人版高中英语必修一Unit5知识点详细讲解

Part 1. Warming up

重点单词

1. And what qualities does a great person have?

quality质量；品质；性质

观察思考

Much of the land was of poor quality.这块地大部分土质贫瘠。

She had many good qualities although she is a little rude.

她虽然有点粗鲁，但还有许多优秀品质。

2.mean

(1)adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的

She is too mean to make a donation. 她太小气不肯捐款。

(2)v. 意指某事，意思是；意欲，打算

That means wasting a lot of labor.那意味着浪费许多劳动力。

Really? I don’t mean to waste any labor. 是吗？我没打算浪费任何劳动力。 .

常见搭配：mean to do sth. 打算做某事

mean doing sth. 意味着做某事

be mean to sb. 对某事刻薄

What do you mean by...? 你说/做...是什么意思？

be meant to do 要做，必须做 eg.You are meant to leave a tip.你得留下小费。

be mean with/about 对...吝啬/小气 eg.He is very mean with his money.

3. A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.

devote（与to连用）献身；专心于

(1)devote oneself to献身；致力；专心

devote...to...把……用于……

He devoted himself to his career.他献身于自己的事业。

Please devote more time to your work.请你把更多的时间用于工作。

(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的 a devoted fan/ friend/supporter 忠实的粉丝/朋友/支持者

devotion n.关爱，关照；奉献；忠诚

be devoted to深爱；致力于

即学即用

1._______ to his research work, the professor cared little about any other things.

A. Devoting

B. Devoted

C. Having devoted

D. To devote

2.He devoted himself ______ the poor.

A. helping

B. helped

C. to help

D. to helping

3.He made up his mind to devote his life to pollution from again.

A.preventing;happening

B.prevent;happen

C.preventing;happens

D.preventing;will happen

注意： devote...to...中的to为介词，后面跟动词的-ing形式，类似的短语还有：

object to 反对 stick to 坚持 lead to 引领，导致 look forward to 盼望

get/be used to 习惯于 get down to 开始认真做 pay attention to 注意

get/be accustomed to 习惯于

Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending

1.He fought for black people and was in prison for almost thirty years.

fight 相关短语：

fight +n. 与....作战 / 打架 = fight against sth

fight for 为了...而战

fight against 与...作战 / 斗争

fight with 与...作战 / 并肩作战

fight back 还击

fight sb/sth off 抵抗或击退

fight about/over sth 因…而争吵

eg.(1) fight a cold 抗感冒

(2) fight off repeated enemy attacks 击退敌人一次又一次的进攻

(3) fight for independence/ equal rights为了独立/平等权利而战

(4) fight against poverty/ injustice 与贫穷/不公正作斗争

(5) If the enemy comes, we’ll fight back. 如果敌人来，我们将还击。

(6) Two dogs are fighting over a bone. 两只狗在为一块骨头撕咬。

(7) We will have to fight against difficulties. 我们将不得不与困难作斗争。

fight with用于“与...作战”时，与fight against 大致同义，但用后者语气更强。除此用法外，fight with 还有一些其它的用法，此时不能与fight against 替换。如：The children fought with snow-balls. 孩子们打雪战。

England fought with France against Germany in World War I. 英国在第一次世界大战与法国一起对德作战。

比较：England fought with [against] France. 英国与法国作战。

prison相关短语

把...投进监狱 put...in prison send...to prison throw/cast...into prison

go to prison 入狱 be in prison 在狱中，被监禁 be taken to prison 被关入监狱 break(out of)prison越狱

以上短语都表示行为，所以prison前均不加冠词，若表示地点，则其前应加冠词。

如：

The young woman went to the prison to see her husband who was in prison then.那位年轻妇女去监狱探望那时在坐牢的丈夫。

其他类似用法：

go to school 去上学 go to the school 到学校去

in church 在教堂做礼拜 in the church 在教堂里

at table 在吃饭 at the table 在餐桌旁

考题： While he was at ______ college, he took part in political activities, and was soon thrown into ______ prison. A. the; / B. /; the C. /; / D. the; the

答案是C。第一空表示上大学，第二空表示入狱，都不要冠词。