科技英语阅读与翻译(李健)第五单元
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Han称自己属于那种触觉很强的人。某天当他看着一整杯水的时候，他意识到了这一效应。
He noticed how crisply his fingerprint on the outside of the glass appeared when viewed through the water at a steep angle.
但直到2000年左右，Han才在纽约大学开始了克服这一技术最困难的障碍之旅：实现精细分辨率的指尖传感（有
道）。
The solution required both hardware and software innovations.
解决方案需要硬件和软件两方面的创新。
6
Perhaps most fundamental was exploiting an optical effect known as frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR), which is also used in fingerprint-recognition equipment.
5
早期的，初步的
Rudimentary work on multi-touch interfaces dates to the early 1980s, according to Bill
Buxton, a principal researcher at Microsoft Research.
据微软研究（Microsoft Research）的首席研究员比尔·巴克斯顿所言，多点触控界面的早期研究要追溯到上世纪
Computer Technology
Hands-on Computing: How Multi-touch Screens
Could Change the Way We Interact with Computers
and Each Other
组别：第五组
汇报人：1-3—xx
4-6—xx
7-9—xx
2：4～6 paragraphs
xxx
4
Several early adopters have purchased complete systems, including intelligence agencies that need to quickly compare geographically coordinated surveillance images in their war rooms.
Looking ahead, Han expects the technology to find a home in graphically intense businesses such as energy trading and medical imaging.
展望未来，韩预计这项技术将在能源交易和医疗成像等图形密集型业务中找到立足之地（有道）。
他设想一个电子系统能够以光学地方式追踪清晰电脑显示屏幕表面上留下的指纹。
Thus began his six-year absorption with multi-touch interfaces.
就此，Han开始了他在多点触控界面六年的专注研究。
3：7～9 paragraphs
xxx
07
He first considered building a very high resolution version of the singletouch screens used in automated teller machines and kiosks, which typically sense the electrical capacitance of a finger touching predefined points on the screen. But tracking a randomly moving finger would have required an insane amount of wiring behind the screen, which also would have limited the screen’s functionality. Han ultimately devised a rectangular sheet of clear acrylic that acts like a waveguide, essentially a pipe for light waves. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) around the edges pump infrared light into the sheet.
或许大多数的多点控技术的（结合上文）基本原理是利用一种我们称之为受抑全内反射（百度）的光学效应，这一 效应也同样应用于指纹识别设备。
Han, who describes himself as “a very tactile person,” became aware of the effect one day when he was looking through a full glass of water.
10-12xx
13-15xx
16-18xx
19-21xx
1：1～3 paragraphs
xxx
When Apple’s iPhone hit the streets（原意，上街 此处为 hit the shops/stores 指（新商品等）上市） last year,it introduced （ 介 绍 ， 翻 译 为 推 出 ， 新 产 品 上 市 ） socalled（所谓的） multi-touch screens to the general public. Image on the screen can be moved around（四处走走） with a fingertip and made bigger or smaller by placing two fingertips on the image’s edge;s and then either spreading those fingers apart or bringing them closer together. The tactile pleasure the interface provides beyond its utility quickly brought it accolades.The operations felt intuitive,even sensuous. But in laboratories around the world at the time of the iPhone’s launch ,multi-touch screens had vastly outgrown two-finger commands. Engineers have developed much larger screens that respond to 10 fingers at once,even to multiple people.
很容易想象摄影师，平面设计师或建筑师 这些必须操纵大量视觉材料并且经常在团 队中工作的专业人员会欢迎这种多点触控 计算。然而，该技术已经已经应用于更广 的范围，在这种情况下，任何没有经过任 何培训的人都可以在头脑风暴会议期间联 系并移动或标记对象和计划。
Jeff Han,a consulting computer scientist at New York University and founder of Perceptive Pixel in New York City,is at the forefront（第一线）of multi-touch technology.Walking into his company’s lobby ,one is greeted by a three-by-eight-foot flat screen.Han ssteps up to the electronic wall and unleashes a world of images using nothingbut the touch of his fingers.As many as 10or more video feeds can run simultaneຫໍສະໝຸດ Baiduusly,and there is no toolbar in sight. When Han wants the display to access different files he taps it twice,bringing up charts or menus that can also br tapped.
他注意到当从一个非常倾斜的角度透过水观察时，玻璃杯壁上他的指纹是如此的轮廓分明。
He imagined that an electronic system could optically track fingertips placed on the face of a clear computer monitor.
当苹果的iPhone去年上市时，它向大众推出了 所谓的多点触控式显示屏。屏幕上的图像可以 用指尖移动，通过在图像的边缘放置两个指尖， 然后将这些手指分开或将它们拉近，使其变大 或变小。界面提供的超出其实用性的触控乐趣 很快就获得了赞誉。操作感觉直观，甚至感性。 但是在iPhone推出时，全世界的实验室中，多 点触控屏幕已经远远超出了双指命令。工程师 已经开发出更大的屏幕，可以同时响应10个手 指，甚至可以响应多个人。
纽约大学咨询计算机科学家，纽约市 Perceptive Pixel的创始人杰夫·汉（Jeff Han） 处于多点触控技术的最前沿。走进他公司的 大厅，一个三英尺八英尺的平面电视迎着一 个人。韩立踏上电子墙，用手指触摸，释放 出一个充满图像的世界。可以同时运行多达 10个或更多的视频源，并且看不到工具栏。 当韩希望显示器访问不同的文件时，他会点 击两次，打开也可以点击的图表或菜单。
It is easy to imagine how photographers ,graphic designers or architects—professionals who must manipulate lots of visual material and who often work in teams — would welcome this multi-touch computing.Yet the technology is already is already is already being applied in more far-flung situations in which anyone without any training can reach out （伸出、伸手、触及） during a brainstorming session and move or mark up objects and plans.
美国有线电视新闻网（Cable News Network）的新闻节目主持人在总统初选报道的新闻中使用了一个庞大的感知像 素系统(屏幕），大胆地显示出美国50个州(的初选情况);为预测选举结果，站在屏幕前面的主持人竟然能够仅仅通 过在（屏幕上的）地图上移动他们的手指就能够放大和缩小地图至州甚至是县的范围。
一些早期的采用者已经购买了完整的系统，包括情报机构，他们需要快速比较战场上地理位置协调的监控图像。
News anchors on CNN used a big Perceptive Pixel system during coverage of the presidential primaries that boldly displayed all 50 U.S. states; to depict voting results, the anchors, standing in front of the screen, dramatically zoomed in and out of states, even counties, simply by moving their fingers across the map.
80年代初。
高分辨率，高清晰度
But around 2000, at NYU, Han began a journey to overcome one of the technology’s toughest hurdles: achieving fine-resolution fingertip sensing.
He noticed how crisply his fingerprint on the outside of the glass appeared when viewed through the water at a steep angle.
但直到2000年左右，Han才在纽约大学开始了克服这一技术最困难的障碍之旅：实现精细分辨率的指尖传感（有
道）。
The solution required both hardware and software innovations.
解决方案需要硬件和软件两方面的创新。
6
Perhaps most fundamental was exploiting an optical effect known as frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR), which is also used in fingerprint-recognition equipment.
5
早期的，初步的
Rudimentary work on multi-touch interfaces dates to the early 1980s, according to Bill
Buxton, a principal researcher at Microsoft Research.
据微软研究（Microsoft Research）的首席研究员比尔·巴克斯顿所言，多点触控界面的早期研究要追溯到上世纪
Computer Technology
Hands-on Computing: How Multi-touch Screens
Could Change the Way We Interact with Computers
and Each Other
组别：第五组
汇报人：1-3—xx
4-6—xx
7-9—xx
2：4～6 paragraphs
xxx
4
Several early adopters have purchased complete systems, including intelligence agencies that need to quickly compare geographically coordinated surveillance images in their war rooms.
Looking ahead, Han expects the technology to find a home in graphically intense businesses such as energy trading and medical imaging.
展望未来，韩预计这项技术将在能源交易和医疗成像等图形密集型业务中找到立足之地（有道）。
他设想一个电子系统能够以光学地方式追踪清晰电脑显示屏幕表面上留下的指纹。
Thus began his six-year absorption with multi-touch interfaces.
就此，Han开始了他在多点触控界面六年的专注研究。
3：7～9 paragraphs
xxx
07
He first considered building a very high resolution version of the singletouch screens used in automated teller machines and kiosks, which typically sense the electrical capacitance of a finger touching predefined points on the screen. But tracking a randomly moving finger would have required an insane amount of wiring behind the screen, which also would have limited the screen’s functionality. Han ultimately devised a rectangular sheet of clear acrylic that acts like a waveguide, essentially a pipe for light waves. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) around the edges pump infrared light into the sheet.
或许大多数的多点控技术的（结合上文）基本原理是利用一种我们称之为受抑全内反射（百度）的光学效应，这一 效应也同样应用于指纹识别设备。
Han, who describes himself as “a very tactile person,” became aware of the effect one day when he was looking through a full glass of water.
10-12xx
13-15xx
16-18xx
19-21xx
1：1～3 paragraphs
xxx
When Apple’s iPhone hit the streets（原意，上街 此处为 hit the shops/stores 指（新商品等）上市） last year,it introduced （ 介 绍 ， 翻 译 为 推 出 ， 新 产 品 上 市 ） socalled（所谓的） multi-touch screens to the general public. Image on the screen can be moved around（四处走走） with a fingertip and made bigger or smaller by placing two fingertips on the image’s edge;s and then either spreading those fingers apart or bringing them closer together. The tactile pleasure the interface provides beyond its utility quickly brought it accolades.The operations felt intuitive,even sensuous. But in laboratories around the world at the time of the iPhone’s launch ,multi-touch screens had vastly outgrown two-finger commands. Engineers have developed much larger screens that respond to 10 fingers at once,even to multiple people.
很容易想象摄影师，平面设计师或建筑师 这些必须操纵大量视觉材料并且经常在团 队中工作的专业人员会欢迎这种多点触控 计算。然而，该技术已经已经应用于更广 的范围，在这种情况下，任何没有经过任 何培训的人都可以在头脑风暴会议期间联 系并移动或标记对象和计划。
Jeff Han,a consulting computer scientist at New York University and founder of Perceptive Pixel in New York City,is at the forefront（第一线）of multi-touch technology.Walking into his company’s lobby ,one is greeted by a three-by-eight-foot flat screen.Han ssteps up to the electronic wall and unleashes a world of images using nothingbut the touch of his fingers.As many as 10or more video feeds can run simultaneຫໍສະໝຸດ Baiduusly,and there is no toolbar in sight. When Han wants the display to access different files he taps it twice,bringing up charts or menus that can also br tapped.
他注意到当从一个非常倾斜的角度透过水观察时，玻璃杯壁上他的指纹是如此的轮廓分明。
He imagined that an electronic system could optically track fingertips placed on the face of a clear computer monitor.
当苹果的iPhone去年上市时，它向大众推出了 所谓的多点触控式显示屏。屏幕上的图像可以 用指尖移动，通过在图像的边缘放置两个指尖， 然后将这些手指分开或将它们拉近，使其变大 或变小。界面提供的超出其实用性的触控乐趣 很快就获得了赞誉。操作感觉直观，甚至感性。 但是在iPhone推出时，全世界的实验室中，多 点触控屏幕已经远远超出了双指命令。工程师 已经开发出更大的屏幕，可以同时响应10个手 指，甚至可以响应多个人。
纽约大学咨询计算机科学家，纽约市 Perceptive Pixel的创始人杰夫·汉（Jeff Han） 处于多点触控技术的最前沿。走进他公司的 大厅，一个三英尺八英尺的平面电视迎着一 个人。韩立踏上电子墙，用手指触摸，释放 出一个充满图像的世界。可以同时运行多达 10个或更多的视频源，并且看不到工具栏。 当韩希望显示器访问不同的文件时，他会点 击两次，打开也可以点击的图表或菜单。
It is easy to imagine how photographers ,graphic designers or architects—professionals who must manipulate lots of visual material and who often work in teams — would welcome this multi-touch computing.Yet the technology is already is already is already being applied in more far-flung situations in which anyone without any training can reach out （伸出、伸手、触及） during a brainstorming session and move or mark up objects and plans.
美国有线电视新闻网（Cable News Network）的新闻节目主持人在总统初选报道的新闻中使用了一个庞大的感知像 素系统(屏幕），大胆地显示出美国50个州(的初选情况);为预测选举结果，站在屏幕前面的主持人竟然能够仅仅通 过在（屏幕上的）地图上移动他们的手指就能够放大和缩小地图至州甚至是县的范围。
一些早期的采用者已经购买了完整的系统，包括情报机构，他们需要快速比较战场上地理位置协调的监控图像。
News anchors on CNN used a big Perceptive Pixel system during coverage of the presidential primaries that boldly displayed all 50 U.S. states; to depict voting results, the anchors, standing in front of the screen, dramatically zoomed in and out of states, even counties, simply by moving their fingers across the map.
80年代初。
高分辨率，高清晰度
But around 2000, at NYU, Han began a journey to overcome one of the technology’s toughest hurdles: achieving fine-resolution fingertip sensing.