超能英语语法之appear, look, seem 的用法及区别

appear, look, seem 的用法及区别

一、含义上的差异appear 是指根据事物的外表表象做出判断的，但实质上并不一定如此；seem 是表示说话人主观上的判断，暗含有一定的根据，往往接近事实的判断；look 是根据视觉印象而得出的判断，实质上也可能如此。例如：She is fifty but she appears young . 她五十岁了，但看起来很年轻。( 其实并非如此) Se seems young . (I think he is rich .) 她看起来很年轻。( 根据个人的主观判断而推断出) She looks young . 她很年轻。( 从他外表可出感觉出)

二、用法上的差异1. appear ，look ，seem 后均可带名词、形容语、to be 结构。The man who came yesterday appeared / seemed / looked an hounest man . 昨天来的那个人看来是一个诚实的人。My brother appeared (to be) happy when he heard from sister . 当我弟弟收到我妹妹来信时，似乎很高兴。2. look 可用于进行时，而seem , appear 一般不能。如：He is looking very happy. 他现在看起来很高兴。3. appear 和seem 之后可接动词不定式的一般式、完成式以及其他形式，而look 之后除了能接to be 结构外，不接其它动词不定式形式。She appeared to agree with you. 他好象同意你的意见。They don’t seem to have read this novel. 他们好象没有读过这本小说。4. look , seem 能与介词like 构成习语，意思是“看上去象”，而appear 却不能。例如：It seems like years since I last saw you . 自从上次见到你后，好象很久没有见到你了。He looks like a farm. 他看起来象个农民。5. seem , look 后均可接as if , as though 引导的表语从句，从句中既可用陈述语气也可用虚拟语气，而appear 则不能。例如：It seemed / looked as if he had been to Beijing. 看起来他去过北京。6. appear 和seem 均可接that 引导的从句，而look 不能。It seems / appears that we won’t finish this work tod ay. 我们好象今天完不成这项工作。7. appear 和seem 可用于there be 结构中，

而look 不能。如：There appears to have been an accident . 好象出了一次事故。一、使用seem 和appear 的句型：1 ．It seems ／appears （to sb ．）＋that-clause It seems ／appears to me that they are right ．我觉得他们似乎是正确的。It seemed ／appeared that he enjoyed the food very much ．看来他好像很喜欢吃这种食品。2 ．Sb ．／Sth ．seems ／appears ＋to do He seems ／appears to be a musician ．他似乎是一个音乐家。She seemed ／appeared to have caught a cold ．她好像感冒了。（上述两种句型含义基本一样，都可作“看来／似乎是……”，二者可相互转换）He seems ／appears to have known about the secret ．（＝It seems ／appears that he has known about the secret ．）他似乎已知道这个秘密。3 There seems ／appears to be There seems to be no difficulties to be discussed ．看来没有什么难题要讨论。There appears to have been a mistake ．好像有错误。

二、使用look 和seem 的句型：1 ．It looks ／seems as if ．．．表示“看起来……；似乎……”。使用该句型应注意的是：若从句表示的是很可能实现的事情，从句谓语用陈述语气；若从句表示的是与事实相反的假设或实现的可能性很小的事情时，则从句谓语要用虚拟语气It seems as if he has been at the scene of the crime 似乎他好像在犯罪现场。When a pencil is partly in a glass of water ，it looks as if it were broken ．如果把一枝铅笔的一部分放入水杯中，它看上去似乎是断了。2 ．Sb ．／Sth ．looks ／seems like The building looks like a school ．这建筑物看起来像所学校。It seems like years since I last saw you ．自从我上次见到你好像有几年了。

三、seem ，appear 和look 的区别seem ，appear 和look 虽都有“看起来像”的意思，但三者仍有差别。seem 常含有基本接近事实的意义；appear 多指从外表判断，

一般与事实不符；look 则着重指从外表而得到的印象，所得出的判断有可能与事实相符，也有可能与事实不符。

一、基本区别look 指视觉印象，appear 指外表给人的印象，这两者可能是真象也可能是假象，appear 的不确定性更大一些，seem 侧重指根据某种迹象作出的推断，也不一定是事实。

二、后接不定式的问题三者均可后接不定式，但look 之后一般只限于to be( 且较少见) ：He seems [appears, looks] to be very tired. 他好像很累了。He seems [appears] to have traveled a lot. 他似乎去过不少地方。This seems to be a happy solution. 这似乎是一个理想的解决办法。但是不说He looks to have traveled a lot. 三、后接like 的问题look, seem 之后可接介词like ，但appear 之后一般不能：He just looks like his brother. 他的模样就像他的哥哥。He seems like a fool. 他看起来像个傻瓜。

四、用于进行时态的问题appear 和seem 不用于进行时态，但look 有时可这样用( 尽管较少见) ：He looks [is looking] well. 他看上去气色不错。但是不说He is seeming [appearing] well.

五、用于it 开头的句子三者均可用于it 开头的句子，且三者之后均可接以as if 或as though 引导的从句，另外appear 和seem 之后还可接that 引导的从句：It looks [seems, appears] as if he has lost interest in his job. 看来他对自己的工作已失去了兴趣。It seems [appears] that he is very tired. 他似乎很累了。为避免重复，appear 和seem 后接的that 从句有时可用so, not 代之：“Is he reliable? ”“It seems [appears] so (not).”“他可靠吗?”“似乎是可靠的( 不可靠) 。”