非谓语动词和从句的转换
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非
非
谓
谓
语
语
动
动
词
词
与
与
从
从
句
句
间
间
的
Baidu Nhomakorabea
的
转
转
换
换
一、什么叫做非谓语动词
在英语中，动词按其在句子中的作用，可分为： 谓语动词和非谓语动词。 谓语动词就是可以单独直接在句子中做谓语的动词。 非谓语动词就是不能单独在句子中做谓语的动词。
二、非谓语动词的表现形式有：
不定式 （to do） 现在分词 （doing） 过去分词 （done） 动名词 （doing）
(= As we were so poor …) Weighing almost one hundred jin, the stone was moved by him. (=Though the stone weighed almost one hundred jin, …)
A. 现在分词与过去分词作状语
The boy lost in thought is my brother.
The boy who is lost in thought is my brother.
2. v-ed形式作宾补可换成宾语从句
I found the room broken into and a lot of things stolen.
bed. (= After I had finished my work, … ) Working hard, you will succeed. (= If you work hard, …)
Being so poor in those days, we couldn’t afford to send the boy to hospital.
1. 时间状语：可改为时间状语从句，也可在分词前加上 连词“when , while , until”等，使其时间意义更 明确。(多置于句首，也可置于句末)
2. 原因状语：可改为原因状语从句或并列结构。(多置于 句首或句末，也可置于句中)
3. 条件状语：可加连词if , unless 等；也可换成条件 状语从句。(多置于句首)
2. v-ing形式作宾语或宾补可换成that 引导的宾语从句
I remember having paid him for his work.
I remember that I have paid him for his work. He suggests our making better use of the school library.
从你的话看，他应当能成功。
Considering the distance, he arrived very quickly.
考虑路程，他到达得很快。
Taking everything into consideration, you should leave.
考虑到各种因素，你最好离开。
B. 不定式作状语
If we weIrfegGgiivviveeennn more time , we could do it much better .
He was Wwarned of the danger, bhuet he still went skating on the ice.
但是,有些分词作状语是独立结构,不与句子的主语 产生联系;常见的有:judging from, generally
三、 非谓语使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句 （谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下
She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.
4. 让步状语：有时可加 although , though , even if , even though , whether…or 等连词，可转 换成让步状语从句。(多置于句首)
5. 结果状语：可改为结果状语从句。（多置于句末）
6. 方式、伴随状语：可改成并列结构或从句。(多置于句 末)
WhWenhetnhHehyeahreinargd the news, they all jumped with joy.
注：表目的的不定式还常与so as或in order连用， 构成so as (not) to do和in order (not) to do 结构，其中so as (not) to do 不能用于句首。
To get there in time, we got up very early. = In order to get there in time, we got up very early. = We got up very early (in order/so as) to get there in time.
不定式作状语常用来表目的、结果或原因、程度、 条件等。
She looked into the window, and wanted to see what was going on inside.
She looked into the window to see what was going on inside.
WhenWthenbSaseebeeyiinnsgagw its mother, it smiled. As theHy ohpoipnegd to get our support, they sent us their statement.
The snow lasted a week, so irterseuslutilntegd in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. WWhihleilheWewwoororkkrikinneggd in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
We will study in the house facing south.
We will study in the house that / which faces south. The man talking to my teacher is my father.
The man who / that is talking to my teacher is my father.
II. V-ed形式与从句之间的转换
1. v-ed形式作定语可换成定语从句
The question discussed yesterday is very important.
The question that / which was discussed yesterday is very important.
WheWnhitenisSsseeeenn from the hill, the park looks very beautiful .
Don‘t speak until you arespsopkoeknen to.
Because he waGsregaretlaytltyoutocuhcehded by his teacher’s words , the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates .
I found (that) the room had been broken into and a lot of things had been stolen.
If the trees had been given more attention, the trees could…… Not knowing his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.
As she didn’t know his telephone number, she had some ……
四、非谓语动词充当的成分
主表 宾 补 定 状 语语 语 语 语 语
不定式 + + + + + +
现在分词
+
+++
过去分词
+
+++
动名词 + + +
组成
+ 介词 短语
分词作状语 (分词做状语可以转换成其相对应的状语从 句来表时间、条件、原因… )
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
Tom kept quiet about the accident so that he would not lose his job.
=so as not to lose his job.
非谓语动词和从句的转换
I. v-ing 形式与从句之间的转换
1. v-ing形式作主语可换成that引导的主语从句
Tom's knowing English helps him in learning French.
That Tom knows English helps him in learning English Her being out of work was unexpected.
That she was out of work was unexpected.
另外，v-ing形式在句中表伴随或作结果状语，相当于一个并列句， 也可和with结构转换。
他死了，留给他女儿很多钱。 He died, leaving his daughter much money. He died, and (he) left his daughter much money He died, with leaving his daughter much money.
5. v-ing形式作状语可换成相应状语 从句
我一到那，就给你打电话
On arriving there, I will telephone you. As soon as I arrive there, I will telephone you.
我等车的时候，看到了她。（catch sight of） While waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her. While I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.
The question is many people's being trapped in the fire. The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.
4. v-ing形式作定语可换成that, who, which引导的定语从句
He suggests that we (should) make better use of the school library.
3. v-ing形式作表语可换成that引导 的表语从句
Our worry is your depending too much on him.
Our worry is that you depend too much on him.
While waiting at the dentist’s, I read the whole of a short story. (=While I was waiting … ) Before being in the army, he was an engineer.
(= Before he was in the army, …) __H_av_in_g__fi_ni_sh_e_d__(finish) my work, I went to
speaking,compared to/with, considering , providing (ed), supposing etc.
Generally speaking, women live longer than men.
一般说来，女人比男人活得长。
Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed.
非
谓
谓
语
语
动
动
词
词
与
与
从
从
句
句
间
间
的
Baidu Nhomakorabea
的
转
转
换
换
一、什么叫做非谓语动词
在英语中，动词按其在句子中的作用，可分为： 谓语动词和非谓语动词。 谓语动词就是可以单独直接在句子中做谓语的动词。 非谓语动词就是不能单独在句子中做谓语的动词。
二、非谓语动词的表现形式有：
不定式 （to do） 现在分词 （doing） 过去分词 （done） 动名词 （doing）
(= As we were so poor …) Weighing almost one hundred jin, the stone was moved by him. (=Though the stone weighed almost one hundred jin, …)
A. 现在分词与过去分词作状语
The boy lost in thought is my brother.
The boy who is lost in thought is my brother.
2. v-ed形式作宾补可换成宾语从句
I found the room broken into and a lot of things stolen.
bed. (= After I had finished my work, … ) Working hard, you will succeed. (= If you work hard, …)
Being so poor in those days, we couldn’t afford to send the boy to hospital.
1. 时间状语：可改为时间状语从句，也可在分词前加上 连词“when , while , until”等，使其时间意义更 明确。(多置于句首，也可置于句末)
2. 原因状语：可改为原因状语从句或并列结构。(多置于 句首或句末，也可置于句中)
3. 条件状语：可加连词if , unless 等；也可换成条件 状语从句。(多置于句首)
2. v-ing形式作宾语或宾补可换成that 引导的宾语从句
I remember having paid him for his work.
I remember that I have paid him for his work. He suggests our making better use of the school library.
从你的话看，他应当能成功。
Considering the distance, he arrived very quickly.
考虑路程，他到达得很快。
Taking everything into consideration, you should leave.
考虑到各种因素，你最好离开。
B. 不定式作状语
If we weIrfegGgiivviveeennn more time , we could do it much better .
He was Wwarned of the danger, bhuet he still went skating on the ice.
但是,有些分词作状语是独立结构,不与句子的主语 产生联系;常见的有:judging from, generally
三、 非谓语使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句 （谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下
She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.
4. 让步状语：有时可加 although , though , even if , even though , whether…or 等连词，可转 换成让步状语从句。(多置于句首)
5. 结果状语：可改为结果状语从句。（多置于句末）
6. 方式、伴随状语：可改成并列结构或从句。(多置于句 末)
WhWenhetnhHehyeahreinargd the news, they all jumped with joy.
注：表目的的不定式还常与so as或in order连用， 构成so as (not) to do和in order (not) to do 结构，其中so as (not) to do 不能用于句首。
To get there in time, we got up very early. = In order to get there in time, we got up very early. = We got up very early (in order/so as) to get there in time.
不定式作状语常用来表目的、结果或原因、程度、 条件等。
She looked into the window, and wanted to see what was going on inside.
She looked into the window to see what was going on inside.
WhenWthenbSaseebeeyiinnsgagw its mother, it smiled. As theHy ohpoipnegd to get our support, they sent us their statement.
The snow lasted a week, so irterseuslutilntegd in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. WWhihleilheWewwoororkkrikinneggd in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
We will study in the house facing south.
We will study in the house that / which faces south. The man talking to my teacher is my father.
The man who / that is talking to my teacher is my father.
II. V-ed形式与从句之间的转换
1. v-ed形式作定语可换成定语从句
The question discussed yesterday is very important.
The question that / which was discussed yesterday is very important.
WheWnhitenisSsseeeenn from the hill, the park looks very beautiful .
Don‘t speak until you arespsopkoeknen to.
Because he waGsregaretlaytltyoutocuhcehded by his teacher’s words , the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates .
I found (that) the room had been broken into and a lot of things had been stolen.
If the trees had been given more attention, the trees could…… Not knowing his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.
As she didn’t know his telephone number, she had some ……
四、非谓语动词充当的成分
主表 宾 补 定 状 语语 语 语 语 语
不定式 + + + + + +
现在分词
+
+++
过去分词
+
+++
动名词 + + +
组成
+ 介词 短语
分词作状语 (分词做状语可以转换成其相对应的状语从 句来表时间、条件、原因… )
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
Tom kept quiet about the accident so that he would not lose his job.
=so as not to lose his job.
非谓语动词和从句的转换
I. v-ing 形式与从句之间的转换
1. v-ing形式作主语可换成that引导的主语从句
Tom's knowing English helps him in learning French.
That Tom knows English helps him in learning English Her being out of work was unexpected.
That she was out of work was unexpected.
另外，v-ing形式在句中表伴随或作结果状语，相当于一个并列句， 也可和with结构转换。
他死了，留给他女儿很多钱。 He died, leaving his daughter much money. He died, and (he) left his daughter much money He died, with leaving his daughter much money.
5. v-ing形式作状语可换成相应状语 从句
我一到那，就给你打电话
On arriving there, I will telephone you. As soon as I arrive there, I will telephone you.
我等车的时候，看到了她。（catch sight of） While waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her. While I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.
The question is many people's being trapped in the fire. The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.
4. v-ing形式作定语可换成that, who, which引导的定语从句
He suggests that we (should) make better use of the school library.
3. v-ing形式作表语可换成that引导 的表语从句
Our worry is your depending too much on him.
Our worry is that you depend too much on him.
While waiting at the dentist’s, I read the whole of a short story. (=While I was waiting … ) Before being in the army, he was an engineer.
(= Before he was in the army, …) __H_av_in_g__fi_ni_sh_e_d__(finish) my work, I went to
speaking,compared to/with, considering , providing (ed), supposing etc.
Generally speaking, women live longer than men.
一般说来，女人比男人活得长。
Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed.