专四写作冲刺讲义
2012专四作文培训冲刺班材料
Module One TEM-4常见语言失误类型I 这是一篇语言错误非常严重的作文，仔细读一读，看是否能找出几处错误并归类My Idea of A University Arts Festival(1) In my eyes, a arts festival of university must invite more students to take part in.(2) Because the festival is the festival of all students. (3) So all the works should be arranged to meet it.(4) First in the beginning of the festival, I suggest that there will be a chorus contest, all the classes take part in, so that all students have the chance to join in that activities. (5) Then, I think we should have a special program all students who has their special skill can take part in it. (6) In this way, we can avoid festival become the platform only for the same persons every year. (7) Because in our school, there are many persons seem ordinary at usual time, but they have may special skills. (8) We can let them sign themselves up without any requirement. (9) Then I suggest that we should have a entertainment gatherings. (10) Reading riddles, tug-of-war, to climb the hill. (11) So many wonderful things! (12) Such form can attract more people.(13) In one word, more students take part in the festival, more interesting it will be.(14) So that, every students could show their talents.Note: 上面的错误虽不能囊括所有的TEM-4语言错误，但都比较典型。
英语专业四级考试写作辅导5
Hao Qinahi Capital University of Economics and Business
题
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写
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、 较选择类
1． 较选择题 A： 较两个 优缺 并标 倾 1§ 题 : Television as a Better Source of Entertainment A Balanced Diet: A Better Way to Stay Healthy Is a Big University Superior to a Small University? Which School do You Prefer: A Boarding School or a Day School? • Home Education Outweighs Oversea Education for Y oung Children.
可变
语
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• 论题+C(AB 义词)，some people hold that A …, while others choose B as one important C. In my opinion, A is superior to B. • My reasons for the preference for A lie in the following aspects. Firstly, A…, while B…. Sec ondly, A can …. But (Nevertheless, however) B can only…. • From the above two reasons, we can safely c ome to the conclusion that A outweighs B.
专业英语四级写作讲义
专业英语四级写作讲义-第一部分：专业英语四级写作题型1）旧题：Direction-Write2）新题：Read-Summarize-CommentRead carefully the following except on term-time holiday arguments in the U.K. and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should: •summarize the main message of the except, and then•comment on whether parents should take children out of school for holiday during term time in order to save money.第二部分：不变1）题材●环保、社会经济发展、诚信、文化）●教育择业、人生哲理（价值观）●爱心和伦理、健康、网络电讯2）核心内容（开篇点题-关联词-核心例证）第三部分：变●第一段●做题流程第四部分：做题流程1）阅读：首尾、转折、否定2）归纳主旨、看出写作题材3）第一段：模板+主题词●不能没有模板（原创的危险性）●也不能只背模板句●模板和文章指向内容相融合4）第二段：提供相应例证对于主题进行支持5）第三段：呼应第一段As one of your tenants, I am writing to kindly inform you that I feel awfully sorry for what had happened. Last night I had a bitter quarrel with my girlfriend Niki who co-lives with me in the Charles Street, Boston, MA. When I was playing the League of Legends with my team on your Alien computer,she came to the living room, urging me to work harder for the United States Medical Licensing Examination. Immediately, I felt extremely impatient and anxious. Unfortunately, I couldn’t help pushing her on the abdomen. This bitch suddenly ran wild, up my iphone 7 plus from the dinner table and threw it right on my nose, saying “Your mother fucker! Asshole! ” Abnormally, I dodged unconsciously and that mobile phone narrowly flew over the tip of my left eyebrow, smashing your computer screen spontaneously.例子：首尾It is a warm autumn morning, and I am walking through downtown Mountain View, Calif. A small vehicle that looks like a cross between a golf cart and a bubble-topped spaceship glides to a stop at an intersection. Someone is sitting in the passenger seat, but no one seems to be sitting in the driver seat. How odd, I think. And then I realize I am looking at a Google car. The technology giant is headquartered in Mountain View, and the company is road-testing its diminutive autonomous cars there. This is my first encounter with a fully autonomous vehicle on a public road.The Google car waits patiently as a pedestrian passes in front of it. Another car across the intersection signals a left-hand turn, but the Google car has the right of way. The automated vehicle takes the initiative and smoothly accelerates through the intersection. The passenger, I notice, appears preternaturally calm.I am both amazed and unsettled. I have heard from friends and colleagues that my reaction is not uncommon. A driverless car can challenge many assumptions about human superiority to machines.例子：转折词不见得是But, However, Nevertheless,It is frequently assumed that/the mechanization of work has a revolutionaryeffect/on the lives of the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have been introduced. For example, it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry took them out of the household, their traditional sphere, and fundamentally altered their position in society. In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician, warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Friedrich Engels, however, predicted that women would be liberated from the "social, legal, and economic subordination" of the family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole female sex ... into public industry." Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability of mechanization's effects, but they agreed that it would transform women's lives.In fact, historians, particularly those investigating the history of women, seriously question this assumption of transforming power.注意以下词汇：1）但是：But, However, Nevertheless2）实际上：In fact, Actually, As a matter of fact, Indeed3）让步：though, even though, although4）惊奇、不幸、讽刺：astonishingly, surprisingly, stunningly, startlingly, unfortunately, ironically5）Instead of, rather than结论：1）读很重要，没有观点，无法写好第一段2）找到主旨，第一段填空The essay mainly discusses the issue of a fully automatic automobile in Mountain View, California. By providing concrete facts, complete statistics and an in-depth analysis, the author states that a driverless car can change the traditional idea that human wisdom can be superior to the machines, as can be seen in the following paragraphs.54 words3）关键是第二段4）讲课顺序：●怎么套第一段●第二段应该怎么想●怎么背第五部分：怎么套第一段1）第一句话：5-8秒2）第二句话：抓住议论文的特点，用模板句过渡3）总结文章的主题，形成填空The essay mainly discusses the issue of a fully automatic automobile in Mountain View, California. By providing concrete facts, complete statistics and an in-depth analysis, the author states that a driverless car can change the traditional idea that human wisdom can be superior to the machines, as can be seen in the following paragraphs.54 words4）如何填空●定名词，不要乱换●换动词，换（消）形容词●换句型和语序例子：The essay mainly discusses the issue of a fully automatic automobile in Mountain View, California. By providing concrete facts, complete statistics and an in-depth analysis, the author states that a driverless car can change the traditional idea that human wisdom can be superior to the machines, as can be seen in the following paragraphs.54 wordsThe essay mainly discusses the effects of mechanization effects on the individuals and society. By providing concrete facts, complete statistics and an in-depth analysis, the author states that the power of machines cannot greatly change the women’s lives, as can be seen in the following paragraphs.54 wordsquestion: …the transforming power of machines on the women’s lives is questionable.第六部分：定住第一段，才能写好第二段1）如何进行头脑风暴物质金钱责任爱心作息娱乐健康方便快捷沟通安全时尚素质成功违法文化发展环保趋势管制2）背诵顺序●先宏观题材●再微观题材●注意人生哲理和教育择业（和八级考试类似）第七部分：各种题材的写法题材1：社会经济发展写作思路第一段：表态第二段：分析好处：调整产业结构-整合资源-增加政府税收-增加就业-改善基建设施-国际化形象问题：环保-交通堵塞-出行不便-恐怖袭击第三段：建议措施：建立机制-制定计划-听专家的-媒体-万能结尾句旧题目的考法：Tourism is a booming business in China. However, some people worry that too many tourists may bring harm to the environment, while others don't think so. What is your opinion? Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:新题目的考法：So many places in the world rely heavily on tourism as a key source of income and employment nowadays, as well as a way of showing off national and local heritage, plus perceived successes.Unfortunately, tourism can also be a source of problems too, especially if it is not managed correctly. A constant flow of foreign visitors can, for instance, undermine the beauty, uniqueness, character, and social coherence of a tourist destination over time.It is easy to underestimate the scale of world tourism without being aware of the figures. There were estimated to be around 983 million international tourist arrivals In 2011 —this is nearly a 5 percent increase on the numbers in the previous year.Travelers in those sorts of numbers can easily present huge challenges and problems for many destinations, including transport, places to stay, policing, and maintenance.参考范文The essay above mainly discusses the advantages (benefits) and disadvantages (drawbacks) of tourism development. By providing concrete facts, complete statistics and in-depth analysis, the author holds that tourism industry is of great importance (indispensable) for a nation under rapid economic growth. In this process, the importance of environmental protection cannot be ignored, as can beseen in the following paragraphs.There’s no denying the fact that (Evidently/Beyond doubt/Undeniably,) there exist some problems such as air quality degradation and water pollution. The most serious ones even include the loss of local ecological balance (a terrorist attack), while the minor ones are the commuting inconvenience to the local residents. This statement does have a grain of truth at the first glimpse. But it must be pointed out that the social and economic return of tourism is attractive. For one thing, in the process of developing this industry, a tourist city can not only pool its various resources, but also adjust its industrial structure. In this way, infrastructure construction can be greatly strengthened, hence providing a solid basis to the sustaining urban growth. For another thing, tourism growth will provide new incentive to the local economy, because its boom often becomes a source of government revenue as well as a provider of job opportunities. To conclude, the influence of encouraging tourism industry is far reaching, in terms of social development and economic reward （international image）.To sum up, it is essential that a country provide mechanism for the development of tourism industry. To bring its negative influence under control, the government department can make plans for the environmental conservation. In this way, a tourist city can impress the outside world with its new image: a place with beautiful scenes, meanwhile, with a high level of civilization.补充好词好句：“万能”结尾段：模板和主题指向相结合1）建立机制：In the issue of 主题词 (misleading information and empty promises in the advertisements), it is essential that an effective feedback mechanism (should) be set up at the government level.2）制定计划：In this framework, the relevant government departments are supposed to make concrete plans to control … (promote …).3）听专家的话：Meanwhile, advice from researchers and experts cannot be ignored:After all, they are more professional and qualified, especially in the process of policy making (in the establishment of quality standard system).4）媒体的力量：The mainstream media, including TV stations and websites, is also an indispensable part. They can launch a campaign in (give a wide coverage to) the issue. In this way, the general public can form the awareness that … is the mainstream (the general trend), and then play their part in this matter. 5）结尾1: In a sense, it is not why the issue exists in our society, but what should be done to handle it properly.6）Having read this essay, some readers might think that my proposals are somewhat conservative, no less traditional, but they are at least rational and realistic. 7）My advices sound general, because I am not professional in this field, but they are at least rational and realistic.题材2：环保写作思路第一段：表态第二段：分析好处：调整产业结构-整合资源-增加政府税收-增加就业-改善基建设施-国际化形象问题：为了利润-不自律-不负责-没责任感-政府不管-破坏-消失第三段：建立机制…写作练习题：大气雾霾防治（引文略）The essay above mainly discusses the issue of air pollution in a large city under rapid development. By providing concrete facts, complete statistics and in-depth analysis, the author holds that the elimination of PM 2.5 is of great importance for a nation, as can be seen in the following paragraphs.Evidently, as a country with rapid economic development, China has to various resources, adjusting its industrial structure. In this background, economicactivities are the most important in the national strategy. In this process, air pollution is almost inevitable. This statement does have a grain of truth at the first glimpse, but it must be pointed out that some industries, such as mining sectors and steam plants and metallurgical factories, often lack self-discipline in their daily business operation, discharging various kinds of air pollutants into the atmosphere. For another thing, their responsibility of environmental protection is seldom truly performed. In this situation, under a slack supervision system, these activities are bringing a negative influence to the urban development. The environment is being ruined in many large cities. Clean air and blue sky are gradually vanishing from these regions.On the basis of the analysis, effective measures can be taken as following. First, the central authority of China is supposed to provide a control mechanism so that air pollution can be limited, but the incentive of economic growth is maintained. Second, the government department must make concrete plans to control pollutant emission. Third and last, it is essential that new technologies be developed, the most reliable method to change the whole situation. My advices sound general, because I am not professional in this field, but they are at least rational and realistic.题材3：诚信话题思路：1）便利-效率-安全2）金钱-自律操守-责任-管制-破坏-消失原文：After supper, most people would sit on the sofa and watch TV programs with families. And there is one thing always annoying people-TV commercial. TV commercial is such a thing which almost involved every TV grogram and every person's life. Some people claimed that TV commercials should be eliminated because TV programs misleadpeople to buy some useless products, it caused a lot of waste.In order to hook the potential consumers, some TV ads choose ambiguous introductory statements to highlight the so-called special performance of their products. In this case, many TV viewers often receive the information passively, thus very often paying for a product which doesn’t meet their potential demand.But sometimes TV commercial does bring us some conveniences. First is that TV station needs money to make more interesting programs. The business men give them money and they insert the TV commercials inside their programs-that's a fairly deal. The second is that TV commercials also provide people with some useful information. People could know what products are popular currently and what they should buy through the information. The last is that TV commercials give people a chance to have a break when they are watching an excellent TV program. You can have a rest, go fetch some foods or go to toilet without missing any interesting things.参考范文：题目转化为：Nowadays TV commercials are gaining increasing popularity in our lives. What are their advantages and drawbacks? Give your opinion.第一段：Some people think that, other people think that并不好写Recently, there emerged a social highlight, that is, various kinds of advertisements are gaining more popularity in our lives. Some people believe that their benefits outweigh the so-called problems, while others argue that the opposite might be true. By comparison, I agree with the latter point of view for the reason as following.Evidently, advertisements are indispensable in our lives，providing the consumers with convenience and efficiency (或者a wealth of information such as the size and function of a product. However, it must be pointed out that (those who disagree with such a point of view emphasize that) some drawbacks of TV commercials cannot be overlooked, particularly misleading information, false message or emptymessage they probably provide. Under a slack supervision system, the lack of occupational self-discipline among some advertisement companies will probably bring a negative influence to the market: the reputation of the whole industry is being ruined, and the faith to quality foods is gradually vanishing from the consumer groups.To sum up, I’d like to emphasize my point of view. I believe that consumers can benefit greatly from advertisements on TV. However, despite the fact that there might be some advantages, it is still necessary that some feedback mechanism should be set up at the government level. In this framework, a serried of plans can be make in order to control those misleading TV commercial into the market. Meanwhile, researchers and experts must play their part in this issue: they are more professional and qualified, particularly in the establishment of standard system. My proposals might be conservative, but it is at least rational and realistic.题材4：文化和时尚思路：1）时尚：便利-效率-简洁-消费-时尚2）文化：历史-智慧-遗产-形象-价值-过时题目：Traditional Chinese characters r simplified Chinese characters?PART ⅥWRITINGShould we revive traditional Chinese characters orcontinue using simpli fied characters? This has been an intensely discussed question for ye ars. The following are the supporters' and opponents' opinions. Read carefully the opinions fromboth sides and writer your response in no less than 200 words, in which you should firstsummarize the opinion s from both sides and give your view on the issue.YESTraditional characters, which date back to more than 2000 years ago, have a more beautifulappearance and a more reasonable structure. As indicated by examples, traditional characters make more sense, convey traditional values and can thereforerepresent traditional culture.For two millennia, Chinese historical records and classic works were written in traditionalcharacters. To be able to read them and inherit traditional culture, we need to bringtraditional characters back. Politically, it is also necessary to restore traditional Chinese chara cters. Currently, traditionalcharacters are still in used in Hong Kong, Taiwan and many Chinese communities around theworld. Restoring them can contribute to cross-Str aits exchanges and national reunification andunite Chinese people aroun d the world.NOIn today's world, efficiency matters most. Traditional characters, whic h usually have morestrokes than simplified ones, are more difficult t o learn. By contrast simplified, characters aremuch easier to learn and use.Over the past 50 years, lots of classic texts have been turned into simplified-characterversions, which means simplified-character can also promote and preserve traditional culture.Constant simplification has been a trend in the evolution of Chinese characters. From theoracle bones script of 3000 years ago to tradit ional characters, the Chinese writing systemhas always been slimming d own for better communication.参考范文：As is shown in the essay above, simplified Chinese characters become increasingly important in the modern society. However, the influence of traditionalones cannot be ignored. People might vary in their views in this matter, but simplified characters are the trend in the future, as can be seen in the following paragraphs.There’s no denying the fact that those traditional Chinese characters have a long history in a country like China, and they are still being used in some other parts (regions) of China. These characters can either be regarded as a symbol of ancient civilization, but also represent an element of national heritage. Nevertheless, it must be pointed out that simplified language system is indispensable for a nation under rapid development. For one thing, efficiency is the key note in this transformation. For another thing, productiveness plays a key role in various kinds of economic and social activities. As a result, it is inevitable that language changes into an open and direct pattern in order to achieve face-to-face communication. In this situation, simplified Chinese characters are the primary choice (option) for many people, even though traditional ones also have a folk value in a country.To sum up, I’d like to emphasize my point of view in the first paragraph. Language will become increasingly simplified along with the social development. This statement might not be conservative, but it is at least rational and realistic, at least in the current social setting in China.(230 words)题材5：爱心关注思路：物质金钱责任爱样文：如果不是对立观点怎么办？December 5th is International Volunteers Day. Since 1985, when the United Nations announced the special day, tens of millions of people around the world havevolunteered to help those in needs. China now has 4.5 million registered volunteers who have provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. What can you gain from volunteering?The above mentioned facts show that volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain "to benefit another person, group or organization". Volunteering is also renowned for the improvement of human quality of life. Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served. Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education and emergency. Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.参考范文The essay above mainly discusses the issue of volunteering in the world. By providing concrete facts and reliable statistics, the author holds that a growing number of people are doing volunteering work in our society. And they are playing an increasingly important (indispensable) part in a civilized society, as can be seen in the following paragraphs.Undeniably, Those who disagree with volunteering might emphasize that people are hard pressed with test results or a tight job market, so it is hard to strike a balance between volunteering and one’s career. Such possibility does exist, but it must be pointed out that the influence of volunteering is still indispensable. The major reason is that such work enables many professional or warm-hearted people them to assist the elders, the young, and the homeless. It follows that the social responsibility and moral obligation can be better carried out. As a result, those disadvantaged groups can receive material support, mental back-up and spiritual comfort.In sum, I believe that people can benefit greatly from their volunteering work. Love is never vague and abstract, but always visible and concrete. Different socialgroups can be brought together, when each citizen extends his helping hand.题材6：身心健康：基本思路：金钱-占用时间-耗费精力-生活颠倒-亚健康选文：如果段落比较难，怎么办？抓名词-代词-连词It seems particularly apropos given our current social climate to pay lip service to stress. We have to deal with it often, despite our best attempts to avoid it. Fortunately some kinds of stress are minor and innocuous, yet others are incendiary and damaging.No matter the scale, the consequence, or the context, understanding how to deal with stress, or say physical and mental pressure, is a life skill. I know that some people are even crippled by the thought of stress. I think that any stress-related fears arise because we are never taught how to grapple with such moments. It’s a shame, and perhaps many a more grave situation could be avoided were we imparted with some resolution and avoidance strategies at an early age.参考范文：追求非模板？不如背（写）模板还没学会走，就不要想着跑。
英语四级冲刺讲义
英语四级冲刺讲义(共68页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--沪江网校10年6月英语四级冲关班内部讲义——冲刺篇四级冲刺讲义听力简短对话题型归类和应试策略1．数字与计算题“数字与计算”是早年大学英语四级统考中的听力测试的最常考项目之一，常见的计算题包括时间、价格、年龄、距离、速度等。
出题形式可分为计算型、辨认型和替换型。
以加减计算题为主。
相关词汇与表达：more, less, late, early, fast, slow, ahead of schedule, delay, postpone, decrease,bring forward, times, twice, double, a quarter, a half, the day before yesterday, by noon, half anhour例一A) $ B) $ C) $ D) $W: Here is a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight’s show, please.M: Sure. Two tickets and here’s a dollar forty cents change.Q: How much does one ticket cost?2．职业、身份和相互关系题这种类型的题目相对比较简单。
首先，四个选择往往是4 种不同职业或者是表示两个对话者之间关系的词。
如husband and wife, boss and secretary, librarian and student 或customer andrepairman等。
选择项的特点决定了提问的内容。
了解这一点后，在听音过程中，就可以把注意力集中到一些关键词或词组上，以便作出准确判断。
其次，提问的方式比较单一固定。
常见的提问方式是：What’s the man/ woman?What does the man/ woman do?What’s the man’s /woman’s job/ profession/ occupation?What’s the probable relationship between the man and woman?What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?在听音过程中，只需集中注意力听清对话，根据对话提供的有效信息，便可以比较快地作出正确选择。
英语专业四级写作辅[1]...ppt
![英语专业四级写作辅[1]...ppt](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/c607b3c314791711cc7917ef.png)
Letter of thanks (感谢信) A) 对于收信人的恵助表示感谢 B) 解释感谢的原因或因对方的帮助给自己带来的 好处 C) 再次表示诚挚谢意 I don’t know how to express my gratitude for you… (谢意,感谢:thanks, thankfulness, gratitude, gratefulness, appreciation…) I cannot tell you how much I owe you… It was thoughtful (more than kind, generous, etc) of you… Thank you again for your generosity (hospitality, generous help, timely-rain help, etc)…
文体占5% (Write naturally: write in a way that comes naturally.)
Writing Practice: Please write a 200-word composition on the topic below:
Harmony
写作临场发挥“三要素”：
Writing practice:
You lost your favorite walkman on Oct 29th. Your friend found it and brought it back to you yesterday evening. Please write a thank-letter to her/him.
Jack
(56 words)
Letter of Refusal(拒绝信) A) 收到邀请 B)表示感谢 C) 阐述不能赴邀的原因 D) 表示遗憾和美好的祝愿
新CET-4写作讲义(八)
新CET-4写作讲义(八)三）介绍信：1、求职信：Directions: You want to apply for the following job: Waiter/waitress required for evening work. Write a letter to Mr. Byron:1) Show your interest,2) Describe yourself,3) Explain why you would be suitable for the job.Dear Mr. Byron：I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for a waitress. Enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous work experience and qualifications.First, not only do my qualifications and work experience make me a perfect candidate for the job, my personality is well suited to working as a waitress. Second, I am a very friendly person who can quickly establish rapport with people of all ages. Last, the fast-paced environment of waiting on tables suits me well because I thrive on working under pressure.I would like to meet with you at your earliest convenience, to discuss the possibility of working at your restaurant. Thank you for your consideration of my application.I look forward to meeting you in the near future.Yours sincerely,Li Ming2、推荐信：Directions: One of your friends wants to apply for a job involving working with foreign teenagers. Write a letter:1） Recommend him/her,2） Describe his/her past experience,3） Explain the reasons.Dear Sir or Madam:I am writing to you to recommend one of my best friends, Zhou Botong, for this post. He used to be my classmate at Tsinghua University, where he was already a very active organizer and participant in extracurricular activities.First, with his outstanding leadership and cheerful personality, he was elected chairperson of the Student Union of our university several times. Second, busy as he was, he completed his major, teenage psychology, with an outstanding school record. Third, upon graduation he was assigned to be a teacher in Zhongguancun Middle School. What’s more, he loves his job and enjoys working with children. This has won him great popularity among his students.Therefore, I do not hesitate to recommend him as an ideal candidate for the post you advertised. I am sure you will make a wise decision in hiring him.Yours sincerely,Li Ming3、自我介绍信：Directions: You are writing your first letter to a pen pal.1） Describe your previous studies and work experience,2） Your current activities, hobbies and interests,3） Suggest meeting him/her.Dear Audrey:Hi! My name is Li Ming. I am very glad to have this chance to write to you and become pen pals.First, let me first introduce myself. I’m currently working as a computer programmer in a large multi-national company. Second, I graduated from Beijing Normal University with a Bachelor’s Degree in computer science in 2004. While I enjoy my current job, I’m interested in pursuing a Master’s degree, and hope to begin graduate studies next September. Last, my hobbies include listening to pop music and traveling. This summer, I will be traveling with Mr. Guo Jing to Norway. If you are free, I would be very happy to meet you in person. Well, let me finish here. I am already eagerly awaiting your reply. I hope that we can become good friends.Yours sincerely,Li Ming【。
大学英语四级写作指南(内部冲刺PPT)
外语部:李振伟 外语部 李振伟
1 新的大纲及要求
能在阅读难度为课文相仿的书面材料时 作笔记，回答问题和写提纲， 作笔记，回答问题和写提纲，能就一定的话 题或提纲在半小时内写出120—150词的短 题或提纲在半小时内写出 词的短 能写短信和便条，表达意思清楚， 文，能写短信和便条，表达意思清楚，无重 大语言错误。分值为15分 大语言错误。分值为 分。 特殊要求： 特殊要求：从1997年夏季起作文评分标准又 年夏季起作文评分标准又 有了新的规定。作文分0分者 分者， 有了新的规定。作文分 分者，最后得分一 律不及格或不超过59。作文1－ 分者 分者， 律不及格或不超过 。作文 －6分者，最 后得分＝原统计总分－ ＋实际得分。 例如， 后得分＝原统计总分－6＋实际得分。 例如， 原统计总分为63，实际作文分为2分 原统计总分为 ，实际作文分为 分，最后 分数＝ － ＋ ＝ 分数＝63－6＋2＝59
Do “lucky numbers” really bring good luck?(1998/6.band-4) 有些人认为某些数字会带来好运 Some people say that some numbers will bring them good luck. A: “8”has the same pronunciation as “发” 发 B: Many people spend much money to buy “8” C: They believe that “8” can bring good luck to them, and make them “发” 发
2 高分文章的标准及写法 不同的英语作文考试， 不同的英语作文考试，评分标准也不尽相 要在四级作文项拿高分， 同。要在四级作文项拿高分，就必须对该项 的平分标准了如指掌。评分标准分为6个档 的平分标准了如指掌。评分标准分为 个档 次：15-13；12-10；9-7；6-4；3-1；0。今 ； ； ； ； ； 。 天我们主要分析高分档作文的评分标准。 天我们主要分析高分档作文的评分标准。并 在逐条分析高分档评分标准后， 且，在逐条分析高分档评分标准后，对大家 如何达到各条评分标准的办法，予以介绍。 如何达到各条评分标准的办法，予以介绍。
英语专四作文写作辅导课件
2.主体：论证自己观点的模板 1）引出理由 There are many reasons explaining/accounting for/contributing to my view. There are many reasons which may account for.. There are many factors deciding/influencing.. The following reasons can account for/support/prove…. The reasons for.. mainly lie in the following .. aspects. This argument can be proved by the following facts.
常见作文内容类型 立场选择型 既定观点型 建议方法型 利弊分析型
∽
建议方法型模板
1
It is high time for us to take some effective measures to..
2
It is high time that we took some effective measures to..
材料作文三段式
01
开头：
02
缩写/总结材料→提出个人观点
03
主体：论证自己的观点
04
结尾：总结&重申自己观点
05
命题作文三段式开头：引出主题→提出个人观点
主体：论证自己的观点
结尾：总结&重申自己观点
图表图画作文三段式
开头：
描述图表图画内容→提出个人观点
主体：论证自己的观点
结尾：总结&重申自己观点
模板
英语专业四级考试写作辅导7
As opposed to Contrary to In contrast to
the widely commonly generally
held accepted
idea assumption
that … , ຫໍສະໝຸດ ew studies facts surveys
challenge fail to justify
Lectures on TEM4 Writing VII
Hao Qinhai Capital University of Economics and Business
三、观点论证类作文
• Is Money All Powerful? • Is Thrift Necessary in Modern Society? • Do you Agree with “Euthanasia”? Euthanasia ? • Some people think that machine translation can replace our English study. • Do you agree with these people? • What’s your opinion about reducing children’s excessive assignment?
Although the commonly-accepted assumption is that … , a nationwide belief current recent survey Investigation indicates reveals demonstrates that …
For example: Although the common-accepted assumption is that high technology will play a critical role in solving energy and food shortages and that answers to environmental difficulties will come from further advances in the same technologies that may have helped cause problems, more and more evidence shows that purely technological solution alone is not the whole answer. An increasing number of scientists argue openly for new directions in research.
专四写作讲义
专四写作讲义一、首段1、禁忌1）no bombs2）no apologies2、中心主线段：主题词+ 同位语+ 从句+ 态度/ 观点••Making friends on line, a prevailing fashion in this 21st century which booms as never before especially for the younger generations, is wise from my point of view. (07) ••The arts festival, a general discussion these days on campus which concerns all the university students, has to be filled with more diversity and creativity. (05) ••Telephone, the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technology which dominates and promises to reshape our lives and our world, is destined to take the place of traditional letters. (04)3、插入语①单个单词：Anyone, then, who knows the good he ought to do but does not do it, sins.②词组的插入：The Gentleman, by his culture, collects friends about him and through these friends promotes his Goodness.③句子的插入：A craftsman, if he means to do good work, must first sharpen his tools.4、连续发问••Does technology create more problems than it solves? And may it threaten or damagethe quality of life? Is it more of a blessing or of a curse? People are sharply divided over this issue. To me, this answer may be negative.••What is there that confers the noblest delight? What is that which swells a man’s breast with pride above that which any other experience can bring to him? Discovery! ••Reduce waste on campus：Have you ever left your dorm forgetting to turn off the lights?Have you ever bothered to turn off the tap after washing your clothes? Have you ever seen tables covered with the remains of a meal when you go to the school cafeteria at dinner time? I bet your answers to some of these questions are “yes”.••Making friends on line is wise：Do you still search for pen pals everywhere withbewilderment? Do you still spend a large sum of money only to mail a written letter to a friend afar or even thousands of miles away in another continent? If yes, try to attempt to get a new acquaintance via Internet, a rather wiser choice.二、中间段1、段落结构：2、段落层次：还原逻辑词parents felt disappointed and I was greatly worried about my future. (Consequently,) Our life became very terrible. (so …that …) I even decided to commit suicide. (Later,) Our neighbor learnt about my family’s condition, and they began to help us. (Meanwhile,) They lent a few money to my parents and my parents use these money to open a shop. (Moreover,) They help me to study. (In the end,) My parents finally got through hard life. So I say that love is great.3、观点对比+利弊说明1）“一些人认为”——Some无数的numerous / myriad (a number / myriad of)大量的A considerable / significant / noticeable amount / quantity / portion of对半的almost / nearly / approximately half of大多的the (vast / overwhelming) majority of2）“一些人认为”——people公众the public各行各业people from all walks of life / community / education / background支持/反对者followers – objectors；consenters –dissenters参与者participants / candidates / interviewees3）“一些人认为”——think认为assume / claim / declare / assert / state / insist/ maintain tha t…支持express / show / demonstrate one’s support for赞成/ 反对cast one’s ballot for / against；stand on the side of意见是one’s viewpoint is that / be with the view that4）导致利弊Advantage / disadvantage; merit / drawback; blessing / curse; benefit / harm; outweighlead to, contribute to, result in, bring about, give rise to …owing to, due to, thanks to, result from, in that, attribute to …5）句式••Many people consider it appropriate that more emphasis should be put on the development of students’ capacity for reaso ning and logical thinking, whilst others think that more benefits would be gained from an education that also taught them to explore their own emotions.••Those who … argue that… while others who… claim that…6）框架①启••Answers shall find it is of difficulty to please all, as the old say goes. Therefore, it is quiteunderstandable that people from diverse backgrounds put different interpretations on the same issue of ….answer will far from an easy proposition, but is nonetheless one that deserves careful and deliberate consideration.②承：••On the one hand, the majority is in favor of the idea that….••Thunderous applause could be heard to maintain the idea that…③转••One the other side of the coin, adverse voices cast their ballots for the belief that….••Discommenders and antis, however, could not concur with the former by insisting that….④合：••All things considered, an unshakable conclusion could be safely drawn that …••Balancing the advantages and drawbacks of this issue, I am bound to accept the former / latter viewpoint, intending to stand on the side that …A question begging an answer centers on whether or not one ought to expect a reward when doing a good deed. Determining the answer will far from an easy proposition, but is nonetheless one that deserves careful and deliberate consideration.On the one hand, the majority is in favor of the idea that to receive a reward after doing good deeds is beyond any doubt due to the reason that “A good turn deserves another”, as the old saying goes, which indicates that a good deed, surely, o ught to bring about a reward, the motivation or the stimulus for the favor.One the other side of the coin, adverse voices cast their ballots for the belief that good deeds belong to voluntary work, purely out of willingness, which has nothing to do with expectation for rewards, following the outstanding example of the great communist soldier Lei Feng –who “devoted his limited life to the limitless cause of serving the people”.In short, balancing the advantages and drawbacks of this issue, I am bound to accept the latter viewpoint, intending to stand on the side that good deeds are supposed to result from spontaneous reaction confronted with certain circumstances.4、原因列举：••There are two reasons accounting for my view. For one thing, fast forward a fewyears, making friends may no longer be a problem owing to the fact that the Internet affords us the opportunity to communicate not only with people who are conveniently close by but also with those who might be thousands of miles away in another continent. For another, more importantly, we can make friends of different races and cultures and this can expose us to a new language, culture and belief.••衍生句型：What has sparked the increasing interest in exercise? For one thing, people have gained a greater awareness of the need for physical fitness. For another,the constantly improving standard of living enables Chinese people to patronize the increasing number of recreational venues. The main thing perhaps centers on the healthcare and psychological benefits exercise provides.••仿写： Why are an increasing number of elderly Chinese parents living apart fromtheir children? One reason is the increasing upward mobility of the younger generation. Another is expanding social opportunities for the elderly. Perhaps the main reason, however, centers on dramatic changes in traditional concepts.5、举例论证1）个人实例●●An example shoule be added to highlight the issue discussed above. Todemonstrate, Thomas Edison–diligent, world-famous and doing very well in his early life –continued to pursue something more difficult all through his life. “Genius consists of 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.” Such is the remark made by him.It is true indeed. Thomas Edison’s case is a typical example that keeping making progress and daring to stride forward always has to be considered as the right attitude towards life and work for everyone who longs for success.●●To specify this statement, I would like to take an example. Helen Keller – blindand deaf –is always admired and remembered as a heroine striving for the dream in her life’s journey.（可用于论述：成功；信心；毅力；奋斗；理想；决心……）With language, she proved she could communicate in the world of sight and sound –an was able to speak to it and live in it. “Literature is my utopia. Here I am not disenfranchised.” Helen’s case is a typical example that how knowledge could liberate and cultivate one’s mind.●●For instance, Mr. Bill Gates –when making his decision to drop out fromHarvard – did not care too much of the result. Many people did not understand why Gates gave up such a good opportunity to study in the world’s No.1 University. However, with size comes power, Microsoft dominates the PC market with its operating systems. Now, Microsoft becomes the biggest software company in the world and Bill Gates becomes the richest man in the world.●●A very good case in point is that a person of great reputation, Columbus, whodiscovered America, owed his success to his singleness of purpose and determination. On the ocean he suffered the affliction of storms and tempests hundreds of times. However, instead of admitting defeats, he went forward.There is no denying that success is more often the definite result of a person’s self-discipline, had work and, most of all, perseverance.2）历史实例••The year was 1978. stepped, for the first time, upon amysterious land, China. Jackson who paid his visit to the Great Wall and the Summer Palace and got himself deeply impressed by Chinese culture. When he returned to the US, he devoted his rest life to the intercommunion of bilateral cultures and won the Presidential Award in 1982.••The year was 1943. Millions upon millions of Jews were being marched into gaschambers. During the following two years, more Jews perished in the holocaust. Among them, there was a five-year-old boy named Abraham whose eyes were filled with fears and tears. From his vacant and spiritless eyesight, we may easily read out his yearning towards peace.3）细节论证①数据论证：●●A survey issued by the department of Sociology at Wuhan Universitysuggests that 21.7%college students suffer from pressure of academic studies. It is an 11.2% increase, compared with last year.●●A recent survey showed that … percent of respondents ranked … as their toppriority, compared to … percent only a few years ago.②名言论证：●●One of the great early writers worte that …. If this is true, then the present situationshould make us wonder whether … is reasonable. To this issue, my answer is CERTAINLY YES / DEFINITELY NO.●●“….” Such is the remark made by …, a great …. This view has been shared /challenged now by more and more people.●●Adler is correct in this assertion that ….三、结论段Some strategies for closing paragraphs••1. Summarize the essay••2. Echo the introduction••3. Restate the thesis (thesis is the main idea of your essay)••4. Create an image••5. Striking a note of hope or desair••6. Use a quotation••7. Give a symbolic or powerful fact or other detail••8. Recommend a course of action1、禁忌：中文表决心方式2、常用句型1）形式主语2）被动语态3）虚拟语气4）无灵主语3、结尾方法1）归纳结论（主题同义改写＋观点概括）••Why, then, do I teach? (1) I teach because I like the pace of the academic calendar. …(2) I teach because teaching is a profession built on change. … (3) I teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my own lessons, to stimulate myself and my students. … So teaching gives me pace, variety, freedom, and challenge.2）反诘提问••What makes pollution so severe nowadays? Firstly, people throw life wastes carelessly, with them littering streets, rivers and fields. Secondly, the development of economy deteriorates our environment to a great extent. The major pollutant is the industrial wastes. The waste gas diets the air and the waste liquid from factories poisons the water. Thirdly, some pollutions spread out fast without effective solution to them. Green house effect, for instance, has caused the iceberg at the two poles to melt, which means that lots of countries will be flood-stricken.••A. If our environment is going on to be polluted in these ways, what a world shall we leave our later generations?••B. How can we live a happy and healthy life, if our environment is too polluted to have fresh air to breathe or clean water to drink?3）提出建议，呼吁行动••95年“课外兼职的利弊”••Since taking a part-time job is both a blessing and a curse, college students have to be wise enough to strike a balance between academic studies and part-time jobs.（折中）••96年“大学生活和中学生活的不同”••In short, different from middle school, college life develops me into an independent adult. Dear friends, when you enter the college, you are on the way to be an independent individual. So, rely on yourselves in daily life and manage your academic studies on your own.（倾向性）••00年：“课外活动重要性”••Extracurricular activities are very important to college students in their healthy de velopment, so I want to suggest that Students’ Union organize more meaningful activities and every student actively take part in carious activities.••02年：“保持健康的最佳方式”••Since sports is so important to keep us healthy, let’s do physical exercise everyday.••05年：“给艺术节提建议”••In my viewpoint, a university arts festival is a world for us students to be closer friends. The stage is ours. Fellow students, come on and wrap your arms around next semester’s university arts festival.4）展望未来05年：为艺术节提建议••Of course, there should be other shows to attract more students and show their own talents. I really hope that my suggestions are of help to the festival. I wish this festival could be held successfully and it would be a real show of our talents.98年：“解决污染的一个建议”••I believe by using electricity to replace petrol as an important source of power, the world will be cleaner, where we can breathe more freely, and trees will turn green again.5）模板句型No topic has received more attention than the one presented now.Quite obviously, p eople seem to fail to take into account the fact that ….And I believe that anyone who is blind to this point may pay a heavy price.Thus, we have to spare no effort to face the challenges and better the situation, which is a matter of achivement and failure – a matter no one and no nation can afford to ignore.As the famous saying goes: when the going gets tough, the tough get going.A much better and brighter future will surely await us.My view is that, first of all, it is of great necessity for the government and authorities concerned to ….Furthermore, emphasis has to be paid to ….Finally, it is high time that drastic and immediate measures were taken to ….The methodology suggested may not guarantee ultimate success, but the eventualpay-off could well be worth the effort.By means of adopting such ways, a much better and brighter future will surely await us.We have to seek immediate solutions for….Recognizing a problem is the first step in finding a method.It is essential to heed warnings of potentially catastrophic consequences associatedwith … and, in turn, to attach top priority to finding effective solutions to ensure …. Immediate solutions for solving problems surrounding … remain elusive.However, public recognition of t he importance and necessity to … will represent the first step in finding effective solutions.We do, in fact, have a long way to go to reach our final goal.The time is right for us to take full advantage of ample existing opportunities.Whatever the outcome, we have to resolutely proceed with our objective.To address this issue and to …, goverments and authorities concerned should unite to work out effective measures against ….For instance, there should be ….Moreover, the public attachment to th e importance of … would play a decisive role in….In addition, w e should enhance the awareness of people that … is extraordinarily vital to us.Only in this way can we ….复习一、内容：1、你想说的最重要的事是什么？如果已经说出来了，在草稿中找出这段话，并在句子下面划线。
专四作文讲义精要
一.各部分框架常用模板：●开头段：现象引入句+ 他人观点对比句+ 自己主题句句型总结：1 引入句：Nowadays, it is a heatedly discussed topic that…When asked about …Recently, there is a general debate on whether…Should …? Opinions to this attitude vary greatly from person to person.There is no denying the fact that…The 年代saw an unprecedented tide of ….As more people focus on … sth has begun to draw more and more attention from the public.In recent years, …… This phenomenon has become a subject of widespread controversy.2 他人观点对比句：The majority of people believe that… while others regard that…A number people claim that… while some others argue that…3 表明自己立场句：Weighing up these two arguments, I am in favor of…For my part,…As for me,…I am in favor of the view that…Personally,…●中间段落发展句型：1 阐释原因句型：现象原因组合句：The latest surveys indicate that …. There are several reasons accounting for this occurrence. For one thing,….. For another,…. In addition, ….单独解释原因句：….. for the simplest reason that …Due to ….2 引出理由或者论据句:The reasons for my views mainly lie in the following … aspects.There exist certain factors accounting for my views.3 举例论证说明句：There are numerous examples supporting this argument.,,, is a typical example of…A good case in point is …A good example to illustrate is….For another example, …..4 说明好处或影响4.1 引出好处或影响：Undoubtedly, … can benefit a lot fromNo doubt, … have brought us great convenience and pleasure.It is obvious that …. is favorable to…4.2 列举好处或影响：It provides more people with….It/They broaden… and cultivate their….Moreover, … tends to bring some unexpected surprise, such as…Besides, it helps strengthen… and enhance…5 说明危害5.1 引出危害：…have brought about considerable negative effects on…… bring great harm to…However, the use of … is extremely harmful in many ways.… are likely to lead to very serious results.It suffers from the disadvantage that…5.2 列举危害：… puts a heaven burden on…… too much, which is unfavorable to…… which migh mislead…… which brings more difficulties for…… not only work against other interests but also does harm to himself.Even worse, … might lose control of…… have killed …, destroyed…., and wiped out ….If ….., … will suffer great losses and might lose… , which in turn influence….… are so induldged in… that….… are so addicted to…. That结尾段落句型结尾客套句+ 结尾总结句+ 结尾延伸句结尾客套句：From what has been discussed above，we may reasonably arrived at the conclusion that…. Taking into account all these factors，we may reasonably arrived at the conclusion that…. Judging from all evidence offered，we may reasonably arrived at the conclusion that….结尾总结句：对首段结尾主题句的paraphrase(略)结尾延伸句：1 说明方法或者建议句：1.1 引出方法But then how to….The following measures can be taken to ….Therefore, it’s high time that we took effective measures to …Considering the seriousness of the problem, it is necessary that we college students….1.2 具体阐述方法和建议First, ….. should…., which is the precondition of….Second, …. is an effective way to…..In addition, … is indispensable to…Besides, more…. should be trained and more…. should be built up so as to….To… is not an easy task. And it requires the concerted efforts of all….There is no immediate solution to the problem of…. But …might be quite helpful and beneficial.No easy method can solve the prolem of….in short time. But the …. might be the first step on the right way.2 警示句：If we ignore the problem, it is very likely that…No doubt, if we can’t change/control/improve the situation, there is every chance that ….We must search for a quick action, because the current situation of …, if permitted to continue, will surely lead to the end/heavy cost of…Therefore, … is not a necessity, but a must.。
专四语法冲刺讲义
2.谓语动词用复数的情况 ★ 由 and, both …and, 连接的并列主语，和 both，
a few, many ,several 等修饰语后面谓语动词通常 用复数形式 ★ 集体名词 police, public, militia, cattle ,
class ,youth 后常用复数形式的动词 ★ 当表示民族的词与冠词合用当主语，谓语动词用
复数形式 ★ 某些形容词前面加定冠词表示一类人，做主语时
候，谓语动词用复数 ★ 不可数名词作主语，其前有表示数量的复数名词修饰
谓语动词用复数 3. 谓语动词可用单数，也可以用复数的情况
4
★ 由连词 either…or…; neither…nor…; whether… or…;not only…but (also) ;or 等连接 的并列主语
专四语法考点总结（冲刺）
语法考点
三大从句--名词、定从、状从
非谓语动词
时态、语态、语气、情态动词
Hale Waihona Puke 其他：adj、adv 比较级、最高级及特殊结构
倒装
动词的体
主谓一致
句子成分分析
反义疑问句 代词、不定代词、冠词
名词
专四语法考点总结
一、 三大从句考点总结
1. 名词性从句
两步解题法
抓连词
抓连词在名词性从句中的成分
母+S 3) 具有比较意义的形容词 4) 特殊结构 六、形容词、副词比较级、最高级及特殊结构
5
★ be + of + a + n
★ the more…, the more… “越…越”
★ no more A than B
英语专四作文辅导资料
2016.4.
第一部分
Summary Writing
I. What is a summary?
• A summary is a shortened passage, which retains the essential information of the original. It is a fairly brief restatement --- in your own words ---of the contents of a passage.
happening than try to put it right afterwards.)
Байду номын сангаас
Ways of condensation
1. Use synonyms or synonymous phrases He had a good command of English. (He knew English well.) 2. Change the structure of simple sentences My brother has an appreciation of modern art. (My brother appreciates modern art.)
• Write a summary on how we can attract more tourists to our country
• One of the many sources of revenue for the country is tourism. Malaysia has lots to offer the world. We have beautiful beaches, lush jungles, cool mountain retreats and modern cities. However, to further capitalize on tourism, there are a few areas that must be looked into. Firstly, we must expose people from foreign countries to what we can offer. We can do this by holding exhibitions overseas. Organizers of such exhibitions can offer a glimpse into what we have in our country. They can offer attractive four packages that would definitely lure tourists here. The mass media too can play an important role. The Internet, television and the newspaper offer an alternative mode of advertising the country to the world. Besides that, newspapers and television can be used to show the world the wonders found in our country.
专四写作课程讲义
专四写作复习指导一、整体介绍1、复习规划⑴. 考试时间：4月第3个周六上午8:30-10:45⑵. 词汇过关：《专四词汇词根+联想记忆法》⑶. 精析真题（99年至今），背诵范文⑷. 模拟练习：至少4次作文：10：00-10：35便条：10：35-10：452、大纲解读及评分标准⑴. 文体：论说类、记叙描写类⑵. 评分标准：①思想内容：50%②组织架构：10%③语法：20%④用词：15%⑤得体：5% 优秀（15-13分）良好（12-10分）中等（9-7分）不及格（6-4分）低分（3-0分）⑶. 分数构成：基准分+印象分①. 基准分：思想内容+结构+语言思想内容：观点清楚，前后不矛盾，并有充分、恰当的例证说明自己的观点——论证充分，自圆其说组织结构：细节安排有条理，叙述层次清楚，段落之间联系自然，句子连贯——逻辑严谨，3段最好(1st段:40-50词; 2nd段:120-130词; 3rd段:40-50词)语法：没有句子结构上的重大错误。
拼写、标点、大小写等正确或有个别错误。
引用原文适度，不超作者文章的10％——正确无误，尽量高级，词汇替换eg: Nowadays, the Internet has become part of people’s life, and millions of young people have made friends online.用词：用词（包括习惯用语）准确、恰当——准确无误，丰富多变得体：语言得体，语气恰当，以理服人，有说服力——有理有据②．印象分书写：清晰，字迹整齐漂亮（黑色水笔）表达：正确、正规、可读（不要缩写eg: 3ks. 3Q. CU）标点：逗号，句号修改：不修改，少修改（草稿纸、模板句式）；严禁使用修正带、修改液或用胶带粘题目：大小写——实词大写，虚词小写eg: Is It Wise to Make Friends Online？二、结构1、文章结构第一段：给出观点；第二段：论证观点（原因论证、举例论证、细节论证）第三段：总结观点2011年Recently government agencies in some big cities have been studying the possibility of putting a “pollution tax” on private cars. The amount of tax private car owners would have to pay would depend on the emission levels, i.e. engine or vehicle size. This has caused quite a stir among the public. Some regard it as an effective way to control the number of cars and reduce pollution in the city. But others don’t think so. What is your opinion? Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:Should Private Car Owners be Taxed for Pollution?You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.2008年The Benefits for VolunteeringYou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, support your opinion with appropriate details.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.2010年Should College Students Hire CleanersIn the first part, state clearly what your view is.In the second part, support your view with appropriate reasons.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.2、段落结构第一段：给出观点⑴第一句：Background information：背景介绍⑵第二句：General talk of the topic：引出主题⑶第三句：Thesis：我的观点2004年Will Phones Kill Letter Writing?In the contemporary society, young people tend to phone more often than write to each other. Therefore, some claim that phones will replace letter writing. Though phones are more convenient than letter writing, from my perspective, it will not put letter writing end.2003年The Importance of Keeping a Good MoodIn the competitive society, quite a proportion of people live under great pressure from education, career and families. How can we live happy life? I believe it is vital that we keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.第二段：论证观点⑴第一部分（1句话）：引言There are numerous reasons that may account for my point and the following are the most conspicuous aspects.⑵第二部分：论证(argument)①分论点一+论据(2-3句)②分论点二+论据(2-3句)*万能理由（一）：分论点提出角度Live in A Big City or Small City?①方便(convenient convenience)It is convenient.It is of convenience.It has found its convenience during the last years.It has found its seriousness during the last years.It has found its importance during the last years.句型：sth.has found its…during the last years.②有效性(effective)③环境好(environment-friendly)④健康(health)⑤沟通(communication)⑥安全(secure security )⑦知识(knowledge)⑶第三部分：小结(1句)—可有可无第三段：总结观点⑴第一句：重申论点（Restate of the thesis）2002年The Best Way to Stay HealthyAll in all, I believe the best way to keep fit is taking proper physical exercise.2003年The Importance of Keeping a Good MoodThus, we need not only to build a strong body but also keep a good mood in order to face the pressures or challenges of modern society.⑵第二句：建议措施/展望未来（suggestions/ future）2009年Will Tourism Bring Harm to the Environment?Therefore, some actions need to be taken to curb(限制) the development of tourism. Only in this way can we witness the ideal scene in which all the people can enjoy their life to the utmost.三、语言设计1、词汇⑴准确性extensive knowledgefierce competition⑵多样性（注意：尽量使用晚学到的单词）2000年The Importance of Extracurricular Activities很多人认为课外活动很重要。
专四作文及讲解模板
专四作文及讲解模板英文回答：1. What are the challenges facing the development of China's higher education?China's higher education system has made great stridesin recent decades, but it also faces a number of challenges. These challenges include:Increasing demand for higher education. The number of students seeking higher education in China has increased dramatically in recent years, and this trend is expected to continue. This has put a strain on the country's higher education system, which is already struggling to meet the needs of its current students.Rising costs of higher education. The cost of higher education in China has also been rising in recent years, making it increasingly difficult for students from low-income families to afford a college education.Lack of qualified faculty. China's higher education system is also facing a shortage of qualified faculty. This is due in part to the fact that many of the country's best and brightest students are leaving China to study and work abroad.Limited access to research funding. China's higher education system also has limited access to research funding. This makes it difficult for universities to conduct the research that is necessary to drive innovation and economic growth.2. What are the opportunities for China's higher education?Despite the challenges it faces, China's higher education system also has a number of opportunities for growth. These opportunities include:Growing demand for higher education. The increasingdemand for higher education in China represents a significant opportunity for the country's universities. By expanding their capacity and improving the quality of their programs, universities can meet the needs of a growing number of students and contribute to the country's economic development.Government support for higher education. The Chinese government has made a commitment to supporting higher education. This support includes increased funding for universities, as well as policies that encourage students to pursue higher education.Strong ties to industry. China's universities have strong ties to industry, which provides them with access to resources and expertise. This collaboration can help universities to develop programs that are relevant to the needs of the workplace and to prepare students for successful careers.Internationalization of higher education. China's higher education system is becoming increasinglyinternationalized. This trend is providing Chinese students with the opportunity to study and work abroad, and it is also helping to attract foreign students to China.中文回答：1. 中国高等教育发展面临哪些挑战？中国高等教育近年来取得了长足发展，但同时也面临着诸多挑战。
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专业英语四级写作冲刺讲义第一部分：专业英语四级写作题型1）旧题：Direction-Write2）新题：Read-Summarize-CommentRead carefully the following except on term-time holiday arguments in the U.K. and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:•summarize the main message of the except, and then•comment on whether parents should take children out of school for holiday during term time in order to save money.第二部分：不变1）题材●环保、社会经济发展、诚信、文化●教育择业、人生哲理（价值观）、时尚●爱心和伦理、健康、网络电讯2）核心内容（开篇点题-关联词-核心例证）第三部分：变●第一段●做题流程第四部分：做题流程1）阅读：首尾、转折、否定2）归纳主旨、看出写作题材3）第一段：模板+主题词●不能没有模板（原创的危险性）●也不能只背模板句●模板和文章指向内容相融合4）第二段：提供相应例证对于主题进行支持5）第三段：呼应第一段第五部分：怎么套第一段1）第一句话：5-8秒2）第二句话：抓住议论文的特点，用模板句过渡3）总结文章的主题，形成填空The essay mainly discusses the issue of a fully automatic automobile in Mountain View, California. By providing concrete facts, complete statistics and an in-depth analysis, the author states that a driverless car can change the traditional idea that human wisdom can be superior to the machines, as can be seen in the following paragraphs.54 words4）如何填空●定名词，不要乱换●换动词，换（消）形容词●换句型和语序第六部分：定住第一段，才能写好第二段1）如何进行头脑风暴物质金钱责任爱心作息娱乐健康方便快捷沟通安全时尚素质成功违法文化发展环保趋势管制2）背诵顺序●先宏观题材●再微观题材●注意人生哲理和教育择业（和八级考试类似）第七部分：先宏观、再微观1）先宏观参考范文The essay above mainly discusses the advantages (benefits) and disadvantages (drawbacks) of tourism development. By providing concrete facts, complete statistics and in-depth analysis, the author holds that tourism industry is of great importance (indispensable) for a nation under rapid economic growth. In this process, the importance of environmental protection cannot be ignored, as can be seen in the following paragraphs.There’s no denying the fact that (Evidently/Beyond doubt/Undeniably,) there exist some problems such as air quality degradation and water pollution. The most serious ones even include the loss of local ecological balance (a terrorist attack), while the minor ones are the commuting inconvenience to the local residents. This statement does have a grain of truth at the first glimpse. But it must be pointed out that the social and economic return of tourism is attractive. For one thing, in the process of developing this industry, a tourist city can not only pool its various resources, but also adjust its industrial structure. In this way, infrastructure construction can be greatly strengthened, hence providing a solid basis to the sustaining urban growth. For another thing, tourism growth will provide new incentive to the local economy, because its boom often becomes a source of government revenue as well as a provider of job opportunities. To conclude, the influence of encouraging tourism industry is far reaching, in terms of social development and economic reward （international image）.To sum up, it is essential that a country provide mechanism for the development of tourism industry. To bring its negative influence under control, the government department can make plans for the environmental conservation. In this way, a tourist city can impress the outside world with its new image: a place with beautiful scenes, meanwhile, with a high level of civilization.译文：上面的文章主要讨论的是，旅游业发展的优势（优点）和不利（不足）。
通过提供具体的事实、完整的数据和深入的分析，作者坚信旅游业对一个经济快速发展的国家来说是非常重要的（必不可少的）。
在这个过程中，环境保护的重要性不容忽视，将在下一段中得到体现。
无可否认的事实是（显然/无疑/不能否认地）存在一些问题像空气质量恶化和水污染。
最严重的一个问题甚至包括当地生态失衡（一次恐怖袭击），其次是对当地居民通勤的不便利。
这个观点乍一看确实有可取之处。
但是必须指出的是旅游业对社会和经济反哺是很具有吸引力的。
一方面，旅游业的发展过程中，一个旅游城市不仅仅汇聚各种资源，同时也能调整产业结构。
如此，基础设施建设能得到极大的加强，以此给城市持续发展提供一个稳定基础。
另一方面，旅游业发展将给当地经济提供新的刺激性鼓励，因为经济繁荣常常会变成大量财政收入和许多的岗位。
总之，就社会发展和经济回报（国际形象）鼓励旅游业发展的影响是深远的。
总而言之，一个国家为发展旅游业提供机制是非常必要的。
为控制其负面影响，政府部门可以指定环境保护的计划。
这样的话，一个旅游城市可以以其全新的形象惊艳外面的世界：一个拥有美丽风景的城市，同时，也有高度的文明。
补充好词好句：绕着五点走1）建立机制：In the issue of 主题词(misleading information and empty promises in the advertisements), it is essential that an effective feedback mechanism (should) be set up at the government level.2）制定计划：In this framework, the relevant government departments are supposed to make concrete plans to control … (promote …).3）听专家的话：Meanwhile, advice from researchers and experts cannot be ignored: After all, they are more professional and qualified, especially in the process of policy making (in the establishment of quality standard system).4）媒体的力量：The mainstream media, including TV stations and websites, is also an indispensable part. They can launch a campaign in (give a wide coverage to) the issue. In this way, the general public can form the awareness that … is the mainstream (the general trend), and then play their part in this matter.5）结尾1: In a sense, it is not why the issue exists in our society, but what should be done to handle it properly.6）Having read this essay, some readers might think that my proposals are somewhat conservative, no less traditional, but they are at least rational and realistic.7）My advices sound general, because I am not professional in this field, but they are at leastrational and realistic.题材1：人生哲理和态度Passage One:‘Failure’ means the lack of success. This word is synonymous to all negative and heart-breaking meanings of words in the adjective list. You can rate this word from 1 to 10 depending on how intense your failure means to you. Failure is as lethal as hurricane Katrina or the great Asian tsunami because it has claimed plenty of lives as well. Because of failure in any of the areas mentioned above, many people have committed to resulting in death rather than face another day filled with shame. However, these people have failed to acknowledge in their short-lived lives that failure is an essential ingredient before someone reaches success or before someone can achieve his/her goals. Christina Aguilera’s song couldn’t hav e said it better: ‘It makes me that much stronger, makes me work a little bit harder, it makes me that much wiser , thanks for making me a fighter.’ A success without failure is not a success at all. Life wouldn’t be sweeter without having a pinch or two o f failures along the way. You know, what doesn’t kill you will make you stronger. It’s true. And failures in life will do it to you.There are a lot of ways the words ‘success’ and ‘failure’ can be defined. These areas may be relating to your career or your education. It can even be about your relationship inside your family, your special someone, or even with your friends. Success and failure could also be found in the areas of seeking the path towards God or religion and even on your path towards self-development and your grand voyage towards self-perfection. It may also be about money. Success and failure can really go beyond the bounds of how a person’s past, present, and future are going to be. These two words are interrelated. They are intertwined. Success can never happen without going through a series of failures. Even when you become successful, the risk will remain as high for you to fail again. The relationship of success and failure is really more like a big wheel–you go up and then you go down. But one thing is for sure, success and failure is one of the greatest paradoxes in life.Why is failure essential to success, and what can your successes learn from failure? Here are the distinctions of the two terms that make them such a great paradox in life.参考范文：1）如果是旧题考试：Some people think that failure is not always a bad thing. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.有些人认为失败并不总是一件坏事。