最新★自考国际商务英语课后中译英
★自考国际商务英语课后中译英
★自考国际商务英语课后中译英Lesson 1及到许多因素，因而比国内贸易要复杂得多。
International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries, it involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business.2．随着经济一体化进程的发展，很少人和公司能完全独立于国际商务之外而存在。
因此，在此方面具有一定的知识是十分必要的，这既有益于企业的发展又有益于个人的进步。
With the development of economic globalization, few people or companies can completely stay away form international business. Some knowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement.3.其他参与国际贸易的形式有管理合同、承包生产和“交钥匙”工程。
Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing and turnkey project.4.国际贸易最初以商品贸易的形式出现，即在一国生产或制造商品而出口或进口到另一国进行消费或转售。
International business first took the form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another.5.除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国外市场的一种方式。
自考商务英语翻译
I. Multiple Choices (20 points, 2 points for each)1.It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to a floatingexchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required to support their own currencies.A.在这种情况下，世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。
各国中央银行也就无须维持本币的汇价了。
B.不足为奇，全世界看到了汇率的回归，因此各国中央银行无需维持本币的汇价了。
C.此时此刻，世界各国又恢复了移动的交换比率，因此各国中央银行无需维持本币汇价。
D.在这种情况下，全世界又恢复了浮动交换率，这已不足为奇了，因此各国中央银行也就无需维持本币价格了。
2．Assuming the laboratory tests go well, and you can quote us a competitive price, we would certainly be able to place more substantial orders on a regular basis.A.假定实验室检验顺利，并且你的报价有竞争力，我们会大量向贵公司订货的。
B.若实验室检验合格，且你们给我们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会定期大量订货的。
C.若实验室检验良好，且你们给出的报价具有竞争性，我们一定会定期定量订货的。
D.假定实验室发展良好，且你们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会大量定期订货的。
3．Chinese researchers have made a breakthrough in developing new materials for nickel-hydrogen batteries used in low temperatures, Inhaul reported.A.中国研究者已经在开发新材料用于低温下使用的镍氢电池方面有了突破，据新华社报道。
国际商务英语课文翻译 国际商务英语教程第三版课后答案
国际商务英语课文翻译国际商务英语教程第三版课后答案导读：就爱阅读网友为您分享以下“国际商务英语教程第三版课后答案”资讯，希望对您有所帮助，感谢您对 的支持!Lesson 2II1. In recent years, as the country’s vigorous economic development has facilitated its foreign trade, its total export and import value between 193 and 2003 increased by 20%, as compared with only 7.5% between 1982 and 1992.2. The greatly improved communications and transportation resulting from technological progress have speeded up the movements of merchandise, personnel and information between different countries and lowered operating costs, thus bringing about the rapid growth of internationalbusiness.3. Today fewer restrictions on the cross-border movements of merchandise and services imposed by governments of all countries enable these countries’residents to have access to goods and services at lower prices and make it possible for domestic enterprises to raise efficiency because of foreign competition.4. In order to support and facilitate international business, companies and governments have developed relevant services such as the establishment of bank credit agreements, the conclusion of clearing arrangements and the enactment of the international postal agreement, thus ensuring the successful handling and growth of international business.5. Under the pressure of increased foreign competition, in order to maintain competitiveness and seek survival and development, companies have to extend their operations to international markets, respond to foreign sales opportunities and vigorously increase their international business.Lesson 3I.1. Large increase in industrial and agricultural production in manycountries and regions2. Lead to industrial countries’rapidly rising demand for food and rawmaterials3. The import volume of industrial products that has increased 15 times4. A drastically/sharply increased demand for agricultural exports fromdeveloping countries5. A decrease in the demand for natural raw materials such as cotton andnatural rubber.6. The development of the production of synthetic substitutes and anincrease in their output.7. Contribute to the industrial development and economic growth ofdeveloping countries8. The important beneficial effects that international trade has on theeconomic development of all countries9. be conducive to the development of less developedcountries’manufacturing and production of manufactured goods.10 stimulate and facilitate the international flow of capital betweendeveloped and developing nations11. The vehicle for the transmission of new technology and newmanagerial skill12. The less developed countries that have reaped major benefits frominternational trade.13. The relationship between international trade and long-run economicdevelopment14. Absorb advanced technology from developed nations at a faster rate. II.1. The emergence and development of international trade has promotedthe normal operation and constant expansion of all countries’process of reproduction, raise their levels of productive forces, contributed to the internationalization of production and capital and brought about the economicdevelopment in other fields.2. Focusing on the effects of exports on employment and income,Keynes and his followers hold that a trade surplus can expand means of payment, lower interest rates and spur a price increase and investment, thus contributing to the alleviation of a country’s domestic crisis and an increase in employment.3. Some other economists believe that the emergence and developmentof international trade can expand commodity markets, promote technological progress and an improvement in the process of production, spur an increase in output and contribute to a change in the structure of investment, thus leading to the development of the entire national economy. 4. The development of foreign trade achieved by developing countriesbrings about an increase in foreign exchange earnings and the introduction/ importation of advanced/ up-to-date foreign technology, which plays an important role in making good these countries’shortage of capital and promoting their technological progress.5. In the past years, along with absorbing foreign capital, China hasspared no effort to develop its foreign trade, imported large quantities of precision machinery and equipment and sophisticated technology, exported various kinds of industrial and agricultural products, thus greatly contributing to economic development and the achievement of socialist modernization.Lesson 4 II1．Nontariff trade barriers，which refer to the protectionist measurescharacterized by quantitative import restrictions，are used by developed countries and some developing countries to interfere with and impede the free flow of merchandise and services be．tween nations．2．Since the mid．1970s，as a result of the outbreak of the global economiccrises，accompanied by the intensification of contention for international markets, the developed countries have been forced to resort to nontariff trade barriers designed to restrict imports, in an attempt to overcome their difficulties．3．Like tariff trade barriers，nontariff trade barriers have the effects ofrestricting imports and bringing about price increases in the domestic market of an importing country，thus imposing a heavy burden on the people of Western developed countries. 4．In recent years, some trade policies and regulations carried out by theUnited States have discriminated against China and imposed severe restrictions on some of its exports to the United States．5．It is likely that in the future the United States and other Westerncountries will still impose restrictions 011 the exports of China’s textiles and other labor—intensive products，to which China will strongly(decidedly)0biect．Lesson 5II1. In order to move efficiently the goods to importing country, the export firm must perform three essential functions involving a series of activities in the export transaction.2. Before an export transaction is carried out, the exportermust either conduct a check on the new customer’s financial and credit standing through an international credit report or revise the old customer’s credit standing and payment record.3. As an important component of the export process, the exporter and importer negotiate the sales terms and conditions, the obligations of both parties, and other terms of the sales contract.4. An agreement that the exporter and importer have entered into on sales terms and conditions becomes a binding contract, which is a firm commitment that is acceptable to both buyer and seller after it is confirmed by both parties in writing.5. In the whole export process, the importer is often required to obtain an import license and sometimes also a foreign exchange permit in order that the goods conform to the importing country’s import regulations and smoothly reach the importer.Lesson 6II1．A sales channel in international trade refers to the process ofcirculation in which goods flow from a country’s producer to the foreign ultimate customer or user and to the intermediary commercial establishments through which title to goods is transferred．2. In the process of international commodity circulation，whether a saleschannel is unimpeded and highly efficient or not directly affects the turnover rate，profit and market share of goods．3．Acting as the export sales department for many manufacturers，anexport management company either purchases goods directly from manufacturers and then resells them overseas for its Own account Or operates on a commission basis．4．Acting as an independent sales agent on a case-by-case basis, an exporttrading agent on a case-by-company performs a sourcing or wholesale function between buyer and seller without assuming any responsibility to either party in a transaction．5．Local distributors in the host country are used by many manufacturersas a sales channel to facilitate foreign sales，since they are familiar with the host country’s market situation and its social and economic environments and are able to carry out the best market strategy and manage after-sale customer service．Lesson 7 II1. Trade terms are used to specify the structure of export prices and thedivision of responsibility and liability between the seller and the buyer with regard to procedures, cost and risks that are involved in delivering goods to the buyer by the seller.2. Under the CIF term, the seller must also provide a complete set ofshipping documents including transportation and insurance documents at his own expense.3. If we conclude business with you on CFR basis, how much can youreduce from your CIF price so that we can make a comparison (…so that we can compa re them)4. Will you please make us an offer for Forever Brand Bicycles 26”?Please quote your lowest CIF New York price based on a minimum order of 10,000 units.5. We can make the following offer:Article: HL 302 Drawer LockPrice: at U.S. $5 per piece EXW Shanghai Annual minimum order: 100,000 pieces Packing: in cartons Payment: by irrevocable L/C available by sight draft Delivery: 60 days after receipt of L/CRevision 1IV.1. In 1980, the average annual growth rate of low income developing countries’GDP was 5.9 percent, as compared with 3.5 percent of middle-income countries and 1.4 percent for industrialized countries.11。
自考《国际商务英语》课文【中英对照】第17课---国际货币体系与汇率
L17国际货币体系与汇率最早的国际货币体系称作金本位制,在这个体制下各国承诺在受到要求时将其货币由纸币兑换为黄金。
The earliest international monetary system was known as the gold standard under which countries pledged to change their paper currencies into gold when requested to do so.在金本位制下,各国都将其货币价值与黄金挂钩以确立货币金平价,由此,便形成了固定汇率制。
19世纪大部分时间直到第一次世界大战结束主要贸易国家均采用金本位制。
The gold standard created a fixed exchange rate system as each country pegged the value of its currency to gold to establish its par value, for most of the 19th century till the end of the First World War.由于英国当时在经济、政治和军事上的强大,英镑成为国际贸易往来中最重要的货币。
因此便产生了“基于英镑的金本位制”这一说法。
Major trading countries followed this system and the British Pound was the most important currency in international business as a result of the economic, political and military power of the United Kingdom, hence the term sterling-based gold standard.由于第一次世界大战对世界经济产生了很大的压力,以及随之而来的经济大萧条,固定汇率制走到了尽头。
国际商务英语汉译英翻译
制其投资在他国的企业和资产获得回报。
past decade, especially in China since
15、最惠国待遇并不是什么特殊待遇，而只
Foreign direct investments of FDI for the country is playing an active role it. 是正常的贸易地位。受惠国只是享有被征收
即各国生产相比较而言效率更高的那种特殊
overseeing 23deaprtments in charge of 产品。更理想的是，各国集中专门生产它的
19、 2000 年对国际贸易术语解释通则的修改 考虑了无关税区的发展，商务活动中电子通
different affairs.
特殊产品，然后再进行相互间的贸易。
zones, the increased use of electronic
出口商所开出的汇票后，便可得到单据，而
conformity with those in the L/C.
communication, and the transport practices.
change in
付款则要晚于这个时间。 In the case of documents against
是促进世界和各国经济发展的最有效的工 具。
17、《买卖双方在制定合同时，如果有理解一 致的具体规则可供参照，他们就肯定简单、
neighbours separated only by a strip of
Technology, capital and ready markets are 可靠地确定各自的责任》 。
in an-other.
Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation(APEC)
国际商务英语(修正版)课后翻译
4. B: thank you. We are always doing our best to abide by contracts and honour our word.
5. B: I’m very glad to be of any help. We specialize in exporting chemical fertilizer.
10. Your letter expressing the hope of establishing business connections with us has been received with thanks.
2021/6/18
3
4. Complete the following dialogues
3. The enclosed price lists and catalogues will give you details of the models in which you are especially interested.
4. If you are interested in establishing business relations with us in this line, please let us know your specific requirements. We’ll be pleased to forward samples, catalogues as well as detailed information.
1.
1. 现具函自我介绍.本公司是美国各种电子产品的主要出口商.
2. 感谢贵方3月2号的来信，我们很乐意同贵公司建立业务关系。
3. 来函收悉，得知贵方愿与我方建立业务关系，特表谢意。
国际商务英语汉译英翻译
1、国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而此国内贸易要复杂得多。
International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. It involves more factors and thus is more complicated than, domestic business.2、有形贸易是指将在一国生产或制造的商品，出口或进口到另一国消费或转售。
Visible trade refers to exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in an-other.3、外国直接投资，简称FDI。
投资者通过控制其投资在他国的企业和资产获得回报。
Foreign direct investments of FDI for short is made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in a host country.4、国民生产总值指一个经济体凭借其居民拥有的资产和劳动力所生产的货物和服务的市场价值。
GNP refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy.5、日本和中国是重要贸易伙伴，两国经济互补，又是一衣带水的近邻。
中日贸易关系对两国都有重要的意义。
With mutually complementary economy, Japan and China are major trade partners, and the two countries are close neighbours separated only by a strip of water. Sino-Japanese relations are therefore of great importance to both countries.6、加拿大和美国有很长的共同边境，而且大部分加拿大居民居住在边境地区。
自考国际商务英语课后中译英
自考国际商务英语课后中译英Lesson 11.国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而比国内贸易要复杂得多。
International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries, it involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business.2．随着经济一体化进程的发展，很少人和公司能完全独立于国际商务之外而存在。
因此，在此方面具有一定的知识是十分必要的，这既有益于企业的发展又有益于个人的进步。
With the development of economic globalization, few people or companies can completely stay away form international business. Some knowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement.3.其他参与国际贸易的形式有管理合同、承包生产和“交钥匙”工程。
Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing and turnkey project.4.国际贸易最初以商品贸易的形式出现，即在一国生产或制造商品而出口或进口到另一国进行消费或转售。
International businessfirst took the form ofcommodity trade, i.e.exporting and importinggoods produced ormanufactured in onecountry for consumptionor resale in another.5.除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国外市场的一种方式。
国际商务英语 廖英 短语句子翻译
商品交换或贸易exchange or trade for goods国外直接投资- foreign direct investment有价证券投资- portfolio investments有效经营effective operation or operate effectively 普通合伙企业- general partnership董事会- board of directors资本摊缴- capital contribution优先股股东- preferred stockholder公司章程- articles of incorporation最终消费者（用户）- ultimate consumer存货控制- inventory control市场分区（分片）- market segment购买动机motivation to purchase采购制度to request bids产品规格product specifications可自由支配收入discretionary income市场总销售total market sales分销渠道channels of distribution促销技巧promotional techniques扩展性的货币政策an expansionary monetary policy 紧缩性的货币政策 a restrictive monetary policy经济萧条economic depression1.to differ from … -to be different from ..Technical know-how differs from technology in a sense技术诀窍在某种意义上不同于技术2.to put emphasis on … -to attach importance to ..The government has put mush emphasis on the exportation of mechanical and electrical products.政府特别重视机械和电气的出口业务3.to be likely to .. –to be possible to ..The present inflation is likely to end up in a few months since the government is taking strong measures to cope with it.目前的通胀很可能在几个月内结束，当政府开始采取强有力的措施应对他4.to be unfamiliar with .. –to be unknown to ..It’s difficult to be a qualified salesman if you are unfamiliar with import and export procedures这很难成为一个合格的推销员，如果你不熟悉进出口手续5.to have impact on .. –to have influence on 对。
新编国际商务英语函电课后习题句子翻译（推荐阅读）
新编国际商务英语函电课后习题句子翻译（推荐阅读）第一篇：新编国际商务英语函电课后习题句子翻译（五）：1、As you will see in our price list,we have offered very competitive prices,supplying you our best quality goods.We solicit that you will favor us with your orders,which shall always have our best attention.贵公司将会从我方价格表中看到，我方向贵公司提供了价廉物美的商品。
敬请贵公司向我方订货，我方会精心关照。
2、We should very much like to help you in thismatter,but we have already cut our prices down to the absolute minimum.We think you will find that our competitors are offering a product of cousiderably lower quality in order to compete at this price.我们很乐意帮助你们，但是我们已将价格降到最低限度。
你们将会发现：本公司的竞争者是在以大幅度降低产品质量的方式来压低价格。
3.谢谢你方3月10日来函。
从信中我们获悉你方希望得到我方梅林牌罐头食品的报盘。
Thank you for your letter of March 10,form which we have learned that you hope toreceive our offer for “Meiling”brand canned goods.4..我们从贵公司8月20日来函中得知你放打算向我方订购二万公吨化肥我们很高兴的报价如下。
国际商务英语 05844 江苏自考 汉译英
LESSON 1 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS国际商务1. 国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而比国内贸易要复杂得多。
International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. It involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic countries.2. 随着经济一体化进程的发展，很少人和公司能完全独立于国际商务之外而存在。
因此，在此方面具有一定的知识是十分必要的，这既有益于企业的发展又有益于个人的进步。
With the development of economic globalization, few people or companies can completely stay away from international business. Therefore, some knowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement.3. 其他参与国际贸易的形式有管理合同、承包生产和“交钥匙”工程。
Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing, and turnkey project.4. 国际贸易最初以商品贸易的形式出现，即在一国生产或制造商品而出口或进口到另一国进行消费或转售。
International business first took the form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another.5. 除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国外市场的一种方式。
商务英语课后英译汉
1.独资企业，然而，不做最大的业务量。
2.伙伴关系是比独资企业如果需要很多资金来源或多元化经营。
3.有限合伙是一种常见的所有制形式在房地产，石油勘探，采矿和采石业，等等。
4.这意味着每个合伙人负责所有债务和法律责任有关的业务。
5.私营机构建立商事公司牟利为目的。
6.果有利润，它一般被再投资于该机构而不是分配给私人股东。
UNIT2 P211. 第一年，平均每天9杯饮料销售。
2.从早期到目前的促销活动使焦炭的世界上最流行的软饮料。
3.在1900年代早期，装瓶厂的建立在几个国家以外的美国。
4.历年充满创意的口号使可口可乐”有山丘之王”。
5.可口可乐一直领先世界的每一个部门的软饮料行业。
UNIT3 P361.在这种商业模式的转型力量远远超出了明显的点为客户提供便利和节省成本的企业。
2.为了保持业务的网站必须是“粘”保持客户回来；他们只会做，如果经验提供继续快乐。
3.电子商务的交易通常涉及几个步骤，都必须捕获和保存的审核，争端解决和卓越的客户服务。
4.这是一个窗体，报表，检查，发票或者信函，客户服务必须有即时，便捷提供服务的水平，今天的客户需求。
5.为了充分利用网络的力量和有效地处理高价值无形服务如抵押贷款或保险申请，重要的是，所有的信息使用者视为其交易的一部分被保存为一部分客户的经验。
UNIT4 P481.个人交流量是通过面对面的谈话和业务会议相结合的方法实现的。
2.对员工意见的调查，以及因而实行的计划变更要与所有员工分享（让所有员工知道）。
3.一些首席执行官和高级经理与客户建立一种正式的关系，从而更好地理解他的需要和期望，并能够把这些需要列入他们的计划中。
4.然而，有一些情况下，更适合在特定的用户群中进行随机挑选5.普遍的惯例是让外界的顾问帮助完成此项任务。
6.关于客户当前和将来需要的信息，也会通过各种间接和第三方机构来获得。
7.可以利用常设或特别顾问团，以职业或技术的立场（角度）洞察客户的需要。
UNIT5 P611.任何机构花费大量努力以获得并利用这种资源，这看起来是合乎逻辑的，并且，绝大部分机构都在这样做。
国际商务英语汉译英翻译
1、国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉与到许多因素，因而此国内贸易要复杂得多。
International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. It involves more factors and thus is more complicated than, domestic business.2、有形贸易是指将在一国生产或制造的商品，出口或进口到另一国消费或转售。
Visible trade refers to exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in an-other.3、外国直接投资，简称FDI。
投资者通过控制其投资在他国的企业和资产获得回报。
Foreign direct investments of FDI for short is made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in a host country.4、国民生产总值指一个经济体凭借其居民拥有的资产和劳动力所生产的货物和服务的市场价值。
GNP refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy.5、日本和中国是重要贸易伙伴，两国经济互补，又是一衣带水的近邻。
中日贸易关系对两国都有重要的意义。
With mutually complementary economy, Japan and China are major trade partners, and the two countries are close neighbours separated only by a strip of water. Sino-Japanese relations are therefore of great importance to both countries.6、加拿大和美国有很长的共同边境，而且大部分加拿大居民居住在边境地区。
百度文库。国际商务英语。中译英
国际贸易和国内贸易在法制体系、货币。
···有所不同International business and domestic business are quite different in legal systems, currency ,cultural background and natural and economic conditions.随着经济全球化的发展、···比例也逐渐增大。
With the development of economic globalization,invisible trade accounts for an increasing proportion of the world trade even in the developing countries.BOT···的变通形式BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project.国际许可即一家公司···版权或技术In international licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country. Such intellectual property may be trademarks, brand names,patents,copyrights or technology.国际商务比国内商务···更加复杂International business involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business.国民生产总值和国内生产总值体现了···互换使用GNP and GDP indicate a country’s total income. They can be used interchangeably to measure the level of its national income.商界人士非常关心···大路货为主Business people are concerned about the income distribution of a market, because they have to major on producing lower-priced staple goods if it is in a lower-income country.GNP 与GDP的区别在于：前者···后者···The difference between GNP and GDP is that the former focuses on ownership of the factors of production while the latter concentrates on the place where production takes place要评估一国····人均收入In assessing the potential of a country as a market, people often look at per capita income.欧盟```实体，····1952年The European Union is a full-fledged entity. Its history dates back to 1952.共同市场具有···特点The common market is characterized by the free flow of capital and technology besides goods, services and labors.各国推行自由贸易···的益处Countries liberalize trade in order to better enjoy the benefit of regional economic integration.经济全球化···相互影响Economic globalization is giving new impetus and opportunities to world economic development and meanwhile marking the various economies more and more interdependent and interactive.经济全球化使得···不利事件的伤害Economic globalization is making the various economies more vulnerable to the adverse event across the globe.安全对任何一个跨国企业····便无法保证Security is extremely important to any MNE because without it , an MNE’s survival can be assured.广阔的地域分布····很大的选择范围Wide geographical spread of MNEs enables them to have a wide range of options in terms of decision in areas such as souring and pricing.比较利益理论```的基石The theory of comparative advantage has become the cornerstone of moder thinking on international trade.实际上，某个国家生产任何产品都不具有···并不罕见In reality ,it is not rare that one country has no absolute advantage in any commodity利用比较效益···提高效益Trade to exploit comparative advantage promotes efficiency among countries.关税壁垒是···的形式Tariff barriers are the most common form of trade restriction.有些在很大程度上···发展旅游业。
国际商务英语汉译英翻译
1、国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的8、尽管内部存在矛盾，外部有来自非欧佩克The advantage of trade are based on thetheory of comparative advantage, where 交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而此国内贸易产油国的竞争，但欧佩克这个占世界产油量each country 要复杂得多。
produces a particular 40%的组织对油价的影响是世界各国无法忽product more efficiently than another.to International business refers 视的。
from Despite internal contradictions partiesand Ideally, each country transactionfocuses betweenre-sourcesdifferent countries. It involves more cornpetition from non-OPEC oil producing on producing its specialty, and thenfactors and thus is more complicated than, countries, the influence on oil prices by trades with one an-other. domestic business.OPEC that accounts for 40% of the global 14、总的来说，国际专门化理论寻求回答的oil production is 2、有形贸易是指将在一国生产或制造的商something the world 是哪些国家将生产什么产品，以及采用什么cannot afford to neglect.样的贸易结构。
国际商务英语课后翻译
Unit24In order to support and facilitate international business, companies and governments have developed services, such as establishment of bank credit agreements, make remittance settlement arrangements and international postal agreements conclusion, in order to ensure the smoothly development and expansion of international business5Under the pressure of foreign competition, in order to maintain competitiveness, to seek survival and development, the company will have to expand its business into the international market, respond quickly to many foreign sales opportunities, and actively expand the international business activitiesUnit31、许多国家和地区工农业生产的巨大增长Many countries and regions in the tremendous growth of industrial and agricultural production2、导致工业国对食品和原材料的需求迅速增长In industrial countries on food and raw materials to the rapid growth of demand3、增至十五倍的工业品进口量Increased to fifteen times of industrial products imports4、对发展中国家农业出口产品需求的剧烈增长On developing agricultural export product demand sharp growth5、对棉花和天然橡胶等原材料需求的减少On cotton and natural rubber and other raw materials to reduce the demand6、合成代用品生产的发展及其产量的增加Synthetic substitutes for production development and yield increase7、有助于发展中国家的工业发展和经济增长Contribute to developing industrial development and economic growth8、国际贸易对各国经济发展重要的有益作用International trade on the economic development of various countries important beneficial effect9、有助于欠发达国家制造业和制成品生产的发展Contribute to the less developed country manufacturing industry and the development of the production of manufactured goods10、刺激和促进发达与发展中国家间资本的流动To stimulate and promote the flow of capital between the developed and developing countries11、新技术和新的管理技能的传送手段New technologies and new management skills transfer means12、从国际贸易获得巨大好处的欠发达国家From international trade have great benefits for the less developed countries13、国际贸易与长期经济发展之间的关系International Trade and economic development of the relationship between14、以更快的速度从发达国家吸引先进技术Faster speed in order to attract advanced technology from developed countries1、The emergenceof international trade and development, promote the process of reproduction and the normal operation to expand ceaselessly, improve the level of productivity, and promote the internationalization of production and capital internationalization, and improve other aspects of economic development2、凯恩斯及其追随者着重Keynes and his followers to focus on export of employment and income effects, they think the trade surplus could expand the means of payment, interest rates low, stimulate the price rise, increase investment, which contribute to the domestic crisis of relaxation and expansion of employment3、发展Some economists think, international trade is arisen with development, can make commodity market to expand, thereby promoting technological progress and production process improvement, promoting yield increase, and make the investment structure changes, so as to promote the development of the national economy4、发展中国家发展对外贸易导致外汇收资本、促进它们的技术进步中起着重要的作用In developing foreign trade in foreign exchange income increases in foreign countries and the introduction of advanced technology, which make the national capital, promote their technological progress plays an important role in5、Over the years, in the absorption of foreign capital, China to develop foreign trade, large imports of sophisticated equipment and advanced technology, a large number of export all kinds of industrial and agricultural products, effectively promoted the economic development and the socialism modernization国际贸易给各国经济带来了巨大的利益。
商务英语口译单词含中文翻译
商务英语口译单词含中文翻译实/虚盘 firm/non-firm offer现/期货价 spot/forward price开/收盘价 opening/closing price批发/零售价 wholesale/retail price净/毛利润 net/gross profit现货 spot goods库存有限 limited stock尝试性订购 trial/try-out order现金结算 cash settlement推销员奖金 push money (PM)讨价还价 bargain回佣;回扣 return commission季节性折扣 seasonal discount离岸价 F.O.B. (Free on Board)离岸加运费价 C&F (Cost and Freight)装运港船边交货价 F.A.S. (Free Alongside Ship)目的港船边交货价 F.O.S. (Free over Side)到岸加佣金 C.I.F.C. (Cost, Insurance, Freight and Commission) 信用证结算 payment by letter of credit (L/C)到货付款 cash on delivery (COD)定金;首付 down payment分期付款 payment by installments违约 breach the contrast/agreement贸易索赔 business claim要求赔偿损失 claim for a compensation of loss/damage易货贸易 barter trade补偿贸易 compensation trade外汇储蓄 foreign exchange reserve市场准入 market access双赢/多赢/共赢战略 win-win/all-win strategy经营范围 line/scope business品牌资产 brand equity特许专卖 franchising独家销售/经销代理 exclusive distribution/selling agency直销策略 direct sale strategy促销/营销组合 promotional/marketing mix电话营销 telemarketing集中/网络/差异性营销concentrated/network/differentiatedmarketing整合营销传播方式 Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) approach商务英语口语句子Every country possesses sites of local or national interests, which are a source of national pride.每个国家拥有自己地方的历史名胜、民族的历史名胜，它们是民族的骄傲之源。
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Lesson 1及到许多因素，因而比国内贸易要复杂得多。
International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries, it involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business.2．随着经济一体化进程的发展，很少人和公司能完全独立于国际商务之外而存在。
因此，在此方面具有一定的知识是十分必要的，这既有益于企业的发展又有益于个人的进步。
With the development of economic globalization, few people or companies can completely stay away form international business. Some knowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement.3.其他参与国际贸易的形式有管理合同、承包生产和“交钥匙”工程。
Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing and turnkey project.4.国际贸易最初以商品贸易的形式出现，即在一国生产或制造商品而出口或进口到另一国进行消费或转售。
International business first took the form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another.5.除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国外市场的一种方式。
Besides trade and investment, licensing and franchising are sometimes taken as a means of entering a foreign market. Lesson 2重要概念。
区别在于前者强调的是生产要素的所属权而后者着重于进行生产的国家。
GNP and GDP are two important concepts used to indicate a country’s total income. The difference between GND and GDP is that the former focuses on ownership of the factors of production while the latter concentrates on the place where production takes place. 2、要估评某一市场的潜力，人们往往要分析其收入水平，因为它为那里居民的购买力高低提供了线索。
In assessing the potential of a market, people oftenlook at its income level since it provides cluesabout the purchasing power of its residents.3、世界各国被世界银行分为三大领域：高收入国家，中等收入国家和低收入国家。
Countries of the world are divided by the WorldBank into three categories of high-income,middle-income and low-income economies.4、中国现在的年人均收入为1100美元以上，但几年前它还是个低收入国家。
China with a per capita income of over $1100 is amiddle-income country though it was a low incomecountry just a few years ago.5、就中国来说，周围还有其他应特别关注的市场，如亚洲四小虎、东盟国家、俄罗斯等国，这些国家都具有前景看好的市场潜力，能为中国提供很好的商机。
So far as China is concerned, other markets weshould pay particular attention to are those aroundus: the Four Tigers, the ASEAN countries, Russia,India, and a bit farther away Australia.Lesson 3The past decades witnessed increasinglygrowing importance of regional economicintegration.2.最著名的自由贸易区是北美自由贸易区，它是由美国、加拿大和墨西哥于1991年建立的。
The most notable free trade area is the NorthAmerican Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), itwas formed by the United States, Canada andMexico in 1991.3.经济联盟的成员国不仅要在税收、政府开支、企业策略等方面保持一致，而且还应使用同一的货币。
The members of an Economic Union are required notonly to harmonize their taxation, governmentexpenditure, industry policies, etc., but also use thesame currency.4.欧洲委员会是欧盟的管理机构之一，此机构将提议呈交给部长理事会做决定，并监督各成员国根据所制定的条约履行自已的义务。
European Commission is one of the administrationinstitutions of European Union, it hands over theproposes to the council of Ministers for decision andoversees member countries to implement theirobligations according to the enacting clauses.5.APEC建立于在澳大利亚首都堪培拉召开的一次部长级会议上。
当时有12位成员国出席，分别为澳大利亚、美国、加拿大、日本、朝鲜、新西兰和东盟六国。
APEC was set up at the Ministerial Meeting held in theAustralian capital Canberra attended by 12 members ofAustralia, the United States, Canada, Japan, Republic ofKorea, New Zealand and six ASEAN countries.Lesson 4同时也使各经济体更加相互依赖、相互影响。
Economic globalization is giving new impetus andproviding opportunities to world economicdevelopment and meanwhile making the variouseconomies more and more interdependent andinteractive.2.跨国公司是在一个以上国家拥有、控制和经营资产的商业组织。
Multinational enterprise is a business organizationwhich owns, controls and manages assets in more thanone country.3.许多人欢呼经济全球化带来的好处，但同进也有强烈的反对声音。
While many people are acclaiming the benefits broughtabout by economic globalization, there are also loudvoices of opposition.4.跨国公司的内部交换占整个国际贸易的一个很大的精品文档比例。
Intra-MNE transactions constitute a very significant proportion of total international trade.5.尽管公司的日常管理工作下放到跨国企业的子公司，但重要决策，如有关公司目标和新投资等都由母公司来决定。
Although the day-to-day running of corporate operations maybe decentralized to the affiliates, the major decisions, such as those on corporate goal, new investments and their location, are made by the parent company.6.无论人们是否喜欢，经济全球化已成为世界经济发展中的一个客观趋势。
Like it or not, economic globalization has become an objective trend in world economic development. Lesson 5足。
In the complex economic world, no country can be completely self-sufficient.2.随着制造业和技术的发展，出现了另一个刺激贸易的因素，即国际专业化。
With the development of manufacturing and technology, there arose another incentive for trade, i.e. international specialization.3.按照比较利益学说，两个贸易伙伴均可从贸易中得到好处。