汉英翻译
汉译英 经典翻译
现在进行课堂讨论，特别 注意对原句的理解和译句 语感的再现
1.上课了？ 2.他（听到这话）心里一跳，脸色也变了。 3.三四个酒保，都手忙脚乱，搬东搬西。 4.你不知道，他这个家伙背景复杂，不大讲 面子。
参考译文
上课了？ (Have you) Just finished your class? How’s your first class? Has the bell gone? / Am I late for class? 他（听到这话）心里一跳，脸色也变了。 At this his heart missed a beat and he became pale. 三四个酒保，都手忙脚乱，搬东搬西。 The four or five waiters were busy rushing from one to another serving food and drink. (Outlaws of the Marsh) 你不知道，他这个家伙背景复杂，不大讲面子。 Don’t you realize that this fellow has all kinds of dubious connections and that he’s no great respecter of persons?
语言转换与思维
一、语言转换 序
之结构顺
• • • • • • •
（某）主体-行为标志-行为-行为客体 （某）主体-行为-行为客体-行为标志 S+ad. +V+O(C) S+V+O+ad. (E) 试译下列两句： 我30多年来一直没有见过他。
弗瑞德把它拿回家，几天之后，又把它包扎得 漂漂亮亮地送回来了。
•
• •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
汉译英短文翻译
在从前的农业社会里，中国人最重要的节日就是过年。
对过去的一年来说，这是结束；对未来的一年来说，这是开始。
一进入腊月，街头巷尾就充满了过年的气氛，这种气氛要持续一个半月之久。
大家通过各种游乐节目来调剂一年来的辛劳，在游乐中流露着一种乐观进取的精神。
过年时，每家门上都贴上了春联，耀眼的红纸给人们带来了喜气，优美的字句提供了勉励。
In previous/former agricultural society, the Spring Festival was the most important holiday in China. It is the end of the past year and the beginning of the next. As soon as the twelfth month of the lunar year begins, streets are filled with an atmosphere of celebrating the Spring Festival for a month and a half. People relax and get rid of the past year’s hard work by a variety of entertainment with a sense of optimism and enterprise. During the holiday, Spring Festival couplets are put on the door of every household. The shining red paper brings happiness to people, and the elegant/graceful words offers encouragement.上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际化大都市。
翻译汉英互译
翻译汉英互译
Hello, how are you today?
你好，你今天好吗？
I would like to order a pizza for delivery, please.
我想要点一份外卖披萨。
Could you please tell me where the nearest train station is?
你能告诉我最近的火车站在哪里吗？
I have a doctor's appointment tomorrow morning.
明天早上我有个医生的约会。
Can you recommend any good restaurants in this area?
你能推荐这个地区的一些好餐厅吗？
I will be traveling to China next month.
我下个月将去中国旅行。
What is the weather like today?
今天天气怎么样？
I need to buy some groceries at the supermarket.
我需要在超市购买一些杂货。
Do you have any recommendations for local tourist attractions?
你有推荐的本地旅游景点吗？
Could you please help me with this problem?
你能帮我解决这个问题吗？
Thank you for your help!
感谢你的帮助！。
汉英互译2
B:Let’s go out for a meal / Let’s eat out . (我们出去吃顿饭吧。)
15.A: John didn’t come to the party yesterday. Where did he go?
B:SaladLeabharlann for me, please/ I’d like a salad, please(我要份沙拉。).
19. A: Where is Jack?
B: He is over there.He is in blue jeans . (穿蓝色牛仔裤的。)
20.A: We have plenty of time before the film. We could have something to eat (可以吃点儿东西) after the film or go to a pub.
第四部分 翻译
1.A: Did you use to get on (well) with your brother? (你曾经和你哥哥/弟弟关系处得好吗？)
B:Not too well. We used to fight a lot.
2.A: Do you ever do any exercise?
他指出她需要一把更好点儿的提琴。
13. They walked slowly along the road.
他们沿着那条路慢慢地走着。
我要份沙拉。 I'd like a salad, please.) O. n. ?,
他穿着一件红色的T恤衫。He wears a red T-shirt.1
汉英翻译
I hope you won’t mind his words.He simply doesn’t know how to say.The proper way to talk.
选词：
【三羊开泰】
Sheep
Goat
Lamb
Ram
Ewe
【路】
Road
Expressway
【慢车】slow train the local train
【快车】express
【青山】green hills
【青天】bule sky
【青布】black cloth
【浓茶】strong tea
【浓墨】thick ink
【浓烟】heavy smoke dense smoke
中英对照
【轻重】
这两口箱子轻重不一样。
【江南水乡】the south of the lower reacher of the Yangze River
【傍大款（of a girl）】find a sugar daddy;be a mistress for a rich man
【居委会】residents’committee;neighborhood committee
Zero
【小康水平】a relatively comfortable standard of g
【祖传秘方】home prescription
【偏方】folk prescription
【辛亥革命】therevolutionof 1911
【大锅饭】the big pot distribution system (under which everyone gets the same“portion”irrespective of his work or contribution)
新视野英语第四册翻译汉译英 英译汉
1人人都知道她生性骄傲。
（by nature）It is known to all that she is proud by nature.2 你只有一次机会，所以最好充分利用它！（make the most of）You'll only get one chance, so you'd better make the most of it. 3事故导致两名乘客死亡。
（result inThe accident resulted in the death of two passengers.4. 有个好老师后，他的情况完全不一样了。
（make all the difference）Having a good teacher has made all the difference for him. 1. 你的女儿渴望得到你的爱，你为什么对她那么冷淡？（be hungry for）Your daughter is hungry for your love. Why are you so cold to her?2. 尽管我们之间几乎没什么共同之处，但你仍然是我最好的朋友。
（have…in common）Although we have little in common, you are still my best friend.3. 她完全失去了控制，失声痛哭起来。
（lose one's control）She lost all her control and burst into tears.4. 我不明白到底是什么使他陷入绝望。
（sink into despair）I did not understand what on earth made him sink into despair1. 很不幸，只有20人来上我的课。
（no more than）No more than twenty people came to my class, unfortunately.2. 这位知名教授专门从事儿童早期教育。
汉英翻译——精选推荐
e.g. 意见：1、用户对贵方的包装意见很大。
End-users have a lot of complaints about your packing.2、双方价格差距很大，先谈到这里吧!你的意见如何?Since the price gap is very wide between the two parties, shall we suspend the discussion? What's your idea?3、贵方总裁和我们总经理就拟议中的合资项目坦率地交换了意见。
Y our President had a frank exchange of views with our Managing Director on the proposed joint venture project.意思：甲：这一点小意思，请务必收下。
乙：你这个人真是有意思，怎么也来这一套？甲：唉，只是意思意思。
乙：啊，真是不好意思。
A：This is a little gift as a token of my appreciation. Please do take it. B: Oh, aren’t you a bit too polite? Y ou should not do that.A: Well, it just conveys my gratitude.B: Ah, thank you then, though I really do not deserve it.你这是什么意思？请别误会我的意思。
What do you mean by that? Please do not misunderstand me.她被夸得不好意思。
She felt embarrassed by so much praise.让你久等了，不好意思。
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long.做了这种事，亏他还好意思说呢！Fancy his doing that sort of thing and then having the nerve to talk about it.人家：1、你们村子上有多少人家？How many households are there in your village?2、他妹妹已经有人家了。
新视野英语第二册翻译汉译英英译汉
新视野大学英语1、房子着火了，里面的人面临着死亡的危险The house was on fire and the people inside were in danger of losing their lives.2、他买不起这么好的房子He cannot afford to buy such a fine house.3、这个主意听起来也有些怪，不过还真有点道理Although this idea may sound strange, it does make sense.4、约翰看起来是个好人，即便如此我还是不信任他。
John seems (to be) a nice person. Even so, I don’t trust him.1.如果他一开始谈论过去，你就永远没法从他那脱身。
If he starts talkingabout the past, you’ll never get away from him.2.冬天失业率有上升的趋势There is a tendency for job losses to rise in thewinter.3.在我不断的要求下，父亲终于同意和我去澳大利亚了。
Because of myfrequent demands, father finally agreed to go to Australia with me.4.他把老店卖了，开了一家新的以便赚更多的钱。
He sold his shop andopened a new one to make more money.1.我们应该从中吸取教训，这是很重要的It is important for us to learn alesson from the failure.2.他相信自己相当证券经纪人的梦想总能实现He believes that one day hisdream of becoming a stockbroker will come true.3.很多学生最后从事的工作不需要用到所学的知识Many students end updoing jobs that do not make use of what they have learnt.4.我一提到他的名字，母亲就变得很不开心As soon as I mentioned hisname. my mother became very unhappy.1.只要你经常锻炼，你又会变得健康起来As long as you get regularexercise, you will become healthy again.2.我一直想读一本太空的书，但是我好像总没时间去读I have always beenthinking of reading a book on space, but I never seen to get around to it.3.那位作家自从买了电脑后，就再也不用笔写小说了Since the writer hadbought the computer, he no longer wrote his stories with a pen.4.学校制定了一些新的规章制度，人人必须遵守The school has set upsome new rules that everybody must follow.1.看见大海孩子们开心的大叫起来The children cried with delight at thesight of the sea.2.你刚刚说的话我没太听懂，你能再说一遍吗？I did n’t quite catch on towhat you said just now. Would you say it again?3.他知道那项任务很难，但还是接受了He was conscious of the difficulty ofthe task, but he still accepted it.4.直到现在，当想起那天发生的事情时，我还觉得莫名其妙To this day,when I recall what happened that day, I still feel confused.1.她似乎以贬低别人为快She seems to enjoy speaking poorly of others.2.他过度的喝酒抽烟结果死了He died as a consequence of heavy drinkingand smoking.3.你永远无法从他那里得到直接的回答You can never get a straight answerout of him.4.我们的产品在过去几年中逐渐受到欢迎。
汉英对比翻译-YY
人类随处改变着自然的平衡。有意无意地促进植 物和动物在新地区的生长。他产品，这一切形成了人类文明。他们使许多 已有物种灭绝，却热衷于培育其他物种。
7 In one corner of the American economy supply is steadily exceeding demand: garbage production. Americans are churning out rubbish at the rate of 200 million tons a year, and they are voting and demonstrating not to have that same rubbish dumped or burnt anywhere near them. An environmentalist, nowadays, is somebody who campaigns against municipal incinerators and landfill dumps. His legacy includes the burgefuls of American rubbish now being offered around the world to anybody who will buy them.
1.自从在上海第一次看见这个美丽的少女，他就像着了迷 似地爱上了她。他是个小心谨慎，处事稳健的人，他知道 过早地表露是一种危险，因此，他一直按捺着自己的感情， 只是根据道静的情形适可而止地谈着各种使她中意的话题。 译文：He had fallen in love with a beautiful girl when he first saw her in Shanghai. He was such a cautious and calm man that he knew that too early showing his feeling would be dangerous. Thus, he hided his feelings in his heart and only talked about the topics that Daojing like.
汉译英原文及参考译文
三、史学方法
史学方法是任何历史研究工作者必须学习的课程， 也是正确掌握历史研究的一种重要训练。它包括 史学家使用的各种技术和准则，通过他们史学家 用第一手资源和其他研究证据写出历史。在历史 哲学中，合理的历史方法的性质甚至还有可能性 等问题，被当作认识论问题提了出来。其追随者 则以外部批评、内部批评和综合法为标题，对史 学家在研究工作中常用的历史准则进行概括。 （173）
四、中国结
中国结是一种古老的编织艺术。中国人自汉 代就把中国结用作装饰。现在的人们仍然对传 统中国结复杂的美和编织秘密感到不解。“结” 在中文的含义是团聚、友谊、温暖和结婚，等 等。所以中国结也成为团聚、幸运、和谐和爱 的 象征。
制作传统的中国结必须用一根红绳弯曲、 打结、编织，喻义是无穷无尽的幸福生活的循 环。这是中国结最重要的特征。把不同的结和 其它的吉祥饰物巧妙的结合在一起，就是一个 独特的吉祥饰品，特别是代表美、幸福和愿望 的红色。
汉英翻译基础----主题翻译
汉英翻译基础----主题翻译Text 1青岛坐落在山东半岛南部，依山临海，天姿秀美，气候凉爽，人称“东方瑞士”。
白天，青岛宛如镶嵌在黄海边的绿宝石，夜里则像一只在大海中摆动的摇篮，难怪许多人乐意来这里疗养。
⑥ Useful Words and Expressions 词汇提示山东半岛Shandong Peninsula依山临水wedged between hills and waters天姿秀美 a beautiful scenery“东方瑞士” “the Switzerland of the Orient”镶嵌inlaid疗养to seek rest and relaxation难怪no wonder⑥ Reference Version 参考译文Qingdao, known as the “Switzerland of the Orient”, is situated on the southern tip of Shandong Peninsula. Wedged between hills and waters, the city is endowed with beautiful scenery and a delightful climate. By day, she looks like a green gem inlaid in the coastline of the Yellow Sea and, at night, a cradle rocking upon the sea waves. No wonder so many people come to seek rest and relaxation.⑥ Translation Difficulty 翻译难点：专有名词专有名词包括地名、人名、书刊名、机构团体名等。
翻译时一般有其习惯的译法，应采用统一的译法和格式。
A．音译的专有名词国名、地名、人名等一般采用音译，并且遵循以下两项原则：(1) 名从主人专有名词的音译应以该名词所在国家的语言发音为准。
汉语的美与汉英翻译
汉英翻译过程中模糊美感 的丧失
• 以杜甫《春望》中的“国破山河在”一 句的英译为例
• Though a country be sundered, hills and rivers endure. ---Bynner • （虽然）（一个）国家（被）隔绝（，）（群）山（和）河流忍耐（着） （。） • A nation though fallen, the land yet remains. ----W.J.B.Fletcher • （一个）国家（虽然）沦陷（，）（那）土地（仍然）留存（。）
• 古文如此，现代文中的四字句的英译， 也同样让英语“寒碜”！ • 如:
• 平日，工作太忙，或交际过繁，你难得与古今 智者，中外名家，相伴交谈。而今，你可凝视 屏息，侧耳倾听，静心阅读，令学识渐长. • In the past, you might be so occupied with your work or social interaction as to have no time for books. But now you can peacefully listen to wise men of all times, enriching yourself with their ideas, and enlarging your stock of knowledge.
• 余冬日往视，但见衰 柳寒烟，一水茫茫而 已。
• I went there; however, on a winter day and saw only a stretch of cold water against some sparse willow trees and a frosty sky. （林语堂译）
• 汉译英策略之 —— 识英语之形合美，方有佳译
汉英翻译——精选推荐
汉英翻译词语意义明确化1．我们搞社会主义才几十年，还处在初级阶段。
We have been building socialism for only a few decades and are still in the primary stage.2．低速度就等于停步，甚至等于后退。
要抓住机会，现在就是还机会。
Slow growth equals stagnation and even retrogression. We must grasp opportunities; the present offers an excellent one.3．看来我们的发展，总是要在某一个阶段，抓住时机，加速搞几年，发现问题及时加以治理，而后继续前进。
It seems to me that, as a rule, at certain stages we should seize the opportunity to accelerate development for a few years, deal with problems as soon as they are recognized, and then move on.词义的褒贬4．人们都在讲南北问题很突出，我看这个问题就是发展问题。
People are saying that the North-South question is very serious. I think it is a question of development.5．在整个改革开放过程中都要反对腐败。
Throughout the process of reform and opening, we must combat corruption.6．对凭借行业垄断和某些特殊条件获得个人额外收入的必须纠正。
We must correct the malpractice of individuals obtaining extra incomes by taking advantage of sectoral monopoly and some special privileges.用词的语气轻重7．我们必须广泛地利用现代科学技术的新成就。
英汉汉英翻译
Head : （借助上下文）1.He was badly wounded in the head. 他头部受重伤。
2.You should use your head a bit. 你该用一下自己的头脑。
3.The dinner cost us five dollars a head. 这顿饭花去我们每人5块钱。
4.Pick with the head of a needle. 用针尖挑。
5.He was standing at the head of the staircase. 他站在楼梯的顶端。
6.Let’s discuss the question under five heads. 我们分5个题目来讨论这个问题。
7.The head of his bed was piled with books. 他的床头堆满了书。
8.Present at the meeting were the heads of government of the four countries. 出席会议的有四国政府的首脑。
9.Go and ask the head of our department. 问我们系的头儿去10.Heads or tails? 正面还是反面。
11.Where is the head? 厕所在哪里？（船上用语）1.The baby has got a big head. 这娃娃头真大。
2.She was combing her hair. 她正在梳头。
3. A car was parked at the west end of the bridge. 一辆小轿车停在桥西头。
4.Let me tell the story from the very beginning. 让我从头讲起吧。
5.He has thrown away the pencil stub [ stump]. 他把铅笔头扔了。
长句翻译汉译英
Long sentence translationCompact vs. Diffuse1门口放着一堆伞，少说也有12把，五颜六色，大小不一。
There are a pile of umbrellas in the door, at least twelve, various colors and different sizes.In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors.2我厂生产的112升，和145升冰箱造型美观，质量可靠，耗电少，使用安全方便。
The 112 and 145 Liter volumes of fridges made in our factory are with high quality, low power consumption and safely conveniently to use.The refrigerators of 112 and 145 liters manufactured by our plant are noted for their graceful styles, reliable quality, low power consumption, easy operation and safety./easy and safe operation.3 有一个年轻人，名叫颜回，家里很穷，缺吃少穿，insufficient 住的房子又破又小。
(dilapidated )There is a poor young man named Yanhui, insufficient with food and clothes and living in a small dilapidated house.There was a young man. He was called Yanhui. His family was very poor. They did not have enough food to eat and clothing to wear. The house they lived in was small and dilapidated.There was a young man called Yanhui, who was so poor that his family lived in a small, dilapidated house with insufficient food and clothing.4 为了实现儿时的梦想，我毫不犹豫地选择了化学专业。
汉译英短文翻译4
1.然而,如果没有阿道夫·希特勒，那就几乎可以肯定不会有第三帝国。
因为阿道夫·希特勒有着恶魔般的性格、花岗岩般的意志、不可思议的本能、无情的冷酷、杰出的智力、深远的想象力以及对人和对局势的判断力。
这种判断力最后由于权力和胜利冲昏了头脑而自不量力，终于弄巧成拙。
But without Adolf Hitler, who was possessed of a demoniac personality, a granite will, uncanny instincts, a cold ruthlessness, a remarkable intellect, a soaring imagination and----until toward the end, when drunk with power and success, he over reached himself----an amazing capacity to size up people and situations, there almost certainly would never have been a Third Reich.2. 应用科学则直接涉及应用问题。
它研究的是如何将纯科学的工作定律应用于实际生活、应用于加强人类对其周围环境的控制，从而导致新技术、新工艺和新机器的产生。
Applied science, on the other hand, is directly concerned with the application of the working laws of pure science to the practical affairs of life, and to increasing man’s control over his environment, thus leading to the development of techniques, processes and machines.3. 一个星期日的傍晚，他正躺在果园里，一面在听画眉鸟的啁啾，一面写一首爱情诗，忽然听得大门砰地关上，接着看见那姑娘从树丛里奔来，后面飞跟着那呆头呆脑的红脸的乔。
汉英课文翻译
此人是书就读。
This man reads every book he can reach.是可忍，孰不可忍？If this can be tolerated, what cannot?是古非今Praise the past to condemn the present.知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。
When you know a thing, to hold that you know it , and when you do not know a thing , to allow that you do not know it — this is knowledge.南京的风俗：但凡新媳妇进门，三日就要到厨下收拾一样菜，发个利市。
这菜一定是鱼，取“富贵有余”的意思。
The custom in Nanjing is for all brides to invite good luck by going to the kitchen on the third day and cooking a fish, which stands for fortune.宝钗笑道：“不用问，狗嘴里还有象牙不成？”“I don’t have to ask, ”retorted Pao—chai,“One doesn’t expect ivory from a dog’s mouth.”去设埋伏我们都没有信心，想他一定在昨天晚上就早溜了，今天去也是瞎子点灯白费蜡。
We had no confidence in today’s ambush because we were sure he had escaped last night. It seemed as useless as a blind man lighting a candle.……只因生得妩媚风流，满学中都送了两个外号：一个叫“香怜”，一个叫“玉爱”。
汉译英翻译技巧及方法
What has happened since the outbreak of the
international financial crisis in 2008 shows that we are
facing not just an economic and financial crisis. It is a crisis that has exposed certain deficiencies in the existing institutions and mechanisms, policies and approaches, and ways of development. The world economy is now at a crossroads and global economic governance faces arduous tasks. It is imperative that we stand on a higher plane, transcend differences on specific issues, move beyond short-term considerations, and jointly seek ways to overcome the crisis and sustain development.
As the premier forum for international economic cooperation, the G20 must continue to demonstrate the spirit of standing together in times of adversity and pursuing win-win cooperation. At this critical moment, the G20 must work to address the key problems, boost
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比喻形象有所差异，但比喻意义基本一致
➢笑掉大牙laugh off one’s head ➢乱七八糟at sixes and sevens ➢东张西望look right and left ➢抛砖引玉to throw a sprat to catch a herring ➢缘木求鱼seek a hare in hen’s nest ➢挥金如土to spend money like water ➢胆小如鼠as timid as a hare ➢瓮中之鳖like a rat in a hole ➢无风不起浪there’s no smoke without fire ➢挂羊头卖狗肉cry up wine and sell vinegar ➢有志者事竟成where there is a will there is a way ➢新官上任三把火new brooms sweep clean ➢偷鸡不着蚀把米go for wool and come back shorn
四字格的特征：字数统一ຫໍສະໝຸດ 音节固定，具有结构工整，音韵和谐，简洁明快。
四字格的翻译方法：由于文字的堆砌和意义的繁复是英语文章 的大忌，因此在翻译四字格及四字格排比句时，译者切不可不 分词义虚实，不顾思维差异，而应摆脱汉语欣赏定式的影响， 使译文符合英语的行文习惯。如:
他决心洗心革面，脱胎换骨。
He is determined to turn over a new leaf.
“洗心革面”“脱胎换骨”都具有“彻底地改变旧有面目，重新 做人”之意，如果要重复译出反而累赘。
否定句的定义：对事物做出否定判断的句子
否
定
句 的
汉语否定句的分类:单重否定句,双重否定句
英
译
汉语否定句的翻译方法：3种方法
一，译成英语的否定句 我认为他不够格。
I don’t think he is qualified. 不要抱怨他人对你的攻击。
Don’t complain against any possible attack you may encounter. 水淀里没有一个人。
No one else was in sight. 他们认识到不能沾沾自喜以“老大”自居。
In no way should they become complacent and pose as No.1 in the country.
3.套译法：指套用译语中某个与汉语成语喻义相 近的成语来进行翻译的方法。一般可用于以下3 种情况。
(1).两个成语的字面意义和蕴含意义基 本一致。如:
(2).两个成语的比喻形象有所差异，但 比喻意义基本一致。如：
(3).汉语成语原本是翻译的产物，因此 可直接以英语成语回译。如：
字面意义和蕴含意义基本一致
直接以英语成语回译
➢以眼还眼an eye for an eye ➢君子协定a gentlemens’agreement ➢武装到牙齿armed to the teeth ➢七上八下 at sixes and sevens ➢乳臭未干 be wet behind the ears ➢横行霸道throw one’s weight about ➢大发雷霆 blow one’s top ➢过河拆桥 kick down the ladder ➢洗心革面 turn over a new leaf
二，译成英语的肯定句 人民军队离不开人民，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。 The people is to the people’s army what water is to fish. 我年轻的日子已经一去不返。 Gone are the days when I was young. 谅你不敢再这么干。 Do that again if you dare. 你借钱给那个无赖，就是把钱丢在海里。 You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to that rascal. 女孩未出嫁，是颗无价宝珠。 A girl before marriage is a precious pearl.
4.加注法:在译文中添加读者理解成语所需的文化信息 和背景知识，其特点在于既能保留成语的比喻形象和 文化蕴涵，又能确保译文容易为译语读者所理解接受。 汉语中成语多典故，蕴含丰富的文化信息，这类适合 用加注法。如：
“难道这也是个痴丫头，又像颦儿来葬花不成？”因 又自笑道：“若真也葬花，可谓东施效颦了；不但不 为新奇，而且更是可厌。”
“Can this be another absurd maid come to buryflowers like Daiyu?”he wondered in some amusement .“If so,she’s Dongshi was imitating Xishi,(Xishi was a famous beauty in the ancient kindom of Yue .Dongshi was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her way)which isn’t original but rather tiresome.”
2.意译法：一般为了确保译文读者准确理解成语意义，常采用意译手法。 缺点：难以保全成语的文化特色和具体形象。优点：能简洁明快地反映出 成语的喻意。例;
▪ 手忙脚乱in a frantic rush ▪ 立竿见影get instant results ▪ 噤若寒蝉keep quiet ▪ 明火执仗do evil things openly ▪ 牵肠挂肚be full of anxiety and worry ▪ 快马加鞭speed up ▪ 藕断丝连have not cut off relations completely ▪ 五光十色multicolored ▪ 归心似箭be very anxious to return home ▪ 鸡毛蒜皮trifling ▪ 开门见山come straight to the point ▪ 狗急跳墙do something desperate ▪ 黔驴技穷at one’s wits’end ▪ 单枪匹马all by oneself ▪ 生龙活虎bursting with energy
分类——三字成语、四字成语、多字成语
成语的英译策略
方法：直译法、意译法、套译法、加注法、增译法 例： ⒈直译法：在不违背译文语言规范，不引起错误联想 的前提下，译者在英译汉语成语时可采用直译法
如鱼得水feel just like fish in water 临阵磨枪sharpen one’s spear only before going battle 狐假虎威the fox borrows the tiger’s terror 一寸光阴一寸金an inch of time is an inch of gold 谋事在人成事在天man proposes .god disposes
也是该语言修辞成分和文化积淀的集中体现。在汉语中，成语多鲜明直观的 形象。如： 哀鸿遍野、笨鸟先飞、敝帚自珍、遍体鳞伤、滴水不漏 、风刀 霜剑、 见风使舵、顺水推舟、芒刺在背、趋之若鹜等。在汉语中，成语多历 史典故和民间传说。如：司空见惯、问鼎中原、单刀赴会、塞翁失马、伯乐 相马、邯郸学步、沉鱼落雁、一枕黄粱、此地无银三百两、不为五斗米折腰、 成也萧何败也萧何等。在汉语中，成语多结构对称，音韵协调。如：春花秋 月、龙腾虎跃、山明水秀、丰衣足食、欢天喜地、日月积累、风风雨雨、三 三两两、熙熙攘攘、双宿双飞、平起平坐、一心一意、心服口服、云里雾里、 十年树木，百年树人等。
➢肉中刺a thorn in the flesh ➢混水摸鱼fish in troubled water ➢趁热打铁strike while the iron is hot ➢眼见为实seeing is believing ➢隔墙有耳walls have ears ➢自投罗网throw oneself into the trap ➢嗤之以鼻turn up one’s nose at ➢事实胜于雄辩facts speak louder than words ➢一触即发touch and go ➢空中楼阁castles in the air ➢充耳不闻turn a deaf ear to ➢熟能生巧practice makes perfect
希望本无所谓有，无所谓无。
Hope cannot be said to exist ,nor can it be said not to exit.
5.增译法：在译文中直接增补理解成语所需的相关信 息。如：
你这是在班门弄斧。
You’re showing off your proficiency with an axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter.
译者增译了showing off your proficiency ，点明了班门弄斧的 喻意，又增添了理解成语所需的背景知识，即鲁班是 一名master carpenter 。这样的处理方法既简单明快 又兼顾了意义的传达和文化交流。
三，将汉语的双重否定译成英语的双重否定
名不正则言不顺，言不顺则事不成。
If language is incorrect, then what is said does not concord with what was meant ;and if what is said does not concord with what was meant ,what is to be done cannot be effected.
汉英翻译
——成语与四字格的英译 —— 否定句的英译
成 成语与四字 四字格包括四字成语
语 格的关系
与
四 字
成语的定义、特征与分类
成语的英译
格
成语的应对策略 5种方法