词汇部分练习题参考答案
11选10词汇题练习含答案6套
It was already midnight. At one end of the big house, on a sort of a raised platform, Major was already sitting in comfort on his bed of straw. He was twelve years old and had __1__ grown rather fat, but he was still a majestic-looking (威武的) pig, with a wise and kind appearance. Before long the other animals began to arrive and make themselves __2_ _ after their different fashions. First came the three dogs, Bluebell, Jessie, and Pincher, and then the pigs, who settled down in the straw immediately in front of the platform. The hens rested themselves beside the window. The pigeons flew up to the rafters(房梁). The sheep and cows lay down behind the pigs. The two cart-horses, Boxer and Clover, came in together, walking very slowly and setting down their vast hairy hoofs (马蹄) with great care in case there should be some small animal __3_ in the straw. Clover was a motherly horse ___4___ middle life, who had never quite got her figure back after her fourth baby. Boxer was an enormous beast, nearly eighteen hands high, and as strong as any two ordinary horses ___5____ __ together. A white stripe down his nose gave him a somewhat stupid appearance, and in fact he was not of first-rate ___6__ __, but he was ___7__ __ respected for his steadiness of character and ___8___ powers of work. After the horses came Muriel, the white goat, and Benjamin, the donkey. Benjamin was the oldest animal on the farm, and the worst ___9___ __. He seldom talked, and when he did, it was usually to make some ironical __10__ _----for instance, he would say that God had given him a tail to keep the flies off, but that he would rather have had no tail and no flies. Alone among the animals on the farm he never laughed. If asked why, he would say that he saw nothing to laugh at.2.BJGHEKCDAIWhen Minnesota Bank and Trust opened in 2008, CEO Kate Kelly was determined to make it a place people wanted to work. So she __1__ three volunteers to the employee event committee and waited to see what would happen. Soon, there was lawn bowling, miniature golf, blue-jean Fridays and a(n) __2__ _ holiday trip to Wal-mart where each worker got $ 10 to buy a Secret Santa gift.‘It is nice every once in a while to just laugh,’ Kelly said. ‘There is a(n) ___3__ _ difference in the mood here after an event. Everyone is chatting and laughing. You don’t have to spend a lot of money.’Yet the __4_ __ is significant: people want to wor k there. And that’s important, according to a report __5__ __ by the Society of Human Resources Management. If employers don’t want their best talent to slip out the door for good, they need to develop the programs aimed at keeping their employees.Some executives say they are determined to keep their best talent and to spend the time and money necessary to __6 __ that all workers have a fun, engaging workplace where they feel ___7_ _. Kelly said her bank grew from 20 employees to 33 in four years. At the same time, she’s lost just three workers since 2008. It takes 12 to 18 months of training to replace a person who leaves. So her ___8_ __ in fun makes a lot of sense.Jessica Pecoraro is a member of the Women President Organisation. Every leader in that group ‘is looking for _9__ methods other than salary to motivate people, one, so they perform and two, so they stay.’Beyond money, they look for ways to have fun. Other _10__ on investments come in all sizes of smiles and in all manner of nuttiness(疯狂) that often have little to do with the job at hand.In this section, children are introduced to botany and zoology, and to the life cycle. And the circle of life is __1__ with the seasons, and the cycle of the seasons is explained. The help of the parent or teacher is much needed in explaining the seasons to young children.Most adults know that the seasons are not determined by the earth’s rotation (自转), which __2_ causes the daily cycle of light and dark. But __3__ _ in our educational system have left many parents and teachers with a rather unclear understanding of the cycle of the seasons. Surveys show that many Americans think the earth is closer to the sun in summer than in winter. In fact, the earth is farthest away from the sun in our summer and closest in winter, though the difference in distance is of minor importance. It is the tilt (倾斜) of the earth on its axis (轴) (toward the sun in summer and away from the sun in winter) as it ___4___ around the sun that causes the seasonal __5__ __ of winter and summer. To help children understand the sea sons in North America, it will be most useful to use a physical model. Here’s a simple suggestion for one.The seasonal __6__ between the earth and the sun can be __7___ _ to a child by putting a knitting needle through a tennis ball to ‘act’ as the ea rth and its axis. On the surface of the tennis ball, the equator (赤道) should be __8___ __ at right angles to the knitting needle. The tennis ball can then be circled around a burning light bulb in a plane(平面) __9__ __ to the floor at the same height as the bulb, keeping the axis at a(n) ___10__ _tilt toward the north. As the ball circles close to the bulb, the dark and light sides of the ball will be clearly seen, and so will the differences in light intensity on different parts of the ball.4.IFGEDKhJBCRobert Cohn was once middleweight boxing champion of Princeton. Do not think that I am very much impressed by that as a boxing title, but it meant a lot to Cohn. He cared nothing for boxing, in fact he disliked it, but he learnt it __1__ __ and thoroughly to fight against the feeling of __2__ __ and shyness he had felt on being treated as a Jew (犹太人) at Princeton. There was a certain __3__ __ comfort in knowing he could knock down anybody who was looking down on him, although, being very shy and a thoroughly nice boy, he never fought except in the gym. He was Spider Kelly's star pupil. Spider Kelly taught all his young gentlemen to box like featherweights, no matter whether they weighed one hundred and five or two hundred and five pounds. But it seemed to ___4__ __ Cohn. He was really very fast. He was so good that Spider promptly overmatched him and got his nose permanently ___5___ ___. This increased Cohn's distaste for boxing, but it gave him a certain ___6____ of some strange sort, and it certainly improved his nose. In his last year at Princeton he read too much and took to wearing spectacles. I never met any one of his class who remembered him. They did not even remember that he was middleweight boxing champion.I ___7____ __ all frank and simple people, especially when their stories hold together, and I always ____8___ that perhaps Robert Cohn had never been middleweight boxing champion, and that perhaps a horse had stepped on his face, or that maybe his mother had been frightened or seen something, or that he had, maybe, ____9_ __ into something as a young child, but I finally had somebody ___10____ the story from Spider Kelly. Spider Kelly not only remembered Cohn. He had often wondered what had become of him.WikiLeaks have no connection with the online encyclopedia or related websites. It is a non-profit organization that Assange and a few others set up in late 2006 in order to leak secret information ___1__ __ by governments and other organizations. Its philosophy, roughly speaking, is that secrecy can allow governments and other powerfulorganizations to get away with __2___ that are unjust, and that they would be pressured to operate in a better way if the public knew more about what they get up to.WikiLeaks generally ___3___ __ secret information either from computer hackers or from whistle-blowers(告密者) working inside governments and companies. It does not have an official director, or indeed official employees, but Assange, a 39-year-old Australian, is seens as the ___4___ __ force behind it.The leak that made WikiLeaks front-page news came at the end of November last year, when it started ___5___ ___ more than 250,000 top secret cables sent between the US State Department (foreign ministry) and US embassies (大使) around the world. WikiLeaks passed the documents to some major European newspapers, which began publishing what they considered the most interesting parts. Ths included information and opinions from US diplomats __6____ the governments of the countries they were working in, and the opinions of ___7___ __ in some countries (expressed in conversations with US diplomats) regarding other countries’ governments.Opinion on the recent leaks is ___8__ __. While many think WikiLeaks is enhancing democracy by increasing freedom of information, there are others ----including many US government officials—who think the leaks are __9_____ and dangerous. They say secrecy is often vital in ___10____ and diplomatic relations, as well as in military operations.6.A. bredB. exhaustionC. freshD. goE. knowingF. narrativeG. readingH. strugglesI. sunkJ. usesK. disappointmentsIn fiction, as in anything else, it is hard to do anything new. It’s hard to break rules that have never been broken. It’s ha rd to find new styles, and new rhythms, and new ways of structuring a ___1____ that keeps the reader engaged, and the reading exper ience ___2____. But what’s much harder than all of this is to change, or try to change, the way people think.In her new novel, NW, Zadie Smith has a(n) ___3___. She writes about a corner of North West London, and the people who call it home. She writes, in particular, about a group of people who grew up in the same community, the ones who seem to have survived and succeeded, and the ones who seem to have ___4____. She writes, in other words, about the hopes, and ___5___, and successes, and ____k___ of a group of people who were born and ___6___ in London, but whose parents weren’t. And she does this by hardly ever talking about the colour of anyone’s skin.It was, said Smith I an interview, one of the things she did to ‘amuse’ herself. ‘I remember as a kid,’ she said, ___7___ Updike or Roth, writers I loved, but half way through the book you’d have to deal with the appearance of ‘the black man’, who would be described as ‘the black man’. That can be quite exhausting to read, so I wanted to see if I cou ld create that ___8___ the other way round.’She ___9___, for example.The rhythms of London street slang to show that what’s often more important than race in a city of migrants, and children of migrants, is culture and class. A character, we can guess from the fact that her friend calls a ‘coconut’, is black. But skin colour is mostly only mentioned when it’s white.。
英语词汇题库整理答案
大学英语（全新版）词汇练习B4—1Back Next1. The future of the company will be very _____ if they can’t devise new models of products。
A) bleakB) chillyC）drearyD) prosperous2。
_____data have been collected for the building of the project。
A) EffectiveB）SufficientC) EfficientD）Affective3。
The talks with the laborers got _____ down on the question of the pay rise。
A) boggedB) draggedC) engagedD）occupied4. The old man became bored for lack of _____.A) professionB）occupationC）positionD) career5。
The endless appearances and shaking of hands are an evitable part of an election _____。
A）battleB）thrustC）siegeD）campaign6。
After a three-day _____ by the policemen, the terrorists who had seized the restaurant had to give in。
A）siegeB) assaultC）attackD）offence7。
We have just installed a fan to _____ cooking smalls from the kitchen。
A）ejectB）excludeC）expelD）exile8。
词汇习题100 及答案
1. The curtain have _____ because of the strong sunlight.A. fadedB. dulledC. faintedD. weakened2. We need an umbrella on the beach to give us some ______ at midday.A shedB shadeC shadowD darkness3. Business picked up in the stores during December, but ______ again after Christmas.A dropped outB dropped onC dropped uponD dropped off4. He’s suffered from cancer for many years; it is so strange that he has _____ to the present day.A deprivedB survivedC derivedD revived5. The company has the ______ right to print Mr. Dare’s books.A virtualB exclusiveC overallD flexible6. Since the matter was extremely ______, we dealt with it immediately.A toughB tenseC urgentD instant7. Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still ______.A bareB vacantC blankD hollow8. It took the man several months to ______ the wide horse.A tendB cultivateC tameD breed9. The ratio of the work done by the machine ______ the work done on it is called the efficiency of the machine.A againstB withC toD for10. The young man doesn’t know what to ______ at the university; he can’t make up his mind about his future.A take overB take afterC take inD take up11. Tom looked very much _____ when he was caught cheating in the exam on the spot.A encouragedB embarrassedC disappointedD excited12. It is impossible to ______ the number of people in China who have acquired an adequate knowledge of English.A estimateB judgeC checkD decide13. If you _____ your children well, you will be proud of them.A grow upB bring upC get upD take up14. I love boiled beef and potatoes; it’s my ______ meal.A fondB popularC favoriteD private15 Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as _____ sickness.A normalB ordinaryC averageD regular16. I know you think I’m talking nonsense, but _____ you will realize I am right.A at one timeB in timeC at timesD on time17. Here are comments about the behavior that people in Japan usually expect on various _____.A occasionsB casesC timesD circumstances18. We didn’t catch the train on _____ of the traffic jam.A basisB chargeC accountD behalf19. The flight was postponed because of technical problems and was finally cancelled last week when a ______was discovered.A defectB defeatC defenderD defence20. The government is to send a delegation to _____ the matter.A look intoB look forward toC look downD look in21. They don’t want to be told that certain jobs or offices are _____ to them just because they are woman.A openedB openC closedD close22. ______ a fire, hotel guests will be asked to remain calm.A As a result ofB In the event ofC In the honor ofD By means of23. The price of beer _____ from 50 cents to $4 per liter during the summer season.A alteredB separatedC rangedD differed24. The manager asked if it was possible for him to ______ the investment plan within a week.A work outB put outC make outD set out25. I’m very sorry to have ______ you with so many questions on such an occasion.A interferedB impressedC offendedD bothered26. From the passage we can _____ that this kind of disease can be cured.A insultB inspireC refuseD infer27. It is believed that ______ spending will certainly lead to the bankrupt.A naturalB mysteriousC publicD excessive28. The team ______ twenty young people who were carefully chose for the work.A faces up toB get acrossC gives rise toD consists of29. I can _____ some noise while I’m studying, but I can’t stand loud noise.A come up withB catch up withC put up withD keep up with30. According to the ______ of the contract, employees must give six months’ notice if they intend to leave.A lawsB rulesC termsD details31. I don’t believe that ridiculous scheme is ______ of our serious consideration.A worthlessB worthwhileC worthyD worth32. This article ______ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning.A calls ofB calls upC calls inD calls for33. Our family can’t afford to buy a piano, ______ the piano lessons.A let aloneB let inC let onD let off34. When she was busy tiding the room, her little kid is always _____.A under wayB on the wayC in the wayD by the way35. His failure to pay the debts ______ the suspicion that he was not to be trusted.A concernsB confessesC confusesD confirms36. What was their _____ to the proposal that a dam be built at the foot of the mountain.A. remark B reaction C comment D opinion37. If a scene is likely to be offensive to the average person, then you may shorten or ______ that scene.A decreaseB deleteC repayD darken38. I had a terrible dream last night. I dreamed that I was running after something I wanted, but it was always beyond my _______.A reachB excessC controlD favor39. It is not that I mean to find _____ with you, but that you’ve really made a serious mistake.A weaknessB mistakeC errorD fault40. So _______ is the weather in England that by lunchtime there could be thunder and lighting.A variousB variesC variableD variation41. “ Sorry , there are no tickets _____ for tomorrow’s performance. ” the ticket officer said.A preferableB considerableC favorableD available42. A lot of people were ready to work long hours because high unemployment meant that they could easily be ______.A separatedB appointedC transferredD replaced43. Researchers are discovering that music can help healing sorrows in a ______of ways.A varietyB wonderC typeD thousand44. Did you notice the _______on the man’s face when he heard that Kino had found the pearl of the world.A appearanceB expressionC descriptionD outlook45. Those who support the nature side of the conflict believe that our ____ and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.A . personalities B. characteristics C. abilities D. qualifications46. The pupils are told that they can ______ success if they work really hard.A getB achieveC gainD acquire47. Last night, the electric lamps went out so we had to _____ candles to light the room.A lead toB contribute toC amount toD resort to48. He knows nothing about the car accident; it happened ______ to his arrival.A cautiousB curiousC previousD conscious49. You did not say that you were present, but words ______ that you were.A appliedB impliedC repliedD complied50. Internet marketing activities have _____ strategies to pull customers into sites.A figured outB let aloneC approved ofD focused on51. He’s something bad-tempered, but he’s a good fellow _____ .A in heartB out of heartC at heartD by heart52. People were not satisfied with the airport because the plane arrived one hour behind _____.A timeB planC dateD schedule53. The government completed the programs _____ great expense.A inB atC ofD with54. A written word is a sign of a certain sound and that sound is _____ the sign of an idea.A in turnB in detailC in caseD in particular55. After years of hard work, researchers have discovered a new ____ to cancer treatment.A approachB methodC channelD route56. The actual cost of the building was much higher than our original _____.A considerationB judgementC estimateD decision57. When we think of communication, we ______ think of using words, talking face to face, writing messages and so on.A shortlyB namelyC vainlyD normally58. Let’s ______ the minor issues for the time being and concentrate on the important ones.A neglectB ignoreC finishD eliminate59. He can always _____ excellent proposal to help the company make profit.A come up withB come uponC come up toD come out60. If these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which ____ learners to practice these skills independently.A enableB stimulateC advocateD repeat61. Mobile phones have proved to ______ with flight instruments and have a negative effect on flight safety.A interfereB disturbC interruptD trouble62. In fact, the desire to improve one’s material life is an absolutely necessary key to _____ and social development.A economicalB economyC economicD economics63. ______ great efforts, we failed too carry out the plan through.A In spite ofB Now thatC WithD But for64. The student obviously had no _____ of doing any work that day, although it was only a week before the CET-4.A willingnessB ambitionC desireD intention65. With the gradual improvement of transportation and communication, farmers have now had easier _____ to cities and towns.A accessB reachC contactD touch66. We are lucky enough to have ______ supplies to last through the winner.A ancientB efficientC sufficientD proficient67. ______ the immediate danger of war, there will be an extraordinary meeting of Parliament.A Thanks toB Owning toC As toD Resort to68. There are no specific rules concerning eye behavior except that it is considered rude to ______ especially at strangers.A stareB lookC glanceD glimpse69. Yesterday I met an old friend of mine _____, which was really a pleasant surprise.A by means ofB by the wayC by chanceD by and large70. Low pay and poor housing conditions cause great ______ among the intellectuals in the city.A disapprovalB disgraceC distrustD dissatisfaction71. A survey released last week has suggested that air pollution poses a threat to the continued _____ of the race species.A existenceB presenceC absenceD reference72. I must _____ to you that my delay in answering your letter is due mainly to laziness.A regretB apologizeC confessD complain73. The Great Wall is a great tourist ______ drawing millions of visitors every year.A attentionB attractionC appointmentD arrangement74. “You will have an accident unless you slow down,” his wife ______ him, but he did not listen.A warnedB blamedC informedD relieved75. We were deeply impressed by their important _____ to the success of the project.A. work B .determination C .improvement D. contribution.76. Using cable internet services for the first time can be a breathtaking experience. Images and text______ before your eyes instantly.A flashB flameC fleshD fresh77. George had difficulty swimming across the lake, but he finally succeeded on his fourth______.A attemptB processC displayD instance78. The old man choose a card _______ from the deck(一副纸牌)。
现汉词汇真题及答案
现汉词汇真题及答案【真题练习】一、填空题1. 汉语词类划分主要是根据词的（）。
2. 语言中能够独立运用的最小单位是（）。
3. “乒乓球热”由（）个语素构成。
4. “他喜欢喝咖啡吗？”一共有（）个语素。
5. “领袖、途径、国家”的构词方式是（）。
6. 从内部结构关系来看，“米粒”属于（）式复合词。
7. 基本词汇的特点有（）、能产性和（）。
8. 词义的性质：概括性、模糊性、（）9. 词的转义主要是通过引申和（）两种方法产生的。
10. “道歉”与“赔不是”的词义区别主要在于（）色彩不同。
二、判断题1. 词不是最小的造句单位。
（）2. 现代汉语中一个字就是一个词（）。
3. 词根既可以是成词语素，也可以是不成词语素。
（）4. 汉语中最能产的合成词构词形式是派生构词。
（）5. “我骑自行车差点摔倒，幸好一把把把把住了。
”中的“把”是同音词。
（）6. 判断：词的基本义不都是常用义。
（）三、选择题1. 下列语素中，是不成词语素是（）A.椅B.钱C.山D.高2. 下列词语中，（）不是主谓结构。
A.月亮B.雪亮C.地震D.肉麻3. 下列各组词语中，属于同一个复合式合成词类型的是（）。
A．主流腾飞汇集B．年轻美好善良C．司机推广美容D．压缩指正说服4. 下列词语不属于译音词的是（）A.咖啡B.沙发C.幽默D.扑通5. 下列词语中，都是连绵词的一组是（）A. 蝴蝶吩咐芙蓉B. 尴尬烂漫沙发C. 崎岖瑟瑟仿佛D. 参差苍茫眉目6. 下列词汇中，（）不是外来词。
A．景气B.伶俐C.葡萄D.沙龙7. 下列属于互补反义义场的一组是（）A.黑—白B.高—矮C.粗—细D.动—静8. 从词义的演变结果来看，“江”的古今词义变化属于词义的（）。
A.扩大B.引申C.缩小D.转移四、简答题请说明“潺潺”、“刚刚”、“看看”三者构造方式的区别。
五、近义词辨析1. 从而进而2. 克制控制【参考答案】一、填空题1. 语法功能2. 词3. 34. 65. 联合6. 补充7. 稳固性、全民常用性8. 民族性9. 比喻10. 语体二、判断题1. ×2. ×3. √4. ×5. √6. ×三、选择题1. A2. B3. D4. D5. A6. B7. D8. A。
英语练习部分参考答案
英语练习部分参考答案一、词汇练习1. 根据题目所给的中文意思，填写正确的英文单词。
- 快乐：happiness- 环境：environment- 决定：decision- 机会：opportunity- 教育：education2. 根据上下文，选择正确的单词填空。
- I have a lot of ___ to do today. (things)- She is ___ about her upcoming exam. (nervous)- The ___ of the meeting is to discuss the new project. (purpose)- He has a ___ for painting. (talent)- They are ___ to the beach this weekend. (going)3. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。
- The ___ (run) is very fast.- She ___ (be) a teacher for ten years.- The children ___ (play) in the park when it started to rain.- They ___ (not watch) TV last night.二、语法练习1. 将下列句子变为一般疑问句，并给出肯定和否定回答。
- I am a student.- Are you a student? Yes, I am. No, I'm not.- She has finished her homework.- Has she finished her homework? Yes, she has. No, she hasn't.- They were at the party last night.- Were they at the party last night? Yes, they were. No, they weren't.2. 将下列句子变为被动语态。
高考英语词汇练习题及参考答案
3-18岁纯英式素养教化领航者：纯英式资深外教，纯英式国际领先教材，纯英式学习环境！优尼全能英语：高考英语词汇练习题及参考答案1. Motorists _____ of speeding may be banned from driving for a year.A. convictedB. arrestedC. chargedD. judged[答案] A. convicted.[注释]be convicted to 被判有...... (罪) ：He was convicted of murder. (他被法院判有谋杀罪。
)2. The reason why he adapted to the new situations quickly is that he has a _____ attitude.A. changeableB. alternateC. movableD. flexible[答案] D. flexible.[注释] flexible 敏捷的, 可变通的; We need a foreign policy that is more flexible.3. Will all those _____ the proposal raise their hands?A. in relation toB. in excess ofC. in contrast toD. in favor of[答案] D. in favor of.[注释] in favor of 赞成。
in excess of 超过。
in relation to 关系到。
in contrast to 与......相比照。
例如：1) Everyone in the class voted in favor of the party. (=All of the children voted to have a party.)2) We got $5000 in excess of the fixed sum. (我们盯定额多收入5000美元。
现代汉语词汇练习题（附答案）
文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word 版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.词汇（一）（一）一、填空题一、填空题1．词汇是语言的．词汇是语言的______________________________________________________，是，是，是__________________________________________________________________________________________的总汇。
的总汇。
的总汇。
2．词汇包括词和语两部分，其中“语”是指____________，它主要包括，它主要包括，它主要包括__________________、、____________、、____________、、____________等。
等。
等。
3．词汇学是．词汇学是____________________________________的科学，狭义的词汇学研究的科学，狭义的词汇学研究的科学，狭义的词汇学研究____________________________________、、________________________、、________________________、、________________________等；广义的词汇学还包括了等；广义的词汇学还包括了等；广义的词汇学还包括了____________________________________、、________________________、、________________________、、________________________等。
等。
4．研究语言词汇的一般理论的学科叫．研究语言词汇的一般理论的学科叫____________,____________,____________,研究词汇的起源和发展演变的学科叫研究词汇的起源和发展演变的学科叫研究词汇的起源和发展演变的学科叫____________,____________,研究某一时期词汇系统现象和特点的学科叫____________,____________,研究某一具体语言或方言的词汇现象和规律的研究某一具体语言或方言的词汇现象和规律的学科叫学科叫____________________________________。
同等学力申硕英语词汇部分选择填空50题及答案
同等学力申硕英语词汇部分选择填空50题练习一wedding as we had1.The parents of the bride____ my presence at thebeen neighbors for years.D. insisted onC. stuck toB. clung toA. Persisted in2.____ the rain, the air quality would not be so good.A. Except forB.But forC. As forD. For all3.A ______ contest is i ntended to eliminate less q ualifiedcompetitorsbefore decisive contests.D. toughC. preliminaryA. FundamentalB. deliberate4.The US biodefence research is particularly controversial because of th sheer ____ of the effort.D. attitudeA. LatitudeB. magnitudeC. gratitude5.May argue that efforts like this will ___ the line between the North a the South.D. extendA. BlurB. enforceC. separate6.A national authority is to conduct on-site i nspections of these laboratories and ____ legal penalties for violations.A. ComposeB.exposeC. imposeD.suppose7.We cannot comment on whether _____ international standards shouldbe developed under this convention.A. BindingB. windingC. decayingD. governing8.It i s n ow impossible to assess whether s uch research is o f an ___ ordefensive nature.C. aliveD. optionalA. ActiveB. offensive9.This old man lives more in the present than in the past and ____ sport in a big way.C. goes in fores up withB. ends up withA. Falls back on10.These openness measures are equally i mportant i n the _____ ofpublic health.D. landscapeA. OccasionB. contextC. conditionKEYS1-5 DBCBA 6-10 CABCB练习二1. Western food can hardly ____ these y oung athletes from China whoprefer instant noodles.A. Appeal toB. adhere toC. keep toD. adapt to2. As she is busy with her business, she come back to see her parents on ____ days.A. DesperateB. alternateC. elaborateD. ultimate3. The municipal government _____ heavy responsibilities for the urban planning and development.A. ToleratesB. enduresC. withstandsD. bears4. A well-written biography c an ___ the barriers of time and bring t hehero back to life.A. break outB. break intoC. break offD. break down5. Being ____ about food, she doesn’t eat any chicken and pork, so fish her favorite.A. CasualB. particularC. indifferentD. crazy6. There is something wrong with the computer. It won’t ___ today.A. Touch downB. settle downC. calm downD. shut down7. We can not ____ his failure in the English Examination.A. Step inB. account forC. put forwardD. see about8. The central government has been working hard to keep China’seconomy____.A. DurableB. dubiousC. dramaticD. dynamic9. Some industries, such as construction and mining, have been ____.A. Male-dominatingB. male-dominationC. male-dominatedD.male-dominant10. Failure to provide ____ explanations for h is f requent blunders, thisyoung man was fired.A. RationalB. sentimentalC. eccentricD.skepticalKEYS1-5ABDDB ; 6-10 DBDCA练习三1. Only when you have accumulated enough credits will you be ___ to apply for the degree.C. eligibleD. elegantA. ElementaryB. exceptional2.Improving the English _____ of graduate s tudents i s actually ademanding undertaking.D.deficiency D. efficiencyA. SufficiencyB. proficiency3.Many words in English have ____ new senses with the passage of time and social development.C. taken onD. turned onA. Embarked onB. concentrated on4.This college graduate tried our company a third time, ____ to be turned down again.A. ButB. onlyC. yetD.as5.If you expect too much of the students, you are sure to ____disappointed and miserable.A. Grow upB. bring upC. end upD. come up6.Beginners o f English a re ____ to make many grammatical e rrors inspeech.D.likelyA. PossibleB. probableC. subject7.During volcanic_____ , dark clouds o f smoke fill the sky, b ringingfears to local residents.C. erosionD. erectionA. EruptionB. ejection8.A mere touch at the wall of the cabin can ____ the astronauts flying about in the space ship.A. EnableB.sendC. makeD. placegames for hours _____ does great h arm to one’s9.Playing e lectroniceyesight.D. on scheduleA. On purposeB. on endC. on business10.The ____ to the biggest desert in China comprised two senior experts and seven young scholars.C. explosionD. expeditionA. ExpansionB. exploitationKEYS:1-5:CBCBC 6-10:DABBD练习四1. Learners of a foreign language are advised to try to ___ the meaning o a new word from the context.A. Carry outB. fill outC. figure outD. put out2. Yao Ming is ____ the best -known basket ball player in China, who is now the leader of China’s Basketball Association.A. So farB. by farC. far fromD. far away3. These glass wares are too ___ to survive long transportation by land.A. FaintB. feebleC. fragileD. fierce4. Moving parts of machines and motor vehicles have to be ___ regularly to reduce friction.A. lubricatedB. fabricatedC. embeddedD. dictated5. The _____ of the space shuttle that h ad exploded in the air w erescattered over a large area.A. SegmentsB. fragmentsC. elementsD.ornaments6. I can’t ____ your idea for the simple reason that I have no prejudi against the handicapped.A. Go intoB. go overC. go throughD. go for7. Studies have proved that it is not wise to try to lose weight by __breakfast.A. SkimmingB. skippingC. scrubbingD. slapping8. Some surveys have suggested that the belief that the more money wehave, the happier we are is a _____.A. MythB. religionC. statementD. fable9. High school teachers used to judge students ____ academicperformance alone.A. In favor ofB. in charge ofC. in face ofD. in terms of10. The teachers are trying to ____ all the children into society.A. InsertB. integrateC. inspectD. indicateKEYS1--5 CBCAB; 6-10 DBADB练习五1. A new task facing biological security is to prevent _____ diseases and misuse of deadly agents.A. ExcessiveB. essentialC. epidemicD. exhausted2. Effective protection of intellectual property rights can benefit from education on academic _____.A. integrityB.integrationC. intensityD. intuition3. Some countries urgently need competent people to ____ a concept of development based on modernization.A. ManipulateB. implementC.evaluateD. isolate4. The way to ___ new words varies from person to person, depending on many factors.A. ReciteB. rehearseC. memorizeD. recall5. Workers at this toy factory had to suffer from ____ living and working conditions.A. NaiveB. nastyC. nativeD. naughty6. There’s the fear that parents might clone a child to have “spare pa ___ an organ transplant is needed.A. So thatB. as ifC. in caseD. in that7. Seeing the ghost -like figure, the man fled, _____ the door behind him.A. SlammingB. skimmingC.slippingD. slicing8. The ____ and creativity of these designers manifest themselves in thifashion show.D. desirabilityC. similarityB. originalityA. Availability9.Cases of cyber-______ have been increasing as a result of the diversification of frauds tricks.C. deceptionD. interruptionA. ConceptionB. perceptionqualify f or ____ 10.If the boy goes on behaving like that, he’llpunishment.A. SheerB. sharpC. severeD. shrewdKEYS1-5CABCB 6-10 CABCC。
第四章 词汇习题与答案.doc
第四章词汇习题与答案一、填空题1、语言中最小的音义结合体是语素；按音节划分，它可以分为单音节语素，如山、水；双音节语素，如踌躇、琵琶；多音节语素，如哈尔滨、歇斯底里；按构词位置可分为不定位语素，如民、机；定位语素，如阿、初。
2、“蜘蛛”是单纯词中的双声联绵词，“蝙蝠”是非双声叠韵关系的联绵词，“从容”是叠韵联绵词。
3、由一个语素构成的词叫做单纯词，合成词是由两个或两个以上语素构成的词。
4、单纯词的特点是：不管它有多少音节，都是只有1语素。
5、双音节单纯词主要包括联绵词、叠音词、音译词三种。
6、合成词有复合式、附加式、重叠式三种构词方式，由词根加词根组成的合成词有复合式和重叠式两种形式。
二、判断题1、“中国要在2008年举行奥林匹克运动会。
”这句话里包括了18个语素。
（X） 2、“学问”和“答问”都是短语。
（X）3、现代汉语和古代汉语词的形式相同，都是双音节词占优势。
（X）4、合成词都是由两个语素构成的。
（X ）5、孩子的“子“和第一的“第”都是不定位语素。
（X）6、“爸爸”、“偏偏”、“星星”都是重叠式合成词。
（V）7、“老张”、“儿子”、“船头”中的“老”、“子”、“头”都是词缀。
（X）8、词义除包括概念意义之外，还包括语法意义、色彩意义。
（V）三、单项选择题1、语素是（C ）。
A最小的语音单位B最小的意义单位C最小的语音语意结合单位D能独立运用的最小的意义单位2、沙发和沙子两个词（C ）。
A都是单纯词B都是合成词C前者是单纯词，后者合成词D前者合成词，后者合成词3、“自来水管”、“管理”、“管你叫队长行吗”中三个“管”代表（C ）。
A—个词B两个词C三个词D只代表音节，不代表词4、下列各组词中全部是联绵词的是（ A ） oA崎岖、吩咐、阑干、苗条、B悄悄、蟋蟀、枇杷、卢布、拮据C犹豫、乌托邦、详细、伶俐、朦胧D叮当、叮咛、摩托、喽罗、吩咐45、"忐忑"一词是（B ）。
A叠加词B双声词C音译词D非双声叠韵词6、“鸳鸯”是（A ）。
第三章词汇习题及参考答案
第三章词汇习题及参考答案第一节现代汉语词汇概述（P116）练习题一、请运用“同形替代法”来鉴测哪些是语素，哪些不是语素。
语素：研、究、沙龙、汪、洋、仿佛、荒唐、荒、原、精、密、玻璃二、请区别下列语素属于哪一种：成词语素、不成词语素、定位语素、不定位语素。
成词语素：的士、琵琶、啊、过、走、最、清、从不成词语素：微、阿、者、们、晰、言定位语素：啊（语气词）、过（助词）、阿、者、们、最、从（介词）、晰不定位语素：啊（叹词）、的士、琵琶、微、过（动词）、走、清、言三、现在一种女式厚底鞋，有不同的名称：“高底鞋”、“松糕鞋”、“长高鞋”、“增高鞋”，请从文化的角度对这些名称加以解说。
“高底鞋”不叫“厚底鞋”的原因与“长高鞋”、“增高鞋”的名称来由一样，都体现了中国女性极力追求高挑的审美心理。
“松糕鞋”的名称融入了鞋的喻体，该喻体新颖独特，反映了当代社会求新求异的文化心理趋向。
四、判断下面这些词出现在什么历史时期，表现了什么样的时代特征。
“文明戏”是20世纪初指具有西方现代意识的戏剧（还有文明结婚、文明棍）。
“武工队”是指抗日战争时的敌后武装工作队，“支前”是指解放战争时期老百姓支援前线的行为，“保家卫国”是抗美援朝时期出现的词，这后三个词语都表现了当时大敌当前，人民积极备战的时代风貌。
“卫星田”指在浮夸风指导下的虚假的高产田好比放了卫星上天、“大跃进”则是1958年是的一种不顾客观实际冒进左倾的群众运动，这两个词都是20世纪50年代大跃进时期的词语，反映了当时的一种极左思潮。
“工宣队”、“关牛棚”、“插队落户”、“文攻武斗”是“文化大革命”时期的词语，表现了十年动乱期间颠倒黑白、一派混乱的时代特征。
“国格”、“小康社会”、“经济特区”、“外向型经济”、“三陪小姐”、“追车族”是改革开放以后出现的词，有些体现了把发展经济放在首要位置的时代特征，还有些则反映了改革开放过程中出现的一些不良现象。
五、同样是“狗”，中国人常常说：狗仗人势、狗急跳墙、狐朋狗友，而欧美人则对狗情有独钟，请从文化心理上加以分析。
四年级英语词汇记忆法练习题50题(答案解析)
四年级英语词汇记忆法练习题50题(答案解析)1.I saw a bee and a __ flying in the garden.A.beatB.beC.beeD.boot答案解析：C。
选项A“beat”意思是击打；选项B“be”是动词原形；选项C“bee”是蜜蜂，和题干中提到的蜜蜂同音；选项D“boot”是靴子。
题干中说看到一只蜜蜂和另一个在花园飞的东西，所以选C。
2.The boy has a pet. It's a __.A.paitB.patC.petD.pit答案解析：C。
选项A“pait”不是常见单词；选项B“pat”是轻拍；选项C“pet”是宠物，和题干中提到男孩的宠物对应；选项D“pit”是坑。
所以选C。
3.We go to the __ on Sundays.A.peaB.peekC.parkD.pork答案解析：C。
选项A“pea”是豌豆；选项B“peek”是偷看；选项C“park”是公园，和题干中提到周日去的地方对应；选项D“pork”是猪肉。
所以选C。
4.Mum is making a __.A.cakeB.cackC.cokeD.cook答案解析：A。
选项B“cack”不是常见单词；选项C“coke”是可乐；选项D“cook”是厨师或做饭。
题干中妈妈在做的东西，应该是cake（蛋糕）。
所以选A。
5.The girl has a beautiful __.A.dressB.dresC.drassD.dreese答案解析：A。
选项B、C、D 都是错误的拼写。
选项A“dress”是裙子，符合题干中女孩有漂亮的东西。
所以选A。
6.The dog is __.A.bigB.begC.bagD.pig答案解析：A。
选项B“beg”是乞讨；选项C“bag”是包；选项D“pig”是猪。
题干中描述狗的特征，big（大的）比较合适。
所以选A。
7.I like to eat __.A.pearB.pareC.peirD.pearce答案解析：A。
大学英语四级词汇练习题精选【附答案】
大学英语四级词汇练1.Even though he has lived in China for many years, Mark still can not _______ him self to the Chinese customs.A.adoptB.adjustC.adaptD.accept2.He tried to _______ with the manager for his salary.A.evaluateB.objectC.bargainD.pause3.To some _______, Mary still does not understand this unit. But she herself does not believe so.A.extendB.partC.extentD.content4.Great Britain and France will hold a _______ regarding some European economic problems.A.conferenceB.referenceC.conversionD.cooperation5.Since he often travels on business, he can _______ himself to sleeping in any place he can find.A.makeB.accustomC.forceD.let6.He has _______ much time and energy for his invention.A.containedB.proceededC.consumedD.paid7.A good teacher always tries to _______ students to ask question.A.encourageB.obeyC.recallD.spread8.If you want to see the chairman of the department, you’d better make an _______ with his secretary first.A.admissionB.agreementC.appointmentD.alphabet9.They say the new film is a(n) _______ picture so they won’t go to see it.A. internalB.oddC.interestingD.dull10.The judge _______ the murderer to twenty years in prison.A.requiredB.orderedC.indicatedD.sentenced11.This university has _______ a great deal since our last visit.A.appearedB.alteredC.approachedD.admired12.She is narrow minded and always _______ what other people have.A. jealousB.owesC.missesD.envies13.When he woke up from his dream, the frightened boy tried to _______ his mothers arm.A.grapeB.greyC.gripD.grave14.Mary has never been _______ a ship.A.abroadB.aboardC.aboveD.absorb15.The modern camera lens may be coated with more than ten _______ for each piece of its glass.A. levelsB.storiesyersD.formations16.The thief was _______ by the police at the railway station.A.carpetB.minedC.capturedD.mounted17.In fact, there is no _______ liberty in any country.A.adequateB.absoluteC.privateD.practical18.There is too much noise outside. I can not _______my attention on my work.A.connectB.flatC.fillD.concentrate19.While studying at U.C.L.A.,Mr.Wang _______ his old friend, whom he has notseen for nearly twenty years.A.encounteredB.whisperedC.swungD.maid20.The _______ production of engines in our factory has doubled this year.A.manualB.annualC.amountD.alike21.The Foreign Minister made an excellent _______ on the current international situation.mitteemandmentmission22.They _______ cattle mainly for the international market.A.carpenterB.districtC.oxD.breed23.He went to the dance last night but couldn’t find a _______ because of his strange clothes.A.pondB.saddleC.partnerD.salad24.Her father will never _______ of her going to study in the United States alone.A.proveB.agreeC.admitD.approve25.I wish I could _______ you somehow for your kindness.A.strawB.issueC.rewardD.own26.Our teacher was _______ by the funny story.A.nakedB.yieldedC.amusedD.expanded27.The young people made a new _______ to the governorA.proposalB.submergeC.tendencyD.thread28.In the film we saw last night, the hero _______ his wife to death with his sword.A.throatB.thrustC.trustD.thread29.If there is no other way to save a _______ person in a tall building on fire, firefighters may spread a net into which the person can jump.A.voltB.wrappedC.trappedD.deserted30.Since 1978, many new _______ have been developed in our university to meet the increasing demands of the students.A.disciplinesB.entrancesC.checksD.flames31.How can we finish the work in the _______ of any other helpers?A.eraB.hasteC.spareD.absence32.The wounded soldiers’ blood _______ the ground red at the front.A.diedB.dumpedC.drawedD.dyed33.There are two governments in this country. But neither of them is regarded as the _ ______ one by the otherA.panelB.legalC.purpleD.republic34.The question then ________: What are we going to do when we graduate from the university?A.raisesB.arousesC.arisesD.rises35.The _______ between the two playing periods of a football game is only a few min utes.A. internalB.reserveC.intervalD.radium36.What we need to learn is how to put theory into _______ when we begin our field work here.A.appearanceB.applicationC.accomplishD.achievement37.It is a _______ truth that man is the only animal that has the power to speak and reason.A.worthyB.virtualC.universalD.indefinite38.His speech _______ the young people to continue their study.A.glancedB.delayedC.inspiredD.created39.The ground around here is mostly _______ and not very good for farming.A.boardB.clayC.kidD.wax40.Some people say that education is the best _______ for children.A. investigationanizationC.investmentD.origin41.She likes the _______ flower instead of the natural one.A. articleB.adventureC.ancientD.artificial42.This highway runs _______ to the railway.A. identicalB.suitableC.parallelD.distribution43.The rent for this house is $ 250. But you need also pay $50 first as the _______.A.depositB.councilC.desiredD.submitted44.The rebuilding plan was _______ to the committee.A.tapedB.admittedC.desiredD.submitted45.Jack London worked very hard and finally he _______ success.A.madeB.foundC.soughtD.achieved46.It’s just _______ bite. There is nothing to worry about.A.a vesselB.a templeC.an insectD.an arbitrary47.Jack is _______ of stealing the books from the library.A.accusedB.witnessedC.strainedD.found48.Metals expand when they are heated and _______ when cooled.A. indicateB.eliminateC.conquerD.contract49.In order to _______ a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.A.requireB.inquireC.acquireD.address50.He checked carefully to _______ the possible errors in his design.A.eliminateB.exceedC.enlargeD.vibrate答案:1.C2.C3.C4.A5.B6.C7.A8.C9.D 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.D19.A 20.B 21.C 22.D 23.C 24.D 25.C 26.C 27.A 28.B 29.C 30.A 31.D 32.D 33.B 34.C 35.C 36.B 37.C 38.C 39.B 40.C 41.D 42.C 43.A 44.D 45.D 46.C 47.A 48.D 49.C 50.A。
词汇练习题目及答案
词汇练习题目及答案词汇练习第一期1. I wrote down the number so that I remember it.A. couldB. shouldC. mightD. needed2. Richard is American, john is British － they have different .A. nationsB. countriesC. nationalitiesD. lands3. She made to tell her mother the good news.A. speedB. hasteC. hurryD. urge4. －Are you ?－No, I'm serious.A. deceivingB. cheatingC. foolingD. kidding5. A of humour is a great asset for a person.A. feelingB. senseC. meaningD. judgment6. The person is liable to succeed in the challenge.B. graciousC. friendlyD. sociable7. The police showed responsibility the preservation of public order and security.A. forB. toC. inD. on8. He doesn't feel when he is left .A. alone…aloneB. lonely…lonelyC. alone…lonelyD. lonely…alone9. Take a hat with you the sun is very hot.A. in caseB. thoughC. for fearD. in that case10. A of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.A. qualityB. featureC. characteristicD. character第二期词汇练习1. They have three dogs to find a home for, not to that cat and the bird.A. referC. commentD. mention2. She likes to quarrel neighbors the little things.A. with…forB. to…aboutC. with…aboutD. about…with3. You mustn't joke him religious belief.A. with…toB. to…aboutC. about…withD. with…about4. Tom, you're not to go out tonight. It's raining heavily now.A. supposedB. oughtC. thoughtD. considered5. The village is by the hills.A. shut offB. shut inC. shut upD. shut out6. I can't him to those people; I don't think he knows them at all.A. joinB. linkC. connectD. collect7. Peter is confident winning the post as the assistant to themanaging director.A. ofB. inC. onD. to8. We described him the cleverest student in the class.A. toB. asC. withD. on9. So, , we've got to try further funding.A. in sum upB. in summaryC. summing inD. on summary10. Her words left us .A. lostB. lossC. at a lossD. losing第三期词汇练习1. He told me that the firm could not afford such large salaries.A. payingB. to payC. to have paidD. being paid2. She has travelled in countries.A. southB. northC. northernD. northwest3. The plane was then able to and it cleared the moutains by 400 feet.A. riseB. raiseC. ariseD. rouse4. He had to go because he doesn't get on well with others.A. everywhereB. anywhereC. somewhereD. nowhere5. Don't be so ; I'm not telling you what I've promised not to say.A.oddB.shockedC.strangeD.curious6. He his previous best performance in the 1000 meters.A. improvesB. improves onC. bettersD. proves7. I to interrupt a man when he's busy working.A. envyB. hateC. admireD. improve8. he was astonished what he found.A. atB. toC. forD. on9. They made no effort to hide their amusement I produceda packet of sweets from my pocket.A. whateverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whenever10. I had hoped to get $1000 for my old car but had to a lot less.A. settle downB. settle inC. settle forD. settle on第四期1. I'll meet you at the place in the forest where the paths .A. acrossB. crossC. connectingD. crossing2. Children are taught to their parents and teachers with respect.A. retreatB. considerC. regardD. treat3. It our family for a long time.A. has been belonged toB. has belonged toD. is belonged to4. Our teacher is strict us; we have to do what she says.A. inB. onC. withD. about5. The astronauts succeeded from the moon to the earth according to the plan.A. in returningB. to returnC. on returningD. to returning6. I can't be bothered him; he can't be bothered to say hello.A. withB. forC. onD. to7. The boys attempted for camping but were stopped by their parents.A. leavingB. to leavingC. to leaveD. for leaving8. We have time to catch the train.A. manyB. plenty ofC. a number ofD. the number of9. The smell of roses me our old house.A. reminds…toB. thinks…ofC. thinks…aboutD. reminds…of10. Because of weather, the school had to delay the sports meeting.A. holdingB. to holdD. to holding第五期词汇练习1. He likes bread, cake, and other foods.A. alikeB. sameC. similarD. like2. Everybody him for his fine sense of humour.A. admiresB. respectsC. fearsD. support3. They warned the boy to his way.A. repairB. correctC. debateD. mend4. We all that we not rest until we finish the work.A. stickB. stick toC. insistD. insist on5. He feels it's difficult to such a big family with five children.A. helpB. aidC. assistD. support6. She into tears when she heard the bad news.A. fellB. burstC. cameD. went7. Peter became a judge but John a fisherman.A. keptB. continuedC. remainedD. followed8. They set out in search of .A. dangerB. adventureC. ventureD. loss9. When he left university, he found it hard to choose between the offers of work that were make to him.A. variedB. variableC. variousD. varying10. You must ask if you want to leave early.A. permitB. permissionC. admissionD. argument第六期词汇练习1. Each college student must take part in the military at the beginning of the first term.A. trainB. trainerC. trainingD. trainee2. Then he smiled and told me I would receive an $100 a year!A. spareB. extraC. surplusD. more3. Why don't you your spare room to other people, and earn some money?A. hireB. fireC. useD. hire out4. Everyone had two of paper to draw on.A. sheetsB. typesC. kindsD. varieties5. He passed the examinations to become a doctor.A. requiredB. requiringC. inquiringD. inquired6. Tonight you can see the Rolling Stones .A. at concertB. in concertC. on concertD. with concert7. The boy was determined a sailor.A. not becomeB. not to becomeD. not becoming8. He shouted insults the woman who had cheated him the other day.A. inB. atC. forD. on9. She waved her hand good-bye.A. to sayB. sayingC. to sayingD. for saying10. We all insist that we until we finish the work.A. not restB. don't restC. didn't restD. haven't rest第七期词汇练习1. She always gives her children good meals so that they could study hard at school.A. deliciousB. wiseC. strange2. Ted wondered he was wanted by the police, but the went to the station yesterday.A. whyB. thatC. whenD. where3. I must ask someone of judgment than myself what to do.A. drierB. more deliciousC. more terribleD. riper4. I don't need the literature . Thank you very much all the same.A. at presentB. for presentC. on presentD. in present5. I apologized her not coming to attend meeting on time.A. for…forB. to…forC. no…forD. to…about6. Are you very disappointed losing the game?A. inB. withC. ofD. on7. He stood on the of the cliff shouting the name of his wife.A. marginC. borderD. edge8. They showed us how to a printing page.A. lay asideB. lay downC. lay offD. lay out第八期词汇练习1. Rice is the crop in most southern provinces.A. chiefB. importantC. seniorD. valuable2. We were talking sensibly until he with his foolish ideas.A. acceptedB. interruptedC. believedD. doubted3. I'd like to go with you, my hands are full.A. AlthoughB. ThoughC. As thoughD. In spite of4. This new model car is of high and is not expensive either.A. quantityB. qualityC. conditionD. character5. They are thirsty new skills so that they can be qualified thejobs in various fields to which they are strange.A. for…ofB. of…forC. for…forD. to…on6. She signed the letter , not realizing its implication.A. in faithB. in good faithC. in the faithD. on the faith7. You don't have to be angry. He wanted to know the truth.A. hardlyB. barelyC. seldomD. merely8. We were by heavy smog from seeing anything.A. forbiddenB. preventedC. controlledD. blamed9. Those sweet potatoes have been for 20 minutes.A. boilingB. boiledC. producedD. producing10. Every day she must feed the baby milk.A. withB. inC. toD. for第九期词汇练习1. he his prospects by carelessness.A. destroyedB. ruinedC. rainedD. broke2. He felt very when he went into the hospital.A. excitedB. worriedC. nervousD. anxious3. You should be ashamed having done so little work.A. ofB. inC. onD. with4. The boy threw stones at the little dog.A. fierceB. cruelC. coldD. kind5. It was so dark that I could see.A. almostB. nearlyC. hardlyD. just第十期词汇练习1. The clock is the main of his interest.A. thingB. objectC. articleD. matter2. The airport is about ten miles distant the city.A. towardB. inC. withD. form3. She up the old furniture in the shed.A. gaveB. putC. piledD. held4. I blew my against the mirror.A. steamB. airC. breathD. gas5. The track and field events are .A. as followB. as followsC. followingD. followed十一期词汇练习1. I've got into the of watching TV as soon as I get home.A. habitB. practiceC. customD. exercise2. We fail one student per year on .A. maximumB. minimumC. averageD. level3. I hardly see around here.A. nobodyB. somebodyC. anybodyD. no one4. Her performance got mixed .A. speechB. reviewC. ideasD. thoughts5. The child is really highly .A. musicB. musicalC. musicianD. museum第十二期词汇练习1. There is a limit the amount of money I can afford.A. toB. ofC. inD. for2. one old lady, the bus was empty.A. ExceptB. Except forC. BesideD. Besides3. Cheers greeted the of the Queen.A. gettingB. landingC. arrivalD. going4. She me by the wrist.A. tookB. holdC. gotD. seized5. He used to lectures in the university when he was a student.A. hiveB. listen toC. attendD. join第十三期词汇练习1. The building of the largest bridge across the river in Asiais .A. in advanceB. in progressC. in characterD. in shape2. Most of the students are making good progress but Mike seems a case.A. clearB. goodC. hopelessD. hopeful3. They suggest a report to the headmaster.A. writeB. writesC. to writeD. writing4. New soldiers have three hours of a day.A. trainB. exerciseC. practiceD. drill5. They said they liked to do on primary education.A. studyB. researchC. searchD. discussion第十四期词汇练习1. He carried on teaching well tetirement age.A. aboveB. overC. beyondD. after2. She got excellent in her exams.A. classB. gradeC. remarkD. marker3. He wants to study the mechanism of a watch.A. completeB. comfortC. complexD. comparable4. The child pressed her mose the window.A. forB. byC. againstD. toward5. I saw three old tress on the ground after the storm.A. liesB. layingC. lyingD. to lie第十五期词汇练习1. We want to live in the of Beijing.A. neighbourshipB. neighbouringC. neighbourhoodD. neighbour2. When I was a child, I used to with my friend.A. have houseB. make houseC. play houseD. work house3. The poems were printed a small hand press.A. withB. forC. onD. by4. He shouldn't risk his life .A. for no purposeB. on no purposeC. to no purposeD. in no purpose5. We provided food the hungry children.A. onB. withC. toD. for第十六期词汇练习1. His in life is to be a great pianist.A. goatB. goldC. golfD. goal2. The trained teacher managed the children with .A. artB. techniqueC. skillD. power3. We should follow the on a tin of paint.A. orderB. printC. instructionsD. instruction4. French is a , in which supreme power is held by the people, with an elected President.A. publishB. republicC. reportD. reply5. The of the system is to let each student realize his own educational .A. aim…purposeB. purpose (i)C. end…goalD. goal…end第十七期词汇练习1. When I was very young, I was terribly of school, but I soon got over it.A. frighteningB. frightenC. frightD. frightened2. No doctors could cure the patient his strange disease.A. withB. ofC. fromD. off3. I walked too much yesterday and my leg muscles are still now.A. harmingB. achingC. sufferingD. injuring4. It isn't easy to real pearls from imitation pearls.A. differB. distinguishC. decideD. elect5. She is to what people think of her.A. sensitiveB. tenderC. delicateD. sensible。
《现代汉语》第四章 词汇 练习(有答案)
第四章词汇一、填空1、____是一种语言中词和熟语的集合体，____是构成语言的建筑材料。
2、____是最小的能够独立运用的语言单位。
3、基本词具有____、____、____三个特点。
4、一般词包括____、____、____、____等。
5、熟语包括____、____、____、____等，它们的共同特点是____具有稳固性、___具有完整性。
6、语汇规范的原则包括____原则、____原则和____原则。
7、一般而言，一个____就是一个音节、一个汉字。
8、词以____作为构成材料。
9、词由单纯词向____发展，这是汉语词汇发展的一大特点。
10、多音节的单纯词主要有____、____、____、____、____五类。
11、附加式合成词可以分为____和____两种。
12、组合式合成词的构造方式主要有____、____、____、____、___五种。
13、词义具有____、____、____三个特点。
14、词义派生发展的方式有____、____、____三种。
15、多义词在具体语境中都变成了_______。
16、____是语言中的普遍现象，是语汇丰富发达的标志。
17、能构成反义关系的几个词，必须属于同一_______，属于同一上位概念的几个矛盾对立的同级_______。
18、“世外桃源”的内部结构关系是_______。
19、惯用语的实际意义都不能从字面来理解，他们用的都是_____。
20、根据前后两部分的关系，歇后语可以分为____的和____的两种。
21、谚语在表义上的突出特点是_______就是谚语的真实意义。
22、语言中最小的音义结合的单位是____，如按音节划分，可分为____、____和____；按构词功能和构词位置，可分为____、____和____。
23、“小孩儿喜欢吃吐鲁番的葡萄”中包含了____个语素____个词。
24、____是词的物质外壳，____是词的内容。
25、词义是对客观事物的____反映，它包含着人们对客观事物的认识。
英语词汇学练习参考答案
词汇学练习参考答案I. Some of the following statements are true, and others are false. Mark your answer by writing T or F in the bracket at the end of each sentences.1. T2. F3. F4. T5. F6. F7. T8. T9. F 10. F 11. T 12. F 13. T 14. F15. T 16. T 17. T 18. T 19. F 20. F 21. F 22. F 23. T 24. F 25. F 26. T27. T 28. F 29. F 30. F 31. T 32. F 33. F 34. T 35.T 36. F 37. F 38. F 39. F40. T 41. F 42. T 43. F 44. T 45. F 46. F 47. T 48. T 49. F 50. T 51. T 52. F53. F 54. T 55. F 56. T 57. T 58. F 59. F 60. T 61. T 62. T 63. F 64. T 65. T66. F 67. T 68. F 69. T 70. T 71. F 72. F 73. T 74. T 75. F 76. T 77. T 78. F79. T 80. F 81. T 82. T 83. T 84. F 85. T 86. T 87. T 88. F 89. T 90. F 91. T92. F 93. F 94. T 95. F 96. T 97. T 98. T 99. F 100. F 101. T 102. T 103. T104. T 105. F 106. T 107. T 108. T 109. F 110. F 111. F 112. T 113. T 114. T115. F 116. F 117. T 118. T 119. F 120. F 121. T 122. F 123. F 124. F 125. T126. F 127. FII. The following are multiple-choice questions. Mark your answer by circling A, B, C, or D which best completes the sentence.1. C2. B3. A4. B5. D6. B7. D8. B9. B 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. A 14. A15. B 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. D 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. B39. B 40. B 41. B 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. C 49. B 50. D51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. A 56. B 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. D 61. D 62. A63. D 64. C 65. B 66. A 67. A 68. D 69. C 70. D 71. D 72. D 73. A 74. D75. D 76. A 77. C 78. A 79. D 80. D 81. B 82. D 83. D 84. D 85. B 86. A87. B 88. C 89. C 90. A 91. B 92. C 93. B 94. A 95. C 96. D 97. D 98. B99. B 110. C 101. A 102. A 103. B 104. B 105. C 106. C 107. DIII. 连线题Section A1. J2. A3. B4. H5. E6. D7. F8. I9. G 10. CSection B1. G2. E3. H4. F5. I6. C7. B8. J9. A 10. DSection C1. D2. B3. E4. G5. A6. C7. F8. I9. J 10. HIV. 填空题Section A1. aliens2. intrinsic3. Denizens4. common5. stable6. Conversion7. polysemy8. compounding9. pejorative 10. Reference 11. arbitrary12. imperfect 13. reversative 14. French 15. lexical 16. extension/generalization 17. 1500Section B18. mositure 19. rigid 20. deserted 21. innocent 22. old-fshioned 23. loosen 24. completely 25. similarity 26. indifferent 27. fruitful 28. special 29. essential 30. depressed/sadV. Complete the following sentences by choosing phrases from the list and using them in their proper forms.Section A31. stood out against 32. approve of 33. get over with 34. looking into35. come up with 36. comply with 37. cashed in on 38. go without39. will profit by/from 40. put down toSection B41. close 42. cold 43. narrow 44. cardinal 45. burning 46. capital47. circumstantial 48. cool 49. double-minded 50. fair 51. green-eyed52. happy 53. hollow 54. open-ended 55. random 56. roundVI.1. b2. i3. c4. f5. a6. h7. e8. d9. g 10. j 11. r 12. p 13.s 14. k 15. o 16. m 17. l 18. n 19. qIX分析题（问题）1. As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly homophones, they are often employed to create puns for desired effect of, say, humor, sarcasm or ridicule. Consider the following conversation that takes place between a waitress and a customer in a restaurant: “You are not eating the fish,” the waitress said to him, “Anything wrong with it?”“Long time no sea,” the man replied.答案：Long time no see is usually said as a form of greeting between two friends when they meet after a long time of separation. Here the customer cleverly employed the structure of the idiom tohis advantage to criticize in a humorous way the bad quality of the food served at the restaurant. Long time no sea implies that the “sea food kept for a long time is not fit for eating.”（问题）2. Collocation can affect the meaning of words答案：Collocation refers to the words before or after the word in discussion, and collocative meaning consists of the associations the word acquires in its collocation. Words with the same conceptual meaning may have different meanings due to the range of words they may collocate with. In other words, collocation can affect the meanings of words. For example, “pretty”and “handsome” share the conceptual meaning of “good looking”, but are distinguished by the range of nouns they collocate with: pretty girl (boy/woman/flower) and handsome man (car/airline, etc.).（问题）3. The “pen” is mightier than the “sword”.Explain what “pen” and “sword” mean respectively using the theory of motivation.答案：(1). Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.(2). Semantic motivation, one of the four major types of motivation, explains the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of the word. (3). In this sentence, “pen” reminds one of the tool to write with, thus suggesting writing; “sword” reminds one of the weapon to fight with, thus suggesting war.（问题）4. Connotative meaning is not stable. Comment on this statement with one example.答案：(1).Connotative meaning, known as connotation, refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptual meaning. (2). Connotative meanings are not given in the dictionary, but associated with the word in actual context to particular readers or speakers. Thus they are unstable, varying considerably according to culture, historical period and the experience of the individual. (3). For example, the word “home” may remind one child of warmth, safety or love, while to another child who is often scolded or beaten at home, it may mean indifference, hatred, or even hell.（问题）5. Grammatical meaning, lexical meaning, stylistic meaning, affective meaning, connotative meaning, collocative meaning, conceptual meaning, associative meaning, denotative meaning, formal, neutral, informal, appreciative, pejorative答案：Meaning—grammatical meaning—lexical meaning—conceptual meaning(denotative meaning)—associative meaning—connotative meaning—collocative meaning—stylistic meaning(formal, neutral, informal)—affective meaning(appreciative, pejorative)（问题）6. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes.recollection, nationalist, unearthly答案：(1). Each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection (re+collection), nationalist (nation+al+ist), unearthly (un+earth+ly).(2). Of the nine morphemes, only “collect”, “nation” and “earth” are free morphemes as theycan exist by themselves.(3) All the rest re-, -ion, -al, -ist, un- and-ly are bound as none of them can stand alone aswords.（问题）7. Analyze and comment on the following.He has been sick since this fall.Tell what “sick” and “fall” mean respectively and explain why they take on those meanings in modern American English.答案：(1). ”sick” means “ill” and “fall” means “autumn” in present American English;(2). These words no longer have such meanings in presnet British English;(3). American English has revived the old meaning of “sick” and that of “fall”. This is therevival of archaic or obsolete words.（问题）8. Find blends from the following sentence and give the explanation of which types of blendings they belong to respectively.“There is a set of hi-fi in the motel. ”答案：(1). Blends: hi+fi=high+fidelity, motel=motor+hotel;(2). hi+fi: head+head, motel: head+tail.（问题）9. Explain the rhetoric use of homonyms in B’s speech. Give the two possible Chinese translations.A. “What color would you paint the sun and the wind?”B. “The sun rose and the wind blue.”答案：(1). Rose can be defined in two ways: color of rose and the past form of the verb rise.(2). Blue in two ways too: the color blue and the past form of the verb blow (in pronunciation).a). 粉红的太阳，蓝色的风。
词汇部分练习题参考答案
词汇部分练习题参考答案思考与练习一P186一、词和词汇有什么不同？词汇是一种语言里词和语的总汇。
词是能够独立使用的音义结合的最小的语言单位。
词汇是词和语的总集，单个词语不能称为词汇。
二、什么是语素？怎样确定语素？语素是语言中最小的音义结合的单位。
可以从二个方面确定语素：一、它是不能独立使用的。
如，“企业”中的“企”，它本身不能独立成词，只能与别的语素组合成词。
二，它是最小的音义结合体，“企”是“qi”这个音和“企”的意义组合体，二者互相依，不能再进一步切分。
三、什么是词，如何确定。
词是指表示一定意义并能够独立使用的最小的语言单位。
首先，能单说，能单独回答问题是词。
如，那是什么？———飞机。
飞机就是词。
其次，不能单说，但能单独充当句法成分的最小语言单位。
如，很好，“很”能充当“好”的修饰成分，是词。
三、把能单说、单用的最小语言成分提出，剩下的虽不能单说，也不是某个词的一部分的成分，也是词。
如，“你说吧”中的“吧”。
四、说明词、语素、音节、汉字的关系。
一个词可以由一个或几个语素组合而成，每个语素对应一个或几个音节，一个音节由一个汉字记录。
如，玻璃，是一个词，由一个语素构成，对应两个音节，由两个汉字记录。
企业，是一个词，由两个语素构成，对应两个音节，由两个汉字记录。
五、切词1、宗教\作为\一\种\文化，是\扭曲\的、畸形\的，与\人\的\发展\和\社会\进步\背道而驰。
但是，这\绝\不\是\说\宗教\文化\毫无价值\可\言。
恰恰\相反，由于\它\在\一定\的\时\空\范围\内\影响\了\人类\的\思想\感情\和\生活\方式，制约\了\社会\繁荣\和\历史\发展，并且\直到\现在，它\的\文化\形态\还\继续\存在，继续\发生\作用，因而\又\是\认识\和\了解\人类\历史\和\民族\文化\最\有\价值\的\社会\现象\之\一。
2、中国\文明\是\一\种\农业\文明，传统\农民\以\自耕自足\的\小农\经济\为\本，这\种\经济\基础\便\造成\中国\人\讲究\现实\利益\的\文化\心态，其\宗教\信仰\也\谋求\对\现实\的\生产\和\生存\现状\有\直接\的\救助，因而\中国\人\崇尚\多\神\信仰，甚至\对\直接\影响\其\现实\生活\的\生存\环境\产生\执著\的\崇拜。
大学英语四级考试词汇练习题及答案
大学英语四级考试词汇练习题及答案大学英语四级考试词汇练习题及答案「篇一」1.As a commander, you should not _______ the soldiers to unnecessary danger。
A.expressB.explodeC.ecploitD.expose2.This newspaper often _______ the government’s opinion, not the public opinionA.affectsB.reactsC.reflectsD.recognizes3.Although in great danger, the wounded still did not want to_______ from the front。
A.feedbackB.backwardC.withdrawD.departure4.This movie has a _______ ending. You can not imagine who will be killed finally。
A.dramaticB.originalC.considerableD.temple5.During the graduation _______, the president gave a wonderful opening speech。
A.evolutionB.signC.individualD.ceremony6.The dog _______ the rabbit but could not catch it。
A.ceasedB.chainedC.checkedD.chased7.If your letter is over weight, you must pay for the _______。
A.excessB.exceedC.checkedD.chased8.In the class the teacher asked the students to _______ their bad habits。
《英语词汇学》练习测试题集及答案
华中师范大学网络教育学院《词汇学》练习测试题及答案本科I. Decide whether the statements are true or false and write T (true) or F (false) in the correspondingbrackets. （每题一分）( ) 1. “All national character” is the most important of all the five characteristics of the basic word stock. ( ) 2. By origin, English words can be classified as “native words” and “loan words”.( ) 3. The languages (Norwegian, German, Dutch, Danish, Swedish) all belong toGermanic Family except Norwegian.( ) 4. Old English vocabulary is full of endings.( ) 5. Allomorphs are phonological variants which realize morphemes.( ) 6. Inflectional morphemes are added to the end of words to show grammatical concepts.( ) 7. The most productive means of word-formation is affixation.( ) 8. Acronyms are words of initial letters, which are pronounced letter by letter.( ) 9. Reference refers to the relationship between different languages.( ) 10. Grammatical meaning refers to the part of the word-meaning whichindicates grammatical concepts.( ) 11. In the process of “Radiation” the derived meanings of words are notdirectly related to the primary meaning.( ) 12. The diachronic approach to polysemy is to find how a word graduallyacquires its meanings in the process of development.( ) 13. When a word changes from a specific to a general meaning, it goesthrough extension of meaning.( ) 14. “meat” is an example of narrowing of meaning.( ) 15. “teacher” and “student” are converses.( ) 16. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.( ) 17. Meaning is a relatively stable element in a language compared withspelling.( ) 18. The changes of meaning are caused by both linguistic and extra-linguisticfactors.( ) 19. Extra-linguistic context refers to factors beyond language.( ) 20. Linguistic context provides clues for guessing meanings of new words.( ) 21. Idioms are phrases and short sentences the meanings of which are not easy to infer from the constituents in most cases.( ) 22. Idioms can be classified in different ways but the classification according to grammatical function is the most helpful way.( ) 23. Commonization involves proper nouns used as common words.( ) 24. In some pairs of antonyms, the marked terms cover the meaning of the unmarked.( ) 25. V ariations of idioms are the idioms whose forms are modified.( ) 26. Non-basic vocabulary includes terminology, Anglo-Saxon words, argot and neologisms.( ) 27. Aliens, semantic loans, translation-loans and denizens are all borrowings.( ) 28. The three sources of new words are creation, semantic change and borrowing.( ) 29. Modern English is considered to be an analytic language.( ) 30. The minimal free form of a language is a morpheme.( ) 31. Derivational morphemes are used to form new words.( ) 32. Compounding involves the combination of affixes and bases.( ) 33. Partial conversion is a process of using adjectives as ordinary nouns.( ) 34. Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.( ) 35. Associative meaning consists of connotative meaning, stylistic meaning,affective meaning and emotive meaning.( ) 36. Polysemy is concerned with words of more than one meaning.( ) 37. The most important source of English synonyms is shortening.( ) 38. Associated transfer involves words used in their figurative sense.( ) 39. Objective meaning shows that the subject (or agent) is the one to beaffected by the action of the verb.( ) 40. Complementaries are antonyms characterized by “mutual exclusion” and “gradability”.( ) 41. The superordinate term covers the concept of the subordinate.( ) 42. Elevation is also known as amelioration.( ) 43. “villain” is an example of degradation.( ) 44. Linguistic context refers to the words, clauses, sentences, paragraphs andeven cultural background.( ) 45. Ambiguity is often caused by inadequate context.( ) 46. Idioms are generally informal in nature.( ) 47. Structurally, idioms can never be changed.( ) 48. The four major foreign contributors to the development of Englishvocabulary are Latin, Greek, French and Scandinavian.( ) 49. Relative synonyms may differ in denotation, connotation and application.( )50. The contemporary vocabulary expansion of English is mainly by borrowing and affixation. ( ) 51. Old English refers to the language used between 100 and 450.( ) 52. “Radiation” shows that the derived meanings of a polysemant are not directly r elated to the primary meaning.( ) 53. The connection between sound and meaning is conventional and arbitrary.( ) 54. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.( ) 55. Content words are numerous and more frequently used than functional words on average.( ) 56. Extra-linguistic context refers to the physical situation or culturalbackground.( ) 57. During the Middle English period, Celtic, Latin and English existed side byside.( ) 58. Inadequate context is often the cause of ambiguity.( ) 59. Compounding is the process of creating new words by combining affixes and bases.( )60. In some pairs of antonyms, one term may cover the meaning of the other word.( )61. In a natural language, most words are non-motivated.( )62. Inflectional affixes are grammatical markers.( )63. Concept and sense mean the same and thus are interchangeable.( )64. A form to which an affix of any kind can be added is called a stem.( )65. Contradictory terms are non-gradable.( )66. Acronyms are words of initial letters which are pronounced as commonwords.( )67. Grammatical meaning refers to part of speech, tenses of verbs, stylisticfeatures of words and so on.( )68. What remains of a word after the removal of all affixes is a stem.( )69. Affective meaning indicates the attitude of the user, whether positive ornegative.( )70. The connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which aregenerally found in the dictionary.( )71. Idioms are set phrases whose meaning is often difficult or impossible to infer from the constituent words.( )72. In modern times, vocabulary develops mainly by means of changingmeanings of old words.( )73. Most of the newly created words are associated with the change of life style and society.( )74. Homographs are words identical in form but different in pronunciation.( ) 75. Homonyms come mainly from borrowing—the most important source.( ) 76. Middle English lasted for more than four hundred years.( ) 77. Borrowing has brought most synonyms to the English language.( ) 78. The characteristics of the basic word stock include all national character,denizens and productivity.( ) 79. The superordinate differs from the subordinate in that the former covers theconcept of the latter.( ) 80. Words of old English were full of endings.( ) 81. The way to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is mainly to see theirorigins as well as sense relatedness.( ) 82. Modern English is an analytic language.( ) 83. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion.( ) 84. Denizens are words which were borrowed from other languages but laterbecame assimilated into the English language.( ) 85. Lexical context refers to the words that appear only before the lexical itemin question.( ) 86. Generally speaking, native words have a higher frequency of use than loanwords.( ) 87. Reference refers to the relationship between the linguistic symbols and theobjective world.( ) 88. Free morphemes are morphemes which alone can be used as words.( ) 89. Context gives a polysemic word a definite meaning.( ) 90. Half-converted adjectives are used as common nouns while full-convertedones still retain adjective features.( ) 91. Motivation explains why a particular word of a language has a particularmeaning.( ) 92. By origin English is more closely related to German than to French.( ) 93. Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.( ) 94. Prefixes do not generally change part of speech whereas suffixes do.( ) 95. In the phrase “the tongues of fire”, the word fire is semantically motivated.( ) 96. The origins of words are a key factor that distinguishes homonyms from polysemants.( ) 97. The objective meaning implies that the subject of the sentence is the one affected by the action.( ) 98. The meaning of a word which is etymologically motivated is closely related to its origin.( ) 99. The result of the human cognition of the objective world is called concept.( )100. Borrowing has brought most synonyms to the English language.( )101. “Radiation” shows that the derived meanings of a polysemant are not directly related to the primary meaning.( )102. The connection between sound and meaning is conventional and arbitrary.( )103. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.( )104. Content words are numerous and more frequently used than functional words on average.( ) 105. The characteristics of the basic word stock include all national character,denizens and productivity.( ) 106. During the Middle English period, Celtic, Latin and English existed side by side.( ) 107. Inadequate context is often the cause of ambiguity.( ) 108. The way to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is mainly to see their origins as well as sense relatedness.( )109. In some pairs of antonyms, one term may cover the meaning of the other word.( )110. Aliens are words of the native element.( )111. Denizens are words which were borrowed from other languages but laterbecame assimilated into the English language.( )112. Inflectional affixes are grammatical markers.( )113. Concept and sense mean the same and thus are interchangeable.( )114. Reference refers to the relationship between the linguistic symbols and theobjective world.( )115. Contradictory terms are non-gradable.( )116. Acronyms are words of initial letters which are pronounced as common words.( )117. Grammatical meaning refers to part of speech, tenses of verbs, stylistic features of words and so on.( )118. Half-converted adjectives are used as common nouns while full-convertedones still retain adjective features.( )119. Affective meaning indicates the attitude of the user, whether positive or negative.( )120. The connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in the dictionary. ( )121. Prefixes do not generally change part of speech whereas suffixes do.( )122. In modern times, vocabulary develops mainly by means of changing meanings of old words.( )123. Most of the newly created words are associated with the change of life style and society.( )124. The objective meaning implies that the subject of the sentence is the oneaffected by the action.一、答案1、T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. F 9. F 10. T11. F 12. T 13. T 14. T 15. T 16. F 17. F 18. T 19. T 20. T21. T 22. T 23. T 24. F 25. T 26. T 27. T 28. T 29. T 30. F31. T 32. F 33. F 34. T 35. F 36. T 37. F 38. T 39. T 40. F41. T 42. T 43. T 44. F 45. T 46. T 47. F 48. T 49. T 50. F51. F 52. F 53. T 54. F 55. F 56. T 57. F 58. T 59. F 60. T61. T 62. T 63. F 64. T65. T 66. T 67. F 68. F 69. T 70. F71. T 72. F 73. F 74. T 75. T 76. F 77. T 78. F 79. T 80. T81. T 82. T 83. T 84. T 85. F 86. T 87. T 88. T 89. T 90. F91. T 92. T 93. T 94. T 95. T 96. F 97. T 98. T 99. T 100. T101. F 102. T 103. F 104. F 105. F 106. F 107. T 108. T 109. T 110. F111. T 112. T 113. F 114. T 115. T 116. T 117. F 118. F119. T 120. F 121. T 122. F 123. F 124. TII. Analyze the following words and say how they are formed, and put your answers in the brackets:（每词0.5分）Example: disobey ( prefixation)headache (compounding ) newton ( commonization)expresident (prefixation ) book (v) (conversion )ID (acronymy ) brunch (blending )enthuse (backformation ) deadline (compounding )tick-tuck (duplication ) quake (clipping )kodak (commonization ) exwife (prefixation )elbow(v) (conversion ) laser (acronymy )autocide (blending ) laze (backformation ) historic (suffixation ) bow-wow (duplication ) bike (clipping )airline ( compounding ) changeable (affixation/suffixation)postwar (prefixation ) NA TO (acronymy )bike (clipping ) smog (blending )donate (backformation ) ampere (proper words )antinuclear (prefixation ) daydreaming (compounding ) lase (back-formation ) copter (clipping/front clipping) newly-weds (conversion ) cutthroat (compounding ) memorize (affixation/suffixation) botel (blendin ) tantalize (proper names ) VIP (acronymy ) quake (clipping ) defeather (affixation/prefixation)三、填空答案1．meaning; conventional 2. affixation; compounding; conversion 3. root4. prefixes; suffixes5. synonym; relative6. superordinate; subordinate7. context; linguistic; extra-linguistic/non-linguistic 8. minimal/smallest; meaning; syntactic9. Latin; Scandinavian10. stem 11. verbs; adjectives 12. stylistic 13. semantic; related14. elevation/ amelioration; transfer/transference 15. morphological 16. concept17．intrinsic/logical meaning arbitrary 18. Latin Greek Scandinavian19. morpheme prefixes 20. suffixes unmarked 21. marked extension/generalization22. Anglo-saxon 23、affixation compounding conversion (注：位置可以调换)24．Latin Greek French (注：位置可以调换)25. derivation affixes26. superordinate subordinate 27. stable/fixed functional higher28. intrinsic/logical meaning arbitrary 29. affix 30. extension/generalization31.. antonyms contrary 32. elevation narrowing/specialization 33. connotativeIII. Fill in the blanks according to the coursebook and write your answers on thecorresponding lines. （每空1分）1. The connection between sound and is arbitrary and .2. The three major means of word-formation are , and .3. The form which remains after all affixes are removed is called .4. generally do not change part of speech whereas do.5. The words which are fully identical in meaning are called absolute and all the others care calledsynonyms.6. In hyponymy the term which denotes something general is and the term which conveys a specificmeaning is .7. falls into two kinds, namely context and context.8. A word is the free form which has a give sound, andfunction.9. The major foreign elements which contribute greatly to English vocabulary are, Greek, French and .10. The form which remains after removing an inflectional affix is called .11. The words which are involved in conversion are nouns, and .12. The stylistic features of words form their meaning.13. field refers to a set of words which are semantically .14. The modes of semantic change in words include extension, narrowing,, degradation and .15. motivation refers to the words whose meanings are suggested by their morphological structure.16. is one of the three kinds of meaning which has nothing to do withlanguage.17. There is no ______ relationship between sound and ______ as the connecion between them is ______ andconventional.18. The three main foreign languages that have affected the English vocabulary most are ______, ______ and______.19. A minimal meaningful unit of a language is ______.20. Generally speaking, ______ do not change part of speech of the stems but their meaning, whereas ______do.21. Among pairs of antonyms, the ______ term covers the meaning of the ______ term.22. ______ is the change of meaning from specific to general.23. The major means of word-formation are ______, ______ and ______.24. The three main foreign languages that have affected the English vocabulary most are ______, ______ and______.25. Affixation, also called ______, is the formation of new words by adding ______ to stems.26. Hyponymy deals with the relation of semantic inclusion. The general term is ______ and the specific termsare ______.27. Content words are changing all the time whereas functional words are ______. ______ words enjoy a______ frequency in use than content words.28. There is no ______ relationship between sound and ______ as the connection between them is ______ andconventional.29. A morpheme attached to a stem or root is ______.30. ______ is the change of meaning from specific to general.31. Words which are opposite in meaning are called ______, among which ______ terms are gradable andallow intermediate members.32. When a word changes its meaning from negative to positive, it goes through the process ______ and theopposite process is called ______.33. The overtones and associations suggested by the conceptual meaning is ____ meaning.IV选择答案：1. D 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. A10.B 11. B12.C 13.C 14.D 15. A16. B 17. C 18.D 19.D 20.D 21. D 22. A 23. B24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30.B 31.C 32. A 33. B 34. DIV. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets. （每题一分）( )1. Non-basic vocabulary includes __________.A. argot and jargonB. archaisms and neologismsC. technical termsD. all the above( )2. Functional words are ________________.A. adverbs, prepositions, conjunctionsB. adjectives, nouns, articlesC. articles, prepositions, conjunctionsD. verbs, pronouns, prepositions( )3. ___________ is not a characteristic of basic word stock.A. ColloquialismB. All national characterC. StabilityD. Polysemy( ) 4. Modern English began with the establishment of ________ in England.A. printingB. Bourgeois RevolutionC. Industrial RevolutionD. Renaissance Time( )5. Stylistic meaning refers to the features of __________of words.A. formalityB. affectivenessC. appropriatenessD. part of speech( ) 6. The derivational process, in which an item is converted to a new word classwithout the addition of an affix, is called ____________.A. compoundingB. back-formationC. functional shiftD. derivation( )7. Grammatical meaning does not include ________.A. part of speechB. plural forms of nounsC. tensesD. appropriateness ( )8. English words can be motivated______.A. phonologicallyB. morphologicallyC. etymologicallyD. all the above ( )9. Stylistic meaning may be defined as the feature of ________ of words.A. formalityB. affectivenessC. appropriatenessD. part of speech ( )10. There are two main approaches to the study of English words namely ________.A. descriptive and prescriptiveB. synchronic and diachronicC . spoken and written D. competence and performance( )11. Which of the following is NOT studied in semantics?A. polysemyB. language familyC. ambiguityD. complementaries ( )12. The hyponyms of …vegetable‟ are ________.A. banana, pear, jamB. pear, apple, bananaC. cucumber, celery, peasD. tree, pine, elm( )13. The discrete units which realize morphemes are known as ________.A. allomorphsB. phonemesC. morphsD. lexis( )14. _________ is a word-formation process by which a word is changed from one word-class into another without the change of form.A. BlendingB. AffixationC. Back-formationD. Conversio( )15. The first monolingual English dictionary was compiled in ________.A. 1604B. 1066C. 1406D. 1046( )16. “The birds sing to welcome the smiling year.” Is an example of ________.A. euphemismB. synecdocheC. metonymyD. metaphor( )17. “child—parent” are _______ antonyms.A. rootB. derivativeC. relativeD. complementary( )18. Th e word “water” is _________ motivated.A. phoneticallyB. semanticallyC. morphologicallyD. non-( )19. “Give somebody an inch and he‟ll take a mile” is a _________.A. sentence idiomB. proverbC. clause idiom D .both A and B ( ) 20. Narrowing excludes ________.A. change from material nouns to common nounsB. change from common nouns to proper nounsC. words shortened from phrases to retain the meaning of the whole for economyD. change from specific meanings to general meanings( ) 21. According to the idiomaticity of idioms, idioms include ________.A. true idiomsB. semi-idiomsC. regular combinationsD. all the above( ) 22. Motel is a/an is ________.A. blendB. clipped wordC. initialismD. acronym ( ) 23. “sow” (to plant seeds on the ground) and “sow” (fully grown female pig )are called ________.A. HomophonesB. homographsC. perfect homonymsD. acronyms ( ) 24. “die” and “pass away” are synonyms. They differ i n ________.A. connotative meaningB. emotive meaningC. stylistic meaningD. all the above ( ) 25. He‟s nice, but he hasn‟t much brain. _________.A. SimileB. metaphorC. MetonymyD. synecdoche( ) 26. Which of the following is not associative meaning?A. collocative meaning B .stylistic meaning C. affective meaning D. primary meaning ( ) 27. One billion is ________ in British English.A. 1,000,000,000B. 1,000,000,000,000C. 1,000,000D. 1,000,000,000,000,000( ) 28. The morpheme “-s” in “desks” is ________ morpheme.A. derivationalB. freeC. inflectionalD. root( ) 29. ________ are contrary terms.A. dead / aliveB. parent / childC. single / marriedD. like / dislike ( ) 30. The first people known to inhabit the British Isles were ________. Their languages were dialects of still another branch of the In-do-European Language Family ________.A. German / GermanicB. Celts / CelticC. Italian / ItalicD. Sweden / Swedish ( ) 31. The modes of modem English vocabulary grow through three major channels: ________ , semantic change and __________.A. exchange/lendingB. derivation/borrowingC. creation/borrowingD. affixation/creation( ) 32. Conversion is a method of __________.A. turning words of one part of speech into those of a different part of speechB. converting words of one meaning into those of a different meaningC. deriving words by grammatical meansD. changing words in morphological structure( ) 33. Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of _________.A. prefixationB. suffixationC. acronymyD. conversion ( ) 34. The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of French words into English._________ of them are still in use today.A. 85%B. 56%C. 72%D. 75%V．Match the words in the left column with the words in the right column. （右栏的词每词1分）(1)narrowing manuscriptdeerextension poisongovernorelevation vulgarbonfiredegradation journallustdiseasealibi(2)narrowing journalgirlextension villainmarshalelevation barnmilldegradation deerknightcriticizeliquor(3)narrowing picturemeatextension girlmarshalelevation cunningbonfiredegradation journalangel连线(3)答案Narrowing: meat, girl, bonfire Extension: picture, journalElevation: marshal, angel Degradation: cunning连线(4)答案Narrowing: wife, deer Extension: holiday, manuscriptElevation: minister, governor Degradation: criticize, villain(4)narrowing holidayvillainextension wifeministerelevation deergovernordegradation manuscriptcriticizeVI. Do the following according to instructions.A Study the following sentences and explain the contextual clues which help you guess the meaning of theitalicized words, using such terms as definition, example, explanation, synonym, antonym, superordinate, subordinate, relevant details and so on, and put your answers in the brackets. （每题1分）1. Refugees crossed the border to escape the carnage in their homeland. Many ofthem still remembered the horrible slaughter not long ago. ( )2. I like fruit, but not avocado, which is too soft. ( )3.Carnivores are very dangerous. A tiger, for example, escaped from the zoo last month and killed a dog inthe street and ate it. ( )4. Most dentists‟ offices are drab places, but Emilio‟s new office is bright, cheerful.( )5. After a day of hunting, John was ravenous. He ate two bowls of soup, salad, alarge chicken, and a piece of chocolate cake before he was finally satisfied. ( )6. A north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a sou’wester usuallybrings rain. （）7. Some African tribes still practice polyandry, a marriage system which allows awoman to have more than one husband. ( )8. Modern technology is a kind of dehumanization of the human society. ( )A．答案 1. synonym/synonymy 2. subordinate/hyponym3. example/exemplification/superordinate4. antonym/antonymy5. relevant details6. antonym/antonymy7. explanation 8. word structureB Decide whether the words in italics are used in the subjective or objective sense and put your answersin the corresponding brackets. （每题1分）1. The policeman was suspicious of the suspicious proof given by the suspect to show that he had nothing todo with the robbery. ( ) ( )2. The old man, though poor, is a respectable gentleman in the neighborhood.( )3. The earthquake was so dreadful that many people would be afraid even to see themovie based on it. ( )4.Fearful TV programs are not suitable to pre-school children.( )5. It is very considerate of Mr Li to make that arrangement. ( )6. The excuse given by the United States of America is really doubtful.( )7. The children were fearful of the fearful picture of the monster.( ) ( )8. What a pitiful girl! She lost her parents when she was so small.( )9. The listeners were doubtful of the witness‟s testimony which sounded verydoubtful.( ) ( )10. What a boring man he is! ( )11. The doubtful teacher listened patiently to the doubtful story told by the student who was late for class.( ) ( )12. It is very considerable of you to make such arrangements. ( )13. The little match girl was really pitiful. She died from cold and hunger on the Christmas Eve.( )14. Learning a foreign language is a painful process. No one can expect to learn the language well withoutpains. ( )B. 答案1. subjective; objective 2. objective3. objective4. objective5. subjective6. objective7. subjective; objective 8. objective9. subjective; objective 10. objective11. subjective, objective 12. subjective13. objective 14. objectiveC. Study the following sentences and explain the contextual clues which help you guess the meaning of the italicized words,using such terms as definition, example, synonym, relevant details and so on, and put your answers in the brackets.（每题1分）1.Refugees crossed the border to escape the carnage in their homeland. Many of them still remember the horrible killing notlong ago. ( )2.Carnivores are very dangerous. A tiger, for example, escaped from the zoo last month and killed a dog in the street and ateit. ( )3.The tribal community still practices polygamy, a custom in which someone can be married to more than one person at thesame time. ( )4.As fighting on all fronts reached its peak, the economy neared its nadir ( ).5. In spite of the fact that the fishermen were wearing sou’wester, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through.C. 答案1. synonym/synonymy 2. example/ exemplification3. definition/explanation4. antonym/antonymy5. relevant detailsVII. Match the rhetorical devices in Column A with the idioms in Column B and put the letters in the corresponding brackets. （每题1分）A B( ) 1. alliteration a. snake in the grass( ) 2. rhyme b. toss and turn( ) 3. reiteration c. powder one‟s nose( ) 4. repetition d. earn one‟s bread( ) 5. juxtaposition e. wear and tear( ) 6. metaphor f. up and down( ) 7. metonymy g. pick and choose( ) 8. synecdoche h. from cradle to grave( ) 9. personification i. Failure is the mother of success.( ) 10. euphemism j. hand in handVII连线答案：1. (b) 2. (e) 3. (g) 4. (j) 5. (f) 6. (a) 7. (h) 8. (d) 9. (i) 10. (c)VIII. Change each of the following into a word, paying attention to part of speech: （每题1分）1.break record (adj) ( record-breaking)2、fight with fists (adj) (ist-fighting)3. walk in one‟s sleep (n) (sleepwalking)4. a worm which glows (n) (glowworm)5. draw the bridge (n) (drawbridge)6. down to the earth (adj) (down-to-earth)7. sick for missing home (adj) ( homesick)8. the blood which causes the stain (n) (bloodstain)9. the part which is bitten by frost (n) (frostbite )10. shake hands (n) (handshake )IX. Define the following terms.（每题3分）1.notional words: Notional words are also called content words which denote clear notions. They includenouns, most verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals.2.primary meaning: At the time when the word was created, it was endowed with only one meaning. This first meaningis the primary meaning .3.context :In a narrow sense, context refers to the words, clauses, sentences, a paragraph, a whole chapterand even the entire book in which a word appears. In a broad sense, it includes the physical situation including the people, time, place and even the whole cultural background.4、marked terms:Many pairs of antonyms contain specific words and general words. In such a pair, thespecific word is included in meaning within the general word. The specific words are called marked terms.5、transfer :Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else haveexperienced transfer.6、ambiguity: If there is more than one meaning for a word used in a context, ambiguity occurs. Ambiguity is mainly。
英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案
英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案试题三第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into ( )A. perfect homonymsB. homonymsC. homophonesD. all the above2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example ( )A. ad for “advertisement”B. dish for “food"C. fond for “affectionate ”D. an editorial for “an editorial article"3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over ( )A. the reader ’s interpretationB. the neighbouring wordsC. the writer's intentionD. the etymology of the word4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order?A. extra-B. pro-C. re-D. semi-5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary?A. The Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyB. Chamber's Encyclopedic English DictionaryC. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal VerbsD. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms6.Which of the following statements is Not true?A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world.B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary.C. Concept is universal to all men alike.D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language.7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form ( )A. physical contextB. grammatical contextC. lexical contextD. linguistic context8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is ( )A. definitionB. explanationC. exampleD. hyponym9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPTthat ( )A. it can refer to the common core of a languageB. it can refer to the total number of the words in a languageC. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical periodD. it can stand for words in given dialect or field10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a ( )A. simileB. metaphorC. metonymyD. personification11.An idiom differs from a free phrase in that the former is ( ) and the latter is not.A. structurally changeableB. semantically analyzableC. structurally fixedD. easily understood12.We can work out the meaning of heliocentric and geocentric according to ( )A. morphological structureB. relevant detailsC. grammatical structureD. physical context13.What causes the a mbiguity of the sentence ”I like Mary better than Ja)net"? (A. VocabularyB. SituationC. StructureD. None of the above14.Early Modern English refers to the language spoken ( )A. from 1066 to 1500B. from 1150 to 1500C. from 1500 to 1700D. from 1600 to 180015.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ( )A. bound rootsB. free morphemesC. inflectional morphemesD. derivational affixes第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressionsaccording to the course book. (10%)16._________________ meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs, etc.17.The word __________ has the old meaning "servant" and the elevated meaning "head of a ministry".18.The relationship between sound and meaning is arbitrary or ______________.19.When a word with more than one meaning is used in unclear context, it creates _______________.20.Almost all affixes are __________morphemes because few can be used as independent words.Ⅲ.Match the words in Co lumn A with those in Column B according to 1)rhetorical featuresof the idioms; 2)sense relations; 3)assimilation degree;4)characteristics of the basic wordstock and 5)motivation.(10%)A B21.reiteration ( ) A. high and low22.repetition ( ) B. pick and choose23.juxtaposition ( ) C. face to face24.perfect homonym ( ) D. Failure is the mother of success.25.personification ( ) E. hiss26.portus ( ) F. bear; bear/doc/e97168932.html,e ( ) G.twitter28.heart ( ) H. cat29.birds ( ) I. port30.snakes ( ) J. heart and soulⅣ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of context clues; 2) typesof word formation; 3) types of word-meaning changes and 4) rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.making a restatement of a new word or concept in familiar words ( )32.sitcom ( )33.the usual amenities such as a pub, a post office and a school ( )34.form cradle to grave ( )35.might and main ( )36.fax ( )37.disobey,impolite, ( )38.hussy:"housewife" →"a woman of low morals"( )39.disease:"discomfort" →"illness"( )40.fond:"foolish" →"affectionate"( )Ⅴ.Define the following terms.(10%)41.dictionary42.pejoration43.idioms nominal in nature44.Germanic45.allomorphⅥ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space givenbelow.(12%)46.What are the stylistic features of idioms?47.How would you explain the difference between back formation and suffixation? Give examplesto illustrate your point.48. How do you distinguish inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)/doc/e97168932.html,ment on the following pairs of sentences in terms of superordinate and subordinates.a. The man said he would come to our school next week.b. The visiting scholar said he would visit our university next Monday.50.Analyes the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes.unbearable, international, ex-prisoner试题参考答案Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one thatwould best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.D2.B3.B4.C5.B6.D7.C8.C9.A 10.B11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.CⅡ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressionsaccording to the course book.(10%)51. Grammatical 17. minister 18. conventional 19. ambiguity 20. boundⅢ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B. (10%)2.B 22.C 23.A 24.F 25.D7.I 27.H 28.J 29.G 30.EⅣ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of context clues; 2)types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features ofidioms.(10%)12.explanation13.head+head blending14.hyponymy/hyponym15.figure of speech; metonymy16.phonetic manipulation/alliteration17.back clipping18.affixation, prefixation or negative prefixes19.degradation20.narrowing21.elevationⅤ.Define the following terms.(10%)22. Dictionary is a book which presents in alphabetical orderthe words of a language, with information as to their spelling, pronunciation, meaning usage, etc.23. Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. It is a process whereby words of good origin fall into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense.24.(1)Each idiom has a noun as the key word.(2)Each functions as a noun/also knows asnoun idioms.25.a term used to refer to a branch of the Indo-European language family, which consists of English, German, Dutch, etc.52.one of the variants that realize a morphemeⅥ.Answer the following questions.(12%)53.(1)Many idioms were created in different professions, so they were trade-or profession-related, colloquial and informal.(2)Now most become a part of the common core, neither formal nor informal.(3)There are still many colloquialisms, slang expressions, literary expressions comparatively small in number.54.A)Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to bases.B)Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of suffixation; it's the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes.55.Inflectional affixes are affixes (1) attached to the end of words; (2) to indicate grammatical relationships, while derivational affixes are affixes; (3) added to other morphemes; (4) to createnew words.Ⅶ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should beclear and short Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)56.要点：Superordinate Subordinate1) man scholar2) come visit3) school university4) week Monday57.1)Each of the three words consists of three morphemes unbearable(un+bear+able), international (inter+nation+al), ex-prisoner(er+prison+er).2)Of the nine morphemes, only bear, nation and prison are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.3)All the rest un-,-able,inter-,-al, ex-and-er are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.。
英语考试词汇练习题及答案
英语考试词汇练习题及答案漫无目的的生活就像出海航行而没有指南针，我们要为自己找寻一个光明的方向，下面，为大家搜索了英语词汇练习题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 inplete sentences it:this part. For each sentence there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Choose cite ONE answerthat best pletes the sentence. Then mark theCorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with asingle line through the centre.41. The beam that is by a laserdiffers in several ways from the light that esout of a flashlight.A) emittedB) transportedC) motivatedD) translated(A)42. We booked rooms at the hotel we should find no vacancies on ourarrival.A) wheneverB) ifC) sinceD) lest(D)43. Modern forms of transportation and munication have done much to the isolation of life in Alaska.A) break throughB) break downC) break intoD) break out(A)44. We know through painful experience that freedom is never by the oppressor; itmust be by the oppressed.A) demandedB) mandedC) requiredD) requested(A)45. Color and sex are not relevant whether a person is suitable for the job.A) onB) forC) toD) with(C)46. the enormous flow of food from the entire globe, these countries havefor many years not felt any population pressure.A) Thanks toB) By means ofC) In line withD) With regard to(A)47. Research universities have to keep up with the latest puter and scientifichardware price.A) on aount ofB) regardless ofC) in addition toD) not to mention(B)48. Three university departments have been $600,000 to develop goodpractice in teaching and learning.A) promotedB) includedC) securedD) awarded(D)49. The rapid development of munications technology is transforming the in which people municate across time and space.A) moodB) missionC) mannerD) vision(C)50. Mr. Jones holds strong views against video gamesand the closing of allrecreation facilities for such games.A) assistsB) acknowledgesC) advocatesD) admits(C)51. Workers in the fine arts thoughtsand feelings through their creative works.A) transmitC) conveyD) contribute(C)52. Small as it is, the ant is as much a creatureas all other animals on earth.A) areB) doC) isD) have(A)53. The policeman declared that the blow on the victim’s head from behind.A) should have been madeB) must have been madeC) would have been madeD) ought to have been made(B)54. Finding a job can be and disappointing, and therefore it is importantthat you are prepared.A) exploitingB) frustratingC) profitingD) misleading(B)55. It British government often says that furnishing children with to theinformation superhighway is a top priority.A) procedureC) allowanceD) aess(D)56. Louis Herman, at the University of Hawaii, has a series of newexperiments in which some animals have learned to understand sentences.A) installedB) equippedC) devisedD) formatted(C)57. Researchers at the University of Illinoisdetermined that the of a fathercan help improve a child’s grades.A) involvementB) interactionC) associationD) munication(A)58. We can aept your order payment is made in advance.A) in the belief thatB) in order thatC) on the excuse thatD) on condition that(D)59. Many in the credit industry expect that creditcards will eventually papermoney for almost every purchase.A) exchangeB) reduceC) replaceD) trade(C)60. Any donation you can give will help us thesuffering and isolation of thehomeless this New Year.A) liftB) patchC) fort61. In India more than one hundred languagesare spoken, which only fourteen arerecognized as official.A) ofB) inC) withD) within(A)62. Techniques for sleep wouldinvolve learning to control both mind and bodyso that sleep can our.A) cultivatingB) promotingC) pushingD) strengthening(B)63. It is important to between the rules of grammarand the conventions ofwritten language.A) determineB) identifyC) exploreD) distinguish(D)64. It is too early to say whether IBM’s petitors will be able to theirproducts to the new hardware at an affordable cost.A) adaptB) stickC) yieldD) adopt(A)65. This research has attracted wide coverage in the and has featured onBBC television’s Tomorrow’s World.A) dataB) sourceC) messageD) media(D)66. I had just posted the letter when I remembered that hadn’t the cheque.A) imposedB) involvedC) enclosedD) contained(C)67. She had a tense expression on her face, she were expecting trouble.A) even thoughB) as thoughC) even asD) now that(B)68. They were admission to the military exhibition because they wereforeigners.A) deniedB) declinedC) deprivedD) rejected(A)69. It gave me a strange feeling of excitement to see my name in .A) prospectB) printC) processD) press(B)70. Residents were cutting their lawns, washing their cars and otherwise apleasant, sunny day.A) idling awayB) taking awayC) chasing awayD) driving away(A)。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
词汇部分练习题参考答案思考与练习一P186一、词和词汇有什么不同？词汇是一种语言里词和语的总汇。
词是能够独立使用的音义结合的最小的语言单位。
词汇是词和语的总集，单个词语不能称为词汇。
二、什么是语素？怎样确定语素？语素是语言中最小的音义结合的单位。
可以从二个方面确定语素：一、它是不能独立使用的。
如，“企业”中的“企”，它本身不能独立成词，只能与别的语素组合成词。
二，它是最小的音义结合体，“企”是“qi”这个音和“企”的意义组合体，二者互相依，不能再进一步切分。
三、什么是词，如何确定。
词是指表示一定意义并能够独立使用的最小的语言单位。
首先，能单说，能单独回答问题是词。
如，那是什么？———飞机。
飞机就是词。
其次，不能单说，但能单独充当句法成分的最小语言单位。
如，很好，“很”能充当“好”的修饰成分，是词。
三、把能单说、单用的最小语言成分提出，剩下的虽不能单说，也不是某个词的一部分的成分，也是词。
如，“你说吧”中的“吧”。
四、说明词、语素、音节、汉字的关系。
一个词可以由一个或几个语素组合而成，每个语素对应一个或几个音节，一个音节由一个汉字记录。
如，玻璃，是一个词，由一个语素构成，对应两个音节，由两个汉字记录。
企业，是一个词，由两个语素构成，对应两个音节，由两个汉字记录。
五、切词1、宗教\作为\一\种\文化，是\扭曲\的、畸形\的，与\人\的\发展\和\社会\进步\背道而驰。
但是，这\绝\不\是\说\宗教\文化\毫无价值\可\言。
恰恰\相反，由于\它\在\一定\的\时\空\范围\内\影响\了\人类\的\思想\感情\和\生活\方式，制约\了\社会\繁荣\和\历史\发展，并且\直到\现在，它\的\文化\形态\还\继续\存在，继续\发生\作用，因而\又\是\认识\和\了解\人类\历史\和\民族\文化\最\有\价值\的\社会\现象\之\一。
2、中国\文明\是\一\种\农业\文明，传统\农民\以\自耕自足\的\小农\经济\为\本，这\种\经济\基础\便\造成\中国\人\讲究\现实\利益\的\文化\心态，其\宗教\信仰\也\谋求\对\现实\的\生产\和\生存\现状\有\直接\的\救助，因而\中国\人\崇尚\多\神\信仰，甚至\对\直接\影响\其\现实\生活\的\生存\环境\产生\执著\的\崇拜。
六、为什么单音节语素比多音节语素构词能力强？现代汉语的语素绝大多数是单音节的，数量很大，自然构词能力也强，而且单音节语素与其它单音节语素或词组合构成双音节词，符合现代汉语词双音节化的趋势；多音节语素数量很少，而且在音节长度上超出了现代汉语对词汇长度的要求，不符合现代汉语词双音化的趋势。
七、指出下列词中的“化”是定位语素还是不定位语素。
变化、消化、融化中的“化”是不定位语素，绿化、美化、现代化、革命化中的“化”是定位语素。
七、下列词包含几个语素？奥林匹克模特儿迪斯科晴蜓一个语素；黄\河学\习伏尔加\河哈尔滨喜马拉雅\山两个语素；电\影\院三个语素九、现代汉语词汇有哪些特点？一、语素以单音节为主，词以双音节占优势。
二、词双音节化趋势明显。
三、使用词根复合法构词。
思考与练习二P199一、现代汉语中，多音节词会不会取代单音节词？不会，一、单音节词大多是从古代汉语中继承下来的，反映的是基本现象，存在历史长，使用频率高。
二是在使用过程中产生了新的意义，负载信息量大，构词能力强。
二、现代汉语词为什么以双音节为主要形式？由于汉语音节数量少，语音系统简化，单音节词会造成大量同音词，影响交际，双音节化可以避免出现大量同音词，有助于分词义，而且韵律的要求也促使词语双音化。
三、指出下列字是词、语素、音节？扯、苗、叶、学、耳、盟、丫是词，牲、绩、习是语素，鸪、琉、娑、佯是音节。
四、单音节词、多音节词和单纯词、合成词有什么关系？单音节词是由一个音节组成的词，多音节词是由两个或两个以上音节构成的词，单纯词可以是单音节的也可以是多音节的，合成词一定是多音节的。
五、参考教材190页六、分析合成词类型1、并列式开关基础解剖紧张爆破2、限定式烧饼林立瓜子热门公众3、支配式破产司令出神经济司机4、补充式照明揭晓布匹5、陈述式海啸夏至口轻6、附加式门儿铲子7、重叠式叔叔七、“绿化”与“分化”的区别？绿化是附加式，分化是复合式中并列式，绿化中的化已经虚化，而分化中的化意义实在，没有虚化。
八、缩略词的构成方式及与词的区别。
一、缩减式简单介绍——简介二、截取式清华大学——清华三、共用式中学和小学——中小学四、数字概括式阴、阳、上、去——四声区别，缩略语有全称，它是对全称的缩略而成的。
联系，缩略语在长期的使用过程中可以逐步固定下来，并取代原词，获得词的身份。
九、下列语言单位，哪些是缩略语。
人大、政协、三个代表是，因为他们有原型形式，泥石流、收容站、装卸工不是，因为他们没有原型形式或已经感觉不到原型形式的存在。
思考与练习三p208一、词义包括哪些内容？首先，词义包括词的词汇意义，是指词所表示的客观世界中的事物、现象和关系的意义。
如，“再三”的词汇意义是“一次又一次”。
其次，词义包括词的语法意义，词所表示的语法作用的意义，是一种概括、抽象的意义。
如，“软件、设备”可以作主、宾语，具有名词的语法意义。
再次，词义包括词的色彩意义，是指词所表示的某种主观倾向或使用情调的意义。
如，“果断”和“武断”都表示“有决断、不犹豫”的词汇意义，语法类都是形容词。
但是它们色彩意义不同，“果断”具有褒义色彩，“武断”具有贬义色彩。
二、为什么说词义是客观的？词义是对客观事物的反映，它包含着人们对客观事物的认识，具有客观性。
有些词所反映的事物在客观世界中不存在，但总是可以在现实社会中找到它们的影子。
如，“鬼、怪”等，不过是对现实的人的变形而已。
三、为什么词义是概括的？词义所反映的是同一类事物或现象的共同特征，而不是个别、具体的特征。
如，“候鸟”它所反映的是随季节变化而迁徙的一类鸟的共同特征，而不是某一只鸟，如大雁、野鸭，的个别特征。
四、词义民族性的表现。
民族性又叫社会性，词义是使用同一语言的社会成员约定俗成的，一旦确定下来，就具有强制性，个人不能随意改变。
“马”个人不能任意改变它的名称，叫它“鹿”。
民族性还表现在同一事物或现象在不同的语言中由于人们对它认识不同，可能用不同的词来表示，即使用一个词，可能概括的范围也不同。
如，汉语叫“公鸡”，英语叫rooster。
英语的brother，就包括了汉语的哥哥和弟弟。
民族性还表现在感情色彩方面，如，英语与“狗”有关的词往往是褒义的，而汉语与狗有关的词往往是贬义的。
五、词义发展变化的原因。
一是社会的进步，需要词义变化的来反映人们对社会事物或现象的认识的变化。
如，“百姓”在战国以前指百官，而到了战国后期，则指平民。
二是人类认识的深化，带来的人们对现实现象和事物认识的深化，这也会引起词义的变化。
如，“牛”《说文解字》上说“大牲也”，现代的词典解释为“哺乳动物……。
”三是词义的相互影响，导致词义的变化。
“快、慢”本指速度，当“快”产生出“锋利”的意思时，“慢”也就相应的产生出“钝”的意思。
六、词义发展变化的途径。
一是词义的扩大，指词义反映的事物的范围比原来扩大了。
如，江，本指长江，后来泛指一切江水。
二是词义缩小，指词义反映的事物的范围比原来缩小了。
如，瓦，本指一切烧制而成的陶器，后来专指建筑上用来铺顶的用料。
三是词义的转移，指词义所指称事物的更换。
如“闻”本指“耳朵听见”，后来指用鼻子辨别气味。
七、考查下列字意义的变化。
智力：原指智慧与力量，今指知识水平。
山东：山之东，今省名。
卑鄙：卑微鄙陋，今指人品的低下。
交通，相交相通，今指公路、铁路运输。
八、考察词的古今色彩的变化爪牙：原指得力帮手，今指助恶为虐的人。
逢迎：原指迎接，今指阿谀奉承。
九、指出下列词义的演变方式残年：原指一年的最后一段时间，今指老年、一年将尽的时候，属于词义的扩大。
老巢：原指鸟的老窝，后指坏人集会的地方。
属于词义的转移。
小说：原指街谈巷议，后指文学体裁的一种。
属于词义的转移。
报复：原指回报，今指打击损害自已利益的人。
属于词义的转移。
行李：原指出行所带的东西、外交官，今专指出行所带的东西，属于词义缩小。
检讨：原指检查讨论，今指自我批评、总结讨论。
属于词义的扩大。
思考与练习四p217一、指出单义词、多义词煤——单义苗条——单义报道——多义后台——多义创伤——多义领导——多义诚心——单义风景——多义挂彩——多义二、用词造句略三、解释词义，指出词义的变化本钱：原指用来经营的原始资本。
比喻可以依仗的条件。
空气：指围绕于地球周围的气体。
引申为某种环境、气氛。
推销：原指推荐销售产品，引申为向别人推荐自己。
走狗：原指猎狗，比喻帮助坏人作恶的人。
运动：原指物体之间的位移，引申为大规模的群众活动。
温床：原指培育幼苗的苗床，比喻为有利于事物发展的环境。
背景：原指舞台上设置的布景。
比喻为一个人所依仗的后台、势力。
幼稚：指年龄幼小。
借为思想上的不成熟。
四、多义词的转义及类型。
多义词最初的意义叫本义，由此而生出其它意义叫转义。
多义词的转义包括它的引申义、比喻义和借代义。
引申义是在本义或基本义的基础上推演、发展出来的意义。
如，深，本义是空间的深，后来引申出时间的长。
比喻义是指通过打比方的方法固定下来的意义。
如，近视，本义是视力缺陷，后比喻为目光短浅。
借代义是通过词的借代用法派生出来的意义。
如，丹青，本义是红色和青色的颜料，后借为绘画。
五、词义与语境的关系。
一个词的形成最初只有一个意义，在使用过程中相关的意义也由它来表达，这样就产生了派生义，派生义又不断分化出新的意义，词义越来越多，单义词也就变成了多义词。
但多义词在使用过程中并不会引起歧义，这是因为在使用过程中，由于特定的语境的存在，使其它意义被排除出去了，只有一个意义被显示出来，但有时由于使用不当，语境不能确定多义词的具体意义或几个意义都讲得通，就会产生歧义，因些，交际中，要注意多义词的正确使用，避免产生歧义。
思考与练习五P233一、辨析同义词见面——会晤（口语——书面语），战争——战役（范围大小），欺负——欺压（语意轻重），鼓励——怂恿（感情色彩褒贬），夸大——夸张（词义侧重不同），摧毁——摧残（感情色彩中贬），顽强——顽固——固执（感情色彩褒贬中），周密——严密——精密（词义侧重不同），宽阔——广阔——辽阔（范围大小），帮助——赞助——援助（词义侧重不同）二、指出反义词出——进高——低爱——恨饱——饥富裕——贫穷光荣——可耻干净——肮脏赞成——反对坚强——脆弱大方——小气节约——浪费善良——邪恶高涨——低落冷淡——热情平坦——高耸集中——分散三、分辨多义词还是同音词1、同音词2、同音词3、多义词4、多义词5、多义词四、什么叫同义词，如何辨析？语言中词汇意义相同，材料和构造上不同的词叫同义词。