高考英语过去分词复习

高考英语过去分词复习

1) 过去分词的基本形式

过去分词的基本形式：“动词+ ed”，但也有不规则的形式（逐个记忆）。过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作，只有一种形式。

2) 过去分词的句法功能

过去分词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。

A．作定语

★作定语的过去分词如果是单个词，一般放在被修饰的词之前；过去分词短语作定语，则放在被修饰的词之后。

▪boiled water▪smoked ham▪oppressed people▪spoken English

▪There are many fallen leaved on the ground.

▪The Great Wall built about two thousand years ago is one of places of interest in Beijing.

▪Any medicine taken without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble.

★不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动的含义，只表示动作已完成。

▪fallen leaves▪returned students

作前置修饰语

分词作定语，修饰名词，可作前置修饰语和后置修饰语。前置修饰语可以是单个分词，也可以是分词与副词、形容词或名词后构成合成形容词。

1）Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists

The first textbook ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A have written

B to be written

C being written

D written

2）What’s the language ______ in Germany?

A speaking

B spoken

C be spoken

D to speak

3) Prices of daily goods ______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

A are bought

B bought

C been bought

D buying.

4) When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”

A read

B reads

C to read

D reading

分词作后置定语

一般情况下，分词短语作后置定语，单个分词极少用作后置修饰语。

1）Most

of the people

invited to the

party were

famous

scientists

A.invite

d

B.to be

invited

C,being

invited

D.have been

invited

2)The

first textbook

______ for

teaching

English as a

foreign

language came out in the 16th century.

A have written

B to be written

C being written

D written

3）What’s the language ______ in Germany?

A speaking

B spoken

C be spoken

D to speak

4) Prices of daily goods ______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

A are bought

B bought

C been bought

D buying.

5) When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”

A read

B reads

C to read

D reading

B．作表语

①过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态。

▪amazed▪astonished▪crowded▪delighted▪disappointed▪discouraged

▪drunk▪excited▪hurt▪interested▪married▪pleased

▪puzzled▪satisfied▪surprised▪tired▪upset▪worried ▪I was pleased at the news.

▪The door remained locked.

▪He looked very excited.

◆过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别

有些过去分词用作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动结构。一般说来with，at等介词多用于表语结构，by多用于被动结构.。