导学案样板11

龙冉教育学科导学案
教师:学生:日期:星期:时段:课题
学习目标与
考点分析
认清和理解复合句
学习重点重点：复合句难点：
学习方法探究法、分析、对比、归纳总结
学习内容与过程
回顾所学，强化旧知
复合句
复合句是近十几年高考的重点、考点之一。

它不仅在单项填空中考查，而且在短文改错中占很大比重；同时，在完形填空、阅读理解中也直接或间接被考查。

对复合句掌握的好坏能反映考生英语综合能力的情况。

根据从句在句子中的作用，复合句可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。

名词性从句和定语从句
【考点点拨】
名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

近几年高考对名词性从句的考查重点如下：
【考点1】名词性从句中引导词that与what的使用场合。

1．that 引导名词性从句时，不在从句中充当任何成分，只起连接作用；而what是连接代词，在从句中充当成分。

①______ made the school proud was _______ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
(2003上海春季)
A. What / because
B. What / that
C. That / what
D. That / because
2．that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略, 但当有两个和两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。

如：She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.
②Word comes ________ a group of Australian guests will come to visit our school next week.
A. that
B. which
C. 不填
D. about which (2005天津·2月)
3．介词后的宾语从句常用what，whether引导，不用that，which引导。

但在介词besides，except，in后可用that引导宾语从句。

在有it作先行词时，that可用来引导介词后的宾语从句。

③The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as
B. which
C. what
D. that (2004上海春季)
【考点2】名词性从句中引导词whether与if 的用法区别。

引导及物动词或形容词后的宾语从句
可以互换的场合：He is not sure if / whether he can manage to do it.
当与or not分开使用时
He wondered if / whether we will attend the meeting or not.
引导表语从句、同位语从句及位于句首的主语从句只能用whether不能用if的场合：引导介词后的宾语从句（有时可省略）
后面紧跟or not时
后面直接跟动词不定式时
④_____ the flight to New York will be delayed is ____ I’m especially worried about. (2003南京)
A. If ; what
B. Whether ; that
C. When ; that
D. Whether ; what
【考点3】在动词：一坚持（insist）、二命令（order，command）、三建议（suggest，advise，propose）、四要求（demand，require，request，ask）后的宾语从句和这些动词的过去分词后的主语从句，以及这些动词的名词引出的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语部分常用（should）do形式。

⑤I advised that he _____ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he _____ quite well then.
A. be sent; was feeling
B. was sent; sent
C. be sent; feel
D. should be sent; should feel (2005年山东·2月)
【考点4】名词性从句的语序只能是陈述句语序，宾语从句的时态应该与主句的谓语动词的时态保持一致。

⑥They are teachers and don’t realize ______ to start and run a company. (2004 黄冈)
A. what takes it
B. what they take
C. what takes them
D. what it takes
【考点5】whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever和however在引导名词性从句时不可与no matter who / which / what/ when/ where / how 替换，因为后者只能引导让步主语从句。

⑦——Have a nice trip!
——T hanks. I’ll telephone you from _____ I get to by tomorrow evening. (2004 广州)
A. wherever
B. every place
C. whenever
D. no matter where
定语从句可分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。

高考对定语从句的考查常涉及以下几个方面：
【考点6】正确区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的结构；理解关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的作用；特别注意指代整个主句内容的关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。

⑧I shall never forget the day _____ Shenzhou V was launched, _____ has a great effect on my life.
A. when; which
B. that; which
C. which; that
D. when; that (2004北京东城)
【考点7】关系代词that，who，which以及as的用法区别。

指人时常只用who不用that的情况；
指物时只用which不用that的情况；
只用that不用which的情况；
关系代词as与which的用法区别；
the same … that … 与the same … as …的区别
⑨There is no such place ______ you dream of in all this world. (2004北京西城·5月)
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. as
【考点8】区别that引导的定语从句与that引导的同位语从句。

that引导同位语从句时，that是纯连词，在从句中不充当任何成分；that引导定语从句时，that是关系代词，在从句中充当主语或宾语等。

比较：
The news that they had won the game arrived soon.
The news that you told me yesterday is true.
⑩Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002上海春季)
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
【考点9】定语从句中谓语动词须与先行词在人称与数上保持一致。

⑾He is the only one of the students who ________ a winner of scholarship in three years.
A. is
B. are
C. have been
D. has been (2002上海春季)
【考点10】在先行词为time，place，reason时，常可用that代替when，where，why，并常常省去。

如：That was the reason (that) / why / for which he left home.
⑿What surprised me was not what he said but _______ he said it. (2004湖北)
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
【趋势】近几年高考对名词性从句的考查日趋灵活，多以考查名词性从句的引导词为主，并且常与定语从句和状语从句等相关知识结合起来考查。

【各个击破】
1．The boy dived into the water and after _____ seemed to be a long time, he came up again.
A. what
B. that
C. it
D. which
2．These two areas are similar _____ they both have a high rainfall during this season.
A. except that
B. in which
C. in that
D. so that
3．You may depend on ______ that all the goods will be shipped abroad in time.
A. which
B. it
C. whom
D. these
4．Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and ________ more than 10,000 years ago.
A. this is Alaska
B. Alaska is now
C. is now Alaska
D. what is now Alaska
5．Look at the watch. Don’t you see it is ______ watch _______ Helen lost the other day?
A. as the same ; as
B. the same ; as
C. the same ; which
D. as the same ; that
6．The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, ______ is often the case in other countries.
A. as
B. that
C. so
D. it
7．_____ was known to them all that Bob had broken his promise _____ he would give them a rise.
A. As; which
B. What; that
C. It; that
D. It; which
8．That is the reason ______ he gave us for carrying out the plan.
A. because
B. why
C. how
D. that
9．Was it in the village ______ we used to live in ______ the accident happened?
A. where; that
B. which; that
C. that; where
D. where; which
10．The hours _______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affected their relationship with real-life people.
A. that
B. when
C. in which
D. on which
11．Mr. Smith will move into his new house next Sunday, ____ it will be completely finished.
A. on that time
B. by which time
C. on which
D. by the time
12．In the book, Newton is shown as a gifted scientist who stood at the point in history ______ magic ended and science began.
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. which
13．The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ______ he can walk correctly and safely.
A. when
B. where
C. which
D. whose
14．The question of _____ they are old or young is not important.
A. /
B. whether
C. how
D. if
15．Earth is a rocky planet ________ liquid water, which is necessary for life, can exist.
A. as
B. which
C. where
D. when
状语从句
【要点点拨】
近几年高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在以下几个方面：
【考点1】when，while与as的用法
均可表示“当……的时候”，但有区别：
when：既可接表示动作性或短暂性的动词，也可接表示状态的动词，不强调主从句谓语动作同时发生。

有时还有“这时”的意思。

while：常接持续性的动词，强调主从句谓语动作同时发生，常用进行时。

有时还有对比意义，意为“然而”。

as：强调同时发生或伴随进行。

常用一般现在时或过去时，意为“一边……一边……”。

有时还有“随着”
含义。

①I do every single bit of housework ________ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.
A. since
B. while
C. when
D. as (2004广西)
【考点2】“一……就……”几种表达法
once，as soon as，the moment / minute，immediately / directly / instantly引导的从句常用一般现在时或过去时。

hardly / scarcely … when…和no sooner … than …结构中，前句常用过去完成式（常用部分倒装形式），后句用过去式。

On doing sth.，each / every / the first / the last + time 后也可直接接从句，一起作时间状语。

②——Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
——Yes. I gave it to her _____ I saw her. (2004北京西城)
A. while
B. the moment
C. suddenly
D. once
【考点3】because，as，since与for的用法比较
because：表示直接的原因或理由。

用于回答Why的问题。

because与so不能同时并列使用。

since：表示对方已知的，无须加以说明的既成事实的理由。

译为“既然”。

as：表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系。

for：常出现在并列句中，不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些补充说明，且不可位于句首。

③_______ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight. (2004江苏启东)
A. For
B. Since
C. When
D. while
【考点4】no matter后可接who，whom，whose，which，what，when，where，how，whether
引导的让步主语从句可用whoever，whomever，whenever，whichever，whatever，wherever，
however替换，但在ever引导其它从句时不可用no matter引导。

④_______, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. (2004上海春季)
A. However the study is amusing
B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is
D. No matter how the story is amusing
【考点5】until / till的用法
⑤It was __________ back home after the experiment. (2004湖北)
A. not until midnight did he go
B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went
D. until midnight when he didn’t go
⑥——Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?
——Yes. He had never praised him ______ he became one of the top students in the grade.
A. after
B. unless
C. until
D. when (2003北京春季)
【考点6】引导让步主语从句应注意等几个问题
1．由although / though ，even if / though引导
注意although / though 引导从句时，主句不能用but，但可用yet或still。

2．由whether … or (not) 引导
3．由though或as引导的倒装句中。

4．though用作副词，可位于句末，并用逗号分开。

⑦——Dad, I’ve finished my assignment.
——Good, and _______ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me. (2003上海)
A. whenever
B. whether
C. whatever
D. no matter
【考点7】before用法
注意before在下列句型中的使用
It will be + 一段时间+ before + 从句
It won’t be long before + 从句
before一词在不同的句型中就有不同的意思，如：“在……之前”、“过了……才”、“没……就”、“不知不觉就……”等。

⑧It will be a long time _____ Mr. Black ______ back abroad. (2002湖北八校)
A. before; comes
B. since; has come
C. before; will come
D. after; will come
【考点8】where引导的定语从句与where引导的地点状语从句的区别
⑨——I have learned that a large new building will be set up ______ the Twin Towers once stood.
——So have I. But the American people haven’t yet got over the shock of September 11.
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. that (2004江苏南通)
【考点9】so that 可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句
⑩Roses need special care ________ they can live through winter. (2004全国卷)
A. because
B. so that
C. even if
D. as
【考点10】状语从句的省略用法
1．当when，while，if，unless引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，且谓语部分由be动词构成（或者从句中有it is…）时，可省略主语和be动词（或省略it is）。

2．在虚拟条件状语从句中，如果从句中有had，should，were时，可省略if，用“had，should，were + 主语”形式。

3．以as，than引导的比较状语从句可全部或部分省去。

4．as if 和as though 从句可用省略形式，后接不定式、分词、形容词和介词。

⑾The research is so designed that once ____ nothing can be done to change it. (NMET2002)
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun
⑿Generally speaking, _____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (2003上海)
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
【各个击破】
1．________, I couldn’t lift the box.
A. As I might try
B. Try although I might
C. As try I might
D. Try as I might
2．The next moment, _____ she had time to realize what was happening, she was hit over the head.
A. when
B. before
C. since
D. as
3．——Do you have any idea what Hank does all day?
——I know he speaks at least as much time watching TV as he __________.
A. does writing
B. writes
C. is writing
D. does to write
4．If the way _____ you do the job is wrong, you will surely fail ____ good your idea may be.
A. how; however
B. /; however
C. that; whatever
D. in which; how
5．She must have gone out early, _____ she had not shown up at breakfast.
A. because
B. since
C. for
D. therefore
6．I don’t think you’ll be able to understand that ______ you are my age.
A. even
B. only when
C. as if
D. even when
7．——Don’t l ook down upon Bob. He has just own advantages.
——Oh, yes. ______ others are weak, he is strong.
A. When
B. Though
C. Where
D. If
8．Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though ______ out of the office.
A. to go
B. went
C. gone
D. would go
9．——Excuse me, is there a gas station around _______ I can fill up my tank?
——Of course, there is one at the end of the road.
A. that
B. in which
C. where
D. which
10．I was advised to arrange for insurance _____ I needed some medical treatment.
A. so that
B. in case
C. for fear of
D. though
11．Mr. Li, though in a bad health, is always well prepared _______ students attend his lecture.
A. in order that
B. so far as
C. whoever
D. however many
12．The earth goes around the sun _____ the moon goes around the earth.
A. so that
B. just like
C. just as
D. as how
13．Doing your homework is a way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true _____ it _____ classroom tests.
A. before; gets
B. as; makes
C. since; takes
D. when; comes to
14．When he reads books, his habit is to make a mark _______ the meaning is unclear to him.
A. there
B. wherever
C. the place
D. in which
15．It was not ______ he took off his dark glasses _____ I realized he was a famous football star.
A. when; that
B. until; did
C. when; then
D. until; that
名词性从句与定语从句：ACBDB ACDBA BABBC
状语从句：DBABC DCACB DCDBD
教学反思：
今天我学到了什么？
学生对于本次课的评价：
○特别满意○满意○一般○差学生签字：
教师评定：
1、学生上次作业评价：○非常好○好○一般○需要优化
2、学生本次上课情况评价：○非常好○好○一般○需要优化
教师签字：
主任签字：时间：年月日。