四六级作文套话及评分标准

作文：15％，合106.5分；快速阅读：10％合71分，每个7.1分；听力客观题（单选）：25％合177.5分,25个，每个7.1分；听力主观题（复合式听写）：10％合71分，前八个每个3.55分共28.4分,后三个每个14.2分，共42.6分；篇章词汇理解（选词填空）;10%合71分，每个7.1分；仔细阅读理解：15％合106.5分，共10个每个10.65分。

完形填空：10％合71分，共20个每个3.55分。

句子翻译：5％合35.5分，共5个，每个7.1分。

试点阶段四级考试单项分的报道共分为四个部分：听力（35%）、阅读（35%）、完型填空或改错（10%）、作文和翻译（20%）。

各单项报道分的满分分别为：听力249分，阅读249分，完型填空或改错70分，作文142分。

各单项分相加之和等于总分（710分）。

大学英语四、六级考试的原始分数在经过加权、等值处理后，参照常模转换为均值为500、标准差为70的常模正态分数。

同时，四、六级考试不设及格线，考试合格证书改为成绩报告单。

四、六级考试单项分的报道分为四个部分，这四个部分以及各部分所占的分值比例分别为：听力(20%)、阅读(40%)、综合(25%)、作文(15%)。

各单项报道分的满分分别为：听力142分；阅读284分；综合178分；作文106分。

各单项报道分相加之和等于报道总分。

四、六级的单项报道分也是常模正态分数，但参照的常模是相应的单项常模。

因此，单项报道分能够报道考生在各单项常模群体中所处的百分位置。

举例如下（参见表1和表2）：某考生四级作文报道分数是62分，则其在常模群体中的百分位是在77%～86%之间，表示这名考生的英语成绩至少要优于常模群体中77%的人，但不会优于86%的人。

某考生六级听力报道分数是100分，则其在常模群体中的百分位是54%，表示这名考生的英语听力成绩优于常模群体中54%的人。

不同观点列举型（选择型）There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on thisissue/topic/problem. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.（2）利弊型的议论文Advantages and Disadvantages of InternetNowadays, /currently/ presently/ At present, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that…)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____. Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.To sum up, the advantages, in my view, outweigh the disadvantages. But we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.( 3 ) 答题性议论文Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____. Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____. ( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文It is well known to us that the proverb: “ ___谚语_______” has a profound significance and not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..图表作文的框架Content ----Trend---- details ( figures)----conclusionAs is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart/column), ___the average time…__ has been on the rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from__2 hours____ in ___2990____ to __20 hours____ in _2000____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that _students are more and more absorbed into computer use._______.There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. Let’s have an example to illustrate the great increase (decrease) in _______. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. (In addition, ________ is responsible for _______.) Maybe thereare some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound andwell-grounded.开头Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题.Nowadays, (overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face.如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.It is commonly believed that… / It is a common belief that…人们一般认为…Many people insist that…很多人坚持认为…With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为…A lot of people seem to think that…很多人似乎认为…引出不同观点:People’s views on… vary from person to person. Some hold that… . However, others believe that…. 人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为….. 然而其他人却认为．．．People may have different opinions on… 人们对…可能会有不同的见解.Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person. 人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异.There are different opinions among people as to… 关于…. 人们的观点大不相同.Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure). 对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.结尾Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论…Taking into account all these factors, we ma y reasonably come to the conclusion that…考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论…Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that…因此,我们最好得出这样的结论…There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.总之,我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题. 提出建议:It is high time that we put an end to the (trend). 该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.It is time t o take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of …该是采纳…的建议,并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了.There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of …毫无疑问,对…问题应予以足够的重视.Obviously,…. If we want to do something… , it is essential that…显然,如果我们想做某事,很重要的是…Only in this way can we… 只有这样,我们才能…It must be realized that… 我们必须意识到…预示后果:Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that… will lead us in danger.很明显,如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险.No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that…毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,很可能会…It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.很紧迫的是,应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展.论证From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.I cannot entirely agree with the idea that… 我无法完全同意这一观点….Personally, I am standing on the side of … 就个人而言,我站在…的一边.I sincerely believe that… 我真诚地相信…In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do….在我个人看来,做…比做…更明智.Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why…给出原因:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, …这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先, … 第二, … 第三, …Why did… ? For one thing… For another…. Perhaps the primary reason is…为什么会…? 一个原因是… 令一个原因是… 或许其主要原因是….I quite agree with the statement that… the reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述,即…,其主要原因如下:列出解决办法:Here are some suggestions for handling… 这是如何处理某事的一些建议.The be st way to solve the troubles is… 解决这些麻烦的最好办法是…People have figured out many ways to solve this problem. 人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题. 批判错误观点和做法:As far as something is concerned, …. 就某事而言,…It was obvious that… 很显然,….It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that… 可能…是对的,但这并不意味着…It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore that…认为….是很自然的,但我们不应忽视….There is no evidence to suggest that… 没有证据表明…如何连接强调still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly.比较like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.对比by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.列举for example, for instance, such as, take …for example. Except (for), to illustrate.时间later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.顺序first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.可能presumably, probably, perhaps.解释in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.递进What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.让步although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.转折however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately. whereas原因for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.结果as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.总结on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,图表作文常用句型As is shown in the graph… 如图所示…The graph shows that… 图表显示…As can be seen from the table,… 从表格中可以看出…From the chart, we know that… 从这张表中,我们可知…All these data clearly prove the fact that… 所有这些数据明显证明这一事实,即…The increase of …. In the city has reached to 20%. ….在这个城市的增长已达到20%.In 1985, the number remained the same. 1985年,这个数字保持不变.There was a gradual decline in 1989. 1989年,出现了逐渐下降的情况四六级英语写作中常用的六个句式及套话四六级英语写作中常用的六个句式及套话1.表示变化1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years.2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications.3）The computer has brought about many changes in education.例如：Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years.The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek.Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins.2.表示事实、现状1）We cannot ignore the fact that...2）No one can deny the fact that...3）There is no denying the fact that...4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.5）However，that’s not the case.例如：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution.To solve these problems，we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution.The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.3.表示比较1）Compared with A，B...2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV.3）There is a striking contrast between them.例如：Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable.Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum.Secondly，they do not cause the pollution st but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise.4.表示数量1）It has increased（decreased）from...to...2）The population in this city has now increased（decreased）to 800，000.3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％compared with that of January.例如：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.5.表示看法1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth.2）People have different opinions on this problem.3）People take different views of（on）the question.4）Some people believe that...Others argue that...例如：People have different attitudes towards failure.Some believe that failure leads to success. Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewedendeavor.However，others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers. 注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。