB. attentionC. beliefD. concern30. ---What conclusion will you _________?---I think most of the goods are of high quality.A. seeB. makeC. drawD. find31. Living _______ should be improved as they are out of ________.A. condition; conditionB. conditions; conditionsC. conditions; conditionD. condition; conditions32. There is always _________ between doing what you want to and doing what you ought to.A. contrastB. conflictC. conclusionD. confusion33. If you insist on carrying out this experiment you will have to answer for the ________.A. conclusionsB. coincidencesC. complimentsD. consequences34. You must take everything into _________ before you do a difficult task.A. considerB. consideringC. considerationD. considered35. The project under _______ in the city will be completed at the end of this month.A. controlB. constructionC. discussionD. repair36. David loves Julie but he can't get up enough ________ to ask her to marry him.A. courageB. virtueC. emotionD. strategy37. ---How much must I pay for the ________?---They ordered you to pay 500 ________ to the restaurant.A. damage; damageB. damages; damagesC. damage; damagesD. damages; damage38. The new application program can keep you with timely information from the Internet.A. in fashionB. out of fashionC. up to dateD. out of date39. I know teachers are _______ in Western China and I ______ going to the west to teach after graduation.A. in use; feel likeB. in need; hope forC. in demand; dream ofD. in short; am fond of40. ---Where would you like to have your dinner, in a French restaurant or in a Chinese one?---It makes _______ to me as long as we can chat while having dinner.A. no differenceB. no senseC. much differenceD. much sense41. Make sure you read the _____ before using any piece of electric equipment.A. conditionsB. directionsC. situationsD. applications42. Do you know the man _________ wearing a blue jacket?A. in the distanceB. at a distanceC. out of sightD. in the sight43. There was no ______ in her mind that Rick was innocent of Coughlin's murder.A. wonderB. needC. pointD. doubt44. The conference was held to discuss the effect that tourism has _____ the wildlife in the area.A. inB. onC. atD. with45. An ambulance must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of ________.A. dangerB. emergencyC. riskD. edge高考英语语法精练及解析（名词之一）解析1.【解析】答案为A。
高考英语真题分类汇编专题01词、短语辨析(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词)(含解析)
专题1词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）1.【2016·江苏】24. ________ —Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life? —Living every day to the full, definitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD. receipt【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。
名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt 收据，收条；句意：—你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？—当然是尽情享受每一天。
根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。
考点：考查名词辨析2.【2016·江苏】25. He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.A.approachB. wrestleC. compromiseD. communicate【答案】C考点：考查动词词义辨析3.【2016·江苏】30.Many businesses started up by college students have________thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation.A.fallen offB. taken offC. turned offD. left off【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。
短语fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；句意：由于良好的创业环境，很多大学生创办的生意都很成功。
根据句意可知B正确。
考点：考查动词短语辨析4.【2016·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on whatbasis, data are collected.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. originalD. arbitrary【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析。
高考英语一轮复习小题狂练：专题01 名词(解析版)(新高考版)
专题01 名词养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
A．new species B．a new species C．a new specy D．a new specie【答案】B【详解】考查名词的数。
句意：据报道，在巴西的雨林中发现了一个新的物种。
spec ies“物种”单复数同形，根据助动词has可知，主语为单数。
故选B。
2．________is very important in our everyday life.A．Greet B．Greeting C．Greetings D．Greets【答案】B【详解】考查名词。
句意：问候在我们的日常生活中是非常重要的。
此处作主语，表示“问候”应用名词greeting，根据后文is可知用单数。
故选B。
3．________ are kept on the firm for their meat or milk.A．200 head cattle B．200 head of cattleC．200 head cattles D．200 heads of cattle【答案】B【详解】考查名词。
句意：该公司饲养了200头牛以获取肉或奶。
表示牲畜的头数，用单位词head，单复数同形，cattle“牛”是集体名词，单复数同形，200 head of cattle表示“200头牛”。
高考英语最新名词知识点知识点总复习含答案解析(1)
高考英语最新名词知识点知识点总复习含答案解析(1)一、选择题1．He has been spreading false stories in a(n)____________to smear(诽谤)us.A．attempt B．programme C．intention D．dream2．He stood at the water’s ____________ and looked across the lake.A．edge B．course C．exit3．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________. A．discount B．dictation C．favor4．If you want to get a good ___________, you’d better stand on the top of the hill.A．sight B．sceneC．look D．view5．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster6．The two neighbouring countries reached a（an） ______ on their boundary problem eventually.A．Accumulation.B．compensation C．accommodation D．ambition7．All children should be encouraged to realize their full __________.A．impact B．recognition C．potential D．program 8．They lived in a backward part of the country, with no electricity, paved roads or easy ______ to safe drinking water.A．lack B．guarantee C．remedy D．access9．Being a soldier, he has a strong sense of ________.A．desire B．discipline C．force D．privacy 10．Mr. Li Jiacheng is considered one of the most successful businessmen in the world. And, he regards himself as the ________ of the times.A．instructor B．expert C．favorite D．admirer 11．Nearly a year after his____________ from prison, he was still unable to sleep properly. A．expedition B．transformation C．link D．release12．Lulu grew up in the ____________ of her high-performing sister, Sophia.A．protection B．gesture C．shadow13．Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out the____________.A．method B．experiment.C．warning D．effect 14．American English has so many_________because the American people have come from all over the world.A．grammar B．vocabulary C．pronunciations D．dialects 15．China is a racially mixed country, in which various ethnic(民族) groups bring their own unique flavors to each corner of the country, which adds ________ people's table.A．to great variety of B．great variety toC．to a great variety of D．the great variety to16．Jane is nice but she has a ______ to talk too much.A．trend B．tendency C．tension D．threat17．Letting virtual assistants, such as Amazon's Alexa, take care of your home is a(n) _________ for disaster to some, because AI-infused systems may demonstrate unpredictable behaviors that can be disruptive, confusing, offensive, and even dangerous.A．topic B．shortcut C．cure D．recipe 18．Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their____________ to push the boundaries of human achievement.A．intelligence B．influences C．impression D．attempts19．A _______ will be paid to anyone who brings back the money Mr. Brown lost,according to the advertisement.A．price B．profit C．reward D．salary 20．—Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes?— Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.A．feature B．plan C．cost D．trick 21．Training of the employees was suggested as one _____ to dealing with the problem of low efficiency.A．method B．wayC．approach D．means22．It is a great____________ for our country to hold the 2022 Winter Olympic.A．signal B．function C．honor D．agreement 23．They are building the dam in _____ with another firm.A．comparison B．association C．touch D．tune24．Last month L.A．declared a________of emergency as protests over killing of Geroge Floyd a black man turned violent.A．state B．condition C．situation D．circumstance 25．How much does it cost to put satellite into____________？A．gas B．orbit C．chemicals D．vapors【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．A解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍专题01名词和冠词(含解析)
专题01 名词和冠词近几年高考单项填空中单独考查名词的题目相对较少，多与冠词一起进行考查，但完形填空中对名词的考查一直是重点，且考查范围较广。
其命题趋势仍将是：在不同语言环境中去识别词义，进行词义辨析，是高考考查的重点。
因此，考生不仅要弄清词义，而且也要把握好语言环境，在单项填空、完形填空中这类试题会继续出现。
建议考生在复习中注意名词的词义辨析。
冠词是历年高考英语试题中的常考点。
主要考查在理解冠词基本含义的基础上，在具体语境下的冠词的运用，主要包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。
热点题型一名词的数例1、Games, often seen as________activity for children, are still importantin________development of teenagers.B. an; theA. the; theD. the; 不填C. an; 不填【答案】B【提分秘籍】名词分为可数名词与不可数名词。
1．可数名词的复数(1)可数名词变复数一般都是直接加s；词尾若是s，x，ch，sh，在词尾加esdesk→desks；dish→dishes stomach的复数形式是stomachs(2)以”辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，要变y为i再加esstudy→studies(3)以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为vesleaf→leaves(4)以字母o结尾的名词，多数加spiano→pianos(5)单、复数同形sheep；deer(6)单、复数都要加s的名词works(工厂)；means(方法)有一些例外情况：(1)巧记以o结尾加es的名词：黑人英雄吃西红柿和马铃薯。
(即Negro，hero，tomato和potato四个词) (2)巧记以f或fe结尾的名词在变复数时直接加s：海湾(gulf)里的首领(chief)只相信(belief)放在屋顶(roof)保险箱(safe)里的证据(proof)。
高考英语语法填空抢分热点精选精练：名词(含高考真题)(解析版)
高考语法填空抢分热点之名词养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
一、考点精讲名词的考点包括名词的单复数、不可数名词和名词所有格，尤其是名词复数更为常见。
1. 掌握名词复数的变化规则，尤其一些不规则的变化。
例如：human（人）—humans；German （德国人）—Germans；Roman（罗马人）—Romans；ox（公牛）—oxen；passer-by（过路人）—passers-by；grown-up（成年人）—grown-ups；stomach（胃）—stomachs；roof（屋顶）—roofs。
2. 不可数名词无复数形式，作主语谓语动词用单数第三人称。
例如：The food is terrible.（食物很糟糕。
）3. 单数名词后面加’变成名词所有格，以s结尾的名词变所有格时只加’。
例如：It’s two hours’ walk.（它是两小时的路程。
）二、高考题经典解读1.（2023年新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the ___56___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ____57___ (confidence) speaking English.【答案】56. arrival；57. confident【解析】56.考查名词。
句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。
2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题1-名词(高效演练)(含解析)
专题01名词——高效演练一．单句语法填空1．The__________ (possible)that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.【答案】possibility【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。
故填possibility。
2. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ （assume）you’ve made.【答案】assumption【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。
故选assumption 。
3.In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.【答案】crowds【解析】考查名词。
crowd前没有冠词、指示代词和形容词性人称代词，故用复数形式。
4.But for tourists like me，pandas are its top ________(attract)．【答案】attraction【解析】句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说，大熊猫是最大的吸引。
形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。
2019年高考英语语法必考考点1名词含解析.docx
2019 年高考英语语法必考考点（1）：名词含解析【考点解读】研究近年来高考题我们不难看出，名词部分主要考察名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配、名词的数 ( 可数与不可数、单数与复数 ) 、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、词性转换、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。
在高考试题中，名词常结合其他项目一起考察，考察题型以短文改错、完形填空、语篇中的名词词义理解、单项选择、及写作部分等。
对名词的考察一般放在名词词义辨析（特别是同义词和近义词的辨析）、名词的习惯用法、一词多义、抽象名词具体化、词性转换、名词动用等方面。
1、对同义词、近义词的考查如： At the meeting they discussed three different _______ to the study of mathematics.A. approachesB. meansC. methodsD. ways【答案】 D。
【解析】在会议上他们讨论了三种不同的学习数学的方法。
way 意为“方式，方法”，可指具体的方法，也可指抽象的方法，多指一般的思想、行动、办事的方法，也可指个人特殊的方式、方法。
approach意为“接近，靠近，方式，方法”，指接近某人或某事，也可指对待或处理事情的方式或方法。
mean意为“方式，方法”，用于抽象意义，可指为达到某一目的而采用的方法、计划、政策、策略等，尤指整套方法; 用于具体意义，常指为达到某一目的所使用的工具、材料、机器、用具、车船等。
method 意为“方式，方法”，指具体的、系统的、有步骤的方法，强调条理性及高效率。
【点睛】面对英语学习中的大量近义词，仅凭母语我们往往无法把它们真正理解和解释清楚。
要尽可能地多翻阅英语词典，注意并比较它们的基本义，用英语的思维方式和语言来解释和理解它们。
2、对相似词的考查如： Always read the _______ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationsB. instructionsC. descriptionsD. introductions【答案】 B。
第01章名词高中高考英语知识汇总（真题+解析+教程+练习+答案）
第01章名词⾼中⾼考英语知识汇总（真题+解析+教程+练习+答案）第⼀章名词第⼀节真题精析1. The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a_______ of 60 miles.【2004全国IV】A. lengthB. distanceC. wayD. space2. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s . 【2004天津】A. reachB. handC. holdD. place3. The environmentalists and wild goats’ _________ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.【2004上海】A. escapeB. absenceC. attendanceD. appearance4. In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the _____ in personality. 【2004上海】A. contactB. contrastC. connectionD. conflict5. Chinese arts have won the _________ of a lot of people outside China.【2004上海】A. enjoymentB. appreciationC. entertainmentD. reputation6. “I don’t think it’s my that the TV blew up . I just turned it on , that’s all ,” sai d the boy . 【2003上海】A．error B．mistake C．fault D．duty7. —I’m sorry I stepped outside for a smoke. I was very tired.—There is no ____for this while you are on duty. 【2003北京】A. reasonB. excuseC. causeD. explanation8. The manager has got a good business _________ so the company is doing well. 【2003北京】A. ideaB. senseC. thoughtD. thinking9. To regain their after an exhausting game , the players lay in the grass. 【2002上海】A. forceB. energyC. powerD. health10.According to the recent research , heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily and effect. 【2002上海】A. reasonB. impactC. factD. cause11.Every new has the possibility of making or losing money. 【2002上海】A. eventB. ventureC. adventureD. expectation12. As a result of destroying the forests , a large of desert covered the land. 【2001上海】A. number…hasB. quantity… hasC. number… haveD. quantity…have13. In the botanic garden we can find a (n) of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers. 【2001上海】A.speciesB. groupC. amountD. variety14. ---- Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?---- No, it’s out of . 【2001上海】A. rangeB. reachC. controlD. distance15. The life of London is made up of many different . 【2001上海】A. elementsB. sectionsC. materialsD. realities16. You'll find this map of great _____ in helping you to get round London. 【NMET1998】A. priceB. costC. valueD. usefulness17. If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a _______.【NMET1997】A. messageB. letterC. sentenceD. notice18. I'll look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little. 【NMET1996】A. waitB. timeC. patienceD. rest19. He gained his by printing of famous writers. 【NMET1995】A. wealth; workB. wealths worksC. wealths; workD. wealth; works20. Here's my card. Let's keep in ______. 【MET1994】A. touchB. relationC. connectionD. friendship【答案与解析】1. B 该题考查名词的辨析。
2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题1-名词(精讲深剖)(含解析)
专题01 名词I.单句语法填空1.（2019・全国卷I）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ______ (believe) that populations are increasing.【答案】belief【解析】考查名词。
根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。
2.（2019・全国卷III)When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete)to watch，together with the story behind it.【答案】competition【解析】考查名词。
由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。
故填competition。
3.（2019・浙江卷)Other American studies showed no ______(connect) between uniforms and school performance. 【答案】connection/connections【解析】考查名词。
句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。
no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。
connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。
故填connection/connections。
4.（2018·6月浙江高考）Making Chinese ( dish)is seen as especially troublesome.【答案】dishes【解析】考查名词单复数。
高考英语真题分类汇编专题01词、短语辨析名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词含解析
专题 1 词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）1. 【 2016·江苏】 24. ________ — Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?— Living every day to the full, definitely.A.recipeB. recordC. rangeD.receipt【答案】 A【分析】试题剖析：考察名词词义辨析。
名词 recipe诀要，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收据；句意：—你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的奥密吗？—自然是尽兴享受每天。
依据句意可知 A 项意为“诀要” ，与上下文符合。
考点：考察名词辨析2. 【 2016·江苏】 25. He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructiveadvice for a worthy cause.B. wrestleC. compromiseD. communicate【答案】C考点：考察动词词义辨析3. 【 2016·江苏】 30.Many businesses started up by college students have________thanksto the comfortable climatefor business creation.A.fallen offB. taken offC. turned offD. left off【答案】B【分析】试题剖析：考察动词短语辨析。
短语fall off跌落，降落；take off腾飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off封闭；leave off停止，中止；句意：因为优秀的创业环境，好多大学生创立的买卖都很成功。
依据句意可知 B 正确。
考点：考察动词短语辨析4.【2016 ·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statementsof how, and on whatbasis, data are collected.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. originalD.arbitrary【答案】A【分析】试题剖析：考察形容词词义辨析。
高考英语必考语法点精讲精练：名词(含高考真题)
Ⅰ
名词（Nouns）
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考
，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能 不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是 本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的超实用新高考英语专题复习讲义希望可以帮 助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
（1）可数名词的复数形式
b）不规则变化 ⑧woman, man作定语 woman, man作定语时，要与被修饰的名词的数一致。 e.g.: a man servant—men servants, a woman do⑨不同国家的人的单复数
名称
总称(谓语用复数)
（1）可数名词的复数形式
b）不规则变化 ① child (children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men), woman (women), mouse (mice),
goose (geese), Englishman (Englishmen), ox (oxen), phenomenon (phenomena), bacterium – bacteria; criterion -- criteria 标准，尺度；medium--media/mediums媒介 … ②单复数同形：sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, fish（同一种鱼）， means 方法 series系 列 works工厂 species类别，物种
animals such as apes and monkeys.
专题要点：
名词在高考中占有重要地位，从历年的高考中可以看出， 各省市试卷几乎都涉及到对名词的考查。涉及的内容主要有： 抽象名词具体化、名词的可数与不可数问题、名词作定语、 名词所有格、名词词义辨析以及常见名词的固定搭配等。此 外，还涉及很多冠词与名词共同考查的问题。冠词与名词有 三种表现形式：即定冠词与单数可数名词可表示类指；不定 冠词与单数可数名词也可表示类指；零冠词与可数名词的复 数表示类指。
备战2022年高考英语精选考点突破01名词 (解析版)
专题01名词备战2022年高考英语精选考点专项突破一、基础达标训练1．The friends you make are often a ________ (reflect) of your personality.【答案】reflection【详解】考查名词。
句意：你所交的朋友往往反映了你的个性。
根据句意及单词提示可知，这里应用名词reflection。
a reflection of为固定短语，意为“......的反应。
故填reflection。
2．Some insects take on the color of their ________ (surround) to protect themselves.【答案】surroundings【详解】考查名词。
句意：有些昆虫伪装成周围环境的颜色来保护自己。
空处作宾语，表示“环境”应用名词surrounding，表示“环境”时常用复数形式。
故填surroundings。
3．While the video clip(片段) might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show ________ (generous) and sympathy.【答案】generosity【详解】考查名词。
句意：布里奇斯说，虽然这段视频看起来像是一个新的广告宣传活动的一部分，但其唯一目的是为了表现慷慨和同情。
分析可知，此处应用不可数名词generosity作show的宾语。
故填generosity。
4．It quickens the ________ (transport) of food.【答案】transportation/transport【详解】考查名词。
句意：它加快了食物的运输。
空处作宾语，表示“运输”应填名词transportation或transport，表抽象概念，不可数。
高考英语语法专题演练：名词01 Word版含答案
名词专题演练一1．“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire！” the mother shouted, with ________ clearly in her voice.A. angerB. rudenessC. regretD. panic[解析]本题考查名词辨析。
句意：“汤米，快跑！快点儿！房子着火了！”妈妈大喊，嗓音中明显带着恐慌。
A项意为“怒气”；B项意为“粗鲁”；C项意为“遗憾”；D项意为“恐慌”。
根据当时所处环境可知妈妈应该是惊慌失措。
[答案]D2．There's a ________ in our office that when it's somebody's birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A. traditionB. balanceC. concernD. relationship[解析]本题考查名词辨析。
句意：我们办公室有一个惯例，当有人过生日时，他们要带来一个蛋糕供我们大家分享。
tradition 惯例，传统；balance 平衡；concern 关心；relationship 关系。
根据句意，A项正确。
[答案]A3．The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major ________ of global climate change.A. resultB. causeC. warningD. reflection[解析]本题考查名词辨析。
句意：公众中缺乏不损害生态环境的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。
result 结果；cause 起因；warning 警告，告诫；reflection 反映。
由句意可知B项正确。
[答案]B4．What's the ________，in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn't make an effort to help himself?A. sympathyB. themeC. objectD. point[解析]本题考查名词辨析。
高考英语必考语法精讲精练专题一：名词 Word版含解析
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题一：名词名词是英语中非常重要的一类词，也是高考必考内容之一。
《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对名词考查列了四项：①可数名词及其单复数②不可数名词③专有名词④名词所有格。
纵观历年高考试题，试题中出现的考点主要有：可数名词的单复数形式、名词的所有格的构成及应用、不可数名词的辨认、名词的功能、名词辨义、名词与其他词类之间的转换等。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第65题（语法填空）考查的是可数名词单复数，括号里给出painting，结合题意要将其变成paintings；第77题（短文改错）考查的是不可数名词air，原文给出的是airs，要求考生将其改成air。
而在完形填空中，有7题（总共20小题）是考查名词词义以及对语境的理解。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第61题（语法填空）考查的是词性转换，括号里给出的是动词attract，根据题意要将其改成名词attraction；第69题（语法填空）考查的是可数名词单复数，括号里给出day，结合题意要将其变成复数形式days；第74题考查的是词性转换，题目中给的是形容词honest，根据题意需要将其改为名词honesty。
而在完形填空中，有4题（总共20小题）是考查名词词义以及对语境的理解。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ第62题（语法填空）考查的是可数名词单复数，括号里给出effect，结合题意要将其变成effects，构成side effects（副作用）；第75题（短文改错）考查的是可数名词单复数，原句中给出的是word，结合题意要将其变成words。
而在完形填空中，有5题（总共20小题）是考查名词词义以及对语境的理解。
1. 规则可数名词的复数形式：一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。
现将构成方法列表如下：III. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
所有格分三种：一是名词词尾加’s 构成，多表示有生命的东西；二是由介词of加名词构成，多表示无生命的东西；三是双重所有格。
高考英语 重点 难点 核心考点全演练 专题01 名词
专题01 名词2014年高考对名词词义辨析以及习惯搭配用法的考查将仍然是重点。
名词除了独立考查其词义辨析外，还常结合其他项目一起考查，题型以单项填空、短文改错、完形填空及单词拼写等形式出现，考查要点主要包括：1．考查名词词义辨析和习惯搭配。
名词词义辨析包括同义词辨析、近义词辨析、同形词辨析和不同词义的名词在语境中的辨析。
另外，高考还考查容易混淆的名词的辨形、辨义以及名词的惯用法等。
2．考查名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)、名词所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。
3．考查名词的“旧词新意”和“名词动化”现象。
这种现象主要以隐形考查的方式出现在阅读理解和完形填空试题中。
如：shelter n．庇护，避难所→vt.保护，躲避，避难； storm n. 暴风雨，大动荡→vi.&vt.横冲直撞，猛攻； shoulder n. 肩，肩膀，肩部→vt.肩负，承担； trail n．小径，痕迹→vt.追踪。
一、名词词义辨析同义词、近义词甚至是形近词有着不同的含义和适用场合，要特别注意在特定语境中准确运用词汇和语法知识的能力。
平时要努力扩大词汇量，做题时要深入理解语境，整体把握，结合句意作出最佳选择。
二、名词固定搭配高考中常常借助名词的固定搭配在具体语境中的运用考查名词。
解答此类试题，不仅要掌握名词的意义，体会语境，还要牢记常用的名词固定搭配。
如：have/gain access to得以进入/会见/接近；tak e advantage of利用，趁……之机；make fun of取笑，嘲弄等。
三、抽象名词具体化抽象名词是表示状态、品质、情感等而没有实物的名词。
抽象名词具体化后变成可数名词，前面可加不定冠词，用来强调其具体表现形式或表示某一次短暂的动作，常意为“一次……的事情；一个……的人；一种……的东西”。
如：抽象名词具体意义success成功 a success成功的人或事failure失败 a failure失败的人或事pleasure乐趣 a pleasure令人高兴的事pity同情 a pity令人遗憾的事relief宽慰 a relief令人宽慰的事beauty美，美丽 a beauty美人surprise惊奇；吃惊 a surprise一件意外的事concern关心 a concern一件令人关切的事四、名词作定语名词作定语一般用单数形式，如a mountain village, stone houses, coffee cup，但man和woman 作定语时要随着所修饰的名词的数的变化而变化。
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专题01名词——高效演练一．单句语法填空1．The__________ (possible)that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.【答案】possibility【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。
故填possibility。
2. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ （assume）you’ve made.【答案】assumption【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。
故选assumption 。
3.In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.【答案】crowds【解析】考查名词。
crowd前没有冠词、指示代词和形容词性人称代词，故用复数形式。
4.But for tourists like me，pandas are its top ________(attract)．【答案】attraction【解析】句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说，大熊猫是最大的吸引。
形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。
5.The nursery team switches him every few ________(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed...【答案】days【解析】句意：护理团队每隔几天就把他和他的妹妹互换一下，这样当他们中的一个在被人工喂养的时候……。
every few days“每隔几天”。
6．Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________(achieve)．【答案】achievement【解析】句意：然后，首先处理最重要的任务，那么你会感到真正意义上的成就。
介词of后应用名词作宾语。
7．Recent ________(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly．【答案】studies【解析】句意：最近的研究显示如果我们有规律地进行短暂的休息的话，我们工作的效率会更高。
study“研究”为可数名词，本句的谓语动词为show，说明主语应用名词复数studies。
8．Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the ________ (develop)of chopsticks.【答案】development【解析】句意：一些人认为大约生活于公元前551年到479年间的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。
根据空格前的the可知，所填词应用名词形式。
故填development。
9．Any smell might attract natural ________(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda. 【答案】enemies【解析】句意：任何气味都有可能吸引自然界中那些想要吃掉熊猫宝宝的敌人。
根据常识可知，此处表示“吸引了自然界中的敌人”，故填可数名词enemy的复数形式。
10．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late ________(pay)may affect your credit.【答案】payments【解析】句意：准时付电费很重要，因为支付晚了会影响你的信用。
前面有形容词late修饰，此处应用名词形式，payment可用作可数名词，所以用复数形式。
11．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _______ _(different)unite，rather than divide us.【答案】differences【解析】句意：当我们学会“求同存异”，而不是“分崩离析”的时候，我们就能获得很多。
物主代词our 后面接名词，这里是指“我们的差异”，所以用复数形式。
12.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____（identical） when he went to carry out the secret task.【答案】identity【解析】句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。
根据空格前是形容词性所有格his可知，其后应该用名词。
故填identity。
13.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ （think）and then let me know. 【答案】thought【解析】句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我。
这里指让对方再好好想想。
根据空格前有some，故填名词thought。
14.—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.—I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______（apology） .【答案】apologies【解析】句意：—Dave，去跟你的妈妈道歉。
—我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。
英语中，给别人的祝贺（congratulations）、祝福（wishes）、感谢（thanks）、道歉（apologies）和问候（greetings）等都要用复数形式。
故填apologies。
15.Some schools will have to make ______（adjustment） in agreement with the national soccer reform. 【答案】adjustments【解析】句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。
根据空格前没有指示代词、形容词性所有格和冠词可知，此处用复数形式。
故adjustments。
16. One of the most effective ways to reduce （stressful） is to talk about feeling with someone you trust.【答案】stress【解析】句意：减少压力的最有效的方法之一是和你信任的人谈谈你的想法。
reduce做“减少”时是及物动词，其后接宾语，故用名词形式stress。
17.She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful （symbolic） in lastyear's election.【答案】symbol【解析】考查名词。
根据空格前有冠词a和形容词powerful可知此处填名词symbol。
句意：虽然两年前就已遭软禁，她在去年的选举中仍然是势力强大的代表人物。
故填symbol。
18.Wind is now the world’s fastest growing ________ （sourced）of power.【答案】source【解析】考查的是名词。
根据空格前有the world's fastest growing可知此处应该填名词。
句义：风力是现在世界上增长速度最快的电力来源。
根据句义可知source of power指电力来源。
故填source。
19. We most prefer to say yes to the ______ （request）of someone we know and like.【答案】requests【解析】考查名词。
根据空格前有the可知此处应该用名词，又根据空格后的of someone可知此处用复数形式。
句意：我们更喜欢同意那些我们了解和喜欢的人的请求。
故填requests 。
20．Health care workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their ________（expose） to patients.【答案】exposure【解析】考查名词。
句意：医护人员因接触病人而有被感染的风险。
根据空格前有their这个形容词性物主动词，故填名词exposure。
21．If you want to see a doctor，you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is a common ________(practical) in the USA.【答案】practice【解析】考查名词。
根据空格前有a common,故填名词形式practice 。
句意为：如果你想去看医生，你要提前和他约定日期。
那在美国是一种惯例。
common practice意为“普遍的做法，惯例”。
22．In 2013，Beijing adopted an emergency ____(respond) program for air pollution.【答案】response【解析】考查名词。
根据空格前有冠词an和名词emergency，故填名词形式response。
句意为：在2013年，北京通过了空气污染应急响应计划。
emergency response应急响应。
23．Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team.But this time there is a ________(except).【答案】exception【解析】考查名词。