第四讲 介词、数词、限定词.学生版)doc
限定词的种类
限定词的种类限定词是英语中一类用来修饰名词或名词性短语的词汇，起到限制或具体化名词的作用。
在英语语法中，常见的限定词包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数量词、基数词、序数词、不定代词等。
本文将分别介绍并解释这些限定词的种类和用法。
一、冠词 (Articles)冠词是指用来限定名词范围的词语，分为定冠词和不定冠词两种。
1. 定冠词 (Definite Articles)定冠词包括"the"，用于特指已提及或共知的人、事物或概念。
例如：- The book on the table is mine.（桌子上的那本书是我的。
）- The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。
）2. 不定冠词 (Indefinite Articles)不定冠词包括"a"和"an"，用于泛指或表示名词是一个类别中的任意一个。
例如：- I saw a bird in the garden.（我在花园里看到一只鸟。
）- She wants to be an actress.（她想成为一名女演员。
）二、指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns)指示代词指代特定的人、事物或位置，并且根据离说话人的距离分为远指和近指两种。
1. 远指代词远指代词包括"that"和"those"，用于指代离说话人较远的事物或人们。
例如：- That is a beautiful sunset.（那是一个美丽的日落。
）- Look at those flowers over there.（看看那边的花。
）2. 近指代词近指代词包括"this"和"these"，用于指代离说话人较近的事物或人们。
例如：- This is my new car.（这是我的新车。
）- These are my friends.（这些是我的朋友。
(完整word版)限定词
限定词1．什么叫限定词限定词位于名词之前，对名词起特指、泛指或表示数量等限定作用的一类词,如：特指：the book， my book, this book 等（说话或听话人都知道指点哪一个事物。
）泛指：a book, some books, 等（泛指是指点任何一个(些）事物)数量：two books, many books， much sugar 等在句子中担任主语、宾语、补足语等的名词词组，一般都由“限定词（+形容词）+名词（+后置修饰语）”构成。
但是限定词有不同类型，名词有不同种类，限定词与名词不能随便搭配，因此哪些限定词可以与哪些名词并用就必须加以注意。
总的来说，限定词一般不与专有名词搭配,用于普通名词时要根据名词的数和类别来决定.我们把名词划分为以下三类：单数可数名词：a book that book 等复数可数名词：these books such books 等不可数名词：some tea little water 等2、哪些是限定词兹将限定词列表如下,表中指明各个限定词与三类名词搭配的情况：限定词单数可数复数可数不可数a(n） book -- -—a (little)bit of -— -- breada great amount of -——- breada great (good) deal of -- —— breada great（good, large, small)number of —- books --all day books breada lot of —— books breadanother book -- --any book books breadboth -— books ——double the price the quantities the strengtheach book -- --either book -———enough -- books breadevery book —- -—(a） few —— books —-fewer，（the） fewest —— books -—the first， the second， etc prize prizes -—half an hour the men the breadthe last book books -—(the ） least thing —— breadless —— -— bread(a） little -— -— breadlots of —— books breadmany a book books —-more -- books breadmost —— books breadmuch —- -— breadmy， your， his， etc book books breadTom’s, the old man’s, etc book books breadneither book -- --the next book books --no book books breadone book ———-one-third, two—fifths， etc (of)the book (of) the books the timeother student students breadthe other book books --plenty of —- books breadseveral -- books --some (某一）book books breadsuch book books breadthat book books breadthe book books breadthese -— books —-this book -— breadthose -- books ——twice, three times, etc the figure the quantities his strengthtwo, three， etc —- books --what（ever） book books breadwhich(ever） book books breadwhose book books breadzero(不用冠词或其它限定词) man men bread[注] 表内“-”表示有关限定词不能与该类名词搭配.限定词的搭配 1、概说名词词组中,当两个或两个以上的限定词同时出现时，限定词之间有一定的搭配关系，根据其不同的搭配位置可分为三类,其中最重要的一类是中位限定词,:Write your answer on every other line。
语法课第四讲——英语句子成分划分四
语法课第四讲——英语句子成分划分一、定义：组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。
二、种类：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、同位语等。
三、顺序：一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。
四、分析：1．主语(名词代词形)：句子的主体，是谓语陈述，说明的对象。
充当主语的形式：1）名词2）代词3）名词短语4）名词从句5）数词6）不定式7）-ing形式8）介词短语（少见）形式主语（名词从句，不定式，动名词）If you want the rainbow you have to put up with the rain.不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。
The secret of success is to start from scratch and keep on scratching.成功的秘诀在于从磨练开始，并要坚持不断磨练。
2．谓语：表示主语的行为或进行的活动。
谓语形式：动词（英语句子的灵魂）I have a dream.You don’t always want what you need, or need what you want.所需之物未必皆所欲，所欲未必皆所需。
3．宾语：行为或活动的对象，接受者或受影响者。
充当宾语形式：1）名词2）代词3）名词短语4）名词从句5）数词6）不定式7）-ing形式形式宾语（名词从句，不定式，动名词）（见第六讲主语和宾语）You don’t find opportunities…you make them.你找不到机会。
你得去创造机会。
You probably won’t hear oppor tunity knock if your television is always on.如果你常开着电视，你就可能听不到机会的敲门声。
4．表语：说明主语的身份和情况。
(跟在系动词后) 构成形式：1）名词2）形容词3）代词4）数词5）不定式6）ing形式7）过去分词8）副词9）介词短语10）小品词11）名词从句Time is money.Three o’clock is always too late or too early for anything you want to do.你想做什么事，三点钟总是太早或太迟。
小升初总复习—形容词、数词、介词、连词、动词课件
①一般加er或est
taller
②以e结尾，加r或st
nicer
③辅元辅，双写辅音，再加 bigger er或est
④辅音+y结尾，变y为i，再 funnier 加er或est
⑤部分双音节词和多音节词， more
在词前加more或most
friendly
最高级 tallest nicest biggest
eg. like—likes
2、以s、x、ch、sh结尾的动词，加es
eg. watch — watches
3、以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，变y为i，再加es。
eg. study— studies
4、特殊变化：have— has do— does
练习 1、Peter often _p_l_ay_s_ (play) basketball.
( A )1.—How____are you? —I'm ten.
A.old B.tall
C.heavy
( B )2.—How____are you? —I'm 1.65 metres.
A.old
B.tall
C.heavy
( A )3.Winter is coming. The weather is getting___.
A.colder and colder B.hot and hot
C.warmer and warmer
小升初总复习 ——数词
五、数词
数词分为基数词和序数词。
基数词: 用来表示数目多少。
eg. one
three
序数词: 用来表示事物的先后顺序。
eg. first
second
词性学习-数词、形容词、介词,代词
数词1. 定义:表示"多少"和"第几"的词,叫数词。
其用法相当于名词或者形容词。
数词分为基数词和序数词两种。
基数词: 表示数目的词是基数词,最基本的数词如下:1 one,2 two,3 three,4 four,5 five,6 six,7 seven,8 eight,9 nine, 10 ten, 11 eleven, 12 twelve, 13 thirteen, 14 fourteen, 15 fifteen, 16 sixteen, 17 seventeen,18 eighteen, 19 nineteen, 20 twenty, 30 thirty, 40 forty, 50 fifty, 60 sixty,70 seventy, 80 eighty, 90 ninety,100 a hundred,1,000 a thousand, 1,000,000 a million,1,000,000,000 a billion.基数词1-12 是独立单词,需逐个记忆。
基数词13 - 19是个位数词的词干后加-teen 构成。
其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen, 变化不规则。
基数词20 ━90 是在十位数词后面加-ty 构成。
基数词21 ━ 99 是在十位数词后面加上个位数词合成,中间加上连字符" ━ " 。
例如:21 twenty ━ one 95 ninety ━ five基数词三位以上的数词, 在百位和十位之间,一般要用连词"and "。
例如:132 one hundred and thirty ━ two.1340 one thousand three hundred and forty表示"万"的词英语中没有.如1万可用10千来表示。
ten thousand. 30万可用three hundred thousand 来表示。
名词、代词、数词、冠词、介词、连词
.
人称代词
人称代词（Personal pronouns）在指称 上的特殊性：
it 指代婴儿；she, her常指称轮船、汽车和国家；we, you 有时可泛指一般人；one 有时做单数人称代词， 有时可泛指人们。如：
❖ The distance light travels in one second is somewhere about 300,000 kilometers.
❖ 试用不同短语翻译：大约有7000名学生参加了会议。
.
不定数目的表示法
2. 用and 或or 连接两个相邻的并列数词。如： ❖ The students came into the classroom by twos
• When the repairs had been done, she was a fine and beautiful ship. • We eat to live, not live to eat. • One has to think of the practical side of things.
.
可数名词有单、复数之分。可数名词的复数形 式有以下几种：
情况
加法
例词
一般情况
以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词
加-s 加-es
以辅音＋y结尾的词 去y加-ies
以辅音+o 结尾的词 多数加-es
brothers;schools buses;watches;dishes*1 ladies; countries*2 heroes;tomatoes*3
初中英语词汇知识讲解：介词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词【DOC范文整理】
初中英语词汇知识讲解：介词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词介词1表示时间的介词及介词短语?in,at,on,before，after，till，since，for,froto,until，by，intheiddleof，atthebeginningof，attheendof，athalfpastfive，atnight，inaee，intheorning，inclass，atsunrise，inspring/suer/autun/inter，onSunday，onSaturdayafternoon，onainterevening，foralongtie，fortoonths，afterschool，sinceliberation，beforelunch，atthetieof，attheageof。
2表示地点的介词及介词短语?in，at，into，to，on，beside，before，behind，above，under，outside,inside,up,fro,far,fro,near,across，off，don，aong，past，beteen，outof，around，inthefrontof，intheiddleof，atthebacof，atthefootof，athoe，atthegate，atthetable，inthesy，ontheground，inatree，inthesouth，inthesun，inthebed，onone’sayhoe，bythesideof。
形容词、副词形容词、副词1形容词的位置形容词作定语一般要放在名词前面，但当形容词修饰不定代词soething，nothing，anything时要放在所修饰的不定代词之后。
如：soethingiportant，nothingserious。
当形容词带有表示度量的词或词组作定语或表语时，定语或表语要后置。
如：ehavedugaholetoetersdeep.Theholeisabouttoetresdeep.2形容词的比较等级单音节词和少数双音节词，在词尾加—r，—st来构成比较级和最高级。
英语之中名词、代词、动词、形容词、冠词、数词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词讲课讲稿
（一）1、名词名词(Nouns）是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。
名词可以独立成句。
在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。
2、代词是代替名词的一种词类。
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。
3、动词，就是用来形容或表示各类动作的词汇。
基本上每个完整的子句都有一个动词，要表示第二个动作时可使用不定词、动名词、对等连接词、从属连接词或增加子句等方法连结。
根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类。
4、形容词形容词【adjective】很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。
主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征5、冠词的定义冠词是置于名词之前，对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。
冠词可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而独立存在。
冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种6、数词表示"多少"和"第几"的词,叫数词。
其用法相当于名词或者形容词。
数词分为基数词和序数词两种。
表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。
7、副词(Adverb)副词的定义: 副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。
8、介词的定义和特征介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。
在句中不能单独作句字成分。
介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。
（二）1、名词，人或事物的名称3、代词，代替名词或者数词（比如some就是代替数目）3、动词，动作或状态4、数词，表示数目或顺序（比如序数词，5th就是表示顺序）5、形容词，人或事物的性质或状态（因为形容词一般修饰名词）6、副词，动作的特征或性状特征（因为副词一般修饰动词或形容词）7、冠词，表示名词的泛指或特指8、介词，表示名词或代词与其他词的关系（因为介词后面一半紧跟名词，代词或其他名词性结构）9、连词，连接词与词，短语与短语，句子与句子10、感叹词，表示说话时的感情或语气（三）1、adj. / a. 形容词用来描述一类物质的性质,状态,外貌,或人的性格特点,性质,品格如:big,happy2、adv. / ad. 副词用来修饰动作或形容词,一般在句子中做状语用表示动作的进行怎样,或表示程度,特点,如:clearly,happily3、prep. 介词连接地点,时间的一类词语,可以表示方位,时间.跟一些表示时间,地点的词连用表示介词词组如:in,to,on,under4、conj. 连词用来连接时间,地点,原因,结果的一类词语如:when,beacuse,so5、num. 数词表示数字的词,既可以是基数词,也可以是序数词如:one,two,first6、int. 感叹词表示感叹的一类词,一般不加一解释,只代表感叹如:what,how,haurray7、vt. 及物动词（后面要加宾语）行为动作的词如:do,finish,play8、vi. 不及物动词（后面不加宾语）表示行为动作的词如:appear9、n. 名词表示物体,物质的词如:pig,cow,man10、pron. 代词代指一类人,事或物的词如:he,she,hers,his,things11、art = 冠词，article的缩写（四）在英语语法中主要把词分为8大类：1．名词：表示人、物或地方等，如：John，teacher；table，pen；London；beauty．2．代词：用来代替名词，以避免重复某个名词，如：I，you，it，that，those，them．3．形容词：用来修饰或限制某个（些）名词，如：good（man），white （paper），every（book），much（water），（John is）hon－est，（He seems）lazy．被修饰或限制的名词，叫做主体词（head-word）。
名词、代词、数词、冠词、介词、连词
❖ I hate people who/ that talk much but do little.
❖ I’m looking at the photograph which/ that you sent me with your letter.
❖ Everything that can be done has been done.
只有复数形式的情况： trousers(裤子); glasses(眼镜); compasses(圆规) thanks; clothes; remains; goods; people; cattle
a pair of
有些名词可以兼作可数名词和不可数名词。
glass ( 玻璃 )
a glass ( 玻璃杯 )
3.2 基数词
❖ 基数词一般可写成如345或three hundred and forty-five。基数词一般是单数形式，但 遇下列情况，常用复数：
1. 与of 短语连用，表示概数，不能与具体数目连用， 如scores of people 指许多人。
2. 在一些表示"一排"或"一组"的词组里。例如：They arrived in twos and threes. 他们三三两两的到了。
copper ( 铜 )
a copper ( 铜币／板 )
tin ( 锡 )
a tin ( 罐头 )
paper ( 纸 )
a paper ( 报纸，证件，论文 )
iron (铁 )
an iron (熨斗 )
wood ( 木头 )
a wood ( 树林 )
gold (金子 )
a gold (金牌 )
youth (青春 )
第四讲 冠词、代词和介词
4 ． [2021·安 徽 省 高 三 联 考 ]Being ___________ international port, Quanzhou, is home to a huge number of Chinese who have gone abroad and can be tracked to more than 130 countries and regions around the globe.
As is known to all，China is the biggest developing country in the world.
众所周知，中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。 Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in China. 在中国杨利伟是第一个登上太空的人。
第四讲 冠词、代词和介词
冠词
考点一 冠词的基本用法 一、不定冠词a，an 1．在发音以辅音音素开头的单词前用a，在发音以元音音素开头的 单词前用an。 a university，a useful animal，a European car，an hour，an honest boy，an Xray，an ugly man，an honor等。 Judging from his words，he must be an honest man. 从他的话判断，他一定是一位诚实的人。 As is known to us，Russia is a European country. 众所周知，俄罗斯是一个欧洲国家。
2．不定冠词a/an放在单数可数名词前，泛指一个人或一个事物。 They found an apartment in America where they lived only half a year. 他们在美国找到一个公寓，在那里待了仅仅半年。
初中英语中考复习 第4讲 数词 备战2023年中考英语一轮复习重点知识课件
B．three quarter s；are D．three quarter ；are
cover ed
7．(2022·乌鲁木齐)
students went to the univer sity to listen to
【注意】“单数名词+基数词”可转换成“the+序数词+单数名词”， 此时名词的第一个字母不大写。如：Lesson Three＝the thir d lesson 第三课。
【方法技巧】 名词在前要用基，名词在后就用序。
(5)“ 基 数 词 ＋ 单 数 名 词 ” 相 当 于 复 合 形 容 词 作 定 语 。 如 ： a three-year -old girl 一个三岁大的女孩。复合形容词中的名词一定是单数。 复合形容词不能作表语，后面必须跟上所修饰的名词。
3．(2022·襄阳)—Is Dongjin High-speed Railway Station the B
largest in Hubei Province?
—Yes，of course.It's just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan.
【注意】hundred，thousand，million，billion 前有具体数字或 several 修饰时，不用复数形式；表示不确定数目时，要在其后加-s 和 of。如：three hundred students 三百名学生；thousands of students 成千上万的学生。
2．基数词的用法 (1)表示数量的多少。 (2)表示年份或日期，年用基数词，日用序数词。如：1999 年 12 月 20 日读作 December the twentieth，nineteen ninety-nine。 (3)表示时刻。如：7：00 读作 seven o'clock； 8：30 读作 half past eight/eight thirty； 3：05 读作 five past three/three five； 5：48 读作 twelve to six/five forty-eight。
数词,连词,介词,代词
(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时 间连词。主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随 时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。 如： I‟ll tell him about it (the) next time I see him. 我 下次见到他时就把这个情况告诉他。 We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands. 每当我们洗手的时候，我们都要损失 一些皮肤细胞。
Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前 设法把工作做完。 After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass. 喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。 (3) 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要 的有since, until, till。如： She‟s been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。
并列连词的用法
1. 表示转折关系的并列连词，这类连词主要 有 but, yet 等，如： Someone borrowed my pen, but I don‟t remember who. 有人借了我的钢笔，但我不 记得是谁了。 He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn‟t help us. 他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助 我们。 2. 表示因果关系的并列连词，这类连词主要 有 for, so 等，如：
6) 表示百分数用基数词： Thirty percent of them is water. 它们当中有 30%的水。 7) 表示分数时, 分子数字用基数词, 但分母要 用序数词, 如分子大于1, 序数词要用复数形式： Two-fifths of the books are mine. 五分之二的 书是我的。 8) 表示有小数的词用基数词： 5.5-five point five
(2021年整理)小学英语介词和连词讲解
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介词：prep.表时间的介词口诀：年月季节前用in，日期星期要用on，几月几号也用on,上下午晚上又是in,若是某天上下午，要用on来，不用in。
this/ that/ next/ last/every前不加介.今那天下一上一at 时间真具体，正午午夜到黎明.noon night dawn例子：in on at /1. ___this morning2. _in__20133. _in__summer 4。
_in__May5. _in__the morning6. _on__Sundays7. _on_ June, 4th8. _on_the morning of July, 26th9。
_at_7:30pm 10。
_at__dawn11。
_/__ next week12. _/_that year地点介词:at---在小地点 at schoolin-—-在大地点或静止的地点in Beijingon———在露天或平面的场所on the farmon the Ti’anmen Squareon the playground方位介词：9个in on under behind in front of在前面between next to near aroundin the front of 在前部in在境内 on接壤 to 不相邻表方位China is __on__the north of North Korea. Guangzhou is _in__the south of China . America is __to_ the east of China。
(完整word版)限定词的总结
首先需要理解的是，究竟什么是限定词？在英语中，限定词与名词的关系最为密切，因为它必然是修饰某个名词，以限定名词所指的范围，对名词的泛指，特指，定量或不定量起一个限定的作用。
限定词，就是对名词起限定作用的各类词的总称,限定词很多很多。
包括冠词，数词，指示代词，物主代词，不定代词，名词所有格等，这些都看作是限定词的范围.这里总结了一些限定词的用法，限定词的用法很繁琐，很麻烦的那种，需要有很大的耐心和毅力。
这些东西平时最好别看，没啥大用，只是做题的时候必须拿出来查查，题做多了，自然也就掌握了。
数量限定词（一）：a few，few；a little，little一、与名词的搭配关系a few 和few后面只能接复数名词；如：a few days， few boysa little和little 后面只能接不可数名词如：a little water， little money二、肯定、否定的区别a few 和 a little 是肯定的，表示“有一些“的意思；few和little是否定的，表示”很少，几乎没有“.如：a few people can understand.有一些人能理解.few people can understand.没什么人能理解.I have little interest in English.我对英文没什么兴趣.I have a little interest in English.我对英文有一点兴趣。
三、搭配关系正确的搭配是Only a little；only a few；very few；very little，需要无条件记忆，也可以读熟练，靠语感.数量限定词（二）：some 、any一、与名词的搭配关系Some 和any可以跟可数名词的复数，也可以跟不可数名词,表示“一些”。
Some一般用于肯定句，any用于否定和疑问句.疑问句特殊情况是，我们在期待一个正面的回答或鼓励对方说“是“的时候，要在疑问句中用some.如：Would you like to give me some advice？你愿意给我点建议吗？Can I have some more wine？我能在喝点酒吗？二、特殊用法1.Any与单数名词搭配这时候any的意思是“无论哪一个，任何一个”用于肯定句和否定句都行。
介词数词量词代词语文笔记
介词数词量词代词语文笔记一、介词。
1. 定义。
- 介词是一种虚词，用于表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系，一般不能单独使用，必须和名词或代词等组成介词短语，在句中充当状语、补语或定语等成分。
例如“在桌子上”，“在”就是介词，“在桌子上”是介词短语，可作状语，如“书在桌子上放着”。
2. 常见介词分类及举例。
- 表示时间的介词。
- “在”：在春天，我们去郊游。
- “于”：他生于1990年。
- “从”：从早上开始，他就一直在学习。
- 表示地点的介词。
- “在”：小鸟在树上唱歌。
- “到”：他到学校了。
- “从”：从家里到学校有两公里路。
- 表示对象的介词。
- “对”：老师对同学们很关心。
- “对于”：对于这个问题，我们要认真思考。
- “向”：他向老师请教问题。
- 表示方式、手段的介词。
- “用”：我用钢笔写字。
- “以”：他以优异的成绩考上了大学。
3. 介词使用的注意事项。
- 介词的宾语不能省略，除非在一些习惯用法中。
例如“他在家（里）”，口语中“里”可省略，但在正式书面语中应完整。
- 要注意介词的搭配，不同的动词、形容词可能搭配不同的介词。
如“关心”常搭配“对”，“到达”搭配“到”等。
二、数词。
1. 定义。
- 数词是表示数目和次序的词。
表示数目的叫基数词，表示次序的叫序数词。
2. 基数词。
- 简单基数词。
- 一、二、三、四、五、六、七、八、九、十、百、千、万、亿等。
例如“一个苹果”“三只小鸟”。
- 复合基数词。
- 由简单基数词组合而成，如十一、二十一、一百零一。
在读写时要注意规则，例如“123”读作“一百二十三”。
- 基数词的用法。
- 可作主语，如“三是个吉祥数字”；作宾语，“我买了五个”；作定语，“两位老师来了”。
- 构成。
- 一般是在基数词前加“第”，如第一、第二、第三。
也有特殊的序数词，如“初一”“初二”等。
- 用法。
- 主要作定语，如“他是第一名”；也可作主语，“第一名已经产生了”。
三、量词。
数词、名词与介词的详细讲解
数词的用法本代主要讲解数词的用法,包含基数词,序数词,分数,小数,百分数,数词加减法等内容,里面还有一些数词记忆小技巧哦,很不错的,最后还有一些数词的练习题一、概述表示数目与顺序的词，叫做数词（numeral）。
数词有两种：基数词和序数词。
数词与不定代词相似，其用法相当于形容词或名词。
可以在句中充当句子成分，如可用作主语、定语、宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语或状语等。
One added to six is seven.六加一等于七。
（基数词作主语）二、基数词表示数目的词是基数词（cardinal numeral），如one(一)，two（二），thirty（三十）等。
1、最基本的基数词2、其它基数词（1）21-99先“几十”再”几”，中间加连字符。
21 twenty-one 25 twenty-five 99 ninety-nine（2）100及100以上的基数词100及100以上的基数词，以末位向前推（每三位一节），依次须用到hundred, thousand, million, billion等。
（3）基数词的读法①三位数的读法:第一个数字+hundred+ and+后面的一位或两位数字101→ one hundred and one 450→ four hundred(and)fifty②1，000以上的数的读法:先从后向前数，每三位数加一个逗号，第一个逗号前的数字用thousand(千)，第二个逗号前的数字用million(百万)，用“几十thousand”表示“几万”，以“几百thousand”表示“几十万”，用“几十million”表示“几千万”，用”几百million”表示“几亿”。
百位与十位（或个位）之间用and（偶尔可不用）5，643→ fi ve thousand six hundred and forty-three865，432 → eight hundred sixty-five thousand four hundred and thirty-two6，000，000→ six million60，000，005→ sixty million and five3、基数词的用法（1）基数词的功能基数词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语等，其句法功能基本上相当于名词或形容词。
数词、连词、介词、形容词和副词
专题四数词数词是中考必考的一个语法点，基数词，序数词，分数一、数词的分类数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。
1. 基数词表示数目的词称为基数词。
其形式如下：A．从1——10：one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten．B. 从11-19：eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen．这里除eleven，twelve，thirteen，fifteen，eighteen为特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen 都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。
C．从21——99：整数几十中除twenty，thirty,forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety 都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。
表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符―-‖①21 twenty-one ②76 seventy-sixD．百位数：1-9基数词形式加―hundred‖，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and．101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eightE．千位数以上：从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号―，‖。
从右开始，第一个―，‖前的数字后添加thousand，第二个―，‖前面的数字后添加million，第三个―，‖前的数字后添加billion。
然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。
①2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight。
②16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four。
高三英语数词、介词和连词(PPT)4-3
3.关于介词用法的热点
• 1）表示时间： at,in,on,by,during,until,before,after,since,f or
• 2)表示原因 • for,since,as,because • 3)表示让步的介词 • despite,in spite of,regardless of • 4)表示对比和比例的介词 • to,with,against,besides,in(by)
The room is three times the size of that one.
The size of the room is three times that of that one.
用镁或铝还原B?O?得到粗硼。将粗硼分别用盐酸、氢氧化钠和氟化氢处理，可得纯度为 ～ %的棕色无定形硼。 [] 、最纯的单质硼用氢还原法制得：使氢和 三溴化硼的混合气体经过钽丝，电热到K，三溴化硼在高温下被氢还原，生成的硼在钽丝上成片状或针状结构。 、由镁粉或铝粉加热还原氧化硼而得。 [4] 主要用途编辑 构成生命 硼元素是； 游学加盟品牌 游学加盟品牌 ；核糖核酸形成的必需品，而核糖核酸是生命的重要基础构件。 夏威夷大学宇航局天体生物学研究所的博士后研究员詹姆斯-斯蒂芬森称：“硼对于地球上生命的起源可能很重要，因为它可以使核酸稳定，核酸是核糖核酸 的重要成分。在早期生命中，核糖核酸被认为是脱氧核糖核酸的信息前体。” [] 工业用途 硼是一种用途广泛的化工原料矿物，主要用于生产硼砂、硼酸和 硼的各种化合物以及元素硼，是冶金、建材、机械、电器、化工、轻毛、核工业、医药、农业等部门的重要原料。时下，硼的用途超过种，其中玻璃工业、 陶瓷工业、洗涤剂和农用化肥是硼的主要用途，约占全球硼消费量的/4。中国硼矿资源虽然丰富，但是硼矿产品不能满足国内经济建设需求，7年国内硼砂产 量约为4万吨，进口硼矿产品4.7万吨，大量依赖进口，因此充分了解世界硼矿产品市场情况就显得相当重要。 单质硼用作良好的还原剂，氧化剂，溴化剂， 有机合成的掺合材料，高压高频电及等离子弧的绝缘体，雷达的传递窗等。 硼是微量合金元素，硼与塑料或铝合金结合，是有效的中子屏蔽材料；硼钢在反
广东小升初英语专题教案讲义第四讲词性(代词、介词、连词、特殊疑问词)
第四讲代词、介词、连词、特殊疑问词【代词】含义：代词，即代替名词、动词、形容词、数量词、副词的词。
分类：可分为三类：人称代词，疑问代词，指示代词1. 人称代词与物主代词2. 反身代词反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀反身代词有规律，第三人称宾格加，其余开头用物主，复数ves替f3. 指示代词：this，these，that，those指示代词用法口诀：介绍人物用指代，this these距我近，that those离我远，this that指单数。
these those表复数，单复加be不相同，this that跟is，回答事物it代。
these those必加are，回答人/物they来替，若是what提问物，回答要用it/they。
若是用who提问人，人称代词来应答，无论单数与复数，其后都可加名词。
情景若是打电话，I’m和You’re可不行，This is指我是，That is说对方。
that/those置than后，代替前面同类物。
指示代词：4. 疑问代词疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。
疑问代词有：what, who, whose, whom, which, whatever, whichever ,whoever, whomever5. 不定代词由some, every, no, any 分别与one, thing 和body 组合即可得到以下复合不定代词:复合不定代词用法：复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用_______________形式。
修饰形容词时，放在______________________________________________。
后面可以跟________________(to do/doing)。
④ some与any的用法:⑤ each和every的用法：【介词】1：介词的定义和分类1) 介词（preposition 简写__________.）又称作__________（前置/后置）词，表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系，在句中__________（能/不能）单独作。
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第四讲代词、数词、限定词、介词考点解析一、常考介词短语at the risk of; at the cost of; at the sight of;beyond control/reach; by accident; by mistake; by means of; by no means; by all means; by heart/learn…by heart; by the way;for good; for the sake of; for fear of; for short; for the benefit of; in the course of; in addition to; in any case; in case of; in honor of; in terms of; in brief; in charge of;in contrast to/with; in detail; in vain; in effect; in/out of danger/fashion/practice/shape/question/(no problem)/the question/on account of; on end; on duty; on the contrary; on the base of; on behalf of; on purpose; on schedule; on a large/small scale; on the verge of; on the edge of;to some/a great/ certain extent;to the point; to one’s joy/astonishment;under control/discussion/consideration/circumstances; other than/apart from; rather than真题聚焦1. What he said is worthy ____ note.（2002）A. inB. ofC. toD. on2. Mr. Smith is too busy to spare any time, ____ Sunday afternoon.A. only inB. except forC. unless onD. except on3. ____ the fact that I don’t like my job, I must work very hard.A. In spite ofB. Instead ofC. As toD. In case of4. He stays _____ till eleven o’clock every morning.A. in bedB. in a bedC. in the bedD. on the bed5. The exam will be on the first half of the book. That means we’ll have to finish ____.A. fifteenth chapterB. fifteen chapterC. chapter fifteenD. chapter fifteenth6. I didn’t go to his party last night, because ____, I changed my mind.A. on a second thoughtB. by second thoughtsC. on second thoughtsD. on the second thought7.Jack can never find his textbook, his tape, ____.A. calculator and homeworkB. his calculator and homeworkC. calculator and his homeworkD. his calculator and his homework8.Michael is home after a year in German. He looks just ____ before.A. same likeB. as same asC. the sameD. the same as9.The pen I am writing my letter with is different from ____.(2003)A. that oneB. oneC. the oneD. the ones10. I tried to catch the ball but it was ____ my reach.A. beyondB. besidesC. in addition toD. as well as11. ____ new products have been successfully trial-produced.A. A great ofB. A large amount ofC. A plenty ofD. A large number of12. You must pack plenty of food for the journey, ____, you’ll need warm clothes, so pack them too.A. on the wholeB. otherwiseC. howeverD. likewise13. I couldn’t find ____, and so I took this one.A. a large coat enoughB. a large enough coatC. an enough large coatD. a coat enough large14. ____ a young woman, the office was empty.(2004)A. But forB. Except forC. BesidesD. Except15. He was caught in the rain yesterday; ____, he fell ill this morning.A. on the contraryB. in contrastC. in other wordsD. as a result16.It is very convention for me to go to work every day because the bus runs ____.(2005)A. every-ten-minuteB. every tenth minuteC. every tenth minutesD. every ten minute17. His son is quite well now, ____ a slight fever.A. exceptB. besidesC. in addition toD. except for18. What you are saying had nothing to do with the question ____ discussion.A. atB. onC. inD. under19. The classroom is quite clean ___ some waste paper on the floor.A. except forB.exceptC. besidesD. without20. Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people ___ harm them. (anhui 05)A. rather thanB. other thanC. more thanD. better than21. ____ of danger, he jumped into the river all at once.A. BecauseB. In termsC. InsteadD. Regardless22. All parts of the house ___ the windows were in good condition. (shanxi 05)A. other thanB. rather thanC. no more thanD. better than23. The big room was almost empty ___ a table or two.A. besidesB. exceptC. in addition toD. except for24. Much ____ my regret, I am unable to accept your kind invitation.(2007)A. toB. atC. withD. by25. It ought to be you ____ me that signs the letter.A. butB. in spite ofC. ratherD. rather than26. I have been to the West Lake three times ____ 1970.A. sinceB. untilC. fromD. after27. When drinking from a well, one mustn’t forget who dug it. (2008)A. thisB. theseC. thatD. those28. It was almost dark in the street a few very powerful spotlights.A. excludingB. except forC. exceptD. but for29. Mary and Jane are twin sisters. They look exactly .A. likeB. sameC. alikeD. same ones30. I hope to meet you again next year.A. sometimesB. timesC. sometimeD. some time31．Whether you learn or not is entirely _____ you. (2009)A. up toB. as toC. about toD. due to32. We object ____ punishing a whole group for one person’s fault.A. againstB. aboutC. toD. for33. Finally he got time for a glance ____ this report. (2010)A. offB. roundC. onD. at34. Would you spare some time to have a chat with me ____ a cup of coffee?A. forB. WithC. duringD. over35. Having a good command of English is ____ an easy thing.A. by all meansB. by any meansC. by every meansD. by no means36. It is useful to be able to predict the extent _____ which a price change will influence supply and demand.A. fromB. WithC. toD. for37. He will pass two milestones _____, that is, he will receive his master degree and find a challenging jobs.(2011)A. long agoB. not long agoC. before longD. long before38. I don’t think it will rain, but I’ll take an umbrella ____ it does.A. as ifB. in caseC. as thoughD. even if39. The manner _____ which he talked reminded us _____his grandfather. (2012)A. on; towardsB. at; inC. for; byD. in; of40. This treatment works for people of all ages, for the baby ____ for the old man.A. as far asB. as much asC. as long asD. as well as41.The last time I saw her was ____ my brother’s wedding ceremony three years ago.(2014) 41-51A.toB.atC.inD.during42.I have two children but _____ of them likes fruits.A.noneB.eitherC.neitherD.both43.He might have been killed _____ the arrival of the police.A.except forB.withC.forD.but for44.Some areas, _____ their severe weather conditions, are sparely（节俭的；稀少的）populated.A.due toB.but forC.in spite ofD.with regard to45.Many teenagers feel no difficulty _____ computor.A.to learnB.learnC.in learningD.learned46.Henry planned to visit _____ country besides England.A.some otherB.every otherC.several othersD.other47.Students should develop a good attitude _____ tests.A.forB.withC.onD.towards48.No one should blind himself ____ the well-known fact.A.withB.toC.forD.over49.In my bedroom, there is a pair of scissors, a stack of books and ____ flowers on my desk.A.a piece ofB.a pocket ofC.a slice ofD.a bunch of50.____ my delight, our school football team won the game easily.A.InB.OfC.ToD.For51._____ driving to work, Mr. Lead usually goes to his office downtown by train.A.WithoutB. Instead ofC. In case ofD. In spite of1-5BBAAC 6-10CBDAA 11-15DDBBD 16-20BDDAA21-25DADAD 26-30ADBCD 31-35ACDDD 36-40CCBDD41-45BCDAC 46-51ADBDCB专业英语介词、代词真题1. The criminal always paid ____ cash so the police could not track him down. (2002)A. byB. forC. ofD. in2. They have been trying to arrive at a practical solution ____ the problem.A. toB. inC. withD. at3. He is ____ of a musician.(2003)A. anybodyB. anyoneC. somebodyD. something4. ____ he knew little about the work.A. In the beginningB. At the beginningC. At lastD. In the end5. John can’t express his idea ____.A. in a wordB. in wordsC. in wordD. by word6. ____ is a well educated man.A. This Bob’s new friendB. That’s Bob’s new friendC. This new friend of BobD. This new friend of Bob’s● this/that /these/those+of…Look at those dirty hands of yours.I really appreciate th is ideas of Henry’s.That lovely cat of yoursThese questions of yours.7. ____ can we yield to the pressure.(2004)A. By and largeB. By means ofC. In returnD. By no means8. _____ your poor record in school, we think that you should study harder.A. In view ofB. In spite ofC. In charge ofD. In case of9. ____ as 2500 B.C., the Egyptians used mirrors made of highly polished metal. (2005)A. In earlyB. As earlyC. EarlyD. It was early10. It is reported that ____ adopted children want to know who their natural parents are.A. the mostB. most ofC. mostD. the most of11. In recent years much more emphasis has been put ____ developing the students productive skills.A. ontoB. overC. inD. on12. As far as he’s concerned, one piece of music is very much like ____.(2006)A. anotherB. one anotherC. otherD. the other13. The supervisor didn’t have time so far to go into it ____, but he gave us an idea about his plan.A. handB. in turnC. at lengthD. in conclusion14. The woman over there is ____ mother.A. Julia and MaryB. Julia and Mary’sC. Julia’s and Mary’sD. Julia’s and MaryAnn and Jane’s bedroomAnn’s and Jane’s bedrooms15. Before the tourists set off, they spent much time setting a limit ____ the expenses of the trip.A. forB. inC. toD. about16. The new evidence threw some light ____ the case.A. inB. toC. atD. on17. _____ gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicated problems.A. Not onlyB. UnlessC. ExceptD. Besides18. He climbed up into the tree and picked all the fruit ____ reach.A. withinB. beyondC. offD. inside19. ___ the advance of sciences, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us. (2007)A. As forB. DespiteC. BesidesD. Except20. ____ lessons were not difficult.A. Our few first short EnglishB. Our few first English shortC. Few our first English shortD. Our first few short English21. Understanding the cultural habits of another nation especially ___ containing as many different subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.A. oneB. the oneC. thatD. such22. Theoretically speaking, the ratio of the work done by the machine ___ the work done on it is called the efficiency of the machine.A. andB. toC. ofD. against23. Children are very curious ____.A. at heartB. in personC. by natureD. on purpose24.___ your family, don't take so many risks.A. On behalfB. In honor ofC. For the sake ofD. In favor of25. This is ___ the first time you have been late.A. under no circumstancesB. on no accountC. for no reasonD. by no means26. The boy who is talking with your teacher is ___ an athlete.A. anything but（根本不；决不）B. none but(只有)C. all but（几乎）D. something but27. Summer rains came almost _____ as the crops needed them. (2008)A. as a resultB. in a hurryC. on scheduleD. forever28. ———should any money be given to a small child.A. On no accountB. Of no accountC. From all accountsD. By all accounts29. ____ of them knows about the plan because it was secret.(2009)A. SomeB. No oneC. AnyD. None30. You can’t see the president ______ you’ve made an appointment with him.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. except31. Teachers have no right to force their own opinions ____ the students.A. uponB. atC. inD. to32. Do you know what she is majoring _____ at college now?A. onB. atC. withD. in33. _____ forecast the weather it will rain heavily late this morning.A. On account ofB. Because ofC. According toD. Due to34. When we have difficulty ______ obtaining desired objects or reaching desired goals we experience negative emotions such as grief and anger.A. atB. inC. onD. with35. Some students are quick _____ figures. (2010)A. toB. forC. inD. at36. _____ of gift-giving, barter, buying, and selling goes on among the Navajos.A. A great dealB. A great manyC. Much greaterD. Many37. He looked quite healthy though he was _____.A. in seventyB. in his seventyC. at seventiesD. at the age of seventy38. By 1929, Mickey Mouse was as popular _____ children as Coca-cola.A. forB. inC. toD. with39. He was asked _____ time to hand in his dictation.A. the secondB. a firstC. the firstD. a second40. What he said just now had little to do with the question _____ discussion.A. onB. inC. underD. at41. “Does he speak English or Russian?”“He doesn’t speak _____.”(2011)A. eitherB. neitherC. allD. none42. My sister is going to visit Xi’an with _____ friends. (2013)A. other her two littleB. her other little twoC. her two other littleD. her two little other43. The little girl was left alone, with _____ to look after her.A. anyoneB. someoneC. not oneD. no one44. Her answer is not acceptable, and _____.A. neither am IB. mine is neitherC. either is mineD. neither is mine45.He is now confined _____ the hospital by illness. (2014)A.inB. toC. withD. at46.While Tony was talking in the street, he came _____ an old classmate of his.A.intoB. acrossC. ontoD. up with47.His salary as a bus driver is much higher than _____.A.that of a teacherB. those of a teacherC. these of a teacherD. this of a teacherKeys:1-5AADAC 6-10DDABB 11-15DACBC 16-20DDABD21-25ABCCD 26-30BCADB 31-35ADCBD 36-40 ADDDC41-47ACDDBBA三、模拟训练1. The criminal always paid ____ cash so the police could not track him down.A. byB. forC. ofD. in2. They have been trying to arrive at a practical solution ____ the problem.A. toB. inC. withD. at3. He is ____ of a musician.A. anybodyB. anyoneC. somebodyD. something4. ____ he knew little about the work.A. In the beginningB. At the beginningC. At lastD. In the end5. John can’t express his idea ____.A. in a wordB. in wordsC. in wordD. by word6. ____ is a well educated man.A. This Bob’s new friendB. That’s Bob’s new friendC. This new friend of BobD. This new friend of Bob’s7. ____ can we yield to the pressure.A. By and largeB. By means ofC. In returnD. By no means8. ____ your poor record in school, we think that you should study harder.A. In view ofB. In spite ofC. In charge ofD. In case of9. ____ as 2500 B.C., the Egyptians used mirrors made of highly polished metal.A. In earlyB. As earlyC. EarlyD. It was early10. It is reported that ____ adopted children want to know who their natural parentsare.A. the mostB. most ofC. mostD. the most of11. In recent years much more emphasis has been put ____ developing the studentsproductive skills.A. ontoB. overC. inD. on12. As far as he’s concerned, one piece of music is very much like ____.A. anotherB. one anotherC. otherD. the other13. The supervisor didn’t have time so far to go into it ____, but he gave us an ideaabout his plan.A. handB. in turnC. at lengthD. in conclusion14. The woman over there is ____ mother.A. Julia and MaryB. Julia and Mary’sC. Julia’s and Mary’sD. Julia’s and Mary15. Before the tourists set off, they spent much time setting a limit ____ the expensesof the trip.A. forB. inC. toD. about16. The new evidence threw some light ____ the case.A. inB. toC. atD. on17. ____ gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicatedproblems.A. Not onlyB. UnlessC. ExceptD. Besides18. He climbed up into the tree and picked all the fruit ____ reach.A. withinB. beyondC. offD. inside19. ____ the advance of sciences, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always bewith us.A. As forB. DespiteC. BesidesD. Except20. ____ lessons were not difficult.A. Our few first short EnglishB. Our few first English shortC. Few our first English shortD. Our first few short EnglishKeys: 1—5AADAC 6—10DDABB 11—15DACBC 16—20DDABD。