博物馆 外文翻译 外文文献 英文文献
辛波斯卡 博物馆 英文原作
辛波斯卡博物馆英文原作The Szczepanówka Palace is a 19th-century neoclassical building located in the city of Bielsko-Biała, Poland. It was originally built for wealthy industrialist Juliusz Kindermann, but later became the property of the Lipowski family. In 1939, the palace was seized by Nazi Germany and used as a hospital during World War II. Following the war, the Polish government nationalized the property and converted it into a museum.Today, the palace is home to the Bielsko-Biała Museum, which showcases the history and culture of the region. The museum features a wide range of e某hibits, including archaeological finds, artwork, ethnographic objects, and historical artifacts.One of the most notable e某hibits is the Bielsko-Biała Goldsmithing Collection, which showcases the e某quisite handiwork of local goldsmiths over the centuries. The collection contains over 1,000 objects, including jewelry, silverware, and decorative objects. Visitors can admire the intricate designs and craftsmanship of these objects, which reflect the artistic sensibilities of the region.Another highlight of the museum is the Ethnographic Section, which e某plores the traditional folk culture of the Silesian region. The e某hibit includes clothing, tools, and household items from the 19th and early 20th centuries, giving visitors a glimpse into the daily lives of the region’s residents.The museum also features e某hibits dedicated to the history of the Bielsko-Biała region, including its industrial development, political history, and cultural heritage. Visitors can learn about the city’s founding and growth, its role in the region’s te某tile industry, and the impact of World War II on the area.In addition to the permanent e某hibits, the museum also hosts temporary e某hibitions on a wide range of topics. These e某hibits often focus on contemporary art, showcasing the workof local artists and e某ploring the cultural and social issuesof the region.。
介绍博物馆的英文读物作文
介绍博物馆的英文读物作文英文：As a museum enthusiast, I have always been fascinated by the rich history and cultural significance that museums hold. Museums are a treasure trove of knowledge and artifacts, offering a glimpse into the past and the evolution of human civilization. 。
One of the most compelling aspects of museums is the diverse range of exhibits they offer. From ancient relics to modern art, there is something for everyone to appreciate and learn from. For example, I recently visited the British Museum in London, where I was captivated by the stunning collection of Egyptian mummies and artifacts. The intricate details and historical significance of these exhibits left me in awe and deepened my appreciation for ancient civilizations.In addition to the exhibits, museums often hosteducational programs and events that engage visitors of all ages. These programs provide a deeper understanding of the exhibits and allow for interactive learning experiences. For instance, I participated in a workshop at the Louvre Museum in Paris, where I had the opportunity to learn about traditional painting techniques and create my own masterpiece. It was a fun and enriching experience that allowed me to connect with the art on a deeper level.Furthermore, museums play a crucial role in preserving and showcasing cultural heritage. They serve as a bridge between the past and the present, allowing future generations to appreciate and learn from the achievements of their ancestors. For instance, the Smithsonian National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C. housesiconic artifacts such as the original Star-Spangled Banner and Abraham Lincoln's top hat, preserving the history and culture of the United States for generations to come.In conclusion, museums are invaluable institutions that offer a wealth of knowledge, inspiration, and cultural enrichment. Whether it's exploring ancient civilizations,admiring timeless art, or participating in educational programs, museums provide a unique and immersive experience that fosters a deeper understanding of the world around us.中文：作为一个博物馆爱好者，我一直被博物馆所蕴含的丰富历史和文化意义所吸引。
犹太人博物馆英文介绍作文
犹太人博物馆英文介绍作文英文：Jewish Museum: A Place to Learn about Jewish Culture and History。
I recently visited the Jewish Museum in New York City and was impressed by the extensive collection of artifacts and exhibits that showcase Jewish culture and history. The museum is located in the Upper East Side of Manhattan and is housed in a beautiful historic building that was once a mansion.As I walked through the museum, I learned about therich history of the Jewish people and their contributions to various fields such as art, music, science, and literature. One of the highlights of my visit was the exhibit on Jewish immigration to the United States, which featured personal stories and artifacts from immigrants who came to America in search of a better life.Another interesting exhibit was the one on Jewish holidays and traditions, which explained the significance of various customs such as lighting the menorah during Hanukkah and eating matzah during Passover. I also enjoyed seeing the collection of Jewish art, which included works by famous artists such as Marc Chagall and Max Weber.Overall, the Jewish Museum is a great place to learn about Jewish culture and history. The exhibits are informative and engaging, and the museum staff are knowledgeable and friendly. I highly recommend a visit to anyone who is interested in learning more about this fascinating culture.中文：犹太人博物馆，了解犹太文化和历史的好地方。
博物馆英语介绍作文带翻译
博物馆英语介绍作文带翻译Museum Introduction。
As one of the most popular tourist attractions in the city, the museum has been attracting visitors from all over the world for many years. It is a place where visitors can learn about the history, art, and culture of the region, and it is also a place where they can appreciate the beauty of the exhibits.The museum is located in the heart of the city, and it is easily accessible by public transportation. The building itself is a work of art, with its modern design and stunning architecture. The interior of the museum is just as impressive, with its spacious galleries and well-lit exhibits.One of the highlights of the museum is its collection of ancient artifacts. Visitors can see everything from pottery and sculptures to jewelry and weapons, all of whichprovide a glimpse into the lives of the people who lived in the region thousands of years ago.Another popular exhibit is the art collection, which includes works by some of the most famous artists of the region. Visitors can see everything from traditional paintings and sculptures to modern installations and multimedia displays.The museum also has a number of interactive exhibits that are designed to engage visitors of all ages. There are hands-on displays that allow visitors to touch and explore the exhibits, as well as multimedia presentations that provide a deeper understanding of the history and culture of the region.Overall, the museum is a must-see attraction for anyone visiting the city. With its impressive collection of artifacts, stunning architecture, and engaging exhibits, it is a place that visitors will want to return to again and again.博物馆介绍。
大英博物馆 英文介绍
Museum of medieval European (欧洲中世纪文物馆)
Oriental Art Museum (东方艺术文物馆)
Exhibits of Egyptian Antiquities Museum
Rosetta Stone 罗塞塔石碑
Mandarin fish (元代鳜鱼图案青花瓷盘)
Consists ofቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱfive museums
the largest museum of exhibition
(最大的陈列馆)
Egyptian Antiquities Museum (埃及文物馆)
West Museum (西亚文物馆)
Museum of Greece
and Rome (希腊罗马文物馆)
Museum of Greece
and Rome
(希腊罗马文物馆)
China, Japan, India, other Southeast Asian countries
Museum of medieval European (欧洲中世纪文物馆)
Oriental Art museum (东方艺术文物馆)
British Museum
General situation
The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture in London. Its collections, which number more than 7 million objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginning to the present.
外文文献
英文文献资料外文文献一：Food safety: the shocking truth about the food industrySource: Author: Marion Nestle、Refrigeration technology, pasteurization, pesticides, disease control, these technologies so that safe food into the 20th century, public health's greatest achievements. This book view is that food safety problems also depend on politics. September 2001 events to dispel this view of the doubts about aviation aircraft used by terrorists as a destruction of weapons to civilians and public figures have anthrax spores sent folder of letters, the consequences of these events shows, food, water can easily become a a tool for terrorists, it has also become the federal government for food safety control problem.This chapter will sum up this book referred to in the various food safety problems. Some of them threatened to keep animals healthy, very few will lead to a number of human diseases. Even so, these issues impact on human well-being is deep; large-scale destruction of breeding animals, affecting the livelihood of many people, limiting personal freedom. The 20th century, 90's and early 21st century, an outbreak of mad cow disease and foot and mouth disease Although this is only because of errors caused by the production process, but still brings a lot of destructive. In contrast, bio-terrorism is the deliberate use of biological and chemical substances to achieve their political objectives. For food safety issues,Bio-terrorism extends food safety issues and political outreach; deliberate destruction, excluding any consequences of innocent injury.In this chapter, we will discuss how the rise of bio-terrorism, food safety issues and extend the extension of food safety issues. In the United States, food safety, usually refers to the family food supply reliability. E-mail from the anthrax incident, the food safety issues, also includes safety from biological terrorism. Our discussion will be the beginning of some zoonotic diseases: such as mad cow disease, foot and mouth disease, anthrax. In recent years, these zoonotic diseases harmful to humans is relatively small. Today, for these zoonotic diseases, we are concerned that they may give rise to disease, destruction of food supply system,To become a tool for bio-terrorism aspect. This chapter summarizes the discussion of this book, fromsociety and from a personal point of view what action should be taken to face these issues, as well as food safety issues present and future.The political animal diseasesOne of the consequences of globalization is that of food cross-border long-distance rapid transit, affecting food supply all kinds of disease can easily spread from one country to another country. Animal diseases have a commercial impact, if a country has come to infectious diseases of animals, other countries will refuse to import the kinds of animal meat. The impact of business at the same time there are political consequences.Britain's mad cow disease and foot and mouth disease occurred as a result of beef in the production process caused by mismanagement, compared to the U.S. anthrax letters is a result of vandalism. However, this three kinds of threatening to cause great panic, they are difficult to detect control, can cause severe disease. Moreover, these three kinds of threats against people for the food supply, as well as confidence in the Government.Mad cow is the mid-20th century, 90 of the most popular of a food security crisis, the epidemic is mainly limited to the United Kingdom. With regard to BSE-related issues and our discussion, mainly because of political issues and scientific issues intertwined Among them, public confidence had a great impact. For example, the British Government in the BSE crisis in the practice is also considered to result in distrust of genetically modified food one of the reasons. The beginning of the 20th century, 80 years, no one had heard of the disease, but in 1999, this disease affects at least 175,000 British cattle. The consequences are very serious: 400 million head of livestock were slaughtered, the loss of 70 billion U.S. dollars,Spread to 18 countries worldwide national boycott of British beef. By 2001 only, although "only" 120 people died of the human variant of mad cow disease, it is estimated the death toll will reach 10 million people. Because mad cow disease revealed the modern politics of food safety issues, it is worth detailing.英文文献中文翻译06013618 胡冬敏外文翻译一：作者：玛丽恩·内斯特尔出版时间：2004年11月食品安全：令人震惊的食品行业真相（美）玛丽恩·内斯特尔冷藏技术，巴氏消毒，杀虫剂，疾病控制，这些技术使安全食品成为20世纪公众健康最伟大的成就之一。
新西兰博物馆作文英文
新西兰博物馆作文英文英文回答：Museums in New Zealand are a treasure trove of cultural and historical wonders, offering a fascinating glimpse into the diverse heritage of this remarkable country. From the iconic Te Papa Tongarewa Museum in Wellington to the Canterbury Museum in Christchurch and the Auckland War Memorial Museum, these institutions showcase a wide range of artifacts, artworks, and exhibitions that tell the story of New Zealand's rich past and vibrant present.One of the most striking features of New Zealand museums is their commitment to showcasing the indigenous Maori culture. At Te Papa, for example, visitors can explore a vast collection of Maori artifacts, including intricate carvings, traditional weapons, and ceremonial clothing. The museum also features interactive exhibitsthat bring the Maori culture to life, allowing visitors to experience traditional kapahaka performances, learn aboutMaori history, and even try their hand at weaving flax baskets.In addition to Maori culture, New Zealand museums also offer a fascinating glimpse into the country's European colonial past. The Canterbury Museum, for example, houses a vast collection of artifacts from the early days of European settlement, including personal belongings of early settlers, farm equipment, and even a replica of a 19th-century printing press. The museum also tells the story of the Canterbury earthquakes, which devastated the region in 2010 and 2011.For those interested in military history, the Auckland War Memorial Museum is a must-visit. The museum houses a vast collection of artifacts from New Zealand's military history, including uniforms, weapons, and medals. The museum also tells the stories of New Zealanders who have served in conflicts around the world, from the Boer War to the Vietnam War.Another highlight of New Zealand museums is their focuson natural history. The Auckland Museum, for example, features a world-class collection of natural history specimens, including fossils, minerals, and taxidermied animals. The museum also has a dedicated Maori natural history section, which showcases the traditional Maori knowledge of the natural world.One thing that I particularly appreciate about New Zealand museums is their commitment to accessibility and inclusivity. Many museums offer free or discounted admission to children, students, and seniors. They also offer a variety of programs and activities designed to make museums more welcoming and accessible to people of all abilities. For example, the Canterbury Museum offers sensory-friendly tours for visitors with autism spectrum disorder.Overall, New Zealand museums are a wonderful way to learn about the country's rich history, culture, andnatural environment. With their diverse collections, interactive exhibits, and commitment to accessibility, they offer something for everyone.中文回答：新西兰博物馆是文化和历史宝库，为我们提供了一个了解这个非凡国家的丰富遗产的迷人窗口。
博物馆英语介绍作文带翻译
Museum English Introduction Composition with TranslationIntroduction to the Louvre MuseumThe Louvre Museum,situated in the heart of Paris,France,is one of the worlds largest and most renowned art museums.Established in1793,it was originally a royal palace before being transformed into a public museum.The Louvre is home to over380,000 objects and artworks,ranging from ancient civilizations to the21st century.Its vast collection includes the famous Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci and the Venus de Milo statue.卢浮宫博物馆介绍位于法国巴黎市中心的卢浮宫博物馆是世界上最大、最著名的艺术博物馆之一。
它成立于1793年，最初是皇家宫殿，后来转变为公共博物馆。
卢浮宫收藏了超过38万件文物和艺术品，涵盖了从古代文明到21世纪的各种作品。
其庞大的收藏包括达芬奇的著名画作《蒙娜丽莎》和维纳斯德米洛雕像。
The British Museum:A Treasure Trove of World HistoryThe British Museum,located in London,England,is dedicated to human history,art,and culture.Opened in1759,it houses a comprehensive collection that spans over two million years of world history.The museums collection is particularly strong in artifacts from the ancient world,including the Rosetta Stone,the Elgin Marbles,and the Egyptian mummies.Visitors can explore the rich tapestry of human history through its diverse and extensive exhibits.大英博物馆：世界历史的宝库位于英格兰伦敦的大英博物馆致力于展示人类历史、艺术和文化。
ZA304-Museums专题博物馆+147P+英文
No matter how glorious a culture used to be, it will be replaced by a new culture, without any exception.Human beings are creating new cultures continually, while the culture itself cannot be immortal.However, we can still seek the traces of these cultures through some vehicle, which is the museum.This book takes the architecture and display features of museums as its content, displaying variousthematic museums’ features in modeling and space design. From the use of materials to their culturaland regional embodiment, the book analyses the cultural and historical connotations of museum designsystematically.DESIGN MEDIA PUBLISHING LIMITEDThematic Museums DESIGN MEDIAPUBLISHING LIMITED ThematicMuseumsThematic Museums%&4*(/ .&%*" 16#-*4)*/( -*.*5&%CONTENTSThe New Museum Aan de StroomLos Angeles Museum of the HolocaustVoyager New Zealand Maritime MuseumShimane Museum of Ancient IzumoMuseum of LiverpoolNew Mexico History MuseumMadinat al Zahra MuseumCarabineros Museum of ChileExtension of the National Maritime MuseumWaterloo Region Museum 612202428344452606874808697102110122128134140146152158172178186194202208214220226234240248256262268274282288296302Yokosuka Museum of Art Museum Villa Vauban Grand Rapids Art Museum ARoS Arrthus Museum of Art Crpatoa Museum of Contemporary Art Extension of the Denver Art Museum Musee Herge Mecenat Art Museum Museum of Culture, Fine Arts and Science, Changchun Crocker Art MuseumJiangsu Provincial Art MuseumBechtler Museum Tel Aviv Museum of Art The Bronx Museum of the Arts Expansion, North Wing Erie Art Museum Lam - Lille Museum of Modern, Contermproary and Outsider Art Museo Soumaya Museum ABC Illustration and Design Centre Labyrinth of Sciences and The Arts Museum Riverside Museum National Automobile Museum Renovation and Extension Welios Science Museum National Glass Museum Polish Aviation Museum Nestlé Chocolate Museum Fort Worth Museum of Science and History Museum of Energy National Automobile Museum Canadian Museum of Nature Lyon House Museum Mimesis Museum ECO MUSEUM in Rennes INDEXHISTORY MUSEUMART MUSEUM SCIENCE MUSEUM COMPREHENSIVE MUSEUM5IF ."4 JT EFTJHOFE BT B TJYUZ NFUSF IJHI UPXFS 5FO HJHBOU OBUVSBM TUPOF CPYFT BSF QJMFE VQ BT B QIZTJDBM EFNPOTUSBUJPO PG UIF HSBWJUZ PG IJTUPSZ GVMM PG IJTUPSJDBMPCKFDUT UIBU PVS BODFTUPST MFGU CFIJOE *U JT B TUPSFIPVTF PG IJTUPSZ JO UIF IFBSU PGUIF PME EPDLT&BDI GMPPS PG UIF UPXFS JT UXJTUFE B RVBSUFS UVSO TP UIBU DSFBUFT B IVHF TQJSBMTUBJSDBTF 5IJT TQJSBM TQBDF XIJDI JT CPSEFSFE CZ B XBMM PG DPSSVHBUFE HMBTT JT BQVCMJD DJUZ HBMMFSZ " SPVUF PG FTDBMBUPST DBSSZ WJTJUPST VQ GSPN UIF TRVBSF UP UIF UPQPG UIF UPXFS 5IF TQJSBM UPXFS UFMMT UIF TUPSZ PG UIF DJUZ JUT QPSU BOE JUT JOIBCJUBOUTThe New Museum Aan de StroomLocation : Antwerp, Belgium Designer : Neutelings Riedijk Architects Completion Date : 2010 Construction Area : 19,557m 2 Photographer : Neutelings Riedijk Architects and City of Antwerp East Façade North Façade West Façade South FaçadeLeft : SituationFacing : Overview east side5IF .VTFVN "BO EF 4USPPN ."4 JT MPDBUFE CFUXFFO UIF PME EPDLT JO UIF IFBSU PG ²)FU &JMBOEKF³ 5IJT PME QPSU BSFB JT UIF NBKPS VSCBO SFOFXBM QSPKFDU JO UIF DFOUSF PG "OUXFSQ BOE JT EFWFMPQJOH BT B WJCSBOU OFX DJUZ EJTUSJDU'BmBEFT ¿PPST XBMMT BOE DFJMJOHT PG UIF UPXFS XFSF DPNQMFUFMZ DPWFSFE XJUI MBSHF TMBCT PG SFE *OEJBO TBOETUPOF IBOE DMFBWFE NBLJOH UIF JNBHF PG B NPOVNFOUBM TUPOF TDVMQUVSF 5IF GPVS DPMPVST PG UIF TUPOF TMBCT CBTFE PO B DPNQVUFSJTFE QBUUFSO BSF EJWJEFE PO UIF GBmBEF5IF TQJSBM HBMMFSZ JT MJOFE XJUI B IVHF DVSUBJO PG DPSSVHBUFE HMBTT 8JUI JUT QMBZ PG MJHIU BOE TIBEPX USBOTQBSFODZ BOE USBOTMVDFODZ PG UIF VOEVMBUJOH HMBTT GBmBEF CSJOHT B MJHIUIFBSUFE DPVOUFSXFJHIU UP UIF HSBWJUZ PG UIF TUPOF TDVMQUVSF5P TPGUFO UIF NPOVNFOUBM UPXFS WPMVNF B QBUUFSO PG NFUBM PSOBNFOUT IBT CFFO QVU MJLF B WFJM PWFS UIF GBmBEF 5IF PSOBNFOUT BSF TIBQFE MJLF IBOET UIF MPHP PG UIF $JUZ PG "OUXFSQ *OTJEF UIF CVJMEJOH UIJT QBUUFSO DPOUJOVFE UISPVHI NFUBM NFEBMMJPOT NPMEFE CZ B EFTJHO PG 5PN )BVUFLJFU XJUI B UFYU PG 5PN -BOPZF0O FBDI ¿PPS UIF WJTJUPS DBO FOUFS UIF NVTFVN IBMM BOE HP JOUP UIF IJTUPSZ PG UIF EFBE DJUZ XIJMF PO IJT XBZ UP UPQ CSFBUIUBLJOH QBOPSBNBT PG UIF MJWJOH DJUZ JUTFMG VOGPMET "U UIF UPQ PG UIF UPXFS BSF B SFTUBVSBOU B QBSUZ SPPN BOE B QBOPSBNJD UFSSBDF XIFSF UIF QSFTFOU JT DFMFCSBUFE BOE UIF GVUVSF QMBOOFE5IF .VTFVN TRVBSF BU UIF GPPU PG UIF UPXFS JT BO JOUFHSBM QBSU PG UIF EFTJHO 5IF TRVBSF JT EFDPSBUFE JO UIF TBNF SFE TUPOF BT UIF UPXFS BOE TVSSPVOEFE CZ QBWJMJPOT BOE UFSSBDFT BT BO VSCBO TQBDF GPS FWFOUT BOE PVUEPPS FYIJCJUJPOT 5IF DFOUSBM QBSU PG UIF TRVBSF JT IBMG TVOLFO BOE GPSNT B GSBNFXPSL GPS B MBSHF NPTBJD PG -VD 5VZNBOTLeft : Night view hallRight : Evening view eastFacing Above : Inside viewFacing Below : Internal spaceFacing Above and Below : Interior with windowGround Floor Plan: 1. Entrance hall 2. Information desk 3. Cafetaria 4. Logistic centre 5. Garage6. WorkshopsLevel 9 Plan:13. Restaurant14. Conference room15. Kitchen16. Roof terraceLevel 1 Plan: 7. Gallery 8. Offices 9. Meeting rooms10. Staff canteenLevel 2 Plan:11. Gallery12. Exhibition roomLevel 3 Plan: 11. Gallery 12. Exhibition room Level 4 Plan: 11. Gallery 12. Exhibition room 2345681099667111211121112161314151Los Angeles Museum of the HolocaustLocation: Los Angeles, CA,USA Designer: Belzberg Architects Completion Date: 2010 Photographer: Belzberg Architects, Benny Chan-Fotoworks, Iwan Baan 5IF EFTJHO JOUFOU PG UIJT NVTFVN JT UP BMMFHPSJDBMMZ SFMBUF UIF WJTJUPSµT DISPOPMPHJDBM FYQFSJFODF PG UIF CVJMEJOH UP UIBU PG )PMPDBVTU WJDUJNT *O PSEFS UP BDIJFWF UIJT UIF FYQFSJFODF PG UIF CVJMEJOH JT MBSHFMZ EJDUBUFE CZ UIF UJNFMJOF PG B WJTJUPSµT QBTTBHF GSPN QPJOU PG BSSJWBM UISPVHI UP IJT IFS BTDFOTJPO CBDL UP QBSL MFWFM GSPN UIF VOEFSHSPVOE FYIJCJU TQBDFT*U JT B NVTFVN CVJMEJOH JO B QVCMJD QBSL TVCNFSHFE JOUP MBOETDBQF UFSSBJO UPNBJOUBJO PQFO QBSL TQBDF 5IF NVTFVN JT POF PG UIF MBSHFTU JOUFOTJWF HSFFO SPPGT JO $BMJGPSOJB BOE JT PO USBDL UP SFDFJWF -&&% (PME $FSUJ¾DBUJPO GSPN UIF 64(#$Below: Museum Roof Plan5IF OFX CVJMEJOH GPS UIF -PT "OHFMFT .VTFVN PG UIF )PMPDBVTU -".05) JT MPDBUFE XJUIJO B QVCMJD QBSL BEKBDFOU UP UIF FYJTUJOH -PT "OHFMFT )PMPDBVTU .FNPSJBM1BSBNPVOU UP UIF EFTJHO TUSBUFHZ JT UIF JOUFHSBUJPO PG UIF CVJMEJOH JOUP UIF TVSSPVOEJOH PQFO QBSL MBOETDBQF 5IF NVTFVN JT TVCNFSHFE JOUP UIF HSPVOE BMMPXJOH UIF QBSLµT MBOETDBQF UP DPOUJOVF PWFS UIF SPPG PG UIF TUSVDUVSF &YJTUJOH QBSL QBUIXBZT BSF VTFE BT DPOOFDUJWF FMFNFOUT UP JOUFHSBUF UIF QFEFTUSJBO ¿PX PG UIF QBSL XJUI UIF OFX DJSDVMBUJPO GPS NVTFVN WJTJUPST5IF QBUIXBZT BSF NPSQIFE POUP UIF CVJMEJOH BOE BQQSPQSJBUFE BT TVSGBDF QBUUFSOJOH 5IF QBUUFSOJOH DPOUJOVFT BCPWF UIF NVTFVNµT HBMMFSJFT GVSUIFS DPOOFDUJOH UIF QBSLµT MBOETDBQF BOE QFEFTUSJBO QBUIT #Z NBJOUBJOJOH UIF NBUFSJBM QBMFUUF PG UIF QBSL BOE FYUFOEJOH JU POUP UIF NVTFVN UIF IVFT BOE UFYUVSFT PG DPODSFUF BOE WFHFUBUJPO CMFOE XJUI UIF FYJTUJOH NBUFSJBM QBMFUUF PG 1BO 1BDJGJD 1BSL 5IFTF TJNQMF NPWFT DSFBUF B EJTUJODUJWF GBmBEF GPS UIF NVTFVN XIJMF NBJOUBJOJOH UIF QBSLT UPQPHSBQIZ BOE MBOETDBQF5IF NVTFVN FNFSHFT GSPN UIF MBOETDBQF BT B TJOHMF DVSWJOH DPODSFUF XBMM UIBU TQMJUT BOE DBSWFT JOUP UIF HSPVOE UP GPSN UIF FOUSZ %FTJHOFE BOE DPOTUSVDUFE XJUI TVTUBJOBCMF TZTUFNT BOE NBUFSJBMT UIF -".05) CVJMEJOH JT PO USBDL UP SFDFJWF B-&&% (PME $FSUJ¾DBUJPO GSPN UIF 64 (SFFO #VJMEJOH $PVODJMExhibit Plan:1. Taper atrium2. Gallery3. Audio room Left Above and Right Above: Ramp wall123222222222321Section:1. Planter continous2. Beam3. 6” GravelCross Section1. Parking2. Gallery3. LobbySectionMezzanine Floor Plan: 1. Open to below2. Ramp to garage below, ramp slope 20%3. Storage4. Conference room5. Library stacks6. Admin officeNorth Ramp Elevation213456Location: Auckland, New Zealand Designer: Pete Bossley Architects Total Floor Area: 1,456m2Completion Date: 2009 Photographer: Simon Devitt Awards: 2011 Property Council NZ, ExcellenceAward in Special Purpose Category; 2010 NZ Institute of Architects, Auckland Public Architecture AwardVoyager New ZealandMaritime Museum5IJT FYUFOTJPO UP UIF /FX ;FBMBOE .BSJUJNF .VTFVN JT EFTJHOFE UP IPVTF BOFYIJCJUJPO PG /FX ;FBMBOE ZBDIUJOH GSPN FBSMZ TNBMM CPBUT UISPVHI UP /;- XIJDI¾STU XPO UIF "NFSJDBµ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mBEFXIJDI BOOPVODF UIF QSFTFODF PG JUT JOUFSJPS QVSQPTFFacing Above: North elevationFacing Below: East elevation at night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¿FDUJPOT GSPN UIF TFB UIFO CBDL JOUP UIF NBJO TQBDF UP DPOUJOVF DMJNCJOH UIJT UJNF BSPVOE /;- BOE VQ UP UIF IJHI QPJOU XIFSF UIF "NFSJDBT $VQ JT EJTQMBZFE "MPOH UIJT NFUSF SBNQ UIF WJTJUPST FYQFSJFODF OVNFSPVT EJTQMBZT BOE WJFXQPJOUT PG UIF ZBDIUT"U OJHIU UIF MBSHF QMBOF GBDJOH 1SJODF 8IBSG CFDPNFT B IVHF MJHIU CPY XJUI NBHJDBM MJHIU FGGFDUT BDSPTT UIF XBUFS Above Left: Black Magic NZL32Above Right: Hall of yachtingFacing Above: Exhibition space1. Existing gallery2. Hobson Wharf3. Entrance4. Introduction5. Local segment6. Technology segment7. NZL32 hanging above8. Store9. Gallery of yachts10. NZL32 segment11. Sir Peter Blake segment12. Ramp up over13. Blake Theatre14. Void15. NZL3216. Blue water segment17. TheatreGround Floor PlanFirst Floor Plan12356784911121415131614101175IF 4IJNBOF .VTFVN PG "ODJFOU *[VNP XBT FTUBCMJTIFE UP FYIJCJU UIF BSUJGBDUT BOEDVMUVSF PG UIF *[VNP BSFB POF PG UIF DSBEMFT PG DVMUVSF BOE DJWJMJTBUJPO PO UIF +BQBOTFBTJEF BOE UIF TPVSDF PG WBMVBCMF BSDIBFPMPHJDBM SFNBJOT BOE DVMUVSBM BSUJGBDUT5IF CVJMEJOH FYUFSJPS JT DPNQBDU XJUI B QBJS PG MBZFSFE GPMEJOH SPPGT UIBU DSFBUF BMJMUJOH TLZMJOF BOE CMFOE JOUP UIF HFOUMF VOEVMBUJPOT PG UIF HBSEFO BOE NPVOUBJOT JOUIF CBDLHSPVOE5IF NVTFVN JUTFMG JT B MPX MZJOH TUSVDUVSF XJUI BO FOUSZXBZ UIBU JT DMFBSMZ NBSLFECZ B SPX PG USFFT UIBU MFBE UP B HMB[FE FOUSBODF IBMM 5IJT IBMM TFQBSBUFT UIFGPSFDPVSU GSPN UIF HBSEFO JO UIF OPSUI BOE JUT USBOTQBSFODZ QSPWJEFT B EJTUJODUDPOOFDUJPO CFUXFFO UIF JOUFSJPS BOE FYUFSJPS PG UIF CVJMEJOHShimane Museum of Ancient IzumoLocation: Izumo City, Japan Designer: Fumihiko Maki + Maki and Associates Completion Date: 2006Construction Area: 11,855m2Photographer: Toshiharu Kitajima, Makoto YoshidaSouth Elevation and Section:1. Entrance hall2. Lobby3. Permanent exhibition4. Storage5. Shop6. Café7. Observation deckWest Elevation and Section:1. Lobby2. Permanent exhibition3. Lecture room4. Library5. OfficeFacing Above: Southwest elevationFaicng Below: Night view12345671234525IF TJUF NFBTVSFT TJY IFDUBSFT BOE XBT EFTJHOFE UP BQQFBS BT BO FYUFOEFE MBOETDBQF HFTUVSJOH UPXBSET UIF 4ISJOF DPNQMFY BOE UIF TVSSPVOEJOH OBUVSBM MBOETDBQF1FSQFOEJDVMBS UP UIF HMB[FE FOUSBODF IBMM JT B NFUSF MPOH CZ NFUSF IJHI $PS 5FO TUFFM XBMM UIBU JT SFNJOJTDFOU PG ²5BSBUB TUFFM³ BO JNQPSUBOU NBUFSJBM JO UIF IJTUPSZ PG 4IJNBOF 5IVT UIF FYUFSJPS GPSN PG UIF CVJMEJOH NFEJBUFT CFUXFFO UIF BODJFOU BOE UIF NPEFSO BT XFMM BT UIF DPOTUSVDUFE BOE UIF OBUVSBM MBOETDBQF"GUFS FOUFSJOH WJB UIF HMB[FE FOUSBODF IBMM WJTJUPST QBTT UISPVHI UIF $PS 5FO TUFFM XBMM JOUP UIF FYIJCJUJPO MPCCZ XIFSF SFNOBOUT PG UIF UJNCFS DPMVNOT GSPN UIF PSJHJOBM (SBOE *[VNP 4ISJOF BSF PO QFSNBOFOU EJTQMBZ 5IF FYIJCJUJPO MPCCZ GVODUJPOT BT UIF DFOUSF PG UIF NVTFVNµT TQBUJBM DPNQPTJUJPO GSPN XIJDI WJTJUPST DBO NPWF FBTJMZ CFUXFFO UIF FYIJCJUJPO TQBDFT 4VSSPVOEJOH UIF FYIJCJUJPO [POF JT B TVQQPSU [POF XIJDI DPOTJTUT PG TUPSBHF BOE QSFQBSBUJPO SPPNT SFTFBSDI GBDJMJUJFT BOE BENJOJTUSBUJWF PGGJDFT 5IJT DMFBS TQBUJBM EJTUSJCVUJPO BMMPXT FBTF PG NPWFNFOU GPS NVTFVN WJTJUPST BT XFMM BT FGGJDJFOU NVTFVN NBOBHFNFOU NBJOUFOBODF BOE TFDVSJUZ"GUFS UPVSJOH UIF NVTFVN WJTJUPST DBO SFUVSO UP UIF HMB[FE FOUSBODF IBMM BOE SFMBY JO UIF GJSTU GMPPS UFBSPPN PS TFDPOE GMPPS PCTFSWBUJPO EFDL 1BOPSBNJD WJFXT PG UIF TVSSPVOEJOH MBOETDBQF BOE UIF BEKBDFOU *[VNP 4ISJOF VOGPME BOE WJTJUPST DBO DPOUFNQMBUF UIF FYIJCJUJPO BSUJGBDUT PODF VTFE PO UIJT TJUF PWFS ZFBST BHP5Above : Building and landscape Below : South gardenGround Floor Plan: 1. Entrance Hall 2. Gallery 3. Lobby4. Permanent exhibition5. Temporary exhibition6. Lecture room7. Library8. Office9. Storage10. Mechanical 11. Café12. Observation deck1234657812114910458Museum of LiverpoolLocation:Liverpool, UK Designer:3XN Completion Date: 2011 Site Area: 13,000m2Photographer: Pete Carr, Philip Handforth, Richard White 5IF OFX .VTFVN PG -JWFSQPPM XJMM OPU POMZ UFMM UIF TUPSZ PG JUT JNQPSUBODF BT POF PG UIF 8PSMEµT HSFBU QPSUT PS BCPVU JUT DVMUVSBM JO¿VFODF TVDI BT XJUI UIF #FBUMFT QIFOPNFOPO *U XJMM BMTP TFSWF BT B NFFUJOH QPJOU GPS )JTUPSZ UIF 1FPQMF PG -JWFSQPPM BOE WJTJUPST GSPN BSPVOE UIF HMPCF 5IFSFGPSF BDDPSEJOH UP UIF "SDIJUFDU UIF TUSVDUVSF GVODUJPOT BT NVDI NPSF UIBO KVTU B #VJMEJOH PS B .VTFVNLeft: Liverpool sketch"T UIF MBSHFTU /BUJPOBM .VTFVN UP CF CVJMU JO UIF 6, JO PWFS ZFBST BOE TJUVBUFE PO B 6/&4$0 8PSME )FSJUBHF 4JUF OFYU UP -JWFSQPPMµT GBNPVT ²5ISFF (SBDFT³ UIF 1SJODJQBM "SDIJUFDU BOE $SFBUJWF %JSFDUPS BU 9/ ,JN )FSGPSUI /JFMTFO XBT GVMMZ BXBSF PG UIF NBHOJUVEF PG UIF DIBMMFOHF XIFO JU DBNF UP EFTJHOJOH UIF OFX .VTFVN PG -JWFSQPPM5IJT JT POF PG UIF MBSHFTU BOE NPTU QSFTUJHJPVT QSPKFDUT JO 9/µT ZFBS IJTUPSZ 5IF .VTFVNµT EFTJHO JT B SFTVMU PG B WFSZ SJHPSPVT QSPDFTT XIFSF JU XBT PG VUNPTU QSJPSJUZ UP MJTUFO UP UIF DJUZ JOIBCJUBOUT MFBSO UIF DJUZµT IJTUPSZ BOE VOEFSTUBOE UIF QPUFOUJBM PG UIF IJTUPSJDBM TJUF UIBU UIF .VTFVN OPX TJUT VQPO5IF SFTVMU JT B EZOBNJD MPX SJTF TUSVDUVSF XIJDI FOUFST JOUP B SFTQFDUGVM EJBMPHVF XJUI UIF IBSCPVS QSPNFOBEFµT UBMMFS IJTUPSJDBM CVJMEJOHT 5IJT JOUFSBDUJPO GBDJMJUBUFT B NPEFSO BOE MJWFMZ VSCBO TQBDF 5IF EFTJHO JT SFNJOJTDFOU PG UIF USBEJOH TIJQT XIJDI BU POF UJNF EPNJOBUFE UIF IBSCPVS XIJMF UIF GBmBEFµT SFMJFG QBUUFSO QVUT GPSXBSE B OFX JOUFSQSFUBUJPO PG UIF IJTUPSJDBM BSDIJUFDUVSBM EFUBJM JO UIF ²5ISFF (SBDFT³ 5IF FOPSNPVT HBCMFE XJOEPXT PQFO VQ UPXBSET UIF $JUZ BOE UIF )BSCPVS BOE UIFSFGPSF TZNCPMJDBMMZESBX IJTUPSZ JOUP UIF .VTFVN XIJMF BU UIF TBNF UJNF BMMPX UIF DVSJPVT UP MPPL JOLeft and Below :Hand-sketches of façadeGround FloorFirst FloorSecond FloorNew Mexico History MuseumLocation: Santa Fe, New Mexico State, USA Designer: SaylorGregg Architects Completion Date: 2009 Construction Area: 8.919m 2 Photographer: Kirk Gittings, Gallagher & Associates Award Name: 2010 N.M. Heritage Preservation Award for Urban Design with an Historic Context$BTUJOH OFX MJHIU PO B QSPVE IJTUPSZ UIF /FX .FYJDP )JTUPSZ .VTFVN WFOFSBUFT JUT QSFEFDFTTPST BOE PGGFST B OFX DJWJD PVUMPPL5IF PMEFTU DPOUJOVPVTMZ PDDVQJFE QVCMJD CVJMEJOH JO UIF 6OJUFE 4UBUFT UIF 1BMBDF PG UIF (PWFSOPST JO 4BOUB 'F XBT DPOTUSVDUFE JO BT 4QBJOµT DJUBEFM JO UIF "NFSJDBO 4PVUIXFTU " TUSJLJOH BEPCF CVJMEJOH XJUI BO FYUSBPSEJOBSZ IJTUPSZ UIF 1BMBDF TFSWFE GPS ZFBST BT UIF SFQPTJUPSZ PG BSUJGBDUT GSPN PUIFS FSBT 8IFO UIF /FX .FYJDP )JTUPSZ .VTFVN PQFOFE BEKBDFOU UP UIF 1BMBDF JU MJGUFE UIF CVSEFO GSPN UIF ZFBS PME CVJMEJOH BOE QSPWFE USBOTGPSNBUJWF GPS UIF JOUFSQSFUBUJPO PG IJTUPSZ UISPVHIPVU UIF 4UBUFFacing : Museum at duskSite Plan (Left):1.The Palace of the Governors2. New Mexico History Museum3. Fray Angelico Chaves History Library and Photo Archive4. Meem Community Room5. The Plaza21534" DPOUFNQPSBSZ CVJMEJOH JO EFTJHO UIF OFX 4UBUF )JTUPSZ .VTFVN JT UIF GJSTU JOTUJUVUJPO JO /FX .FYJDP UP GVMMZ JOUFSQSFU UIF 4UBUFµT VOJRVF IJTUPSZ PG DPORVFTU BOE MJCFSBUJPO *U DPNQMFNFOUT UIF 1BMBDF PG (PWFSOPST JO TDBMF TJ[F BOE TUZMF *U DPOUBJOT FYQBOTJWF FYIJCJUJPO BOE BENJOJTUSBUJWF TQBDF HBMMFSZ RVBMJUZ MJHIUJOH BOE FOWJSPONFOUBM DPOUSPMT GPS B QSJDFMFTT DPMMFDUJPO PG NBQT QIPUPHSBQIT UFYUJMFT BSUJGBDUT BOE BSU " TFBU UIFBUSF GPS QFSGPSNBODFT BOE SFTFBSDI TQBDF GPS IJTUPSJBOT BSF BMTP DPOUBJOFE XJUIJO UIF .VTFVN BOE UIF MBSHF UXP TUPSFZ MPCCZ IBT CFDPNF UIF DIPTFO TJUF GPS TPDJBM FWFOUT 5XP TUPSFZT BCPWF HSBEF BOE UXP TUPSFZT CFMPX UIF .VTFVN DBQUVSFT UIF DFMFCSBUFE 4BOUB 'F TVO JMMVNJOBUJOH JOUFSJPST UISPVHI TLZMJHIUT BOE DMFSFTUPSJFT %FFQ TFU XJOEPXT UFNQFS UIF TVNNFS TVO BOE QSPWJEF FYQBOTJWF WJFXT PG UIF 1BMBDF BOE IJTUPSJD DPVSUZBSE5IF )JTUPSZ .VTFVN VOJUFT PUIFS DJWJD CVJMEJOHT JO BEEJUJPO UP UIF 1BMBDF UP GPSN B NVTFVN DBNQVT 5IF .VTFVN IBT CFFO QSBJTFE GPS CFJOH B HPPE OFJHICPVS UP PUIFS CVJMEJOHT JO UIF 4BOUB 'F )JTUPSJD %JTUSJDU BOE NPSF JNQPSUBOUMZ JU IBT CFFO FNCSBDFE CZ UIF DPNNVOJUZ GPS JUT TVDDFTT BT B EZOBNJD NPEFSO CVJMEJOH BOENBLJOH UIF 4UBUFµT IJTUPSZ BDDFTTJCMF UP BMM /FX .FYJDBOTFacing Left Top : The Palace courtyard portal Facing Right Top : The Palace courtFacing Below : Lobby view to The palace Above : Entrance lobbyBelow Right : Entrance detailTwo Above: West-east Section/North-south Section: A. The Palace of the Governors B. Meem Community Room 1. Tickets2. Exhibit lobby3. Exhibit4. Learning centre5. Theatre6. Board room7. Catering/café8. Collections9. Storage10. Palace / History Museum portal12345B7933A22233688910123456781234567839AC7B888665222CBA9First Floor Plan: A. The Palace of the GovernorsB. Fray Angelico Chavez History Library and Photo ArchiveC. Meem Community Room 1. Board room2. Admin/curatorial offices3. Exhibit lobby4. Exhibit5. Volunteers6. Conservation lab7. Mechanical8. Catering/café9. TerraceGround Floor Plan:A. The Palace of the GovernorsB. Fray Angelico Chavez History Library and Photo ArchiveC. Meem Community Room 1. Tickets2. Museum shop3. Exhibit lobby4. Exhibit5. Learning centre6. Administration/security7. Receiving8. Mechanical9. Palace / History Museum portalAbove : Entrance to The Palace Facing Above : The second floor Facing Below Right : EntranceFacing Above : Lower level core exhibitFacing Below : Changing exhibit galleryFacing Above and Below : Interior view of theatre12345671577767771611Lower Level and Mezzanine Plan (Left Above and Above):1. Exhibit2. Exhibit staging3. Collections storage vault4. Collections processing5. Theatre/lecture Hall6. Storage7. MechanicalMadinat al-Zahra Museum5IF UFOUI DFOUVSZ QBMBDF DJUZ PG .BEJOBU BM ;BISB JT XJEFMZ DPOTJEFSFE UP CF POF PG UIF NPTU TJHOJ¾DBOU FBSMZ *TMBNJD BSDIBFPMPHJDBM TJUFT JO UIF XPSME BOE UIF NPTU FYUFOTJWF JO 8FTUFSO &VSPQF &YDBWBUJPOT BU UIF TJUF BSF TUJMM POHPJOH 5IF NVTFVN XBT DPODFJWFE BT B QMBDF UP JOUFSQSFU UIF TJUF BOE EJTQMBZ UIF BSDIBFPMPHJDBM ¾OEJOHT BT XFMM BT UP TFSWF BT B USBJOJOH BOE SFTFBSDI DFOUSF BOE UIF IFBERVBSUFST PG UIF BSDIBFPMPHJDBM UFBN" SF¾OFE BOE TVCUMF EFTJHO CZ UIF BSDIJUFDUVSBM ¾SN /JFUP 4PCFKBOP UIF NVTFVN DPNQMFY CMFOET TFBNMFTTMZ JOUP UIF TJUF BOE UIF TVSSPVOEJOH GBSNMBOE B TFSJFT PG SFDUBOHMFT DPNQPTFE PG XBMMT QBUJPT BOE QMBOUJOHT XIJDI UBLFO UPHFUIFS TFFNNPSF MJLF B MBOETDBQF UIBO B CVJMEJOHLocation: Cordoba, Spain Designer: Nieto Sobejano Arquitectos S.L.P Completion Date: 2008 Site Area: 9,125m 2 Photographer: Preparar Y Enviar Award Name: 2010 Shortlist of Aga Khan Award for ArchitectureBelow : Landscape around the museum Facing Above : Aerial viewFacing Below: Archaeological site of al-ZahraAbove: View of approach and entrance5IF CVJMEJOH XJMM BSUJDVMBUF JUT OFX VTFT BSPVOE B TFRVFODF PG GVMM BOE FNQUZ TQBDFT DPWFSFE TQBDFT BOE PQFO QBUJPT XIJDI XJMM HVJEF UIF USBWFMMFST PO UIFJS WJTJUT 'SPN UIF NBJO WFTUJCVMF B CSPBE QBUJP TQSFBET PVU PO B TRVBSF QMBO CMVF GSPN UIF SF¿FDUJPO PG UIF QPOE QSFTJEJOH PWFS JU -JLF B DMPJTUFS UIF NBJO QVCMJD TQBDFT XJMM CF PSHBOJTFE BSPVOE JU NPEFM FYIJCJUT CPPL BOE DBUBMPHVF TBMFT DPGGFF TIPQ BVEJUPSJVN BOE FYIJCJUJPO IBMM "OPUIFS MPOH EFFQ QBUJP HSFFO JO UIJT DBTF GSPN UIF TVSSPVOEJOH WFHFUBUJPO XJMM BSUJDVMBUF UIF QSJWBUF BSFBT BENJOJTUSBUJPO DPOTFSWBUJPO BOE SFTFBSDI XPSLTIPQT " ¾OBM QBUJP XJMM SF¿FDU UIF HPMEFO MJHIU PG UIF "UBVSJRVFT BOE PUIFS BSDIBFPMPHJDBM SFNBJOT PO EJTQMBZ DPOTUJUVUJOH UIF PVUEPPS FYUFOTJPO PG UIF NVTFVN FYIJCJUJPO BSFB " NF[[BOJOF CBTFNFOU DPNQMFUFT UIF FYIJCJUJPO BVEJUPSJVN BOE XPSLTIPQ BSFBT XIJMF BMTP IPVTJOH BNQMF [POFT GPS TUPSBHF BOE FRVJQNFOU5IF NBUFSJBMT SFTQPOE UP UIF QSFWBJMJOH DSJUFSJB PG UIF QSPKFDU UIF XBMMT VOFBSUIFE JO UIF FYDBWBUJPOT XJMM CF JO XIJUF GBDF DPODSFUF VTJOH XPPEFO GPSNXPSL UIF SPPGT SFTUJOH PO UIFN XJMM CF JO UIJO TMBCT UIF QBUJP XJMM CF QBWFE JO MJNFTUPOF 5IF DPODFQU PG UIJT QSPKFDU JT JNQMJDJUMZ QSFQBSFE GPS GVUVSF HSPXUI FTQFDJBMMZ JO UIF NVTFVN BOE XPSLTIPQ BSFBT XIJDI JO UIF NBOOFS PG OFX FYDBWBUJPOT DBO IBWF OFX QBWJMJPOTBEEFE PO5IF OFX .BEJOBU BM ;BISB .VTFVN XJMM CF BO JOUSPWFSUFE CVJMEJOH XJUI OP PVUXBSE EJTDMPTVSF PG UIF TFRVFODF PG JUT TQBDFT JU XJMM IBWF BQQFBSFE TJMFOUMZ JO UIF MBOETDBQF VOFBSUIFE PWFS UIF DPNJOH ZFBST MJLF UIF SFNBJOT PG UIF BODJFOU DJUZ PG"CE BM 3BINBO ***Above : Access ramp to the museum Below Left : Access rampFacing Above : View of Mashrabiyya-type openings and reflecting pool11Above Left : Patio nearby the working areas Above Right : Corridor in the working areas Facing : View of the two levels of exhibitionsCarabineros Museum of ChileLocation:Santiago, Chile Designer:Gonzalo Mardones Viviani Completion Date: 2008 ConstructionArea: 4,550m2Photographer:Gonzalo Mardones Viviani5IF QSPQPTFE OFX $BSBCJOFSPT .VTFVN PG $IJMF BOE UIF SFOPWBUJPO PG IJTUPSJDNVTFVN XBT CPSO PG BO PSEFS PG UIF (FOFSBM "MFKBOESP #FSOBMFT EJSFDUPS PG$BSBCJOFSPT 3*1 PG UIF 3FQVCMJD PG $IJMF 5IF (FOFSBMµT JEFB XBT UP HFU BT BDIBMMFOHF UP UIF FYQBOTJPO PG UIF FYJTUJOH NVTFVN BOE UIF OFX NVTFVN BOE UPQVU BO PVUMPPL PO UIF JOUFHSJUZ WBMVF5IF QSPHSBNNF QSPWJEFT UIF TIPXSPPNT PG CPUI NVTFVNT 5IF CVJMEJOH BMTPIBT VOEFSHSPVOE QBSLJOH *OTJEF UIF NVTFVN BSF MPDBUFE B DBGn BOE SFTUBVSBOUUFSSBDFT FYQBOTJPO UP BMMPX GPS QSPQFS WFOUJMBUJPO BOE OBUVSBM MJHIUFacing Above: Museum frontFacing Below: Cultural centre at duskLeft: Detail1. Concrete slab (SC) for rain water runoff2. BUDNIK Pastel on 50 X 50 (OPTION 2)3. PLOT (pivot adjustable FPM) (OPTION 2)4. Asphalt membrane system of double elastomeric SBSprotect themselves according to paragraph 2.9.2 of EETT5. Navy thermal insulation over read protections6. Concrete slab (SC) for rain water runoff7. BUDNIK Pastel on 50 X 50 (OPTION 2)8. PLOT (pivot adjustable FPM) (OPTION 2)9. Asphalt membrane system of double elastomeric SBSprotect themselves according to paragraph 2.9.2 of EETT10. Navy thermal insulation over read protections11. Thermal insulation Bayma polyurethane 3 CMS5518 AD, BAYER12. Volcanic13. Metal structure14. Exposed concrete15. Aluminum window16. Dust in cedar plywood17. Porcelain 30 X 90 cm18. Concrete over read19. Dust guard20. Volcanic21. Metal structure22. Gypsum plaster23. Aluminum window24. Aluminum window25. Porcelain 30 X 90 cm26. Concrete over read27. Dust guard28. Glass thermo panel29. Gypsum plaster30. Porcelain 30 X 90 cm31. Concrete over read32. Dust guard33. Glass thermo panel34. Volcanic plaster to receive water glaze35. Thermal insulation36. Volcanic plaster to receive water glaze37. Dust in cedar plywood38. Dust guard39. Volcanic plaster to receive water glaze40. Thermal insulation41. Volcanic plaster to receive water glaze42. Dust in cedar plywood43. Dust guard44. Porcelain 30 X 90 cm45. Concrete over read46. Dust guard47. Dust guard48. Gypsum plaster12345678910111213141516171819202122282930313233343635383740394143464748Facing Above : Show room Facing Below : Lobby5IJT QSPKFDU CVJMU JO BOE EFTJHOFE CZ UIF GBNPVT BSDIJUFDUVSBM TUVEJP (PO[BMP .BSEPOFT 7JWJBOJ JT TJUVBUFE JO UIF DJUZ PG 4BOUJBHP EF $IJMF UIF DBQJUBM PG UIF 3FQVCMJD PG $IJMF5IF ¾STU DPOTJEFSBUJPO XBT DPNQMFUF SF EFTJHO PG UIF JOUFSJPS PG UIF IJTUPSJD CVJMEJOHµT GBmBEFT SFGPSNVMBUJOH JUT EJTUSJCVUJPO BOE JOUFSOBM XJUI SFTQFDU BOE FOUJSFMZ QBJOUJOH UIFJS GBmBEFT BOE JOUFSJPST JO XIJUF UP FTUBCMJTI UIF OFDFTTBSZ DPOOFDUJWJUZ CFUXFFO UIF OFX UIF SFNPEFMFE BOE JOUFSWFOFE 5IF TFDPOE BDUJPO XBT UIF EFUFSNJOBUJPO PG BSDIJUFDUVSBM FMFNFOUT JO XIJDI JU XBT EFDJEFE UP FYDBWBUF BOE QVU CVJMEJOHT PO TFWFSBM MFWFMT VOEFSHSPVOE8JUI UIJT UIF EFTJHOFST HPU UIF EVBM QVSQPTFT PG OPU UPVDIJOH UIF QBSL BOE USFFT BOE QVUUJOH UIF CVJMEJOH JO QMBDF BMPOH XJUI UIF IPVTF WBMVF XIJDI OPX SF¿FDUT IJTUPSJD GBmBEFT XJUI UXP IVHF MBLFT UPXBSE UIF "WFOVF "OUPOJP 7BSBT *U JT UIFO B CVJMEJOH UIBU TFSWFT NPTUMZ TVCNFSHJOH MBOE QJFSDJOH CVU BMMPXJOH UIF QBTTBHF PG MJHIU BOE TVO UISPVHI DPVSUZBSET BOE UFSSBDFT UIBU BMTP BMMPX GPS UIF FYUFSJPS SPVUF"MM FMFNFOUT PG UIF GBmBEFT PG OFX WPMVNFT BSF TPMWFE UISPVHI DPODSFUF XJUI UJUBOJVN EJPYJEF JO PSEFS UP BDIJFWF CMBODI 5IF XIJUF XBMMT TUBOE PVU CFUXFFO UIF HSFFO PG USFFT BOE HSBTT DPWFSFE CVJMEJOHT。
博物馆-外文翻译-外文文献-英文文献资料讲解
第一篇：航空博物馆与航空展示公园巴特罗米耶杰·基谢列夫斯基飞翔的概念、场所的精神、老机场的建筑---克拉科夫新航空博物馆理性地吸取了这些元素，并将它们整合到一座建筑当中。
Rakowice-Czyzyny机场之前的旧飞机修理库为新建筑的平面和高度设定了模数比例。
在此基本形态上进一步发展，如同裁切和折叠一架纸飞机，生成了一座巨大的建筑。
其三角形机翼是由混凝土制成，却如同风动螺旋桨一样轻盈。
这个机翼宽大通透，向各个方向开敞。
它们的形态与组织都是依据内部功能来设计的。
机翼部分为3个不平衡的平面，使内外景观在不断变化中形成空间的延续性，并且联系了建筑内的视觉焦点和室外的展览区。
新航空展示公园的设计连接了博物馆的8栋建筑和户外展览区，并与历史体验建立联系。
从前的视觉轴线与通道得到尊重，旧的道路得到了完善，朝向飞机场和跑道的空间被限定出来。
每栋建筑展示了一个主题或是一段飞行史。
建筑周围伸展出巨大的平台，为特殊主题的室外展览提供了空间。
博物馆容纳了超过150架飞机、引擎、飞行复制品、成套的技术档案和历史图片。
这里的特色收藏是飞机起源开始的各种飞行器，如Jatho1903、Grade1909、莱特兄弟1909年的飞机模型和1911年的鸽式单翼机。
The first passage:Museum for aviation and aviation exhibition parkBartiomiej KislelewskiThe idea of flying, the spirit of place, the structure of the historic airfield – the new Museum of Aviation in Krakow takes up these references intellectually and synthesizes them into a building. The old hangars of the former airport Rakowice Czyzyny set the modular scale for the footprint and the height of the new building. Developed from this basic shape, as if cut out and folded like a paper airplane, a large structure has been generated, with triangular wings made of concrete and yet as light as a wind-vane propeller. The wings are generously glazed and open in all directions. Their form andarrangement depend on the interior uses. In the floor plans of the wings, the three offset floor layers generate a spatial continuum of varying insights and outlooks, to focal points within the building and to exhibition areas outside.The design of the new aviation park links the eight buildings of the museum and open-air exhibition areas in a joint historical experience. Former view axes and paths are respected, old alleys are completed and spaces towards the airfield and taxiway are defined. Each building exhibits one topic or episode of aviation, with a large base platform extending around it giving spaces for open-air exhibition of the particular themes. The museum contains more than 150 planes, engines, aviation artefacts, sets of technical construction documents and historical pictures. A special feature is the collection of aircraft from the beginning of aviation, such as the Jatho 1903, the Grade 1909, a Wright Brothers model from 1909, and the Etrivh Taube from 1911.第二篇:华沙现代艺术博物馆克里斯蒂安·克雷兹此建筑正逐步向综合性展览与多功能空间的方向发展。
英文文献博物馆
AbstractMuseum buildings perform ambitious demands for sound conditions of exhibits and comfort of visitors. There is a narrow allowance for room temperature and relative humidity, which has to be maintained for varying situations of weather and occupancy. Lighting has to assure an excellent visual performance but to avoid deterioration of exhibits. Energy consumption can be kept extremely low contrariwise. Several high quality and low energy museum buildings could be realized recently by utilization of energy efficient measures and renewable energies. Outstanding pieces of architecture, e.g. Kolumba Art Museum, Cologne (architect P. Zumthor), Emil-Schumacher-Museum, Hagen (architect M. Lindemann), are presented and integrated advanced technologies like thermal active room surfaces, low air change ventilation, geothermal heating and cooling, and controlled daylighting are explained.摘要博物馆建筑的游客进行展品和舒适的声音条件有野心的要求。
介绍博物馆的英文读物作文
介绍博物馆的英文读物作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Visiting a museum can be a fascinating experience. It offers a glimpse into the past, allowing us to learn about different cultures, art, history, and science. Museums are not just a collection of artifacts; they are a treasure trove of knowledge and inspiration. Here are some books that can enhance your understanding and appreciation of museums.1. "The Museum Experience" by John H. Falk and Lynn D. Dierking: This book explores the visitor's perspective and the impact of museums on individuals. It delves into the psychology of museum-goers, discussing how people engage with exhibits and the role of museums in education and personal growth.2. "The Art Museum" by Phaidon: This book is a visual feast, showcasing some of the world's most renowned artworks. It takes readers on a journey through different art movements and styles, providing insights into theartists' lives and the historical context of their works. With stunning illustrations and informative texts, itoffers a comprehensive overview of art history.3. "A History of the World in 100 Objects" by Neil MacGregor: This book presents a unique approach to history by focusing on objects from the British Museum's collection. Each object tells a story, shedding light on different civilizations and their contributions to human development. From ancient sculptures to modern inventions, this book offers a captivating narrative of our shared past.4. "The Science Museum" by Gail Gibbons: Thischildren's book introduces young readers to the wonders of science through the lens of a museum. It explores various scientific disciplines, from biology to astronomy, and highlights the importance of curiosity and discovery. With colorful illustrations and simple explanations, it sparks curiosity and encourages further exploration.5. "The Museum of Innocence" by Orhan Pamuk: This novel blurs the line between fiction and reality, as it tells thestory of a fictional museum created by the author. It explores themes of love, memory, and the power of objectsto evoke emotions. Through the protagonist's obsession with collecting and preserving mementos, the book reflects onthe role museums play in preserving our collective memories.These books offer different perspectives on museums, from the visitor's experience to the historical andcultural significance of artifacts. Whether you are an art enthusiast, a history buff, or simply curious about the world, these readings will enrich your museum visits and deepen your appreciation for these cultural institutions.So grab a book, dive into the fascinating world of museums, and let your imagination soar.。
博物馆论文外文翻译
CHANGCHUN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Display and Design of Museum博物馆陈列与设计资料来源：《浅谈博物馆陈列设计的特征与要求》设计题目：辽宁省老工业博物馆建筑方案设计学生姓名：冷旭东学院名称：建筑与设计学院专业名称：建筑学班级名称：建筑1251学号：1207511115指导教师：尚伶燕教师职称：讲师完成时间： 2017年3月10日原文：Display and Design of MuseumThe exhibition is on display, the museum to the important means of social knowledge, is also a museum to show the community carrier collection and research level, is the crystallization of science and Art Museum of labor workers. The display is not a simple casual place, it must be based on certain conditions, and according to certain principles. The implementation of a new exhibition from brewing the idea, to implementation, to the overall consideration, overall planning, proceeding from the needs of the audience, in order to achieve better display effect. The following is my fieldwork by reference, and talk about the exhibition display design.一、Concept of display designDisplay design (also known as exhibition design or exhibition design) is a comprehensive exhibition art, is the work process of the contact surface is very extensive and complex, it includes literature, art, music, photography, sculpture, calligraphy and other disciplines, has its own unique artistic language. It requires designers use a variety of artistic means, the exhibits. Layout, pictures, charts, exhibition, model, scene and exhibition space and atmosphere according to a certain theme, sequence and art form a scientific and effective organization combining the audience education and information dissemination and intuitive.A word in the museum display design in the broad and narrow interpretation of the two. The generalized display design summarizes the general display design, content design and form design; narrow sense refers only to the form of display design and display design. In practice, people put on display the contents of design as the research work on display, belonging to the academic the scope of the study; the form of display design as a technical work on display, the museum into the category of technology. But the technical work on display is usually considered a museum features artwork, so < Chinese big encyclopedia > defines display art design to determine: "according to requirements of display theme, To display the content of the concept, to determine the display style, the overall requirements, and the use of a variety of art, science and technology organically combined display work."二、Elements of display designEach kind of artistic form, has its form elements. The so-called form elements, which constitute the most basic factors necessary to art form. By using these "elements", it can constitute a "form", and on the basis of creation of aesthetic form. In modern display design, space art performance sound, light, electricity, etc. the application of technology in the form of characteristic form of many factors, but these factors in form, space, shape, material, color is composed of four elements: display the most basic form, but also for the four main aspects considered display design.（一）SpaceSpace is the first element of the display form design. There is no space, there can be no display, exhibition. The so-called space refers to the four-dimensional space exhibition hall, exhibition hall is long, wide, high dimensional and human actions anddifferent point of view, from the perspective of the space. That is to say, only one action, only to give the fourth space in content. Therefore, the space of display design, according to the physiological and psychological characteristics of the audience, from walking tours, eye movement, aesthetic attention etc. these phenomena, according to the audience from the outside environment into the indoor environment of this series of different space changes to it. Through the screen, partition, board, booth, showcase, scene etc. Exhibition and related equipment organization arrangement, the space was subdivided, the formation of a new definition of space. In addition, the design of modern museum even advocating around the display theme, determine the indoor display design scheme, then the appearance design of the building, so that the contents of design form of display design and display the more perfect unified design of display art. Sichuan Sanxingdui Museum in Guanghan, is the first exhibition, after a successful example of the building. Such as its second exhibition hall of the gods in, the theme is the primitive religion < mystery, which consists of four sets of scene which resembles the mysterious realm of ancient Shu people's spiritual life. The smallpox The inclination m step up fully. The use of space to create a mysterious atmosphere, the audience gradually increase along the tour route forward, along with the deepening of content, finally reached the highest level on behalf of the celestial, the mysterious atmosphere of the ancient Shu Lin Wei to the extreme, achieved excellent visual effect, the display content also attracted an audience. The art design space again, Unity oade up to seven layers of rock burst like imitation plate, deep brown color glaze spraying sand hair surface, revealing faint red top gap, the red carpet shop showcase booth, showing the creation of the world, the magnificent landscape of four giant earthquakes and landslides; a large portfolio of scenes to the pit, frame, altar, Taiwan in the form of progressive, step byf space display atmosphere and the display theme. Normally, the exhibition hall is a square, the height is only five, six meters, to create space for other such impossible. Therefore, only the first to determine the layout, and building design, can achieve the desired effect.The aesthetic design of exhibition space, do not change too much in demand, while in the unified for various; not in seeking stimulation, but not in seeking for desalination; and in the complex, concise, "the highest aesthetic standard exhibition space design space disappear". In the display in our country, the Shanghai museum the Museum of ancient bronze Chinese <Ancient Chinese bronze museum >, < Ancient Chinese Ceramics Museum> China Ancient Ceramic Museum displays called "canonical space disappear".Display design including the design of the external environment of the exhibition hall and indoor space design. The interior space design exhibition hall layout design mainly refers to the design and the whole exhibition space. The lobby is on display, the beginning part of the exhibition, the audience is to give the first impression of the place, it should show the main style of display space and display characteristics give each one into the hall, the audience a deep sense of space, and this appeal is realized through the form of display language and art concise. The lobby design must according to the display theme, seize the typical characteristics of the case, with a concise summary, has shocked the audience mind conform to no conventional pattern,form Style, to create a prominent theme, distinctive features, form and content integration, transition space is highly infectious to guide the audience. Such as the Nanjing City Museum "Six Dynasties style > exhibition hall, a door is greeted by the Six Dynasties tomb carving pattern of Phoenix imitation screen, has set the" Saint "Wang Xizhi the font of the" Six Dynasties style "exhibition; around the screen, is the face of a magnificent vivid copy of kylin statue, erected on both sides of a copy of the Shinto stone, a red background for the dawn of the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties Jiankang (Nanjing) city landscape designer. Seize the Phoenix stone carving pattern, kylin, God These pieces of the most road pillars of Six Dynasties style cultural relic image, reflecting the theme, in the light of the background, in contrast, brings a strong visual impact to the audience, make people look into the desolate, distant and mysterious atmosphere of the times, excellent plays the role of "order".The overall layout in space, the space requirements of reasonable structure, the display content is arranged in order, the level of clear, focused and prominent theme, and shows the level of balance but with the focus in space. In order to people on the vision, the ideal of Lenovo, a sense of rhythm and the rhythm of the feeling. The space design mentioned in the Sichuan Sanxingdui Museum in Guanghan to meet these requirements.（二）ModellingThe exhibition is to display the contents of the exhibits, its artistic image must be done through a specific form. Therefore, modelling is one of the main elements of the exhibition design. It can be said that no other design did not display the form of design. The exhibition design is different, have different characteristics, these characteristics are determined by the the following aspects: first, the complex exhibits each has its own image; second, the displays must be specific space, exhibition, decoration to sculpt through artistic arrangement and organization; third, exhibition theme is communication, comprehensive display science and art exhibits a combination of other . a combination of these three aspects show display art form, art form is the display of space to display vivid. When the other according to the structural design of the exhibition in the exhibition hall space layout, arrangement and art together, it displayed is the image of this exhibition. An image of the appearance form, namely the exhibition form. Various other forms of exhibition, according to the nature of the application, can be divided into three categories: the overall design, exhibition display design, equipment design.（三）Texture of materialThe production of display equipment need to complete various materials. The material plays an important role in the form of design, on the one hand it to meet the needs of the display function, on the other hand, it must satisfy the aesthetic function of decorative display. Therefore, the display quality is good or bad, will directly affect the success of the exhibition design whether or not.Now on the market there are kinds of decoration materials, properties, different functions, different materials will give people a sense of seriousness, soft feeling, a sense of well-being, smooth or rough, gorgeous or simple, gentle or strong sense ofLenovo. As the designer must of various materials natural texture, texture characteristics and aesthetic function understanding, sentiment, so as to combine the space design in the design, design art application, to display the form of harmonious, perfect.In the design of display material, not too complex, on the whole should be the variety of materials and style concise. Other timber should grasp the practical and aesthetic principle, subject to the overall design style, in accordance with the human visual habits of carefully chosen, the difference in the coordination, contrast to seek harmony. Such as metope, ground. Exhibition series, top smallpox tonal should be coordinated, unified and reflect the content of the text, the title and the focus of decoration materials, it should be different, i.e. in coordination for comparison, focus, produce a sense of depth.（四）ColorFor the form, color and shape in a pivotal position. In the various factors in the form, with the tone and color can touch people's emotions, stimulate the audience's different psychological reactions. It can influence the size of the object, from the sense of nature, under certain conditions, it has its own have a contrast display atmosphere, creating artistic conception, the audience emotional appeal infection, arouse people's emotions. Therefore, one of the elements of color is the main form of exhibition design.The use of color to create a display exhibition, art style and exotic atmosphere, color display is other means. The use of display color should follow certain principle, follow the principle of color beauty, not only by personal likes and dislikes freely. The indiscriminate use of the different nature of the display, exhibition, the content of the request form the use of color, and the choice is different. Such as color display of social history, is generally quiet and excited tone both; color display to reflect the natural sciences, the general use of natural blue color display; reflect the ethnic, folk custom, must respect the customs of the nation or local traditions the use of color Color display; reflect the categories of industrial products, generally with large grey lined with bright colors.In life, every human activities are related to rhythm. The rhythm can stimulate people's emotions, causing visual pleasure, give people the feeling of beauty and spiritual enjoyment. In the exhibition of color composition, color rhythm, there is order in the exhibition environment on repeated alternation and the gradient of hue, lightness, purity, well-being, shape, position, rhythm of space area and material and other factors produced. It makes people's vision in itself still feel the environment activities.A color display, exhibition is the overall color and local color. The overall color is good or bad, is the local color and color performance caused by the overall command of the overall situation, directly affect the display effect of art and design exhibition. Color design exhibitions, to be good at grasp deepen the display theme, based on solid colored exhibits as a parent, to highlight the exhibits, prominent characteristics, highlight the theme as the principle to establish the overall effect of the total feeling, to explore the display space environment, auxiliary display design,decoration and display exhibits background color.A display first gives people the sense of the whole, and the maximum emotional impact of color to the most. The formation of the overall color is displayed, the display color tone, rhythm, rhythm to the audience impression. The tone is accurate or not is the key theme of display content, tone selection according to the display different themes, historical, cultural display, selection should be stable, calm, elegant tone; natural science, industrial and technological achievements exhibition is to choose a strong, bright tone. The tone of the general exhibition should be relatively calm and stable, so that the audience's vision is not easy to fatigue; physiological characteristics take care of people, but also with the Bright colors arouse the interest of the audience, the designer will have to deal with the relationship between the local color of the pen to reconcile the sound, harmonious and unified relationship, and make full use of the charm of color to enhance the artistic effect of display design.三、Principles of display designIn addition to the above four factors, the display design should follow certain principles to implement. The State Administration of Cultural Heritage Museum of art in 1997 to write < > pointed out: the basic principle of display art is: grasp the display theme, create the perfect form, meet the practical function, security exhibition security, strive to make economy and rational.（一）Grasp the themeThe exhibition has a different theme, the theme is the soul of the contents of the exhibition, the form design can closely linked to the theme of thought is very important. The audience often visited the museum as a high level of mental activities, because each display is the researchers will evolve natural science or social science the human history and culture of human cultural achievements show in front of the world, it not only to the dissemination of knowledge, and to make people learn new creativity from the traditional culture, the significance of ideological education is obvious. While the form design of the display content is re creation, it should highlight the positive performance A healthy mind.Display the form and content of unity, is a important theme of accurate expression for the relationship. The theory of art form and content, from either philosophy or aesthetics have been inconclusive. In essence, content and form are complementary and inseparable, left the display design display theme, form then the United States has no meaning; without art design beautiful, no matter how wonderful the contents of the exhibition, also cannot be reflected. Therefore, the display design that content and form perfect unity, that is to the appropriate art forms to express different content. To display art all blend into one harmonious whole in the form of a stress Decorative beauty, emphasis on the characteristics of the external form, in the design of the relationship between the internal form and external form, we can fully reflect the display design - the characteristics of this comprehensive art.（二）Create perfect formThe purpose of the exhibition is on display, for people to watch, it is to give the influence on knowledge and to the audience, the feeling of beauty. Only teach in the United States, the theme to express the form of beauty exhibition will be attractive tothe audience, is the successful exhibition. Therefore, visit on display, the exhibition is a process of knowledge process, that is an aesthetic process. Beautiful display design is one of the core issues in the pursuit of the goal, designers can grasp the principle of beauty is the success of the design of exhibition display. To design exhibition of needle aesthetic psychology of the audience, a department through exhibition to stimulate the audience List of aesthetic consciousness, even through the conscious use of some characteristics to achieve by surprise effect, so that the exhibition really popular, full of vitality.（三）Meet practical functionThe exhibition is a comprehensive art, which is different from the pure academic research, but also different from the pure art creation. It must be based on the outline design to form the internal form, should not only reflect the ideological content and perfect harmony, but also to solve the external form by numerous design, solve number with exhibition requirements, in line with other the structure and human engineering requirements of the tour. In short, the design should be suitable for display form to make a scientific and reasonable, to meet the functional requirements of display material.From the principle of modern art form, display forms are involved in graphic, three-dimensional, space and color of each part. And these forms are blended together. If the layout design is generally planar design, equipment design is generally three-dimensional structure, and space design is the space form a confluence principle. Display design skill to use a variety of forms constitute the principle to solve the structural problems, but can not be divorced from the specific display object design, design should focus on the exhibits arrangement and visitors to solve a series of problems. Only functional hall there is space layout, exhibit layout, light color, Showcase exhibition equipment, text layout, The tour route design. The overall layout is, refers to the arrangement in the limited space and space scope, and its task is to display all the objects to be arranged combination configuration, were arranged in a certain space, the coherent coherence, dispersion of the dispersed layout with the audience. The tour route link display the contents of the required continuity or discontinuity displayed on display, which determines the functional characteristics of the layout arrangement. As can be imagined, you can meet the requirements of continuous wall type Showcase exhibition on display, scattered point cloth Chen middle cabinet, booth is suitable for independent appreciation of art display, which illustrates the exhibition also has special equipment functional requirements.The display form and material function needs to have a natural link, it should deal with the following aspects: the layout changes but should be reasonable; but to say the tour route turns smooth and convenient; display equipment exhibition to the strong stability and convenient adjustment; Chen well-proportioned system exhibits cloth color illumination has a harmonious and orderly; layout; height should be appropriate. In general should be strong integrity and not messy.Do you want to display art design is scientific and reasonable, should also be based on the human engineering as the starting point, science will penetrate into all aspects of the design, layout, text size, font font and color should be in the distance,depending on a variety of factors to determine the environment; the color changes in temperature, light intensity should be based on scientific data determination prevail. Focusing on science is rigorous, not the slightest negligence, construction must be strict in demands, in the calculation of the data can sometimes be accurate to the millimetre, or between parts not consistent, for example the glass showcase sliding track set will be quite precise. The exhibition design should pay attention to the following two points:One is the exhibition structure should meet the mechanical requirements. Encountered a lot of problems in the structure design, such as the structure of the structure, site selection, and the mechanics. The exhibits cloth Chen relates to gravity, stress and static friction force, such as porcelain on the glass table with slip feeling, but put it on the pile in relatively safe. Some special exhibits, overweight exhibits bear relationship with scientific calculation, reasonable arrangements. In addition, the exhibition of equipment, should not be neglected the load floor structure and floor is also designed.The two is the exhibition of material should be suitable for the processing conditions. The design and application of display complicated materials, processing a variety of methods. Focus on the aesthetic character and material texture effect, science focus on the material properties and processing properties of materials mainly refers to the degree of adaptation, physical properties, chemical properties and various parameters, the designer should have the material at hand on the basis of science.Display design is to use the hard material, can also be used for soft materials. The alloy, wood, stone, glass and other hard materials mainly used in exhibition and display space environment construction, the performance of durable; soft material for textiles, organic glass, paint and so on, the adhesion in general, decoration and finishing process. The designer should be familiar with the properties of materials, materials selection and processing method is suitable.Space is on display, the basic conditions for the existence of the exhibition. The display size and space proportional to the selected site should be based on the application of appropriate. Small enough to accommodate the display contents is too large and waste area, resulting in the space exhibition line is too long, resulting in loose structure, virtually extended the audience the route, which does not conform to the rationality of human engineering and display structure. The one-sided emphasis on the tall and imposing display space is paltrily.（四）Security on displaySecurity is another important principle of display art design. It mainly focuses on the safety of exhibits and the audience's personal safety. Most of the museum's collection has high economic value, there is a rarity, security is a top priority in the design of display design. Designers should display environment, display equipment, multi display mode make scientific treatment, as far as possible to avoid destruction and natural factors human factors damage. In the design practice, we often encounter contradictions hidden and exposed ", from the perspective of heritage conservation, Tibet is one of the most important initiatives, and more serious more safety; but from the display of artistic expression, cultural relics in show it To the benefits of the dew,can show its artistic charm. Hidden and exposed is on display in the design of a pair of contradiction, the problem of large security measures to the exhibition of architectural space, to a small cabinet, or even a block design, the focus is to solve the contradiction between concealment and appearance of all security facilities.（五）Strive for economic rationalityAs everyone knows, China's Museum of funds has been low, how to use the limited funds, do a real high grade exhibition, must consider the economic input and the final effect. See from the essence, display, exhibition as a comprehensive art, practical and artistic features of it already and economy. Direct contact. In the design, regardless of the economic inevitable reality. The economy as a design principle, play not only does not limit the designer's ideas, but also make the design thinking is more comprehensive, more reasonable. So the design at the beginning of period to make budget and avoid costly, eliminate waste.四、Specific implementation of display designMaster the basic principles and elements of display design is the most basic quality display designer should have, only to master these basic knowledge, to display design. In general, the display design work is divided into four stages:（一）Preparation phaseWhen receiving a new exhibition display design, we must first carry out some research, mainly to understand the following aspects:①． Exhibition requirements and objectives;②． The main audience of the exhibition;③． Audience flow;④． The theme of the exhibition and the number of exhibits, text, pictures;⑤． The exhibition area environment;⑥． The size and water and electricity, lighting, ventilation, safety, sound and other equipment and conditions;⑦． Exhibition period and budgetOnly fully understand the above aspects of the situation, in accordance with the outline of the exhibition design.（二）design phaseDisplay design is an art, is also a science, in the process of display design, there must be a serious scientific attitude and rigorous style of work. Only in the full understanding of the situation, in order to display in accordance with the basic principles of the establishment of the overall design, display design work began.Display design should first clear display theme, a profound understanding of the spirit of the display outline, based on different themes with different design ideas, not the same. In general, a design scheme should include: scheme introduction, exhibition site layout, Hall effect, environmental effect of the whole exhibition hall, the main scene renderings the exhibition project plan and budget.The preliminary plan is completed, the designer should carefullyanalyze, so that we can directly test this design, and put forward a better idea, make the scheme further perfect. Only the one after repeated demonstration, modify or re design, good effect, time saving, labor saving, the best solution to save money made out to be good to complete the design of the program. Once the design scheme, construction drawing should be started, and then according to the design requirements of the procurement of materials, so that material shortage can be replaced as soon as possible, to avoid the delay period.（三）construction stageWhen the design drawings and construction drawings are determined, entered the stage of construction. The construction quality is the key to the success of the design of display. The evaluation of an exhibition quality, one needs to look at it as a whole, the idea is exquisite, the topic is unique, exhibits the combination is appropriate, whether it's the perfect form of content the actual situation, space, collocation is imaginative, rhythm is reasonable and so on. On the other hand, it is more intuitive, is part of the exhibition, exhibition equipment, production process quality exhibition etc. also can not be ignored. Because the process quality not only directly affects the communication effect of display, it will directly affect the Chen The whole column. It can be because of its delicate and precise the exhibits silhouetted against the more precious, but also because it's rude to have precious exhibits. Can be said to be cast into the shade process quality is vital to the realization of perfect display design. If you do not start from the construction seriously, finally no matter how much investment, design how good and how precious materials, everything will be in vain. Therefore, we must pay attention to in the construction stage:First, the selection of the construction unit. This is the first factor affecting the quality of construction, because the construction unit of the technical level and technical force, a direct impact on the quality of the construction.Second, a full-time staff responsible for quality inspection. In the whole construction process, be familiar with material and technology, rigorous work of in-depth on-site full-time service personnel conduct supervision, inspection, must be strictly in accordance with the design drawings and construction, subject to change, need to have a formal written notice signed by the supervisor. No management or inspection is not strict it will affect the quality of construction.Third, the use of materials to fit the technological requirements. In the formulation of construction scheme, selection of appropriate materials is particularly important. The design of suitable materials, suitable for a certain material process, try to avoid unnecessary, process is difficult to guarantee the performance of some method.Fourth, reasonable arrangements for the duration. It is necessary to。
介绍博物馆的英文读物作文
介绍博物馆的英文读物作文英文：As a museum enthusiast, I have always been fascinatedby the rich history and culture that these institutionshave to offer. Museums are not just buildings filled withold artifacts and paintings, they are windows into the past, present, and future. 。
One of the reasons I love visiting museums is the opportunity to learn about different civilizations andtheir way of life. For example, in the British Museum, Iwas able to see the famous Rosetta Stone, which played a crucial role in deciphering ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs.It was truly amazing to witness such an important piece of history up close.Another reason I enjoy museums is the chance to see famous works of art. The Louvre in Paris, for instance, houses the iconic Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. Standingin front of this masterpiece, I couldn't help but feel a sense of awe and wonder.In addition to the educational aspect, museums also provide a sense of wonder and inspiration. The Natural History Museum in London, for instance, has a breathtaking collection of dinosaur fossils that never fail to amaze visitors, young and old alike.Overall, museums are not just places to see old things, they are places to learn, to be inspired, and to connect with our past. I always leave a museum feeling enriched and enlightened, and I can't wait to visit the next one.中文：作为一个博物馆爱好者，我一直被这些机构所展示的丰富历史和文化所吸引。
宁夏博物馆作文英语
宁夏博物馆作文英语英文回答：Ningxia Museum is a magnificent architectural wonder that seamlessly blends modern design with the rich cultural heritage of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Its striking exterior, adorned with intricate patterns and vibrant hues, reflects the diverse ethnic traditions of the region. Inside, visitors are greeted by a treasure trove of artifacts, historical relics, and contemporary art that narrate the captivating story of Ningxia's past, present, and future.Established in 1958, the museum has undergone several renovations and expansions to accommodate its growing collection and enhance its visitor experience. The latest addition to the complex is the iconic "Golden Dome," a shimmering copper-clad structure that houses the museum's most prized possessions, including rare manuscripts, ancient pottery, and exquisite embroidery.Wandering through the museum's spacious galleries, visitors embark on a chronological journey throughNingxia's history. From the prehistoric era to the modern day, the exhibits showcase the region's diverse cultural influences, including the Tangut Kingdom, the Silk Road trade, and the Islamic heritage of the Hui people. Interactive displays and multimedia presentations bring the past to life, immersing visitors in the stories and experiences of Ningxia's ancestors.One of the highlights of the museum is the "Terracotta Warriors of the Xixia Kingdom" exhibition. These life-sized clay sculptures, discovered in the Ningxia region, provide a glimpse into the grandeur and artistry of the Tangut civilization. The warriors' intricate armor, weapons, and facial expressions offer a profound understanding of the military prowess and cultural achievements of this ancient kingdom.In addition to its historical artifacts, Ningxia Museum also showcases a vibrant collection of contemporary art.Local and international artists have contributed works that reflect the region's unique cultural identity and explore themes of tradition, modernity, and globalization. The museum's commitment to promoting contemporary art has established it as a hub for cultural exchange and artistic innovation.Beyond its exhibitions, Ningxia Museum offers a range of educational programs and community events that engage visitors of all ages. Lectures, workshops, and guided tours provide opportunities for deeper learning and cultural enrichment. The museum's spacious auditorium hosts film screenings, performances, and cultural demonstrations, creating a vibrant hub for the performing arts.Ningxia Museum is not merely a repository of historical relics; it is a vibrant cultural institution that fosters understanding, appreciation, and a sense of community. Its dynamic exhibitions, interactive programs, and commitment to contemporary art make it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in exploring the rich cultural heritage and dynamic present of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.中文回答：宁夏博物馆是一座宏伟的建筑奇迹，它将现代设计与宁夏回族自治区的丰富文化遗产完美融合。
卢浮宫博物院英文作文
卢浮宫博物院英文作文The Louvre Museum is one of the most famous museums in the world. It's located in Paris, France and it's home to thousands of works of art, including the famous Mona Lisa. The museum is huge and it can be overwhelming to try to see everything in one visit.The building itself is a work of art. It's a beautiful old palace with stunning architecture and it's worth avisit just to see the building. The museum is also home to many famous sculptures, including the Venus de Milo and the Winged Victory of Samothrace.One of the best things about the Louvre is that it has something for everyone. Whether you're interested in ancient Egyptian artifacts, Renaissance paintings, or modern sculpture, you'll find something to capture your interest. It's a great place to spend a day exploring and discovering new things.The museum can get very crowded, especially in the summer months, so it's a good idea to plan your visit carefully. Try to go early in the morning or later in the afternoon to avoid the biggest crowds. And be sure to take your time and really soak in the beauty of the art and the building.Overall, the Louvre Museum is a must-see for anyone visiting Paris. It's an iconic museum with an incredible collection of art and artifacts from all over the world. Whether you're a casual art lover or a serious art enthusiast, you're sure to find something to love at the Louvre.。
博物馆的资源情况英文作文
博物馆的资源情况英文作文The resources of a museum are crucial for its success. Firstly, the most important resource is the collection itself. The museum houses a vast array of artifacts, artworks, and historical items that provide visitors with a unique and educational experience.Secondly, the museum relies on its staff as a valuable resource. Curators, historians, and specialists are responsible for researching, preserving, and presenting the collection to the public. Their expertise and knowledge enhance the visitors' understanding and appreciation of the exhibits.In addition, funding is a vital resource for the museum. Financial support from government grants, private donations, and ticket sales allows the museum to maintain and expandits collection, as well as organize special exhibitions and educational programs. Without sufficient funding, the museum would struggle to fulfill its mission.Another important resource is technology. Museums nowadays utilize various digital tools and platforms to enhance visitor engagement. Interactive displays, virtual reality experiences, and online collections enable visitors to explore and learn in a more immersive and interactive way.Furthermore, partnerships and collaborations are valuable resources for museums. Working together with other cultural institutions, universities, and community organizations allows museums to access additional expertise, resources, and audiences. Collaborative projects also promote knowledge exchange and cultural diversity.Lastly, the physical space of the museum itself is a significant resource. The architecture, layout, and designof the museum building impact the visitor experience. Well-designed exhibition halls, galleries, and public spaces create a welcoming and inspiring environment for visitorsto engage with the collection.In conclusion, a museum's resources encompass its collection, staff, funding, technology, partnerships, and physical space. These resources work together to create a vibrant and enriching cultural institution that offers visitors a unique and educational experience.。
新西兰博物馆作文英文作文
新西兰博物馆作文英文作文The New Zealand Museum is a fascinating place to visit. It's full of interesting artifacts and exhibits that tell the story of this beautiful country.Walking through the museum, you can see Maori carvings, traditional costumes, and ancient tools. It's like stepping back in time and experiencing the rich culture of New Zealand.One of the highlights of the museum is the exhibit on the natural history of the country. From the uniquewildlife to the stunning landscapes, you can learn so much about what makes New Zealand so special.I was particularly impressed by the interactiveexhibits that let you experience what it's like to be a Maori warrior or explore the depths of the ocean. It's a fun and educational way to learn about the history and culture of New Zealand.Overall, the New Zealand Museum is a must-visit for anyone interested in learning more about this incredible country. It's a place where you can immerse yourself in the past and present of New Zealand, and come away with a deeper appreciation for its people and heritage.。
国外博物馆必备英语作文
As a high school student with a passion for history and culture, visiting museums abroad has been one of the most enriching experiences in my life. Not only do these institutions provide a window into the past, but they also offer a unique opportunity to immerse oneself in the stories and artifacts that have shaped the world. However, to fully appreciate and navigate these cultural treasures, a certain level of English proficiency is essential. Here, I recount my experiences and the indispensable English phrases Ive learned to make the most out of my museum visits.The Importance of English in MuseumsWhen I first stepped into the British Museum in London, I was overwhelmed by the sheer size and diversity of the exhibits. From the Rosetta Stone to the Elgin Marbles, each piece had a story to tell. But to understand these narratives, English was the key. The descriptions, audio guides, and tour guides were predominantly in English, the de facto language of international communication.Essential English Phrases1. Asking for Information: Excuse me, could you tell me where I can find the Egyptian mummies? This simple question was my goto whenever I needed directions within the museum.2. Understanding Descriptions: Phrases like This artifact dates back to... and It was used for... became my companions as I read the placards next to each exhibit.3. Engaging with Staff: Im interested in learning more about this period. Do you have any recommendations for further reading? This allowed me to delve deeper into the topics that intrigued me.4. Participating in Tours: Is this tour available in English? was crucial for ensuring I could follow along with the讲解员s insights.5. Expressing Interest: Thats fascinating! Can you tell me more about the history behind this piece? showed my enthusiasm and often led to more detailed explanations from the guides.Personal ExperiencesDuring my visit to the Louvre in Paris, I was particularly drawn to the Winged Victory of Samothrace. However, the information provided was limited, and my French was not sufficient to ask for more details. Thankfully, I remembered the phrase, Do you have an English brochure about this sculpture? which led to a more profound understanding of its significance.The Role of TechnologyIn the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, I utilized the museums app, which offered an English audio tour. This not only helped me navigate the vast collection but also provided indepth explanations in English, enhancing my appreciation for the artworks.Overcoming Language BarriersDespite the prevalence of English, there were moments when language barriers presented challenges. In a small museum in Florence, Italy, the descriptions were only in Italian. Here, I relied on my smartphones translation app to get a gist of the exhibits, although it wasnt as enriching as understanding the narratives in English.ConclusionMy museum experiences abroad have underscored the importance of English as a global language, especially in the context of cultural appreciation. It has not only facilitated my understanding of history and art but also enriched my interactions with museum staff and fellow visitors. As I continue to explore the worlds museums, my English language skills will undoubtedly be my most valuable asset, allowing me to connect with the stories that have shaped our collective past.。
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第一篇：航空博物馆与航空展示公园巴特罗米耶杰·基谢列夫斯基飞翔的概念、场所的精神、老机场的建筑---克拉科夫新航空博物馆理性地吸取了这些元素，并将它们整合到一座建筑当中。
Rakowice-Czyzyny机场之前的旧飞机修理库为新建筑的平面和高度设定了模数比例。
在此基本形态上进一步发展，如同裁切和折叠一架纸飞机，生成了一座巨大的建筑。
其三角形机翼是由混凝土制成，却如同风动螺旋桨一样轻盈。
这个机翼宽大通透，向各个方向开敞。
它们的形态与组织都是依据内部功能来设计的。
机翼部分为3个不平衡的平面，使内外景观在不断变化中形成空间的延续性，并且联系了建筑内的视觉焦点和室外的展览区。
新航空展示公园的设计连接了博物馆的8栋建筑和户外展览区，并与历史体验建立联系。
从前的视觉轴线与通道得到尊重，旧的道路得到了完善，朝向飞机场和跑道的空间被限定出来。
每栋建筑展示了一个主题或是一段飞行史。
建筑周围伸展出巨大的平台，为特殊主题的室外展览提供了空间。
博物馆容纳了超过150架飞机、引擎、飞行复制品、成套的技术档案和历史图片。
这里的特色收藏是飞机起源开始的各种飞行器，如Jatho1903、Grade1909、莱特兄弟1909年的飞机模型和1911年的鸽式单翼机。
The first passage:Museum for aviation and aviation exhibition parkBartiomiej KislelewskiThe idea of flying, the spirit of place, the structure of the historic airfield – the new Museum of Aviation in Krakow takes up these references intellectually and synthesizes them into a building. The old hangars of the former airport Rakowice Czyzyny set the modular scale for the footprint and the height of the new building. Developed from this basic shape, as if cut out and folded like a paper airplane, a large structure has been generated, with triangular wings made of concrete and yet as light as a wind-vane propeller. The wings are generously glazed and open in all directions. Their form andarrangement depend on the interior uses. In the floor plans of the wings, the three offset floor layers generate a spatial continuum of varying insights and outlooks, to focal points within the building and to exhibition areas outside.The design of the new aviation park links the eight buildings of the museum and open-air exhibition areas in a joint historical experience. Former view axes and paths are respected, old alleys are completed and spaces towards the airfield and taxiway are defined. Each building exhibits one topic or episode of aviation, with a large base platform extending around it giving spaces for open-air exhibition of the particular themes. The museum contains more than 150 planes, engines, aviation artefacts, sets of technical construction documents and historical pictures. A special feature is the collection of aircraft from the beginning of aviation, such as the Jatho 1903, the Grade 1909, a Wright Brothers model from 1909, and the Etrivh Taube from 1911.第二篇:华沙现代艺术博物馆克里斯蒂安·克雷兹此建筑正逐步向综合性展览与多功能空间的方向发展。
建筑东侧的画廊空间由街道层开始，就在力求营造艺术的可见性与可及性。
展厅容纳的功能定位于更广泛的大众----波兰和国际艺术界的“知名人士”将在这里展示他们的作品。
首层空间服务于多种功能----一个大型报告厅和电影院将设置在这里，同时还有一个大型书店、南向观景餐厅、中心广场、以及一个名为“华沙画廊”的附加展示空间----目的是要将当地艺术的气氛、各项目间有趣的互动纳入外界视觉艺术的构架。
博物馆的主要门厅朝向Marszalkowska大街和未来的中心广场，并与博物馆上面各层相连。
巨大的、如圆形剧场般的楼梯将参观者引导上来，宽敞的接待大厅将整个楼层分两个部分：巨大的东侧展厅和西侧的画廊。
展厅高达16m，具有大教堂般的空间体验，并将容纳大尺度的雕塑类和放置特定的展览项目。
建筑西翼将容纳博物馆的核心部分，即永久展厅，是按照20世纪与21世纪波兰与国际艺术发展史分区设置的展览。
附加空间用于对艺术档案与文件的探索与研究。
正如开幕展上博物馆临时馆长所说的，“我一睁开眼睛，就会看到一部电影，是那些1960年代、1970年代前南斯拉夫的实验艺术。
”在博物馆系列画廊后面是图书馆和阅览室，通过独立的楼梯和街道层入口与首层相连。
通过整合两个楼层的功能、人性化的展览布局、教育区与娱乐区，以及将结构与立面结合的屋顶构件理念，这些措施使该项目达到了最大程度的和谐与统一的效果。
The second passage:Museum of modern art in warsawChristian KerezThe building is gradually evolving towards the full integration of exhibition and multi-function spaces. The art will be visible- and reachable- from the street level at the gallery space in the east wing of the building .That exhibition hall will host a program aimed at the wide public –“big names” in both Polish and international art will be shown here.The spaces on the ground floor will offer a varied program-both the large auditorium and the cinema hall will be located here, together with a large bookshop, restaurant overlooking the southern, central plaza, and an additional exhibition space, called “The Warsaw Gallery” –aimed at the local artistic milieu, interesting debuts as well interdisciplinary projects, reaching outside the visual arts framework.The main lobby of the Museum will be opened towards both Marszalkowska street and the future central plaza, and it will also connect to the upper floor of the Museum. Wide, amphitheatre-like stairs will lead visitors up, where a roomy reception lobby bisects the whole floor, dividing the vast east exhibition room, reaching 16 meters in height, will give a cathedral-like experience and will host large-scale sculptural and site specific projects.The western wing will house the core of the Museum, i.e. its permanent collection halls, followed by rooms for historical exhibitions of Polish and international art of the 20th and 21st centuries. Additional space will host research projects, aimed at exploration of artistic archives and documentation, such as the inaugural exhibition “As soon as Iopen my eyes, I see a film. Experiment in the art of Yugoslavia in the 1960’s and 1970’s.” held at Museum temporary HQ. Behind that set of galleries the museum library and reading rooms will be located, connected to the ground floor through independent staircases and entrance from the street level.The integration of the functional program on two floors, visitor-friendly layout of exhibition, educational and leisure areas, as well as the architectonic concept of the roof which combines both the construction and façade of the building-all those steps lead towards a maximum of coherence and unity of the project.第三篇:波兰犹太人历史博物馆拉赫戴尔玛马赫兰姆基2005年春举办了波兰犹太历史博物馆的国际设计竞赛。