肝阴虚证证候特点及辨证用药规律的文献研究

肝阴虚证证候特点及辨证用药规律的文献研究

作者：贾岚王蕾蕾孟靓

来源：《世界中医药》2020年第18期

摘要目的：为进一步深入研究和探讨肝阴虚证候的本质，本文分析和整理肝阴虚证的病因病机、证候表征、证候属性疾病及遣方选药的规律。方法：运用检索文献并进行频数统计的方法，检索查阅1960年9月1日至2019年1月10日中国知网中医临床研究文献。结果：肝阴虚证的病因病机为肝失疏泄，气机郁滞，化火伤阴，阴液亏虚，失于濡养;证候辨证要点主要为脉弦细数，舌红少津，头晕目眩，五心烦热，口咽干燥，两目干涩;证候临床属性疾病有肝炎、肝硬化、肝纤维化、肝癌;临床上治疗肝阴虚证使用处方主要为一贯煎、补肝汤、四物汤、芍药甘草汤，临床高频使用中药为生地黄、白芍、枸杞、当归、麦冬。结论：本文对于肝阴虚证的证候特点以及辨证用药规律做出系统的总结与归纳，将有关肝阴虚证的论述联系起来，形成统一的整体，为揭示肝阴虚证的本质与临床上形成较为成熟的肝阴虚证治疗方案提供参考。

关键词肝阴虚证;病因病机;证候表征;证候属性疾病;遣方选药;证候特点;臨床用药;文献综述

Abstract Objective：In order to further study and explore the nature of syndromes of liver-yin deficiency，this paper analyzes and sorts out the etiology，pathogenesis manifestations of syndromes，syndrome attribute diseases，and the law of drug and prescription of liver-yin deficiency.Methods：The literature were retrieved and frequency statistics were used to retrieve and review the Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Literature in CNKI from 1960 to 2019.Results：The etiology and pathogenesis of liver-yin deficiency syndrome were liver loss and dredging，qi stagnation，transforming into fire and damaging yin，deficiency of yin fluid，loss of maintenance; the main points of syndrome differentiation were the pulse string count，red tongue，little fluid，dizziness，five upsets，dry mouth，tongue，and eyes.Syndromes of clinical nature include hepatitis，cirrhosis，liver fibrosis，and liver cancer; The clinically used prescriptions for the treatment of liver-yin deficiency syndrome were mainly Yiguan Decoction，Bugan Decoction，Siwu Decoction，and Shaoyao Gancao Decoction.The high-frequency clinical use of Chinese medicines were Radix Rehmanniae，Radix Paeoniae Alba，Lyeium Chinense，Angelica Sinensis，Ophiopogon Japonicus.Conclusion：This paper systematically summarizes the characteristics of the syndromes of liver-yin deficiency syndromes and the rules of dialectical medication，and links the discussions on the syndromes of liver-yin deficiency syndromes to form a unified whole.It also provides a reference for revealing the essence of liver-yin deficiency syndrome and the clinically developed more mature treatment scheme for liver-yin deficiency syndrome.

Keywords Liver deficiency syndrome; Etiology and pathogenesis; Syndrome manifestation; Syndrome attribute disease; Prescriptions and Drug; Syndrome characteristics; Clinical medication; Literature review

中图分类号：R256.49文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2020.18.007

肝阴虚证是中医典型证候之一。肝阴，指肝的营血和阴液;虚，亏虚，损耗，肝的营血、阴液被损耗，导致肝脏的营血、阴液不能很好的滋养本脏，所以会出现一些相应的临床证状：形体消瘦、视物昏花、胁肋隐痛、口咽干燥、五心烦热等[1-2]。有研究显示，203种疾病在一定阶段都会出现肝阴虚证的临床表现的全部或部分症状，其中常见于肝病、糖尿病、高血压、眼病、围绝经期综合征等疾病[3]。根据异病同治的理论，当疾病的某一阶段出现了肝阴虚证，只要按照肝阴虚证的进行诊治即可获得疗效。本文以现代临床研究文献为依据，对肝阴虚证的病因病机、证候特点、治疗方药进行系统的梳理，以期形成较为成熟的肝阴虚证的诊疗方案，为科学的阐明肝阴虚证本质，为更好的指导临床用药提供依据。

1 资料与方法

1.1 文献来源中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）1960年9月1日至2019年1月10日。

1.2 检索策略以主题“肝阴虚”进行系统检索，排除会议论文及其他文献。