Book 7_U4_语法
七年级上册u4知识点归纳
七年级上册u4知识点归纳七年级上册U4单元主要讲解了有关动词的时态和语态的知识。
下面将对此单元的重要知识点进行归纳总结。
一、动词时态动词的时态指的是表示时间的一种语法形式,主要有以下几种:1. 现在时态表示现在正在进行或经常发生的动作或状态。
例如:- I am reading a book.(我正在看书。
)- The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。
)2. 过去时态表示过去已经完成或发生的动作。
例如:- She watched a movie yesterday.(昨天她看了一部电影。
)- He went to Japan last year.(他去年去了日本。
)3. 将来时态表示将来将要发生的动作或状态。
例如:- I will meet my friend tomorrow.(我明天会见我的朋友。
)- They will visit the museum next week.(他们下周会参观博物馆。
)4. 现在进行时态表示现在正在进行的动作。
例如:- They are playing soccer.(他们正在踢足球。
)- He is eating lunch right now.(他正在吃午餐。
)5. 过去进行时态表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
例如:- She was studying at that time.(那时候她正在学习。
)- He was watching TV when I arrived.(我到的时候他正在看电视。
)6. 现在完成时态表示动作已经完成但影响现在或与现在有关。
例如:- They have finished their homework.(他们完成了作业。
)- He has lost his key.(他丢了钥匙。
)7. 过去完成时态表示过去某一时刻之前已经完成或发生的动作。
例如:- I had finished my work before you came.(你来之前我已经完成了我的工作。
book7-unit4-Language-Points-语言点教学内容
5. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students,most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.
relevant adj. 与……有关
3. Many of them have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get to school. (L11,P29)
① I can take up to four people in my car. 我的车能载4个人。
② What is he up to? 他在忙什么?
__fr_ie_n__d_s_. ______________________________
2. I know you're dying to hear all about my life here.
(be) dying to do / for sth 极想;渴望
die 过去式_d__ie_d__ 过去分词_d_i_e_d_ 现在分词_d__y_in_g
book7-unit4-LanguagePoints-语言点
二、短语翻译: 1. hear from 2. (be) dying to 3. the other day 4. dry out 5. dry up 6. in need
三、课前预习,从课文找出下列短语。
1. 多达,达到
2. 适应
3. 肯定,确切的
4. 对…没有概念
5. 遇到,看到
6. 老实说
7. 对…有影响/作用 8. 与…分享
高中英语人教版选修七U4课文知识点讲解与练习
⾼中英语⼈教版选修七U4课⽂知识点讲解与练习7.选修七Unit4 A LETTER HOMEDear Rosemary,It was wonderful to hear from 收到来信you. I know you're dying to hear all about my life here, so I've included some photos which will help you2.You asked about my high school. Well, it's a bush school –the classrooms are made of bamboo and the roofs of grass. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track. When I reach the school grounds ,there are lots of "good mornings" for me from the boys. Many of them have walked a long way, sometimes up to 多达;取决于two hours, to get to school.be made of 相关短语及区分be made of和be made from都表⽰“由……制成”,主语为制成品。
be made of 表⽰制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么,保留原材料的质和形状,制作过程仅发⽣物理变化。
The table is made of wood.be made from 表⽰制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,或原材料在制作过程中发⽣化学变化,在成品中已⽆法辨认。
The wine is made from grapes.be made with 指“制作中⽤了什么东西”Roujiamo is made with pork.be made up of 由……构成;由……组成Our class is made up of 24 students.in good conditionin a good state3.There's no electricity电or water and even no textbooks either! I'm still trying to adapt to适应these conditions条件. However, one thing is for sure 确定, I've become more imaginative in my teaching. Science ismy most challenging subjectdoing experiments. In fact there is no equipment, and if I need water ,I have to carry it from my house in a bucket! The other day ⼏天之前I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture 混合物was bubbling over everywhere! The boysjumping out of the windows. Sometimes I wonder how relevant相关的;有价值的chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. To be honest, I doubt whetherTo be honest=Honestly speakingTo be frank=Frankly speaking4.You asked whether I'm getting to know any local people. Well,that's actually quite difficult as I don't speak much of the local Englishdid visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe. It was my first visit to a remote 偏远的village. We walked for two and a half hours toget there - first up a mountain to aridgeviews and then down a steep path to the valley below. When we arrived at the village, Tombe's mother, Kiak, who had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying "ieee ieee". We shook hands with all the villagers. Everyone seemed to be a relative of Tombe's.pay a visit to“介词+关系副词”引导定语从句在“介词+关系词”型定语从句中,关系词常为which和whom。
book7 unit4单词
unit2 1. convey sth. to sb. 把…传达给某人convey one’s feelings/ideas/emotions表达思想感情your luggage will be conveyed to the hotel by taxi.出租车会将你的行李送到酒店2. sth. run out 用光,耗尽sb.run out of sth.用完run across偶然遇到run into 偶然遇到,撞到run after追赶,追逐3. 11 players make up a team. 组成she is making up.化妆can you make up a story?编制编造hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.弥补does early rising make up for good health?促成a football team is made up of 11 players.由…组成make out辨认出,懂得,了解4, tease sb. about sth. 取笑,招惹戏弄laugh at make fun of play a trick on5.be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎6. stay up late 熬夜7. in particular=particularly特别,尤其8.contradictory statement, reports. 相互矛盾的,对立的be ~to sth.同某事相矛盾,与某是相反be in contradiction with 与…相矛盾9.our plans are flexible 灵活的 a flexible character 柔顺的性格flexible plastic有弹性的10.pattern模式,模范,典型,形式图案,花样patterns of behavior 行为方式11.transform…into…把…转化成….,把….改造成…..12. be appropriate for/to…对…适合it is ~that…(should)…….是合适的13. in exchange for 作为对…的交换have/make a ex change of…交换…exchange a for b 把a兑换成b ~ sth. with sb.与某人交流、交换某物14. try out 测试,试验try on 试穿try for力争赢得try out for 参加…的选拔15. let out 发出(喊叫),放走,泄露she let out a scream. don’t let out the plan.let in 漏水,欺骗let off 使爆炸,宽恕 let alone 不打扰,更不用说let down把…放下,使…失望16.load n.负荷,负担 a load of=loads of+可数、不可数take a load off sb’s mind如释重负load+人、车辆with sth. load sth into/onto+容器load sb. down 使某人过重负担,使某人携带过多东西be loaded with充满着,充斥着your paper is loaded with spelling mistakes17.hold a view/idea/opinio n that… 持有观点、建议、看法、信念hold on 等会儿(在困难中)坚持下去hold on to 紧紧抓住(抱住),守住,保住hold up 支撑,(常用被动)使耽搁,使推迟we’re held up by bad weather.hold back(sb./sth)阻止,阻挡,隐满,控制情感hold back one’s tearshold out 伸出手,(供给品等)维持,持续。
人教版选修7Unit4Sharing重点短语句型及语法
人教版选修7Unit4Sharing重点短语句型及语法Book7 Unit 4必背句型1:1.It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track. (It takes sb. sth. to do…)相似句:The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. 眼睛需要时间来调整适应。
2.The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, themixture was bubbling over everywhere!(was/were doing…when…正在做…突然…;before还没来得及) 仿写:They were shopping when the hotel opposite the street fell down.他们正逛街突然对面酒店倒塌了。
The ruins fell onto them before they could fled from the spot.他们还没来得及跑出现场,废墟就砸他们身上了。
3.There was a newly made platform (for Jenny and me)to sleep on.新做了一个平台,是让我和珍妮睡觉用的。
(to sleep on作定语,与所修饰的platform有动宾关系,不能省略on, 不定式前有for sb, 可知是主动的)必背短语1:1.work as 充当;担任;担任…的工作→近义短语:serve as/ act as2.take photos of / take a photo of 给…拍照3.hear from 收到…的来信hear about 听到;得知;了解4.be dying to do渴望做;极想做→be eager/desperate/thirsty/greedy to do→long/desire to do →have a strong desire to dobe dying/eager/desperate/thirsty/greedy for sth. →long for→have a strong for 极想/渴望得到…5.be made of/from由…制成be made up of由…组成be made in在…制造6.up to 多达;直到;胜任;由…负责7.adapt to 适应→adjust to →make an adjustment to (作出调整以)适应adapt oneself to (使自己)适应= adjust oneself to (调整自己以)适应8.for sure 确定的(地);确切的(地)9.the other day 不久前的一天(典型的一般过去时的时间状语)/doc/692682126.html,e across (偶然)遇见;(偶然)碰到→run into11.be relevant to 与…相关;与…密切相关12.make a difference (to…)对…有影响;有所作为13.shake hands with 和…握手14.get through 通过;度过;完成;接通(电话等)15.participate in→take part in /join in16.dry out (指浸水等之物)变干;干透(become empty of water; to become completely dry)dry up (指河流、井、食物等)干涸(to become completely dry; to come to an end)dry off (使) 变干;使干透,弄干(to become dry on the surface) 课文词块翻译1:1.have no concept of doing experiments 没有做实验的概念2.to be honest 老实说;说实话3.build a fire 生火4.covered the vegetables with banana leaves 用香蕉叶盖住蔬菜5.with grass sticking out of the roof 茅草伸出屋顶必背句型2:1.The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards thelives of people who really need it.(not…but…并列连词,连接并列的结构,连接并列主语时,谓语动词与就近的主语保持一致;此句中含有三个定语从句)仿写:Such is life. The one who I loved didn’t love me while I didn’t love the one who loved me.人生如此奇妙。
期末复习人教版英语七年级下册单元重点知识点语法汇总
人教版七年级下册-单元重点语法汇总U1情态动词can的用法can是情态动词,意为“能,会”,表示某人或某物具备的能力,还可用来提出请求,没有人称和数的变化,后面直接接动词原形。
下面学习情态动词can的常见用法。
1.表示“能力”,意为“能,会”。
例句:I can speak English.我会讲英语。
2.表示“请求”或“许可”。
例句:Can you help me with my Chinese?你能帮我学汉语吗?You can go to the park after you finish your homework.你做完作业后可以去公园。
3.含有情态动词can的肯定句变否定句时,需在can后加not,其缩写形式为can’t;变疑问句时,情态动词can直接放在句首,构成一般疑问句。
例句:I can sing English songs.我会唱英文歌。
(肯定句)→I can’t sing English songs.我不会唱英文歌。
(否定句)Yao Ming can play basketball.姚明会打篮球。
→Can Yao Ming play basketball?姚明会打篮球吗?(一般疑问句)4.对Can…问句的回答可以用下面几种形式:对询问能力的问句的回答可以说“Yes,…can.”或“No,…can’t.”,表示对能力的肯定或否定;对表示请求的问句的回答可以说“OK./All right.”,表示同意对方的请求。
也可用certainly或sorry来回答。
用certainly作肯定回答,语气更肯定;用sorry作否定回答,语气则更委婉、客气。
例句:—Can you speak English?你会说英语吗?—Yes,I can.是的,我会。
—Can I see your pencil-box,please?请问,我可以看一下你的铅笔盒吗?—All right./Certainly.Here you are.可以。
B7U4复习案 学生版(柯寒梅) 3
Book7 Unit4 Period 3 Revision编写人:程晓燕柯寒梅高双审核人:余松佑审批人:徐金枝Learning goals:Revise the following points by cooperating.Words: relevant, adjust, otherwise, donate, purchase, distribute, operatePhrases: hear from, be dying to, the other day, participate in, dry out, dry up, in needGrammar: Revise the Attributive Clause (restrictive)Important and difficult points: the Attributive Clause (restrictive)训练案一、单词互译1、adj. 泥泞的→n.. 泥土2、vt. 捐赠→n. 捐赠3、adj. 有关的;切题的→________adj. 无关的;不切题的4、vt.& vi.调整;(使)适合→adj. 可调整的→______n. 调整;调节;适应5、adj. 软的;柔软的;(指声音)轻柔的;低声的→adv. 柔软的;轻柔的;柔和的6、vi. 参与;参加→n. 参与;参加7、_________ n. 安全;保护;保障→__________ adj. 安全的8、n. 安排;排列→vt.. 安排;排列9、__________ adj. 财务的;金融的;财政的→________ n. 财政;资金10、adj. 自愿的;志愿的;无偿的→n.志愿者;义工11、__________ vt. 分配;分发→__________ n. 分配;分发;分布状态12. __________n. 种子;萌芽→________ n. 秧苗;树苗13. __________ n. 矩形;长方形→__________adj. 长方形的;矩形的14. __________ adj. 政治的;政党的→__________ n. 政治学15.________ vi. 工作;运转;做手术vt. 操作→_______ n. 操作;运转;经营;手术→_______ n. 接线员;操作员16. 观念;概念__________ 17. 遥远的;偏僻的__________ 18. 做口译的人_____________ 19. 否则,不然;用别的方法,其他方面____________ 20. 特权;特别优待_____________ 21.目录___________ 22. 买;购买________ 23. 裁缝;剪裁,缝制(衣服)____________ 24. fortnight n.__________ 25. platform n. ____________ 26. broom n.___________27. sniff vt/vi ____________ 28. grill n/vt _________ 29. paperwork n. ____________30. comb n/vi __________ 31. anniversary n. ____________ 32.angle n. ____________二、短语互译1. 收到…的来信_________2. 极想,渴望___________3. 偶然遇到或发现,碰到_________4. 老实说,说实话______5. (使浸水等物)完全变干,干透______6. 不久前的一天__________7.伸出___________8. (指河流井等)干涸_________9. 参与,参加___________ 10.对…有些影响或作用______________ 11.在困难中,在危急中___________ 12. 与…有关_____________ 13. 调整,(使)适应……___________ 14. get through ______________ 15. go hungry_______16. up to____________ 17. for sure ____________18. find out ___________ 19. have no opportunity to do ___________三、默写原句1. I know you ________________ all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos____________________ the places I talk about. (dying, picture)我知道你急于了解我这儿的生活,我在信中附有几张照片,能够帮你想象出我所谈到的地方。
柯林斯词典版—人教版高中英语选修7U4词汇表
M7 Unit41、airmail /ˈɛəˌmeɪl/ n. 航空邮件N-UNCOUNT Airmail is the system of sending letters, parcels, and goods by air. 航空邮递例: ...an airmail letter. …一封航空信。
2、△Papua 巴布亚新几内亚3、fortnight /ˈfɔːtˌnaɪt/n. 两星期(fortnights)N-COUNT A fortnight is a period of two weeks. 两周[英国英语]例:I hope to be back in a fortnight. 我希望两周后回来。
4、hear from 接到……的信5、(be) dying to 极想;渴望6、roof /ruːf/ n. 屋顶;车顶(roofs)1、N-COUNT The roof of a building is the covering on top of it that protects the people and things inside from the weather. 屋顶例:...a small stone cottage with a red slate roof. …一座有一个红石板屋顶的小石屋。
2、N-COUNT The roof of a car or other vehicle is the top part of it, which protects passengers or goods from the weather. (车的) 顶篷例:The car rolled onto its roof, trapping him. 那辆小汽车翻了个底朝天,把他困在里面。
3、N-COUNT The roof of your mouth is the highest part of the inside of your mouth. 上腭例:She clicked her tongue against the roof of her mouth. 她用舌头抵着上腭发出咔哒声。
人教版book7 Unit4 words
• In summer, water the plants regularly dry out and never let the soil _______.
• at some time in the future or in the past:
one day
• a few days ago:
One/Some day
the other day
• _______ I'll come back and marry her. went • I _____(go) to see my teacher the other
• • • • • • • • •
搭配介词to的短语 be relevant to adjust (…) to donate…to… distribute…to… propose a toast to… be dying to…? be dying to do be dying for…
Summarize归纳
Compare!!!
• one day/some day/the other day • adjust/adapt • participate in/take part in/join (in)/attend • dry up/dry out
day
some • at some time in the future : day
• I heard from her letter a fortnight ago. • You can’t see through the telescope until it is adapted to your eyes. • I met him in the street some day. • What skills are needed to operate on the machine. • Everyone in the class is expected to participate these discussions.
牛津译林版英语七上U4知识梳理
7A U401课题:Welcome Class _______ Name _______ 【重点词句】1. 醒醒,醒来wake up2. 需要一次好好的休息need a good rest3. 做早操do morning exercise s(复数)4. 上课have lesson s = have a lesson5. 进行课外活动do after-school activit ies6. 吃晚饭have dinner7. 该吃早饭了吗?Is it time for breakfast?=Is it time to have breakfast?8. 有些狗就是不知道如何找乐子。
Some dogs just don’t know how to have fun.9. -我们将要去山里散步吗?Shall we go walking in the hills?10. 我很少出去。
I seldom go out.11. -你每天什么时候去学校?-When do you go to school every day?我通常在7.20去学校。
-I usually go to school at 7.2012. 我(上学)从来不迟到。
I’m never late for it.13. -你们什么时候开始上课?-七点一刻。
-What time do you start lessons?-At a quarter past eight.14. 你喜欢上学吗?Do you enjoy school?15. 我非常喜欢(上学)。
I like it very much.【知识梳理】1.Wake up, Eddie!.1) wake up (不及物动词词组) 醒来2) wake sb up = wake up sb (及物动词词组) 把某人叫醒3) wake up宾语是人称代词时,放在wake和up中间,必须用宾格。
人教版七年级上册英语语法整理
人教版七年级上册英语语法整理一. 词汇⑴单词1. 介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of1). in表示"在……中", "在……内"。
例如:our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里2). on 表示"在……上"。
例如:on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上3). under表示"在……下"。
例如:under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下under the bed 在床下4). behind表示"在……后面"。
例如:behind the door 在门后 the tree 在树后5). near表示"在……附近"。
例如:near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近6). at表示"在……处"。
例如:at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口7). of 表示"……的"。
例如:a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 map of China 一张中国地图2. 冠词 a / an / the:冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。
冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。
不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。
a用在以辅音音素开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an apple.a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。
This is a cat.这是一只猫。
(人教版)2024七上U4单词讲解
6.past n.过去;过去的事情 in the past在过去
adj.过去的
in past years 过去的岁月
pr.
现在是五点十分。
7. number n.数字;号码 The number of students in my class is 45. My phone number is 7342001. (提问)
As students,we should work hard. 作为学生,我们应该努力学习。
They were dressed as doctors. 他们打扮成医生。 conj.当……时;由于
I was watching TV as she ran in.她进来时我正在看电视。 He may need some help as he’s new here.由于他是新来的
10. reason n.原因;理由 the reason of PK the cause of (注意介词的搭配) I don’t know the reason why you're late. 我不明白你为什么迟到的原因。 He gave no reason for that. 那件事没有给出理由。 11.listen to 听;倾听 (listen-listens-listened-listening) He often listens to music. You should listen to your teacher carefully in class.
注意:be good at 擅长... My father is good at his job. be good for对...有益 Walking is good for our health.
人教版九年级英语u4语法知识点
人教版九年级英语u4语法知识点九年级英语是初中阶段的最后一年,也是英语学习的关键时期。
在这个阶段,学生要掌握更多的语法知识点,以提高英语的表达能力。
本文将介绍人教版九年级英语第四单元的一些重要语法知识点。
一、时态的使用在九年级英语中,时态的使用非常重要。
主要包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时以及现在进行时等。
1. 一般现在时用于描述客观事实、常规行为和永恒真理等。
例如:I go to school every day.2. 一般过去时用于描述过去发生的事情或状态。
例如:He played basketball yesterday.3. 一般将来时用于表示将来发生的动作或状态。
例如:Theywill go to the park tomorrow.4. 现在进行时用于描述现在正在进行的动作。
例如:She is watching TV now.二、被动语态的构成和使用被动语态在九年级英语中也是一个重要的语法知识点。
它由助动词be和过去分词构成,用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。
例如:The letter was written by Tom.(这封信是汤姆写的。
)被动语态的使用在日常生活中比较常见,特别是在新闻报道、科学实验以及一些说明书中。
三、虚拟语气的使用虚拟语气在九年级英语中也是一个难点。
它用于表示与事实相反或不可能发生的情况,或者用于表示建议、要求、命令和惊讶等情感。
虚拟语气的构成包括过去式的虚拟、与过去事实相反的过去完成时虚拟以及与现在事实相反的虚拟。
例如:I wish I had a car.(我希望我有一辆车。
)虚拟语气的使用需要注意时态和语气的变化,所以在学习时要多加练习和掌握。
四、非谓语动词的分类和用法非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和动词的现在分词和过去分词形式。
非谓语动词在九年级英语中也是一个重要的语法知识点。
1. 不定式用于表示目的、结果、原因、方式等。
例如:I want to buy a new book.(我想买一本新书。
七年级英语u4知识点
七年级英语u4知识点在学习英语的过程中,知识点的掌握是非常重要的,只有掌握了足够的知识点,才能够更好地理解和运用英语。
本文将会针对七年级英语U4中的知识点进行详细介绍和解析。
一、动词的变化在英语中,动词是非常重要的词类之一,而动词的变化也是我们必须要掌握的知识点。
在U4中,动词的变化可以分为三种情况:1. 一般现在时:动词在主语为第三人称单数时,要在动词后加上“s”。
例如:She reads books every day.2. 现在进行时:动词的现在分词为“doing”。
例如:He is playing soccer now.3. 一般过去时:动词的过去式在大多数情况下直接在动词后加上“ed”。
例如:I watched a movie last night.二、冠词在英语中,冠词也是非常重要的词类之一,而冠词的使用也需要被我们熟练掌握。
在U4中,冠词可以分为两种情况:1. 定冠词“the”:指的是特定的人或物。
例如:The car in front of us is red.2. 不定冠词“a,an”:表示一个或者任意一个。
例如:I want to buy an apple.三、名词的复数形式在英语中,名词的复数形式也是我们必须要掌握的知识点之一。
在U4中,名词的复数形式可以分为以下几种情况:1. 以-s结尾的单数名词,变成复数时在词尾加上-es。
例如:brushes,buses。
2. 以-sh,-ch,-x,-s结尾的单数名词,变成复数时在词尾加上-es。
例如:dishes,watches。
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的单数名词,变成复数时先将y变成i,再在词尾加上-es。
例如:bodies,cities。
四、形容词的比较级和最高级在英语中,形容词的比较级和最高级也是必须要掌握的知识点之一。
在U4中,形容词的比较级和最高级可以分为以下几种情况:1. 比较级表示两个人或物比较,通常在形容词后加上-er。
book7unit4 sharing定语从句讲解
that (2) We will meet at the same place ________we visited last month.
who,that (先行词为人)有区别吗?
1.用who不用that的情况:
(1)当先行词为one,ones,anyone,those时。
(2)当先行词为人称代词时。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
关系代词和关系副词如何区别?
that\which 2.The reason____________he gave us sounded reasonable. that\which 3.I’ll never forget the day ____________we spent together in Paris.
请讨论:as
,which 引导非限制性定语从句有什么不同吗?
1.which的先行词可以是名词,as不可。
(1) The meeting, which was held in the park,was a great success. (2) All the books , which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.
三.定语从句:由一个句子充当定语
从句的位置:在名词或代词后 先行词: 引导词: 被定语从句修饰的词 引导定语从句的词 关系代词
引导词的作用: (1)引导定语从句
关系副词
(2)在从句中作一成份
(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置
先行词为 引 导 关 词 系 副 词 关 系 代 词 who that whom which whose 人 物 /人 人 物 某人/某物的 时间 地点 原因
八年级上册英语语法知识点u4
八年级上册英语语法知识点u4在英语学习中,语法是必不可少的一部分。
本文将介绍八年级上册英语语法知识点u4,包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、时态、语态、虚拟语气等。
一、主语主语是句子的核心,它通常是一个名词或代词,表示动作的执行者或者是状态的拥有者。
如:1. Lucy is a student.(主语为Lucy)2. They are playing soccer.(主语为They)二、谓语谓语表示主语的动作或状态,是一句话中的谓词部分,通常是一个动词。
如:1. She eats an apple every morning.(谓语为eats)2. We are watching TV now.(谓语为are watching)三、宾语宾语是动作的承受者或事物的接受者,它通常是一个名词或代词。
如:1. He bought a new camera.(宾语为camera)2. We are studying English grammar.(宾语为English grammar)四、表语表语是谓语动词所说明的主语的状态或性质,通常是一个形容词或名词。
如:1. She looks tired.(表语为tired)2. This book is interesting.(表语为interesting)五、时态时态是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,它表示动作发生的时间,包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等等。
如:1. I live in Beijing.(一般现在时)2. She played basketball yesterday.(一般过去时)3. We will have a party tomorrow.(一般将来时)六、语态语态表示谓语动词的主谓关系在句子中的不同表达形式,包括主动语态和被动语态。
如:1. Tom ate an apple.(主动语态)2. An apple was eaten by Tom.(被动语态)七、虚拟语气虚拟语气是表达假设、愿望、建议、命令等情况的一种语气,分为虚拟条件句和虚拟语气的陈述句。
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M7 U4 Grammar and usagePhrasal verbs制定人:唐海英审核人:魏加年姓名:___________班级:____________Ⅰ.短语动词的构成plete the story with the following phrases:stand up reply to go into leave…alonetalk with ask for belong to wait for shout atcome to think…over talk to put up withIt was raining. I _________ a café and __________a coffee. While I was ________my drink, I realized there were other people in the place, but I sensed loneliness. I saw thei r bodies, but I couldn’t feel their souls because their souls __________the Net. I __________ and walked between the tables, when I __________the biggest computer, I saw a thin, small man sitting in front of it. “I’m Steve,” he finally __________me after I asked him a couple of times what his name was. “I can’t _________you. I’m busy,” he said. He was chatting online and, at the same time, he was playing a computer game—a war game. I was surprised. I tried to ________him again, he ____________me, “I can’t ___________you. ________ me______”That night, I _______everything_______, but was at a loss. Are they wrong or I am?两个或两个以上单词构成的动词。
这种动词主要有三种组合形式:1) 动词+副词动词+副词构成的动词短语分为两类:“及物动词+副词”和“不及物动词+副词”。
“及物动词+副词”短语的宾语既可以放在副词之前也可以放在副词之后,但如果宾语为人称代词,则必须放在副词之前。
Eg. (1) He took off his coat.(2) Having worn his raincoat all the way, he took it off when he arrived at his office.(3) Uncle Tom passed away (去世) many years ago.(4) He took off his coat when he entered the house and put it on again when he went out.(take off 是及物短语动词)(5) There is of ten a spectators’ balcony at airports, where people can watch the planes taking off and landing.(take off是不及物短语动词)(6) His words puzzled me so much that I spent several minutes ________________.A. making it upB. to make it upC. figured it outD. to figure it out总结:及物动词必须加宾语意思才完整的动词。
不及物动词,就是不必加宾语意思就完整的动词。
2) 动词+介词动词+介词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词,不可分开使用,其后可以直接跟宾语,宾语通常是名词、代词、动名词等,在被动语态中介词不能省略。
Eg. 1. Kate is looking after his sick mother.2. I came across one of my old classmates Wang Xiaoping.3.I agree with (与……看法一致)you on that point.4. Before long he took to (爱上) a girl student in his class.3) 动词+副词+介词这类动词短语的宾语只能放在介词的后面. 常见的短语有:break away from,go on with,catch up with,look down on/upon,look up to,make up for,put up with。
在“动词+副词+介词”的组合中,短语动词只能看作是一个动词,绝对不能拆开。
Eg.1.I couldn’t put up with (忍受) the noise any longer.2. I don’t ______________ computer games. I think it’s a waste of time.A. go away withB. go intoC. go afterD. go in for补充: 动词+名词+介词构成的动词短语:常见的这类短语有:make friends with,take care of,make room for,make jokes about,make an apology to,take pride in,pay attention to等。
Eg. 1. Lucy threw away some useless stuff to make room for her new bookcase.2. Special attention should be __________the pronunciation.A. paid forB. paid toC. taken ofD. taken toⅡ.读读猜猜:有很多动词短语不止有一个含义,需要我们利用语境来灵活运用。
请写出下列短语意思.1.(1)His accent gives him away as a southerner. ________(2) He gave away most of his money to charity. _______(3) They gave away their last chance of winning the match. ________(4) The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day. ________2. (1) This price takes in the cost of transportation and food. ________(2) He was homeless, so we took him in. _________(3) Fish take in oxygen through their gills. _________(4) I hope you’re taking in what I’m saying._________Ⅲ. 高频动词bring[要点] bring in引进;挣得bring about引起,导致bring up养育,培养;呕吐;提出bring out使展现,推出(书、唱片等)bring down降低;使倒下bring back把……带回来;使忆起;使恢复bring forth结果,生产,产生bring forward提出;提前bring off 圆满完成(困难之事)bring on惹来(坏的结果);加速生长。
[精练]1. The Internet has brought _____big changes in the way we work.A. aboutB. outC. backD. up2. The teacher made up a sentence to ______the meaning of the phrase.A. show offB. turn outC. bring outD. take in3. As we all know, air pollution often ____ diseases.A. brings onB. brings upC. brings backD. brings forwardbreak[要点] break down崩溃,瓦解;垮掉;失败;(化学)分解;(公共场所)失去理智break up打碎;大学放假;(物理)分解;分开,分成(几部分);结束;制止break through逾越,突破;冲破break away(from)挣脱,脱离break out爆发break in破门而入break off折断;中断break into进入建筑物以便行窃;突然发出或开始;打扰。
[精练]4. News reports say peace talks between the two countries ____with no agreement reached.A. have broken downB. have broken outC. have broken inD. have broken up5. You should relax yourself, otherwise you will _____in time.A. break offB. break upC. wear outD. break down6. Until then did I realize that their marriage was _____because they had little in common.A. breaking upB. breaking downC. breaking throughD. breaking offcome[要点] come about发生come out结果出来;出版;泄露;开花come on跟随;作为挑战语;进展come across偶遇;被理解come true变为现实come up走上前;被提出;长出地面;走近;升起come up with产生,发现(解决办法、答案等)come along一起来come back回来;顶嘴come by努力获得come to总计;清醒过来come off脱落;进展。