惠特曼 自我之歌
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二 Publication history
பைடு நூலகம்
The poem was published first without sections and was the first of twelve untitled poems of the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass. Now it is one of the best-known poems of the publication. The first edition was published by Whitman at his own expense. In the edition of 1856, Whitman used the title "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American", which was shortened to "Song of Myself" for the 1860 edition. The poem was divided into fifty-two numbered sections for the 1867 edition.
本文由daeminem贡献
一 Walt Whitman
Walter "Walt" Whitman (May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist and journalist. A humanist,(人道主义者) he was a part of the transition between transcendentalism （超 验主义：一种文学和哲学运动，与拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生和玛格丽特·富勒有关，宣称存在一 种理想的精神实体，超越于经验和科学之处，通过直觉得以把握） and realism（现实主义）, incorporating both views in his works. Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon（作家的真作）, often called the father of free verse.自由诗 His work was very controversial in its time, particularly his poetry collection Leaves of Grass, which was described as obscene for its overt sexuality. Born on Long Island, Whitman worked as a journalist, a teacher, a government clerk, and–in addition to publishing his poetry–was a volunteer nurse during the American Civil War. Whitman's major work, Leaves of Grass, was first published in 1855 with his own money. The work was an attempt at reaching out to the common person with an American epic. He continued expanding and revising it until his death in 1892. After a stroke towards the end of his life, he moved to Camden, New Jersey, where his health further declined. He died at age 72 and his funeral became a public spectacle. 'spekt?k?l] n. 景象, 场面, 奇观, 壮观, 公开展 Whitman's sexuality is often discussed alongside his poetry. Though biographers continue to debate his sexuality, he is usually described as either homosexual or bisexual in his feelings and attractions. Whitman was concerned with politics throughout his life. He opposed the extension of slavery generally. His poetry presented an egalitarian view of the races, and at one point he called for the abolition of slavery, but later he saw the abolitionist movement as a threat to democracy.[6] "Song of Myself" is a poem by Walt Whitman that is included in his work Leaves of Grass.
? ? ? ?
“in all people I see myself, none more and not one a barleycorn less/and the good or bad I say of myself I say of them” (Section 20) “it is you talking just as much as myself…I act as the tongue of you” (Section 47) “I am large, I contain multitudes.大众 平民” (Section 51) “For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.” (Section 1)
四"Self"
The "self" of the poem's speaker - the "I" of the poem - should not be limited to or confused with the person of the historical Walt Whitman. The persona described has transcended the conventional boundaries of self. "I pass death with the dying, and birth with the new-washed babe .... and am not contained between my hat and boots" (section 7). There are several other quotes from the poem that make it apparent that Whitman does not consider the narrator to represent a single individual. Rather, he seems to be narrating for all:
五 Commentary
Whitman’s grand poem is, in its way, an American epic. Beginning in medias res—in the middle of the poet’s life—it loosely follows a quest pattern. “Missing me one place search another,” he tells his reader, “I stop somewhere waiting for you.” In its catalogues of American life and its constant search for the boundaries of the self “Song of Myself” has much in common with classical epic. Since for Whitman the birthplace of poetry is in the self, the best way to learn about poetry is to relax and watch the workings of one’s own mind. While “Song of Myself” is crammed 填塞 with significant detail, there are three key episodes that must be examined. The first of these is found in the sixth section of the poem. A child asks the narrator “What is the grass?” and the narrator is forced to explore his own use of symbolism and his inability to break things down to essential principles. The bunches of grass in the child’s hands
三 Literary styles
Critics have noted a strong Transcendentalist 超验主义 influence on the poem, a theory somewhat validated'v?l?,det] 使有效;使生效 2. 承认...为正当;确认;证实 by Ralph Waldo Emerson's 拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生 enthusiastic letter praising the first edition of Leaves of Grass.
In addition to this romanticism, the poem seems to anticipate a kind of realism that would only become important in United States literature after the Civil War. In the following 1855 passage, for example, we can see Whitman's inclusion of the gritty 似沙砾 的 details of everyday life: The lunatic ['lun?,t?k]疯子 is carried at last to the asylum [?'sail?m] 精神病院 a confirmed case, He will never sleep any more as he did it in the cot in his mother's bedroom; The dour 冷峻的 printer with gray head and gaunt jaws works at his case, He turns his quid of tobacco, his eyes get blurred 模糊 with the manuscript 原稿 手抄本; The malformed limbs are tied to the anatomist's table, What is removed drops horribly in a pail; The quadroon girl is sold at the stand . . . . the drunkard nods by the barroom stove ... (section 15)
பைடு நூலகம்
The poem was published first without sections and was the first of twelve untitled poems of the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass. Now it is one of the best-known poems of the publication. The first edition was published by Whitman at his own expense. In the edition of 1856, Whitman used the title "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American", which was shortened to "Song of Myself" for the 1860 edition. The poem was divided into fifty-two numbered sections for the 1867 edition.
本文由daeminem贡献
一 Walt Whitman
Walter "Walt" Whitman (May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist and journalist. A humanist,(人道主义者) he was a part of the transition between transcendentalism （超 验主义：一种文学和哲学运动，与拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生和玛格丽特·富勒有关，宣称存在一 种理想的精神实体，超越于经验和科学之处，通过直觉得以把握） and realism（现实主义）, incorporating both views in his works. Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon（作家的真作）, often called the father of free verse.自由诗 His work was very controversial in its time, particularly his poetry collection Leaves of Grass, which was described as obscene for its overt sexuality. Born on Long Island, Whitman worked as a journalist, a teacher, a government clerk, and–in addition to publishing his poetry–was a volunteer nurse during the American Civil War. Whitman's major work, Leaves of Grass, was first published in 1855 with his own money. The work was an attempt at reaching out to the common person with an American epic. He continued expanding and revising it until his death in 1892. After a stroke towards the end of his life, he moved to Camden, New Jersey, where his health further declined. He died at age 72 and his funeral became a public spectacle. 'spekt?k?l] n. 景象, 场面, 奇观, 壮观, 公开展 Whitman's sexuality is often discussed alongside his poetry. Though biographers continue to debate his sexuality, he is usually described as either homosexual or bisexual in his feelings and attractions. Whitman was concerned with politics throughout his life. He opposed the extension of slavery generally. His poetry presented an egalitarian view of the races, and at one point he called for the abolition of slavery, but later he saw the abolitionist movement as a threat to democracy.[6] "Song of Myself" is a poem by Walt Whitman that is included in his work Leaves of Grass.
? ? ? ?
“in all people I see myself, none more and not one a barleycorn less/and the good or bad I say of myself I say of them” (Section 20) “it is you talking just as much as myself…I act as the tongue of you” (Section 47) “I am large, I contain multitudes.大众 平民” (Section 51) “For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.” (Section 1)
四"Self"
The "self" of the poem's speaker - the "I" of the poem - should not be limited to or confused with the person of the historical Walt Whitman. The persona described has transcended the conventional boundaries of self. "I pass death with the dying, and birth with the new-washed babe .... and am not contained between my hat and boots" (section 7). There are several other quotes from the poem that make it apparent that Whitman does not consider the narrator to represent a single individual. Rather, he seems to be narrating for all:
五 Commentary
Whitman’s grand poem is, in its way, an American epic. Beginning in medias res—in the middle of the poet’s life—it loosely follows a quest pattern. “Missing me one place search another,” he tells his reader, “I stop somewhere waiting for you.” In its catalogues of American life and its constant search for the boundaries of the self “Song of Myself” has much in common with classical epic. Since for Whitman the birthplace of poetry is in the self, the best way to learn about poetry is to relax and watch the workings of one’s own mind. While “Song of Myself” is crammed 填塞 with significant detail, there are three key episodes that must be examined. The first of these is found in the sixth section of the poem. A child asks the narrator “What is the grass?” and the narrator is forced to explore his own use of symbolism and his inability to break things down to essential principles. The bunches of grass in the child’s hands
三 Literary styles
Critics have noted a strong Transcendentalist 超验主义 influence on the poem, a theory somewhat validated'v?l?,det] 使有效;使生效 2. 承认...为正当;确认;证实 by Ralph Waldo Emerson's 拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生 enthusiastic letter praising the first edition of Leaves of Grass.
In addition to this romanticism, the poem seems to anticipate a kind of realism that would only become important in United States literature after the Civil War. In the following 1855 passage, for example, we can see Whitman's inclusion of the gritty 似沙砾 的 details of everyday life: The lunatic ['lun?,t?k]疯子 is carried at last to the asylum [?'sail?m] 精神病院 a confirmed case, He will never sleep any more as he did it in the cot in his mother's bedroom; The dour 冷峻的 printer with gray head and gaunt jaws works at his case, He turns his quid of tobacco, his eyes get blurred 模糊 with the manuscript 原稿 手抄本; The malformed limbs are tied to the anatomist's table, What is removed drops horribly in a pail; The quadroon girl is sold at the stand . . . . the drunkard nods by the barroom stove ... (section 15)