it句型(包括强调句等经典句型)(教案)

It句型

适用学科高中英语适用年级新高二升高三年级适用区域全国使用人教版的地区课时时长（分钟）60

知识点1、It 的结构。

2、It句型的用法。

教学目标总结、熟记it句型的结构；要学会在实际中灵活运用。

教学重点1、教会能正确运用it句型。

2、督促记住it句型的用法。

教学难点It句型正确运用

教学过程

一、复习预习

1、教师出示上节课预留的练习题，根据学生实际情况进行讲解分析；

2、引导学生复习上节内容；

3、并引入本节课程内容。

二、知识讲解

考点/易错点1 it基本用法

①it用作代词，代替前面提到过的人或事。如：

—Is the baby a boy or a girl?

—It’s a boy. (it指上文提到的baby)

The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but it didn’t help. (it指上文叙述的事)

注意：

it, that, one都可以用来代替前面提到的人或事，但这三个代词之间有不同之处：

it用来代替前面提到的可数名词，所指的是事物本身；that用来代替不可数名词，指的是前面提到的名词中的同一类事物；one则用来代替前面出现过的可数名词，并且是指这类事物中的一个。如：

I can’t find my pen anywhere. I must have lost it. (it指前面的pen本身)

Life today is much better than that in the old days. (that指代前面提到的与life同类的事物)

I can’t find my pen. I’m going to buy one. (one指前面的pen这类事物中的一个)

②it可用来指天气、时间、距离、自然环境等。如：

It was very cold in Beijing in winter. （it指天气）

It was too late and I had to leave for home. （it指时间）

What a long way it is from Beijing to London! （it指距离）

It was quiet in the school at night. （it指自然环境）

③it可用来指人，特别是不知道对方的性别时。如：

Whose baby is it? It’s very lovely.

考点/易错点2 It 用作形式主语

当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it 只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。

e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie.

(说谎是错误的。) 〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕

It is no use arguing about it.

(争吵是没用的。) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕

It is uncertain who will come.

(谁要来还不确定。) 〔It为who will come的形式主语〕

It 作形式主语的常见句型：

①It + be + 形容词+ to do sth. / doing / that ….

e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language.

(学一门外语非常重要。)

It is useless crying over the spilt milk.

(覆水难收。)

It was really surprising that she married a man like that.

(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。)

②It + be +名词词组+ doing / that ….

e.g. It is no good telling lies.

(撒谎没好处。)

It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.

(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。)

It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party.

(没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。)

③It + be + 过去分词+ that ….

该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.

e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.

(据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。)

It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.

(大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。)

It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.

(据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。)

④It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词+ that ….

e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.

(似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。)

It appears that Tom might change his mind.

(看来汤姆可能会改变主意。)

⑤若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。

e.g. Does it matter much that they won’t come tomorrow?

(他们明天不来很重要吗？)

Is it true that he will go abroad next week?

(他下周出国是真的吗？)

⑥It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth.

这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（to do sth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。

e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials.

(我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。)

It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.

(从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。)

How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train?

(从青岛坐火车到北京一般要花多久时间？)

I am not sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.

(我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才能到那儿。)