ing 形式作定语
动词ing形式的5种用法
动词ing形式的用法在英语中十分重要，它既可以作为动词，也可以作为名词使用，有5种常见的用法。
首先，作为动词，ing形式表示进行时，表示动作正在进行。
例如：“The children are playing in the park.”（孩子们正在公园里玩耍）。
其次，ing形式可以用作定语，修饰名词。
例如：“The interesting book is very popular.”（那本有趣的书很受欢迎）。
这里，“interesting”作为定语，修饰“book”。
第三，ing形式可以用作主语，尤其是表示抽象概念或行为时。
例如：“Reading is a good habit.”（阅读是个好习惯）。
这里，“Reading”作为主语，表示阅读这个行为。
第四，ing形式可以用作宾语，尤其是在描述某个行为或动作时。
例如：“I enjoy reading books.”（我喜欢阅读书籍）。
这里，“reading”作为宾语，表示阅读这个行为。
最后，ing形式还可以用作状语，表示动作的方式或时间。
例如：“He runs quickly.”（他跑得很快）。
这里，“quickly”作为状语，表示跑的方式。
又如：“Coming home after work, he found his cat asleep.”（下班回家后，他发现他的猫在睡觉）。
这里，“coming home”作为状语，表示时间。
总的来说，动词ing形式的5种用法让英语的表达更加丰富和灵活。
掌握这些用法不仅能够帮助我们更好地理解英语句子，还能够让我们更准确地使用英语表达自己的意思。
在学习的过程中，多多练习和实践是非常重要的。
作定语的非谓语动词
“作定语的非谓语动词”面面观非谓语动词主要包括-ing形式、过去分词和不定式。
它们不能在句子中作谓语,而是担任其它语法功能。
它们不受句子中主语的人称和数的影响。
非谓语动词具有动词特征(有时态和语态的变化形式),又具有名词、形容词或副词的特征(在句中作主语、定语或状语等)。
下面就其作定语的常见考点进行分类和归纳。
一、-ing形式作定语-ing形式在句中做定语时有两种情况。
1.-ing形式和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系,表示这个名词(人或物)的动作或状态,相当于一个定语从句。
如:These dancing girls (= these girls who are dancing) are from my class.正在跳舞的这些女孩是我班上的。
We should show respect for the working people (= the people who work).我们应该尊重劳动人民。
At 11 o’clock，please find the waiting bus (the bus which is waiting) atthe entrance.十一点钟时,请在入口处找等候的公共汽车。
注意:①表示现在(或当时)的状态,变为定语从句时常用一般时态。
The temple standing (=which/that stands) on the top of the hill was built in the Ming Dynasty.坐落在山顶上的那个寺庙建于明朝。
②表示正在进行的动作,变为定语从句时要用进行时态。
Do you see the woman talking to (=who/that is talking to) the secretary？你看见那位和秘书谈话的妇女了吗?The song being broadcast (=which/that is being broadcast) is very popularwith the young students.正在播放的那首歌深受青年学生的欢迎。
doing做定语和宾语补足语和表语
The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
A • 1. The ____ boy was last seen___near the East Lake.(2000Shanghai) • A. missing, playing B. missing, play • C. missing, played D. missed, to play • 2. Do you know the boy____ D under the big tree. • A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying • 3. Seeing the sun___ above the surface of the sea, C we let out a shout of joy. • A. to rise B. to raise C. rising D. raising C • 4. _____ the last bus means walking home. • A. Miss B. missed C. Missing D. If missing
18.star in
• • • • • • star in 在……主演；担任主角 She is to star in a new film. 她将主演一部新影片。 [重点用法] star短语： star sb (in sth.) 使某人担任主角；由某人主演 1). Ben Kingsley ________ ________ the film “Gandhi”. • 2). The director wanted to star Michael Caine ________ (介词) his new film. • Keys: 1). starred in 2). in
动词的ing形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语讲解学习
动词的i n g形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job)她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词）The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令困惑。
3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)二、动词-ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
动词的ing形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语
动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job)她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词）The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令困惑。
3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing 形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night 的逻辑主语是her)二、动词-ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题2 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。
动词ing形式作定语和表语
动词ing形式作定语和表语动词ing形式作定语和表语知识点包括v．ing形式、v.ing作定语、v.ing作表语等部分，有关动词ing形式作定语和表语的详情如下：v．ing形式v．ing形式分为动名词和现在分词两类。
动名词兼有动词和名词的特征，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。
v.ing作定语1．动名词作定语动名词作定语表示名词的属性或事物的用途，且只能作前置定语。
如：No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.在阅览室里任何人不得大声说话。
There is a swimming pool in our school.我们学校有一个游泳池。
The father is busy in making a walking stick for his son whose leg is broken.那位父亲正在为腿骨折的儿子做拐杖。
2．现在分词作定语现在分词可以作前置定语，也可以作后置定语，表示正在进行的动作或某种状态。
单个现在分词作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之前；现在分词短语作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之后。
如：He saw a flying bird.他看到一只飞鸟。
The glow of the setting sun is splendid；it is a pity that dusk isfast approaching.夕阳无限好，只是近黄昏。
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.正与老师讲话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
注意：在下列情况中不能用动词的ing形式作定语，必须使用定语从句：(1)作定语的v.ing形式表示的动作与主句谓语的动作不是同时发生，要使用定语从句。
例如：The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.(×)The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.(√)昨天来的教授将给我们讲课。
动词的ing形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语
动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1。
表示主语的内容，可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job）她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2。
表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词)The problem is quite puzzling。
这个问题很令困惑。
3。
常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing，amusing, confusing, disappointing，boring，encouraging, inspiring，moving，tiring，interesting，surprising等。
全析提示：动词—ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的—ing 形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night。
(staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)二、动词—ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题2 作定语的动词—ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面，做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。
动词ing形式作定语和状语
动词-ing形式作定语【归纳】★单个的动词-ing形式作定语常位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰成分的性质或用途，也可以表示被修饰成分的动作或状态。
如：The experiment was an amazing success.You can find Jennifer in the reading room.Children in many developing countries can't get basic medical care.They quickly moved the sleeping man out of the prison.★动词-ing形式还可用在名词后作定语，作用相当于一个定语从句。
如：The village is made up of 490 families belonging (= who belong) to five nationalities. Do you know the woman talking (= who is talking) to Jim?【拓展】动词-ing形式的被动式（being done）也可作定语，表示正在发生的被动动作。
如：We must keep the things being discussed a secret.I knew nothing about the experiment being performed there.动词-ing形式作状语【归纳】★动词-ing形式可作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果或伴随情况等，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致，动词-ing形式所表示的动作与主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
如：Hearing the news, we all jumped with joy.Working hard, you'll certainly make your dream come true.Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note.Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by the boy alone.Her husband died in 1960, leaving her with five children.The little girl was lying in bed crying.★动词-ing形式的一般式所表示的动作常与谓语动作同时发生，其完成式（having done）所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。
ing做定语
2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修 饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当 于一个定语从句。 -ing形式表示 “......的” 意思, 叫现在分词。如：
They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。
Anybody swimming in this river will be fined. = Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined. 在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被 罚款。
3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语， 相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时， 它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。
汉译英 1.写字台
a writing desk=a desk for writing
2.阅览室
a reading room=a room for reading
3.一个惊人的结果
a surprising result=a result that is surprising
4.站在那儿的那个人是我的一个同学。
动词的ing形式做定语讲解与练习
动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词,在英语中使用极其广泛,同时也是高考中的重要考点,因此要求每位高中学生对其都应清楚了解并正确运用。
下面就动词的-ing形式在句中做定语总结如下:动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语,常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。
如:1.He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。
2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
3.A little child learning to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
4.Do you know the number of people coming to the party?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗?注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。
如:1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.→A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday.一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。
2.The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
-ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考查,即:1)说明被修饰词的性质,特征或用途。
如:1.They set up an operating table in a small temple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。
2.He may be in the reading room, for all I know.他说不定在阅览室里。
动词的ing形式做定语
动词的ing形式做定语动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词，在英语中使用极其广泛，同时也是高考中的重要考点，因此要求每位高中学生对其都应清楚了解并正确运用。
下面就动词的-ing形式在句中做定语总结动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语，常放在被修饰词前做前置定语；如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语，常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。
如：He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。
He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
A little child learning to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
Do you know the number of people coming to the party？你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？注意：当-ing形式做后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句。
如：A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday. →A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday. 一位写小说的青年来向我们作报告。
The girl sitting next to me was my cousin. →The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
-ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考查，即：1)说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途。
如：They set up an operating table in a small temple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。
He may be in the reading room，for all I know.他说不定在阅览室里。
动词ing形式做定语
正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁？
３ ） 有些 一 ｉ ｎ ｇ形式已经转 化成形容词 ， 常做定语用来修饰物 ， 表示“ 令 人……” 。 常用 的此 类词有 ： ｅ ｘ ｃ ｉ ｔ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ａ ｍｕ ｓ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ａ ｍａ ｚ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ａ ｓ ｔ ｏ ｎ ｉ ｓ ｈ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ｓ ｈ ｏ ｃ ｋ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ｐ ｕ ｚ ｚ ｌ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ｃ ｏ ｎ ｆ ｕ ｓ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ｄ ｉ ｓ ａ ｐ ｐ ｏ ｉ ｎ ｔ ｉ ｎ ｇ 。 ｄ ｉ ｓ —
永 ｌ ｓ ｅ ｎ ． ０ ｒ Ｈ ｌ ｇ ｈ Ｓ ｃ ｈ 。 。 Ｉ Ｅ ｄ ｉ ｔ ｉ 。 ｎ 口 语 法 点 击
ｌ ｌ Ｉ … ｎ ｔ Ｉ ｌ Ｉ ｌ ＿ ＿ Ｉ Ｉ ｌ Ｉ ｉ ｍ ｉ ｉ ｌ ｎ — Ｕ Ｕ ｌ ｍ ｌ …
ｃ ｏ ｕ ｒ ａ ｇ ｉ ｎ ｇ， ｐ ｌ ｅ ａ ｓ ｉ ｎ ｇ， ｓ ｔ ｒ ｉ ｋ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ｂ ｏ ｉ ｒ ｎ ｇ， ｔ ｉ ｉｎ ｒ ｇ， ｔ ｏ ｕ ｃ ｈ ｉ ｎ ｇ， ｍｏ ｖ ｉ ｎ ｇ， ｉ ｎ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｅ ｓ ｔ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ｓ ａ ｔ ｉ ｓ ｆ ｙ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ｔ ｅ ｒ ｒ ｉ ｆ ｙ ｉ ｎ ｇ ， ｆ ｒ ｉ ｇ ｈ ｔ
ｅ ｎ ｉ ｎ ｇ等 。如 ： １ ． Ｔ ｈ ａ ｔ ｍｕ ｓ ｔ ｈ ａ ｖ ｅ ｂ ｅ ｅ ｎ ａ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｒ ｉ ｆ ｙ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｅ ｘ ｐ ｅ ｉ ｒ ｅ ｎ ｃ ｅ ． 那准 时一 段 可怕 的经 历 。
注意 ： 当一 ｉ ｎ ｇ形式 做后 置定 语 时 。 可 以相 当于相 应 的定语 从旬 。如 ：
１ ． Ａ ｙ ｏ ｕ ｎ ｇ ｍａ ｎ ｗｒ ｉ ｔ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｎ ｏ ｖ ｅ ｌ ｓ ｃ ａ ｍｅ ｔ ｏ ｓ ｐ ｅ ａ ｋ ｔ ｏ Ｕ Ｓ ｙ ｅ ｓ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｄ ａ ｙ ．
动词ing做定语句子
动词ing做定语句子
1. The smiling girl sitting there is my sister. （你看那个坐在那儿微笑着的女孩，那不就是我妹妹嘛！）
2. The crying baby woke me up. （哎呀，那个正在哭的宝宝把我给吵醒啦！）
3. The running dog is so cute. （那只正在跑的小狗好可爱哟！）
4. The dancing children are full of energy. （正在跳舞的孩子们真是精力满满呀！）
5. The singing bird in the tree makes a beautiful sound. （树上那只正在唱歌的鸟儿发出了美妙的声音呢。
）
6. The cooking mom is making delicious food. （正在做饭的妈妈在做美味的食物呀！）
7. The laughing man over there is my father. （那边那个正在大笑的男人就是我爸爸呀！）
8. The writing student is concentrating on his work. （那个正在写作的学生正专注于他的作业呢！）
9. The working people are building our city. （正在工作的人们在建设我们的城市啊！）
观点结论：这些动词 ing 做定语的句子是不是很生动形象，让我们能一下子就感受到所描述的场景和人物呀！。
ing作后置定语的用法
ing作后置定语的用法
ing作后置定语是指动词的现在分词形式（-ing形式）用来修饰一个名词，位于这个名词的后面，起到定语的作用。
一般来说，ing作后置定语的情况有以下几种：
1.表示被修饰名词的用途或功能：例如，“a swimming pool”（游泳池）中的swimming修饰pool，表示这个池子是用来游泳的。
2.表示被修饰名词的来源或材料：例如，“a running shoe”（跑鞋）中的running修饰shoe，表示这双鞋是用于跑步的。
3.表示被修饰名词的特征或状态：例如，“a glowing sun”（闪耀的太阳）中的glowing修饰sun，表示太阳正在发光。
4.表示被修饰名词的动作或行为：例如，“a sleeping baby”（正在睡觉的宝宝）中的sleeping修饰baby，表示宝宝正在睡觉。
通过后置定语-ing形式，可以让句子更具描述性和生动性。
需要注意的是，ing作后置定语时，一般与所修饰的名词存在动宾关系，即ing形式表示的动作或状态与名词之间有一定的关联。
Ing形式作定语的应用与解析
指动词的-ing形式，包括现在分词和动名词，具有动词的特征，同时也可以作为形容词或名 词使用。
特点
具有动态、进行或主动的含义，可以表达正在进行的动作或状态，以及主动或被动的意义。
Ing形式作定语的语法功能
修饰名词
Ing形式可以直接修饰名词，表示 该名词的特征、性质或状态。
构成复合结构
Ing形式可以与其他词构成复合结 构，如“a sleeping baby”（一
正在跑步的人。
VS
表示用途或功能
ing形式作定语还可以表示名词的用 途或功能。例如，"a sleeping bag"
表示用于睡觉的袋子。
修饰代词的用法
强调动作的执行者
当ing形式修饰代词时，通常强调该代词所代表的人或物正在执行某种动作。例如， "Someone is knocking at the door. Who is it?"中的"it"可以用"the person knocking" 来修饰，强调敲门的人。
表示动作的结果或目的
ing形式作定语还可以表示动作的结果或目的。例如，"The machine broke down, causing a lot of trouble." 中的"causing"表示机器出故障导致了很多麻烦。
修饰整个句子的用法
表示背景或情境
当ing形式修饰整个句子时，通常表示该句子所描述的动作或状态发生的背景或情境。 例如，"Walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower."中的"Walking in the park" 表示我在公园里散步时看到了美丽的花。
ing做定语 例句
ing做定语例句使用-ing作为定语的例句:1. The running water in the stream was crystal clear. (河中流淌的水清澈透明)2. The smiling children played happily in the park. (笑着的孩子们在公园里开心玩耍)3. The shining stars in the sky were breathtakingly beautiful. (天空中闪耀的星星令人惊叹美丽)4. The bustling streets of New York City never sleep. (纽约市繁华的街道从未停歇)5. The barking dog next door kept me awake all night. (隔壁的狗叫声让我整夜未眠)6. The growing population of the city is causing traffic congestion. (城市不断增长的人口正在导致交通拥堵)7. The burning sun in the sky made the desert landscape even more desolate. (天空中炙烤的太阳让沙漠景观更加荒凉)8. The chirping birds in the trees provided a beautiful soundtrack to the morning. (树上鸟儿的鸣叫为清晨提供了美妙的音乐)9. The rustling leaves in the autumn breeze created a relaxing atmosphere. (秋风中沙沙作响的落叶营造出轻松的氛围) 10. The sparkling snow on the ground created a winterwonderland. (地上闪烁的雪花创造了冬季仙境)。
动词ing形式做定语
动词ing形式做定语动词ing 形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词，在英语中使用极其广泛，同时也是高考中的重要考点，因此要求每位高中学生对其都应清楚了解并正确运用.下面就动词的-ing形式在句中做定语总结如下：动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语，常放在被修饰词前做前置定语；如果是动词的—ing形式的短语做定语，常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。
如：1。
He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。
2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题.3.A little child learning to walk often falls。
学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
4。
Do you know the number of people coming to the party？你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句。
如：1。
A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday。
→A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday。
一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。
2. The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
—ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考查，即：1) 说明被修饰词的性质,特征或用途。
如：1。
They set up an operating table in a small temple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。
2。
He may be in the reading room，for all I know.他说不定在阅览室里.3。
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-ing 形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语的用法李笑寒学习材料一、v-ing形式作定语1. 单个v-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能。
如：building materials= materials for building 建筑材料drinking water= water for drinking 饮用水a walking stick= a stick for walking 手杖a reading room= a room for reading 阅览室a writing desk= a desk for writing 写字台2. 说明名词的动作，特征或性质，v-ing 与名词之间是逻辑上的主动关系，可转化为定语从句。
a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleepinga drinking horse= a horse which is drinkinga dancing girl= a girl who is dancingThe man standing there is Peter’s father.= The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.They lived in a room facing the street.= They lived in a room that faces the street.3.v-ing形式作定语，看作是形容词，常翻译为“令人……的”。
a boring speech= a speech that is boringa surprising result= a result that is surprising一个惊人的结果4. v-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。
如：His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.= His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。
The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.= The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。
二、v-ing形式作宾语补足语1. v-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，对宾语进行解释说明，与宾语是逻辑上的主动关系：When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance.当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。
We found the snake eating the eggs.我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。
I found a bag lying on the ground.我发现地板上放着一个包。
2. 能用v-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。
如：We heard a girl singing in the next room.I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.Can you smell anything burning?As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.Listen to the birds singing.I didn’t notice him waiting.2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。
如：I won’t have you doing that.This set me thinking.I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.I can’t get the clock going again.You won’t catch me doing that again.你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。
3. see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词原型作宾语补足语的区别：①前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。
如:We passed by the classroom and sawthe teacher making the experiment.我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。
（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）We sat there and watched the teacher make the experiment.我们坐在那看老师做实验。
（一直在看老师作实验）②如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作，而-ing形式则表示反复动作。
如：We heard the door slam.We heard the door slamming.三、v-ing形式作表语v-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。
如：Her hobby is painting.她的业余爱好是画画。
My job is looking after the children.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。
His concern for his mother is most touching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。
Explain the following phrases in simple English.Choose the suitable words from the box below and fill in the blanks in the correct form. astonish, depress，play, do,ride, amuse, bark, welcome1. I can’t imagine Billy ______ a motorbike.2. Did you hear the dog downstairs _______?3. Frank is very good at telling funny jokes. He can be very ________.4. You can’t stop me _____ what I want.5. He gave me a _________ hug when he met me at the airport.6. Jim has really learnt very fast. She has made __________ progress.7. It’s been raining all day. This weather is __________.8. When I came out of the theatre, I noticed a group of children _______ musical instruments across the street.Please read the sentences carefully, trying to pick out the errors and then correct them.1. I am looking forward to visit Charlie Chaplin Museum in Switzerland next week.2. Many people still enjoy seeing Charlie Chaplin’s silent films.3. Charlie’s nonverbal humor often makes peo ple bursting into laughter.4. We are all fond of Charlie’s early films, which we think are more interested.5. I missed to see the beginning of the film City Lights the other day.6. I wouldn’t mind to see The Gold Rush again with you tonight.7. Ch arlie’s job was entertain people, wasn’t he?从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. He looked around and caught a man _______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. (北京春)A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting2. The manager, _____ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room. (江西)A. who has madeB. having madeC. madeD. making3. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.—Sorry. With so much work ___ my mind, I almost break down.(福建)A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled4. Peter received a letter just now _______ his grandma would come to see him soon. (四川)A. saidB. sayC. sayingD. to say5. I smell something _______ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (全国卷I)A. burningB. burntC. being burntD. to be burnt6. It is believed that if a book is _______, it will surely _______ the reader. (上海)A. interested; interestB. interesting; be interestedC. interested; be interestingD. interesting; interestExercisesPoint out the usage of the –ing form.1. Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin, bumping into someone else round a corner, or falling down a hole in the road?sliding, bumping, falling2. He became famous for using a particular form of acting, including mime and farce.using 作介词for的_____including作______3. …But he was lived by all who watched the films for his determination in overcoming difficulties and being kind even when people were unkind to him.overcoming作___________4. That was the problem facing Charlie Chaplin in one of his most famous films.facing 作____5. He loved it by using nonverbal humor.using 作________6. Their job is “panning for gold”.panning 作________7. Finally he tries cutting and eating the bottom of the shoe.cutting, eating 作______。