词法翻译实例
翻译阅读笔记：词法翻译-具体
H们可以清楚地看出译文将上面的译法具体化了，用日常生活中经常看到的东西，经常说的话来表达，这样的译文形象生动，并且极富感染力，显得非常地道。
自我思考：很难处理的人我们可能会理解成a man who is difficult to deal with.这样翻译很不地道而且很中国化，我们要了解英语国家一些常用的表达来替代相关说法。这样的表达还有：a jolly dog, a small potato, the quite and clean potato等。
自我思考：可能大多数人包括我自己在内，看到“理智与情感”这样的表达会自然而然联想到艾米丽-勃朗特的同名小说“Sense and sensibility”.而做这样的翻译时也会这样翻译，译文中翻译成the head and the heart。可能比较形象，但是估计应该用在非正式的场合，正式场合还是用你前者吧。
译文：How do we account for this spilt between the critics and readers., the head and the heart?
原书评析：从上面的例子我们可以看出，往往会使用英语中习惯了的形象说法，，来表达汉语中表达类似概念的比较抽象的译法。
原文：
【例二】刹车声刺激了我的神经。冯庆华（2008:73）
译文：The screeching of the breaks got on my nerves.
原书评析：表示声音的词是比较抽象的，，但是翻译成英语时都需要形象化处理，有马达声的rumbling,和自行车的jangling会给我们如临其境，如闻其声的感觉，使得译文甚至超过了原文。
自我思考：我们在翻译的过程中其实不难发现，很多时候英语的拟声词和其所代表的自然界所发出的声音是不一样的，在这种程度上看，我们汉语可能表达得更为生动形象，比如：喵，汪汪，滴答等等，英语中也有这样的拟声词，但是我接触比较多的还是不能直接表达出来的需要我们去积累。
词法翻译篇练习
词法翻译篇练习词法翻译篇第⼀章汉英词汇⽐较与翻译第⼀节翻译中的选义⼀1. 他昨天擦破了⽪，现在到医院换药去了。
He had a scratch yesterday and now has gone to change dressing[1] in the hospital.2. 佃农家庭的⽣活⾃然是很苦的。
可是由于母亲聪明能⼲，却也舒服。
The life of a tenant farmer’s family was of course hard, but we somehow managed to scrape along because mother was a clever and able woman.3. 豪华家具带给您典雅的欧陆风情。
You will be enchanted by the unique European style of Fuhua furniture4. 我那新郎官哪！那个死东西！他就是死也不肯仅洞房。
My betrothed! Damn him, he simply refused to come into the bridal chamber!⼆、量词搭配1. ⼀窝蜜蜂 a swarm of bees ⼀窝⼩鸡 a brood of chickens ⼀窝幼⽝ a litter of pups2. ⼀群美⼥ a bevy of beautiful ladies ⼀群猎狗 a pack of hounds⼀群鸭 a team of ducks ⼀群羚⽺ a herd of antelopes3. 积极⽀持 unfailing support 积极的财政政策 proactive fiscal policy积极利⽤国外资源 make effective use of overseas resources4. 打电话 make a phone call 打的 take a taxi 打⽑⾐ knit a woolen sweater打⽔ fetch water 打农药 spray insecticide5. 基本⼯资 basic wage 基本建设 capital construction 基本物质 essential commodity基本⼯业 primary industry 基本利益 fundamental interest三、翻译句⼦（“意见”与“事”）1.两位领导就双边关系及共同关⼼的问题交换了意见。
Chapter 2 词法翻译技巧
合并译法
二、并列成分的省略
这家大公司的破产导致了这座城市下岗和失业人员增多，就业压力加大…… The bankruptcy of this big company has caused an increase in unemployment and more pressure of employment. 目标的轻重缓急、孰先孰后应该仔细研究、认真考虑和反复推敲。 Target priorities should be very carefully studied. 那件令人不快的事件，已经搞得满城风雨、人人皆知了。 There has been much publicity about the unpleasant case. 在长期的革命历程中，各民主党派与中国共产党同呼吸共命运。 In the protracted process of the Chinese revolution, the various democratic parties shared a common fate with the Chinese Communist Party.
Chapter 2 词法翻译的一般技巧
第一节 对等译法
• • • • • • • • 1. “假朋友”问题 白菜 密码 手机 救火 早恋 青春痘 方便面
• • • •
2. 对等表达 单词 成语 谚语
第二节 增词译法
• 1. 冬天是研究树木生长的最好的季节。虽则树叶落了，树 枝光了，但树木本身却是美丽的。 • 2. 公共场所禁止吸烟。 • 3. 中国是一个历史悠久的大国。 • 4. 要形成一种制度，确保领导班子年轻化，知识化。 • 5. 她用手捂住脸。 • 6. 他们躲起来了。 • 7. 交出翻译之前，必须多读几遍。 • 8. 这款手机物美价廉。 • 9. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
词法翻译(四)具体译法
你应该分清好坏。 separate the good from the bad You should separate the sheep from the goats.
分清大小： separate the big from the small 分清主次： draw a clear distinction between the primary and the secondarythorny problem; knotty problem; a problem of some delicacy; He has many hot potatoes to handle every day.
你不要过早乐观，真正的困难还在 后头呢。
full of anxiety and worry
（三）句子（英译汉）
All the people were angered by his fault-finding.
所有的人都被他的吹毛求疵的做法激 怒了。
We were all greatly moved by his loftiness.
我们都被他那种崇高气质所深深打 动。
translation
family committee government
翻译
家庭 委员会 政府
翻译作品
家庭成员 委员会成员 政府官员
class
班级
全班同学
（二）成语
单词 very timid very strong very anxious to return home 抽象 非常胆小 十分强壮 非常想回家 十分挂念 具体 胆小如鼠 壮得像头牛 归心似箭 牵肠挂肚
prematurely optimistic Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.
第十一讲： 词法翻译
一、 重复名词和动词 1. Since most new smokers apparently are women, my friend‟s confusion was understandable. And there are more than ever since September 11. （1）因为多数新近成为烟民的显然都是女性，我朋 友把她们混同为妓女，是可以理解的。自9.11事 件发生后，抽烟的女性超过以往任何时候。 （2）大多数的新烟民似乎都是女性，我的朋友误以 为她们是妓女也情有可原。自9.11事件发生后， 抽烟的女性人数比以往任何时候都多。
三Байду номын сангаас重复形容词
1). We want such materials as can bear high temperature and pressure. 我们需要能耐高温、高压的材料。 2). Everybody appreciates polite words and manners. 每个人都会赞赏礼貌的言辞和礼貌的举止。 3). They are loyal to the motherland and the people. 他们忠于祖国，忠于人民。
12. Some theaters concentrate on the classics and serious dramas, some on light comedy, some on musicals. 有些剧院集中上演经典剧目和严肃戏剧，有些剧 院集中上演轻喜剧，而有些剧院则集中上演音乐 剧。 13. Around the world, laws on human cloning research are either restrictive, absent, or are lagging behind what is happening in the laboratory. （1）全世界关于克隆人研究的法律要么加以限制， 要么缺乏，要么落后于实验室的进程。 （2）全世界关于克隆人研究要么以法律加以限制， 要么缺乏此类法律，要么立法滞后于实验室研究 的进展。
词法翻译学生版
第二章词法翻译词法翻译即根据“表达通顺”的需要在词类层次进行的各种处理，包括词性（类）转换、增词或减词、重复或省略、正译或反译、抽象化和具体化等等方法，以达到“表达通顺”之目的，此类方法，大多属于“此路不通，另辟蹊径”。
第一节词类转译词类转译又叫词性转换。
翻译过程中，为了句子通顺的需要，有时需改变原文的词性，不必也不可拘泥于原文的词性：即不能追求词性的对等。
一、转译成动词：1.Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources.2.The government called for the establishment of more technical schools.3.I am so grateful to my father for his continuous encouragement during my childhood.lions of the people in the mountainous areas are finally off poverty.5.It was a very informative meeting.6.This pupil is a good writer.7.I am no drinker, nor smoker.8.I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I.9.Rockets have found their application for the exploration of the universe.10. Arrogance and complacency turned out to be his ruin.11. The application of electronic computers makes for a tremendous rise in labor productivity.12. Ours is a policy for peace.13. Those Mexicans were great workmen. (jinghao: P.107)14. The Bench was nothing to me but an insensible blunderer.15. He is not an originator, but merely a calculator.二、转译成名词：1. Formality has always characterized their relationship.2. To them, he personified the absolute power.3. It was officially announced that Paris is invited to the conference.4. This instrument is chiefly characterized by its simplicity of structure.5. Glass is more transparent than plastic cloth.6. This problem is no more important than that one.7. A well-dressed man, who looked and talked like an American, got into the car.8. Stevenson is eloquent and elegant—but soft.9. Because of Einstei n’s theory, scientists never regarded again regarded the world as they had before.10. The knowledge of how to communicate in an original, amusing, and spontaneous manner todelight the audience may be of importance to a would-be lecturer.三、转译成形容词。
翻译阅读笔记：词法翻译-转性
词语翻译：转性-索引
冯庆华(2008:56-57)《汉英翻译基础教程》北京：高等教育出版社
班级
学号
姓6
摘抄：冯庆华(2008:56-57)《汉英翻译基础教程》北京：高等教育出版社
原文：
【例一】他们养着马和牛，前者供乘骑，后者用供食用。冯庆华（2008:56）
原书评析：这个例子中把“有社会觉悟”和“有文化”的这两个形容词转化为名词socialist consciousness和culture.在词类转化过程中，形容词转化为名词是较常见的，但在汉译英的过程中，我们还会遇到其他形式的转换，这样的表达更符合英语的表达习惯。
自我思考：除了原文评价中提到的形容词转化为名词以外，也有将名词转化为副词的，比如原文中“德育”，“智育”和“体育”翻译成了这样的形式“morally”,“intellectually”,“physically”,这样的翻译显得很简洁，也很巧妙使得结构严谨，语言流畅。
原文：
【例二】朱延年用热情的款待把他的窘态遮盖过去。冯庆华（2008：57）
译文：Zhu Yannian covered up his embarrassment with the enthusiasm of his hospitality.
原书评析：原文中形容词“热情的“转化成名词+of结构，这一表达符合英语的表达习惯。
译文：Our educational policy must enable everyone who receives an education to develop morally ,intellectually, and physically and becomes a worker with both socialist consciousness and culture.
初中汉译英词类转译法的例子
初中汉译英词类转译法的例子一、什么是汉译英词类转译法汉译英词类转译法是在翻译中，将汉语中的词类转换成英语中对应的词类的一种翻译方法。
由于中英两种语言的词类体系存在差异，采用该方法可以更准确地表达原文的意思。
二、例子1：汉语中的名词转译成英语中的动词1.汉语句子：他飞了起来。
英译：He flew up.2.汉语句子：她唱歌跳舞。
英译：She sings and dances.3.汉语句子：他坐了下来。
英译：He sat down.三、例子2：汉语中的动词转译成英语中的名词1.汉语句子：开会的时候，请关掉手机。
英译：Please turn off yourphone during the meeting.2.汉语句子：他在学校读书。
英译：He studies at school.3.汉语句子：请别打扰我。
英译：Please don’t disturb me.四、例子3：汉语中的形容词转译成英语中的副词1.汉语句子：她穿得很漂亮。
英译：She looks very beautiful.2.汉语句子：这件事情做得很好。
英译：This thing is done very well.3.汉语句子：他说得有道理。
英译：He speaks persuasively.五、例子4：汉语中的副词转译成英语中的形容词1.汉语句子：他跑得很快。
英译：He runs very fast.2.汉语句子：她说话听得懂。
英译：Her speech is understandable.3.汉语句子：她笑得很开心。
英译：She laughs happily.六、例子5：汉语中的数词转译成英语中的名词或形容词1.汉语句子：他过了六十岁生日。
英译：He had his 60th birthday.2.汉语句子：我买了十本书。
英译：I bought ten books.3.汉语句子：那个村庄有一千多人。
英译：There are over a thousandpeople in that village.七、例子6：汉语中的量词转译成英语中的of短语1.汉语句子：一杯咖啡英译：a cup of coffee2.汉语句子：一把椅子英译：a chair3.汉语句子：一条狗英译：a dog八、总结汉译英词类转译法是一种有效的翻译方法，特别适用于将中文翻译成英文时，准确表达原文意思。
笔译词法翻译例句
第五章：词法翻译一、对等译法：单词成语谚语二、词义引申：具体译法抽象译法增词译法省词译法合词译法转性译法词义的褒贬对等译法：✧thousands upon thousands of 成千上万✧Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
✧Ill news travels fast. 恶事传千里。
✧More haste, less speed. 欲速则不达。
✧turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻✧burn one’s boats破釜沉舟✧fish in trouble waters 浑水摸鱼✧touch and go 一触即发✧He went through fire and flood to save his mother. 赴汤蹈火，不顾艰险✧By searching his heart he could not but admit that he was in thewrong. 扪心自问✧As things stood（按目前的情况来看）, what else could he do butswallow the insult? 忍气吞声✧She always throws her cares to the winds. 把忧愁抛到九霄云外✧颠倒黑白call white black✧视而不见Turn a blind eye to✧引狼入室set the wolf to keep the sheep✧出门一里，不如家里。
East and west, home is best.✧皇天不负苦心人。
Providence does not let down a man who doeshis best.词义引申1.具体译法●大吵大闹raise the roof●有花不完的钱have enough money to burn●家丑a skeleton in the cupboard (closet)●保密keep sth. under one’s hat●There is more to their life than political and social and economicproblem, more than transient everydayness.译文：他们的生活不止那些政治的、社会的和经济的问题，远不止一时的柴米油盐问题。
词法翻译法
• （二）增加意义或修辞上需要的部分 What a leader he is ! The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. 那位老人教会了孩子捕鱼，所以孩子很爱他。（ 表达时态）
IV. 省略法
• 省略法是指在翻译中，原文中有些词在译文中 可以省略不译。目的在于使译文更加流畅，更 符合译文习惯，而非改变原文的意义。 • 从语法上看： 省略代词，连接词，冠词，介词，动词等 The significance of a man is not in what he attained attain. 人生的意义不在于已经获取的，而在于渴望得到 什么样的东西。（泛指人称代词作主语） As it is late, you’d better go home. 时间不早了，你最好回家。（省略表示原因的 连接词）
• 从修辞上看： 省略重复出现的词或短语，省略可有可无的词 • University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. 报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。
V.重复法
• 表示增加意义的词+by a factor of+数词 这种名句译成汉语时，必须把原文中的数字减去 一，因为汉语不把基数包括在内。 The population of this county has increased by a factor of five. 这个县的人口已经增长了4倍。 double（变成两倍），treble（变成三倍）， quadruple（变成四倍）
• （二）转译成名词 被动式的动词转译成名词 He was treated very shabbily by the press during this period. 在这期间，他受到了新闻界极不公正的对待。
英汉互译-词法翻译ts
50) The light-fingered gentry frequented these shops. 梁上君子经常光顾这家商店。
上面10个例句中的原文都包含1条英语成语，而且 都非常形象。10 个译文都成功地使用了对等译法， 都用对等的汉语成语进行翻译,不但做到了比喻意义 和感情色彩的对等，而且尽可能做到比喻形式的对 等。
7
JRJ7
英汉互译
13) in deep water 14) turn up one's nose at 15) skin and bones 16) touch and go 水深火热 嗤之以鼻 皮包骨头
17) from the cradle to the grave 一触即发 18) hit the nail on the head 一生一世 一语道破
29
29 JRJ
英汉互译
(一）单词、词组和成语英译汉时具体译法的译例 1) transportation 2) advertisement 运输—运输工具 广告—广告资料
3) propaganda
宣传—宣传机关
30
30 JRJ
英汉互译
4) translation 翻译—翻译作品 5) government
8
JRJ8
英汉互译
19) 充耳不闻 20) 出人头地 21) 吹毛求疵 22) 破釜沉舟
23) 大惊小怪
24) 大海捞针
turn a deaf ear to be head and shoulders above others pick a hole in sb‘s coat burn one's boat make a fuss about look for a needle in a bundle of hay
词法翻译(二)_褒贬译法-词类转译
褒贬译法；词类转译法
5．词义的褒贬—褒贬译法
带褒义的词： • noble（高尚的） • heroic（英雄的） • sacrifice（牺牲） • polite（有礼貌的） • brave（勇敢的） • kindness（仁慈）
带贬义的词: • accomplice（帮凶） • cheat（欺骗、骗子） • cruel（残忍的） • die-hard(顽固的) •人赞成放弃这项计划。
The first speaker was for abandoning the
project.
4）尽管机票昂贵，还是有成千上万的人乘坐飞
机旅行。 Though plane tickets are expensive, there
are still thousands upon thousands of
people who travel by air.
3. 英语形容词与汉语动词相互转译
英语句子中用作表语的形容词属于动态形容词，常常表 示知觉，情欲，愿望等心理状态，它们往往可以与表 示知觉、情感等心理活动的汉语动词相互转译。
1) He was jealous of his friends’ reputation.
2) She flared up at the sight of her husband walking with another woman.
她一看到自己的丈夫和另一个女人走在一起就勃然大
怒。
C-E
3) 一提到钱，那陌生人就全神贯注起来。
At the mention of money, the stranger
2.英语介词与汉语动词相互转译
英语有大量的介词和介词词组，极大地丰富了英语的表达法。汉 语则多用动词，少用介词。在英汉互译中，英语介词和汉语动 词常常需要相互转译。
翻译技巧一：词法翻译法
第一节：词义的选择For example: Last1) He is the last man to come.他是最后来的。
2) I wouldn’t marry you even if you were the last person on earth.即使世上只剩下你一个人，我也不会和你结婚的。
3) He is the last man to do such kind of dirty thing.他决不会做这种肮脏的事。
4) He is the last person for such a job.他最不配/不适合干这活。
For example: story•This war is becoming the most important story of this generation.这场战争行将成为这一代人的最重大的事件。
•It is quite another story now.现在的情况完全不同了。
•Some reporters who were not included in the session broke the story.有些没让参加那次会议的记者把内情捅出去了。
•He'll be very happy if that story holds up.如果这一说法当真，那他就太高兴了。
•story•The Rita Haywoth’s story is one of the saddest.丽泰·海华丝的遭遇算最惨的了。
• A young man came to Scotti‘s office with a story.一个年轻人来到斯科特的办公室报案。
1•Last Dec. the Post first reported that probes were being made in each of those cities, but officials refused to confirm the story.去年12月，《邮报》首先报道侦察工作已在那些城市里进行，但官员们拒绝证实这条消息。
翻译
词法翻译技巧巩固练习：对等译法：一般指在词汇的文化和功能上两种语言所共同认可并使用的。
1.我想借此机会向你们表达我们的感谢。
I wish to express ourgratitude to you through this opportunity.此题所采用的词法翻译技巧是对等译法，只要通过中西方思维的转换，翻译出每个词即可。
2.这座山海拔1000英尺。
The mountain is 1000 feet above the sealevel.此题是典型对等译法，逐字翻译。
3.发展体育运动，增强人民体质。
Promote physical culture andstrengthen the people’s health.本小题采用对等译法并且用and 连接两个小分句。
4.我们工作一不为名二不为利。
We worked neither for fame norfor personal again.(对等译法)5.增强自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法律意识而后开拓创新意识。
Increase the awareness about self-reliance,competition,efficiency,and democracy and the rule of law, as well as the pioneering and innovation spirit.(减词译法)6.这就彻底打破了他华而不实的梦想。
This shatter his illusion.(减词译法)7.我们强烈要求美国政府就这次事件向中国郑重道歉。
Wedemand that US government apologize to China for this incident.（减词译法）8.我们就要有这个雄心壮志。
We must have this ambition.(合并译法)9.这5场演出是场场爆满，座无虚席，许多观众只好立足观看。
英译汉讲稿07词法翻译
这是1940年6月4日，丘吉尔就过去一周内（5月27日到6月4日）盟军敦刻尔克大撤退取得成功向议会所做报告中的一段。此句前面的话为：
Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous states have fallen or may fall into the grip of Gestapo and all the odious apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail.
4
谁触犯了法律，谁就应受到制裁。
5
（违法必究）
She was proficient both as a singer and as a dancer.
We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of each other—of everything but our host and hostess.
B．原文省略，译文重复：
John is your friend as much as mine.
01
约翰是你的朋友，同样是我的朋友。
02
But we still have defect, and very big ones.
03
但我们还是有缺点的，而且是很大的缺点。
04
Jesse opened his eyes. They were filled with tears.
1
2
The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.
词法翻译
• 照当时的情况，他除了忍气吞声又能怎么 办呢？ • As things stood，what else could he do but swallow the insult. • 侵略者已经走投无路 • The invaders had come to the end of their tether. • 你为什么要引狼入室？ • Why did you set the wolf to keep the sheep?
• He went through the fire and flood to save his mother • 他赴汤蹈火去救他的母亲 • You have a lucky star above you. • 你真是福星高照 • She is now between the devil and the deep sea on this matter • 她现在进退维谷。 • He is reaping what he has sown. • 他是咎由自取。
走： walk，stride, trudge, tiptoe, amble, wander, prance 机： machine，engine, plane, aircraft 羊： sheep, goat, ram, ewe, lamb
• 4.equivalents interwoven with one another In this case , a certain word may be treated differently according to various circumstances or collocations. say 说 speak 讲 talk 谈 tell 诉
出门一里，不如家里 East and west, home is best 皇天不负苦心人 Everthing comes to him who waits 小巫见大巫 The moon is not seen when the sun shines 山中无老虎，猴子称大王 When the cat is away ，the mice will play In the blind people’s world, the one-eyed is the king
翻译第一讲+词法翻译
英语副词转化为汉语形容词 （adv.—adj.） The engineer had prepared meticulously for his design. 工程师为这次设计作了十分周密的准备。 Traditionally, there had always been good relations between them. 他们之间一直有着传统的友好关系。
When the pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low. 气压低，沸点就低。（省略动词）
University applicants who had worked would receive preference over those who had not. 报考大学的人，有工作经验者优先录取。
试一试
Under given conditions, the harmful can be transformed into the beneficial. 在一定条件下，坏事可以变成好事。
练一练 1. He was deeply impressed by what they did in the critical moment. 他们在关键时刻的所作所为给他留下深刻的 印象。 2. An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs. 了解一些世界史有助于研究时事。
词类转换
英语名词转换为汉语动词（n—v.）
汉语中动词用的多，在英译汉时，很多词类可以转 译为动词
Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。
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具体译法
• • • • • 棘手的问题hot potatoes 无用而又累赘的东西a white elephant 未到手的东西 a bird in the bush 折角了 dog-eared 过早乐观 Don't count your chickens before they are hatched • 股息坏人 warm snakes in your bosoms • 莫名其妙 make neither head or tail of it
抽象译法
• • • • • • • fall back upon 依靠。。。的帮助 put a new face on 使。。改观 cat and dog existence 经常吵架的生活 play the fox 对。。耍滑头 field --农耕 hearth ---壁炉，家务 sword--征战 needle-- 缝纫 head--善于分析 heart-- 富于情感
褒贬译法
• • • • • • • • all sb's glory 仪态万方 like a buffoon 丑态百出 wise and resourseful 资质多谋 a whole bag of tricks 诡计多端 pretty little girl petty thief 小 great hall 大 terrific din
• as luck would have it •
褒贬译法
• • • • • • • • • • 执着的
persistent
没完没了的 with loyalty and devotion 忠心耿耿地 diehard 死心塌地 firm and indomitable 坚韧不拔的 incorrigibly obstinate 顽固不化的 try to be different 别出心裁 swindle and bluff 招摇撞骗
抽象译法
• • • • • 犬马之劳 work faithfully 三心二意 wavering 雪中送炭 offer timely help 血肉相连 maintain the closest (心里)七上八下 in a turmoil
• • • •
增词译法 省词译法 转性译法 换形译法
合词译法
抽象译法
• • • • • • • • • 大刀阔斧 be bold and resolute 固步自封，self-satisfication, narrow-minded, 夜郎自大consevative,ignorant boasting 鸡犬不宁 great disorder 汗马功劳 outstanding military 吓得目瞪口呆 be stunned 盘根错节 too complicated 三言两语 in a few words 棋逢对手 well-matched
合词译法
• • • • • 回心转意change one's mind 出类拔萃stand out from the rest 为非作歹do anything wrong 惊心动魄 startling 言和意顺，似漆如胶 on all matters,....be on complete accord • 孤高自诩，目下无尘 standoffish reserve • 心动神移，魂消魄丧 be utterly enchanting • 孤孤凄凄，举目无亲 be entirely on your own
对等译法
a grain of salt 半信半疑 get an ace up your sleeve 锦囊妙计 through fire and flood赴汤蹈火 lucky star above sb 吉星高照 between the devil and the deep sea 进退维谷 reap what he has sown 咎由自取 throw sb's care to the wind 把忧愁抛到九霄云外 fair without but foul within 口蜜腹剑 ready tongue 伶牙俐齿 light -fingered gentry梁上君子
具体译法
• 对半分 go fifty-fifty • 依靠父母过日子 hang on my parent's sleeves • 把好坏分清楚 seperate the sheep from the goats • 反复无常 blow hot and cold • 非常相似 run in the same groove • 进退两难 hold a wolf by the ears
• • • • • • • • • • transformation 转化过程 indifference 冷漠态度 segregation 隔离政策 notoriety 声名狼藉的境地 lightheatedness 轻松愉快的心境 foolhardiness 蛮干作风 irregularity 越轨行为 dejection 沮丧的情绪 tension 紧张局势 vi• • • • 只管自己的事hoe one's own potatoes 说话不看对象cast pearls before swine 美中不足的 flying in the ointment 自作自受 give her rope to hang herself 勾心斗角put spokes in the other's wheels 杀气腾腾make vicious attacks
抽象译法
• • • • • • • under the table 私下 behind the closed doors 秘密 keep body and soul together 维持生活 with a vigorous hand 使劲 lose one's head 昏了头 have no head for 没有。。。的天赋 wake a sleeping dog 惹是生非
贬：you'll be sorry if you try anything funny in class 玩鬼花样 she is a bit funny sometimes 疯疯癫癫的 Don't be funny with your boss. 放肆
褒贬译法
• 褒 thanks to • by virtue of • 中 owing to • due to • because of • as a result of • in the view of • 贬 in consequence of •
抽象译法
• • • • • • • • • 喝了大胆汤 have great courage 插一脚 get involved in 鸡零狗碎 all the bits and pieces of trifles 顺风耳well informed 一身冷汗extremely terrified 拦路虎obstacles 毛骨悚然horror -sticken 毛遂自荐volunteer 班门弄斧 show off
合词译法
• • • • • • • • • fair and square 公平 hard and fast 严格的 dead and gone的确死了 forgive and forget 非常宽容 wise and clever 非常聪明 silly and foolish 很笨 shake and tremble 不停地发抖 culture and learning很有学问 goals and aims 目的
褒贬译法
• • • • • • • • carefulness 认真仔细 meticulousness 谨小慎微 brave 勇敢的 reckless 莽撞的 self-respecting 有自尊心的 egotisitic自私自利的 tough-minded意志坚强 ruthless 残忍的
褒贬译法
• • • • • • • foresightedness 富于远见的 calculating 工于心计 mercenary 唯利是图 ambitious politicians有野心的政客 ambitious 有雄心壮志的 stubborn犟 stubborn 顽强的
褒贬译法
• • • 好动的
restless 探索不止的 真幸运 真不凑巧的
抽象译法
• • • • • • • • on my knee 苦苦哀求 at sword's points 有激烈的争执 a rolling stone 见异思迁 at second hand 间接 take it with a grain of salt 不完全相信 break my neck to 尽我最大的努力 cast in a bone between 离间 pull the wool over one's eyes 蒙蔽
合词译法
• • • • • 忍饥挨饿 go hungry 不屈不挠 indominable] 洗心革面，脱胎换骨 turn over a new leaf 过河拆桥，忘恩负义 kick down the ladder 专心致志，聚精会神 devote our full attention • 毛遂自荐，自告奋勇 volunteered for
• • • • • •
famous notorious thanks to in consequence of imagination fancy
褒贬译法
• funny
褒： funny story滑稽的故事 funny writer 风趣的作家 he is being funny 他在逗乐 中性：there is something funny about the matter 事情有点蹊跷 a funny black hat 古怪的黑帽子
对等译法
每况愈下 on the downgrade 迷人眼目 throw the dust into the eye of 扪心自问 search sb's heart 摩拳擦掌 roll up one's sleeves 全力以赴 do our level best 忍气吞声 swallow the insult 走投无路 come to the end of their tether 游手好闲 eat the bread of idleness 引狼入室 set the wolf to keep the sheep 信口开河 shoot one's mouth 一窍不通 don't know the first thing