英语人文知识

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5分钟搞定人文知识关键词(英语学习).doc

5分钟搞定人文知识关键词（英语学习）学生党已经陆续返校，经历了一个春节的“洗礼”，想必此时一定是踌躇满志，开始(你懂得哦呵呵)或继续备战专八考试。

然而复习时间不再等人，所以还是需要一些窍门哒。

下面就由送上关于英语专八”人文知识题“的一些关键词，希望帮助大家记忆。

首先是遍布考(cao)点以卷福闻名现在的腐国——英国United Kingdom(简称UK)PS：千万表再说England，否则苏格兰，威尔士人就不干了。

1、地理大英帝国四大组成：F(腐)4(英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士，北爱尔兰) 英格兰England：面积最大苏格兰Scotland：首府为爱丁堡Edinburgh威尔士Wales：首府为卡迪夫(又译加的夫)Cardiff北爱尔兰Northern Ireland：首府为贝尔法斯特Belfast众所周知，腐国首都为伦敦London下面来列举一些位于大伦敦的著名建筑。

皇家法庭Royal Courts of Justice圣保罗大教堂St. Pau l’s Cathedral说到威斯敏斯特Westminster，我们来detail一下，也许会考呦!威斯敏斯特Westminster是伦敦市的一个行政区，也叫西敏寺。

著名的威斯敏斯特宫Palace of Westminster又称国会大厦Houses of Parliament 坐落在这里，是英国国会(包括上议院House of Lords和下议院House of Commons)的所在地。

这里位于泰晤士河the River Thames 沿岸，坐拥大钟楼Big ben，白厅Whitehall(英国政府)，白金汉宫Buckingham Palace(英国皇宫，女王住的)，还有St. James’Hall 圣詹姆斯宫。

2、历史The Great Charter (1215) 即1215年大宪章：亦称The Great Charter or Magna Charta(差点看成Manga。

人文英语第4

人文英语第4引言人文英语是一门以人文学科为背景的英语学科。

学习人文英语可以帮助学生更好地理解和欣赏英语原版文学作品，同时也可以拓宽学生的跨文化交流能力。

本文将介绍人文英语第4课的内容和学习要点。

课程内容1.文学作品阅读与分析人文英语第4课的重点内容是文学作品的阅读和分析。

通过阅读经典英语文学作品，学生可以了解作品中的文化背景、历史背景以及作者的思想和立意。

同时，学生还可以通过分析作品的语言运用、情节发展等方面，提高自己的文学鉴赏能力。

–《傲慢与偏见》：这部小说是英国作家简·奥斯汀的经典之作。

学生将通过阅读和分析这部作品，了解19世纪英国社会的阶级差异以及女性地位的变迁。

–《麦田里的守望者》：这是美国作家J·D·塞林格的代表作品。

通过阅读这部小说，学生将思考青少年成长过程中的身份认同、自我与社会的关系等主题。

2.文化比较与交流人文英语第4课还将引导学生进行跨文化交流和文化比较。

学生将通过和外国学生交流、讨论不同文化背景下的价值观、习俗和传统等话题，增强自己的跨文化交际能力。

–英式下午茶与中式茶文化的比较：通过比较英式下午茶和中式茶文化，学生将了解不同文化中对茶的认识和品茶礼仪的差异，拓宽自己的文化视野。

–美国式家庭与中国式家庭的比较：通过比较美国式家庭和中国式家庭，学生将了解不同家庭文化中对家庭角色、教育方式等的看法和要求，增进对两种文化的了解。

学习要点1.课前阅读在上课前，学生需要提前阅读指定的文学作品。

阅读时，学生可以标注重点句子、不熟悉的单词和理解困难的地方。

–阅读技巧：可以使用词典或在线翻译工具来查阅不熟悉的单词，同时可以将理解困难的地方做相关的笔记，方便在课堂上与老师和同学讨论。

2.课堂讨论与辩论在课堂上，老师将组织学生进行课程内容的讨论和辩论。

学生可以就文学作品中的某一主题或某一角色发表自己的观点，并听取其他同学的不同意见。

–发言技巧：在发言时，可以先简要概括自己的观点，然后列举一些具体的例子来支持自己的观点。

英语专八人文知识之语言学(详细简化版)

专八加油↖(^ω^)↗语言学（缩略版）1 语言的四个特征:任意性（Arbitrariness），二重性（Duality），创造性（Creativity），移位性（Displacement）2 语言的七个功能：信息功能（Informative），人际功能（Interpersonal Function），施为功能（Performative），感情功能（Emotive Function），寒暄功能（Phatic Communion），娱乐功能（Recreation Function）元语言功能（Metalingual Function）3 语言学的主要分支：语音学（Phonetics），音系学（Phonology）形态学（Morphology），句法学（Syntax)，语义学（Semantics），语用学（Pragmatics），4 宏观语言学（Macrolinguistics）的分支：心理语言学（Psycholinguistics），社会语言学（Sociolinguistics），人类语言学（Anthropological Linguistics，计算机语言学（Computational linguistics）5 规定式（Prescriptive）---描述事情应该是怎样的（describe how things ought to be）描写式（Descriptive）---描述事情本是怎样的（describe how thing are）6 共时研究（Synchronic）---以某个特定时期的语言为研究对象（takes a fixed instant as its point of observation）历时研究（Diachronic）---研究语言各个阶段的发展变化（Study of a language through the course of its history）7 语言（Langue）---说话者的语言能力(the linguistic competence of the speaker）言语（Parole）---语言的实际现象或语料（the actual phenomena or data of linguistic）----索绪尔（Saussure）区分8 语言能力（Competence）---理想语言使用者关于语言的知识储备（underlying knowledge)语言运用（Performance）---真实的语言使用者在实际场景中语言的使用（Actual use ofLanguage)----乔姆斯基（Chomsk）区分9 语音学主要分支:发音语言学（Articulatory Phonetics），声学语言学（Acoustic Phonetics）。

英语人文知识

英语人文知识英语作为世界上最为广泛使用的语言之一，不仅是交流工具，更是一扇了解世界的窗口。

通过学习英语人文知识，我们可以深入了解英语国家的文化、历史和人文特点。

本文将为大家介绍英语人文知识的重要性以及学习英语人文知识的方法。

英语人文知识对于提升英语学习者的语言能力和文化素养具有重要意义。

首先，了解英语国家的文化背景和习俗能够帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语。

例如，英语中的许多短语和俗语都与当地的文化、历史和习俗有关，只有了解这些背景，我们才能够准确把握其含义并正确运用。

另外，英语国家的历史和文化底蕴丰富多样，了解这些内容不仅能够增加我们的知识储备，还能够拓宽我们的思维，提高我们的文化素养和跨文化交际能力。

学习英语人文知识的方法多种多样，下面列举几种常用的方法供大家参考。

首先，阅读是学习英语人文知识的有效途径之一。

通过阅读英语国家的文学作品、历史书籍、传统故事等，我们可以深入了解当地的文化和历史。

在阅读时，我们可以结合词典和注释进行学习，同时也要注重理解整个背景故事和背后的文化内涵。

其次，观看英语电影和纪录片也是学习英语人文知识的好方法。

通过观看电影，我们不仅可以提高听力和口语能力，还能够感受当地的生活方式和价值观。

此外，互动交流也是学习英语人文知识的重要途径。

通过与英语国家的朋友或者参加英语学习社群进行交流，我们可以了解当地的风土人情，并从中学习当地的文化礼仪和语言表达方式。

除了以上提到的方法外，利用互联网资源也是学习英语人文知识的重要途径。

现在，许多英语学习网站和应用提供了丰富的英语人文知识学习资料。

我们可以通过观看视频、听英语广播、参加在线课程等方式来学习英语人文知识。

此外，一些知名的英语学习网站和社交平台也提供了学习英语人文知识的交流平台，我们可以在这些平台上与其他学习者进行讨论和交流，相互分享学习经验和学习资源。

总之，学习英语人文知识对于提升英语学习者的语言能力和文化素养至关重要。

通过学习英语人文知识，我们不仅可以拓宽视野，增加知识储备，还可以提高我们的文化素养和跨文化交际能力。

英语专八人文知识总结

黑死病（the Black Death）是指由鼠疫蚤传播的致命的淋巴腺鼠疫是流，行疾病，在14世纪传播了到欧洲。

1348年夏天横扫全英国。

英国的人口在14世纪末从400万锐减至200万。

《大宪章》（Great Charter）是约翰国王（King John）1215年在封建贵族压力下签定的，总共63条，其中最重要的内容是：(1) 未经大议会同意，不得征税；(2) 只有根据国家有关法律才能逮捕、监禁自由人以及剥夺他们的财产；(3) 教会应享受其所有权利且有选举自由；(4) 伦敦和其它城镇应保留其古时的权力和特权；(5) 全国要使用统一的重量和长度度量衡。

大议会（The Great Council）是当今英国议会（BritishParliament）的原型。

1265年，西门德孟福尔召开大议会，各县有两名骑士，各镇有两名市民参加。

大议会发展到后来演变成议会，分为上议院（House of Lords）和下议院（House of Commons）。

其作用是咨询而非决定；也没有选举和政党。

著名的诺曼底征服（The Norman Conquest）发生在1066年。

诺曼底公爵威廉发动了这场战争。

他是前诺曼底公爵罗伯特一世的私生子，也是独生子。

1066年1月，英王爱德华去世，9月，威廉借口爱德华生前曾许其继承英国王位，遂纠集诺曼底贵族和法国各地骑士，在罗马教皇的支持下，率军渡过海峡，在英格兰南部佩文西登陆，入侵英国。

哈斯丁一役，威廉大败英军，不久攻占伦敦，于12月自立为英王，称威廉一世（WilliamⅠ）。

诺曼底征服对于英国历史发展的影响可谓深远。

威廉建立的、他的后继人所保持的强大中央政府，由于这个政府所掌管的军事力量，英国从未再遭侵略。

相反，它还不断地在海外进行军事行动。

文化方面，英国当时现有的文化与诺曼-法国文化得到了水乳交融；大量的新词进入英语，使得英国语言得到了长足发展。

同时英国的教会与罗马教会的联系变得更为密切。

英语八级人文知识100题

1 What country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf？A United States of AmericaB United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandC New ZealandD Canada2 The national anthem国歌of Canada is ____A Canada The BeautifulB O CanadaC God Defend CanadaD Advance Canada Fair3 The capital city of Canada is ____A MontrealB TorontoC AlbertD Ottawa4 According to the Official Language of Act of Canada，there are two official language in this country：they are____A English and SpanishB English and PortugueseC English and FrenchD English and Celtic5 Canada is a world ____producer of nickel镍，zinc锌，and asbestos 石棉……A primaryB secondC thirdD fourth6 The highest peak山峰in Canada is ____，which is the Yukon Territory of northwest Canada.A Mount LawrenceB Mount SuperiorC Mount Logan洛根峰6050米D Mount Huron7 St. Lawrence and River Columbia are shared by both ____A America and MexicoB America and CanadaC America and CubaD America and Brazil8 Apart from Paris，France，Montreal is regarded as the largest____city in the world，known as “Paris the Second”.A Spanish-speakingB Portuguese-speakingC German-speakingD French-speaking9 ____，the third largest city in Canada，is well known as Ice-Free Harbor.A Montreal second largestB Quebec魁北克;largest provinceC Toronto largesrD Vancouver温哥华10 Canada is the world‘s ____country in terms of land area.A largestB second largestC third largestD fourth largest11. ____is the core of the English Government.A the Sovereign 君主B the House of Lords上议院C the House of CommonsD the Cabinet内阁12. Melbourne is located ____A in CanadaB in New ZealandC in IrelandD in Australia13. ____forced Nixon to resign in 1973.A The Watergate Scandal 水门事件B The Iran-Gate ScandalC The Un-American Activities CommitteeD The New Right14. The young people in the post-WWI era are referred to a s “_____”A the Boom GenerationB the Lost GenerationC the YuppiesD the Cowboys15. ____was greatly influenced by Chinese and Japanese poetry.A Ezra Pound艾兹拉·庞德B WaltWhitmanC Robert Frost 罗伯特D Edgar Allan Poe艾伦.坡16. Which of the following novels was NOT written by Charles Dickens?A David Copperfield 大卫-科波菲尔B The Pickwick Papers皮科维克传C Oliver Twist 雾都孤儿D Women in Love 恋爱中的女人—劳伦斯17. A myth is a ____ tale originally with religious significance that explains the actions of gods or heroes, the causes of natural phenomena or both.A non-fictionalB fictional虚构C gothic 哥特式，野蛮的D poetic18. The force of a/an ____ act is identical with the speak er’s intention.A illocutionary 语内表现行为的B locutionary非语内表现行为C perlocutionary 言语表达效果D prelocutionary19.Saussure distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker as ____A paroleB languageC systemD langue （与parole“言语”相对）20. The noun “tear” and the verb “tear” are ____A homophonesB homographsC complete homonymsD allophones21 Which poem is not written by Freneau弗伦诺?A The British Prison ShipB The Wild Honey SuckleC The Indian Burying GroundD The Flood of Years似水流年布莱恩特22Thomas Jefferson’s attitude ,that is , a firm belief in progress, and the pursuit of happiness, is typical of the period we now call _____.A Age of EvolutionB Age of Reason理性时代C Age of RomanticismD Age of Regionalism23 Which of the following is NOT one part of the Leather Stocking Tales by Cooper?A The SpyB The Pathfinder探险者C The Pioneers 拓荒者D The Deerslayer杀鹿者24 Which statement about Thoreau梭罗is NOT right?A He was a lover of nature.B He was particular kind of romantic.C He was polemicist辩论家.D He was a thorough transcendentalist先验论者.梭罗崇尚自然生活简单，与世无争，不入尘嚣25 Which of the following has been called “the manifesto宣言of American Transcendentalism先验论” ?A Divinity School AddressB Self-relianceC NatureD The American Scholar26 As a philosophical and literary movement, _____ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.A sentimentalism感情主义B transcendentalism 超验主义C modernismD rationalism理想主义27 The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as _____.A the Modern PeriodB the Realistic PeriodC the Romantic PeriodD the Naturalist Period28 All the following are the works by Nathaniel Hawthorne EXCEPT_____.A The Marble Faun玉石雕像卷B Typee泰比Herman Melville（BILLY BUDD比利·巴德）C The Scarlet Letter 红字D Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔29 Which of the following is not a work of Emily Dickson’s?A I Heard a Fly Buzz when I Died.B The Raven大乌鸦C This is My Letter to the World.D I Like to See it Lap the Miles.30 Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ____.A the strict poetic formB the free and natural rhythmC the easy flow of feelingsD the simple and conversational language惠特曼的诗自由、清新、琅琅上口、易于理解，但并不是按照严格的格律来写31 How many members are there in the House of Commons下议院?A 650B 524C 72D 65132 Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British PrimeMinister?A Margaret ThatcherB Winston ChurchillC Horatio NelsonD John Major33 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A Prime MinisterB Member of ParliamentC Lord of appealD Speaker of the House在英国，按照传统，多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相，首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。

英语专业八级考试人文知识点

英语专业八级考试人文知识点(1)__1__ Who was the first to apply the telescope to the study of the skies?A KeplerB CopernicusC GalileoD Newton__2__ Whose discovery of the law of the universal gravitation is the most important of all his achievement in ph ysics?A KeplerB Issac NewtonC GalileoD Copernicus__3__The three biggest newspapers are of the following except ___.A New York TimesB Washington PostC Los Angeles TimesD Reader’s Digest__4__Metropolitan Museum is in__.A Washington D.C.B BostonC New YorkD Philadelphia__5__The New Frontier was put forward by __.A KennedyB JohnsonC NixonD Benjamin Franklin__6__Who resigned because of Watergate Scandal, the first president to do so in American history?A KennedyB JohnsonC Richard NixonD Truman__7__Empire State Building is in___.A ChicagoB New YorkC Washington D.C.D Detroit__8__ “Knowledge is power.” Was said by__.A Francis BaconB ShakespeareC Thomas HobbesD John Locke__9__Which of the following philosophers believed that man is selfish by nature?A John LockeB DescartesC Pierre GassendiD Thomas Hobbes__10__Jazz, a great contribution to the world popular music, was originated from the music of __.A IndiansB SpanishC NegroesD Portuguese答案解析：1选C。

英语专八人文知识汇总

美国概况练习题：1 _____is the largest city and the chief port of the United States.A Washington D.C.B Los AngelesC San FranciscoD New York City2 _____ enjoys the worst social and economic conditions.A BlacksB HispanicsC IndiansD Asian Americans3 Washington D.C. is named after___________.A the U.S. President George WashingtonB Christopher ColumbusC both George Washington and Christopher ColumbusD none of them4 American and British English are two_____ of the English language.A varietiesB elementsC partsD form5 The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was______.A Thomas JeffersonB James MonroeC James MadisonD Abraham Lincoln6 Of the fifty states, the smallest state in area is_____.A Rhode IslandB VirginiaC TexasD Montana7 The national flag of the United States is known as_____.A the Star-Spangled BannerB Uncle SamC Hot DogD Union Jack8 The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _____.A contribution a state has made to the nationB populationC sizeD none of the above9 The tern “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _____.A the Amazon RiverB the Mississippi RiverC the Nile RiverD the Hudson River10 The statue of liberty was given to American people by_____ as a gift in 1884.A FranceB SpainC ItalyD Britain练习题答案及题解:1 D, 纽约是美国最大的城市同时也是最重要的经济中心和最主要的港口。

英语专八人文知识汇总-

o GeographyGreat Britain America Canada Australia New Zealandmountain Ben Nevis(Highest mountain)Scafell(highest peak)The Pennies(mountain chain)Rocky Mountains(‘backbone‘or ‘continental divide’)The great central plainThe Appalachian mountainsMount Logan(highest peak)Mount cook(highest peak)Mount ruapehu(highest hill innorth island)river Severn River(longest)Thames River(most important) the Mississippi river(‘fatherof waters,’ old man river’)Ohio river(‘American Ruhr’)St. Lawrence(most important)the Mackenzie(longest)The Murray river(longest andBiggest)Lake Taupo(largest)lakes Lough Neigh(largest)Loch Lomond(largest in Scot)Windermere(largest in England)Lake Vyrnwy(largest in Wales) The great lakeslake Michigan: entirely in USothers: Superior, Huron,Erie, OntarioGreat bear lake(largest)Great slave lake(deepest)The great lakesLake Eyre(largest) The Clutha river(largest in southWaikato river and Wanganuiriver(largest in north)climate Maritime typeReasons: surrounding watersThe prevailing southeast windsThe North Atlantic Drift Northeastern: humidcontinental climateSoutheastern: humidsubtropical climateThe great plains: continentalSteppe climateIntermountain: continentalDesert climatePacific northwest: maritimeclimateMainly: temperatecontinental climateThe north: polar climateThe west: TemperateMaritime ClimateDesert or semiaridPlants: Eucalypts, wattlesAnimals: kangaroos, emus,budgerigarsFrom cool temperate to warmtemperate(January—warmest,July—coldest)Christchurch—the driest cityAuckland—the wettest cityReasons: its latitude zoneOceanic environmentMountains especially thesouthern AlpsEthnic groups First settlers: the IberiansTheEnglish(mainly) :Anglo-SaxonThe Scottish, the welsh, theIrish, the north Irish: CeltsOriginal habitant s：IndianImmigrants from all over theworld(mainly from EuropeOriginal habitant s:theEskimos or Inuit and IndiansImmigrations(mainlydescendant of Britain andFrance)First inhabitants: indigenousAustraliansImmigration(mainly fromBritain)First inhabitants: Maori(10%)Immigration: all around the world加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息1cities London(capital, largest city,largest port)Birmingham(second largest)Edinburgh(capital of Scotland)Cardiff(capital of Wales)Belfast(capital of northernIreland)Glasgow(third largest, largestcity and port in Scotland)Manchester(center of textile) Washington D.C.(capital)New York(biggest city andport,’the bigapple’, ’Gotham’,The city that never sleeps’,‘the capital of theworld’, ’theEmpire city’)Boston(美国雅典)Los Angeles（加州最大城市，second largest）Chicago（third largest city，Called’ the second city’, ’thewindy city’)San Francisco(西海岸门户)Quebec(largest province,French culture)Toronto(largest)Montreal(second)Vancouver(third)Ottawa(capital)Canberra（capital）Sydney（largest）Melbourne(second, culturalAnd sports center)States:New south wales（oldest,Largest population)Western Australia(biggestState)Tasmania(smallest state)Wellington（capital）Auckland（largest）HistoryGreat Britain America Canada Australia New ZealandIn 700BC,The Celts came into Britain 1600-1900Pre-Columbian periodThe continent was foundedBy an Italian explorer johnCabotWilliam Dampier was thefirst English man to reachAustralia and James cookfinally put it on the mapThe first Englishman to this country was captainJames Cook（55BC-410AD）In 55BC,JuliusCaesar attacked But failedIn 43AD,Claudius conquered the country without Scotland 1492,ChristopherColumbusFound the new continent1607,first colony was foundedAt Jamestown, VirginiaIn 1608,Samuel de ChamplainEstablished the habitation inQuebec cityOn January 1th,1901,thecommonwealth ofAustralia came into being,the first minister wasEdmund BartonIn 1840,the Treaty of Waitangi was signedbetween William Hobson and various Maorichiefs, which brought the country into the BritainEmpire and gave Maori the same rights（446-871）The angles, Saxons and jutes came to Britain In 1776,the colonies proclaimThe independence and theDeclaration of independenceWas draftedAfter the seven years’ war,The French were forced to givethe Canada to Britain1916,Anzac Day(澳新军团节) was Australia’s mostimportant holidayIn 1865,the capital Wallington was settled加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息2In 1066，The Norman conquest built the Feudal system in England Introduced Christianity In 1783,the treaty of PariesRecognized the USA1789,the government was setThe Quebec act of 1774 grantedthe people of QuebecRights as French Canadians1950-1966，there was aboom in economic growthunder menzies’s ruleIn 1893,New Zealand became the first country togive woman theRight to voteIn 1215,The great charter—a limitation Of the power of the king 1861-1865,the civil war andLincoln declared EmancipationProclamation, in 1865,theThirteenth Amendmentbanned slaveryIn 1867,three colonies-QuebecNew Brunswick and nova scotiajoined in a confederation by theBritish North America ActIn 1972,gough Whitlamestablished relationshipWith ChinaIn 1216,The summon of the great Council later developed into The house of lords and the House of commons US joint the world war in April1917In 1931,Canadabecame amember of the commonwealthOf nations(1337-1453)The hundred years war with France(reduced labor largely) In 1920s,America enjoyed aperiod of unbalancedprosperity-material successbut spiritual frustration orconfusionIn 1949,newfoundland becameCanada’s tenth province(1455-1485)The war of roses Lancaster-red roseYork-white roseHenry Tudor won the battle In 1920s,America experienced The great depression and franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal(1642-1651)The civil warsCharles（support from north And west)The parliament(southeast) Charles was executed in 1649 In 1660,The restorationKing Charles 2nd return from France) In 1941,japan attack the pearl Harbor and the next day USA joint the second world war‘a date which will live in infamy’加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息3加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息4In 1688,The glorious revolution William of orange and Mary passed Bill of Rights 1707 The Act of Union united England and Scotland In 1949,the north Atlantic treaty was signed-military alliance(1780-1830)The industrial revolution1950-1975,the Vietnam war, The policy of containment badly influence the country(1830-1848) The chartist movement The parliament passed The People ’s Charter 1945-1989,the cold war between America and the soviet union-the Korean war and the Cuban missile crisisPoliticsGreat BritainAmericaCanadaAustraliaNew ZealandTthe state systemConstitutional monarchyEstablished on the basis ofthree main principles:Federalism, the separation of Powers(checks and balance) and respect for the constitution(oldest in the world) and the rule of law名义上是constitutional Monarchy 实际上是 Parliamentary democracyThe head of state: Elizabeth 2th The viceroy(总督) Prime ministerFederationThe head: the queen of UK It consists of the federal parliament, six state Parliaments and governments, about 900 local governments and six state governorsA sovereign independent State, with a parliamentary Government and a Constitutional monarchy Head: queen Elizabeth 2thE executive powerUK government, prime minister is the head of government and 20 ministers make up the cabinet President is elected to a 4 year Term with only two terms The governor general is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister usually for 5-year term The cabinet The government is formed by The party that holds a majority of seats The governor general is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister usually for 5-year term The cabinet加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息5L legislative powerThe government and the two chambers of parliament The house of representatives(2-year term with 435 members)And the senate(6- year term with 100 members)J judiciaryIndependent of the above two, Britain had no written constitutions and the constitution consists of state law, the common laws and conventionsThe supreme court(created by the constitution,1chief justice And 8 associate justices) Federal courts of appeal(11) Federal district(91)Supreme court(1 chief justice and 8 puisne justice until the age of 75) Province court Native courtIt is independent of the governmentp parliamentThe supreme legislative body, it consists of the sovereign, the house of lords(temporal and spiritual) and the house of commons(651 members and election held every 5 years)The monarch, the senate(105 members until the age of 75) and The house of commons(308 members, less than 5 years)The house of representatives(150members for 3-year term) and the senate(76 members for 6-year term)Election take place every 3 yearsHas only one chamber- The house of representatives(120 members and elected for 3 yearsp partiesMain parties Conservative party Labor partyThe liberal democrats( Third largest party)The democratic party The republican partyThe liberal partyThe progressive conservative partyAustralian labor party Liberal party of Australia National party of AustraliaThe national party(center- Right conservative)The labor party(center-left Progressive)EconomyGreat BritainAmericaCanadaAustralia New ZealandPrimaryAgriculture:2% population Manage 70% land The best land is in the SoutheastProduce 1/4 of world grain and sell 1/2 of the grainProduce 50% of the corn in the world(Midwest, Iowa)One of the world ’s largest Supplier of agricultural productsMainly produce WheatNatural resources mainly export to Japan, China, the US, South Korea and NewImport raw materials and mineralsindustries Main crops: wheat, barleyFishingMining: coal Biggest producer and user ofTobacco in the worldZealandWorld largest export of wool,Second largest of meat andThird largest of wheatSecondary industries ManufacturingShipbuilding(river Tyne ,Newcastle)Engineering:8 car brandsElectronics: fourth inworldCenter of heavy industry:MidwestMainly produce motor vehicleAnd transportation equipmentBiggest producers of mineralsand metals and world’sLargest exporter of coalMajor export of uranium(铀)Crude oil and natural gasThe world’s biggestfarmWorld largest exporterofLamb, mutton, dairyproducts and woolLeader in CNG(压缩天然气Tertiary(service) industries Produce 65% wealth andEmploy 70% workforceLondon: financial center,Media, culture centerManufacturing is the mostImportant economic activityCultureGreat Britain America Canada Australia New Zealandsports Cricket(most English)Football(most popular inEngland)Tennis(origin in England)Golf(origin in Scotland)Football(24 teams, AFC, NFC)Baseball: oldest sport in USBasketball(NBA)Cricket: national sportRugby: most popular wintersportmedia BBC(founded in 1926,43Languages)TV:bbc1,bbc2,ITV,channel4Newspapers:The times(1785,Britain’soldest daily newspaper) Newspapers:The wall street journalUSA todayThe New York timesMagazinesReader’s digestBroadcasting:CBC NFBNewspapers:The Toronto starThe globe and mailLe journal de MontrealNewspapersThe AustraliaThe Sydney morning heraldThe ageThe Australia financial reviewMagazines:加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息6The observer(world’s oldest national newspaper) Periodicals: the economist SpectatorNews agencies: Reuters Press associationExcel financial Ltd. TV guideNational geographicTimeNewsweekElectronic media:CBS NBS ABC PBSFestivals: skyscraper by LouisSullivan, jazz, rock and rollMagazines:Maclean’sNews weeklyThe Australian woman’sWeeklySydney gazetteNews agencyAustraliafestivals Christmas day(biggest)Easter(spring time, womenWear new clothes, childrenGet Easter eggNew year’s day(ScottishHogmanay, important)Bonfire night(guy Fawkes)Halloween(wear strangeCloth and girls see theirfuture husband)Eisteddfod in wales(poeticTradition, in august) Christmas day(biggest)New year’s day(mummers Parade, the rose tournament) Valentine’s day(for lovers) Easter day(second important) Independent day(July 4th) Halloween(night-time children’s holiday) Thanksgiving(fourth Thursday In November)religion Christianity-Islam-Hinduism-Sikism-judaismChurch of England(ChristianChurch)Church province:CanterburyAnd YorkThe free churches: theMethodist church（largestfree church）Religious fervencyProtestants(60% population，Largest group is the Baptists,second is Methodists)Roman catholic:(more than1/4mainly in New York and Massachusetts)Judaism: small minorityEducation加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息7Great Britain America Canada Australia New ZealandEducation system Government responsible forEducationThe local educationAuthorities are responsiblefor the state schoolsCompulsory education(5-16)Two categories:The state schools(localGovernment support, 93%)The private schools(privateSectors and tuition rates) Government responsible forEducation and systemdecentralized by stateThree levels:FederalStateLocalEducation is provincialResponsibilityThe same as Britain The same as BritainPrimary education Begin at 5 in England andWalesBegin at 3 in Scotland Pre-school:Pre-kindergarten:4-5 Kindergarten:5-6Elementary education:Public schools (85%)elementarySecondary education From 11 to 16Comprehensive schools:90%Pupils without academicreferenceGrammar schools: the11-plusMust learn English, math andScienceAfter 16A-level exams(at 18)GNVQs Junior high schoolSenior high schoolPublic school supported by Local, state, federal funding Private school are mainly run by Churches加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息8University education Get funds from the centralGovernmentGet a 3-year courseThe university of OxfordThe university of CambridgeThe university ofBuckingham(only privatefunded university) Get 4-year courseFunction: teaching, research,EndowmentsHigher education began withThe founding with the foundingOf Harvard collageYale universityMIT, Stanford, BerkeleyPost –secondaryOldest university: LavalUniversity in Quebec cityfounded in 1663Largest university: universityof TorontoAuckland universityLincoln universityMassey universityUniversity of AucklandUniversity of Canterbury LiteratureBritish literature中古时期-before 15th1. Beowulf represents the highest achievement of the old English2. Caedmon is the earliest English poet3. Sir Gawain and the green knight is one of the best Middle English romance4. William Langland-piers the plowman-the great work along with the Canterbury tales5. Geoffrey Chaucer-“the father of English poetry”and “the father of English fiction”6. The Robin Hood Ballads-English folk literature文艺复兴时期-14th—17thDrama is the most distinctive achievementPoetry1. Thomas Wyatt is the first to introduce sonnet into English2. Edmund Spenser is “the poets’ poet” and poet laureateMasterpiece: the faerie queen (Spenserian stanza-eight iambic pentameter lines and a line of six iambic feet) Other works: the shepherd’s calendar epithalamionProse1. Thomas More Masterpiece-utopia2. Francis Bacon is England’s first essayist3.John Lyly-euphues(the use of euphuism夸饰文体)加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息9Drama1.Christopher Marlowe-the greatest playwright before Shakespeare and most gifted universitywriterHe first use blank verse in drama and paved the way for ShakespeareWorks: Tamburlaine the tragic history of doctor Faustus (best play) the Jew of Malta2.William Shakespeare(37 plays,154 sonnets)Four great Comedies: a midsummer night’s dream, as you like it, the merchant of Venice, twelfth nightFour great tragedies: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth3.Ben Johnson-vulpine-satirical comedy资产阶级革命和王朝复辟时期-17thLiterature of the revolution period (age of Milton) of restoration period (age of Dryden)PoetsJohn Milton (a master of blank verse)Masterpiece: paradise lost others: Samson agonist’s paradise regainedJohn Donne-the founder of the metaphysical schoolMasterpiece: a valediction: forbidding mourningProses1. John Bunyan-the pilgrim’s progressWritersJeremy Collier-a short view of the immorality and profaneness of the English stage1. John Dryden-the father of English criticismForerunner of the English classical school of literature in the 18th and poet laureate for 20 years, he also created the heroic coupletan essay of dramatic poesy(best work) all for love Absalom and acidophil the hind and the panthe r启蒙运动时期-18thThe age of enlightenment/reasonEnlightenment movement (reason, equality, science)Neoclassicism (a revival of classical standards of order, balance and harmony, john Dryden and alexander pope)SentimentalismThe graveyard school (sentimental lamentation or meditation, Thomas gray is the leading figure)Writers of Neoclassicism1.Alexander Pope-the greatest English poet of the 18th centuryBest known for his satirical verse, one of the first to introduce rationalism加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息10Works: an essay on criticism the rape of the lock essay on man2.Samuel Johnson-“grand champion in literature of that age”Works: the dictionary of the English language the lives of English poetsWriters of realistic tradition1.Daniel Defoe-the discoverer of the modern novel “father of English and European novels”Robinson Crusoe-the first English novelOther works: captain singleton colonel Jacque moll Flanders2.Jonathan Swift(an Irish master of satires)Works: a tale of a tub (established his name as a satirist) a modest proposalMasterpiece: Gull iver’s travels3.Henry Fielding-father of the English novelPlaywrights: the welsh opera pasquinNovels: Joseph Andrew-“a comic epic poem in prose “Jonathan wild the greatThe history of tom jones, a founding (masterpiece)Writers of sentimental tradition1.Samuel RichardsonWorks: Pamela, virtue rewarded (letters); Clarissa harlowe (letter) sir Richard grandsonurence SterneTristram Shandy (his most famous book) a sentimental journey3.Oliver Coldsmish(an outstanding representative of the English sentimentalist)Works: the traveler (heroic couplet) the deserted village (his best poet) the vicar of Wakefield4.Thomas GrayThe leader of the graveyard school5.Edward Young-from night thoughtsEnglish drama1.John Gay-the beggar’s opera2.Richard Brinsley SheridanWorks: the rival the school for scandal (the best English comedy since Shakespeare)浪漫主义时期-18th—19thIt began with the publication of lyrical balladsRomanticism (passion, emotion, natural beauty)Pre-romantic poets加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息111.James Thomson(the first significant poem)2.William BlakeWorks: songs of innocence songs of experience the marriage of heaven and hell3.Robert Burns-“national poet of Scotland”Works: my heart’s in the highlands a red red rose auld langsyneLake poets of the first generation1.William Wordsworth(poet laureate)Finish the lyrical ballad with Samuel Taylor ColeridgeWorks: an evening walk Lucy poems I wondered lonely as a cloud the solitary reaper2.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeMasterpiece: the rime of the ancient mariner (ballad)Others: christabelkubla khan the fall of the bastille3.Robert SoutheyWorks: Joan of arc wattyler the inch cape rock the battle of BlenheimLake poets of the second generation1.George Gordon Byron-“Byronic hero”Masterpiece: son JuanWorks: she walks in beauty when we two parted Hebrew melodies2.Percy Bysshe ShelleyMasterpiece: Prometheus unboundOthers: ode to the west wind ode to a skylark3.John Keats“Beauty is truth, truth beauty”“pure poetry”“art for art’s sake”Works: when I have a fear on melancholy on a Grecian urn to psycheProse writers1.Charles LambTales from Shakespeare essays of Elias old china2.William Hazlitt(the representative of romantic criticism) Critics: lectures on the English poets the spirit of the ageEssays: table talks the plain speaker sketches and essays3.Thomas de QuinceMasterpiece: the confession of an English opium-ente r加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息12Fictions1. Walter Scott (historical novelist)He paves the way to the realism and marked the transition from the romanticism to realismWorks: Ivanhoe (best-known novel) Waverley Marmon3.Jane Austen-the first English woman novelist Pride and prejudice sense and sensibility Emma Mansfield park persuasion Northanger abbey维多利亚时期（1836-1901）Critical realism (novel)The greatest novelist of this time is Charles DickensNaturalism-Darwin’s biological theories-Emile ZolaCritical realist novelists1.Charles DickensThe Pickwick papers Oliver twist Dumbly and son David copper field bleak house hard timesa tale of two cities-“where there is oppression, there is revolution”great expectation2.William Makepeace Thackeray Masterpiece: vanity FairOthers: the book of snobs the newcomes the Virginians3.Charlotte BronteShe is the forerunner of the feminism and the feminism literaryMasterpiece: Jane EyreOthers: Professor Shirley villette4.Emily BronteWuthering heights5.Anne BronteAgnes grey the tenant of the wild fell hall6.Mrs. Gaskell(female writer)Life of charlotte brontemary barton (masterpiece)7.George Eliot(female writer)Adam bede the mill on the floss silasmarner8.Thomas HardyRegarded as transitional writer for “regional novels”Masterpiece: Tess of D’Urbervilles加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息13Others: Jude the obscure under the greenwood tree the return of the native the mayor of caster bridgePoetry1.Alfred Tennyson(“poet of the people”)“T he big three”-Tennyson, browning, ArnoldWorks: break, break, and break in memoriam Ulysses2.Robert BrowningThe most original poet in Victorian age (contribution: dramatic monologues)Works: men and women my last duchess parting at morning meeting at night3.Matthew ArnoldDover Beach (masterpiece) on translating homer现代主义（19世纪末）Modernism (philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis, focusing on private, subjunctive, inner and individual)Novelists1.John Galsworthymasterpiece: the Forsyth saga(福尔赛世家三部曲) includes the man of property, the Indian summer of a Forsyth, in chancery, awakening, to leta modern comedy(现代戏剧三部曲) includes the white monkey, the silver spoon, swan song2.Katherine MansfieldShe is a famous woman writer of short storiesWorks: in a German pension bliss the garden party the dove’s nest something childishPlaywrights1.Oscar WildeThe picture of Dorian gray the happy prince and other tales2.Bernard ShawHe was the greatest dramatist since Shakespeare and accepted Nobel Prize in 1925Works: man and superman major Barbara heartbreak house Pygmalion3.John James OsborneMasterpiece: look back in anger4.Samuel Beckett(爱尔兰戏剧家和小说家，荒诞派戏剧的重要代表人物) Masterpiece: waiting for godotPoets1.W．B．YeatsOne of the greatest poets in the English literature and got Nobel Prize in 1923加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息14Works: sailing to Byzantium Leda and the swan the second coming2. T.S. Eliot Got Nobel prize in 1948The waste land (long poet) four quartets murder in the cathedralThe psychological fictions(心理小说)1. D.H. LawrenceSons and lovers the rainbow woman in love lady Chatterley’s lover the white peacockThe daughter of the vicar the horse dealer’s daughter2. James JoyceForerunner of “stream of consciousness”Works: Dubliners a portrait of the artist as a young man Ulysses Finnegan’s wake Araby3.Virginia Woolf advocator of the feminist movement Mrs. Dalloway to the lighthouse the waves Orlando美国文学殖民地时期和独立革命时期American puritanism (predestination, original sin, total depravity, limited atonement)Writers in colonial period1.John Smith-“the first author”A true relation of Virginia-“the first book”2.William BradfordOf Plymouth plantation3.John WinthropThe history of New EnglandWriters of puritanism1.Anne Bradstreet(female)The tenth muse lately sprung up in America contemplations the flesh and the spirit2.Jonathan EdwardsThe freedom of the will the great doctrine of original sin defended the nature of true virtueWriters in the revolution1.Benjamin FranklinPoor Richard’s almanac (many practical sayings about life)The autobiography (representative work of franklin)加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息152.Roger Williams(puritan dissenters)3.Thomas Paine-the father of American revolutionThe common sense-the greatest of the revolutionary pamphletsThe American crisis the rights of man the age of reason4.Philip Freneau-“a poet if the American Revolution” and “the father of American poetry”The rising glory of American the wild honey suckle5.Thomas JeffersonDeclaration of Independence浪漫主义时期（18世纪末-19中后期）American romanticism advocate individualism and every should fight for individual rightAnd happiness bravelyWriters of pre-romanticism1.Washington Irving-the father of American literatureThe sketch book-mark the beginning of American romanticism2.James Fennimore cooper描写西进运动开创边疆传奇小说Leather stocking tales（the pioneer, the last of Mohicans, the prairie, the pathfinder, the deep slayer）Writers in transcendentalism1. Ralph Waldo EmersonNature-the manifesto(宣言) of American transcendentalismThe American scholar2. Henry David ThoreauMasterpiece: Walden3.Nathaniel Hawthorne-first great American writer of fictionMasterpiece-the scarlet letterThe house of the seven gables twice-told tales mosses from an old manseMosses from an old manse the blithe dale romance4.Herman Melville美国浪漫主义时期成就最高的小说家，擅长写航海奇遇和异域风情Type eomoomoby dick5.Walt Whiteman-the father of free verseLeaves of grass-marked the birth of truly American poetry and praised as democratic bible and American epic6.Emily DickinsonBecause could not stop for death this is my letter to the world加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息167.Edgar Allan PoeHe is the first American professional writer and first writer of detective storyWorks: the fall of the house of usher the raven tales of the grotesque and arabesqueFireside poets1.William Cullen BryantThe Fountain to a waterfowl song of Marion’s men2.Hennery Wadsworth LongfellowHe use native themesA psalm of life voiced of the night现实主义时期（19世纪中期-20世纪初）American realism-concern for common place and the low, offering an objective viewOf human natureAmerican naturalism-evolved from realism and have ironic and pessimistic view to reality改革和废奴主义者1. Harriet Beecher Stowe (female)Uncle Tom’s cabin-“the little woman that wrote the book that made this great war”2. Frederick DouglassMy bondage and freedom现实主义作家1. William Dean Howells (champion of realism)He wrote about middle class and their lifestyleMasterpiece: The Rise of Silas LaphamOthers: Venetian life criticism and fiction a modern instance3.Henry James(描写心里活动)The portrait of a lady the American the turn of the screw乡土文学1.Mark TwainFamous for his colloquial style and localismthe adventure of huckleberry Finn the adventure of tom sawyer roughing it（first）the prince and the pauper(historical romance) 2.Bret HarteThe luck of roaring camp the outcasts of poker flat3.Hamlin Garland加微信：zdwzw001获取更多最新考研信息17。

人文英语全部复习资料

人文英语全部复习资料人文英语全部复习资料人文英语是大学英语四级考试的一部分，主要涉及英语语言的文化背景和社会人文知识。

在备考过程中，掌握一些人文英语的复习资料是非常重要的。

本文将为大家提供一些人文英语的复习资料，希望能够帮助大家更好地备考。

第一部分：文化背景知识1. 英国文化英国是一个历史悠久、文化底蕴深厚的国家。

在复习英国文化时，可以了解一些英国的历史、文学、音乐、艺术等方面的知识。

例如，可以了解莎士比亚的作品、英国皇室的历史、英国音乐家的成就等。

2. 美国文化美国是一个多元文化的国家，其文化包括了美国历史、文学、电影、音乐等方面的内容。

在复习美国文化时，可以了解一些美国的历史事件、美国文学的代表作品、好莱坞电影的发展等。

3. 中华文化中华文化是中国传统文化的总称，包括了中国的历史、文学、哲学、艺术等方面的内容。

在复习中华文化时，可以了解中国的四大发明、中国古代文学的代表作品、中国传统绘画的特点等。

第二部分：社会人文知识1. 社会问题社会问题是人文英语考试中的一个重要部分，涉及到社会的各个方面，如教育、环境、健康等。

在复习社会问题时，可以了解一些当前社会热点问题，如教育公平、环境保护、健康生活方式等。

2. 国际关系国际关系是人文英语考试中的另一个重要部分，涉及到各个国家之间的关系以及国际组织的作用。

在复习国际关系时，可以了解一些国际组织的成立和发展、国际间的合作与冲突等。

3. 科技与文化科技与文化是一个相互影响的领域，科技的发展对文化的演变有着重要的影响。

在复习科技与文化时，可以了解一些科技对文化的影响，如互联网的普及对传统媒体的冲击、科技创新对艺术表达的改变等。

第三部分：学习方法1. 多读多写人文英语考试中，阅读和写作是两个重要的能力。

通过多读一些英语材料，如英文小说、英文报纸等，可以提高阅读理解的能力。

同时，多写一些英语作文，可以提高写作的能力。

2. 多听多说听力和口语是人文英语考试中的另外两个重要部分。

人文英语知识点总结

人文英语知识点总结English is a global language spoken by millions of people around the world. It is the official language of many countries and is widely used in international communication, business, and education. Understanding the humanistic aspects of the English language can help learners appreciate its cultural significance and use it more effectively.In this article, we will explore the humanistic aspects of English, covering its history, literature, and cultural impact. We will also discuss how these aspects can enhance students' language learning experience and help them become more proficient in English.History of the English languageThe history of the English language is a complex and fascinating story that spans over a thousand years. English is a Germanic language that evolved from the dialects spoken by the Anglo-Saxons, who settled in Britain in the 5th century AD. Over the centuries, English has been influenced by other languages, including Latin, Norse, and French, resulting in the modern language we use today.Understanding the history of the English language can give students a deeper appreciation of its diversity and richness. By learning about the different influences that have shaped English, students can understand the origins of words, grammar, and pronunciation. This can help them become more proficient in English and use it more effectively in their everyday lives.Literature and cultureEnglish literature is a vast and diverse field that encompasses everything from ancient epic poems to contemporary novels and poetry. English literature has been shaped by a rich tradition of storytelling, poetry, and drama, and has produced some of the world's most famous writers, such as Shakespeare, Dickens, and Austen.Studying English literature can provide students with a deeper understanding of English culture and society. By reading classic and contemporary works, students can gain insight into the values, beliefs, and struggles of different time periods and societies. This can help students develop empathy and cultural awareness, which are essential skills for effective communication in English.Cultural impactEnglish has had a profound impact on global culture, influencing everything from music and fashion to technology and international relations. English is the language of global business, diplomacy, and entertainment, and is widely used in international communication and media. Understanding the cultural impact of English can help students appreciate its significance and use it more effectively in a global context.Studying English culture can also help students develop a more nuanced understanding of the world around them. By learning about different cultural practices, traditions, and values, students can become more open-minded and empathetic, which are essential skills for effective cross-cultural communication.The humanistic approach to language learningThe humanistic approach to language learning emphasizes the importance of cultural and personal factors in language acquisition. This approach focuses on developing students' cultural awareness, empathy, and critical thinking skills, in addition to their language proficiency. By integrating humanistic aspects into language learning, students can develop a deeper understanding of English and use it more effectively in their personal and professional lives.One way to incorporate the humanistic approach into language learning is to use literature and cultural materials in the classroom. By reading and discussing literature, students can explore different cultural perspectives and develop critical thinking skills. They can also use literature as a springboard for writing, speaking, and listening activities, which can help them improve their language skills in a meaningful context.Another way to incorporate the humanistic approach into language learning is to engage students in cultural exchange activities. For example, students can participate in language exchange programs, where they can interact with native speakers and learn about different cultural practices and traditions. These activities can help students develop empathy and cross-cultural communication skills, which are essential for effective language use.ConclusionThe humanistic aspects of the English language, including its history, literature, and cultural impact, are essential for a deeper understanding of the language. By integrating humanistic aspects into language learning, students can develop a more nuanced understanding of English and use it more effectively in their personal and professional lives. This can help students become more proficient in English and more culturally aware, which are essential skills for success in today's globalized world.。

英语人文知识竞赛参考资料

英语人文知识竞赛参考资料首届“英语人文知识竞赛”将以笔试的形式在语音室举行。

100道竞赛题目分三部分：英语国家社会文化知识、文学和语言学。

下面列举了语言学题目100道，美国部分题目108道，英国部分90道，加拿大与澳大利亚部分各10道，仅供参考。

语言学部分：第一部分1. Linguistics is the scientific study of __________.A. a particular languageB. the English languageC. human languages in generalD. the system of a particular language2. The consonant [f] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features: __________.A. voiceless, bilabial, stopB. voiceless, labiodental, fricativeC. voiced, bilabial, stopD. voiced, labiodental, fricative3. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix "ed" in the word "learned" is known as a(n) __________.A. derivational morphemeB. free morphemeC. inflectional morphemeD. free form4. In the phrase structure rule "S¡úNP VP", the arrow can be read as __________.A. is equal toB. consists ofC. hasD. generates5. "I bought some roses" __________ "I bought some flowers".A. entailsB. presupposesC. is inconsistent withD. is synonymous with6. Y's utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of __________.X: Who was that you were with last night?Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?A. qualityB. quantityC. relationD. manner7. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes, __________, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed, added, lost oraltered.A. phrasesB. sentencesC. morphemesD. utterances8. In a speech community people have something in common __________a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it.C. culturallyD. pragmatically9. Which of the major mental functions listed below is not under the control of the left hemisphere in most people? __________.A. language and speechB. visual and spatial skillsC. reading and writingD. analytic reasoning10. In general, the __________ stage begins roughly in the second half of the child's second year.A. babblingB. one-wordC. two-wordD. multiword第二部分1.The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play "Romeo and Juliet" 'A rose by any other name would smell as sweet' well illustrates _______.()A.the conventional nature of languageB.the creative nature of languageC.the universality of languageD.the big difference between human language and animal communication2.Of the following sound combinations, only _______ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English.()A.kiblB.bkilC.ilkbD.ilbk3.The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _______ formula "S¡úNP VP".()A.hierarchicalB.linearC.tree diagramD.vertical4.It is the _______ on Case assignment that states that a Case assignor and a Case recipient should stay adjacent to each other.()A.Case ConditionB.parameterC.Adjacent ConditionD.Adjacent Parameter5.Predication analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning.A.phonemeB.wordC.phraseD.sentence6.According to Searle,those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _______.()misivesB.directivesC.expressivesD.declaratives7.The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A.synchronicD.historical comparative8.The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+last name, _______,and kin term.A.title+first nameB.title+titleC.title aloneD.first name+last name+titlenguage and thought may be viewed as two independent circles overlappingin some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as "subvocal speech," and speech as "_______".()A.vocal thoughtB.subvocal thoughtC.covert thoughtD.overt thought10.Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of child languageacquisition?_______.()nguage acquisition is a process of habit formationnguage acquisition is the species-specific property of human beingsC.Children are born with an innate ability to acquire languageD.Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use第三部分1.As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___.A. prescriptiveB. sociolinguisticC. descriptiveD. psycholinguistic2.Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible.A. mouthB. lipsC. tongueD. vocal cords3.The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television" is a(n) ___.A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme4.A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word thatintroduces the embedded clause.A. coordinatorB. particleC. prepositionD. subordinator5."Can I borrow your bike?" ___ "You have a bike."A. is synonymous withB. is inconsistent withC. entailsD. presupposes6.The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the wayspeakers interpret sentences is called ___.C. sociolinguisticsD. psycholinguistics7.Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogic changes,which are ___ or generalization.A. elaborationB. simplificationC. external borrowingD. internal borrowing8.___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.A. Lingua francaB. CreoleC. PidginD. Standard language9.Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language, namely, ___ .A. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the angular gyrusB. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and cerebral cortexC. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and neuronsD. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and Exner's area10.According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and subconcious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.A. learningB. competenceC. performanceD. acquisition第四部分1.The pair of words "lend"and "borrow"are ___.()A.gradable oppositesB.relational oppositesC.co-hyponymsD.synonyms2.The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the British scholar.()A.Jacob GrimmB.Rasmus RaskC.Franz BoppD.Sir William Jones3.A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as __.()A.unusualB.something to be fearedC.abnormalD.natural4.__produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.()A.Broca's aphasicB.The linguistic deprivationC.The damage on the angular gyrusD.Wernicke's aphasic5.Some Southern learners of English in China tend to say "night" as "light".This shows:.()A.They cannot pronounce/n/D.They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds6.A word with several meanings is called __word.()A.a polysemousB.a synonymousC.an abnormalD.a multiple7.The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn't it?"is __.rmativeB.phaticC.directiveD.performative8.The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in __ and vocabulary.()ageB.grammarC.pronunciationD.structure9.__deals with the way in which a language varies through geographical space.()A.Linguistic geographyB.LexicologyC.LexicographyD.Sociolinguistics10.The semantic components of the word "gentleman" can be expressed as __.()A.+animate,+male,+human,-adultB.+animate,+male,+human,+adultC.+animate,-male,+human,-adultD.+animate,-male,+human,+adult第五部分1 One of the properties of language is that a language user can understand and produce sentences he/she has never heard before. This property of language is called ________.A. dualityB. productivityC. displacementD. arbitraryKey: B2 The ______ function refers to the fact that language can be used for establishing a favorable atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.A. phaticB. directiveC. evocativeD. performativeKey: A3 From a functional approach, the _______ meaning of a language use consists of what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.A. affectiveB. associativeC. stylisticD. collocative4 When -ing in 'gangling' is removed to get a verb 'gangle', we call this way of creating words________.A. suffixationD. acronymyKey: B5 ______ refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.A. DegradationB. SpecializationC. ElevationD. ExtensionKey: C6 As we know, every speaker has his own pet words and expressions and special way of expressing his ideas in language. This language variety of individual users is called ______.A. idiolectB. regional dialectC. temporal dialectD. social dialectKey: A7 When pitch, stress and length variations are tied to the sentence rather than to the word, they are collectively known as ________.A. intonationB. toneC. phonemeD. sentence stressKey: A8 _______ refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sound.A. Addition of soundB. Loss of soundC. MetathesisD. AssimilationKey: D9Basically, all the languages in the world can be classified in terms of language family. Vietnamese and Korean are two languages in the ______ family.A. Indo-EuropeanB. Sino-TibetanC. Hamito-SemiticD. Malayo-PolynesianKey: B10A _______ is the minimal contrastive unit in the writing system of a language.A. morphemeB. phonemeC. graphemeD. letterKey: C11 All mono-morphemic words are constituted by free morphemes, and those poly-morphemic words which consist wholly of free morphemes are called_________.A. hyponymsB. compoundsC. blendsD. allomorphsKey: B12 The requirement that the forms of two or more words of specific word classes which stand in specific syntactic relationship with one another shall also be characterized by the same paradigmatically marked category or categories is called _______.C. recursivenessD. cohesionKey: A13. The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another is called _____.A. blendingB. clippingC. acronymyD. compoundingKey: A14. The distinction of 'linguistic potential' and 'actual linguistic behavior' is proposed by _______.A. N. ChomskyB. F. de SaussureC. M. A. HallidayD. J. AustinKey: C15. The word meaning given in the dictionary is called _____ meaning.A. denotativeB. connotativeC. collectiveD. stylisticKey: A16. When we consider the variation relating to what a user is trying to do with language, we are dealing with addressee relationship-continually categorized as "______".A. tenor of discourseB. mode of discourseC. field of discourseD. idiolectKey: A17. According to words' structures, Turkish is a typical ______ language.A. isolatingB. fusionalC. analyticD. agglutinativeKey: D18. ______ refer to the fact that one type of utterance is typically followed by a special type of utterance.A. Minimal pairsB. Illocutionary actsC. Social dialectsD. Adjacency pairsKey: D19. The relation between "dead" and "alive" is labeled as ________.A. gradabilityB. complementarityC. hyponymyD. homonymyKey: B20. The words "encore" and "au pair " are loanwords from _______.A. FrenchB. German21. The distinction of langue and parole is proposed by______.a. N. ChomskyB. F. de SaussureC. M. A. HallidayD. J. AustinKey: b22Which of the following is the exception to the feature of arbitrariness of language a. native English wordsB. borrowed wordsC. echoic wordsD. one-syllable wordsKey: c23 Which of the following feature cannot be used to describe the phone [s]a. voicelessB. oralC. alveolarD. lateralKey: d24 In terms of place of articulation, the two consonants [f], [v] are ________.a. dentalB. alveolarC. palatalD. labiodentalKey: d25 In terms of manner of articulation, the sounds [p], [b], [t], [d], [k], [g] are ________.a. affricatesB. fricativesC. bilabialD. oral stopsKey: d26 Which of the following statements about allophone is NOT correcta. Allophones are different forms of the same phonemeB. Allophones of the same phoneme are in complementary distribution.C. Allophones distinguish meaning.D. Allophones are language specific.Key: c27 Which of the following words is not a free morphemea. ableB. petC. changeD. dustyKey: d28 How many morphemes are there in the word dischargeda. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5Key: b29 Which of the following words is made up of bound morphemes onlya. happinessB. television30. Language is passed on from one generation to the next by teaching and learning rather than by instinct. This property of language is called_____.a. interchangeabilityB. productivityC. cultural transmissionD. arbitrarinessKey: c31 The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet 'A rose by any other name would smell as sweet' well illustrates _______.A. the conventional nature of languageB. the creative nature of languageC. the universality of languageD. the big difference between human language and animal communicationKey: A32 Of the following sound combinations, only _______ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English.A. kiblB. bkilC. ilkbD. ilbkKey: A33 The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _______ formula "S¡úNP VP".A. hierarchicalB. linearC. tree diagramD. verticalKey: B34 It is the _______ on Case assignment that states that a Case assignor and a Case recipient should stay adjacent to each other.A. Case ConditionB. Case ParameterC. Adjacent ConditionD. Adjacent ParameterKey: C35. Predication analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning.A. phonemeB. wordC. phraseD. sentenceKey: D36. According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _______.A. commisivesB. directivesC. expressivesD. declarativesKey: A37. The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A.synchronicB. diachronic38. The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+last name, _______, and kin term.A. title+first nameB. title+titleC. title aloneD. first name+last name+titleKey: C39. Language and thought may be viewed as two independent circles overlapping in some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as "subvocal speech," and speech as "_______".A. vocal thoughtB. subvocal thoughtC. covert thoughtD. overt thoughtKey: D40.Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language acquisitionA. Language acquisition is a process of habit formation.B. Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beings.C. Children are born with an innate ability to acquire language.D. Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use.Key: A41. The words "kowtow" and "tea " are loanwords from _______.A. ChineseB. GermanC. ItalianD. SpanishKey: A42. The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronicB. diachronicC. comparativeD. historical comparativeKey: B43. The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another is called _____.A. blendingB. clippingC. acronymyD. compoundingKey: A44. According to words' structures, Latin is a typical ______ language.A. isolatingB. fusionalC. analyticD. agglutinativeKey: B45. The relation between "animal" and "lamb" is labeled as ________.A. gradabilityB. complementarityKey: C46. One of the property of language is that there is no logical connection between meaning and sounds. This property of language is called________.A. dualityB. productivityC. displacementD. arbitrarinessKey: D47. The________ function refers to the use of language to create certain feelings in the hearer.A. phaticB. directiveC. evocative。

英语专八人文知识15题(附答案)

英语专八人文知识15题（附答案）1.Which of the folowing is NOT a compound word?A. LandladyB. GreenhouseC. UpliftD. Unacceptable[题解]D derivation派生词。

2.The capital of Australia is ____A. SydneyB. MelbourneC. CanberraD. Perth[题解]C Sydney第一大城市，位于New South Wales州; Melbourne第二大城市，位于Victoria州; Canberra位于Sydney与Melbourne之间； Perth位于Australia州3.George Bernard Shaw was a(n) ____A. playwrightB. poetC. novelistD. essayist[题解]A（英）萧伯纳，爱尔兰裔，剧作家、批评家、社会评论家。

著有Man and Superman,Back to Methuselah,Saint Joan圣女贞德, Arms and the Man，Pygmalion茶花女，获得1925年诺贝尔文学奖4.The novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was witten by ____A. Henry JamesB. O. HenryC. Harriet Beecher StowerD. Mark Twain[题解]D（美）Henry James，著有Ambassadors, The Golden Bowl;（美）O. Henry，短篇小说家, 真实姓名为William Sydney Porter，著有Cabbages and Kings，The Four Million；（美）Harriet Beecher Stower，其反奴隶制小说Uncle Tom's Cabin，促进了废奴运动发展；（美）Mark Twain，真实姓名为Samuel Langhorne clemens，另著有The Adventures of Tom Sawyer5.Where is Edinburgh?A. In WalesB. In ScotlandC. In Northern IrelandD. In Ireland[题解]B Wales的首府为Cardiff, Scotland的首府Edinburgh,Northern Ireland的首府为Belfast, Ireland的首府为Dublin6.Which of the following is Not a U.S. news and cable network?A. ABCB. CNNC. CBSD. BBC[题解]D BBC, British Broadcasting Corporation,是英国广播公司。

人文英语1复习资料(全)

翻译Happy New Year! The same to you.Haven't seen you for ages, Mike. How's it going?Pretty good. Everything goes well.He made up a good excuse for staying at home.Hello, May I speak to Zhang Hua? One moment, please. I'm afraid he isn't in at the moment.Hello,can I speak to Liu Hui,please?Yes,speaking.Hello,I'm Susan.Nice to meet you.Nince to meet you,too.Here you are,Sir.Thank you very much.Hi!How are you doing?I'm doing well.Hi, Tom, how's everything with you? Hmmm, not too bad .and how are you?Hi,Liu Hui.Have you got something on your mind?Hmmm,I am a little upset.Hi,Wnag Xin,nice to meet you! Hi,Liu Hui,nice to meet you. How about going to the class together? That sounds greatHow are you feeling now?Much better.How fast were you driving?Less than 50 miles per hour.I can show you around,if you like.I can't wait.I was worried about my driving test,but I passed it.Congratulations!That's not easy.I won the first prize in today's speech contest. Congratulations!I won the first prize in today's speech contest.Congratulations! Is that Jim speaking?No. This is TomSeat belts save lives.It's true,I agree.Thank you for sharing this with me. My pleasure!The first day of June is International Children's Day.The old lady blamed Tom for breaking the window. Tomorrow will be fine,Shall we go out for a picnic?Sounds great!What color is his hair? It's dark brown.What is your major?Education.What would you usually do on Mid-Autumn Day? People will eat moon cakes and enjoy the beautiful full moon.Why did you stop my car,police officer?Your driver's license please.You just ran a red light.Would you like to come to my house for dinner Sunday night? All right! Thanks for inviting me.You won the first prize in the Physics competition. You must be joking I made several terrible mistakes.词汇与结构A student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester.A number of students are playing on the ground.Are you a member of the household? I'm her brother.As a result of his hard work,he has gained admission to the Beijing University.Bai Mei don't know Liu Hui, so Zhuang Hua introduce her to Liu Hui.Don't forget to put on your seat belt when you're driving.Even though he left school at 16,he still managed to become a great writer.He can't have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.He did not comment on my proposal about the new project.He gave no indication of being a suspect.He is going to give her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.He suggested that the drunk driver be punished.He usually suffers from headache.I am very pleased to be a member of the household .I enjoy reading books in the library.I hope our plan will be approved by the board.I saw him steal ,and afterwards he was caught by the police.I thought you might like something to read.So I have brought you some books.I would like to do the job as long as you don't force me to study.I would overcome any weakness and any fear.I'd like to know what time we can get the container when it is in the port.If it rains tomorrow, we won't go to picnic.Joan has been charged with a misdemeanor by asking lier 13-year-old son to drive, putting her child in dangerous situation.John does drink three bottles of beer just now,so he can't drive himself home now.Listen!The baby is crying in the next room.Many people live in large families .In a big families ,all the people share one household.Our classroom is more beautiful than theirs.Our classroom is much more beautiful than theirs.She also suggests that foreign students share housing with American students.Social workers should learn how to look after people.The 40-year-old driver was seriously hurt in the graffic accident. The couple was so drunk that they couldn't drive home.The gunman stood in front of the theatre and shot at the audience inside.The higher the temperature is ,the faster the liquid evaporates. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. It is the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest.The novel I bought last week is worthy of reading I think.The pace of economic growth is picking up.The passers-by were shocked to see the workers pulling the car along the street.The police asked the driver to pull over the car to have an alcohol test.The police saw him lying on the ground when they arrived.The schools informed the parents of the case immediately.The street is wide enough for five cars to go side by side.The traffic accident took place three days ago.The train is running fifty miles an hour.The train is running fifty miles an hour.There are some visitors coming to our marketing department next week.They did some social work at the weekends last year.They do some social work at the weekends.They must try to extend, the boundaries of knowledge.They must try to extend the boundaries of knowledge.They work in the same company and they are familiar with each other.This is not like him. Something must be wrong.Tom is considered to be as intelligent as the other students in class.Tom is good at playing the piano.We can't afford a bicycle, let alone a car.Well, I hope you are all coming to the party tomorrow afternoon.文档What is so special about this Social Work Center? It offers help to homeless people.Whether she wins or she loses, this is her last chance.You'd better let me drive the car because you are drunk.You'd better let me drive the car because you are drunk.You'll each have your own room.阅读理解1.In the past,American families tended to be quit large.答案：1.In the past, American families tended to be quitelarge.2.To parents who take the responsibility forchildren's expenses, the cost of living increases because allof the above.3.Children whose parents divorced alwaysfeel unsettled because they are moved between theirparents4.According to the author, the situations ofAmerican families in the future may get better.5.The titleof the article might be American Families.2.Ten workers in China pushed their boss's car three mileshome after an office party.1.10workers in China pushedtheir boss's car home in 45 minutes.2.Drink-driving waslisted as a dangerous offence in China in 2014.3.Thosewho break the law may be put in jail.4.People pushing thecar along the road would not be classed as drink-drivingbecause the car engine was not running.5.We can inferfrom the passage that drink-driving is against the law.3.I used to think education was the most important thing inmy life.1.From the passage, we know that the authorrealizes that it’s more important to……2.By saying that sheis a junior student' in her college,the author means thatshe is a student in her third year in college.3.The authorthinks the awards she has received don't necessarilyreflect her real self.4.The author fears that she will be ofno use to society, mainly because she does not know howto communicate with others.5.Which of the followingstatements is NOT true. She wants to get some shelterfrom the real world.4.Hi,I am Zhao Xin from Beijing.1.Zhao Xin is studying in theOpen University now.F 2.His major is marketing.F3.He islooking after the elderly at a nursing home nowadays.F4.He wants to change the world and make it better.T5.Heis proud of being a scoial worker.T5.Domestic abuse happens when one person in a closerelationship.1.In a close relationship or a marriage,if oneperson tries to control another,domestic abuse mayhappen.T 2.If the abusive behavior comes from ateenager,sometimes it is acceptable.F3.Domestic abuseusually includes physical violence,verbal violence andemotional abuse.T4.Besides the purpose of gaining andmaintaining total control over someone,domestic abusemay be used for some other purposes.F 5.Domestic abusemay happen among the groups of the male and the rich.T 6.We are pleased to announce that the winner of this year'sTeaching Award goes to Dr.Marie Dagenais.1.Marie is thewinner of this year's Teaching Award.T 2.Marie graduatedfrom Yale University in 1983.F3.Marie graduated fromYale University in 1983.F 3.Marie was appointed toProfessor in 2006.T 4.Marie was the President ofAmerican Association of Distance Education during2009-2011.F5.Marie has done a great contribution toAmerican distance education.T7.Many people live in large families.1.In an extendedfamily,people live in different houses.F 2.An extended family includes at least three generations.T 3.In an extended family,the grandparents will not look after the grand children because they are busy working,too.F4.Extended families can be found all over the world.T5.Children can live happily with their parents andgrandparents.T8.One study in the United States found that thirty-eightpercent of foreign students said they had no close American friends.1.A study showed that 38% foreign students had many close American friends.F 2.Universities have been working on improving the relationships between foreign and American students.T 3.Ms.Gareis thinks taking part in some acitivities is a good way to improve the relationship.T4.Ms.Gareis says the acivities shouldn't be held repeatedly throughout the term.F5.Making friends when they begin school is helpful for thestudents to create long lasting friendships.T9.Joan has been charged with a misdemeanor by asking her13-year-old son to drive.1.Joan has been charged with driving after drinking.F2.Mike was 35 years old.F 3.Joan and Donald were both too drunk to drive.T3.It was the first time for Mike to drive.T 5.The police stopped Mike in the middle of the street.F10.LOS ANGELES,July 20(Xinhua)-A masked gunman releasedtear gas and opened fire into a crowded movie theater.1.In the shooting,50 people were killed and 12 people were injured.F 2.The shooter was arrested.T 3.The FBI said that the shooter was from the terror groups.F4.The moviegoers didn't realize the person would shoot atthe crowd at first.T.5.Only the police went to the mall to help.F文档。

英语专业八级人文知识

英国的起源1.The first known setters of Britain were the Iberians. 伊⽐例亚⼈2.The Celts began to arrive about 700BC and kept coming until the arrival of the Romans.凯尔特⼈3. Julius Caesar, the great roman general, invaded Britain for the first time in 55BC. For nearly 400 years, Britain was under roman occupation. 罗马统治4. In the mid-5th century a new wave of invaders, Jutes, Saxons, and Angles came to Britain, they were three Teutonic tribes.5.The Norman conquest of England is perhaps the best-known event in English history. Under William, the feudal system in England was completely established. 诺曼征服Celts， Anglo Saxon， Roman，哪个先来或者后到英国的呢？排个顺序吧。

1.The Norman Conquest happened in ____A. 55BCB.1066C.700D.9662.In the late 16th century, _____ruled England.A. Henry VB. Elizabeth I C Queen Marry D Elizabeth II3. The largest river in Ireland is ____A. the Dodder River B the Shannon RiverC the St. George RiverD the Thames River4. The American Constitution was drawn up in ____A 1787B 1790C 1783D 17895. Dickens and Thackeray, who are most famous for their novel, lived in the period of ____A Queen Elizabeth IB Henry VIIIC Charles IID Queen Victoria6. ____is written by Alan Poe.A Twice-Told TalesB The Scarlet LetterC The House of the Seven GablesD The Fall of the House of Usher7. Rip Van Winkle is written by _____A. Washington Irving B Henry David ThoreauC Ralph Waldo EmersonD James Fenimore Cooper8.____is not a vowel glideA [th]B [oi]C [ei]D [au]9. The internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed are the subjects of ____A morphologyB pragmaticsC anthropologyD psychology10.For the following conversation:A: Do you know where Xiao Wang is?B: I’m busy____is the conversation implicature.A.B is busyB.B does no know where Xiao Wang is.C.B does not want to answer A’s questions.D.B is correct顺序是：Celts--Roman--Anglo Saxon答案： BBBAD DACACVowel Glide ⼜称元⾳过渡，指的是双元⾳组成的，前⼀个⾳为纯元⾳，后⼀个⾳为短促的滑⾳。

英语人文知识

人文知识(1)美国概况1．The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is The Mississippi River.（密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界线）2．The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain. ( 最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原)3．The largest racial group in the whole population of U.S.A is Non-hispanics white. ( 非西班牙裔的白人是美国最大的种族群体)4．Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is African Americans. ( 2000年以前非裔美国人是美国最大的少数民族群体。

2000年以后，拉丁裔美国人的人数超过了非裔美国人的人数，成为美国第一大少数民族群体)5．America has the world’s oldest written constitution and political party. (美国拥有世界上最古老的宪法和政党)6．The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by World War II. (第二次世界大战的爆发帮助美国走出了经济困境)7．In the United States, primary education requires Six years. (美国的小学要花费大约六年的时间)8．Most college students in the United States are in Public institutions. (大部分美国大学生都在公立学校就读)9．The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are the United States District Courts; the United States Courts of Appeal ; the United States Supreme Court. (美国的联邦法院系统包括)10．Louisiana (which state )is not governed by the common law. (路易斯安娜州不受共同法的约束)人文知识(2)美国概况1．Of the fifty states of America, 38states now have the death penalty as punishment.（美国现有38个州惩罚罪犯采用死刑）2．The four major regions of the United Sates are Northeast, South, Midwest and West. （美国的主要四大部分不包括北部）3．The New England Region region’s culture character was shaped largely by Puritan spirit. （美国的新英格兰地区，也就是东北部地区深受清教思想的影响）4．California is the largest state in terms of size and population in America. （加利福尼亚州是美国最大的州，拥有人口也最多）5．“Hollywood” is often used as a synonym for American films .(好莱坞是美国著名的电影制造地)6．The most important and largest river in the United States of America is the Mississippi River.(美国最长的河流是密西西比河，也是美国最重要的一条河流。

人文英语2知识点总结高中

人文英语2知识点总结高中一、英美社会文化1. 英美社会结构英国社会结构分为上层、中产阶级和下层三个阶级，而美国则是上流社会、中产阶级和底层社会。

上层社会通常由贵族和大企业主组成，中产阶级是社会的骨干，底层社会则是贫苦的工人和失去工作的人群。

2. 英美社会价值观英国人以礼貌、自制和冷静自豪，他们注重礼仪和传统，守时守纪，注重教育和家庭关系。

美国人则是积极、自信和执着的，他们强调自由和个性，推崇实用主义和务实精神。

3. 英美社会风俗习惯英国人喜欢品茶、打高尔夫球和看足球比赛，美国人则热爱篮球、美式足球和棒球。

英国人喜欢谈论天气和政治，美国人则更关注商业和股票市场。

英国人喜欢浓浓的口音和讲究的服饰，而美国人更喜欢自然的发音和舒适的服装。

二、英美地理环境1. 英美自然地理环境英国位于北欧洲，是一个岛国，四面环海，气候湿润，多雨，夏季凉爽，冬季温和。

美国则是北美洲的国家，有着多样的地貌，包括平原、山地、沙漠和森林，气候由南向北逐渐变暖。

2. 英美人文地理环境英国是一个文化古国，有着悠久的历史和丰富的人文景观，如巨石阵、温莎城堡、巴斯古城等。

美国则是一个年轻的国家，有着丰富的自然资源和多样的种族文化，如大峡谷、自由女神像、黄石公园等。

三、英美文学和艺术1. 英美文学经典英国文学有着悠久的历史，包括莎士比亚、狄更斯、奥斯卡·王尔德等众多文学巨匠。

美国文学则有马克·吐温、海明威、福克纳等一大批文学巨匠，有其独特的风格和思想。

2. 英美艺术精品英国有着丰富的艺术传统和文化底蕴，如泰特博物馆、大英博物馆、牛津大学等。

美国有着现代的艺术氛围和多元的文化环境，如大都会博物馆、哥伦比亚大学、洛杉矶艺术学院等。

四、英美历史事件1. 英国历史事件英国曾是一个殖民帝国，曾经控制着世界上很多地区，包括印度、澳大利亚、加拿大、美国等，但在二战后逐渐衰落，成为一个中等国家。

2. 美国历史事件美国是一个移民国家，曾经经历了独立战争和内战，成为一个自由、平等和多元的国家，如今是世界上最强大的国家之一。