4 高一英语句子成分分析

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高中英语句子成分划分详解(全)

高中英语句子成分划分详解(全)

Grammar of Unit 1Different parts of a sentence概念句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。

组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。

句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。

其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。

▲句子成分分类1.主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。

大多数主语都在句首。

如:讲述“谁”We work in a big factory.讲述“什么”The classroom is very big.数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job.从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物.▲在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间。

如:There are some bottles of milk in the box.▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。

如:It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”.It took two workers about three months to build the house.2.谓语谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。

如:He is very generous. She looks very smart and coolWe have finished the job. He can speak German.3.表语表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。

英语句子成分分析

英语句子成分分析

英语句子成分分析英语句子成分分析是语法研究的重要内容之一。

它主要通过对英语句子的结构和语义进行分析,来揭示句子中各个成分之间的关系和作用。

下面我将为您详细阐述英语句子成分分析的相关知识。

一、名词短语(Noun Phrase)名词短语是由名词充当中心词,再加上其他修饰词来构成的短语。

名词短语可以作为句子的主语、宾语、补语等。

1. 主语(Subject)主语通常是句子的中心成分,它指出动作的执行者或者是表达状态的主体。

例句:The cat is sleeping.翻译:猫正在睡觉。

2. 宾语(Object)宾语是句子中受到动作影响的对象,它常跟在动词之后。

例句:I like apples.翻译:我喜欢苹果。

3. 补语(Complement)补语是用来补充说明主语或宾语的信息,起到对主谓关系进行补充和修饰的作用。

例句:She is a teacher.翻译:她是一位老师。

二、动词短语(Verb Phrase)动词短语是以动词为核心,并包含了与之相关的其他成分,如副词、介词短语等。

1. 谓语动词(Predicate Verb)谓语动词是句子中的核心成分,它直接说明主语的动作或状态。

例句:He is running.翻译:他正在跑步。

2. 直接宾语(Direct Object)直接宾语是跟在及物动词后面,指出受到动作影响的对象。

例句:She loves flowers.翻译:她喜欢花。

3. 间接宾语(Indirect Object)间接宾语是在及物动词之后,介词之前,用来指示动作的对象。

例句:He gave me a book.翻译:他给了我一本书。

三、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)形容词短语是由形容词作为中心词,并可以加上其他修饰词来修饰名词或代词。

例句:The tall girl is my sister.翻译:那个高个子的女孩是我的姐姐。

四、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)副词短语是由副词作为中心词,并可以有其他修饰词来修饰动词、形容词或副词。

英语句子成分详解方法精选全文完整版

英语句子成分详解方法精选全文完整版

可编辑修改精选全文完整版英语句子成分一、英语句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫作句子的成分。

句子成分主要包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。

1)主语subject主语是一个句子的主体,是全句叙述的对象,是句子要说明的人或事物,即表示句子所说的“是什么”或“是谁”,常由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等担任,一般位于句首。

The girl can sing many English songs.We are students. / This is my pen. Yours is on the desk.The blind need more help.To speak loudly in public is not polite.Smoking is bad for your health.2)谓语predicate谓语是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的动作或状态,常由动词担任,一般位于主语之后。

谓语有时态和语态的变化,且要和主语在人称和数上保持一致。

I love you. You hate me. You hurt my heart.I have an English-Chinese dictionary. He has one too.We can play the piano.She is talking with her sister. / I have seen this man before.3)宾语object宾语是谓语动词所涉及的对象,是谓语动词所表示动作的对象或承受者。

常由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等担任,一般位于谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。

He is doing his homework. / I saw a plane in the sky just now.They did nothing this morning. / I met him on my way home.She wants to go home.We enjoy playing football.【注意】:某些及物动词之后要求有双宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语,直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人。

高一英语句子成分分析

高一英语句子成分分析

英语句子成分讲座·1主语句子一般要有主语。

在简单句中,主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语) 来充当。

动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用it 作形式主语。

■名词作主语English is very important. 英语是很重要的。

The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。

■代词作主语They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。

Most of the students come from the countryside. 大多数学生来自农村。

■动名词作主语Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。

It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。

■动词不定式(短语)作主语To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

It is very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。

2.谓语谓语必须由动词充当,但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。

可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态),行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语,又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。

■及物动词作谓语We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助。

They respect one another. 他们互相尊重(对方)。

All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。

Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗?■不及物动词作谓语He left here yesterday. 他昨天离开这儿。

You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。

英语句子成分划分讲解精编版

英语句子成分划分讲解精编版

英语句子成分划分讲解精编版
英语句子成分划分是理解句子结构和意义的关键。

一个完整的英语句子通常包含主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等成分。

下面是对这些成分的详细讲解:
1. 主语(Subject):表示句子主要描述的对象,通常位于句子的开始位置。

例如:The cat(主语) sat on the mat.
2. 谓语(Predicate):表示主语执行的动作或状态,紧跟在主语之后。

例如:The cat(主语) sat(谓语).
3. 宾语(Object):表示动作的接受者或行为的受益者,可以出现在句子
的不同位置。

例如:The cat(主语) played with a ball(宾语).
4. 定语(Adjective):修饰名词,描述名词的特征或属性。

例如:The big cat(定语+名词) sat on the mat.
5. 状语(Adverbial):修饰动词、形容词或副词,描述动作发生的时间、
地点、方式等。

例如:The cat(主语) sat(谓语) quietly(状语).
6. 补语(Complement):补充说明主语或宾语的身份、状态或特征。

例如:The cat(主语) was a kitten(补语).
通过理解这些成分,可以更好地分析句子的结构和意义,提高阅读和写作能力。

同时,要注意英语句子结构的多样性和复杂性,同一个句子成分在不同的语境下可能有不同的含义和功能。

高中英语句子成分分析大全

高中英语句子成分分析大全

因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词,不能作谓语。

且谓语动词可以体现时态,这两句话分别由动词were (are 的过去式),enjoys singing (enjoy doing动词短语)作谓语。

其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态,且主语的人称为第一人称,enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时,且主语的人称为第三人称。

三.宾语:表示动作的承受者。

宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。

如:I play with him. (我和他玩。

) I like Chinese food.(我喜欢中国菜。

)这两句话中分别由人称代词him ,名词food 作宾语。

直接宾语与间接宾语:有的动词能够接双宾语,直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。

如:He gave me a book.(他给了我一本书)这句话中 a book 为直接宾语,me 为间接宾语。

又如:My mother bought a schoolbag to me.(我妈妈买了一个书包给我。

)这句话中schoolbag 为直接宾语,me 为间接宾语。

四.表语:用来说明主语的性质或状态。

接在系动词之后,其中接在系动词be 后是最常见的情况。

如They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。

) He is kind.. (他心地善良。

)这两句话分别由名词teachers,形容词kind 作表语。

五.定语:是用来说明或限制名词的成分,可分为前置定语和后置定语,常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。

形容词放在名词之前,构成前置定语;相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面,构成后置定语。

如:This is red sun. (这是个红太阳)这句话由形容词red 作前置定语,修饰sun.又如:His work in the hospital is very hard.(他在这个医院的工作很辛苦。

)这句话由相当于形容词的介词短语in the hospital 作后置定语,修饰work。

英语句子成分分析说明

英语句子成分分析说明

英语句子成分分析说明英语句子由不同的成分组成,每个成分在句子中承担不同的语法功能。

以下是常见的英语句子成分及其功能的说明:1. 主语(Subject):句子中执行动作的人或事物,通常是名词、代词或名词性短语。

例如,在句子 "She is studying." 中, "She" 是主语。

2. 谓语(Predicate):句子中描述主语动作或状态的部分,通常是动词或动词短语。

例如,在句子 "She is studying." 中, "is studying" 是谓语。

3. 宾语(Object):句子中受到动作影响的人或事物,通常是名词、代词或名词性短语。

例如,在句子 "She is studying English." 中,"English" 是宾语。

5. 定语(Adjective):句子中用来修饰名词或代词的词或短语,通常是形容词或形容词短语。

例如,在句子 "The red car is fast." 中,"red" 是定语。

6. 状语(Adverb):句子中用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的成分,通常是副词或副词短语。

例如,在句子 "He runs quickly." 中,"quickly" 是状语。

7. 同位语(Appositive):句子中用来解释或说明名词或代词的成分,通常是同位语从句、名词短语或动名词短语。

例如,在句子 "My uncle, a doctor, visited us." 中, "a doctor" 就是同位语。

8. 表语(Predicative):句子中用来说明主语的状态、性质或身份的成分,通常是形容词、名词或名词性短语。

例如,在句子 "She is tall." 中, "tall" 是表语。

句子成分分析及定语从句-高一英语

句子成分分析及定语从句-高一英语

句子成分分析讲解--2013-5-1英语中,句子分为简单句和复合句【简单句的五种基本句型】A. 主语+不及物动词(主谓)B. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)C. 主语+系动词+表语(主系表)D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)(主谓+直宾+间宾)E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。

(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。

它一般在句首。

如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”两方面必须一致。

它一般在主语后面。

如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。

一般放在谓语之后。

She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。

高一英语句子成分分析

高一英语句子成分分析

一、句子的成分:句子的各个组成部分叫作句子的成分。

句子的成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

其中主语和谓语是句子的主体,表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语的组成部分,其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。

1 主语+不及物动词(S+V)二. 主语:主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题,是句子所述说的主体,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

它的位置一般在一句之首。

可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。

1. 名词作主语。

例如:A tree has fallen across the road. 一棵树倒下横在路上。

Little streams feed big rivers. 小河流入大江。

2. 代词用作主语。

例如:You’re not far wrong. 你差不多对了。

He told a joke but it fell flat. 他说了个笑话,但没有引人发笑3. 数词用作主语。

例如:Three is enough. 三个就够了。

Four from seven leaves three. 7减4余3。

4. 名词化的形容词用作主语。

例如:The idle are forced to work. 懒汉被迫劳动。

Old and young marched side by side. 老少并肩而行。

5. 副词用作主语。

例如:Now is the time. 现在是时候了。

Carefully does it. 小心就行。

6. 名词化的介词作主语。

例如:The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come. 我们必须承受人生之沉浮。

7. 不定式用作主语。

例如:To find your way can be a problem. 你能否找到路可能是一个问题。

It would be nice to see him again. 如能见到他,那将是一件愉快的事。

英语句子成分分析分析解析

英语句子成分分析分析解析

英语句子成分分析分析解析在英语中,句子可以被分解为不同的成分,包括主语、动词、宾语、定语和状语等。

下面是一些常见的句子成分及其分析解析:1. 主语(Subject):句子中的主要人或事物,执行动作或被动作所指向。

例如:I went to the store.分析:主语是I。

2. 谓语(Predicate):句子中的动作或状态,表达主语的行为。

例如:She is reading a book.分析:谓语是 is reading。

3. 宾语(Object):动词的直接接收者或受益者。

例如:He bought a new car.分析:宾语是 a new car。

4. 定语(Adjective):修饰名词或代词的形容词或词组。

例如:The big dog chased the cat.分析:定语是 big。

5. 状语(Adverb):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的副词或词组。

例如:She runs quickly.分析:状语是 quickly。

例如:He became a doctor.分析:补语是 a doctor。

7. 同位语(Appositive):对名词或代词作进一步解释或补充说明。

分析:同位语是 John。

8. 状语从句(Adverbial Clause):起状语作用的从句。

9. 定语从句(Adjective Clause):起定语作用的从句。

例如:The book that I bought is very interesting.分析:定语从句是 that I bought。

以上是一些常见的英语句子成分及其分析解析。

要准确理解和运用句子成分,需要对语法规则有一定的了解,并在实践中积累经验。

专题二-高中英语语法句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语

专题二-高中英语语法句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语

专题二-高中英语语法句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语高中英语语法1. 句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语定语英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。

(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补)除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。

但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。

同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。

考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号英语中划分句子成分的符号主语在下面画直线谓语在下面画曲线宾语在下面画双横线定语在下面画虚线(一行点使我们想到一排钉子,“钉”谐音为“定语”的“定”)状语下面为短横线(短横线使我们想到短木桩,木桩撞(状)钟)补语上一短横,下一短横(下一短横好像是为了弥补上面短横间的空隙)同位语上下双曲线(都有曲折,上下位置基本相同)考点1.主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。

可以作主语的词性或语法结构:1. 名词2. 代词3. 数词4. 不定式5. 动名词6. 主语从句等表示。

7. 名词化的形容词(如the rich)在英语中,形容词、副词和介词短语是不能作主语的。

如果它们在句首时,句子可能是倒装句,真正的主语在后面。

On the desk are some books. (主语是books,所以用are)Down jumps the boy. (主语是the boy,所以用jumps )Gone are the days. (主语是the days,所以用are)练习1.在下面句子的主语下面画横线,并说出由什么充当。

1.During the 1990s, American country musichas become more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class.3.One-third of the students in this class aregirls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health.6.The rich should help the poor.7.When we are going to have English test hasnot been decided.8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.9.That he isn’t at home is not true.10.There comes the bus.11.Beyond the village lies a small village.12.Now comes your turn.考点2.谓语谓语由动词充当,说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

高中英语句子成分划分详解(全).

高中英语句子成分划分详解(全).

Grammar of Unit 1Different parts of a sentence概念句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。

组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。

句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。

其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。

▲句子成分分类1.主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。

大多数主语都在句首。

如:讲述“谁”We work in a big factory.讲述“什么”The classroom is very big.数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job.从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物.▲在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间。

如:There are some bottles of milk in the box.▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。

如:It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”.It took two workers about three months to build the house.2.谓语谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。

如:He is very generous. She looks very smart and coolWe have finished the job. He can speak German.3.表语表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。

高一英语句子成分划分知识点

高一英语句子成分划分知识点

高一英语句子成分划分知识点英语作为一门国际语言,在世界上广泛使用。

学好英语,尤其是对句子的成分划分有着重要的意义。

本文将从主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等角度出发,介绍高一英语句子成分划分的知识点。

首先,我们来看主语。

主语是句子中最重要的成分之一,通常是句子的主体,它确定了句子的主题。

主语可以是一个单词,也可以是一个词组,甚至是一个从句。

例如:1. He is a good student.(主语是“He”)2. Playing basketball is his favorite activity.(主语是“Playing basketball”)3. What he said surprised me.(主语是“What he said”)接着,我们来了解谓语。

谓语是句子中用来说明主语动作、状态或存在情况的一部分。

谓语一般由动词构成,但也可以是动词短语或动词不定式。

例如:1. She eats an apple every day.(谓语是“eats”)2. They have been studying English for years.(谓语是“have beens tudying”)3. He wanted to go to the park.(谓语是“wanted to go”)然后,我们来研究宾语。

宾语是句子中的动作对象,它一般接在及物动词之后,帮助说明动作的目标或结果。

宾语可以是一个名词、代词、名词短语或从句。

例如:1. I bought a book yesterday.(宾语是“a book”)2. She took pictures of the beautiful scenery.(宾语是“pictures of the beautiful sc enery”)3. Do you know what time it is?(宾语是“what time it is”)接下来,我们来讨论定语。

高一英语-句子成分分析-语法总结大全

高一英语-句子成分分析-语法总结大全
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下:
Байду номын сангаас
S V P (主+系+表)
S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
S V (主+谓)
S V O (主+谓+宾)
S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)
基本句型 一:S V (主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),数词,名词化的形容词,动词不定式,动名词或从句。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,不能再接对象(即宾语),这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等作状语。
基本句型 二: S V P (主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语性质,特征,状态或身份的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。 系动词分三类:1)表示人或事物的身份特征或状态:appear, be, feel , look, seem, smell,sound, taste。例如 look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻,taste good/尝起来不错; 2)表示状态的变化:become,come,fall,go,get, grow, turn,prove等;例如become cold/变冷,go grey/变灰白, (dreams) come true/(梦想)实现;3)表示某种状态的延续或持续:continue,remain, stay, keep 等。例如keep silent/保持沉默,stay fine/仍然很好 。 注意be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。 表语通常由名词n. 代词pron. 形容词adj. 数词,副词adv. 介词短语prep.phr.,动词不定式to-do,现在分词,或从句等担任。

4 高一英语句子成分分析

4  高一英语句子成分分析

(五)定语
修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句
• He is a clever boy. (形容词) • His father works in a steel work. (名词) • There are 54students in our class. (数词) • Do you know Betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词) • His spoken language is good. (过去分词)
定语后置:
如果定语是由一个单词表示时,通常要前置。 而由一个词组或一个句子表示时,通常则后置
The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now?
• A. don't B. like
C. picture D. wall
• ② The days get longer and longer when summer
comes.
• A. get
B. longer
C. days D. summer
• ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
• A. want B. to tell
C. you D. is
• ⑧ We had better send for a doctor.

英语句子成分分类详细解析(高中)

英语句子成分分类详细解析(高中)

英语句子成分分类详细解析(高中)英语句子成分分类详细解析(高中)本文将详细解析英语句子成分的分类,供高中学生参考。

一、主语(Subject)主语是句子中的核心成分,通常是执行动作或者被动接受动作的实体。

主语通常回答句子中的谓语动词是“谁”或“什么”。

例如:“I love cats.”(我爱猫)中的“I”就是主语。

二、谓语(Predicate)谓语是句子中的动作或状态描述部分,通常由一个动词构成。

谓语可以是及物动词,需要接一个宾语,或者是不及物动词,不需要接宾语。

例如:“She is reading a book.”(她正在读一本书)中的“is reading”是谓语。

三、宾语(Object)宾语是谓语动词所作用的对象,它通常回答谓语动词的动作的“谁”或“什么”。

宾语可以是直接宾语或间接宾语。

直接宾语直接接在动词后,间接宾语通常通过介词与动词相关联。

例如:“He gave me a gift.”(他给了我一份礼物)中的“gift”是直接宾语,“me”是间接宾语。

表语是补充说明主语的成分,通常位于系动词之后。

表语可以是形容词、名词、副词等。

例如:“She is beautiful.”(她很漂亮)中的“beautiful”是表语。

五、状语(Adverbial)状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的成分,用来描述动作的方式、时间、地点、原因等。

状语可以放在句子的不同位置。

例如:“I often go to the park.”(我经常去公园)中的“often”就是状语。

六、定语(Adjective Modifier)定语是用来修饰名词或代词的成分,通常位于被修饰的名词或代词之前。

定语可以是形容词、名词、代词、分词等。

例如:“The red car is fast.”(红色的车跑得很快)中的“red”是定语。

七、同位语(Appositive)同位语是对某个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明的成分,通常置于被解释的名词或代词之后并用逗号隔开。

高中英语句子成分分析解析

高中英语句子成分分析解析

高中英语句子成分分析解析1. 主语(Subject)主语是句子中执行或承受动作的人、物或概念。

它通常回答谓语动词的问题"谁"或"什么"。

在句子中,主语通常出现在句首。

例如:- 主语在句子开头:Mary is reading a book.主语在句子开头:Mary is reading a book.- 主语在句子中间:The cat, a fat tabby, is sleeping.主语在句子中间:The cat, a fat tabby, is sleeping.- 主语是代词:It is raining.主语是代词:It is raining.- 主语是不定代词:Everyone loves ice cream.主语是不定代词:Everyone loves ice cream.2. 谓语(Predicate)谓语是句子中表达动作、状态或断言的部分。

它通常回答主语的问题"做了什么"。

例如:- 动词谓语:She dances gracefully.动词谓语:She dances gracefully.- 助动词谓语:He is studying for the test.助动词谓语:He is studying for the test.- 系动词谓语:The flowers smell beautiful.系动词谓语:The flowers smell beautiful.- 情态动词谓语:They could go to the party.情态动词谓语:They could go to the party.3. 宾语(Object)宾语是句子中被动作所影响的人、物或概念。

它通常回答谓语动词的问题"接受了什么"。

例如:- 宾语是名词:She bought a new car.宾语是名词:She bought a new car.- 宾语是代词:He loves her.宾语是代词:He loves her.- 宾语是不定代词:I saw something strange.宾语是不定代词:I saw something strange.4. 定语(Adjective)定语是修饰名词或代词的词语,它限定或描述它所修饰的词的特征或性质。

高一英语句子成分

高一英语句子成分

高一英语句子成分高一英语句子成分高中新课程标准的总目标是发展学生的综合语言应用能力,尤其是他们获取和加工信息的能力以及分析和解决问题的能力,高一英语句子成分有哪些的呢?本文是店铺整理高一英语句子成分的资料,仅供参考。

高一英语句子成分I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is !现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。

英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)、补语(complement)。

1)主语:主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分.一般由名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句充当.它的位置一般在句首.The girl is pretty. Reading is useful. To see is to believe.They are good friends.句子成分练习题( 一 )(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2) 谓语:谓语说明主语做,是什么,怎么样,由简单动词或者动词短语构成.They are teachers. She looks well.He studies hard. He laughed at his classmates.He can speak English.(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC.goD. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦ What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧ We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨ He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩ Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB.didC. whomD. book3) 表语:表语说明主语是什么,或者怎么样,由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,短语,或者从句充当.表语位于系动词后面.I am a teacher. She is happy.Everybody is here. They are at home now.My job is to teach English. Seeing is believing.(三) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man was feeling very tired.② Why is he worried about Jim?③ The leaves have turned yellow.④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤ She was the first to learn about it.4) 宾语: 宾语是动作,行为的对象,由名词,代词,短语,不定式,动名词,从句充当.它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么,在谓语之后.She plays the piano. He often helps me.I like watching TV. She likes to go to shop this afternoon.I think that he is good guy.(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother hasn't done his homework.② People all over the world speak English.③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④ How many new words did you learn last class?⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.⑦ They made him monitor of the class.⑧ Go acrothe bridge and you will find the museum on the left.⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me?5) 宾语补足语:在英语中,有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思.它起补充说明宾语干什么,怎么样的作用.它可以由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,现在分词和过去分词充当.If you let me go, I’ll make you king. Leave the door open.We found John out when we arrived. Make yourself at home.I saw him enter the hall. The bokeeps them working all day.I heard my name called.(五) 挑出下列句中的.宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspa-pe-rs and books in the reading-room.② He asked her to take the boy out of school.③ She found it difficult to do the work.④ They call me Lily sometimes.⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?6) 状语:状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词.它表示行为发生的时间,地点,目的,方式,程度.一般由副词,介词短语,不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当,也可由从句来充当.He did it carefully. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi. He is writing with a pen.(六) 挑出下列句中的状语① There was a big smile on her face.② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.③ He began to learn English when h e was eleven.④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, MiLi hurried off.⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.⑧ The students followed U ncle Wang to see the othermachine.7) 定语:定语用来修饰名词或代词.形容词,代词,数词,名词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,分词,从句都可以充当定语.The black bike is mine.What’s your name? A broken vase.I have 5 books. A sleeping boy.They made pa-pe-r flowers. The boy in the room is Jack.I have something to do. It is a swimming pool.(七) 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.② What is your given name?③ On the third lap are Cla1 and Cla3.④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.⑥ I am wai ting for the sound of the other shoe!Exercise指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分:1.Whether we’ll go depend on the weather .2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .3. That was how they were defeated.4.The nursery takes good care of our children .5.I’ll r eturn the book to you tomorrow .6.We are sure that we shall succeed .7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .8.There are many film that I’d like to see.9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?10.I have a lot of work to do .11.Anyway I won’t stop you from doing it .12.I said it in fun .13.We can send a car over to fetch you .14.She had to work standing up .15.Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried .16.Much interested , he agreed to give it a try .17.The bus arrived ten minutes late .18.We should serve the people heart and soul.19.Spring coming on , the tree turned green .20.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky .21.We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting .22.It’s strange that she doesn’t come today .23.It was in the library that I come today .24.He likes drawing at times when he isn’t working .25.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.。

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(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
㈡谓语
说明主语的动作、状态和特征 • 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 • I saw the flag on the top of the hill。 • He looked after two orphans. • 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English well. • She doesn’t seem to like dancing
找出句中主语
The sun rises in the east.(名词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) The poor are now living in the shelter. (名词化的形容词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe. (不定式) He likes dancing. (代词) What he needs is a book. (句子) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
定语后置:
如果定语是由一个单词表示时,通常要前置。 而由一个词组或一个句子表示时,通常则后置
The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now?
(六)状语
状语的功用:状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、 结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。 • I will be back in a while. • They are playing on the playground. • He was late because he got up late. • He got up so late that I missed the train. • I waited to see you. • He often went to school by bus. • His parents died, leaving him an orphan. • Please call me if it is necessary. • This book is very interesting. • He went to school in spite of his illness.
句子成分
定义 :构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成 分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分; 主要成分:主语和谓语 次要成分:表语、宾语、定语、状语、 补足语、同位语
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
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主谓 定 宾 同

语语 语 语 位
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.
• He gave me some books.
↓ 间接 宾语
↓ 直接 宾语
●please pass me the book. ●He bought his girlfriend some flowers.
(四)表语
在系动词后的部分就是表语 1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4. I’m not quite myself today. 5. That remains a puzzle. • I don’t feel at ease.
(六)宾语补足语
有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾 语补足语,说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足, 使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有 : make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let.
(三)宾语
动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语
Show your passport, please. (名词 ) She didn't say anything. ( 代词) How many do you want? - I want two. (数词) They sent the injured to hospital. (名词化的形容词) They asked to see my passport. (不定式) I enjoy working with you.(动名词) Did you write down what he said? (句子)


㈠主语(subject)
句子说明的人或事物
• Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词) • She went out in a hurry. (代词) • Four plus four is eight. (数词) • To see is to believe. (不定式) • Smoking is bad for health. (动名词) • The young should respect the old(. 名词化的形容词) • What he has said is true.(句子)
(五)定语
修饰或பைடு நூலகம்制名词或代词的词、词组或从句
• He is a clever boy. (形容词) • His father works in a steel work. (名词) • There are 54students in our class. (数词) • Do you know Betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词) • His spoken language is good. (过去分词)
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