2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案xw
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案wv
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案An artificial intelligence can decode（解码）words and sentences from brain activity with surprising—though still limited—accuracy. Using only a few seconds of brain activity data, the AI guesses what a person has heard. It lists the correct answer in its top 10 possibilities up to 73 percent of the time, researchers found in a study.Developed at the parent company of Facebook, Meta, the AI could eventually be used to help thousands of people around the world unable to communicate through speech,typing or gestures, researchers report August 25 at .Most existing technologies to help such patients communicate require risky brain surgeries to implant electrodes. This new approach“could provide a practical path to help patients without the use of invasive methods,”says neuroscience Jeean-Remi King, a Meta AI researcher in Paris.King and his colleagues trained a computational tool to detect words and sentences on 56,000 hours of speechrecordings from 53 languages. "The tool, also known as a language model, learned how to recognize specific features of language. With the help of a computational method, the team tried to decode what participants had heard using just three seconds of brain activity data from each person. The team instructed the AI to match the speech sounds from the story recordings to patterns of brain activity that the AI computed as corresponding to what people were hearing. It then made predictions about what the person might have been hearing during that short time,given more than 1,000 possibilities. The correct answer was in the,AI's top 10 guesses up to 73 percent of the time, the researchers found.The new study is “decoding of speech perception, not production,”King notes. Though speech production is the ultimate goal,for now,“we’re quite a long way away.”32. What is the main idea of paragraph1?A.The principle of human brain activity.B.The limitation of human brain activity.C. The definition of the artificial intelligence.D. The new function of the artificial intelligence.33. Whom might the AI be beneficial toA.People unable to hear.B.People who can’t move around.C.People who are unconscious.D.People unable to communicate normally.34. What is the purpose of paragraph4A. To analyze the features of the study.B. To state the significance of the study.C. To introduce the process of the study.D. To present the achievement of the study.35. What can we infer about the Al from the passage?A. It performs well in the speech production.B. Its accuracy is far from the research's satisfaction.C. It will help patients avoid dangerous brain surgeries.D. Its language learning ability is beyond expectation.Scientists estimate that more than 95 percent of Earth's oceans have never been observed, which means we have seen less of our planet's ocean than we have the far side of the moon or the surface of Mars. The high cost of powering an underwater camera for a long time, by tying it to a research boat or sending a ship to recharge its batteries, is a steep challenge preventing widespread undersea exploration.MIT researchers have taken a major step to overcome this problem by developing a battery-free, wireless underwater camera that is about 100,000 times more than other undersea cameras. The device takes color photos, even in dark underwater environments, and transmits image data wireless through the water.The autonomous camera is powered by sound.It transforms mechanical energy from sound waves traveling through water into electrical energy that powers its imaging and communications equipment. After capturing and encoding（编码）image data，the camera also uses sound waves to transmit data to a receiver that reconstructs the image.Because it doesn't need a power source, the camera could run for weeks on end before retrieval, enabling scientists to search remote parts of the ocean for new species. It could also be used to capture images of ocean pollution or monitor the health and growth of fish raised in aquaculture farms.“One of the most exciting applications of this camera for me personally is in the context of climate monitoring. We are building climate models, but we are missing data from over 95 percent of the ocean. This technology could help us build more accurate climate models and better understand how climate change impacts the underwater world,”says Fadel Adib, associate professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.28. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us?A. The introduction of new batteries.B. The emphasis on scientists' leading work.C. The advertisement for underwater cameras.D. The difficulty of widespread undersea exploration.29.How is the camera poweredA. It is charged by batteries.B. It uses sound waves to transmit data.C.It changes sound waves into water energy.D.It changes mechanical energy into electrical energy.30. What does the underlined word“retrieval”mean in paragraph4?A. Being fetched.B.Being destroyed.C.Being out of control.D.Being reconstructed.31. What can we learn about the MIT researchers' camera?A. It affects climate change efficiently.B.It will be widely used in some fields.C.It will help know more about Mars' climate.D. It monitors the health and growth of new species.。
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案xc
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案Virtual reality can improve brain activity that may be crucial for learning, memory and even treating Alzheimer's, a study on rats has found.After monitoring the rats' brain activity, researchers from the University of California Los Angeles discovered electrical activity in a region known as the hippocampus neurons(海马体神经元) differed depending on whether the rats were placed in realworld or VR environments. The new findings are significant as the hippocampus is a primary driver of learning and memory in the brain.When rats walk around in real life, electrical activity in the hippocampus appears to synchronize(同步发生) at a rate of eight heartbeats per second. Heartbeats at this frequency are generally known as “theta(Θ) waves”，with stronger Θwaves seeming to improve the brain's ability to learn and keep sensory information. When placed in a VR environment, the rat's Θwaves became stronger.“It turns out that amazing things happen when the rat is in virtual reality，”said Prof Mayank Mehta from UCLA. The scientists also found that VR environments could change different electrical rhythms(节律) in different parts of the neurons, which indicates that scientists may be able to control human brain rhythms.“This is a new technology that has great potential，”Mehta said. The study also indicates why VR may stimulate these unique brain waves. A big part of it, Mehta puts, may be down to the very different set of stimuli presented in VR.Imagine that you're approaching a doorway in real life. Your eyes see the door getting larger. But how do you know that you're moving forward and the door isn't coming to you? The answer is that your brain uses information such as the acceleration of your head through space or the shift of weight from one foot to the other—information that may not be present during a VR experience.28. According to the passage, why are the new findings important?A. VR's contributions to learning have finally been identified.B. VR can affect electrical activity in the hippocampus neurons.C. VR produces the same effects on brains as real environments.D. VR is likely to become another driver for learning and memory.29. What can we learn about Θwaves?A. They don't respond to different brain rhythms.B. They remain stable in different environments.C. They affect how human perceive knowledge.D. They have little to do with the rate of heartbeats.30. What does the underlined word “it”in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. The potential of the new technology.B. The control of human brain rhythms.C. The change in different parts of neurons.D. The stimulation of the unique brain waves.31. How does the author introduce VR's different set of stimuli?A. By conducting further tests on rats.B. By comparing different environments.C. By providing a detailed analysis.D. By explaining the theory of VR.28～31 BCDBOne night in 1966, Michael Chapman rushed into afolk-music club in Cornwall, England to get out of the rain, and soon found himself onstage playing the guitar.“They offered me a job to play for the rest of the summer.And I've been playing ever since，”Chapman says.“I've told that story so many times, but it's absolutely true.If it hadn't been raining that night, I wouldn't be talking to you.”The British guitar player has spent the 50 years since then on the road.He released some praised albums in the 1970s, but his health went downhill in the 80s and 90s.Like a lot of British artistsin the 1960s, Chapman taught himself to play the guitar by listening to American jazz and blues records.Chapman actually taught photography, but quit when he was 26 to play music full time.When he was starting out, he was often compared to other British acoustic guitar heroes of the time, like John Martyn and Bert Jansch.“The fascinating thing about Michael Chapman is that he doesn't fit in with those guys of his generation, ”says Andrew Male, a music journalist.“He's always been an outsider.He never moved to London.”And while he never became part of the London music scene, Chapman was noticed by those musicians.“The 70s caught up with him in the 80s, ”Male says.“He had a huge heart attack at the end of the 80s that nearly finished him off.When he made his way back into the world in the early 90s, people had forgotten about him.”But not everyone.A younger generation of musicians in America, including Thurston Moore of Sonic Youth and a younger singer and guitarist named Steve Gunn, recently rediscovered Chapman.“We wanted to capture Michael's voice and character where he is now.You know, it's a little road-weary, but he still has it, ”Gunn says.“For me, it was really important to get that right.”“He's the right old musician for present times，”Male says.“I think the music he makes seems quite in tune with where we're at.”1．Which can best describe Michael Chapman's first involvement in music?A．Untrue. B．Accidental.C．Unfortunate. D．Reasonable.2．What can we learn about Michael Chapman from the text?A．He has taught photography for 26 years.B．He taught himself to play the guitar and did far better than John Martyn.C．To some degree, he is not accepted by other people of his generation.D．He is one of the best guitar players in the early 90s.3．Why did Michael Chapman quit his music career once?A．He lost his special voice.B．He suffered from a severe heart attack.C．He got tired of competing with others.D．He was almost forgotten by everyone.4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．The Rise and Fall of Guitar MusicB．The Sad Story of a Guitar MusicianC．A New Generation Helps an Old Guitar MusicianD．A Brief Introduction to a Guitar MusicianBCBD。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案A new study published in Thursday’s edition of Cell reports that mosquitoes’sense of smell is more complex than we once thought. And it may explain how they are so good at seeking us out in the darkness and lead to new strategies to fight against the potentially deadly diseases caused by their bites.Until Meg Younger, co-author of the study, and her colleagues started studying mosquitoes, it’s long been known that mosquitoes rely on multiple clues to target humans, First, they will sense the CO2 in the breath from a distance that can be more than 30 feet. After the CO2, then they begin to sense human body smells. They follow the odors(气味) and, when they get very close, start to detect body heat. Once they land on the skin, they look for a place to bite with their legs.In many parts of the world, their bites may lead to such diseases as dengue, Zika, chikungunya and malaria. The latter disease alone causes over half a million deaths each year around the globe.“But most of what we know about mosquitoes’sense of smell comes from the study of the brains of mice and fruit flies, where the pathways between the brain and smell detectors are fairly simple: Each neuron(神经元) in their smell detectors just responds to a single kind of smell and all the neurons for that smell are connected to the same part of their brains. Of course, there are countless different detectors responding to countless smells,”says Younger. “When we started looking inside mosquito brains, we found that each neuron can detect multiple smells.”“It’s a great breakthrough,”says Josefina del Marmol, a scientist at the Harvard Medical School who wasn’t involved with the research. “It will change a lot about what we know of how mosquitoes interact with the world and give researchers additional ways to fight the bugs. But there’s more work to be done to test, neuron by neuron, which neuron actually responds to which human body smells.”12. What can be learned about mosquitoes from paragraph 2?A. They look for a place to bite with their eyes.B. They can only detect humans within 30 feet.C. They are first attracted by human body smells.D. They are more sensitive to the CO2 in the breath.13. Which disease causes more than 0.5 million deaths each year in the world?A. Malaria.B. Zika.C. Dengue.D. Chikungunya.14. What is Meg Younger’s new discovery?A. The pathways in the brains of mice are fairly simple.B. A neuron in mosquitoes’detectors can detect many smells.C. All the neurons for a smell are connected to the same part of the brain.D. The neurons in fruit flies’brains just respond to a single kind of smell.15. What does Josefina del Marmol say about the new study?A. The process is not very complete.B. The conclusion is not very reliable.C. More specific tests have to be done.D. The research method is too complex.【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. CFor anyone trying to lose weight, there’s a truth we can all universally acknowledge that better health is often positioned as a numbers game. Hit the right number, and all your health problems will magically resolve, so the logic goes. Yet increasingly, science is revealing that losing weight may not be a silver bullet after all. In a mouse study published in the journal Science, looking specifically at an inflammatory( 炎症的) eye condition linked to obesity called macular degeneration( 黄斑退化), researchers found the struggle for better health doesn’t necessarily begin and end with weight loss.Researchers conducted experiments on mice that were fed a high-fat diet for 11 weeks, making them gain weight. The micewere then put on a diet of low-fat food for 9 weeks, making them lose weight. Another group of mice only ate the low-fat diet as a control. Researchers shot lasers into the eyes of both the yo-yo dieter mice and the control mice to encourage atypical blood vessel ( 非典型性血管) growth, a mark of macular degeneration.Among the mice that had gained and then lost weight, there was about 40 percent more atypical blood vessel growth than their stable diet peers. Driving the growth appeared to be macrophages( 巨噬细胞). In the yo-yo dieter mice, these cells had been reprogrammed to cause inflammation. Taken together, these cells appeared to have an outsize role in atypical blood vessel growth in the eyes. Meanwhile, in the mice fed only a low-fat diet, inflammatory changes were absent. The results suggest that eating a high-fat diet that causes weight gain, even if followed by weight loss, leaves an inflammatory mark on mouse macrophages.The research comes during a period of renewedinterest in anti-obesity drugs. But medicines that helppeople shed pounds do not treat inflammation linked to ahistory of weight gain. “How to engage thesefindings with medicine interventions is a challenge,”says Bapat, head of the research.1. Which of the following best explains “a silver bullet ”underlined in paragraph1?A. A workable solution.B. A tough choice.C. An ultimate objective.D. A major challenge.2. How do researchers carry out the experiment?A. By making comparison.B. By listing examples.C. By controling test methods.D. By analyzing diet components.3. What can we learn about the research results?A. Stable dieting drives the growth of macrophages.B. Reprogrammed cells are to blame for weight gain.C. Inflammatory changes are caused by the low-fat diet.D. Losing weight doesn’t resolve the inflammation tied to weight gain.4. What will the research focus on next?A. Exploring ways of losing weight.B. Tracking the history of weight loss.C. Treating obesity-linked inflammation.D. Boosting interest in anti-obesity drugs.。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读训练含答案
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读训练含答案A man wearing sunglasses grabs the mic and stands in a relaxed posture ready to make the audience laugh. Seeing how easily he moves, one can hardly notice that the stylish comedian, Gao Xiang, has any problems with vision.Gao was diagnosed with the rare eye disease —Stargardt. Initially, he refused to accept the cruel situation. He kept escaping the fact until 2013, when he could use the computer more efficiently with the help of special programs designed to help visually disabled people . Consequently, he got the courage to be frank about his and found that people didn' t care about the problem as he had imagined. His working ability also helped remove any feelings of inferiority that he had. He tried to become mentally stronger to accept reality and get his life back on track.Two years ago, he decided to become a full-time stand-up comedian. What has been motivating Gao to be so active in the comedy industry is his eagerness to draw the public;s attention to the disease. "As it is a rare disease, medical institutions and companies might lack the driving force to make great efforts to finda cure,“ he says. want to unite the patients in China and voice out loud our urgent demands/1Besides, he and two friends launched a public account on WeChat called Stargardt Care Center, through which they share inspiring stories of people suffering from the eye disorder, instructions for those on how to use computers and translations of foreign essays that explore the possibilities of curing the disease. By now, the account has managed to attract more than 1, 000 Stargardt patients and their family members. And some Non- Governmental Organisations also have got in touch with them to see if they could provide help to the community."Stand-up comedy has saved me and enabled me to meet interesting people and do what is worth doing,“ Gao says.4.What does the underlined word “inferiority" in paragraph 2 mean?A.Being proud.B.Being bored.C. Being unconfident.D. Being modest.5.What drove Gao to become a comedian?A.His eagerness for money.B.His faith in challenging himself.C.His ability in performance.D.His desire to fight the disease.6.What can people do with the Gao z s public account?A.The visually disabled can learn computer skills.B.Experts can provide medical help for the patients.C.Patients can read original articles about the disease.edians can post jokes to meet interesting people.7.Which of the following could best describe Gao Xiang?A. Sensible and tolerant.8.Positive and inspiring.9.Talented and aggressive.10.Enthusiastic and punctual.CDABMercy Baggs is reflecting on her future. "Should I live to 95, Iwould do another parachute jump, " she says. She first jumped when she was 77 in honor of her achievements as mayor of the Wiltshire town of Caine. Then she jumped again last March, a day before her 90th birthday, to raise funds for Wiltshire air ambulance.“This is the thrill of it, " she says. "You go up, and then that door opens and the wind starts to come through. You free-fall for a long time. " She has always enjoyed risks since she was a child, when people used to look down on her. But nobody does now.As a child, she lived in poverty and also went through ups and downs, am very sensitive to people who are more unfortunate, " Baggs says. As a young adult, she joined the British Transport Commission police, but dealing with children who couldn't find their parents was too much to bear. knew what they were going through. I like kids. I really do. " Later she left the police and worked in Wiltshire council. But no doubt her childhood fed into her actions as a councillor, and later mayor in Caine, where she helped to set up a drop-in centre for young people. The drop-in was one of the causes she raised money for with that first leap out of the plane.But why a parachute jump? At the time, her late husband, John, was ill with bowel cancer. He said, do wish you wouldn't do it. " She said, "John, it's life. I've got to do something."Baggs has never been fazed by ageing. She says that she wanted “to show that you don't have to sit on your backside knitting or watching television all the time. There's a world out there. There's a life out there. " She hopes for at least one more skydive, maybe a go on a lOOmph zip wire and "a peaceful end”.4.Why did Mercy Baggs make her first parachute jump?A.To celebrate her 90h birthday.B.To make others look up to her.C. To raise funds for an air ambulance.D. To mark her term of office as mayor.5.What impact did her childhood experiences make on her career?A.She did parachute jumps as a part-time job.B.She showed great concern for unlucky children.C.She found it very tough to work with young people.D.She left the drop-in centre and prepared a run for mayor.6.What does the underlined word "fazed“ mean in the last paragraph?A.Disturbed.B.Abandoned.C.Witnessed.D.Embarrassed.A.What does Baggs intend to convey with one more jump?A. It is never too old to learn.B.Enjoy life with her family.C.Failure is the mother of success.D.Be brave to face challenges in life.DBAD以上就是本文的全部内容。
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案Yo-Yo Ma is an American cellist (大提琴家) born in Paris to Chinese parents.His musical career is a testament to his belief in culture's power to generate trust and understanding.Whether performing works, engaging unexpected musical forms, or working with communities and institutions to explore culture's role in society, he works to create a better world that begins with culture.Expanding upon this belief, in 1998 he established Silkroad, a collective of artists worldwide creating music that engages many traditions.In addition to presenting performances, Silkroad cooperates with museums and universities to develop training programs for teachers, musicians, and learners of allages.Through his work with Silkroad, he frequently performs lesser-known music.Besides, he partners with communities and institutions to develop programs that champion culture's power to transform lives and create a more connected world.Among his many roles, he is artistic director of the annual Youth Music CultureGuangdong festival, a UN Messenger of Peace, and the first artist ever appointed to the World Economic Forum's board of trustees.When the pandemic began, Yo-Yo began an online series titled “Songs of Comfort”to ease anxieties.His short, self-shot videos soon reached over 18 million people.On March 13, 2021, after receiving the 2nd COVID-19 shot, he transformed a clinic into a temporary concert hall, in a moment that residents called a symbolic representation of “the light at the end of the tunnel”．Yo-Yo Ma once said every generation has a chance to do better, to create a world that works for all.To him, doing better begins with culture —the point at which the arts, sciences, and society cross.1．The underlined word “testament”in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”．A．thought B．proofC．invitation D．reaction2．What do we know about Silkroad from the text?A．It offered music trainings independently.B．It was set up by museums and universities.C．It benefited traditional and unpopular music.D．It was intended to create more musical forms. 3．Which of the following best describes Yo-Yo Ma?A．Fair and determined.B．Humorous and smart.C．Generous and traditional.D．Open-minded and positive.4．What's the best title for the text?A．Music Knows No BoundariesB．Music Matters to Build a Connected WorldC．Yo-Yo Ma: Dream and Hope Make One Artist Innovator D．Yo-Yo Ma: Pathway to a Better World Begins with Culture BCDDThe concept of ownership comes so easily to humans that even preschoolers have got it.Robots，on the other hand，often struggle to grasp such abstract concepts.Now a well-mannered robot that can make it has been programmed.“Teaching robots ownership-related etiquette(礼仪) is really，really worthwhile，”says Matthias Scheutz，a computer scientist at Tufts University.“We can’t just send out robots who are unaware of who owns what...If I instruct a robot to ‘build a fence’，and it goes to the neighbor’s and starts ‘stealing’boards，that’s not what we have in mind.”The new socially conscious robot can learn who owns what from clear statements as well as its own observations.The robot learns its code of conduct(行为准则) from direct orders and generalizing from specific examples.For instance，if the robot is told not to touch several objects that it knows belong to specific people，the robot will deduce that，as a general rule，it shouldn’t touch owned objects.Artificial intelligence(AI) expert Tan Xuan and colleagues at Yale University found out how the robot reacts in experiments with blocks on a table.In one session，Tan played with only the red blocks，leading the robot to infer that these blocks belongedto the same person.When Tan instructed the robot to throw away everything on the table and the machine reached for a red block，Tan stopped the robot，saying，“That’s mine.”Now aware that it should not throw Tan’s belongings，and assuming that the rest of the red blocks belonged to Tan as well，the robot cleared the table of everything but red blocks.Later，when Tan’s colleague Jake Brawer directed the robot to throw out a red block，the robot replied，“Sorry，I’m forbidden to throw it away if it’s owned by Tan.”Though robots may have more difficulty understanding who owns what in situations filled with far more objects of much wider variety than blocks on a table，Scheutz called it a good “first attempt”at equipping robots with an appreciation of ownership.5．What does the second paragraph focus on?A．The way of teaching robots ownership.B．The basics of the human-robot relationship.C．The benefit of robots’learning ownership.D．The importance of robots’learning code of conduct.6．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “deduce”in Paragraph 3?A．Conclude. B．Admit.C．Agree. D．Doubt.7．Why did Tan Xuan use the blocks in experiments?A．To train the robot.B．To predict the robot’s move.C．To test the robot’s behavior.D．To study the robot’s preference.8．What does the author want to show by mentioning Jake Brawer in the last paragraph?A．The robot knows who to obey.B．The robot can learn who owns what.C．The robot follows no wrong orders.D．The robot can solve complex situations.DACB。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案w
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案When asked about happiness,we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight,which seems to get rarer the older we get.For kids,happiness has a magical quality.Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫不掩饰的).In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes.Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement,loveand popularity.I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.In adulthood the things that bring deep joy----love,marriage,birth----also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.For adults,happiness is complicated(复杂的)My definition fo happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”.The more we can enjoy what we have,the happier we are.It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends,the freedom to live where we please,and even goo health.I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday.First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch-box and had the house to myself.Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing,which I love.When the kids and my husband came home,I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work.I don’t think that my grandmother,who raised 14 children,had much of either.She did have a network of close friends and family,and maybe thisis what satisfied her.We,however,with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area,have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have.We’ve so self-conscious about our “right”to it that it’s making us miserable.So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success,without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happierHappiness isn’t about what happens to us----it’s about how we see what happens to us.It’s the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative.It’s not wishing for what we don’t have,but enjoying what we do possess.51.As people grow older,theyA.feel it harder to experience happinessB.associate their happiness less with othersC.will take fewer risks in pursuing happinessD.tend to believe responsibility means happiness52.What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6?A.She cares little about her own healthB.She enjoys the freedom of travelingC.She is easily pleased by things in daily lifeD.She prefers getting pleasure from housework53.What can b informed from Paragraph 7?A.Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happinessB.Psychologists’opinion is well proved by Grandma’caseC.Grandma often found time for social gatheringsD.Grandma’s happiness came from modest expectations of life54.People who equal happiness with wealth and successA.consider pressure something blocking their wayB.stress then right to happiness too muchC.are at a loss to make correct choicesD.are more likely to be happy55.What can be concluded from the passage?A.Happiness lies between the positive and the negativeB.Each man is the master of his own fateC.Success leads to happinessD.Happy is he who is contentConsumers in the U.S. spend billions of dollars a year on gifts wrapping. Two colleagues and I wondered whether all that timeand effort is actually worth it. So we conducted three experiments to explore the impact of gift wrapping.In the first experiment, we involved 180 students, who were given a gift—a coffee cup with the logo of one of two NBA basketball teams, the local Miami Heat or rival (竞争对手) Orlando Magic. Every participant was a fan of the Heat and they obviously didn’t support the Magic. We gave half of the students a desirable gift, while the others received something they disliked. Finally, half of the gifts were wrapped neatly, while the rest looked sloppy (凌乱的).We found that those who received a sloppily wrapped gift liked their present significantly more than those who received a neatly wrapped gift—regardless of which cup they got.To understand why, we asked another set of students to report their expectations about either a neatlyor sloppily wrapped gift. Results showed that expectations were significantly higher for the neatly wrapped gifts. However, receivers of the neatly wrapped gift reported that it failed to live up to their expectations, while those who got the sloppily wrapped gift said it surpassed (超过) their expectations.In our final experiment, we surveyed 261 adults and asked them to imagine receiving either a neatly or sloppily wrapped gift. This time we instructed half of them to imagine the gift was from a close friend, while the other half believed it came from an acquaintance (熟人). Then we revealed the gift and asked them to rate it.When it came from a close friend, receivers ended up liking the sloppily wrapped gift more. However, for the gift froman acquaintance, receivers preferred it when it was neatly wrapped. This occurs because these participants used the wrapping as a cue for how much the gift-giver values their relationship.So if you’re stressed over gift wrapping this holiday season, consider saving yourself effort and money by wrapping your friends’gifts haphazardly (随意地). But for someone you don’t know quite as well, it’s probably worth it to show that you put in some effort to make it look good with all of the beautiful bows.12. What did the researchers find in the first experiment?A. A desirable gift is expected to be wrapped sloppily.B. Participants were more interested in neatly wrapped gifts.C. A sloppily wrapped gift can make the receiver much happier.D. Participants responded the same to gifts with different wrappings.13. Why did the researchers carry out the second experiment?A. To further explain the result of the first experiment.B. To compare receivers’expectations for the same gifs.C. To know why receivers have different expectations for gifs.D. To find out the impact of wrapping on receives’expectations.14. What do neatly wrapped gifts show according to the third experiment?A. The gift giver is very skilled at wrapping gifts,B. The gift giver has a close relationship with the receiver.C. The gift giver attaches great importance to the relationship.D. The gift giver wants to become a close friend of the receiver.15. What does the author want to do in the last paragraph?A. To give examples.B. To make suggestions.C. To make comparisons.D. To present an argument.。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案y
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案The days of staring at the computer screen pretending to be interested in an assignment even though you are bored out of your mind may soon be coming to an end. That's because if Dr Harry Witchel, Discipline Leader in Physiology at England's Brighton and Sussex Medical School, has his way, computers of the future will be able to detect boredom and even react to it real-time.But before you get concerned, the machine is not reading your mind. It is just keeping track of the constant involuntary（无意识的）movements that people exhibit when in front of a computer or even a television. These are not the bigger instrumental actions like moving a mouse or using the remote, but barely noticeable movements like scratching, fidgeting, or stretching. Witchel says the level of movement is directly linked to how absorbed the person is in what he or she is reading or watching. The higher the interest level. the less the movement!To test the theory, Witchel and his team invited 27 people and exposed them to a variety of digital content for threeminutes at a time. The activities ranged from playing online games to reading documents like the banking regulations that most people would find boring.A video motion tracker monitored their movements as they powered through each assignment. Just as the researchers had expected, the involuntary actions decreased dramatically, by as much as 42%, when the participants were totally absorbed in what they were reading or seeing.Fortunately, the scientists are not planning to use the findings to create machines that report students who are not focusing at school. Instead, they believe that combining the motion detecting technology with future computers will help enhance the digital learning experience.The scientists say that being able to measure the students' interest level will enable educators to adjust the materialsreal-time and re-engage the students. Witchel also believes that the technology can provide filmmakers with honest audience opinions.8. According to Dr Harry, what will future computers be able to do?A. Keep a learner from distraction.B. Help a learner with his assignments.C. Read a learner's mind exactly real-time.D. Identify dullness of a learner and respond to it.9. How does an absorbed learner tend to behave?A. Laugh and shout excitedly.B. Use less energy in an assignment.C. Perform fewer involuntary actions.D. Show noticeable movements constantly.10. What is the value of this technology for educators?A. Bettering their digital learning experience.B. Introducing more computers into class.C. Finding the absent-minded students in class.D. Detecting what interests the students most.11. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To introduce an upcoming technology.B. To update educators' teaching concept.C. To show what learning will be like in the future.D. To explain how life will be shaped by technology.Several days ago Spanish fashion brand Zara sparked a fierce debate after releasing its latest campaign featuring a Chinese model with freckles (雀斑). Actually, there are some different beauty standards between the East and the West.In East Asia, freckles might be considered a “destructive weakness”for celebrities, especially actors or singers. Although normal people don’t care that much, subconsciously they might prefer a “clean”face. Generally speaking, freckles are more likely to appear if people are out in the sun frequently, and most East Asian women avoid the sun as best they can.Having freckles, instead, is a trademark for unconventional beauty in the Western world, and some call freckles “angelkisses”. For most westerners, having freckles is no longer just something you have to live with; instead, it is something to be desired. After all, not everyone is lucky enough to have freckles.When it comes to eye shapes, it seems Western and Chinese beauty standards don’t see eye-to-eye. Many Chinese think girls with big eyes are the most beautiful. If their eyes have a double-fold eyelid, that is considered perfect. However, most foreigners seem to prefer Chinese girls with slanted (斜的) and narrow eyes and eyebrows. Chinese known model Lyv Yan is often considered the country’s most beautiful by foreigners, while quite a few Chinese people think her appearance doesn’t fit with traditional beauty standards.Young, girly feature or hot and mature feature? Zhao Liying from China, Aragaki Yui from Japan and Lim Yoon-A from South Korea enjoy high popularity in Asia, as they boast bright faces with warm smiles, which win them lots of male fans. The three young celebrities represent Asia’s beauty standards: women with cute, girly features. Most women in Asia try their best to stay young accordingly. Unlike Chinese girls, Western girls think a more mature look shows independence and uniqueness. The superhero Wonder Woman is an ideal type for most.As ties continue to grow between China and the West, it is unavoidable that these beauty standards develop. But one thing’s for sure-no matter how you look, you are who you are, and that should be satisfaction enough.12. What do most western people think of having freckles?A. It is something unbearable.B. It is a destructive weakness.C. It is something to wish for.D. It is a symbol of traditional beauty.13. What do the underlined words “see eye-to-eye”mean in Paragraph 4?A. Have the same opinion.B. Recognize their strengths.C. Misunderstand each other.D. Argue against one another.14. Why do western girls prefer to appear mature?A. They think this beauty standard is better.B. They want to look independent and unique.C. They hope to have high popularity in Asia.D. They admire Wonder Woman very much.15. What does the text mainly talk about?A. What Zara’s beauty standard is.B. Why Chinese people don’t like freckles.C. What causes the different beauty standards.D. How easterners and westerners think of beauty.。
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解训练含答案x
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解训练含答案Sunlight may have helped remove as much as 17 percent of the oil on the surface of the Gulf of Mexico following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill (泄漏). That means that sunlight plays a bigger role in cleaning up such spills than previously thought, researchers suggested on February 16.When sunlight shines on spilled oil in the sea, it can kick off a chain of chemical reactions, transforming the oil into new compounds. Some of these reactions can increase how easily the oil dissolves in water, called photodissolution (光溶解). But there has been little data on how much of the oil becomeswater-soluble.To assess this, environmental chemists Danielle Haas Freeman and Collin Ward, both of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts, placed samples of the Macondo oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill on glass disks and irradiated (照射) them with light using LEDs that send out wavelengths found in sunlight. The two then chemically analyzed theirradiated oil to see how much was transformed into dissolved organic carbon.The most important factors in photodissolution, the researchers found, were the thickness of the slick and the wavelengths of light. Longer wavelengths dissolved less oil, possibly because they are more easily scattered by water, than shorter wavelengths. How long the oil was exposed to light was not as important.Though the team didn’t specifically test for seasonal or latitude differences, computer simulations based on the lab data suggested that those factors, as well as the oil’s chemical makeup, also matter.The researchers estimate irradiation helped dissolve from 3 to 17 percent of surface oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill, comparable to processes such as evaporation and grounding on coastlines. What impact the sunlight-produced compounds might have on marine ecosystems, however, isn’t yet known.12. In which section of a news website may this text appear?A. Education.B. Science.C. Travel.D. Health.13. How does sunlight remove the spilled oil in the ocean?A. By transforming the oil into water.B. By turning the oil into dissolved organic carbon.C. By speeding up the chemical reactions of water.D. By preventing the chemical reactions of the oil.14. What matters most in photodissolution according to Danielle and Collin?A. The oil’s chemical makeup.B. The time of exposure to light.C. Seasonal and latitude differences.D. The thickness of the slick and wavelengths of light.15. What’s the text mainly about?A. Various factors affect the photodissolution of oil spills in the ocean.B. The Deepwater Horizon spill greatly damaged the marine ecosystem.C. Sunlight may help clean up oil spills in the ocean more than previously thought.D. Sunlight-produced compounds might have a great impact on marine ecosystems.Keys BBDC[2021·天津二模卷]From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know”all the words they are reading. This means that when they don't know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now I'm going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that's enough for me. Also I'm not going to ask you what words mean.”The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, “Mr Holt, do you really mean that？”I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.”During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk. From a glimpse of the illustrations, I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It can't be，”and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick, in edition with woodcuts. I said, “Don't you find parts of it rather heavy going？”She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is—an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding”that can be dug out of a book.1．According to the passage, children's fear and dislike of books may result from ________.A．reading little and thinking littleB．reading often and adventurouslyC．being made to read too muchD．being made to read aloud before others2．The teacher told his students to read ________.A．for enjoymentB．for knowledgeC．for a larger vocabularyD．for higher scores in exams3．Upon hearing the teacher's talk, the children probably felt that ________.A．it sounded stupidB．it was not surprising at allC．it sounded too good to be trueD．it was not different from other teachers' talk4．Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?A．She skipped over those easy parts while reading.B．She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.C．She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.D．She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.5．From the teacher's point of view, ________.A．children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while readingB．children should be left to decide what to read and how to readC．reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in schoolD．reading involves understanding every little piece of informationKeys DACCB。
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案Samsung Electronics America announced that Galaxy device owners can make their own repairs to the Galaxy S20 and S21 family of products, as well as the Galaxy Tab S7+, starting August 2nd.Samsung is cooperating with iFixit,the leading online repair community, to deliver their Self-Repair program. This program adds to Samsung’s continued expansions for convenient repair for consumers and helps them with sustainable solutions to support a more circular economy by extending the life of their devices, as well as minimizing e-waste.Samsung consumers who wish to make their own repairs can now purchase real device parts and convenient, easy-to-use repair tools, available through iFixit, Samsung retail (零售) and service locations, at the same pricing offered to our repair providers. In addition, Galaxy device owners will have full access to online repair guides that provide both visual and written step-by-step instructions, and best of all, at no cost.“Making replacement parts available is a key sustainability strategy. We’re excited to be working directly with Samsung and their customers to extend the lifetime of their phones,”said CEO of iFixit.Starting today, Galaxy device owners can replace the phone screen, back glass, and charging ports. In the future, Samsung plans to expand self-repair to include more devices and repair options from our extensive product portfolio (产品组合).Furthermore, the program makes it easy for consumers to return their thrown-away parts for responsible recycling, as the new display kits will come with a return label to shipthrown-away parts back to Samsung — at no cost to the consumer.In addition to the convenience of these new self-repair options, Galaxy smartphone owners have a choice on how they can extend the life of their devices across Samsung’s expansive care options, including: Through Samsung’s perfect care network, customers have access to over 11,000 Samsung Mobile certified repair technicians in the U.S.12. Who will do the repair work under the Self-Repair program?A. The iFixit community.B. The Galaxy consumers.C. Samsung Repair staff.D. The devices themselves.13. What is the Samsung company aiming to do according to paragraph 2?A. To promote a circular economy.B. To make full use of the old parts.C. To enrich the life of the phone users.D. To ensure better service by iFixit.14. Which of the following is free of charge?A. The Samsung device parts.B. New Samsung products.C. The written repair instructions.D. The easy-to-use repair tools.15. Which can be the best title for the text?A. A New InventionB. A New TechnologyC. A Successful CooperationD. An Initiative practiceAlice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’teeth, instead of destroying them.It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?”With that in mind,Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.With her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product—CanCandy.As CanCandy’s success grows, so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.Meanwhile, with her parents’help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded hercompany early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy’s profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.28．How did Moore react to her dad’s warning?A．She argued with him.B．She tried to find a way out.C．She paid no attention.D．She chose to consult dentists.29．What is special about CanCandy?A．It is beneficial to dental health.B．It is free of sweeteners.C．It is sweeter than other candies.D．It is produced to a dentists’recipe.30．What does Moore expect from her business?A．To earn more money.B．To help others find smiles.C．To make herself stand out.D．To beat other candy companies.31．What can we learn from Alice Moore’s story? A．Fame is a great thirst of the young.B．A youth is to be regarded with respect. C．Positive thinking and action result in success. D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied B AB C。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案wr
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案From Latin America to Sichuan province, chili peppers and their famous burning taste have become a worldwide sensation (热门) But how could something that burns so hot possibly be any good for people?In a study by researchers at Marshall University in the Us, scientists made the first complete description of capsaicin (辣椒素)—a chemical found in spicy chilis—and its anti-cancer properties. Although capsaicin is not normally a good medicine due to some negative properties such as its spicy flavor, the study found that there are ways to bring out its anti-cancer benefits while overcoming these negatives.In nature, capsaicin evolved as a defense mechanism in plants to drive away unwanted animals while attracting those that could spread the seeds, such as birds which cannot taste or feel the spice. From a scientific point of view, capsaicin works by triggering a pain receptor called TRPV1, causing the body to react as if it had actually touched something hot and dangerous. Yet, this natural repellent (驱虫剂) for most animals has insteadbecome a favorite food for many people, often called “chiliheads”.So, what is it that attracts humans to capsaicin, chili peppers and spicy food in general? Besides its many health benefits —such as pain relief, weight loss, and body heat regulation—people love eating chili peppers precisely because it hits the pain receptors in just the right way.As Scientific American noted: “People seem to enjoy —and actively seek out—many other sensations ... the sensation of falling provided by roller coasters or skydiving, the feelings of fear and anxiety while watching horror movies, the physical pain experienced upon jumping into icy water, or even the feelings of sadness that come while watching a tearjerker.”So, the next time you bite into a hot chili pepper, remember: its not just healthy, but fun too!32. What can we learn from the result of the study by researchers at Marshall University?A. The study describes capsaicin for the first time.B. Capsaicin contributes to the prevention of cancer.C. There is a chemical called capsaicin in spicy chilis.D. The negative features of capsaicin cannot be overcome.33. How does capsaicin benefit plants?A. It stops birds from eating plants.B. It causes more seeds to be produced.C. It attracts some animals to distribute seeds.D. It helps plants survive in hot or dangerous situations.34. How does the author prove spicy food is fun?A. By illustration.B. By statistics.C. By comparison.D. By definition.35. What is the passage mainly about?A. Why some people enjoy spicy food.B. How chili peppers are so burning.C. How plants benefit from capsaicin.D. Where capsaicin can be found.American Airlines announced an agreement in mid-August to buy 20 supersonic Overture planes from Boom Supersonic, a US-based start-up company focused on the productionof supersonic commercial aircraft.The Overture is planned to transport between 65 and 80 passengers at speeds of over 1.7 times that of the speed of sound (,235 km/h) - twice that of the fastest traditional commercial airplane on the market today.The idea of riding aboard a plane at supersonic speeds might seem like a scary one; but, in fact, it might even be smoother than flying on a traditional airplane.Most commercial airliners fly between 11.5 and 12 kilometers high in the sky, but the Overture will fly at about 18.29 kilometers by comparison. The higher a plane flies, the thinner the air is, resulting in less turbulence (颠簸).As Lourdes Maurice, a mechanical engineer and advisor to Boom Supersonic, remarked about her supersonic flight on the Concorde, the Overture's predecessor: “Climbing to 60,000 feet (about 18.29 km) was incredibly smooth. There was no turbulence. We knew we were flying supersonically, but our bodies didn't give us any signs.”Since the first supersonic flight by the US Air Force in October 1947 and the first commercial supersonic flight in 1976, the promise of supersonic flight has been an alluring goal; yet, the path forward has seen many obstacles. The biggest problem is that massive, powerful sound waves called “sonic booms”are created when an object breaks the sound barrier.Similar to thunder, these sonic booms are difficult to ignore when flying over residential areas. Besides noise pollution, the use of supersonic aircraft has also been criticized for is huge fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in bans on supersonic commercial flights in many countries.Since the last commercial supersonic flight of the Concorde in 2003, the dream of supersonic travel appeared dead. However, with improvements being made to supersonic plane designs and fuel efficiency, the dream could come back to life once more.28. What do we know about the Overture?A. It will fly as high as 1829 feet.B. It will travel much faster than sound.C. It will carry out the first supersonic flight.D. It will fly at twice the speed of traditional planes.29. Which is the main factor that determines a plane's stability?A. Its flight altitude.B. Its top flight speed.C. Its carrying capacity.D. Its ability to reduce turbulence.30. What does the underlined word “alluring”mean in paragraph 6?A. ScientificB. Inviting.C. Demanding.D. Essential.31. Which of the following needs improving most about supersonic fight?A. Huge fuel consumption.B. High development costs.C. Excessive noise generation.D. High greenhouse gas emissions.。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案x
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular （心血管）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the mediumfitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness."However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only showsan association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.7. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?A. Positive effects of doing exercises.B. Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.C. Experimental studies on diseases.D. Advantages of sporty woman over man8. Why did the researchers ask the woman to do bicycle exercise?A. To predict their maximum heart rate.B. To assess their cardiovascular capacityC. To change their habits of working outD. To detect their potential health problems9. What do we know about Dr Horder's study?A. It aimed to find a cure for dementia.B. Data collection was a lengthy process.C. Some participants withdrew from it.D. The results were far from satisfactory.10. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. More Women Are Exercising to Prevent DementiaB. Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More ExerciseC. Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop DementiaD. Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular FitnessResearchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a “vocabulary”of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system ofcommunication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.“That’s what’s so amazing about chimp gestures,”she said. “They’re the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.”Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal’s call, the animals do not appear to use theirvoices intentionally to communicate messages. This wasa significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signalling: “Climb on me.”The youngster immediately jumps on to its mother’s back and they travel off together. “The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there that is meaningful in its communication, so that’s not unique to humans,”said Dr Hobaiter.Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthyin seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of humanlanguage. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”.“The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,”she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to notgo beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains.”27. What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter?A. Memorizing specific words.B. Understanding complex information.C. Using voices to communicate.D. Communicating messages on purpose.28. What did Dr Shultz think of the study?A. It was well designed but poorly conducted.B. It was a good try but the findings were limited.C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.29. What does the underlined word “gulf”in the last paragraph mean?A. Difference.B. Conflict.C. BalanceD. Connection.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthroughB. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skillsC. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdomD. Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案v
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案Doug Falter, an American photographer, returned home, teary-eyed and exhausted. He pouted online that evening, "I lost my baby." That "baby" referred to a surfboard that had been custom-made for him. Hours earlier, a big wave had separated Falter from this prized possession.Months passed with no sign of the surfboard. Falter saved money to buy a new surfboard for $ 1,500. But Falter never completely forgot the surfboard, which - six months later and more than 5,000 miles away from where it disappeared-floated to the southern Philippines.The local fisherman who found it didn't have much use of his unusual catch of the day, so he sold the board for $ 40 to Giovanne Branzuela, an elementary school teacher. Branzuela hoped to learn to surf and one day share the skill with his students,who regularly accompany him on beach clean-ups.The once-blue board had faded to a pale straw color during its journey, but its distinctive markings were still there: twoelephants, one at either end. Underneath the elephants were the words "Doug Falter Surfboard".Branzuela couldn't believe it on realizing how far the surfboard had traveled. He reached Falter online and sent him a photo of the surfboard. Falter was shocked to learn that his "baby"had drifted(漂流) across the world's largest ocean and survived. He was overjoyed.But the story was far from over. Falter wanted to thank Branzuela with some surfing supplies for his kind act, but the teacher asked for school supplies instead, such as backpacks for his students and materials to help them learn English.Falter said it made him raise money for the kids. So far, he has collected $ 2,500,which he has used to buy and ship maps, puzzles, classroom posters, textbooks, and workbooks.4. What happened to Doug Falter that afternoon?A. His baby was lost on the beach.B. The sea carried away his surfboard.C. He took excellent photos of the surf.D. His custom-made camera was damaged.5. Why did Giovanne Branzuela buy the surlboard?A. He liked the pale straw color of it.B. He found it belonged to Doug Falter.C. He found the fisherman charged low for it.D. He wanted to learn a new skill to teach his students.6. What can we infer about the surfboard?A. Branzuela kept it as a prized possession.B. Branzuela's students learned surfing with it.C. It was returned to its owner after a long journey.D. Falter sold it to help Philippine children.7. Which of the following can best describe Giovanne Branzuela?A. Selfless.B. Merciful.C. Generous.D. Knowledgeable.The life story of the human species goes back a million years, and there is no doubt that man came only recently to the western hemisphere. None of the thousands of sites of aboriginal (土著的) habitation uncovered in North and South America has antiquity comparable to that of old World sites. Man’s occupation of the New World may date several tens of thousands of years, but no one rationally argues that he has been here even 100,000 years.Speculation as to how man found his way to America was lively at the outset, and the proposed routes boxed the compass. With one or two notable exceptions, however, students of American anthropology soon settled for the plausible idea that the first immigrants came b way of a land bridge that had connected the northeast comer of Asia to the northwest corner of North America across the Bering Strait. Mariners were able to supply the reassuring information that the strait is not only narrow –it is 56 miles wide –but also shallow, a lowering of the sea level there by 100 feet or so would transform the straitinto an isthmus (地峡). With little eels in the way of evidence to sustain the Bering Strait land bridge, anthropologists (人类学家) embraced the idea that man walked dryshod (不湿鞋的) from Asia to America.Toward the end of the last century, however, it became apparent that the Western Hemisphere was the New World not only for man but also for a host of animals and plants. Zoologists and botanists showed that numerous subjects of their respective kingdoms must have originated in Asia and spread to America. These findings were neither astonishing nor wholly unexpected. Such spread of populations is not to be envisioned as an exodus or mass migration, even in the case of animals. It is, rather, a spilling into new territory that accompanies increase in numbers, with movement in the direction of least population pressure and most favorable ecological conditions. But the immense traffic in plant and animal’s forms placed a heavy burden on the Bering Strait land bridge as the anthropologists ahead envisioned it. Whereas purposeful men could make their way across a narrow bridge, the slow diffusion of plant and animals would require an avenue as a continent and available for ages at a stretch.1.The movement of plants and animals form Asia to America indicates ______.A.that they could not have traveled across the Bering StraitB.that Asia and the Western hemisphere were connected by a large land massC.that the Bering Sea was an isthmus at one timeD.that migration was in the one direction only2.The author is refuting the notion that _____.A.life arose in America independently of life in EuropeB.the first settlers in America came during the sixteenth centuryC.a large continent once existed which has disappearedD.man was a host to animals and plants3.By using the words “boxed the compass “(in Line 7) the author implies that _____.A.the migration of mankind was from West to EastB.the migration of mankind was from East to WestC.mankind traveled in all directionsD.mankind walked from Asia to America4.One reason for the migration not mentioned by the author is _____.A.overcrowdingB.favorable environmental conditionsC.famineD.the existence of a land bridge5.We may assume that in the paragraph that follows this passage the author argues about______.A.the contributions of anthropologistB.the contributions of zoologists and botanistsC.the contributions made by the American IndiansD.the existence of a large land mass between Asia and North America。
2023年名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案
2023年名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案Here in the middle of London, something extraordinary is going on. You can hear a loud and unmistakable sound of bees doing what they do best: making honey.What’s more,they’re performing their magic, not inthe leafy acres of nearby park, but up on the balcony of St Ermin’s Hotel. Whereas most urban residences would do their best to keep sting-bearing insects as far away from guests as possible, this hotel opens its doors to the capital’s bees. Theperson who tends this “Bee Hotel”is Camilla Goddard. “In the long run, bees are amazing creatures to work with. You can’t help admiring the way they operate. They really do put the good of the community first,”she says.As well as providing an enjoyable pastime, modern beekeeping is becoming increasingly critical. According to the British Beekeepers Association (BBKA), 70 different UK crops depend on bees for pollination (授粉). Without bees toprovide pollination, one-third of all our food wouldn’t survive. During the Second World War, Winston Churchill was a firm supporter of bees and made sure they got extra supplies to carry on with their pollination work, even as the German army dropped their bombs.“Bees are in danger of disappearing from our environment,”warns Tim Lovett of the BBKA. Today, bee numbers are down by 50 per cent. Using more and more land, agricultural industry reduces spots where bees can live. Crop-protecting pesticides have also led to high death rate of bees. Another blow was an Asian species that first arrived in Devon and then spread across the country. It settled on the bees and not only weakened their immune system but caused their wings to deform (变畸形) so that flying became impossible.Anxious about the decline of beekeeping, the BBKA has produced a school information pack entitled “Bees inthe Curriculum”. Once the children have been around bees for a while, they understand the service that bees provide for us, rather than seeing them as the source of stings.12. What do we know about Camilla Goddard?A. She has never got bee stings herself.B. She tries to make her guests bee-free.C. She admires the way in which bees live.D. She owns a bee hotel in a London suburb.13. Why is Winston Churchill mentioned in paragraph 3?A. To criticize the cruelty of war.B. To change the role of bees in the war.C. To highlight the value of bee pollination.D. To awaken the consciousness of saving crops.14. Which is a direct cause of the reduction of bee habitats?A. Modern agriculture.B. Foreign species invasion.C. Hunting from humans.D. Crop-protecting pesticides.15. What’s the best title for the text?A. The number of bees is decreasing sharplyB. Modern beekeeping is ensuring our futureC. Bee Hotel is changing bees’fate in the UKD. Children are educated about the value of beesAn increasingly popular way of eating called reducetarianism may sound like a new weight loss trend. But that’s not the goal; instead, reducetarianism is about cutting down the amount of meat you eat and making small changes that are healthy for you and the planet. “But the vast majority don’t want to go vegan”, says Brian Kateman, co-founder of the Reducetarian Foundation. So he has a simple message for us: “Don’t let perfection be the enemy of the good.”Compared with a vegetarian, reducetarians take a more flexible approach that acknowledges challenges of giving up meat entirely but still limits meat when possible.The opposite side of eating less meat is eating more plant foods. Animal products often replace fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains, leading to lack of nutrients from them. A moreplant-based diet can help lower the risk of health problems including heart disease, colon cancer, and obesity. And research shows the climate toll from raising plant-based foods is less than that caused by animal-based foods. This is largely because it takes much more land, water, and other resources to produce a pound of meat than plant protein, says Dana Ellis, a dietitian.The type of meat you buy matters too. Grass-fed meat—from animals raised without antibiotics (抗生素)—tend to be the more sustainable options. By grazing, cows encourage grass growth and nutrient turnover in the soil, which may help offset cattle’s climate impact, according to a study published in 2021.Looking for local produce that requires no air transport and cutting down the food waste are also significant aspects of being a reducetarian. The message of reducetarianism is that you don’t have to be perfect to help yourself and the planet by making small changes in how you eat and shop for food. And that’s something we all can accomplish.8. What does reducetarianism refer to?A. A novel weight loss trend.B. A healthy diet with little meat.C. An idea of accepting imperfection.D. An approach to being a vegetarian.9. Why should eating more plant foods be encouraged?A. It helps to free people from diseases.B. It guarantees all the nutrients needed.C. It allows people to obtain more protein.D. It causes less damage to the environment.10. Who is more likely to be a reducetarian according to the passage?A. A meat loverB. A cow raiser.C. A keen environmentalist.D. A devoted vegetarian.11. What conclusion can be drawn from the last paragraph?A. Local produce can offer more nutrition.B. Reducetarianism is something imperfect.C. Any amount of food waste should be avoided.D. Small changes in diet better man and the earth.。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案xd
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案I still had a few minutes, so I swung into the cafeteria to graba coffee. That’s when I spotted him: a threatening-looking punk rocker with biker leathers and black leather boots.Honestly, his look scared me, so I quickly went out trying to avoid a potential encounter.It was 1988, and I was a “mature”journalism student, heading to my favorite elective: Sociology-Study of Deviance. Our gray-haired professor was a straight shooter. He usually brought in guest speakers who represented “deviance”. Our guest speakers included an outlandish dancer, a tarot-card reader or even an alcohol addict. And when I was curious that day to see who this session’s speaker was, “Mr. punk rocker”walked in.He started to talk in a soft voice and told us he was a university student, who lived with his grandma who needed help in every aspect. Therefore, he moved in with her and helped with the cooking and shopping, cleaning and laundry. He made sureshe took her meds and tried to make her laugh at least once a day. He described it as a “win-win”for both of them, but I suspected that it was a lot tougher than he made it sound.And then he said: “I just figure it’s normal for you to feel negative about me because of the way I look. But isn’t that the reason for the existence of such a course named Study of Deviance?”Wow. Just wow.“It’s hair and clothing,”he said. “I don’t plan to look this way forever, but for now I like it, and do you think it makes me deviant?”Every so often, I think about that young man. He’d be about fifty now and couldn’t realize how he influenced me. Because of his visit that day, my kids were allowed to wear whatever they wanted, as long as it was relatively clean and not morally abusive. They are upright and kind kids although they sometimes surprise us with red hair or strange trousers. And I am also happy that I do my selective of Sociology-Study of Deviance well.36. The underlined word deviance in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.A. dressing.B. styleC. abnormalityD. maturity37. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the guest speaker is TRUE?A. He was dressed in a frightening way on purpose in order to surprise the students.B. He recognized the author and tried to tutor her during the session.C. He wasn’t aware that many people misjudged him.D. His behaviors didn’t match the appearance he presented.38. Why does the author think she does the course well?A. Because she has learned to enjoy varied fashion styles.B. Because she didn’t miss any of the course sessions.C. Because she knows appearance doesn’t equal one’s quality.D. Because she understands how to educate her kids.Covered in lush fur, the thickest in the animal kingdom, sea otters (海獭) can live their entire lives in the ocean, feeding heavily upon seafloor animals such as shellfish. They are often seen to eat clams(蛤), which bury themselves in meadows of eelgrass (大叶藻场), a wide-ranging plant species growing in water. Eelgrass meadows where sea otters dig for clams become partly bare, which is commonly a concern for ecologists.As it turns out, the meadows with otters are healthier, with more eelgrass, according to a new study published in Science. That's because by gently disturbing the seabed, the otters make the plants flower and produce seeds. What's more, their digging provides more space and sunlight for seeds to settle and grow. The enhanced genetic diversity caused by sea otters could make eelgrass more adaptable to present and future threats.The finding is a powerful example of how animals such as otters influence their ecosystems beyond predation (捕食), often in unseen and little-known ways, says study leader Erin Foster, aresearch associate at the Hakai Institute. It also means sea otters, an endangered species, are vital to their environments and give eelgrass, which is in danger worldwide, a better chance at staying healthy and surviving.Seagrass habitats are also important for many fish, providing food for animals, absorbing, and filtering harmful pollution and bacteria from the water. "Genetic diversity typically strengthens the adaptability of species, and considering the challenges we're facing…this will be important for eelgrass meadows, and from this aspect, the impact the otters are having deserves our lasting concern," says Foster.8. What do we know about sea otters?A. They live part of their lives underwater.B. They mainly feed on sea animals like fish.C. They eat clams beneath eelgrass meadows.D. They become a new concern for ecologists.9. How does the author develop paragraph 2?A. By giving opinions.B. By presenting reasons.C. By clarifying concepts.D. By comparing results.10. Why does the author mention the endangered condition of eelgrass?A. To provide examples of sea otters' predation.B. To show the urgency to protect the environment.C. To highlight the role of otters in their ecosystems.D. To warn against the potential risk of climate change.11. What does Foster think of the impact otters have on underwater meadows?A. Overestimated.B. Noteworthy.C. Temporary.D. Unpredictable.。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案wr
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案The safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage is considered an important part of sustainable development. Among the 629 UNESCO-listed traditions are five entries in Estonia, the most recent of which is the building and use of dugout canoes in the Soomaa region.Every year, before spring, Soomaa National Park transforms into an almost drowned world, when water from melting snow in the eastern uplands floods the low-lying forests, wetlands, roads and yards of the residents who still live here. The water level rose so high that villagers could roll a dugout canoe right through their windows and into their living rooms. Everyone has had to learn to adapt to the natural annual phenomenon.Building a dugout canoe requires a good trunk of an aspen, which grows throughout the forests of Estonia. Once cut down, the trees are peeled and shaped like a cigar using an axe. From here, the inside of the boat is carved out to give it shape. Builders cut the frame down to a few centimetres in thickness. A long log fire is then built alongside the canoe, which is filled withseveral bucketfuls of water and left to warm up. Once the water has evaporated, sticks are squeezed into theframe lengthways to open it up. Aspen is a soft wood anda trunk half a metre across can be expanded into a metre-wide boat. The boat is then left to cool in the shade and is traditionally finished the following spring, once the wood has fully dried, when it’s given its final design and covered with tar.Aivar Ruukel, one of only five Estonians who still preserve the skill, chooses to build them as a way to connect with the history, As a young man, Ruukel attended workshops led by two master boat builders, both in their 70s at the time. He hopes that by the time he’s 70 there will be more young people doing the same. Enthusiasts hope that its joining the heritage list will safeguard the ancient practice and attract the next generation of boatmasters to keep the tradition alive.8. Why do villagers have to preserve dugout canoes?A. To survive floods.B. To go canoeing in the park.C. To learn about a natural phenomenon.D. To apply for intangible cultural heritage.9. What’s the right order of building a dugout canoe?①The boat is left in the shade to dry.②The inside of the boat is carved out to give it shape.③Builders warm up the canoe and open the frame up.④The boat is given the design and covered with the tar.⑤Builders remove the barks and make the trees into cigar shapes.A. ⑤③②④①B. ②⑤④①③C. ⑤②③①④D. ②③⑤④①10. Which statement will Ruukel probably agree with?A. Young people shall become boatmasters.B. The practice will die out in the next generation.C. More people are needed to pass on the tradition.D. One cannot master the skill without learning history.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Dugout canoes come to lifeB. Boat building industry in EstoniaC. Cultural heritage protection in EstoniaD. Dugout canoes in Estonia boat to futureWomen were less likely than men to support the Vietnam war, the Gulf war, or the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. They commit far fewer murders. They are less likely to favor strikes. For some scholars, these are grounds for thinking that a world run by women would be more peaceful.But European history suggests otherwise, according to political scientists Oeindrila Dube and S. P. Harish. They studied how often European rulers went to war between 1480 and 1913, and found that states ruled by queens were 27% more likely to get involved in wars than those ruled by kings.This was not all the queens’fault: men, seeing them as soft targets, tended to attack them. Frederick the Great of Prussia once declared: ”No woman should ever be allowed to govern anything.“Shortly after becoming king, he attacked the newly crowned Archduchess of Austria, Maria Theresa, and seized Silesia province. Despite years of war, she never recovered it.But perceived weakness is not the whole story. Queens, the researchers found, were more likely to gain new territory. Catherine the Great expanded her empire by some 200,000 square miles. And married queens were more aggressive than single queens or kings, whether single or married.The authors suggest several reasons for this. First, married queens may have been able to form more military alliances(联盟),making them confident enough to pick fights. Their husbands had often served in the army before they married, and were well placed to strengthen military ties between their homelands and their wives’states.Second unlike most kings, queens often gave their husbands a lot of power,putting them in charge of foreign policy or the economy. During the 1740s, Maria Theresa’s husband, Francis I, reformed the Austrian economy and raised money for the armedforces while his wife ruled much of central Europe. Prince Albert was Queen Victoria’s most trusted adviser, shaping her foreign policy until his death in1861. This division of labor, the authors suggest, freed up time for queens to pursue more aggressive policies.The modern era, too, has witnessed female leaders in wars: Golda Meir and the Yom Kippur war, or Margaret Thatcher and the Falklands. The number of countries led by women has more than doubled since 2000, but there is plenty of room for improvement: the current level of 15 represents less than 10 % of the total. A world in which more women took power might be more equal. Whether it would be more peaceful is a different question.12. The underlined “perceived weakness”in paragraph 4 means that________.A. women were less likely to support warsB. women could not recover lost territoryC. women commit far fewer crimesD. women were soft targets13. Why were married queens more likely to gain new territory?A. Because their military alliances picked fights for them.B. Because they were ambitious and aggressive by nature.C. Because their husbands were supportive in state governing.D. Because they centralized all power into their own hands.14. What is the purpose of mentioning the two female leaders in the last paragraph?A. To imply there is room for improvement in gender equality.B. To indicate more females become leaders in modern times.C. To illustrate female leaders cannot prevent wars in modern times.D. To suggest female leaders have their share of wars in modern times.15. According to the passage, we can safely concludethat________.A. married women are not fit to govern their states on their ownB. female leaders should be responsible for all wars throughout historyC. the world wouldn’t be more peaceful even if more women took powerD. the division of labor allows queens to survive economic crisis。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案xv
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案Both honeybees and ants are social insects that live in groups called colonies.They survive by means of their collective intelligence.Their decisionmaking power is distributed throughout the group; that is，no one ant or bee makes decisions for the group.Instead，they work together.As Deborah M．Gordon，a biologist of Stanford University，says，“Ants aren’t smart.Ant colonies are.”The same is true for beecolonies.Although bees and ants are quite different physically，they have a lot in common in terms of their behavior.Specifically，honeybees and ants have similar roles within the colony，both have communication systems，and both have the capacity of learning.Ants communicate by using chemicals called pheromones，which can alert others to danger or to a food source.For example，when worker ants find a promising source，they let the rest of colony know how to find it by leaving a trail of pheromones on the way back to the colony.The other ants pick up the message using their sense of smell.Bees，on the other hand，usemovement to communicate with each other.Worker bees send message to each other by means of a “dance”．Different speeds and movements send different messages.For example，when worker bees called for scouts to go out to find a new home for the colony，they return and do a dance for the other worker bees that indicates the location of the new home and how suitable it is.The faster the scouts dance，the better the new location is.Honeybees and ants are both capable of learning.One Chinese study finds that bees can be trained to learn and remember a route to a food source.The researchers also finds that bees can be taught to recognize hidden objects and use the concepts of “sameness”and “difference”to accomplish certain tasks.Ants take this one step further.Recent American research has shown that ants not only have the ability to learn，but also can teach their foraging skills to other younger ants.They observed that older ants accompany young ants in search of food and teach them the route and how to avoid obstacles.As we can see，the social behavior of honeybees and ants is quite similar.Both coordinate complex actions and accomplish crucial survival tasks by cooperating in groups consisting ofmany individuals.Unintelligent as they may be as individuals，as groups they often show amazing brilliance as they go about their everyday activities.12．What do ants and bees have in common?A．They make use of collective intelligence.B．They live in similarsized colonies.C．They have small leadership groups that make all decisions.D．They use the same method to communicate with each other.13．What does the speed of a bee’s dance indicate?A．The distance to a neighboring colony.B．The quality of a new colony location.C．The discovery of a new food source.D．The direction to a potential food source.14．In Paragraph 3，how does the author demonstrate the idea that honeybees and ants are both capable of learning?A．By using statistics.B．By explaining reasons.C．By presenting study findings.D．By stating opinions.15．What does the underlined part “foraging skills”refer to in the third paragraph?A．The skills of communicating.B．The skills of seeking food.C．The skills of learning.D．The skills of finding a new home.ABCBAn unconventional new initiative(首创) in Canada will soon allow doctors to prescribe art to their patients—by giving them free access to a local museum.Wandering through the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts(MMFA)，these patients and their loved ones will be able to feast their eyes on the peaceful collections of art.The initiative is the first of its kind in the world.And while you certainly can’t replace a conventional treatment with a couple of paintings，the idea is for such“prescriptions”to assist a person’s current treatment plan.Under the new program，members of the Francophone Association of Doctors in Canada(MFDC)will be able to hand out up to 50 prescriptions for their patients.These prescriptions will be available for those with a wide range of mental and physical illnesses，and each of them will allow two adults and two children to visit the museum for free.“By offering free admission to a safe，welcoming place，a relaxing experience，a moment of relief，and an opportunity to strengthen ties with loved ones，MMFA—MFDC Museum Prescriptions contribute to the patient’s wellbeing and recovery，”explains a news conference from the MMFA.It may look a lot like a marketing effort for the museum but there’s also increasing evidence that the display of visual art，especially if it’s showing nature，can have positive effects on health outcomes.In some ways，the benefits of looking at art appear a little similar to physical activity.A systematic review of clinical arttherapy(疗法) found that visual art has significant and positive effects on depression，anxiety，mood，and selfesteem.Findings like these are slowly gaining attraction in the medical community，making artwork a higher priority(优先) in hospitals around the world.In the US，nearly half of all health care institutions have reported including art in health care programming，such as art therapy and the placement of visual art in hospitals.With spaces dedicated(专用的) to art therapy and also a medical consultation room，the MMFA already provides services for people with mental health issues，eating disorders，and Alzheimer’s disease，just to name a few.8．How will some Canadian doctors treat their patients?A．Introducing fine arts to their patients.B．Feasting them in a peaceful and welcoming place.C．Keeping them company through the Montreal Museum.D．Giving them a prescription to access a local museum for free.9．MMFA thinks the new initiative in Canada can be .A．a help with patients’recoveryB．a chance to make friendsC．the best option for the treatment planD．a substitute for conventional treatment10．Why does the museum join in the program?A．To make visual art known to the public.B．To promote the museum into market.C．To strengthen ties with doctors.D．To advance the science of medicine.11．What does the passage mainly talk about?A．Fine arts will take the place of medicine.B．Artists rarely suffer from some mental diseases. C．More than 50 prescriptions are available for patients. D．Art will be included in Canadian doctors’prescriptions.DABD。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案nx
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案Jack Andraka was 15 when he came up with an idea for a new way to test for pancreatic (胰腺) cancer.When Andraka was 14, a family friend died of the disease, and this affected him deeply.This kind of cancer is particularly serious because there is no test you can have done to find it in the early stages.By the time standard tests determine you have the disease, it is often too late.Realizing that this was the case, Andraka decided to try to develop a test that might catch problems at the earliest stages.The road ahead looked difficult for Andraka.He was still a high school student, and he wanted to create something that no one else had done.But Andraka read endlessly about the disease, wrote a proposal for his idea, and sent it out to 200 cancer researchers.Only one professor, Dr Anirban Maitra, responded positively.Dr Maitra agreed to work with Andraka on his idea, giving him guidance and access to a laboratory.The next big reward for Andraka's perseverance was winning the grand prize at the Intel International Science andEngineering Fair.This great award is given to young innovators who have developed a world-changing idea.Developing the test is likely to take many years, but Andraka hopes the test will eventually improve people's lives and maybe save them.Jack Andraka is not alone as a young innovator.After all, there were 1,499 other contestants for the Intel award, and all of them had ground-breaking ideas.For Andraka having a family that loves science and encourages creative thinking gave him an advantage.But the key for Andraka is that reading, research, and discovery are just plain fun, and the chance to improve the world around him in the process makes it even better.1．Why did Andraka decide to develop a test for pancreatic cancer?A．His friend's encouragement.B．An upsetting experience.C．His extensive reading.D．An important test.2．What difficulty did Andraka meet at the beginning of his research?A．Lack of positive replies from experts.B．Heavy pressure from his schoolwork.C．Little access to research equipment.D．Great need of money to develop a test.3．Which of the following leads to Andraka's award winning?A．The competition with other contestants.B．His determination to improve the world.C．The support from his family.D．His passion for discovery.4．What can we learn from Andraka's story?A．Practice makes perfect.B．Hard work leads to success.C．One good turn deserves another.D．Failure is the mother of success.Most teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the teenager has won the honor of “America's Top Young Scientist”．In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city's primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into people's drinking water.After two months' research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water. Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess (女神) of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys' potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use.Later, Rao took on another social issue-drug addiction. Her app, called Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before it's too late.More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which uses artificial intelligence technology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying (网上欺凌). When users type in a word or phrase, Kindly is able to pick it up if it's bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.All kinds of awesome, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees (被提名人) for TIME Magazine's first-ever “Kid of the Year”．4．What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys?A．The incident of lead pollution.B．The issue with drug addiction.C．The shortage of water supplies.D．The high cost of purifying water.5．What is Rao expecting of Tethys?A．It'll remove metal from water.B．It'll make it to market soon.C．It'll win her a higher prize.D．It'll be fitted to cellphones.6．What will Kindly allow users to do?A．Receive pre-warning signals of threat.B．Input words into a computer automatically.C．Choose from secure social networking sites.D．Weigh their words before posting them online.7．Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist?A．Ambitious and humble.B．Optimistic and adventurous.C．Talkative and outstanding.D．Creative and productive.。
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案w
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案Almost a decade ago, we wrote, “Without applied research on how to best communicate science online, we risk creating a future where the dynamics of online communication systems have a stronger impact on public views about science than the specific research that we as scientists are trying to communicate.”Since then, the footprint of subscription-based news content has slowly decreased. Meanwhile, various information, either true or false, increasingly dominates social media. Partly as a result, extreme public views on issues such as COVID-19 vaccines or climate change emerge and grow separate.Scientists have been slow to adapt to a shift in power in the science information ecosystem—changes that are not likely to reverse (反转). Many parts of the scientific community—especially in science, technology, and mathematics fields—respond to this challenge as usual, which has been discouraging to those who conduct research on science communication. Many scientists-turned-communicators continue to see online communication environments mostly as tools for resolvinginformation disconnection between experts and audiences. As a result, they blog, tweet, and post videos to promote public understanding and excitement about science.Unfortunately, social science research suggests that rapidly evolving online information ecologies are less likely to be responsive to scientists who upload content—however attractive it may seem—to TikTok or YouTube. In highly contested national and global information environments, the scientific community is just one of many voices competing for attention and public buy-in about a range of issues. This competition for public attention has produced some urgent problems that the scientific community must face as online information environments rapidly replace traditional, mainstream media.At present, there is little that science can do to escape this dilemma (窘境). The same profit-driven tools that bring science-friendly and curious followers to scientists’Twitter feeds and YouTube channels will increasingly disconnect scientists from the audiences that they need to connect with most urgently. Moving forward, dealing with this challenge will require partnerships among the scientific community, social media platforms, and relevant institutions.12. What is the function of applied research on how to communicate science online?A. To diversify the ways of communicating science.B. To help the public correctly understand science.C. To promote the development of social media.D. To control online communication systems.13. What do the underlined words “this challenge”in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The collapse of the scientific community.B. The difficulty of conducting scientific research.C. The hardships of tackling extreme views on science.D. The change in dominant ways of communicating science.14. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A. The public care little about science online.B. Scientists have to compete for public attention.C.Scientists focus on uploading science content.D. Online information replaces traditional media.15. What can we infer about profit-driven media from the last paragraph?A. Their investment pays off.B. Their users have confidence in them.C. They give the public access to scientists.D. They are barriers to science communication.12. B 13. D 14. B 15. DIn recent years, there has been a rise in the volume of audiobook sales, which is easily aided by the dominance of the smartphone. Other contributors to the rise beyond technology?One thing is obvious: Reading even a short book involves a significant investment of time and prevents any other activity. You can’t drive or garden while reading. Andy Miller, the author of The Year of Reading Dangerously, said: “I was hunting for a book to read.”Kit Waal, my friend, said, “you should get the audiobook Old Filth; it’s fantastic.”She was right. I could walk the dog and still be reading a brilliant novel, or have one read tome brilliantly. I loved that book and I loved that way of reading it. So I’m a recent convert.”Does he worry audio provides too different an experience to reading itself? “Clearly on audio you are at the mercy of the reader’s skills,”he says. “But then , ego (自己) aside, the same is true of reading a book on the page. We’re all at the mercy of our own skills and tastes, aren’t we? But on audio you are influenced by someone else’s interpretation. And you might simply dislike the voice of the reader. But at its best audio offers a complementary (互补的) experience to the actual book.”Will audiobook distract us from the page before us? Better to focus on what we might gain. As someone who frequently interviews authors on stage, I'm aware of the unique insight to a text produced by hearing someone read their own work; I’ve frequently re-interpreted a passage after such an experience. But that has had no impact on whether or not I'll read a book by a writer I will never hear reading.I once met the writer Don Delillo. In response to a question about the process of writing, he remarked that he sometimes became attracted by the shape of particular letters, by the way individual words appeared before him, their beauty beyondmeaning and the relationship to meaning. He soundedhippy-dippy; then it made perfect sense. Reading does start with shapes, which slowly resolve to make a certain meaning, filtered through our own subjectivity and our senses. That will never change.8. What does Andy Miller mean by “I’m a recent convert”in paragraph 2?A. I like the reader’s voice.B. I enjoy my daily routines.C. I fall in love with audiobook.D. I am addicted to reading novels.9.What does Andy Miller think of the audiobook?A. It has a good voice.B. It limits our interpretation.C. It controls our skills and tastes.D. It misleads our interpretation.10. What is Don Delillo’s attitude to reading the actual book?A. Unclear.B. Objective.C. Opposed.D. Favourable.11. What is the best title of the text?A. Easy listening: the rise of the audiobook?B. The audiobook-a growing trend in readingC. Slow reading-the decline of the actual book?D. A new experience: the appearance of audiobook8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读训练含答案xs
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读训练含答案As environmental awareness has risen in the world, attitudes to sightseeing have changed. It is exciting to visit remote forests or spot rare species in those mysterious countries. However, with flights or long road journeys involved, traveling tofar-away destinations is carbon-intensive, and conservation can be made more difficult as well as assisted by sightseers. Therefore, people and authorities have been tryingto maximize the benefits while minimizing the harmsby advocating domestic tours.Most people, who take most holidays, understand better than ever that there are costs as well as benefits associated with exploring. One of the six pledges made by an environmental campaign launched last month-The Jump, is to “holiday local”, taking short-distance flights once every three years and long-distance flights very rarely. On a higher level, some governments are working on this as well. Colombia, for example, recently introduced laws aimed at promoting sustainable tourism.Fortunately, the UK’s national parks and countless other landscapes mean that there is no shortage of special placesfor domestic nature tourists to visit. One recent survey found that Windsor Great Park and Kew Gardens have become Britain’s most popular attractions, while in this special time there have difficulties for indoor spaces which do not apply to outdoor ones. Some companies that formerly ran foreign trips have adapted to the infectious disease by taking people to watch dolphins and other marine life off British coasts instead. This is notto minimize the destruction of nature that is also taking place, but as we face an increasing environmental emergency, itis essential to appreciate the nature that surrounds us. In a small way, outings to watch dragonflies, seals, or be surrounded by trees could help us to focus on what matters.8. Why have people changed their attitudes towards travel?A. Visiting remote areas is too exciting.B. Long-distance travels are more attractive.C. People’s environmental awareness has improved.D.Travelers can assist with protection of scenic spots.9. What does the underlined word “pledges”in paragraph 2 mean?A. Commitments.B. Prohibitions.C. Symbols.D. Surveys.10. What can we learn from paragraph 3?A. Indoor activities are becoming more popular.B. People in the UK are carrying out the initiative.C. The travel agencies prefer overseas business.D. The UK lacks abundant historic attractions.11. Which of the following does the author probably support?A. Domestic traveling means no harm to the environment.B. There is no point in traveling to remote scenic spots.C. The scenery is much better in foreign countries.D. It matters much to appreciate the beauty around us.Creative visualization is the process of generating visual mental imagery, with eyes open or closed. It means creating an image to your subconscious (潜意识的)mind.Your subconscious mind creates your reality based on a number of messages you send to it. One of these messages is the pictures and images that you visualize and send toyour subconscious mind. It then picks up this creative visualization or picture and begins creating what it sees.The key to understanding how creative visualization works is to first understand that your subconscious mind does not know what is real and what is fiction. It simply creates your reality based on the image that you visualize. So if you visualize yourself struggling, poor, unhappy, single or depressed then this is the reality that your subconscious mind creates.Visualizing properly and regularly can and will change your life. Some of the greatest athletes including Michael Jordan will tell you that they often visualize before playing. They create amovie of success in their minds before actually competing. Some of the most successful people will tell you that they always see their success ahead of time. Creative visualization is even being used to help patients with chronic(慢性的)illnesses fight their diseases. But just like positive thinking or any other technique-on its own, creative visualization cannot create a complete change. It will have an impact but it won’t create all the changes you want in a short period of time. Besides, it is not just creating a movie in your mind on a regular basis. There is much more to it and you need to develop a certain technique in order to enjoy the full benefits.Do you want to begin visualizing so you can create the things you want in life? Then sign up for the 7-day e-course and get the full benefits. You’ll learn how to work with visualization and all the techniques that will create a lot of success.12. How does our subconscious mind work?A. By taking pictures in reality.B. By creating the wildest dreams.C. By picking up visions in nature.D. By processing the information it receives.13. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. The key to success.B. The introduction to Jordan.C. The benefits of visualization.D. The achievements of great athletes.14. What might the author agree with concerning visualization’s effect on chronic illnesses?A. It calls for special skills.B. It creates a complete change.C. It has an immediate effect.D. It depends on regular practice.15.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A. To offer a novel treatment.B. To attract readers to a course.C. To explain a complex theory.D. To introduce a research result.以上就是本文的全部内容。
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2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak(喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.All that fits nicely with evolutionary(进化的) theory. “Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages(附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile,which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.Ryding’s team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise slay for essentially forever.12. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?A. They are following the new trends.B. They have to adapt to warmer climate.C. Scientists need them to do experiments.D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.13. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?A. In mild areas.B. In hot places.C. In the Arctic.D. In deserted regions.14. What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?A. It comes at a cost.B. Its cause is definite.C. It happens in the same habitat.D. Its process will end soon.15. What can be a suitable tile for the text?A. Living on a Warming PlanetB. Measures to Remove HeatC. Pioneering Research on AnimalsD. Evolution to Survive HeatAfter a three-year delay, M+，Hong Kong’smuseum dedicated to Chinese visual culture, opened to the public. It contains an astonishing collection of art with works by some celebrities. The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New York’s MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.M+ wouldn’t have been possible without Swiss businessman and art collector Uli Sigg, who in 2012 donated and sold 1,510 Chinese contemporary works of art to the museum. Michael Schindhelm’s 2016 documentary, The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg, looked back at Sigg’s life and how he accumulated his collection to preserve contemporary Chinese art for three decades. In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to viewhimself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.”Chinese Lines follows Sigg’s life in time order, starting in 1979, the year that he first went to China as a representative of the Swiss elevator manufacturer. In 1995 Sigg became the Swiss Ambassador to China, which lasted until 1999. He was buying art with an objective eye, one towards preserving culture.Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg’s efforts. He created the Chinese Contemporary Ant Award, an award that functioned to get artists noticed by important Western artists and galley owner. AI the same time, pieces by Chine artists were gaining more and more global reputations.Following Sigg’s announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. The documentary is a good starting point to familiarize oneself with contemporary Chinese art and the man who helped expose it to the world.8. Why does the author mention “MoMA”in paragraph 1?A. To enrich our knowledge.B. To memorize art celebrities.C. To deepen M+ museum’s popularity.D. To indicate M+ museum’s significance.9. Which identity would Uli Sigg most probably agree with?A. A contemporary artist.B. A researcher of Chinese art.C. A collector of contemporary art.D. An ambassador with artistic taste.10. What can we infer from The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg?A. Sigg offered money to Chinese artists.B. Sigg was the director of the documentary.C. Sigg made great efforts to promote Chinese art.D. Sigg was the Swiss Ambassador to China in 2000.11. What is Uli Sigg like?A. He is strict and ambitious.B. He is caring and creative.C. He is devoted and generous.D. He is hopeful and humorous.。