中石油2016通用英语选读课文40Fundamental Techniques in Handling People处理人际关系的基本技巧
2019年版中石油职称英语新增20课.doc
2019年版中石油职称英语新增20课篇一：20XX新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第11-20课_课文精讲中石油职称英语考试20XX版60篇通用选读学习心得（20篇新课文，考过的大题已标出）目录31PETROLEUMGEOLOGYANDOTHERSCIENCES石油地质学与其它科学.错误！未定义书签。
32.THECALIFORNIAGOLDRUSH加利福尼亚淘金热(20XX新版).错误！未定义书签。
33WHATDOPARENTSOWETHEIRCHILDREN 父母欠子女什么？.错误！未定义书签。
34.SHOULDYOUGOORGANIC?你应该“有机”吗？（N20XX新增）错误！未定义书签。
35YOUBETYOURLIFE以命相赌错误！未定义书签。
36.TOBECONTENTWITHONESLOT乐天知命.错误！未定义书签。
37IDIDNTKNOWHOWTOTEACHUNTILIMETYOU直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学错误！未定义书签。
38RESERVOIRPRODUCTIONMECHANISMS油藏开采机理（20XX 新版）.错误！未定义书签。
39A$210,000W ALLET价值21万美元的钱包.错误！未定义书签。
40FUNDAMENTALTECHNIQUESINHANDLINGPEOPLE处理人际关系的基本技巧错误！未定义书签。
11SmokingandCancer吸烟和癌(1970figures).Thisistheequivalentof4,195cigarettes据估计>51%ofAmericanmensmokeparedwith34%ofAmericanwomen.1、美国人每年抽烟60亿支(1970年的统计数字)。
这大致等于每个18岁以上的人一年要吸4195支烟。
据估计，美国有51％的男性吸烟，而女性吸烟的比例则为34％。
2.Since1939,scientificstudiestodeterminewhethersmokingis.hasbeenandin dicatesthatthereisthatsmoking,particularlycigarettesmoking,shortenedlife.2、1939年以来，为了确定抽烟是否有害健康进行了大量的科学研究。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第31-40课-课文精讲.pdf
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录31 PETROLEUM GEOLOGY AND OTHER SCIENCES 石油地质学与其它科学(2007版) (2)32 THE CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH加利福尼亚淘金热 (2016新增) (6)33 WHAT DO PARENTS OWE THEIR CHILDREN 父母欠子女什么？ (11)34 SHOULD YOU GO ORGANIC? 你应该“有机”吗？（N2016新增） (15)35 YOU BET YOUR LIFE 以命相赌 (20)36 TO BE CONTENT WITH ONE'S LOT乐天知命 (24)37 I DIDN'T KNOW HOW TO TEACH UNTIL I MET YOU 直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学 (30)38 RESERVOIR PRODUCTION MECHANISMS油藏开采机理（2016新增） (34)39 A $210,000 WALLET 价值21万美元的钱包 (38)40 FUNDAMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN HANDLING PEOPLE 处理人际关系的基本技巧 (42)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分…，是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
31 Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences 石油地质学与其它科学(2007版)【2007版，2010版，2013版，2016版】【2011年第7、8段翻译】1. Petroleum geology is the application【应用，接to】of geology (the study of rocks) to the exploration【勘探】for and production【生产】of oil and gas. Geology itself is firmly 【牢牢地】based on 【建立在…基础上】chemistry, physics, and biology, involving【包括】the application【后接to】of essentially【本质上】abstract【adj.抽象的，n.文摘】concepts to observed【观察的】data【资料】. In the past these data were basically【基本上】observation 【观察】and subjective【主观的】, but they are now increasingly physical and chemical, and therefore【因此】more objective【客观的】. Geology, in general【总的来说】, and petroleumgeology, in particular【特别，尤其】value judgements based on experience and an assessment【评估】of validity【有效性】among the data presented.1、石油地质学是地质学（岩石研究）在油气勘探开发和生产中的应用。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文45How to Become a Scientist怎样才能成为一名科学家
45 How to Become a Scientist怎样才能成为一名科学家1.Looking back at the time,nearly seventy years ago,when the love of science took hold of<吸引，控制住>me,I think of no big event but of many small things that influenced me.As a child I read books and learned lessons,but I did not have much curiosity<好奇>about the natural world<自然界>.This began to change when I looked at the stars.In Australia,where I grew up,the skies are often clear.I learned to recognize the stars and the constellations<n星座，星群，灿烂的一群>,and I chose a book about astronomy<n天文学> for a school prize<奖品>in 1931.The stars are there,you cannot change them,you can learn about them only by measuring<测量> their positions and analysing the light that comes from them.But they taught me a lesson in science when I learned about the solar system <太阳系>and was able on a clear night to picture<想象> myself as a mote<n尘埃，微粒> on a rotating<旋转> globe<地球>,carried along the earth’s orbit<轨道> and looking outward.1.回想过去，大约70年前，占据我身心的是对科学的热爱，我想不出有什么影响我的重大事件，而是想到了许多影响过我的小事。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文46Cultural Taboos文化禁忌
46 Cultural Taboos<禁忌> 文化禁忌1. The speed and convenience<便利> of modern travel means that destinations<目的地>that used to take a long time to travel to<朝…旅行>can now be reached quickly and easily.Even though "faraway" countries may now seem closer thanks to<由于，多亏> air travel, they may still be different from your home country. Therefore, it is important to adapt<适应于，改善>your behavior so that you don't insult<冒犯，凌辱>or offend<得罪> the local people. The following are some fundamental<基本的> rules that will make communication easier and your trip more enjoyable.1、现代旅行的速度和便捷意味着过去需要花很长时间才能抵达的目的地现在可以又快又轻松地到达。
尽管由于可以乘坐飞机旅行，“遥远”的国家似乎更近了，但是它们也许仍然与你自己的国家有所不同。
因此，改善你的行为从而不冒犯或不得罪当地人非常重要。
以下几条基本规则将会使交际变得更容易，使你的旅行更愉快。
2. First, never raise your voice in order to make yourself understood. If you do not know the word for something in the local language, or cannot make yourself understood verbally<adv口头地，用言辞地>, try drawing a picture or pointing to an object. Remember, though, that pointing directly at a person can be highly offensive<无礼的，冒犯的>in some cultures. If you have to point something out, do so<如此做> by gesturing<做手势> towards the object, with the palm<手掌> of your hand flat<变平>, facing upward, and your fingers outstretched<伸出，扩大>. Before you travel, try learning some basic words or phrases of the local language. Most useful are those that express gratitude<感激> and politeness<有礼貌>such as words for please, thank you, and may I, as well as basic greetings<问候用语>.2、首先，千万不要为了让别人听懂你的话语而提髙嗓门高声大叫(in order to do sth. 为了做某事)。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第21-30课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》学习笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录21.AND ALL THAT JAZZ关乎爵士乐(2016版新增) (2)22 THE GERMANIC LANGUAGES 日耳曼语系（2010版） (6)23 HOW AMERICANS EAT AND DRINK 美国人的饮食（2007版） (10)24 THE DELIGHTS OF SOUTH ISLAND 南岛之乐（2010版） (13)25 HINTS TO IMPROVE SPOKEN ENGLISH 提高英语口语须知（2007版） (17)26 THE MAGIC OF ENERGY 能的魔力（2007版） (21)27. WHEN YOU TRAVEL TO A LARGE CITY旅行在都市（2016版新增） (25)28 THAT "OTHER WOMAN" IN MY LIFE 我生命中的“另一个女人”（2007版） (29)29 GEOGRAPHY OF USA 美国地理概况（2007版） (32)30 THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA (EXCERPT) 老人与海(节选)(2010版) (37)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分…，是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
21.And All That Jazz关乎爵士乐(2016版新增)1.Have you ever heard the expression（说法、表达）, —and all that Jazz”？When people say that to day, it’s slang which means much the same thing as et cetera （等等）or “and so forth（等等）.” You may use it yourself. Jazz, it seems, has had quite a few（相当多）meanings. Through the history （历史）of jazz, it has meant many different kinds of music to many different people.1.你听过这种说法吗，“像爵士乐一般，诸如此类的东西”？现在人们把它用作俚语，意思和“等等”，“以此类推”类似。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第41-50课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录41. HAPPINESS INDEX幸福指数 (2)42 BECOMING WEALTHY: IT'S UP TO YOU 致富取决于你自己 (7)43 OIL 石油 (10)44 JOB SATISFACTION <NEW> (13)45. HOW TO BECOME A SCIENTIST <NEW> (18)46. CULTURAL TABOOS文化禁忌 (21)47 MANAGING IN A GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT 在全球环境中进行管理 (25)48. THE CONSCIOUS USE OF THE SUBCONSCIOUS MIND <NEW> (29)49. THE BRITISH THROUGH MY EYES <NEW> (33)50 NOT QUITE READY TO RETIRE 退休为时尚早 (36)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分。
是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
41. Happiness Index幸福指数(index n. 索引；偏意：指数)1. In terms of happiness, your spouse—if you have one—is worth $100,000 a year.1、就幸福而言（in terms of 依据；按照），你的配偶(spouse)——如果你有的话——值10万美元一年（a year）。
2016年中国石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案
花了一天时间做了一份真题答案，特做几点申明：1、仅为参考答案，由于水平问题，可能与每个人的答案会有出入，见仁见智吧，毕竟官方不给出标准答案。
2、作答依据大部分来源于网上搜索，尽可能地找到原题出处，实在无法找到出处的根据个人理解给出答案。
3、每题后列出了题目出处，并做出简单解析。
前40题错误应该不多，阅读理解部分无法保证全对。
中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries, the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC. severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的thrive v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、I tell my mother about my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文07
7 Our Family Creed<n.信条>家族的信条1. They are the principles on which my wife and I have tried to bring up our family. They are the principles in which my father believed and by which he governed<管理> his life. They are the principles, many of them, which I learned at my mother's knee.1、这些是我和我太太在教育子女的时候所尽力倚仗的信条，这些是我父亲所深信并以之为人生律条的信条，这些信条中的大部分是我从母亲的膝下秉承而来的。
2. They point the way to usefulness and happiness in life, to courage and peace in death.2、这些信条告诉人们如何快乐而有所作为地活着，也告诉人们如何勇敢而安详地面对死亡。
3. If they mean to you what they mean to me, they may perhaps be helpful also to our sons for their guidance<n.指导> and inspiration<n.鼓舞人心的事或人>. 3、假如这些信条于诸位的意义如同它们于我的意义，那么也许它们可以有效地指导和鼓舞我们的儿女们。
4. Let me state<vt.陈述，说明> them:4、让我说出这些信条：5. I believe in the supreme<adj.极度的，极大的，至高的，最高的> worth of the individual and in his right<n.权利> to life, liberty<n.自由>, and the pursuit<n.追赶，追求，追寻，追击> of happiness.5、我相信，个人拥有无上的价值，拥有生存、自由和追求幸福的权利。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》ltm_第01-10课-课文精讲(纠错版)
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则（2016新增） (1)2. Network Security 网络安全 (2013新增)(2013阅读题) (3)3 .All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的... . (6)4. How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判(2013新增) (9)5.Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料 (12)6. Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself 无人驾驶汽车(2013版新增) (15)7. Our Family Creed 家族的信条（2007版） (18)8. The art of public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术(2007版) (21)9. Oil and Gas Generation油气生成（2016版新增） (24)10.The Dress Code for Office Life办公室的着装礼仪（2016版新增） (27)1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则（2016新增）If you are asked to chair(主持，椅子) a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting management(管理，regulation).如果要求你主持一个会议，记住以下有关主持会议的六大准则。
1.Always start the meeting on time(准时，按时). If you begin on time, group members who show up(出席，到场，appear) late will realize the value of time. Beginning on time reflects(反射，映出) skill as an effective(有效的，efficient) time manager and sets a precedent(先例，前例) for others to follow.1.总要准时开会。
中石油职称英语课文讲稿1-60第01课（20）
中石油职称英语课文讲稿1-60第01课（20）第一篇：中石油职称英语课文讲稿1-60第01课 (20)1.The need for effective[adj.有效的] public speaking will almost certainly touch you sometime[adv.将来某个时候,过去某个时间] in your life.When it does, you want to be ready.But even if you never give another speech in your life, you still have much to gain from studying public speaking.Your speech class will give you training in researching topics, organizing[(organize):vt.组织] your ideas, and presenting yourself skillfully[技巧的].The training is invaluable[munication[n.交流，交际].非常宝贵的] for every type of1、在你生活的某个时刻，几乎必定需要做某种有影响力的公开演讲。
当这个时刻来到时，你希望自己十分有把握。
但是，即便你从未发表过一个演讲，你仍然会从学习公共演说中获益良多。
你的演讲课将会在研究主题、组织思路、和表现技巧方面对你进行训练。
这种训练对任何类型的交流都是非常宝贵的。
分析：；effective有效地，efficient效率高的；sometime某个时候，some time 一些时间，sometimes有时候，some times一些次数； even if =即使； present V.介绍，赠给，展现，a.出席的，到场的；invaluable=priceless 无价的，非常宝贵的，valueless=worthless没有价值的；2.There are many similarities[(similarity):n.相似,类似] between public speaking and daily conversation[n.谈话；交谈].The three major[a.主要的] goals of speaking-to inform[vt.传达], to persuade[vt.说服；to entertain[娱乐]-are also the three major 劝说], goals of everyday conversation.In conversation, almost without thinking about it, you employ[vt.使用] a wide range[n.一系列] of skills[(skill):n.技能；技巧].You organize[vt.组织] your ideas logically[符合逻辑的].You tailor[vt.修改] your message to youraudience[n.听众].You tell a story for maximum[最大量(的)] impact[n.You adapt[v.使适应,使适合]影响].to feedback[n.回授,反馈] from your listener.These are among the most important skills[(skill):n.技能；技巧] you will need for public speaking.2、在公开演讲和日常交谈之间有许多类似的东西。
2013新版中石油职称英语《通用英语选读》篇目分析
2013新版选读目录（20篇新课文，考过大题的已标出）1, The Value of Time 时间的价值（新）2, English is a Crazy Language 英语是一种疯狂的语言3, All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的......4, How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判（新）5, Network Security 网络安全（新）6, Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料7, Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself 无人驾驶汽车（新）8, Our Family Creed 家族的信条9, The Art of Public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术（06年阅读题）10, Sweep a Fuel Craft Invest Fever 清洁能源行业投资热潮（新）11, Smoking and Cancer 吸烟和癌（11年阅读题）12, The Positive Meanings of Love 爱的真谛（新）13, Does Exercise Have Unexpected Benefits?运动有奇效吗？(新）14, Taking chances,Making chances 抓住机遇，制造机遇15, The Province of Alberta 阿尔伯达省16, The American Way: Family 美国人的家庭观（新）17, Computers Give Big Boosts to Productivity 计算机技术极大提高生产效率(新）18, The Principles of International Trade国际贸易原理（新）19, A World without Oil假如世界上没有石油20, The Germanic Languages日耳曼语系21, How Americans Eat and Drink美国人的饮食22, The Delights of South Island南岛之乐23, A Sandpiper to Bring You Joy矶鹞带来快乐24, An Introduction to Distillation蒸馏概述25, Hints to Improve Spoken English提高英语口语须知26, The Moon---Riddle from the Past月球---来自远古之谜（08年阅读题）27, The Delight of Books书之乐趣28, The Magic of Energy能的魔力（07年阅读题）29, How to Reduce Employee Turnover如何减少员工流失（新）30, That "Other Woman" in My Life我生命中的“另一个女人”31, Geography of USA美国地理概况32, The Old Man and the Sea(Excerpt)老人与海（节选）33, Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences石油地质学与其他科学(12年翻译题）34, What do Parents Owe Their Children父母欠子女什么？35, Trends for 21st Century21世纪的趋势（新）36, You Bet Your Life以命相赌37, Radiation and Human Health辐射与人体健康（新）38, To Be Content with One's Lot乐天知命（新）39, I Didn't Know How to Teach until I Met You直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学40, An Introduction to Petrochemicals石油化工产品概述（05年翻译题）41, The Subject of Smiling微笑问题（新）42, A $210,000 Wallet价值21万美元的钱包43, What's Your Best Time of Day?何时是你一天中最佳的时间？（新）44, Fundamental Techniques in Handling People处理人际关系的基本技巧45, Happiness Index幸福指数（新）44, The Versatile Lead Pencil(07版，07年阅读题）46, Becoming Wealthy: It's Up to You致富取决于你自己（04年翻译题）47, Oil 油（06年阅读题）48, Ocean Plant Life in Decline海洋植物数量锐减（新）49, Cultural Taboos文化禁忌（新）50, Managing in a Global Environment在全球环境中进行管理51, Not Quite Ready to Retire退休为时尚早52, Sales Promotion产品促销53, Another Happiness另一种快乐54, Why to Mark a Book为什么要在书上做标记55, Earth's Last Frontier: the Sea海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域56, Why Antarctica is Being Explored为什么要勘探南极洲(11年阅读题）57, Listening Faults聆听的误区(12年阅读题）58, Your are What You Think你认为自己是什么样的人，就是什么样的人（10年翻译题）59, The Audacity of Hope有希望则无所畏惧60, Future of Energy能源的未来（新）。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第51-60课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录51. THOSE FASCINATING NORTHERN LIGHTS 迷人的北极光（2016新版） (2)52 SALES PROMOTION 产品促销 (6)53. OIL REFINING 石油炼制（2016新增） (6)54 ANOTHER HAPPINESS 另一种快乐 (13)55. IT’S NEVER TOO LATE FOR SUCCESS成功不分早晚（2016新增） (16)56 WHY TO MARK A BOOK 怎样在书上做标记 (20)57 EARTH'S LAST FRONTIER:THE SEA 海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域 (24)58. OUR MANY RESPONSES TO PAIN <NEW> (29)59. FOREST FIRES: A MAJOR DISASTER <NEW> (33)60 WHY ANTARCTICA IS BEING EXPLORED 为什么要勘探南极洲 (38)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分。
是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
51. Those Fascinating Northern Lights 迷人的北极光（2016新增）1. At 10:00 p.m. on March 23，1969, the Bowater Power Water Company in Deer Lake, Newfoundland experienced a disturbance on its system. The frequency converter at Comer Brook tripped off, shutting down half of the big paper mill. There was a radio blackout over most of the Atlantic Provinces. And accompanying these activities was a magnificient display of northern lights —boiling up out of the north and hanging in bundles of long rays like draperies across the sky. Ninety-three million miles away, a rather ugly looking sunspot was making its way across the disc of the sun.1. 1969年3月23曰晚上10点，保华特水电公司（the Bowater Power Water Company)位于纽芬兰（Newfoundland)鹿湖的设备系统出现了异常；科纳布鲁克（ComerBrook)的变频器跳间，使得一半的大造纸厂停产；大西洋沿岸各省的无线电中断。
中石油职称英语选读2016-文化.
4.How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判1.The US is an attractive market. Its business culture, which has brought the world "shareholder value" and "IPOs", has been leading mercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so. But whoever wants to succeed in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.1、美国是一个富有吸引力的市场。
它给世界带来的诸如“股东价值”和“首次公开募股”的商业文化近几年来一直引导着商业思想，并且在未来几年内还将保持。
但是无论是谁，想要在美国取得成功，都必须记住游戏的规则。
business is described by the lyrics of the song New York, New York: "If you can make it here, you can make it anywhere!" Yet a euphoric approach to business is by no means enough. Although business munication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time ruthlessly focused.2、美国的商业，在《纽约，纽约》这首歌的歌词中是这样描述的：“如果你能在这里取得成功，你就能在别的任何地方取得成功!”但是愉快的做生意的方法是绝对不够的。
最新中石油通用英语选读(更新)
3.学会倾听。常见的是，我们想的是我们将要说些什么，因此就妨碍了 听取别的与会者说出的合理论点。再有，我们经常只听我们想要听的，而不 是真正地倾听他人的意见。能有效倾听意见的会议是成功的会议。
4.让讨论紧扣主题。往往许多重大问题在会议上容易离题，特别是当每 位与会者对问题意见不同时。如果会前你己预料到会有冲突发生，那就提前 与当事人交换一下意见。如果会议期间有未曾预料到的冲突发生，委派一个 小组委员会对出现的问题予以调査，或者请卷入冲突的人员会后与你再谈。 这样能够让讨论紧扣主题，并尽可能少浪费与会者的宝贵时间。
38.Reservoir Production Mechanisms
39.A $210,000 Wallet
40.Fundamental Techniques in Handling People ..
41.Happiness Index
42.Becoming Wealthy: It's Up to You
56.Why to Mark a Book
57.Earth's Last Frontier: The Sea
年中石油职称英语真题及答案
2016年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences inthis section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC. severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的thrive v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward 【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。
【释义】brag v.吹嘘；自吹自擂lie v.躺；说谎；撒谎；在于boast v.自夸；自吹自擂；有（值得自豪的东西）secretive adj.（思想、情感等）不外露的；惯于掩藏自己的；有城府的feelawkward为难；作难；犯难3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A. continueB. hurryC. beginD.discontinue 【参考答案】D【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。
石油人中石油职称英语等级考试第41--50课练习题
石油人中石油职称英语等级考试第41--50课练习题Lesson 411.The main objective【目的】in producing chemicals from petroleum is the ____ of a variety of chemical compounds. A. formation形成 B.fundamental基本的C. fountain喷泉D. friction摩擦，冲突2. Petrochemicals are generally chemical ______ derived from petroleum.A. compounds化合物B. complex复杂的C. combined组合的D. complicated复杂的3. Natural gas is quite ____ in composition【成分】.A.visible可见的B.violent暴力的C.vertical垂直的D.variable易变的4. It is likely ____in excess【超过】of 90% of chemicals employed today are derived【源于】 from these sources.A.whichB. thatC.whatD.when5.The costs of the reactant【反应的】equipment【设备】,must also be taken into____.A.consider v.考虑B.considerable可观的，相当多的C.considerate体贴的D.consideration考虑6.The petrochemical industry has grown with the petroleum industry and is considered by some to be a____industry.A.nature大自然B.measure测量C.mature【成熟的】D.temperature温度7.The ____ of materials such as petrochemicals is used to indicate【表明】 the source of the chemical compounds.A.classification【分类】B.classify分类C.indication指示D.indicate指示，指出Lesson 421. I suggest you _____the mind and body you've been given asa real asset【资产】.A.to think aboutB.thinking aboutC.have thought aboutD.think about考虑2.Buffett told his audience you only get one shot at life and told about _____ his first car at age 16.A.looking for寻找B.heading for出发，前往C.longing for渴望D.making for前往3. "Dr. Angelou is truly a _____ woman.A. philosophy哲学B. phenomenon现象C. phenomenal杰出的D. physical物理学的，身体的4. Morgan was born and _____in Omaha in an area that was served by Girls Inc.A.rised升起B.arised出现，呈现C.reigned统治D. raised养育，抚养5. Girls Inc.,whose board【董事会】 is headed by Buffett'sdaughter,Susie,who ____ the auction idea.A.came up with提出B.came up to 符合，达到C.came up against碰到，遭遇D.came up走近6. （19）. The company owns a large number of _______ stores.【2010年考题】A. export出口B. bargain特价商品C. retail零售D. trade贸易Lesson 431.Don't ____ about the snow on your neighbor's roof," said Confucius【孔子】.A.conceive构想/doc/1116640360.html,plain抱怨/doc/1116640360.html,plaint抱怨 n./doc/1116640360.html,pile收集2.He not only ____ but he wrote letters and poems ridiculing 【嘲笑，戏弄】 people.A.criticized批评B.recognized认出C.initiated开始/doc/1116640360.html,anized组织3. What would Lincoln do if he ____ in my shoes?A.isB.wasC.areD. were 虚拟4.He was opposed to dueling,but he couldn't ____ it and save his honor.A.think highly of高度评价B.take charge of控制，掌管C.get out of摆脱D.get hold of抓住5. I studied the life of Abraham Lincoln for ten years and ___all of three years to writing and rewriting【改写】 a book.A.deposited存放，沉淀B.derived源于C.designed设计D.devoted奉献，投身6.On the morning of April 15,1865,Abraham Lincoln lay【lie】_____in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging house【招待所】.A.dieB.dyingC.diedD.death7.One of these letters_____ resentments【怨恨】 that burned for a lifetime.A.arouse d【引起，激发】B.around周围C.rose(rise)上升D.raised(raise)举起，抚养8. Shields,______ and proud【骄傲的】,boiled with indignation 【愤怒】.A.sensitive【敏感的】B.sensible明智的C.sense感觉D.sensor传感器Lesson 441. American pencil makers ______ their product by the millions.A. turn out生产，制造B. turn down关小，拒绝C. make of用..做成D. make out填写2. It appears that the lead pencil is here to stay. At least _____business and industry,educational【教育的】 institutions 【机构】 and the U.S. Government continue.A. as soon as一…就B. as long as 只要C. as much as差不多D. as far as直到，至于3.The modern long pencil can draw a line 35 miles in length.A. 7-inchedB. 7-inchC. 7-inchsD. 7-inches4.It was not until many years later ___ American pencils began to sell as well as European brands.A.whenB.whatC.whichD.that5.The lead pencil is the simplest,most____ and least expensive of all writing instruments【工具】.A.convention习俗，惯例B.conversation谈话C.convenient方便的D.conversion转化6.There is even a special electric【电的】 pencil ___for tests _____by electronic【电子的】 machines./doc/1116640360.html,ed checking/doc/1116640360.html,ing checked/doc/1116640360.html,ed checked/doc/1116640360.html,ing checking7. Any legal document which does not ____ otherwise can be legally signed in pencil.A.specify【指定】B.species种类C.specific明确的D.specification说明书，规格8.Two slats were glued together with the lead between. Themethod _____ still _____today.A.was usedB.is usedC.was being usedD.is being used9. (2.) The modem 7-inch long pencil can draw a line 35 miles in_____ 【2011年考题】A. gap间隔，差距B. interval间隔时间C. length长度，距离D. distance距离10.( 6.) Never one to _____ second best, John tried his best to solve the problem.【2011年考题】A. admit承认B. accept接受C. convince使相信D. receive收到Lesson 451.The income of high school dropouts is about __ that of Americans with a high school diploma.A. two-thirdB. two-thirdsC. second-thirdD. two-three2.Being able to save and accumulate __ wealth is not automatic 【自动的】.A. conscious有意识的B. considerate 体贴的C. considerable相当多的D. careful 仔细的3.Few people who __ of high school will be rich.A. check in登记，报道B. drop out退出C. check out检查，核对D. run down耗尽4.We do not necessarily【必要地】recommend【建议】that all people ____ a pure and joyless【不快乐】 life.A.would leadB.ledC. should leadD. to lead 虚拟5.From our____,becoming rich is really a matter of choice.A.personality个性B.permission允许C.petroleum石油D.perspective观点6.（20.）The cost of self-education has fallen with the multitude of sources of knowledge and information _______ on CD-ROMs and the Internet.【2010年考题】A. preferable更好的B. ready准备好的C. available可用的，可得到的D. considerable相当多的7. A professional【专业的】degree【学位】will ____an average annual【每年的】 income of about twice that of college graduates 【毕业生】.A.result from 由…产生B.rely on依赖，依靠C.refer to 提及D.result in【导致】8. （13.）A professional degree will __ an average annual income of about twice that of college graduates.【2011考题】A. feel like想要 B. result in导致C. hold on等一等，坚持D. keep to遵守，坚持9.（ 8.） The suppliers undoubtedly will get rich at the ___of the customers.【2011年考题】A. expanse广阔的区域B. spend度过，花费 v.C. warrant保证，担保D. expense花费，消费 n.at the expense of:以..为代价Lesson 461.The statement that oil originated in the sea is __ by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfield of the world.A. conformed遵守B. confirmed证实C. confined限制D. confessed承认2.The oil under the surface of the earth ______ in the distant past.A. manufactured制造B. generated 产生C. originated起源于D. estimated估计3.The costs may be so high that no company will ______ the work。
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40 Fundamental<基本的> Techniques in Handling<处理> People处理人际关系的基本技巧1. On the morning of April 15, 1865, Abraham Lincoln lay dying<奄奄一息地躺在> in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging<寄住的，暂住的> house directly across the street from Ford's Theater, where John Wilkes Booth had shot him. Lincoln's long body lay stretched<伸展> diagonally<adv斜线地，对角地> across a sagging<下陷的，下垂> bed that was too short for him. A cheap reproduction<复制品，仿制品> of Rosa Bonheur's famous painting The Horse Fair hung above the bed, and a dismal<adj阴暗的，阴沉的，凄凉的>gas jet<煤气喷嘴，煤气火焰>flickered<发出> yellow light.1.1865年4月15日清晨,亚伯拉罕.林肯奄奄一息地躺在福特戏院对面一家廉价客栈的卧房里。
约翰·威尔克斯·布斯枪杀了他。
那张下陷的床对身材修长的林肯而言实在太短了。
床的上方，挂着一件罗莎·邦赫的名画《马市》的廉价仿制品，一盏阴暗的煤气灯发出惨淡的黄晕。
2. As Lincoln lay dying, Secretary of War Stanton said, "There lie s the most perfect ruler<元首，统治者> of men that the world has ever seen."2.当林肯奄奄一息地躺着时，陆军部长斯坦顿说：“躺在这里的，是世界上有史以来最完美的元首。
”3. What was the secret of Lincoln's success in dealing with people? I studied the life of Abraham Lincoln for ten years and devoted<投入>all of three years to writing and rewriting<润色> a book entitled<书名叫做> Lincoln the Unknown. I believe I have made as detailed and exhaustive<adj透彻的，彻底的，无遗漏的，详尽的> a study of Lincoln's personality<个性，人格，人品> and home life as it is possible for any being to make. I made a special study of Lincoln's method of dealing with people. Did he indulge in<热衷于，沉湎于>criticism? Oh, yes. As a young man in the Pigeon Creek<n小溪，小河> Valley of Indiana, he not only criticize d but he wrote letters and poems<诗> ridiculing<vt嘲笑，奚落 n揶揄，嘲笑，奚落> people and dropped these letters on the country roads where they were sure to be found. One of these letters aroused<引起> resentments<n怨恨，愤恨>that burned for a lifetime.3.林肯待人方面成功的秘诀是什么？我花了十年的时间研究亚伯拉罕·林肯的一生，并投入(devote to + n. / doing sth)了整整三年的时间写作和润色一本叫做《林肯不为人知的一面》的书。
我相信我已经尽了人类一切的可能，对林肯的个性和他的家庭生活，做了详尽和透彻的研究。
关于林肯待人的方法我还做了特别的研究。
(make a study of v.仔细研究)林肯热衷于批评吗？是的，年轻时，他住在印第安纳州的鸽溪谷；他不但批评他人，还写信做诗揶揄别人，他把写好的信扔到乡间街道上故意让人看到，其中有一封信所引起的怨恨，延续了一辈子。
4. Even after Lincoln had become a practicing<开业的，在工作的> lawyer in Springfield, Illinois, he attacked<攻击> his opponents<对手> openly<公开地>in letters published in the newspapers. But he did this just once too often.4.林肯在伊利诺斯州的春田镇，挂牌做了律师后，甚至投书给报社，公开攻击他的对手。
虽然他多次做这样的事都得以幸免，但这次他却遭殃了。
5. In the autumn of 1842 he ridiculed<讥笑>a vain<自负的>, pugnacious<adj好斗的> politician<政客>by the name of James Shields. Lincoln damned<v讽刺，谴责>him through an anonymous<匿名的>letter published in Springfield Journal. The town roared with laughter<捧腹大笑，哄堂大笑>. Shields, sensitive<敏感的> and proud, boiled<怒火中烧，沸腾> with indignation<n愤怒>. He found out who wrote the letter, leaped<跳> on his horse, started after Lincoln, and challenged him to fight a duel<n/v决斗>. Lincoln didn't want to fight. He was opposed to dueling,but he couldn't get out of<退出> it and save his honor. He was given the choice of weapons<武器>. Since he had very long arms, he chose cavalry<n骑兵>broadswords<n大砍刀，阔刀，腰刀>and took lessons in sword fighting<刀术>from a West Point graduate; and, on the appointed day, he and Shields met on a sandbar<n沙洲> in the Mississippi River, prepared to fight to the death; but, at the last minute, their seconds<助阵者，助手> interrupted and stopped the duel.5.1842年秋季，林肯讥笑一个自大好斗的政客，这人叫詹姆斯·西尔滋。
林肯在春田的报上，刊登出一封匿名信讽刺他，令镇上的人都捧腹大笑起来。
西尔滋是个敏感和骄傲的人，怒火中烧。
他查出写这封信的人是谁，跳上了马，去找林肯(start after sb. )，要和他作一次决斗。
林肯不想打架，反对决斗，可是为了自己的面子又不能退出。
对方给他选择武器的自由。
林肯手臂特别长，就选了骑兵用的大砍刀，他向一位西点军校毕业生学习刀术。
到了指定的日期，他和西尔滋在密西西比河的河滩上碰头，准备决一死战，就在最后一刻，他们双方的助阵者介入并阻止了决斗。
6. That was the most lurid<adj可怕的，苍白的，耸人听闻的，血红的> personal incident<事件，小插曲> in Lincoln's life. It taught him an invaluable<无价的> lesson in the art of dealing with people. Never again did he write an insulting<侮辱的，无礼的> letter. Never again did he ridicule<取笑> anyone. (两句由Never 引导的倒装句。
) And from that time on<从那时起>, he almost never criticized anybody for anything.6.在林肯的一生中，这是件最可怕的个人事件。
在做人的艺术方面，林肯学到了无价的一课。
他再没有写过侮辱人的信，也没有取笑过任何人。
从那时起，他几乎没有因任何事而批评任何人。
7. Time after time<屡次>, during the Civil War, Lincoln put a new general<n将领，上将>at the head of the Army of the Potomac<波托马可河>, and each one in turn-McClellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, Meade-blundered<v犯错误，弄糟，跌跌撞撞地走n大错，失误>tragically<悲剧地，悲惨地>and drove Lincoln to pacing<踱步于，走动> the floor in despair<绝望>. Half the nation savagely<野蛮地，残忍地，粗暴地> condemned<vt谴责，判刑，处刑，声讨>these incompetent<无能力的，不能胜任的> generals, but Lincoln, "with malice<n怨恨，恶意，预谋，蓄意犯罪> toward none, with charity<仁爱，宽容> for all," held his peace. One of his favorite quotations<格言，引用> was "Judge<批评> not, that ye<别人> be not judged". And when Mrs. Lincoln and others spoke harshly<adv粗糙地，严厉地，刺耳地>of the southern people, Lincoln replied: "Don't criticize them; they are just what we would be under similar circumstances<情况，境遇>." He had learned by bitter<痛苦的> experience that sharp criticisms and rebukes<n/vt 指责> almost invariably<adv总是，不变地>end in futility<n无益的事，无益，无用，轻浮的言行>.7.美国内战的时候，林肯屡次委派新将领（依次有麦克克林、波伯、伯恩赛德、胡克、米德），统帅“波多马克”军队，可是他们都相继惨败而归，使林肯绝望地在地板上踱步。